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Vo-Bui NA, Rogers BA, Pegg EC. Modelling of longitudinally cut carrot curling induced by the vascular cylinder-cortex interference pressure. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 11:230420. [PMID: 38269078 PMCID: PMC10805594 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cut carrot pieces are popular convenience foods, which enable the use of misshapen or physiologically imperfect produce. Cut carrots curl due to residual stress, which limits their shelf life and causes unnecessary food waste. The aim of this study is to identify the geometrical and environmental factors which have the most influence on their longevity. An analytical equation was developed using compound cylinder solutions, and this was used to define carrot-specific finite element (FE) models. Over 100 longitudinally cut Lancashire Nantes carrot halves were characterized, each was modelled analytically and verified using FE models. This model was evaluated by comparing predicted curvatures to ones experimentally measured over a week. The average radius of curvature decreased from 1.61 to 1.1 m a week after. A 1.32× reduction in the elastic modulus after 7 days was observed. The moisture content reduction relates to 22% weight loss, correlating to the decreasing radius of curvature. Subsequently, carrots are recommended to be stored in humidity-controlled environments. The experimental results from this study match the predictions made using mechanical principles. The research provides a methodology to predict the deformation of cut root vegetables, and the procedure is likely to be applicable to other plant structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen A. Vo-Bui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Benedict A. Rogers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
- ART_AI CDT, Department of Computer Science, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Elise C. Pegg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
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2
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Xia Z, Wang R, Ma C, Li J, Lei J, Ji N, Pan X, Chen T. Effect of Controlled Atmosphere Packaging on the Physiology and Quality of Fresh-Cut Dictyophora rubrovolvata. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081665. [PMID: 37107460 PMCID: PMC10138049 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dictyophora rubrovolvata is a typical edible fungus of Guizhou Province and is very popular due to its unique taste and texture. In this study, the effect of a controlled atmosphere (CA) on fresh-cut D. rubrovolvata shelf life was investigated. Firstly, this study addresses the influence of different O2 concentrations (5%, 20%, 35%, 50%, 65%, 80%, or 95%) with N2 balance on fresh-cut D. rubrovolvata quality while stored at 4 ± 1 °C for 7 d. Then, on the basis of the determined O2 concentration (5%), CO2 (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, or 20%) was involved and stored for 8 d at 4 ± 1 °C. Evaluations of physiology parameters, texture, browning degree, nutritional, umami, volatile components, and total colony numbers were determined in fresh-cut D. rubrovolvata. From the results of water migration, the sample of 5% O2/5% CO2/90% N2 was closer to 0 d than other groups at 8 days. Meanwhile, the polyphenol oxidase (2.26 ± 0.07 U/(g·min)), and catalase activity (4.66 ± 0.08 U/(g·min·FW)) were superior to the samples of other treatment groups on the eighth day (3.04 ± 0.06 to 3.84 ± 0.10 U/(g·min), 4.02 ± 0.07 to 4.07 ± 0.07 U/(g·min·FW)). Therefore, we found that a gas environment with 5% O2/5% CO2/90% N2 could ensure the membrane integrity, oxidation, and prevent the browning of fresh-cut D. rubrovolvata, thus better maintaining the physiological parameters. Meanwhile, it also maintained the samples' texture, color, nutritional value, and umami taste. Furthermore, it inhibited the increase in total colony numbers. The volatile components were closer to the initial level compared with other groups. The results indicate that fresh-cut D. rubrovolvata could maintain its shelf life and quality when stored in 5% O2/5% CO2/90% N2 at 4 ± 1 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Xia
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Jiangkuo Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products, National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Produce, Tianjin 301699, China
| | - Jiqing Lei
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Ning Ji
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Xianxing Pan
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Tongjie Chen
- Gui Zhou Mei Wei Xian Dictyophora Industry Company Limited, Zhijin 552100, China
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3
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The Results of Laboratory Studies of the Device for Evaluation of Suitability of Potato Tubers for Mechanized Harvesting. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12042171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to substantiate the concept of a device for the evaluation of the suitability of varieties and hybrids of potato tubers for mechanical harvesting from the earliest stages of the selection process and to perform quantitative and structural assessment of damage to potato varieties and hybrids inflicted by the device, simulating the process of the harvester’s separating element operation depending on the machine type and harvesting conditions. The structural and operating diagram of the device for the evaluation of suitability of varieties and hybrids for mechanized harvesting has been developed, and the procedure and results of the study to determine the force action of the separating surface of the developed device on the potato tubers are presented. The device developed in accordance with the proposed conceptual scheme, further calibrated to account for modern potato harvesters would make it possible to conduct targeted selection of varieties suitable for mechanized cultivation, as well as to assess the degree of resistance of potato varieties to mechanized harvesting at early stages of selective and seed production works.
