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Dewarajan V, Elsayed N, Foo JB, Tor YS, Low SS, Chai WS. Immunomodulatory gene polymorphisms in non-small cell lung carcinoma susceptibility and survival. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33003. [PMID: 39021960 PMCID: PMC11252712 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) constitutes 85 % of all lung cancer cases. This malignancy is characterized by multifactorial risk factors, poor prognosis, and deplorable clinical outcome. Considerable evidence indicates that there is inter-individual variability in the lung cancer predisposition and survival due to genetic variations introduced by genetic polymorphisms between individuals, indirectly affecting the lung cancer susceptibility and the patient survival. In the past decades, immune landscape in the tumour environment and host immune response are constantly implicated as determining factor in NSCLC development and patients' survival. With the change of paradigm in NSCLC treatment to immunotherapy and increasing recognition of the role of the immune system in cancer development and survival, the inspection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in immunomodulated markers associated with the risk and prognosis for NSCLC is crucial. Despite extensive studies reported the implication of SNPs in predicting the risk and survival of NSCLC. SNPs in the genes that modulate immune response in NSCLC have not been reviewed before. Hence, this review uncovers the evidence on the genetic polymorphisms of immunomodulatory markers which include immune checkpoints, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemokines, interleukins, human leukocyte antigen and its receptors, and antigen presenting machinery genes, and their significance in the susceptibility, prognosis and survival in NSCLC. The identification of genetic factors associated with NSCLC risk and survival provides invaluable information for a greater comprehension of the pathogenesis and progression of the disease, also to refine prognosis and personalize clinical care in early and advanced-stages disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vithiya Dewarajan
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nourhan Elsayed
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jhi Biau Foo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Digital Health and Medical Advancement Impact Lab, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yin Sim Tor
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Digital Health and Medical Advancement Impact Lab, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sze Shin Low
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, PR China
| | - Wai Siong Chai
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, PR China
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2
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Wen S, Zou R, Du X, Pan R, Li R, Xia J, Xu C, Wang R, Jiang F, Zhou G, Feng J, Zhu M, Wang X, Shen B. Identification of macrophage-related genes correlated with prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27170. [PMID: 38500993 PMCID: PMC10945138 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant tumours, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pose a significant threat to human health due to their prevalence and lethality. Treatment methods for NSCLC vary greatly among individuals, making it crucial to identify predictive markers. Moreover, during tumour initiation and progression, tumour cells can release signaling molecules to induce polarization of macrophages towards a more tumour friendly M2 phenotype, which can promote tumour growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. Methods We employed a comprehensive approach, combining bulk RNA-seq and single-cell sequencing analysis. Results In our study, we used bulk RNA-seq and single-cell sequencing methods to analyze differential cells in NSCLC and adjacent tissues, searching for relevant marker genes that can predict prognosis and drug efficacy. We scrutinized biological phenomena such as macrophage-related gene methylation, copy number variation, and alternative splicing. Additionally, we utilized a co-culture technique of immune and tumour cells to explore the role of these genes in macrophage polarization. Our findings revealed distinct differences in macrophages between cancerous and adjacent tissues. We identified ANP32A, CCL20, ERAP2, MYD88, TMEM126B, TUBB6, and ZNF655 as macrophage-related genes that correlate with NSCLC patient prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy. Notably, ERAP2, TUBB6, CCL20, and TMEM126B can induce macrophage M0 to M2 polarization, promoting tumour proliferation. Conclusion These findings significantly contribute to our understanding of the NSCLC tumour immune microenvironment. They pave the way for further research into the potential of these genes as targets for regulating tumour occurrence and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaoyue Du
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Rongtian Pan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Rutao Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Jingwei Xia
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Ruotong Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Guoren Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Miaolin Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Jiangsu, Nanjing 21000, China
