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Yang S, Zhao L, Yang X, Yang L, Fa H, Wang Y, Huo D, Hou C, Zhong D, Yang M. A portable smartphone detection of ctDNA using MnB 2 nanozyme and paper-based analytical device. Talanta 2024; 278:126523. [PMID: 38981155 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The development of point-of-care testing (POCT) for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is meaningful for the non-invasive cancers screening and diagnosis, particularly in resource-limited settings. The microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) provides an ideal platform, its application in ctDNA assays remains underexplored. In this work, a multifunctional μPAD was manufactured, which can enhance the efficiency and reduce the cost of ctDNA sensing. Additionally, a smartphone-based application analysis was fabricated for convenient, portable detection and colorimetric signal readout. Moreover, the novel oxidase-like MnB2 nanozyme was introduced in the sandwiches sensing strategy, utilizing its catalytic properties to effectively generate a colorimetric signal. The use of MnB2 nanozyme in sensing application is relatively novel, and its catalytic performance and mechanism was thoroughly evaluated via experiment and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. After optimizing the detection conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibited satisfactory results. Furthermore, the method was successfully used to detect ctDNA in tumor cell lysates and peripheral blood samples from tumor-bearing mice. The results were consistent with standard qPCR method, affirming the reliability of our POCT analysis device in ctDNA detection. Thus, this work not only provides a paper-based POCT device and intelligent analysis tool for portable cancers diagnosis, but it also paves a new application path for MnB2 nanozyme in the sensing filed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Liangyi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Liyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Huanbao Fa
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Yongzhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Danqun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Changjun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
| | - Daidi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
| | - Mei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
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Suleimenova A, Frasco MF, Sales MGF. An ultrasensitive paper-based SERS sensor for detection of nucleolin using silver-nanostars, plastic antibodies and natural antibodies. Talanta 2024; 279:126543. [PMID: 39018947 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
A state-of-the-art, ultrasensitive, paper-based SERS sensor has been developed using silver nanostars (AgNSs) in combination with synthetic and natural antibodies. A key component of this innovative sensor is the plastic antibody, which was synthesized using molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) technology. This ground-breaking combination of paper substrates/MIPs with AgNSs, which is similar to a sandwich immunoassay, is used for the first time with the aim of SERS detection and specifically targets nucleolin (NCL), a cancer biomarker. The sensor device was carefully fabricated by synthesizing a polyacrylamide-based MIP on cellulose paper (Whatman Grade 1 filter) by photopolymerization. The binding of NCL to the MIP was then confirmed by natural antibody binding using a sandwich assay for quantitative SERS analysis. To facilitate the detection of NCL, antibodies were pre-bound to AgNSs with a Raman tag so that the SERS signal could indicate the presence of NCL. The composition of the sensory layers/materials was meticulously optimized. The intensity of the Raman signal at ∼1078 cm-1 showed a linear trend that correlated with increasing concentrations of NCL, ranging from 0.1 to 1000 nmol L-1, with a limit of detection down to 0.068 nmol L-1 in human serum. The selectivity of the sensor was confirmed by testing its analytical response in the presence of cystatin C and lysozyme. The paper-based SERS detection system for NCL is characterized by its simplicity, sustainability, high sensitivity and stability and thus embodies essential properties for point-of-care applications. This approach is promising for expansion to other biomarkers in various fields, depending on the availability of synthetic and natural antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akmaral Suleimenova
- BioMark, CEMMPRE, ARISE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CENIMAT, i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Manuela F Frasco
- BioMark, CEMMPRE, ARISE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - M Goreti F Sales
- BioMark, CEMMPRE, ARISE, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Thenuwara G, Curtin J, Tian F. Advances in Diagnostic Tools and Therapeutic Approaches for Gliomas: A Comprehensive Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:9842. [PMID: 38139688 PMCID: PMC10747598 DOI: 10.3390/s23249842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas, a prevalent category of primary malignant brain tumors, pose formidable clinical challenges due to their invasive nature and limited treatment options. The current therapeutic landscape for gliomas is constrained by a "one-size-fits-all" paradigm, significantly restricting treatment efficacy. Despite the implementation of multimodal therapeutic strategies, survival rates remain disheartening. The conventional treatment approach, involving surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy, grapples with substantial limitations, particularly in addressing the invasive nature of gliomas. Conventional diagnostic tools, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET), play pivotal roles in outlining tumor characteristics. However, they face limitations, such as poor biological specificity and challenges in distinguishing active tumor regions. The ongoing development of diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches represents a multifaceted and promising frontier in the battle against this challenging brain tumor. The aim of this comprehensive review is to address recent advances in diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches for gliomas. These innovations aim to minimize invasiveness while enabling the precise, multimodal targeting of localized gliomas. Researchers are actively developing new diagnostic tools, such as colorimetric techniques, electrochemical biosensors, optical coherence tomography, reflectometric interference spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and optical biosensors. These tools aim to regulate tumor progression and develop precise treatment methods for gliomas. Recent technological advancements, coupled with bioelectronic sensors, open avenues for new therapeutic modalities, minimizing invasiveness and enabling multimodal targeting with unprecedented precision. The next generation of multimodal therapeutic strategies holds potential for precision medicine, aiding the early detection and effective management of solid brain tumors. These innovations offer promise in adopting precision medicine methodologies, enabling early disease detection, and improving solid brain tumor management. This review comprehensively recognizes the critical role of pioneering therapeutic interventions, holding significant potential to revolutionize brain tumor therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathree Thenuwara
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman Lower, D07 H6K8 Dublin, Ireland;
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka
| | - James Curtin
- Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Technological University Dublin, Bolton Street, D01 K822 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Furong Tian
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin, Grangegorman Lower, D07 H6K8 Dublin, Ireland;
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Luo Y, Liu C, Li D, Yang B, Shi J, Guo X, Fan H, Lv Q. Progress in the Diagnostic and Predictive Evaluation of Crush Syndrome. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3034. [PMID: 37835777 PMCID: PMC10572195 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Crush syndrome (CS), also known as traumatic rhabdomyolysis, is a syndrome with a wide clinical spectrum; it is caused by external compression, which often occurs in earthquakes, wars, and traffic accidents, especially in large-scale disasters. Crush syndrome is the second leading cause of death after direct trauma in earthquakes. A series of clinical complications caused by crush syndrome, including hyperkalemia, myoglobinuria, and, in particular, acute kidney injury (AKI), is the main cause of death in crush syndrome. The early diagnosis of crush syndrome, the correct evaluation of its severity, and accurate predictions of a poor prognosis can provide personalized suggestions for rescuers to carry out early treatments and reduce mortality. This review summarizes various methods for the diagnostic and predictive evaluation of crush syndrome, including urine dipstick tests for a large number of victims, traditional and emerging biomarkers, imaging-assisted diagnostic methods, and developed evaluation models, with the aim of providing materials for scholars in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Medical Rescue Key Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Emergency Management, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Medical Rescue Key Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Emergency Management, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Duo Li
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Medical Rescue Key Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Emergency Management, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Bofan Yang
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Medical Rescue Key Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Emergency Management, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Medical Rescue Key Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Emergency Management, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiaoqin Guo
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Medical Rescue Key Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Emergency Management, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Haojun Fan
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Medical Rescue Key Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Emergency Management, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qi Lv
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Medical Rescue Key Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Emergency Management, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Benjamin SR, de Lima F, Nascimento VAD, de Andrade GM, Oriá RB. Advancement in Paper-Based Electrochemical Biosensing and Emerging Diagnostic Methods. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:689. [PMID: 37504088 PMCID: PMC10377443 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of electrochemical detection techniques in paper-based analytical devices (PADs) has revolutionized point-of-care (POC) testing, enabling the precise and discerning measurement of a diverse array of (bio)chemical analytes. The application of electrochemical sensing and paper as a suitable substrate for point-of-care testing platforms has led to the emergence of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs). The inherent advantages of these modified paper-based analytical devices have gained significant recognition in the POC field. In response, electrochemical biosensors assembled from paper-based materials have shown great promise for enhancing sensitivity and improving their range of use. In addition, paper-based platforms have numerous advantageous characteristics, including the self-sufficient conveyance of liquids, reduced resistance, minimal fabrication cost, and environmental friendliness. This study seeks to provide a concise summary of the present state and uses of ePADs with insightful commentary on their practicality in the field. Future developments in ePADs biosensors include developing novel paper-based systems, improving system performance with a novel biocatalyst, and combining the biosensor system with other cutting-edge tools such as machine learning and 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Rathinaraj Benjamin
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Cearà, Fortaleza 60430-270, CE, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Cearà, Fortaleza 60430-270, CE, Brazil
| | - Fábio de Lima
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Valter Aragão do Nascimento
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
| | - Geanne Matos de Andrade
- Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Federal University of Cearà, Fortaleza 60430-270, CE, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Cearà, Fortaleza 60430-270, CE, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Barreto Oriá
- Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Cearà, Fortaleza 60430-270, CE, Brazil
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Gumus E, Bingol H, Zor E. Lateral flow assays for detection of disease biomarkers. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 225:115206. [PMID: 36586382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis saves lives in many diseases. In this sense, monitoring of biomarkers is crucial for the diagnosis of diseases. Lateral flow assays (LFAs) have attracted great attention among paper-based point-of-care testing (POCT) due to their low cost, user-friendliness, and time-saving advantages. Developments in the field of health have led to an increase of interest in these rapid tests. LFAs are used in the diagnosis and monitoring of many diseases, thanks to biomarkers that can be observed in body fluids. This review covers the recent advances dealing with the design and strategies for the development of LFA for the detection of biomarkers used in clinical applications in the last 5 years. We focus on various strategies such as choosing the nanoparticle type, single or multiple test approaches, and equipment for signal transducing for the detection of the most common biomarkers in different diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, infectious, and others including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. We expect that this study will contribute to the different approaches in LFA and pave the way for other clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Gumus
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology Laboratory, Science and Technology Research and Application Center (BITAM), Necmettin Erbakan University, 42140 Konya, Turkey
| | - Haluk Bingol
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology Laboratory, Science and Technology Research and Application Center (BITAM), Necmettin Erbakan University, 42140 Konya, Turkey; Department of Chemistry Education, A.K. Education Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey
| | - Erhan Zor
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology Laboratory, Science and Technology Research and Application Center (BITAM), Necmettin Erbakan University, 42140 Konya, Turkey; Department of Science Education, A.K. Education Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42090 Konya, Turkey.