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4
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Evaluating Evaporative Cooling Assisted Solid Desiccant Dehumidification System for Agricultural Storage Application. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study aims to investigate Maisotsenko cycle evaporative cooling assisted solid desiccant air-conditioning (M-DAC) system for agricultural storage application. Conventional air-conditioning (AC) systems used for this application are refrigeration-based which are expensive as they consume excessive amount of primary-energy. In this regard, the study developed a lab-scale solid silica gel-based desiccant AC (DAC) system. Thermodynamic performance of the developed system was investigated using various adsorption/dehumidification and desorption/regeneration cycles. The system possesses maximum adsorption potential i.e., 4.88 g/kg-DA at higher regeneration temperature of 72.6 °C and long cycle time i.e., 60 min:60 min. Moreover, the system’s energy consumption performance was investigated from viewpoints of maximum latent, sensible, and total heat as well as latent heat ratio (LHR), which were found to be 0.64 kW, 1.16 kW, and 1.80 kW, respectively with maximum LHR of 0.49. Additionally, the study compared standalone DAC (S-DAC), and M-DAC system thermodynamically to investigate the feasibility of these systems from the viewpoints of temperature and relative humidity ranges, cooling potential (Qp), and coefficient of performance (COP). The S-DAC system showed temperature and relative humidity ranging from 39 °C to 48 °C, and 35% to 66%, respectively, with Qp and COP of 17.55 kJ/kg, and 0.37, respectively. Conversely, the M-DAC system showed temperature and relative humidity ranging from 17 °C to 25 °C, and 76% to 98%, respectively, with Qp and COP of 41.80 kJ/kg, and 0.87, respectively. Additionally, the study investigated respiratory heat generation rate (Qres), and heat transfer rate (Qrate) by agricultural products at different temperature gradient (∆T) and air velocity. The Qres and Qrate by the products were increased with ∆T and air velocity, respectively, thereby generating heat loads in the storage house. Therefore, the study suggests that the M-DAC system could be a potential AC option for agricultural storage application.
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5
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Han X, An X, Fadiji T, Li Z, Khojastehpour M. Textural thermo‐mechanical properties of sweet cherry for post‐harvest damage analysis. J Texture Stud 2022; 53:453-464. [DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Han
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Xue An
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Tobi Fadiji
- Postharvest Research Laboratory, Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Zhiguo Li
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi China
| | - Mehdi Khojastehpour
- Department of Biosystems Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
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6
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Ertuğrul Ö, Yılar M, Kır H, Kömekçi C. Some physical, chemical, and germination properties of
Peganum harmala
L. seeds. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Ertuğrul
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Kirşehir Turkey
| | - Melih Yılar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Kirşehir Turkey
| | - Hakan Kır
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Kirşehir Turkey
| | - Ceren Kömekçi
- Department of Agricultural Engineering and Technologies, Faculty of Agriculture Ege University İzmir Turkey
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7
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Zhu J, Zhu D, Wang L, Xue K, Liao J, Zhang S. Effects of compression damage on mechanical behavior and quality attributes of apple fruit. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.fstr-d-21-00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhu
- School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University
| | - Dequan Zhu
- Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment, Anhui Agricultural University
| | - Li Wang
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University
| | - Kang Xue
- School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University
| | - Juan Liao
- School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University
| | - Shun Zhang
- School of Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University
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8