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3
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Pagadala M, Sears TJ, Wu VH, Pérez-Guijarro E, Kim H, Castro A, Talwar JV, Gonzalez-Colin C, Cao S, Schmiedel BJ, Goudarzi S, Kirani D, Au J, Zhang T, Landi T, Salem RM, Morris GP, Harismendy O, Patel SP, Alexandrov LB, Mesirov JP, Zanetti M, Day CP, Fan CC, Thompson WK, Merlino G, Gutkind JS, Vijayanand P, Carter H. Germline modifiers of the tumor immune microenvironment implicate drivers of cancer risk and immunotherapy response. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2744. [PMID: 37173324 PMCID: PMC10182072 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continued promise of immunotherapy for treating cancer, understanding how host genetics contributes to the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is essential to tailoring cancer screening and treatment strategies. Here, we study 1084 eQTLs affecting the TIME found through analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas and literature curation. These TIME eQTLs are enriched in areas of active transcription, and associate with gene expression in specific immune cell subsets, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. Polygenic score models built with TIME eQTLs reproducibly stratify cancer risk, survival and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response across independent cohorts. To assess whether an eQTL-informed approach could reveal potential cancer immunotherapy targets, we inhibit CTSS, a gene implicated by cancer risk and ICB response-associated polygenic models; CTSS inhibition results in slowed tumor growth and extended survival in vivo. These results validate the potential of integrating germline variation and TIME characteristics for uncovering potential targets for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana Pagadala
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Timothy J Sears
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Victoria H Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, UCSD Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Eva Pérez-Guijarro
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hyo Kim
- Undergraduate Bioengineering Program, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Andrea Castro
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - James V Talwar
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Steven Cao
- Division of Epidemiology, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | | | - Divya Kirani
- Undergraduate Biology and Bioinformatics Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jessica Au
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Tongwu Zhang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Rany M Salem
- Division of Epidemiology, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Gerald P Morris
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Olivier Harismendy
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sandip Pravin Patel
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Division of Hematology and Oncology, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ludmil B Alexandrov
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jill P Mesirov
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Maurizio Zanetti
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- The Laboratory of Immunology and Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Chi-Ping Day
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Chun Chieh Fan
- Center for Population Neuroscience and Genetics, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Division of Biostatistics, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Glenn Merlino
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Department of Pharmacology, UCSD Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Hannah Carter
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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A Comparative Review of Pregnancy and Cancer and Their Association with Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1 and 2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043454. [PMID: 36834865 PMCID: PMC9965492 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The fundamental basis of pregnancy and cancer is to determine the fate of the survival or the death of humanity. However, the development of fetuses and tumors share many similarities and differences, making them two sides of the same coin. This review presents an overview of the similarities and differences between pregnancy and cancer. In addition, we will also discuss the critical roles that Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase (ERAP) 1 and 2 may play in the immune system, cell migration, and angiogenesis, all of which are essential for fetal and tumor development. Even though the comprehensive understanding of ERAP2 lags that of ERAP1 due to the lack of an animal model, recent studies have shown that both enzymes are associated with an increased risk of several diseases, including pregnancy disorder pre-eclampsia (PE), recurrent miscarriages, and cancer. The exact mechanisms in both pregnancy and cancer need to be elucidated. Therefore, a deeper understanding of ERAP's role in diseases can make it a potential therapeutic target for pregnancy complications and cancer and offer greater insight into its impact on the immune system.
