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Komaru S, Matsuo S, Iwamatsu T, Taneda A, Negishi H. Monitoring the Yogurt Fermentation Process and Analysis of Flavor Compounds using a Novel Ion Mobility Spectrometer. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.68.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Alikord M, Mohammadi A, Kamankesh M, Shariatifar N. Food safety and quality assessment: comprehensive review and recent trends in the applications of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4833-4866. [PMID: 33554631 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1879003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is an analytical separation and diagnostic technique that is simple and sensitive and a rapid response and low-priced technique for detecting trace levels of chemical compounds in different matrices. Chemical agents and environmental contaminants are successfully detected by IMS and have been recently considered to employ in food safety. In addition, IMS uses stand-alone or coupled analytical diagnostic tools with chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Scientific publications show that IMS has been applied 21% in the pharmaceutical industry, 9% in environmental studies and 13% in quality control and food safety. Nevertheless, applications of IMS in food safety and quality analysis have not been adequately explored. This review presents the IMS-related analysis and focuses on the application of IMS in food safety and quality. This review presents the important topics including detection of traces of chemicals, rate of food spoilage and freshness, food adulteration and authenticity as well as natural toxins, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, veterinary, and growth promoter drug residues. Further, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), acrylamide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), biogenic amines, nitrosamine, furfural, phenolic compounds, heavy metals, food packaging materials, melamine, and food additives were also examined for the first time. Therefore, it is logical to predict that the application of the IMS technique in food safety, food quality, and contaminant analysis will be impressively increased in the future. HighlightsCurrent status of IMS for residues and contaminant detection in food safety.To assess all the detected contaminants in food safety, for the first time.Identified IMS-related parameters and chemical compounds in food safety control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Alikord
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdorreza Mohammadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Kamankesh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Nabi Shariatifar
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Halal Research Center of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Detection of illegal treatment of table tennis rackets using gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry - A feasibility study. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1154:338227. [PMID: 33736818 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In all professional sports, performance pressure is high at the top level. Therefore, rules are defined and controlled to keep sports fair in accordance e.g. with the Agenda 21 of the International Olympic Committee. However, it's about money and honour and as a consequence it is obvious that the athletes will go to the limits at all levels or even beyond. This is not only true for performance-enhancing substances to improve the physical capacity but - when sports equipment is involved - also for their optimisation. Thus, rules and related controls are necessary with regard to fairness between competitors but also with regard to their health when chemicals are involved. In table tennis, such chemicals (so-called boosters) are used occasionally - but against the rules - to improve the performance of the rackets. In the present study, several boosters were analysed as well as numerous common racket coverings using ion mobility spectrometry coupled to gas-chromatographic pre-separation. After optimisation of sampling with regard to improving reproducibility, characteristic patterns of volatiles for booster compounds and for racket coverings with different characteristics were developed successfully. In particular, signals related to particular softening agents could be identified and detected even in the untreated coverings. The patterns of volatiles were found to be characteristic for the particular boosters investigated as well as for the particular coverings. Furthermore, those patterns enable a differentiation between booster and covering or - in other words - between rule-consistent racket coverings and rule violation by after treatment of the rubber with a booster. After adaptation of the entire procedure to realistic competition situations, the method could be used for proving an infringement against the prohibition of applying such compounds.
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Characterization of Arabica and Robusta Coffees by Ion Mobility Sum Spectrum. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20113123. [PMID: 32486481 PMCID: PMC7309026 DOI: 10.3390/s20113123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Aroma is one of the main characteristics of coffee specimens. Different mixtures of Arabica and Robusta coffees are usually found in the market to offer specific aroma or flavor profiles to consumers. However, the mixed samples or their proportions are not always identified in the product labels. Since the price of Arabica is much higher than that of Robusta, this lack of information is not only an economical issue but a possible fraud to consumers, besides the potential allergic reaction that these mixtures may trigger in some individuals. In this paper, two sample preparation techniques were compared before the analysis of the total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) found in Robusta, Arabica, and in the mixture from both coffee types. The comparison of the signals obtained from the analyses showed that the VOCs concentration levels obtained from the headspace (HS) analyses were clearly higher than those obtained from the pre-concentration step where an adsorbent, an active charcoal strip (ACS + HS), was used. In the second part of this study, the possibility of using the headspace gas-chromatography ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) for the discrimination between Arabica, Robusta, and mixed coffee samples (n = 30) was evaluated. The ion mobility sum spectrum (IMSS) obtained from the analysis of the HS was used in combination with pattern recognition techniques, namely linear discrimination analysis (LDA), as an electronic nose. The identification of individual compounds was not carried out since chromatographic information was not used. This novel approach allowed the correct discrimination (100%) of all of the samples. A characteristic fingerprint for each type of coffee for a fast and easy identification was also developed. In addition, the developed method is ecofriendly, so it is a good alternative to traditional approaches.