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7
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Janrod M, Srisa-Art M. Simultaneous colorimetric detection of nephrolithiasis biomarkers using a microfluidic paper-based analytical device. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:752-761. [PMID: 36661131 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01648f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) coupled with colorimetric detection was developed for simultaneous determination of urinary oxalate, citrate and uric acid (UA) which are important biomarkers of nephrolithiasis or kidney stones. The colorimetric detections were based on enzymatic reactions using oxalate oxidase and uricase for oxalate and UA, respectively, while an indicator displacement assay (IDA) using a copper murexide complex was applied for citrate detection. The developed μPAD was successfully applied for simultaneous determination of the three biomarkers in urine within 25 min, with linear ranges of 2-40, 5-150, and 5-45 mg L-1 and detection limits of 0.6, 2.9 and 3.1 mg L-1 for oxalate, UA, and citrate, respectively. The values of the percent relative standard deviation (% RSD) were lower than 6.4% for inter-day and intraday measurements of oxalate, citrate and UA standards spiked in urine samples with recovery percentages in the range of 81.0-109.8%, indicating acceptable accuracy and precision of the developed method for determination of the three biomarkers in urine samples. Accordingly, the developed μPAD holds great promise to be a simple, fast, inexpensive, low-sample and reagent volume, reliable and portable tool for simultaneous determination of oxalate, citrate and UA in urine, especially for on-site analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manassawee Janrod
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Monpichar Srisa-Art
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Hauser J, Dale M, Beck O, Schwenk JM, Stemme G, Fredolini C, Roxhed N. Microfluidic Device for Patient-Centric Multiplexed Assays with Readout in Centralized Laboratories. Anal Chem 2022; 95:1350-1358. [PMID: 36548393 PMCID: PMC9850402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Patient-centric sampling strategies, where the patient performs self-sampling and ships the sample to a centralized laboratory for readout, are on the verge of widespread adaptation. However, the key to a successful patient-centric workflow is user-friendliness, with few noncritical user interactions, and simple, ideally biohazard-free shipment. Here, we present a capillary-driven microfluidic device designed to perform the critical biomarker capturing step of a multiplexed immunoassay at the time of sample collection. On-chip sample drying enables biohazard-free shipment and allows us to make use of advanced analytics of specialized laboratories that offer the needed analytical sensitivity, reliability, and affordability. Using C-Reactive Protein, MCP1, S100B, IGFBP1, and IL6 as model blood biomarkers, we demonstrate the multiplexing capability and applicability of the device to a patient-centric workflow. The presented quantification of a biomarker panel opens up new possibilities for e-doctor and e-health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janosch Hauser
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Micro and Nanosystems, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matilda Dale
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Affinity Proteomics, Science for Life
Laboratory, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Olof Beck
- Karolinska
Institutet, Clinical Neuroscience, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jochen M. Schwenk
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Affinity Proteomics, Science for Life
Laboratory, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Göran Stemme
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Micro and Nanosystems, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claudia Fredolini
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Affinity Proteomics, Science for Life
Laboratory, 17165 Solna, Sweden,
| | - Niclas Roxhed
- KTH
Royal Institute of Technology, Micro and Nanosystems, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden,MedTechLabs,
BioClinicum, Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Solna, Sweden,
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Spore-based innovative paper-strip biosensor for the rapid detection of ß-lactam group in milk. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21965. [PMID: 36536009 PMCID: PMC9763390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The study's goal was to develop a spore-based paper strip biosensor for detecting ß-lactam antibiotics in milk using the enzyme induction principle. A new spore-based paper strip biosensor has been developed after important operating parameters such as spore volume, substrate volume, exposure time and temperature, and incubation time and temperature were optimised. The limit of detection for various ß-lactam antibiotics, including amoxicillin, penicillin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, cloxacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, cephalothin, cefalexin, cefoxitin, cefazolin, and cefuroxime, was determined in milk with detection sensitivity of 1 ppb, 2 ppb, 2 ppb, 10 ppb, 10 ppb, 10 ppb, 20 ppb, 10 ppb 1000 ppb, 10 ppb 300 ppb and 100 ppb, respectively. It was also tested with other contaminants such non-ß-lactam antibiotics, pesticides, aflatoxin, heavy metals, and other chemical contaminants, and no interference was found, indicating that the created biosensor had a low rate of false positive and negative results. In comparison to the AOAC-approved CHARM-ROSA ß-lactam strip test, which identified 7 raw milk and zero pasteurised milk samples positive for ß-lactam antibiotics, the sensor was further analysed and verified using 200 raw milk and 105 pasteurised milk samples. This indicates a perfect match between our biosensor and the AOAC-approved CHARM-ROSA ß-lactam strip test. The developed spore-based paper strip biosensors are expected to be useful in the rapid and cost-effective detection of ß-lactam antibiotic residues in milk samples at the dairy farm, reception dock, and production units, respectively.
