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Negatively charged cyclodextrins: Synthesis and applications in chiral analysis-A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 256:117517. [PMID: 33483038 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The negatively charged cyclodextrins (CDs) play an important role in chiral analysis due to the additional electrostatic effect beyond the host-guest inclusion, especially in enantioanalysis of positively charged and electrically neutral analytes. This review presents recent advances in application of anionic CDs for enantioanalysis during the past five years. Firstly, the synthesis approaches of random substitution and single isomers of anionic CDs are briefly discussed. The main part focuses on the chiral analysis using anionic CDs in various analytical techniques, including capillary electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrochromatography, counter current chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, etc. Particular attention is given to the capillary electrophoresis application since charged CDs could be used as a carrier of enantiomers by virtue of their self-mobility and offer an easy adjustment of the enantiomer migration order. Finally, future opportunities are also discussed in the conclusion of this review.
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2
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Řemínek R, Foret F. Capillary electrophoretic methods for quality control analyses of pharmaceuticals: A review. Electrophoresis 2020; 42:19-37. [PMID: 32901975 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis represents a promising technique in the field of pharmaceutical analysis. The presented review provides a summary of capillary electrophoretic methods suitable for routine quality control analyses of small molecule drugs published since 2015. In total, more than 80 discussed methods are sorted into three main sections according to the applied electroseparation modes (capillary zone electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and micellar, microemulsion, and liposome-electrokinetic chromatography) and further subsections according to the applied detection techniques (UV, capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection, and mass spectrometry). Key parameters of the procedures are summarized in four concise tables. The presented applications cover analyses of active pharmaceutical ingredients and their related substances such as degradation products or enantiomeric impurities. The contribution of reported results to the current knowledge of separation science and general aspects of the practical applications of capillary electrophoretic methods are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Řemínek
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - František Foret
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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3
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4
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Ren S, Xue S, Sun X, Rui M, Wang L, Zhang Q. Investigation of the synergistic effect of chiral ionic liquids as additives in non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis for enantioseparation. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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5
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Ma X, Du Y, Sun X, Liu J, Huang Z. Synthesis and application of amino alcohol-derived chiral ionic liquids, as additives for enantioseparation in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1601:340-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Pérez‐Alcaraz A, Borrull F, Aguilar C, Calull M. Enantioselective determination of cathinones in urine by high pressure in‐line SPE–CE. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:1762-1770. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Pérez‐Alcaraz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic ChemistryUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Tarragona Spain
| | - Francesc Borrull
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic ChemistryUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Tarragona Spain
| | - Carme Aguilar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic ChemistryUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Tarragona Spain
| | - Marta Calull
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic ChemistryUniversitat Rovira i Virgili Tarragona Spain
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7
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Dascalu AE, Ghinet A, Billamboz M, Lipka E. Separations of antifungal compounds in capillary electrophoresis with two anionic cyclodextrins. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:1986-1991. [PMID: 30847936 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CD-CZE methods were developed for complete stereoisomeric separations of a series of six γ-lactam analogues, of which some were neutral, or cationic depending on the background electrolyte nature. The tested cyclodextrin was the versatile sulfobutylether- β-CD, used either in a phosphate buffer using capillaries dynamically coated with polyethylene oxide or in a borate buffer using uncoated capillaries. Long-end and short-end modes and concentration variations of chiral selectors allowed finding conditions of complete separation of four out of the six derivatives (i.e., 1, 2, 3, and 4) in short run times, confirming their broad range of applications. To separate the two last compounds, the highly sulfated- γ-CD was examined as chiral selector in acidic phosphate conditions. The enantiomers of the γ-lactam analogues 5 and 6 were baseline resolved with 5.5 and 4%, respectively as concentration in the buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Elena Dascalu
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Ecole des Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie, Lille, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Pharmacie de Lille, Lille, France.,'Alexandru Ioan Cuza' University of Iasi, Faculty of Chemistry, Iasi, Romania
| | - Alina Ghinet
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Ecole des Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie, Lille, France.,'Alexandru Ioan Cuza' University of Iasi, Faculty of Chemistry, Iasi, Romania
