1
|
Thanomsit C, Khanchanasal P, Prasatkaew W, Nanuam J, Meemon P, Wattanakornsiri A, Nanthanawat P. Adverse effects of 2,4-D dimethylammonium based-herbicide on Acetylcholinesterase expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 106:104383. [PMID: 38320722 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the evaluation of a 2,4-D dimethylammonium based-herbicide impacted on Nile tilapia was done. The effects focus on Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expression in the brain, gill, muscle, and plasma using antibody techniques. Our findings revealed a decrease in AChE expression with prolonged exposure. For these, AChE was purified using hydroxyapatite column chromatography. Moreover, the isolated protein was characterized as AChE by Polyclonal Ab specific to AChE through the Western blot. For interpretation at the cellular and molecular level, we employed two analytical techniques, histology, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Alterations in the gill, liver, and muscle were observed to increase with increased exposure time. Field study concludes that AChE could serve as a biomarker to detect herbicide contamination in water and its accumulation in aquatic animals. This study may aid in surveillance and strategy formulation for managing contamination from such substances in various water sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chutima Thanomsit
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Surin Campus, Surin 32000, Thailand
| | - Prang Khanchanasal
- Agricultural and Technology Program, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Surin Campus, Surin 32000, Thailand
| | - Witchuda Prasatkaew
- Department of Environmental management, Faculty of Science and Technology, Dhonburi Rajabhat University, Samutprakan 10540, Thailand
| | - Jakkaphun Nanuam
- Office of Educational Affairs, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Panomsak Meemon
- School of Physics, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; Center of Excellent in Advanced Functional Material, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
| | - Amnuay Wattanakornsiri
- Department of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology,Surindra Rajabhat University, Surin 32000, Thailand
| | - Phochit Nanthanawat
- Office of Educational Affairs, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Anton BJ, Cornelius Ruhs E, White AM, Dehnert GK. Elucidating the effects of acute and chronic exposure to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) innate immunity. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 260:106571. [PMID: 37207488 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic herbicides, such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) formulations, are commonly used for invasive species management throughout the United States. Ecologically relevant concentrations of 2,4-D can impair essential behaviors, reduce survival, and act as an endocrine disruptor; however, there is limited knowledge of its effects on the health of non-target organisms. Here, we investigate the acute and chronic exposure impacts of 2,4-D on adult male and female fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) innate immune function. We exposed both adult male and female fathead minnows to three different ecologically relevant concentrations of 2,4-D (0.00, 0.40, and 4.00 mg/L) and took blood samples at three acute time points (6, 24, and 96 h) and one chronic time point (30 days). We found that male fatheads had higher total white blood cell concentrations when exposed to 2,4-D at the acute time points. For the females, only proportions of specific cell types were altered when exposed to 2,4-D at the acute time points. However, we did not observe any significant impacts of chronic exposure to 2,4-D on any innate immune responses for either males or females. Overall, this study is the first step in answering an important question for game fisheries and management agencies while providing insight to future studies that investigate the impacts of herbicide exposure to freshwater fish health and immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Anton
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Emily Cornelius Ruhs
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States; Grainger Bioinformatics Center, The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amber M White
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - Gavin K Dehnert
- Aquatic Science Center, Wisconsin Sea Grant, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cozzola AJ, Dehnert GK, White AM, Karasov WH. Effects of subchronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of a commercial fluridone formulation on fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 244:106098. [PMID: 35121564 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Invasive aquatic plants are a widespread problem in United States' waterways, and aquatic herbicide treatments are a common tool used in their management. Fluridone is an active ingredient in aquatic herbicides used globally to control aquatic plants. In order to be effective, fluridone requires a long contact time with plants resulting in extended exposure to non-target organisms. While there has been limited studies exploring the effects of fluridone on non-target aquatic organisms, the effects of subchronic commercial fluridone exposure at concentrations representative of operational use rates for plant management on fish are poorly understood. Therefore, we conducted a series of three exposure experiments using environmentally relevant concentrations on different life stages of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). We exposed fathead minnows to a commercial fluridone formulation, Spritflo®, at environmentally relevant concentrations of 0.00, 3.00, 12.00, 25.00, and 100.00 μg/L. Exposure times included subchronic periods up to 35 days and a trans-generation exposure of 65 days, which is a likely residence time of fluridone when applied for plant management. Following 30 days of fluridone exposure, adult male fish had an increased presence of nuptial tubercules, an indicator of endocrine disruption, and an enlarged liver compared to the control. Additionally, we conducted larval fish behavior experiments and found fluridone exposure negatively affected prey capture ability, locomotion, and position preference. Our findings suggest fluridone treatment concentrations used in aquatic plant management do not directly cause mortality in fathead minnows, though sub-lethal effects observed could cause a decline in biological fitness and pose potential ecological implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo J Cozzola