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Vautz W, Seifert L, Mohammadi M, Klinkenberg IAG, Liedtke S. Detection of axillary perspiration metabolites using ion mobility spectrometry coupled to rapid gas chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 412:223-232. [PMID: 31836923 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02262-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The composition of human sweat-and as a consequence the composition of volatiles released from human skin-strongly depends on genetic preconditions, diet, stress, personal hygiene but also on health status and medication. Accordingly, the composition is a carrier of information on the physical and mental states of a person. Therefore, rapid on-site analysis of the relevant substances may be used for medical diagnosis and medication control or even for psychological characterisation. Ion mobility spectrometry coupled to rapid gas chromatography (GC-IMS) was applied to the analysis of human axillary sweat as a sensitive, selective, rapid, and non-invasive method in a feasibility study. For this purpose, a sampling chamber was designed and manufactured. The design and the experimental setup were validated successfully. At least 179 human metabolites could be detected by GC-IMS from the skin of 7 volunteers. Fifteen metabolites were available in all samples from all volunteers and therefore can be characterised as basic sweat compounds which might enable the localisation of hidden persons. Furthermore, in a preliminary feasibility study, the potential of GC-IMS for differentiating the composition of sweat after physical exercises and in a stressful situation-even gender specific-could be demonstrated. Thus, with GC-IMS, a rapid and mobile analytical tool for the analysis of skin volatiles is available for a broad range of applications, e.g. with regard to axillary odour, human health, nutrition, consumption of remedies or drugs of abuse, the localisation of trapped or hidden persons, or even the characterisation of the reaction on stressful situations. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Vautz
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany. .,ION-GAS GmbH, Konrad-Adenauer-Allee 11, 44263, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Luzia Seifert
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marziyeh Mohammadi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Isabelle A G Klinkenberg
- Institute of Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, Malmedyweg 15, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sascha Liedtke
- ION-GAS GmbH, Konrad-Adenauer-Allee 11, 44263, Dortmund, Germany
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Metternich S, Zörntlein S, Schönberger T, Huhn C. Ion mobility spectrometry as a fast screening tool for synthetic cannabinoids to uncover drug trafficking in jail via herbal mixtures, paper, food, and cosmetics. Drug Test Anal 2019; 11:833-846. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Metternich
- State Office of Criminal Investigation Rhineland‐PalatinateDepartment of Forensic Science Mainz Germany
| | - Siegfried Zörntlein
- State Office of Criminal Investigation Rhineland‐PalatinateDepartment of Forensic Science Mainz Germany
| | | | - Carolin Huhn
- Eberhard Karls Universität TübingenInstitute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Tübingen Germany
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Comparing patterns of volatile organic compounds exhaled in breath after consumption of two infant formulae with a different lipid structure: a randomized trial. Sci Rep 2019; 9:554. [PMID: 30679671 PMCID: PMC6346115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Infant formulae have been used since decades as an alternative to or a complement to human milk. Human milk, the "gold standard" of infant nutrition, has been studied for its properties in order to create infant formulae that bring similar benefits to the infant. One of the characteristics of milk is the size of the lipid droplets which is known to affect the digestion, gastric emptying and triglyceride metabolism. In the current study a concept infant milk formula with large, phospholipid coating of lipid droplets (mode diameter 3-5 μm; NUTURIS, further described as "active"), was compared to a commercially available formula milk characterised by smaller lipid droplets, further described as "control" (both products derived from Nutricia). We investigated whether we could find an effect of lipid droplet size on volatile compounds in exhaled air upon ingestion of either product. For that purpose, exhaled breath was collected from a group of 29 healthy, non-smoking adult males before ingestion of a study product (baseline measurements, T0) and at the following time points after the test meal: 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath were detected by gas chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. Any differences in the time course of VOCs patterns upon intake of active and control products were investigated by regularised multivariate analysis of variance (rMANOVA). The rMANOVA analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the exhaled breath composition 240 min after ingestion of the active formula compared to control product (p-value < 0.0001), but did not show significant changes between active and control product at any earlier time points. A set of eight VOCs in exhaled breath had the highest contribution to the difference found at 240 minutes between the two formulas. A set of ten VOCs was different between baseline and the two formulae at T240 with p-value < 0.0001. To our knowledge this is the first study that shows the ability of VOCs in exhaled breath to monitor metabolic effects after ingestion of infant formulae with different lipid structure. The statistically significant differences in compound abundance found between active and control formula milk may be related to: (i) specific differences in the digestion, (ii) absorption of lipids and proteins and (iii) assimilation of the products in the gut.