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Lang Y, Xie Z, Chen L. Finite element simulation of mechanical properties of
Rosa roxburghii
under compression loading. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yancheng Lang
- School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China
| | - Zhiping Xie
- School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China
| | - Luqi Chen
- School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Guizhou Normal University Guiyang China
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9
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Rajkumar P, Abinaya K, Deepa J, Pandiselvam R, Rani CI, Parveen S. Development of a farmer‐friendly portable color sorter cum grader for tomatoes. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Rajkumar
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
| | - K. Abinaya
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
| | - J. Deepa
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
| | - R. Pandiselvam
- Division of Physiology, Biochemistry and Post‐Harvest Technology ICAR – Central Plantation Crops Research Institute Kasaragod Kerala 671 124 India
| | - C. Indu Rani
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
| | - S. Parveen
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore Tamil Nadu 641 003 India
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10
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Ahmadi Chenarbon H, Movahhed S. Assessment of physical and aerodynamic properties of corn kernel (
KSC
704). J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ahmadi Chenarbon
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Varamin ‐ Pishva Branch Islamic Azad University Varamin Iran
| | - Sara Movahhed
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Varamin ‐ Pishva Branch Islamic Azad University Varamin Iran
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11
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Su Y, Cui T, Xia G, Gao X, Li Y, Qiao M, Xu Y. Effects of different moisture content and varieties on physico–mechanical properties of maize kernel and pedicel. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Su
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Tao Cui
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Guoyi Xia
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Xiaojun Gao
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Yibo Li
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Mengmeng Qiao
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Yang Xu
- College of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
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12
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Morpho-Biometrical, Nutritional and Phytochemical Characterization of Carrot Landraces from Puglia Region (Southern Italy). SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13073940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The explorations as a part of the regional BiodiverSO Programme of vegetable genetic resource rescue revealed that in the arenili (sandy shores) of “Salterns of Margherita di Savoia” (SMS), a coastal landscape area of Puglia region (southern Italy), along the commercial genotypes of small rooting species, landraces are still cultivated. The morpho-biometrical, nutritional and phytochemical properties of two carrot landraces (“Carota a punta lunga” and “Carota a punta tonda”) and a commercial carrot hybrid (“Presto”) collected from the SMS area are examined. The study highlighted that the pedological conditions of the arenili of the SMS area are the main driving force in controlling the nutritional and nutraceutical characteristics of carrot, conferring to genotypes grown in this area a high profile in comparison with literature data. In the site of cultivation of arenili, a large variability in the morpho-qualitative traits emerged among carrot genotypes. “Carota a punta tonda” stands for a promising genotype being very rich in phenols (209.8 mg kg−1 fw) (mainly di-caffeic acid derivative and chlorogenic acid), ß-carotene (21,512 µg 100 g−1 fw), and high antioxidative proprieties. “Carota a punta tonda” could be considered as a healthy product for consumers and also amenable to selection for breeding purpose. Increasing the knowledge about nutritional and nutraceutical properties of local landraces may push the preference of consumers beyond the local community and, at the same time, farmers can be stimulated to continue their cultivation. Thus, the promotion of their on-farm/in situ conservation (cultivation) could represent an efficient strategy for agro-biodiversity preservation.