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
| | - Gavin K Dehnert
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amber M White
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - William H Karasov
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dehnert GK, Freitas MB, Sharma PP, Barry TP, Karasov WH. Impacts of subchronic exposure to a commercial 2,4-D herbicide on developmental stages of multiple freshwater fish species. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127638. [PMID: 32828049 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Invasive, nuisance aquatic species such as Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) are rapidly spreading across the United States. One common active ingredient used to control this invasive species is 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Application of 2,4-D to aquatic environments typically occurs while many freshwater fish are spawning and due to 2,4-D stability in aquatic environments, many non-target species experience prolonged exposure throughout embryogenesis and larval development. The impacts of 2,4-D exposure on phylogenetically distant fish species is poorly understood. Herein, we investigated the impacts of the 2,4-D commercial herbicide DMA4®IVM on nine freshwater fish species from six different families (four orders) at different points during ontogeny. Each species was exposed to ecologically relevant concentrations of a commercial 2,4-D herbicide (0.05, 0.50, and 2.00 ppm or mg/L 2,4-D a. e.), and effects on morphology, survival, and growth were evaluated. Our results demonstrate that exposure of embryonic and larval fish to ecologically relevant concentrations of a commercial 2,4-D herbicide reduced survival in early developmental stages of six freshwater species that spanned five phylogenetic families and three phylogenetic orders; however, sensitivity to 2,4-D exposure did not show correlation with phylogenetic proximity. Altogether, our results indicate that the use of 2,4-D herbicides in aquatic ecosystems at current recommended concentrations (≤2 ppm whole-lake treatment) could present risk to multiple freshwater fish species survival during early development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin K Dehnert
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Mariella B Freitas
- Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Vicosa - Vicosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Prashant P Sharma
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Terence P Barry
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - William H Karasov
- Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Brito GM, Roldi LL, Schetino MÂ, Checon Freitas JC, Cabral Coelho ER. High-performance of activated biocarbon based on agricultural biomass waste applied for 2,4-D herbicide removing from water: adsorption, kinetic and thermodynamic assessments. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2020; 55:767-782. [PMID: 32586186 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2020.1783178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Activated biocarbons were prepared using biomass wastes: sugarcane bagasse, coconut shell and endocarp of babassu coconut; as a renewable source of low-cost raw materials and without prior treatments. These activated biocarbons were characterized by textural analysis, solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electronic microscopy. Textural analysis results revealed that those activated biocarbons were microporous, with specific surface area values of 547, 991 and 1,068 m2 g-1 from sugarcane bagasse, coconut shell and endocarp of babassu coconut, respectively. The innovation of this work was to evaluate which biomass residue was able to offer the best performance in removing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicide (2,4-D) from water by adsorption. Adsorption process of 2,4-D was investigated and the Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson models described best the adsorption process, with R2 values within 0.96-0.99. The 2,4-D removal performance were 97% and 99% for the coconut and babassu biocarbons, respectively. qM parameter values obtained from Langmuir model were 153.9, 233.0 and 235.5 mg g-1 using sugarcane bagasse, coconut shell and endocarp of babassu, respectively. In addition, the adsorption kinetics were described nicely by the second-order model and the Gibbs free energy parameter values were negative, pointing to a spontaneous adsorption, as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Maia Brito
- Departament of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Larissa Lopes Roldi
- Departament of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Miguel Ângelo Schetino
- Laboratory of Carbon and Ceramic Materials, Department of Physics, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Jair C Checon Freitas
- Laboratory of Carbon and Ceramic Materials, Department of Physics, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Edumar R Cabral Coelho
- Departament of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|