| | - Muriel Billamboz
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Ecole des Hautes Etudes d'Ingénieur (HEI), Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Lipka
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, Lille, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Pharmacie de Lille, Lille, France
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8
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Wang L, Hou X, Zhang F, Liu Y, Ren Y, Yan H. Chiral Separation by NACE Using Polyol Derivative-Boric Acid Complexes. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1985:383-389. [PMID: 31069747 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9438-0_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) is an effective method for chiral separation. Many polyol derivatives (e.g., D-(+)-xylose, lactobionic acid, diacetone-D-mannitol, L-sorbose, and D-gluconic acid δ-lactone) can react with boric acid in methanol to produce polyol derivative-boric acid complexes which can be utilized as chiral selectors of enantioseparations. The enantiomers of more than a dozen basic analytes can be resolved under the optimized NACE using these chiral selectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
| | - Xu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yimeng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Hongyuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis, Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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9
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Chen C, Liu W, Hong T. Novel approaches for biomolecule immobilization in microscale systems. Analyst 2019; 144:3912-3924. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00212j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript reviews novel approaches applied for biomolecule immobilization in microscale systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanpin Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Central South University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Wenfang Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Central South University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Tingting Hong
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Central South University
- Changsha
- China
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10
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Zhang Q, Zhang J, Xue S, Rui M, Gao B, Li A, Bai J, yin Z, Anochie EM. Enhanced enantioselectivity of native α-cyclodextrins by the synergy of chiral ionic liquids in capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:4525-4532. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Pharmacy; Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Mengjie Rui
- School of Pharmacy; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Bin Gao
- School of Pharmacy; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Ang Li
- School of Pharmacy; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Jiashuai Bai
- School of Pharmacy; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Zhichao yin
- School of Pharmacy; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
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11
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Zhou L, Yue J, Fan Y, Wang Y. Self-Assembly and Chiral Recognition of Chiral Cationic Gemini Surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:12924-12933. [PMID: 30339015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chiral cationic gemini surfactants 1,4-bis(dodecyl- N, N-dimethylammonium bromide)-2,3-butanediol (12-4(OH)2-12) including racemate, mesomer, and two enantiomers were synthesized and their self-assembly in aqueous solution has been comparatively investigated by tensiometry, conductometry, 1H NMR, small-angle neutron scattering, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, and cryogenic scanning electron microscopy. The chirality at spacer induces different self-assembly behaviors due to the hydrogen-bonding interaction between the hydroxyl groups at the chiral centers. The stereochemistry of the spacer has little effect on the release of the counterions from the surfactant headgroups and on the molecular packing at the air-water interface. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) decreases in the order of racemate > enantiomer > mesomer. Above the CMC, the aggregates of enantiomers transit from small spherical micelles to rodlike and wormlike micelles with increasing concentration, whereas the mesomer and racemate aggregates transform from spherical micelles to rodlike micelles and platelet-like aggregates. The differences may be because the mesomer and racemate molecules mainly form intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the -OH groups, but the enantiomer molecules dominantly form intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Furthermore, it was found that the chiral micelles formed by the enantiomers exhibit enantioselection ability for bilirubin (BR) enantiomers. The recognition capability can be adjusted by the micellar structure, i.e., the rodlike micelles are better than either small spherical micelles or wormlike micelles, which might possess different chiral cavities, controlling BR shape and location. These results demonstrate that the aggregates of chiral gemini surfactants can be used to mimic the chiral recognition in biological membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | | | | | - Yilin Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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12
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Greño M, Marina ML, Castro-Puyana M. Effect of the combined use of γ-cyclodextrin and a chiral ionic liquid on the enantiomeric separation of homocysteine by capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1568:222-228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Chalavi S, Fakhari AR, Nojavan S. Development of a modified partial filling method in capillary electrophoresis using two chiral plugs for the simultaneous enantioseparation of chiral drugs: Comparison with mixed chiral selector capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1567:211-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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14