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13
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Larramendi A, Paul GS, Hsu SY. A review and reappraisal of the specific gravities of present and past multicellular organisms, with an emphasis on tetrapods. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 304:1833-1888. [PMID: 33258532 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The density, or specific gravity (SG), of organisms has numerous important implications for their form, function, ecology, and other facets of beings living and dead, and it is especially necessary to apply SG values that are as accurate as practical when estimating their masses which is itself a critical aspect of living things. Yet a comprehensive review and analysis of this notable subject of anatomy has never been conducted and published. This is such an effort, being as extensive as possible with the data on hand, bolstered by some additional observations, and new work focusing on extinct animals who densities are least unknown: pterosaurs and dinosaurs with extensive pneumatic complexes, including the most sophisticated effort to date for a sauropod. Often difficult to determine even via direct observation, techniques for obtaining the best possible SG data are explained and utilized, including observations of floating animals. Neutral specific gravity (NSG) is proposed as the most important value for tetrapods with respiratory tracts of fluctuating volume. SGs of organisms range from 0.08 to 2.6, plant tissues from 0.08 to 1.39, and vertebrates from about 0.75 (some giant pterosaurs) to 1.2 (those with heavy armor and/or skeletons). Tetrapod NSGs tend to be somewhat higher than widely thought, especially those theropod and sauropod dinosaurs and pterosaurs with air-sacs because respiratory system volume is usually measured at maximum inhalation in birds. Also discussed is evidence that the ratio of the mass of skeletons relative to total body mass has not been properly assayed in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Larramendi
- Eofauna Scientific Research, Errondo 6, 10c, Donostia, Basque Country, 20010, Spain
| | | | - Shu-Yu Hsu
- Eofauna Scientific Research, Errondo 6, 10c, Donostia, Basque Country, 20010, Spain
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14
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Azizi I, Esmaielpour B, Fatemi H. Effect of foliar application of selenium on morphological and physiological indices of savory ( Satureja hortensis) under cadmium stress. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:6539-6549. [PMID: 33312538 PMCID: PMC7723215 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal that pollutes the environment and affects plants physiologically and morphologically. Selenium is considered as a beneficial element, with effective roles in increasing plant tolerance to environmental stresses. A greenhouse factorial pot experiment was conducted to study the impact of selenium on traits of Savory plants under Cd stress. Experimental factors included soil contamination with cadmium (0, 75, 100, and 150 μM) and foliar spraying of selenium (0, 10, 20, and 40 μM of Sodium Selenate). Biomass, photosynthetic pigments including chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, proline, total soluble solids, cell membrane leakage, relative water content of leaves antioxidant enzymes, and Cd and Zn concentration in shoot and root were recorded. Results revealed that Cd stress decreased vegetative growth criteria, photosynthetic pigments include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid almost, 55%, 57%, 57%, and 68%, respectively, while poline, cell membrane leakage, peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) antioxidant enzymes were increased with increasing Cd concentrations. Foliar spray of selenium reduced the toxic effects of Cd stress on savory plants via enhancing of proline content and stimulation of CAT and POD enzymes and limitation of cell membrane leakage. Also, selenium foliar spray improved chlorophyll content under Cd stress condition and decreased cadmium accumulation 29% in root, respectively. In general, these results suggest that foliar application of selenium could mitigate Cd toxicity and improve growth and antioxidant capacity of savory under different level of cadmium heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraj Azizi
- Department of HorticultureUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran
| | | | - Hamideh Fatemi
- Department of HorticultureUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran
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15
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Eliaspour S, Seyed Sharifi R, Shirkhani A, Farzaneh S. Effects of biofertilizers and iron nano-oxide on maize yield and physiological properties under optimal irrigation and drought stress conditions. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:5985-5998. [PMID: 33282250 PMCID: PMC7684627 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this research, effects iron nano-oxide and biofertilizers and chemical was investigated on the yield and some traits of Maize under normal and drought stress conditions in two years (2018 and 2019). The experiment was performed in the form of split-spilt plot in a complete random block design with three replications. The studied irrigation treatment included three levels (normal, 85% and 65% optimum water requirement) in the main plots and iron nano-oxide at four levels (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 g/L) in subplots, and biofertilizers at four levels (noninoculation, inoculation with mycorrhiza, inoculation with pseudomonas and combined inoculation of mycorrhiza and pseudomonas) in sub-plots. The results showed that grain yield, 1000-grain weight, and leaf chlorophyll contents decreased by drought stress. Use of pseudomonas and mycorrhiza increased these traits in normal and stress conditions, but iron nano-oxide had no significant effect on the measured traits. Also, drought stress increased malondialdehyde, ion leakage, catalase, peroxidase, proline, and polyphenol oxidase in both light and severe stress regimes. The amount of antioxidant enzymes increased under drought stress conditions in corn. The results indicated that all the characteristics measured by double inoculation with Pseudomonas and Microoriza had the best performance in conditions of water shortage and the use of these biofertilizers increases yield, 1000-seed weight, and chlorophyll content of maize. Also, the use of biofertilizers modulates the effect of drought stress and reduces its negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Eliaspour