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Gildner TE, Eick GN, Schneider AL, Madimenos FC, Snodgrass JJ. After Theranos: Using point-of-care testing to advance measures of health biomarkers in human biology research. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23689. [PMID: 34669210 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The rise and fall of the health technology startup Theranos is emblematic of the promise and peril of point-of-care testing (POCT). Instruments that deliver immediate results from minimally invasive samples at the location of collection can provide powerful tools to deliver health data in clinical and public health contexts. Yet, POCT availability is driven largely by market interests, which limits the development of inexpensive tests for diverse health conditions that can be used in resource-limited settings. These constraints, combined with complex regulatory hurdles and substantial ethical challenges, have contributed to the underutilization of POCT in human biology research. METHODS We evaluate current POCT capabilities and limitations, discuss promising applications for POCT devices in resource-limited settings, and discuss the future of POCT. RESULTS As evidenced by publication trends, POCT platforms have rapidly advanced in recent years, gaining traction among clinicians and health researchers. We highlight POCT devices of potential interest to population-based researchers and present specific examples of POCT applications in human biology research. CONCLUSIONS Several barriers can limit POCT applications, including cost, lack of regulatory approval for non-clinical use, requirements for expensive equipment, and the dearth of validation in remote field conditions. Despite these issues, we see immense potential for emerging POCT technology capable of analyzing new sample types and used in conjunction with increasingly common technology (e.g., smart phones). We argue that the fallout from Theranos may ultimately provide an opportunity to advance POCT, leading to more ethical data collection and novel opportunities in human biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa E Gildner
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Geeta N Eick
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
| | - Alaina L Schneider
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - J Josh Snodgrass
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.,Center for Global Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA
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11
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Jin Y, Aziz AUR, Wu B, Lv Y, Zhang H, Li N, Liu B, Zhang Z. The Road to Unconventional Detections: Paper-Based Microfluidic Chips. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1835. [PMID: 36363856 PMCID: PMC9696303 DOI: 10.3390/mi13111835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Conventional detectors are mostly made up of complicated structures that are hard to use. A paper-based microfluidic chip, however, combines the advantages of being small, efficient, easy to process, and environmentally friendly. The paper-based microfluidic chips for biomedical applications focus on efficiency, accuracy, integration, and innovation. Therefore, continuous progress is observed in the transition from single-channel detection to multi-channel detection and in the shift from qualitative detection to quantitative detection. These developments improved the efficiency and accuracy of single-cell substance detection. Paper-based microfluidic chips can provide insight into a variety of fields, including biomedicine and other related fields. This review looks at how paper-based microfluidic chips are prepared, analyzed, and used to help with both biomedical development and functional integration, ideally at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Jin
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- School of Life Science and Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Aziz ur Rehman Aziz
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Bin Wu
- China Certification and Inspection Group Liaoning Co., Ltd., Dalian 116039, China
| | - Ying Lv
- China Certification and Inspection Group Liaoning Co., Ltd., Dalian 116039, China
| | - Hangyu Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Na Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhengyao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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12
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C.C.G. Carneiro M, Rodrigues LR, Moreira FT, Goreti F. Sales M. Paper-based ELISA for fast CA 15–3 detection in point-of-care. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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13
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Rezaee T, Fazel-Zarandi R, Karimi A, Ensafi AA. Metal-organic frameworks for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 221:115026. [PMID: 36113325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials provide unprecedented opportunities for evaluating valuable compounds for various medical applications. MOFs merged with biomolecules, used as novel biomaterials, have become particularly useful in biological environments. Bio-MOFs can be promising materials in the global to avoid utilization above toxicological substances. Bio-MOFs with crystallin and porosity nature offer flexible structure via bio-linker and metal node variation, which improves their wide applicability in medical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Rezaee
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | | | - Afsaneh Karimi
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Ali A Ensafi
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Adjunct Professor, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
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14
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Chavez‐Pineda OG, Rodriguez‐Moncayo R, Cedillo‐Alcantar DF, Guevara‐Pantoja PE, Amador‐Hernandez JU, Garcia‐Cordero JL. Microfluidic systems for the analysis of blood‐derived molecular biomarkers. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:1667-1700. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oriana G. Chavez‐Pineda
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies Applied to Biomedicine (LMAB) Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav) Monterrey Nuevo León Mexico
| | - Roberto Rodriguez‐Moncayo
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies Applied to Biomedicine (LMAB) Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav) Monterrey Nuevo León Mexico
| | - Diana F. Cedillo‐Alcantar
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies Applied to Biomedicine (LMAB) Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav) Monterrey Nuevo León Mexico
| | - Pablo E. Guevara‐Pantoja
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies Applied to Biomedicine (LMAB) Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav) Monterrey Nuevo León Mexico
| | - Josue U. Amador‐Hernandez
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies Applied to Biomedicine (LMAB) Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav) Monterrey Nuevo León Mexico
| | - Jose L. Garcia‐Cordero
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies Applied to Biomedicine (LMAB) Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav) Monterrey Nuevo León Mexico
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering (ITB) Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel Basel Switzerland
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15
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He F, Lv X, Li X, Yao M, Li K, Deng Y. Fluorescent microspheres lateral flow assay integrated with Smartphone-based reader for multiple microRNAs detection. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Low-cost, point-of-care biomarker quantification. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 76:102738. [PMID: 35679813 PMCID: PMC9807261 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost, point-of-care (POC) devices that allow fast, on-site disease diagnosis could have a major global health impact, particularly if they can provide quantitative measurement of molecules indicative of a diseased state (biomarkers). Accurate quantification of biomarkers in patient samples is already challenging when research-grade, sophisticated equipment is available; it is even more difficult when constrained to simple, cost-effective POC platforms. Here, we summarize the main challenges to accurate, low-cost POC biomarker quantification. We also review recent efforts to develop and implement POC tools beyond qualitative readouts, and we conclude by identifying important future research directions.