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Chalavi S, Fakhari AR, Nojavan S, Mirzaei P. Evaluation of the synergistic effect with amino acids for enantioseparation of basic drugs using capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:2202-2209. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Chalavi
- Faculty of Chemistry; Shahid Beheshti University; Tehran I. R. Iran
| | - Ali Reza Fakhari
- Faculty of Chemistry; Shahid Beheshti University; Tehran I. R. Iran
| | - Saeed Nojavan
- Faculty of Chemistry; Shahid Beheshti University; Tehran I. R. Iran
| | - Peyman Mirzaei
- Faculty of Chemistry; Shahid Beheshti University; Tehran I. R. Iran
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Yao Y, Song P, Wen X, Deng M, Wang J, Guo X. Chiral separation of 12 pairs of enantiomers by capillary electrophoresis using heptakis-(2,3-diacetyl-6-sulfato)-β-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector and the elucidation of the chiral recognition mechanism by computational methods. J Sep Sci 2018; 40:2999-3007. [PMID: 28544353 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chiral separation of 12 pairs of basic analyte enantiomers including oxybutynin, bambuterol, tradinterol, clenbuterol, clorprenaline, terbutaline, tulobuterol, citalopram, phencynonate, fexofenadine, salbutamol, and penehyclidine was conducted by capillary electrophoresis using a single-isomer anionic β-cyclodextrin derivative, heptakis-(2,3-diacetyl-6-sulfato)-β-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector. Parameters influencing separation were studied, including background electrolyte pH, heptakis-(2,3-diacetyl-6-sulfato)-β-cyclodextrin concentration, buffer concentration, and separation voltage. A background electrolyte consisting of 50 mM Tris-H3 PO4 and 6 mM heptakis-(2,3-diacetyl-6-sulfato)-β-cyclodextrin at pH 2.5 was found to be highly efficient for the separation of most enantiomers, with other conditions of normal polarity mode at 10 kV, detection wavelength of 210 nm using hydrodynamic injection for 3 s. Under the optimal conditions, baseline resolution (>1.50) for 11 pairs of enantiomers and somewhat lower resolution for penehyclidine enantiomers (1.17) were generated. Moreover, the possible mechanism of separation of clenbuterol, oxybutynin, salbutamol, and penehyclidine was investigated using a computational modeling method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Peilu Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Miaoduo Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
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16
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Boublík M, Riesová M, Dubský P, Gaš B. Enhancement of the conductivity detection signal in capillary electrophoresis systems using neutral cyclodextrins as sweeping agents. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1390-1398. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Boublík
- Faculty of Science; Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Martina Riesová
- Faculty of Science; Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dubský
- Faculty of Science; Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Gaš
- Faculty of Science; Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
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18
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Deng X, Li W, Ding G, Xue T, Chen X. Synthesis and Applications of Functionalized Magnetic Nanomaterials in Enantioseparation. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2017.1419257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Analysis Center, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Dikma Technologies Inc., Tianjin, China
| | | | - Tao Xue
- Analysis Center, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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19
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Quirino JP. A cationic β‐cyclodextrin as a dynamic coating for the separation of proteins in capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:4835-4838. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joselito P. Quirino
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Physical Sciences—Chemistry University of Tasmania Sandy Bay Tasmania Australia
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Lv L, Wang L, Li J, Jiao Y, Gao S, Wang J, Yan H. Enantiomeric separation of seven β-agonists by NACE—Study of chiral selectivity with diacetone-d-mannitol–boric acid complex. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:399-405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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A quality by design-based approach to a capillary electrokinetic assay for the determination of dextromepromazine and levomepromazine sulfoxide as impurities of levomepromazine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 146:402-409. [PMID: 28926734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Using a quality by design approach, a capillary electrophoresis method for the simultaneous determination of dextromepromazine and the oxidation product levomepromazine sulfoxide in levomepromazine was developed. The analytical target profile was defined that the method should be able to quantify 0.1% of both impurities with a precision of ≤10%. Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin was used as chiral selector. The critical process parameters cyclodextrin concentration, buffer pH and concentration as well as temperature and applied voltage were studied using a fractional factorial resolution V+ design for defining the knowledge space. A central composite face centered design was used as response surface methodology for deriving the design space by Monte Carlo simulations. The selected working point was a 100mM citric acid buffer, pH 2.85, containing 3.6mg/mL hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin, a temperature of 15°C and a voltage of 25kV. Robustness was estimated using a Plackett-Burman design. The method was subsequently validated in the relative concentration range of 0.1%-1.0% of the impurities for a solution containing 0.25mg/mL levomepromazine. The method was applied to the determination of the purity of the reference substance of the European Pharmacopoeia and of the drug in a commercial injection solution.