- Department of Agronomy and Plant BreedingFaculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran
| | - Raouf Seyed Sharifi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant BreedingFaculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran
| | - Ali Shirkhani
- Crops and Horticulture Research DepartmentKermanshah Agricultural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO)KermanshahIran
| | - Salim Farzaneh
- Department of Agronomy and Plant BreedingFaculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran
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17
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Babaei‐Ghaghelestany A, Alebrahim MT, MacGregor DR, Khatami SA, Hasani Nasab Farzaneh R. Evaluation of ultrasound technology to break seed dormancy of common lambsquarters ( Chenopodium album). Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:2662-2669. [PMID: 32566183 PMCID: PMC7300057 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although seed dormancy is advantageous for annual plants in the wild, unsynchronized germination in the laboratory leads to increased error in measurements. Therefore, techniques to promote and synchronize germination are routinely used. Ultrasound is one of the newest methods for breaking dormancy in weed seeds. We have investigated whether ultrasonic waves can be used to break seed dormancy of common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), a highly competitive annual weed that leads to significant reduction of yields of corn, soybeans, and sugar beets. Ultrasonic waves with frequency of 35 kH were applied for 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, and 30 min using a completely randomized design. The results showed that the use of ultrasound waves generally enhanced the traits under investigation in the treated samples compared with the control sample. The maximum enhancement of germination percentage (180%), seedling dry weight (78%), and seedling vigor index I (271%) and II (392%) was seen in the common lambsquarters samples treated with ultrasound for 15 min and seedling length (40%) at 30 min compared with the control samples. Radical lengths were not statistically different from controls under any treatment and plumule length only increased marginally. These changes are reflected in seedling vigor index I and II measurements. For some of these traits, increasing the length of ultrasound treatment to 30 min had negative effects. These results demonstrate that ultrasound technology can be used as a quick, and efficient nondestructive method to break seed dormancy in common lambsquarters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dana R. MacGregor
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
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18
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Kaushik A, Dwarakanath TA, Bhutani G, Moiyadi A, Chaudhari P. Validation of High Precision Robot-Assisted Methods for Intracranial Applications: Preliminary Study. World Neurosurg 2020; 137:71-77. [PMID: 32032794 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.01.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work attempts to simulate a robot-based autonomous targeted neurosurgical procedure such as biopsy on a vegetable specimen. The objective of the work is to validate the robot-based autonomous neuroregistration and neuronavigation for neurosurgery in terms of stereotactic navigation and target accuracy. CASE DESCRIPTION A vegetable (carrot) fixed in a tray was used as a model. The tray was affixed with multiple markers. The robot autonomously registers the subject precisely and subsequently accesses the target. The navigation trajectory closely follows the path from the entry point to the target point, as specified in the medical image. The replication of procedures reveals that the target accuracies are within 1 mm. The results based on the case studies are presented. Intricate cases in terms of entry hole size, depth, and size of the target are considered for both phantom and vegetable trials. CONCLUSIONS The results of the case studies show enhanced and consistent performance characteristics in terms of accuracy, precision, and repeatability with the added advantage of the economy of time. The case studies serve as validation for a high precision robot-assisted neuroregistration and neuronavigation task for neurosurgery and pave the way for further animal and human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kaushik
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
| | - T A Dwarakanath
- Division of Remote Handling & Robotics, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Gaurav Bhutani
- Division of Remote Handling & Robotics, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Aliasgar Moiyadi
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Pradip Chaudhari
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
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Abbaspour‐Gilandeh Y, Kaveh M, Jahanbakhshi A. The effect of microwave and convective dryer with ultrasound pre‐treatment on drying and quality properties of walnut kernel. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Abbaspour‐Gilandeh
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil Iran
| | - Mohammad Kaveh
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil Iran
| | - Ahmad Jahanbakhshi
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil Iran
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20
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Jahanbakhshi A, Abbaspour‐Gilandeh Y, Ghamari B, Heidarbeigi K. Assessment of physical, mechanical, and hydrodynamic properties in reducing postharvest losses of cantaloupe (
Cucumis melo
var.