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Aria M, Sorribes-Soriano A, Jafari M, Nourbakhsh F, Esteve-Turrillas F, Armenta S, Herrero-Martínez J, de la Guardia M. Uptake and translocation monitoring of imidacloprid to chili and tomato plants by molecularly imprinting extraction - ion mobility spectrometry. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Liedtke S, Seifert L, Ahlmann N, Hariharan C, Franzke J, Vautz W. Coupling laser desorption with gas chromatography and ion mobility spectrometry for improved olive oil characterisation. Food Chem 2018; 255:323-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.01.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Abstract
While yeast is one of the most studied organisms, its intricate biology remains to be fully mapped and understood. This is especially the case when it comes to capture rapid, in vivo fluctuations of metabolite levels. Secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry SESI-HRMS is introduced here as a sensitive and noninvasive analytical technique for online monitoring of microbial metabolic activity. The power of this technique is exemplarily shown for baker’s yeast fermentation, for which the time-resolved abundance of about 300 metabolites is demonstrated. The results suggest that a large number of metabolites produced by yeast from glucose neither are reported in the literature nor are their biochemical origins deciphered. With the technique demonstrated here, researchers interested in distant disciplines such as yeast physiology and food quality will gain new insights into the biochemical capability of this simple eukaryote.
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Ratiu IA, Bocos-Bintintan V, Patrut A, Moll VH, Turner M, Thomas CLP. Discrimination of bacteria by rapid sensing their metabolic volatiles using an aspiration-type ion mobility spectrometer (a-IMS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry GC-MS. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 982:209-217. [PMID: 28734362 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of our study was to investigate whether one may quickly and reliably discriminate different microorganism strains by direct monitoring of the headspace atmosphere above their cultures. Headspace samples above a series of in vitro bacterial cultures were directly interrogated using an aspiration type ion mobility spectrometer (a-IMS), which produced distinct profiles ("fingerprints") of ion currents generated simultaneously by the detectors present inside the ion mobility cell. Data processing and analysis using principal component analysis showed net differences in the responses produced by volatiles emitted by various bacterial strains. Fingerprint assignments were conferred on the basis of product ion mobilities; ions of differing size and mass were deflected in a different degree upon their introduction of a transverse electric field, impacting finally on a series of capacitors (denominated as detectors, or channels) placed in a manner analogous to sensor arrays. Three microorganism strains were investigated - Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus; all strains possess a relatively low pathogenic character. Samples of air with a 5 cm3 volume from the headspace above the bacterial cultures in agar growth medium were collected using a gas-tight chromatographic syringe and injected inside the closed-loop pneumatic circuit of the breadboard a-IMS instrument model ChemPro-100i (Environics Oy, Finland), at a distance of about 1 cm from the ionization source. The resulting chemical fingerprints were produced within two seconds from the moment of injection. The sampling protocol involved to taking three replicate samples from each of 10 different cultures for a specific strain, during a total period of 72 h after the initial incubation - at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to discriminate between the IMS fingerprints. PCA was found to successfully discriminate between bacteria at three levels in the experimental campaign: 1) between blank samples from growth medium and samples from bacterial cultures, 2) between samples from different bacterial strains, and 3) between time evolutions of headspace samples from the same bacterial strain over the 3-day sampling period. Consistent classification between growth medium samples and growth medium inoculated with bacteria was observed in both positive and negative detection/ionization modes. In parallel, headspace air samples of 1 dm3 were collected from each bacterial culture and loaded onto Tenax™-Carbograph desorption tubes, using a custom built sampling unit based on a portable sampling pump. One sample was taken for each of 10 different cultures of a strain, at 24, 48 and 72 h after the initial incubation. These adsorption tubes were subsequently analyzed using thermal desorption - gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS). This second dataset was intended to produce a qualitative analysis of the volatiles present in the headspace above the bacterial cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Andreea Ratiu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, Str. Fântânele 30, Cluj-Napoca, RO-400294, Romania; Interdisciplinary Centre of Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 4 Wileńska Str., 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Victor Bocos-Bintintan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, Str. Fântânele 30, Cluj-Napoca, RO-400294, Romania
| | - Adrian Patrut
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, Str. Arany Janos 11, Cluj-Napoca, RO-400028, Romania
| | - Victor Hugo Moll
- Centre for Analytical Science, Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Ashley Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Turner
- Centre for Analytical Science, Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Ashley Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - C L Paul Thomas