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23
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Enantioselective analysis of Moxifloxacin hydrochloride enantiomers with graphene-β-Cyclodextrin-nanocomposite modified carbon paste electrode using adsorptive stripping differential pulse Voltammetry. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.07.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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24
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Chung HK, Truong QK, Mai XL, Choi Y, Kang JS, Mar W, Kim KH. Determination of S-(−)-lansoprazole in dexlansoprazole preparation by capillary zone electrophoresis. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:962-971. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0936-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Daria D, Liudmila K, Gennady E. Highly fluorinated polymers with sulfonate, sulfamide and N
,N
-diethylamino groups for the capillary electromigration separation of proteins and steroid hormones. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3335-3342. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dzema Daria
- Saint Petersburg State University; Institute of chemistry; Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - Kartsova Liudmila
- Saint Petersburg State University; Institute of chemistry; Saint Petersburg Russia
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Delplanques T, Boulahjar R, Charton J, Houze C, Howsam M, Servais AC, Fillet M, Lipka E. Single and dual cyclodextrins systems for the enantiomeric and diastereoisomeric separations of structurally related dihydropyridone analogues. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1922-1931. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Delplanques
- Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Pharmacie de Lille; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Rajaa Boulahjar
- Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for living Systems; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Julie Charton
- Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for living Systems; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Corentin Houze
- Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Pharmacie de Lille; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Michael Howsam
- Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Faculté de Médecine de Lille; Université de Lille; Lille France
| | - Anne-Catherine Servais
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM); University of Liège; Liege Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM); University of Liège; Liege Belgium
| | - Emmanuelle Lipka
- Inserm, U995 - LIRIC - Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Faculté de Pharmacie de Lille; Université de Lille; Lille France
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Sázelová P, Koval D, Severa L, Teplý F, Kašička V. Chiral analysis of α-diimine Ru(II) and Fe(II) complexes by capillary electrophoresis using sulfated cyclodextrins as stereoselectors. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1913-1921. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Sázelová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Dušan Koval
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Severa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Filip Teplý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Prague Czech Republic
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28
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Silva M, Morante-Zarcero S, Pérez-Quintanilla D, Marina ML, Sierra I. Preconcentration of β-blockers using functionalized ordered mesoporous silica as sorbent for SPE and their determination in waters by chiral CE. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1905-1912. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Silva
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética; Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET; URJC; Móstoles Spain
| | - Sonia Morante-Zarcero
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética; Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET; URJC; Móstoles Spain
| | - Damián Pérez-Quintanilla
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética; Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET; URJC; Móstoles Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Biología, Ciencias Ambientales y Química; Universidad de Alcalá; Alcalá de Henares Spain
| | - Isabel Sierra
- Departamento de Tecnología Química y Energética; Tecnología Química y Ambiental, Tecnología Mecánica y Química Analítica, ESCET; URJC; Móstoles Spain
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29
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Determination of the stereoisomeric impurities of sitafloxacin by capillary electrophoresis with dual chiral additives. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1506:120-127. [PMID: 28551019 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Because of the bioactivity against the human topoisomerase II, the stereoisomeric impurities of sitafloxacin should be controlled in the process of manufactory. In the present work, a capillary electrophoresis (CE) method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of three stereoisomeric impurities of sitafloxacin. The separation with high resolution not only for the separation of enantiomers, but also for the separation of diastereoisomers was achieved by using a background electrolyte composed of dual chiral selectors, namely γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) and Cu2+-d-phenylalanine (D-Phe) complex. The combination of two chiral selectors is indispensable to gain a high separation selectivity due to the cooperativity effect of different chiral discrimination modes: inclusion complexation (γ-CD) and ligand exchange (Cu2+-d-Phe). The concentrations of γ-CD, Cu2+ and D-Phe were found to be critical to the separation. Because two chiral selectors were involved in the enantiomer separation system, multiple factors and their interaction should be simultaneously optimized by using the response surface methodology (RSM) with a face centred central composite design (FCCD). The obtained optimized separation conditions were as follows: 15mmol/L dipotassium hydrogenphosphate solution (pH 4.5) containing 15mmol/L D-Phe, 20mmol/L CuSO4 and 20mmol/L γ-CD, separation voltage 15kV. The method was then validated and the robustness of the method was tested. Under the optimized conditions, as low as 0.1% (m/m) stereoisomeric impurities of sitafloxacin can be determined by the method.