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17
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Plot-on-demand integrated paper-based sensors for drop-volume voltammetric monitoring of Pb(II) and Cd(II) using a bismuth nanoparticle-modified electrode. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:240. [PMID: 35641709 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of fully ink-drawn fluidic electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) is reported for the determination of trace Pb(II) and Cd(II) by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). The fluidic pattern was formed on the paper substrate using an inexpensive computer-controlled x-y plotter and a commercial hydrophobic marker pen. Then, electrodes were deposited on the devices using a second x-y plotting step with a commercial technical pen filled with a graphite-based conductive ink prepared in house. The fabrication parameters of the ePADs were studied by cyclic voltammetry using the ferro/ferri couple as a probe and by scanning electron microscopy. The ePADs, featuring a bismuth nanoparticle-modified working electrode, were applied to the determination of Pb(II) and Cd(II) by DPASV. The chemical and instrumental conditions were studied. The limits of detection were 3.1 μg L-1 for Cd(II) and 4.5 μg L-1 for Pb(II) whereas the between-device reproducibility (expressed as the % relative standard deviation of the response at 6 different ePADs) was < 14%. Each ePAD requires 120 s to fabricate and costs less than 0.15 € in terms of consumables. The ePADs are suitable for the on-site determination of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in environmental and food samples.
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18
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Carneiro MCCG, Rodrigues LR, Moreira FTC, Sales MGF. Colorimetric Paper-Based Sensors against Cancer Biomarkers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22093221. [PMID: 35590912 PMCID: PMC9102172 DOI: 10.3390/s22093221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Detection and quantification of cancer biomarkers plays a critical role in cancer early diagnosis, screening, and treatment. Clinicians, particularly in developing countries, deal with high costs and limited resources for diagnostic systems. Using low-cost substrates to develop sensor devices could be very helpful. The interest in paper-based sensors with colorimetric detection increased exponentially in the last decade as they meet the criteria for point-of-care (PoC) devices. Cellulose and different nanomaterials have been used as substrate and colorimetric probes, respectively, for these types of devices in their different designs as spot tests, lateral-flow assays, dipsticks, and microfluidic paper-based devices (μPADs), offering low-cost and disposable devices. However, the main challenge with these devices is their low sensitivity and lack of efficiency in performing quantitative measurements. This review includes an overview of the use of paper for the development of sensing devices focusing on colorimetric detection and their application to cancer biomarkers. We highlight recent works reporting the use of paper in the development of colorimetric sensors for cancer biomarkers, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and others. Finally, we discuss the main advantages of these types of devices and highlight their major pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C. C. G. Carneiro
- BioMark@ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal;
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Minho University (CEB), 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.R.R.); (M.G.F.S.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ligia R. Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Minho University (CEB), 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.R.R.); (M.G.F.S.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Felismina T. C. Moreira
- BioMark@ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal;
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Minho University (CEB), 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.R.R.); (M.G.F.S.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Goreti F. Sales
- Centre of Biological Engineering, Minho University (CEB), 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (L.R.R.); (M.G.F.S.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- BioMark@UC, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Coimbra University, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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19
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Liu Y, Huang Y, Wu M, Kong S, Cao W, Li S, Yan G, Liu B, Yang P, Zhang Q, Qiao L, Shen H. Microfluidic free‐flow paper electrochromatography for continuous separation of glycans. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Liu
- Fudan University Institutes of Biomedical Sciences CHINA
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- Fudan University Institutes of Biomedical Sciences CHINA
| | - Mengxi Wu
- Fudan University Institutes of Biomedical Sciences CHINA
| | - Siyuan Kong
- Fudan University Institutes of Biomedical Sciences CHINA
| | - Weiqian Cao
- Fudan University Institutes of Biomedical Sciences CHINA
| | - Shunxiang Li
- Fudan University Institutes of Biomedical Sciences CHINA
| | - Guoqun Yan
- Fudan University Institutes of Biomedical Sciences CHINA
| | | | - Pengyuan Yang
- Fudan University Institutes of Biomedical Sciences CHINA
| | - Quanqing Zhang
- University of California Riverside Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Liang Qiao
- Fudan University Chemistry Songhu Road 2005 200438 Shanghai CHINA
| | - Huali Shen
- Fudan University Institutes of Biomedical Sciences CHINA
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20
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Resmi PE, Suneesh PV, Ramachandran T, Babu TGS. Paper based micro/nanofluidics devices for biomedical applications. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 186:159-190. [PMID: 35033283 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This chapter details the significance, fabrication and biomedical applications of paper-based microfluidic devices. The first part of the chapter describes the importance of paper diagnostic devices, highlighting pretreatment, dipsticks, lateral flow assays, and microPADs. Various methods followed for the fabrication of the paper analytical devices are discussed in the second part. The last part is about some of the important biomedical applications of paper analytical devices. Finally, the challenges and research gaps in the paper microfluidics for biomedical applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Resmi
- Amrita Biosensor Research Lab, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - P V Suneesh
- Amrita Biosensor Research Lab, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India; Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - T Ramachandran
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - T G Satheesh Babu
- Amrita Biosensor Research Lab, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India; Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India.