- Centre for Analytical Science, Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Ashley Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
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Vautz W, Seifert L, Liedtke S, Hein D. GC/IMS and GC/MS analysis of pre-concentrated medical and biological samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12127-014-0146-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
Breath analysis is an attractive non-invasive method for diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. It uses endogenously produced compounds and metabolites of isotopically labeled precursors. In order to make such tests clinically useful, it is important to have relatively small portable instruments detecting volatile compounds within short time. A particularly promising analytical technique is ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) coupled to a multi capillary column (MCC). This paper focuses on demonstrating the suitability of breath analysis for pharmacokinetic applications using MCC-IMS with respect to practicability and reproducibility testing the model substrate eucalyptol. Validation of the MCC-IMS measurements were performed using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) and resulted in an excellent correspondence of the time-dependent concentrations presented by the two different analytical techniques. Moreover, the good accordance in variance of kinetic parameters with repeated measures, and the determined inter-subject differences indicate the eligibility of the analysis method.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Ruzsanyi
- Breath Research Institute of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Rathausplatz 4, A-6850 Dornbirn, Austria. Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Vautz W, Slodzynski R, Hariharan C, Seifert L, Nolte J, Fobbe R, Sielemann S, Lao BC, Huo R, Thomas CLP, Hildebrand L. Detection of Metabolites of Trapped Humans Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry Coupled with Gas Chromatography. Anal Chem 2013; 85:2135-42. [DOI: 10.1021/ac302752f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Vautz
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften−ISAS−e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Rafael Slodzynski
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften−ISAS−e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Chandrasekhara Hariharan
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften−ISAS−e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Luzia Seifert
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften−ISAS−e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jürgen Nolte
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften−ISAS−e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Rita Fobbe
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften−ISAS−e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Stefanie Sielemann
- Gesellschaft für analytische Sensorsysteme mbH (G.A.S.), Otto-Hahn-Straße
15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bolan C. Lao
- Gesellschaft für analytische Sensorsysteme mbH (G.A.S.), Otto-Hahn-Straße
15, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ran Huo
- Department of Chemistry, Centre
for Analytical Science, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - C. L. Paul Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Centre
for Analytical Science, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Lars Hildebrand
- Department of Computer
Science, University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn Street 16, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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The Role of Ion Mobility Spectrometry to Support the Food Protected Designation of Origin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59562-1.00009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Evaluation of fast volatile analysis for detection of Botrytis cinerea infections in strawberry. Food Microbiol 2012; 32:406-14. [PMID: 22986207 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2012.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Grey mold (Botrytis cinerea) is one of the major phytopathogens causing serious losses during strawberry postharvest and storage. B. cinerea-host interaction affect emissions of volatile compounds during infection resulting in a characteristic earthy, mushroom odor. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate two analytical techniques based on fast volatile analysis on their performance for monitoring evolution and early detection of B. cinerea infections in strawberry. In a first experiment headspace multi-capillary column-ion mobility spectrometry (HS MCC-IMS) has been successfully used to evaluate development of strawberry aroma during shelflife. In a second experiment the same technique has been used to detect the degree of B. cinerea infection through changes in the volatile profile. Additionally, these samples were analyzed with headspace solid-phase-microextraction fast GC-MS (HS SPME fast GC-MS). Both HS MCC-IMS and HS SPME fast GC-MS could determine the changes in volatile composition as a function of the degree of B. cinerea infection as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and could be used to follow the evolution of infection. According to the ELISA data, some fruit were infected even without any symptoms and volatiles produced by the fungus may be overshadowed by the fruit volatiles. Therefore, both analytical techniques could not be used for early detection of B. cinerea infections. After identification of the volatile compounds and multivariate data analysis, potential biomarkers specific for B. cinerea were highlighted, being 3-methylbutanal, cis-4-decenal, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 1-octen-3-one and 1-octen-3-ol.