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30
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Zhu B, Xu S, Guo X, Wei L, Yu J, Wang T. Use of various β-cyclodextrin derivatives as chiral selectors for the enantiomeric separation of ofloxacin and its five related substances by capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:1784-1795. [PMID: 28168817 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A capillary electrophoretic method for the enantioseparation of ofloxacin and its five related substances (potential impurities, indicated as impurities B-F) was developed using β-cyclodextrin derivatives as chiral selectors. To our knowledge, there are no previous studies about using capillary electrophoresis for the separation of impurities B-D. Six β-cyclodextrin derivatives including cationic (piperidine- and cyclohexylamine-), neutral (dimethyl- and hydroxypropyl-), and anionic (carboxymethyl- and sulfated-) β-cyclodextrin derivatives were tested and operational parameters such as buffer pH and concentration of β-cyclodextrin derivatives were investigated. The best resolutions were all obtained with anionic β-cyclodextrin derivatives: ofloxacin, impurities C-F could be best resolved with carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin at satisfactory resolutions of 8.27, 9.98, 5.92, 8.49 and 6.78, respectively, while for impurity B, a particularly impressive resolution value, up to 21.38, was observed using sulfated-β-cyclodextrin. The enhancement of enantioseparation observed for the tested analytes using anionic β-cyclodextrin derivatives might be due to some favorable interaction between selectors and analytes. Given the fact that the selection of chiral selector depends on the structures of analytes, with the help of structural similarities and differences of the analytes, the structure-separation relationship was further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Zhu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Shuying Xu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Lan Wei
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Tiejie Wang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
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31
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Stavrou IJ, Agathokleous EA, Kapnissi-Christodoulou CP. Chiral selectors in CE: Recent development and applications (mid-2014 to mid-2016). Electrophoresis 2017; 38:786-819. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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32
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Nováková Z, Pejchal V, Fischer J, Česla P. Chiral separation of benzothiazole derivatives of amino acids using capillary zone electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:798-803. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Nováková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Pardubice; Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Pejchal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Pardubice; Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Jan Fischer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Pardubice; Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Petr Česla
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemical Technology; University of Pardubice; Pardubice Czech Republic
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33
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Advances in the Use of Cyclodextrins as Chiral Selectors in Capillary Electrokinetic Chromatography: Fundamentals and Applications. Chromatographia 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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34
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Zhang Q, Qi X, Feng C, Tong S, Rui M. Three chiral ionic liquids as additives for enantioseparation in capillary electrophoresis and their comparison with conventional modifiers. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1462:146-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Růžička M, Koval D, Vávra J, Reyes-Gutiérrez PE, Teplý F, Kašička V. Interactions of helquats with chiral acidic aromatic analytes investigated by partial-filling affinity capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1467:417-426. [PMID: 27578406 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Noncovalent molecular interactions between helquats, a new class of dicationic helical extended diquats, and several chiral acidic aromatic drugs and catalysts have been investigated using partial-filling affinity capillary electrophoresis (PF-ACE). Helquats dissolved at 1mM concentration in the aqueous background electrolyte (40mM Tris, 20mM acetic acid, pH 8.1) were introduced as ligand zones of variable length (0-130mm) into the hydroxypropylcellulose coated fused silica capillary whereas 0.1mM solutions of negatively charged chiral drugs or catalysts (warfarin, ibuprofen, mandelic acid, etodolac, binaphthyl phosphate and 11 other acidic aromatic compounds) were applied as a short analyte zone at the injection capillary end. After application of electric field, analyte and ligand migrated against each other and in case of their interactions, migration time of the analyte was increasing with increasing length of the ligand zone. From the tested compounds, only isomers of those exhibiting helical chirality and/or possessing conjugated aromatic systems were enantioselectively separated through their differential interactions with helquats. Some compounds with conjugated aromatic groups interacted with helquats moderately strongly but non-enantiospecifically. Small compounds with single benzene ring exhibited no or very weak non-enantiospecific interactions. PF-ACE method allowed to determine binding constants of the analyte-helquat complexes from the changes of migration times of the analytes. Binding constants of the weakest complexes of the analytes with helquats were less than 50L/mol, whereas binding constants of the strongest complexes were in the range 1 000-1 400L/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Růžička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám., 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Dušan Koval
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám., 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vávra
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám., 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Paul E Reyes-Gutiérrez