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21
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Ortiz-Martínez M, Flores-DelaToba R, González-González M, Rito-Palomares M. Current Challenges and Future Trends of Enzymatic Paper-Based Point-of-Care Testing for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:482. [PMID: 34940239 PMCID: PMC8699572 DOI: 10.3390/bios11120482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A point-of-care (POC) can be defined as an in vitro diagnostic test that can provide results within minutes. It has gained enormous attention as a promising tool for biomarkers detection and diagnosis, as well as for screening of chronic noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is one of the metabolic disorders that has grown exponentially in recent years, becoming one of the greatest challenges to health systems. Early detection and accurate diagnosis of this disorder are essential to provide adequate treatments. However, efforts to reduce incidence should remain not only in these stages but in developing continuous monitoring strategies. Diabetes-monitoring tools must be accessible and affordable; thus, POC platforms are attractive, especially paper-based ones. Paper-based POCs are simple and portable, can use different matrixes, do not require highly trained staff, and are less expensive than other platforms. These advantages enhance the viability of its application in low-income countries and hard-to-reach zones. This review aims to present a critical summary of the main components required to create a sensitive and affordable enzymatic paper-based POC, as well as an oriented analysis to highlight the main limitations and challenges of current POC devices for diabetes type 2 monitoring and future research opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mirna González-González
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64710, NL, Mexico; (M.O.-M.); (R.F.-D.)
| | - Marco Rito-Palomares
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64710, NL, Mexico; (M.O.-M.); (R.F.-D.)
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22
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Ozer T, Henry CS. Paper-based analytical devices for virus detection: Recent strategies for current and future pandemics. Trends Analyt Chem 2021; 144:116424. [PMID: 34462612 PMCID: PMC8387141 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The importance of user-friendly, inexpensive, sensitive, and selective detection of viruses has been highlighted again due to the recent Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Among the analytical tools, paper-based devices (PADs) have become a leading alternative for point-of-care (POC) testing. In this review, we discuss the recent development strategies and applications in nucleic acid-based, antibody/antigen-based and other affinity-based PADs using optical and electrochemical detection methods for sensing viruses. In addition, advantages and drawbacks of presented PADs are identified. Current state and insights towards future perspectives are presented regarding developing POC diagnosis platform for COVID-19. This review considers state-of-the-art technologies for further development and improvement in PADs performance for virus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Ozer
- Yildiz Technical University, Faculty of Chemical-Metallurgical Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, 34220, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Charles S Henry
- Colorado State University, Department of Chemistry, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Colorado State University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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23
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Smartphone-Based Chemiluminescent Origami µPAD for the Rapid Assessment of Glucose Blood Levels. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11100381. [PMID: 34677337 PMCID: PMC8533763 DOI: 10.3390/bios11100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper analytical devices (µPADs) represent one of the most appealing trends in the development of simple and inexpensive analytical systems for diagnostic applications at the point of care (POC). Herein, we describe a smartphone-based origami µPAD for the quantitative determination of glucose in blood samples based on the glucose oxidase-catalyzed oxidation of glucose leading to hydrogen peroxide, which is then detected by means of the luminol/hexacyanoferrate(III) chemiluminescent (CL) system. By exploiting the foldable µPAD format, a two-step analytical procedure has been implemented. First, the diluted blood sample was added, and hydrogen peroxide was accumulated, then the biosensor was folded, and a transport buffer was added to bring hydrogen peroxide in contact with CL reagents, thus promoting the CL reaction. To enable POC applicability, the reagents required for the assay were preloaded in the µPAD so that no chemicals handling was required, and a 3D-printed portable device was developed for measuring the CL emission using the smartphone’s CMOS camera. The µPAD was stable for 30-day storage at room temperature and the assay, displaying a limit of detection of 10 µmol L−1, proved able to identify both hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic blood samples in less than 20 min.