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Kreuder AE, Buchinger H, Kreuer S, Volk T, Maddula S, Baumbach JI. Characterization of propofol in human breath of patients undergoing anesthesia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12127-011-0080-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Armenta S, Alcala M, Blanco M. A review of recent, unconventional applications of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). Anal Chim Acta 2011; 703:114-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ion characterisation by comparison of ion mobility spectrometry and mass spectrometry data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12127-010-0051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Bunkowski A. Software tool for coupling chromatographic total ion current dependencies of GC/MSD and MCC/IMS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12127-010-0045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vautz W, Nolte J, Bufe A, Baumbach JI, Peters M. Analyses of mouse breath with ion mobility spectrometry: a feasibility study. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2010; 108:697-704. [PMID: 20075263 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00658.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exhaled breath can provide comprehensive information about the metabolic state of the subject. Breath analysis carried out during animal experiments promises to increase the information obtained from a particular experiment significantly. This feasibility study should demonstrate the potential of ion mobility spectrometry for animal breath analysis, even for mice. In the framework of the feasibility study, an ion mobility spectrometer coupled with a multicapillary column for rapid preseparation was used to analyze the breath of orotracheally intubated spontaneously breathing mice during anesthesia for the very first time. The sampling procedure was validated successfully. Furthermore, the breath of four mice (2 healthy control mice, 2 with allergic airway inflammation) was analyzed. Twelve peaks were identified directly by comparison with a database. Additional mass spectrometric analyses were carried out for validation and for identification of unknown signals. Significantly different patterns of metabolites were detected in healthy mice compared with asthmatic mice, thus demonstrating the feasibility of analyzing mouse breath with ion mobility spectrometry. However, further investigations including a higher animal number for validation and identification of unknown signals are needed. Nevertheless, the results of the study demonstrate that the method is capable of rapid analyses of the breath of mice, thus significantly increasing the information obtained from each particular animal experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Vautz
- ISAS-Institute for Analytical Sciences, Department of Metabolomics, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Strasse 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
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Vautz W, Nolte J, Fobbe R, Baumbach JI. Breath analysis—performance and potential of ion mobility spectrometry. J Breath Res 2009; 3:036004. [DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/3/3/036004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Baumbach JI. Ion mobility spectrometry coupled with multi-capillary columns for metabolic profiling of human breath. J Breath Res 2009; 3:034001. [PMID: 21383463 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/3/3/034001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) started to be used for direct breath analysis with respect to metabolic profiling, biomarker finding and gas trace analysis. The present review describes the basic operation of an ion mobility spectrometer including the ionization process, humidity effects and sampling procedures. To enhance the resolution, pre-separation by multi-capillary columns (MCCs) is discussed and examples for IMS chromatograms are presented. The focus is to review the analytical method IMS with respect to potential use for direct investigations of humid air in direct breath analysis but not on detailed discussion of results of specific medical application of MCC/IMS or on specific analytes found in exhaled air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Ingo Baumbach
- ISAS-Institute for Analytical Sciences, Department of Metabolomics, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
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Schwarz K, Filipiak W, Amann A. Determining concentration patterns of volatile compounds in exhaled breath by PTR-MS. J Breath Res 2009; 3:027002. [PMID: 21383457 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7155/3/2/027002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) is a convenient technique for fast analysis of exhaled breath without prior sample preparation. Since compounds are not separated prior to analysis as in gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and since protonated molecules may fragment, relatively complex spectra may arise, which are not easily interpreted in a quantitative way. We calibrated 21 different compounds of importance for exhaled breath analysis, based on the respective pure standards diluted with nitrogen. These calibration measurements included determination of the fragmentation pattern of each compound under dry conditions and in the absence of CO(2). Even though the fragmentation pattern may be predicted in a qualitative manner, the quantitative details may depend on water and CO(2) content. This is exemplarily shown for isoprene. Out of the selected 21 compounds, 11 compounds showed substantial fragmentation (fragments proportion > 10%). Fragmentation of several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the drift tube of PTR-MS has been previously observed (Buhr et al 2002 Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 221 1-7; Taipale et al 2008 Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 8 9435-75; Hewitt et al 2003 J. Environ. Monit. 51-7; Warneke et al 2003 Environ. Sci. Technol. 37 2494-501; de Gouw and Warneke 2007 Mass Spectrom. Rev. 26 223-57; Pozo-Bayon et al 2008 J. Agric. Food Chem. 56 5278-84) and calibration factors for several compounds at corresponding mass-to-charge ratios have been calculated. In this paper, besides the calibration factors, the proportions of substantial fragments are also taken into account for a correct quantification in the case of overlapping signals. The spectrum of a mixture of the considered 21 compounds may be simulated. Conversely, the determination of concentrations from the spectrum of such a mixture is a linear optimization problem, whose solution is determined here using the simplex algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Schwarz
- Department of Operative Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Breath Research Unit of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Dammstrasse 22, A-6850 Dornbirn, Austria
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Vautz W, Bödeker B, Baumbach JI, Bader S, Westhoff M, Perl T. An implementable approach to obtain reproducible reduced ion mobility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12127-009-0018-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Eiceman G, Feng Y. Limits of separation of a multi-capillary column with mixtures of volatile organic compounds for a flame ionization detector and a differential mobility detector. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:985-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2008] [Revised: 11/13/2008] [Accepted: 11/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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