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám., 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Teplý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám., 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Kašička
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám., 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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36
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Dubský P, Dvořák M, Ansorge M. Affinity capillary electrophoresis: the theory of electromigration. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:8623-8641. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9799-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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37
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Flor S, Huala Juan M, Tripodi V, Lucangioli S. Development of an enantioselective capillary electrophoretic method for the simultaneous determination of montelukast enantiomeric and diastereoisomeric forms and its main degradation product. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:2420-8. [PMID: 27524401 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective CD-MEKC system has been developed for the quality control of Montelukast (MK), commercialized as a pure enantiomer. The proposed method is the first one that allows the simultaneous determination of MK, its enantiomeric form, diasteroisomers and its main degradation compound (MK sulphoxide). CD-MEKC system is composed of 10 mM SDS, 10 mM sulfobutylether-β-CD, 10 mM TM-β-CD, and 20 mM borate buffer at pH 9.0. Combination of these two CDs allows high baseline enantioresolution between MK and its enantiomeric impurity, but also, between the diasteroisomeric forms. Moreover, a multivariate design was applied to optimize operational parameters. The method was designed to meet with requirements of the official pharmacopoeias and fully validated according to international guidelines. Linearity of MK was demonstrated in the range from 10.0 to 100.0 μg/mL (r(2) = 0.9908) with a LOD and LOQ of 0.30 and 0.90 μg/mL, respectively. Intra and interday precision were evaluated and RSD values were below 2%, and also, accuracy expressed as percentage of recovery was in a range from 99.0 to 101.9 for the three assayed levels. The method allows determining 0.02% w/w of the enantiomeric and diasteroisomeric impurities, and 0.01% w/w of MK sulphoxide. Robustness was evaluated by a Plackett and Burman design. Finally, the CD-MEKC system was successfully applied to the determination of related substances in MK bulk drug and its quantification in two pediatric pharmaceutical dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Flor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin Huala Juan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Tripodi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lucangioli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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38
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Prior A, Sánchez-Hernández L, Sastre-Toraño J, Marina ML, de Jong GJ, Somsen GW. Enantioselective analysis of proteinogenic amino acids in cerebrospinal fluid by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:2410-9. [PMID: 27465690 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
d-Amino acids (AAs) are increasingly being recognized as essential molecules in biological systems. Enantioselective analysis of proteinogenic AAs in biological samples was accomplished by CE-MS employing β-CD as chiral selector and ESI via sheath-liquid (SL) interfacing. Prior to analysis, AAs were fully derivatized with FMOC, improving AA-enantiomer separation and ESI efficiency. In order to optimize the separation and MS detection of FMOC-AAs, the effects of type and concentration of CD in the BGE, the composition of the SL, and MS-interfacing parameters were evaluated. Using a BGE of 10 mM β-CD in 50 mM ammonium bicarbonate (pH 8) containing 15% v/v isopropanol, a SL of isopropanol-water-1 M ammonium bicarbonate (50:50:1, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 3 μL/min, and a nebulizer gas pressure of 2 psi, 15 proteinogenic AAs could be detected with enantioresolutions up to 3.5 and detection limits down to 0.9 μM (equivalent to less than 3 pg AA injected). The selectivity of the method was demonstrated by the analysis of spiked cerebrospinal fluid, allowing specific detection of d-AAs. Repeatability and linearity obtained for cerebrospinal fluid were similar to standard solutions, with peak area and migration-time RSDs (n = 5) below 16.2 and 1.6%, respectively, and a linear response (R(2) ≥ 0.977) in the 3-90 μM range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Prior
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Laura Sánchez-Hernández
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Javier Sastre-Toraño
- Division of Biomolecular Analysis, Utrecht University, CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Luisa Marina
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain
| | - Gerhardus J de Jong
- Division of Biomolecular Analysis, Utrecht University, CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Govert W Somsen
- Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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39
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Enantioseparations in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography: Recent advances and applications. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1467:145-154. [PMID: 27461922 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights recent advances and applications in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC) for enantioseparations during the last decade. Although extensive research has been conducted in the area of separations by use of CEC, and a big number of reviews have been published, there is not a review on exclusively the use of chiral stationary phases (CSPs) in OT-CEC for enantioseparations. Therefore, in this review, the design and synthesis of different CSPs are presented, and their potential applications in OT-CEC for enantioseparations are discussed. The different approaches to CSP development include chiral nanomaterials, porous layers, molecular imprinting, sol-gel technique, polyelectrolyte multilayer coating, polymeric coating and others.