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24
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Development of a High-Throughput Low-Cost Approach for Fabricating Fully Drawn Paper-Based Analytical Devices Using Commercial Writing Tools. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9070178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the development and optimization of a rapid and low-cost pen-on-paper plotting approach for the fabrication of paper-based analytical devices (PADs) using commercial writing stationery. The desired fluidic patterns were drawn on the paper substrate with commercial marker pens using an inexpensive computer-controlled x–y plotter. For the fabrication of electrochemical PADs, electrodes were further deposited on the devices using a second x–y plotting step with commercial writing pencils. The effect of the fabrication parameters (type of paper, type of marker pen, type of pencil, plotting speed, number of passes, single- vs. double-sided plotting), the chemical resistance of the plotted devices to different solvents and the structural rigidity to multiple loading cycles were assessed. The analytical utility of these devices is demonstrated through application in optical sensing of total phenols using reflectance calorimetry and in electrochemical sensing of paracetamol and ascorbic acid. The proposed manufacturing approach is simple, low cost, flexible, rapid and fit-for-purpose and enables the fabrication of sub-“one-dollar” PADs with satisfactory mechanical and chemical resistance and good analytical performance.
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25
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Lee WC, Ng HY, Hou CY, Lee CT, Fu LM. Recent advances in lab-on-paper diagnostic devices using blood samples. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:1433-1453. [PMID: 33881033 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01304h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lab-on-paper, or microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs), use paper as a substrate material, and are patterned with a system of microchannels, reaction zones and sensing elements to perform analysis and detection. The sample transfer in such devices is performed by capillary action. As a result, external driving forces are not required, and hence the size and cost of the device are significantly reduced. Lab-on-paper devices have thus attracted significant attention for point-of-care medical diagnostic purposes in recent years, particularly in less-developed regions of the world lacking medical resources and infrastructures. This review discusses the major advances in lab-on-paper technology for blood analysis and diagnosis in the past five years. The review focuses particularly on the many clinical applications of lab-on-paper devices, including diabetes diagnosis, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) detection, kidney function diagnosis, liver function diagnosis, cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) analysis, sickle-cell disease (SCD) and phenylketonuria (PKU) analysis, virus analysis, C-reactive protein (CRP) analysis, blood ion analysis, cancer factor analysis, and drug analysis. The review commences by introducing the basic transmission principles, fabrication methods, structural characteristics, detection techniques, and sample pretreatment process of modern lab-on-paper devices. A comprehensive review of the most recent applications of lab-on-paper devices to the diagnosis of common human diseases using blood samples is then presented. The review concludes with a brief summary of the main challenges and opportunities facing the lab-on-paper technology field in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chin Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan.
| | - Hwee-Yeong Ng
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Te Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan.
| | - Lung-Ming Fu
- Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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26
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Li W, Zhang X, Li T, Ji Y, Li R. Molecularly imprinted polymer-enhanced biomimetic paper-based analytical devices: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1148:238196. [PMID: 33516379 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The popularization of paper-based analytical devices (PADs) in analytical science has fostered research on enhancing their analytical performance for accurate and sensitive assays. With their superb recognition capability and structural stability, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been extensively employed as biomimetic receptors for capturing target analytes in various complex matrices. The integration of MIPs as recognition elements with PADs (MIP-PADs) has opened new opportunities for advanced analytical devices with elevated selectivity and sensitivity, as well as a shorter assay time and a lower cost. This review covers recent advances in MIP-PAD fabrication and engineering based on multifarious signal transduction systems such as colorimetry, fluorescence, electrochemistry, photoelectrochemistry, and chemiluminescence. The application of MIP-PADs in the fields of biomedical diagnostics, environmental analysis, and food safety monitoring is also reviewed. Further, the advantages, challenges, and perspectives of MIP-PADs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Ruijun Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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27
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Khamcharoen W, Siangproh W. A multilayer microfluidic paper coupled with an electrochemical platform developed for sample separation and detection of dopamine. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02271g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A new construction of a multilayer electrochemical microfluidic paper-based analytical device using a single drop of the sample solution was performed for highly selective detection of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisarut Khamcharoen
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Srinakharinwirot University
- Bangkok 10110
- Thailand
| | - Weena Siangproh
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Srinakharinwirot University
- Bangkok 10110
- Thailand
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28
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Dabbagh SR, Becher E, Ghaderinezhad F, Havlucu H, Ozcan O, Ozkan M, Yetisen AK, Tasoglu S. Increasing the packing density of assays in paper-based microfluidic devices. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2021; 15:011502. [PMID: 33569089 PMCID: PMC7864678 DOI: 10.1063/5.0042816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based devices have a wide range of applications in point-of-care diagnostics, environmental analysis, and food monitoring. Paper-based devices can be deployed to resource-limited countries and remote settings in developed countries. Paper-based point-of-care devices can provide access to diagnostic assays without significant user training to perform the tests accurately and timely. The market penetration of paper-based assays requires decreased device fabrication costs, including larger packing density of assays (i.e., closely packed features) and minimization of assay reagents. In this review, we discuss fabrication methods that allow for increasing packing density and generating closely packed features in paper-based devices. To ensure that the paper-based device is low-cost, advanced fabrication methods have been developed for the mass production of closely packed assays. These emerging methods will enable minimizing the volume of required samples (e.g., liquid biopsies) and reagents in paper-based microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elaina Becher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Fariba Ghaderinezhad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Hayati Havlucu