Cantaloupensis
). J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jahanbakhshi
- Department of Biosystems EngineeringUniversity of Mohaghegh Ardabili Ardabil Iran
| | | | - Bahram Ghamari
- Department of Biosystems EngineeringIlam University Ilam Iran
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21
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Jahanbakhshi A, Kheiralipour K. Influence of vermicompost and sheep manure on mechanical properties of tomato fruit. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1172-1178. [PMID: 31024690 PMCID: PMC6475754 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical properties of the horticultural products play an important role in improving the products quality and storage life after harvesting and also reducing product waste. Recently, using organic fertilizers has increasing trend for producing high-quality products as well as improvement of soil quality. Two of the best options to produce organic material and sustainability of agricultural production are vermicompost and sheep manure. The present study relied on determination of mechanical properties through pressure and shear tests. Vermicompost and sheep manure were used separately to fertilize the soil. After planting tomato seeds and harvesting, tomato fruits were analyzed by a universal test machine. The results showed that vermicompost was a better fertilizer than sheep manure due to its more appropriate carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N), acidity, and salinity. Also, in the pressure test, the maximum force required for bruise of tomato produced with vermicompost (41.5N) was more than that of control sample (no fertilizer) and sheep manure. In the shearing test, the maximum force required for shearing tomato produced with vermicompost (58.60 N) was lower than that of control sample (no fertilizer) and sheep manure. The findings of this study can be used to reduce the amount of waste at different stages of tomato production and supply including the design and optimization of processing and transportation equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jahanbakhshi
- Department of Biosystems EngineeringUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran
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22
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Jahanbakhshi A, Rasooli Sharabiani V, Heidarbeigi K, Kaveh M, Taghinezhad E. Evaluation of engineering properties for waste control of tomato during harvesting and postharvesting. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1473-1481. [PMID: 31024721 PMCID: PMC6475739 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In Iran, more than 30% of agricultural products turn into waste at different stages from harvesting to consumption. Thus, main factors for performing of this present study are including of: (a) the importance of tomato as an agricultural product and (b) lack of information about reducing waste during tomato processing. In this study, some physical, nutritional, mechanical, and hydrodynamic properties of tomato were measured under standard conditions. Physical properties included the length, width, thickness, mean diameter (geometric and arithmetic), mass, volume, density, sphericity, surface area, and aspect ratio. Also, nutritional properties, moisture, dry matter, pH, total soluble solid (TSS), and titration acidity (TA) of tomato were evaluated. The mechanical properties of tomato (compression and shear) were measured using Instron instrument. The hydrodynamic properties were measured with water in transportation, separation, and sorting of tomatoes. The physical properties were including of length, width, thickness, mass, volume, and geometric and arithmetic mean diameters showed a direct relationship with the size of tomatoes. Also, volumetric mass (density) had an inverse relation with tomato size. Yield point and shear force were obtained 51.27 and 22.20 N, respectively. The nutritional properties such as pH value, TSS, and TA were equal to 4.22, 22.23οBrix, and 2%, respectively. The hydrodynamic properties of tomatoes such as the terminal velocity, the tomatoes' rise time in the water column, the buoyancy force, and the drag force were obtained to be equal to 0.05 m/s, 10.11 S, 0.52 N, and 0.17 N, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jahanbakhshi
- Department of Biosystems EngineeringUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran
| | | | | | - Mohammad Kaveh
- Department of Biosystems EngineeringUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran
| | - Ebrahim Taghinezhad
- Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Mohaghegh ArdabiliArdabilIran
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