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40
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Scriba GKE. Chiral recognition in separation science - an update. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1467:56-78. [PMID: 27318504 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Stereospecific recognition of chiral molecules is an important issue in various aspects of life sciences and chemistry including analytical separation sciences. The basis of analytical enantioseparations is the formation of transient diastereomeric complexes driven by hydrogen bonds or ionic, ion-dipole, dipole-dipole, van der Waals as well as π-π interactions. Recently, halogen bonding was also described to contribute to selector-selectand complexation. Besides structure-separation relationships, spectroscopic techniques, especially NMR spectroscopy, as well as X-ray crystallography have contributed to the understanding of the structure of the diastereomeric complexes. Molecular modeling has provided the tool for the visualization of the structures. The present review highlights recent contributions to the understanding of the binding mechanism between chiral selectors and selectands in analytical enantioseparations dating between 2012 and early 2016 including polysaccharide derivatives, cyclodextrins, cyclofructans, macrocyclic glycopeptides, proteins, brush-type selectors, ion-exchangers, polymers, crown ethers, ligand-exchangers, molecular micelles, ionic liquids, metal-organic frameworks and nucleotide-derived selectors. A systematic compilation of all published literature on the various chiral selectors has not been attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard K E Scriba
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Philosophenweg 14, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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41
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Analytical advances in pharmaceutical impurity profiling. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 87:118-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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42
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Recent advances in capillary electrophoretic migration techniques for pharmaceutical analysis (2013-2015). Electrophoresis 2016; 37:1591-608. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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43
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Liu Y, Deng M, Yu J, Jiang Z, Guo X. Capillary electrophoretic enantioseparation of basic drugs using a new single-isomer cyclodextrin derivative and theoretical study of the chiral recognition mechanism. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:1766-75. [PMID: 26935589 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel single-isomer cyclodextrin derivative, heptakis {2,6-di-O-[3-(1,3-dicarboxyl propylamino)-2-hydroxypropyl]}-β-cyclodextrin (glutamic acid-β-cyclodextrin) was synthesized and used as a chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis for the enantioseparation of 12 basic drugs, including terbutaline, clorprenaline, tulobuterol, clenbuterol, procaterol, carvedilol, econazole, miconazole, homatropine methyl bromide, brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine and pheniramine. The primary factors affecting separation efficiency, which include the background electrolyte pH, the concentration of glutamic acid-β-cyclodextrin and phosphate buffer concentration, were investigated. Satisfactory enantioseparations were obtained using an uncoated fused-silica capillary of 50 cm (effective length 40 cm) × 50 μm id with 120 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.5-4.0) containing 0.5-4.5 mM glutamic acid-β-cyclodextrin as background electrolyte. A voltage of 20 kV was applied and the capillary temperature was kept at 20°C. The results proved that glutamic acid-β-cyclodextrin was an effective chiral selector for studied 12 basic drugs. Moreover, the possible chiral recognition mechanism of brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine and pheniramine on glutamic acid-β-cyclodextrin was investigated using the semi-empirical Parametric Method 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjing Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China.,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, P. R. China
| | - Miaoduo Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
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44
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Bao JJ, Jia F, Li Y, Liang Q, Wang Y. Synthesis and applications of sulfopropyl ether γ-cyclodextrin polymer as chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:3639-49. [PMID: 26993309 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel sulfopropyl ether γ-cyclodextrin polymer (SPE-γ-CDP) through polycondensating sulfated cyclodextrins (SCDs) was synthesized. This synthesis approach also has the potential of preparing other derived cyclodextrins (CDs) polymers. The polymerized SCDs took on both the properties of SCDs and certain characteristics of polymers, such as chiral selectivity and high viscosity. Synthesis parameters, including reactions sequence, sulfation, and polycondensation conditions were investigated systematically. The product was characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy (IR), and indirect UV detections prior to use as background electrolytes additive. The separation conditions, including the concentration of SPE-γ-CDP, the concentration and pH of running buffer, separation voltage, as well as the additional organic solution were optimized during chiral separation of neutral, acidic, and basic enantiomers in capillary electrophoresis (CE). SPE-γ-CDP was proven to be an effective chiral resolving agent in CE with the advantages of simple synthesis process, low cost, similar ratio of charge-to-mass, low current, great reproducibility, and reusability. Graphical Abstract Synthesis and applications of sulfopropyl ether γ-cyclodextrin polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Bao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Feifei Jia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Youxin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Qinggang Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High-Efficiency, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