- Koç University Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR), Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Ozcan
- Koç University Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR), Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Mehmed Ozkan
- Boğaziçi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Çengelköy, Istanbul 34684, Turkey
| | - Ali Kemal Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Morais AL, Rijo P, Batanero Hernán MB, Nicolai M. Biomolecules and Electrochemical Tools in Chronic Non-Communicable Disease Surveillance: A Systematic Review. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10090121. [PMID: 32927739 PMCID: PMC7560036 DOI: 10.3390/bios10090121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over recent three decades, the electrochemical techniques have become widely used in biological identification and detection, because it presents optimum features for efficient and sensitive molecular detection of organic compounds, being able to trace quantities with a minimum of reagents and sample manipulation. Given these special features, electrochemical techniques are regularly exploited in disease diagnosis and monitoring. Specifically, amperometric electrochemical analysis has proven to be quite suitable for the detection of physiological biomarkers in monitoring health conditions, as well as toward the control of reactive oxygen species released in the course of oxidative burst during inflammatory events. Besides, electrochemical detection techniques involve a simple and swift assessment that provides a low detection-limit for most of the molecules enclosed biological fluids and related to non-transmittable morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lúcia Morais
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona Research Centre for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.M.); (P.R.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá, Ctra. A2, Km 33.600–Campus Universitario, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Patrícia Rijo
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona Research Centre for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.M.); (P.R.)
- iMed.ULisboa-Research Institute for Medicines and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa—Faculdade de Farmácia, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - María Belén Batanero Hernán
- Department of Organic & Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alcalá, 28805 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.B.B.H.); (M.N.)
| | - Marisa Nicolai
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona Research Centre for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.L.M.); (P.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.B.B.H.); (M.N.)
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Distance-based paper device using polydiacetylene liposome as a chromogenic substance for rapid and in-field analysis of quaternary ammonium compounds. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3221-3230. [PMID: 32242258 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02583-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This work presents an affordable distance-based microfluidic paper-based device (μPAD), using polydiacetylene (PDA) liposome as a chromogenic substance with a smartphone-based photo editor, for rapid and in-field analysis of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) (e.g., didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), benzyldimethyltetradecyl ammonium chloride (BAC), and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)). In-field analysis of these compounds is important to ensure their antimicrobial activity and user safety since they are widely utilized as disinfectants in households and hospitals. The μPAD featured a thermometer-like shape consisting of a sample reservoir and a microchannel as the detection zone, which was pre-deposited with PDA liposome. The color change from blue to red appeared in the presence of QACs and the color bar lengths were proportional to the QAC concentrations. Reactions of QACs with the PDA required a specific pH range (from pH 4.0 to 10.0) and a readout time of 7 min. Analytical performance characteristics of the device were tested with DDAC, BAC, and CPC showing acceptable specificity, accuracy (96.1-109.4%), and precision (%RSDs ≤ 9.3%). Limits of detection and quantitation were in the ranges of 20 to 80 and 70 to 250 μM, respectively. Feasibility of the newly developed device was demonstrated for in-field analysis of QACs in fumigation solution providing comparable results with those obtained from a colorimetric assay (P > 0.05). The proposed device shows potentials for further applications of other analytes since it offers speed, simplicity, and affordability for in-field analysis, especially in remote areas where expertise, resources, and infrastructures are limited. Graphical abstract.
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Mani NK, Das SS, Dawn S, Chakraborty S. Electro-kinetically driven route for highly sensitive blood pathology on a paper-based device. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:615-620. [PMID: 31891191 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Enhancing the sensitivity of colorimetric detection in paper-devices is a quintessential step in achieving frugal diagnosis. Here, we demonstrate an effective way of improving the detection sensitivity of paper-based devices, as mediated by electro-kinetic mechanisms. By directly employing blood plasma, we investigate the electro-kinetic clustering of glucose, a neutral molecule in paper devices. Under the influence of uniform electric field, dispersed glucose gets accumulated in the paper strips. Due to the combination of EOF and electrophoretic migration, we achieve twofold increase in the colour intensity for both normal and diabetic samples. This approach is robust and possesses better sensitivity than conventional colorimetric assays and can be easily extended to other body fluid based diagnosis. These results may turn out to be of profound importance in improving the quality of pathological diagnosis in low-cost paper-based point-of-care devices deployed in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Kumar Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Sankha Shuvra Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Sayantan Dawn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Suman Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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Marques AC, Pinheiro T, Martins GV, Cardoso AR, Martins R, Sales MG, Fortunato E. Non-enzymatic lab-on-paper devices for biosensing applications. COMPREHENSIVE ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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