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45
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Kartsova LA, Bessonova EA, Kolobova EA. Ionic Liquids as Modifiers of Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Systems. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934816020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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Přibylka A, Švidrnoch M, Tesařová E, Armstrong DW, Maier V. The empirical comparison of cyclofructans and cyclodextrins as chiral selectors in capillary electrophoretic separation of atropisomers ofR,S-1,1’-binaphthalene-2,2’-diyl hydrogen phosphate. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:973-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Přibylka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Martin Švidrnoch
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Eva Tesařová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Albertov 2030 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
| | - Vítězslav Maier
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
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47
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Lv L, Wang L, Zou Y, Chen R, Yu J. Chiral separation by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis using l-sorbose–boric acid complexes as chiral ion-pair selectors. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21806g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A chiral nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) method using l-sorbose–boric acid complexes as the chiral ion-pair selectors was developed for enantioseparation of nineteen chiral analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Lv
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Yanan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Jiaojiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
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48
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Ye N, Ma J, An J, Li J, Cai Z, Zong H. Separation of amino acid enantiomers by a capillary modified with a metal–organic framework. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02741e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent bonding of homochiral metal–organic framework in capillaries for amino acid enantiomer separation by capillary electrochromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengsheng Ye
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- P. R. China
| | - Jichao Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- P. R. China
| | - Jianxin An
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Beijing Institute of Veterinary Drugs Control
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Cai
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- P. R. China
| | - Han Zong
- Department of Chemistry
- Capital Normal University
- Beijing 100048
- P. R. China
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49
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Riesová M, Geryk R, Kalíková K, Šlechtová T, Voborná M, Martínková M, Bydžovská A, Tesařová E. Direct CE and HPLC methods for enantioseparation of tryptophan and its unnatural derivatives. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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50
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Szabó ZI, Szőcs L, Muntean DL, NoszáL B, Tóth G. Chiral Separation of Uncharged Pomalidomide Enantiomers Using Carboxymethyl-β-Cyclodextrin: A Validated Capillary Electrophoretic Method. Chirality 2015; 28:199-203. [PMID: 26708721 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The racemic mixture of pomalidomide (POM), a second-generation immunomodulatory uncharged drug, was separated into enantiomers by capillary zone electrophoresis for the first time. Seven different chargeable cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives were screened as complexing agents and chiral selectors, investigating the stability of the POM-CD inclusion complexes and their enantiodiscriminating capacities. Based on preliminary experiments, carboxymethyl-β-CD (CM-β-CD) was found to be the most effective chiral selector. Factors influencing enantioseparation were systematically optimized, using an orthogonal experimental design. Optimal parameters (background electrolyte [BGE]: 50 mM Tris-acetate buffer, pH 6.5, containing 15 mM CM-β-CD; capillary temperature: 20°C; voltage applied +15 kV) allowed baseline separation of POM enantiomers with a resolution as high as 4.87. The developed method was validated, in terms of sensitivity (limit of detection and limit of quantification), linearity, accuracy, repeatability, and intermediate precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán-István Szabó
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Levente Szőcs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniela-Lucia Muntean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Béla NoszáL
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergő Tóth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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