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Medeiros FS, da Silva MC, da Silva NCH, Gomes TT, Gomes RG, Paiva LA, dos Santos Gomes FO, Peixoto CA, Rygaard MCV, Welkovic S, Menezes MLB, Donadi EA, Lucena-Silva N. The antigen processing-associated transporter gene polymorphism: Role on gene and protein expression in HPV-infected pre-cancerous cervical lesion. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:979800. [PMID: 36619767 PMCID: PMC9811671 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.979800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major pathogen for cervical lesions. The evasion mechanism of the immune response and persistence of HPV infection can be influenced by polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes associated with transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP), which may change the peptide binding affinity or the TAP expression impacting the efficiency of peptide transport in the secretory pathway, and the presentation of peptides to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This study aimed to evaluate the role of the TAP1 and TAP2 polymorphisms, TAP1, and TAP2 genes expressions, and protein levels in cervical cells presenting different degrees of pre-cancerous lesions in 296 immunocompetent women infected or not by HPV. TAP SNPs were genotyped by Sanger sequencing, and gene expression by real-time PCR. Aneuploidy was determined by DNA index using flow cytometry. TAP-1 and TAP-2 tissue expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The Asp697Gly SNP of TAP1 presented a risk for cellular aneuploidy (P=0.0244). HPV+ women had higher TAP-2 mRNA (P=0.0212) and protein (P<0.0001) levels. The TAP2D and TAP2E haplotypes were associated with the risk for aneuploidy and pre-cancerous lesions. In conclusion, nucleotide variability at the peptide binding region of peptide transporter genes, particularly of the TAP2 gene, may influence the HPV-peptide transportation from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum, increasing the susceptibility to the development of high-grade cervical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Silva Medeiros
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Mauro César da Silva
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Thailany Thays Gomes
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Renan Garcia Gomes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Integral Medicine Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP) Hospital, Pediatric Oncology Service, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | - Christina Alves Peixoto
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Department of Entomology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Valença Rygaard
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Integral Medicine Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP) Hospital, Pediatric Oncology Service, Recife, Brazil
| | - Stefan Welkovic
- Integrated Health Center Amaury de Medeiros (CISAM), University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Antônio Donadi
- Clinical Immunology Division, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Norma Lucena-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Recife, Brazil,Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Integral Medicine Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP) Hospital, Pediatric Oncology Service, Recife, Brazil,*Correspondence: Norma Lucena-Silva, ;
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6
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The association of TAP polymorphisms with non-small-cell lung cancer in the Han Chinese population. Hum Immunol 2021; 82:917-922. [PMID: 34373132 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The host immune system plays a crucial role in multiple types of cancer, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) protein heterodimer complexes might promote intracellular antigen peptide binding with class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) molecules, and in recent years, TAP1 and TAP2 have been reported to be associated with multiple cancer risks. In the current study, we investigated the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TAP1 and TAP2 with NSCLC in a Han Chinese population. Six and seven TAP1 and TAP2 SNPs, respectively, were genotyped and analysed in healthy controls and NSCLC patients. Based on our data, none of the six SNPs in TAP1 is associated with NSCLC risk (P > 0.0038). However, rs2228396 alleles in TAP2 were significantly different between NSCLC patients and healthy controls, and the A allele might be associated with an increased risk of this cancer (P = 0.001, OR = 1.65, 95%CI: 1.23 ∼ 2.21). Moreover, the genotype frequencies of rs2228396 were significantly different between patients and healthy controls (P = 7 × 10-4). Additionally, TAP2 rs241441 alleles exhibited a trend of difference between NSCLC patients and healthy controls, with the C allele possibly being associated with increased risk of NSCLC (P = 0.013; OR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.06 ∼ 1.60). Moreover, the genotypes of rs241441 in TAP2 showed a significant difference between NSCLC patients and healthy controls (P = 1 × 10-4). In haplotype analysis, the TAP2 SNP haplotype (CAC, TAP2*0102) was significantly associated with increased NSCLC risk in the Han Chinese population (P = 0.003; OR = 1.57, 95%CI: 1.17 ∼ 2.10). Our results indicate that TAP2 SNPs (rs2228396 and rs241441) have a potential role in NSCLC pathogenesis.
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7
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Immunoproteasome Function in Normal and Malignant Hematopoiesis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071577. [PMID: 34206607 PMCID: PMC8305381 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a central part of protein homeostasis, degrading not only misfolded or oxidized proteins but also proteins with essential functions. The fact that a healthy hematopoietic system relies on the regulation of protein homeostasis and that alterations in the UPS can lead to malignant transformation makes the UPS an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Herein, inhibitors of the proteasome, the last and most important component of the UPS enzymatic cascade, have been approved for the treatment of these malignancies. However, their use has been associated with side effects, drug resistance, and relapse. Inhibitors of the immunoproteasome, a proteasomal variant constitutively expressed in the cells of hematopoietic origin, could potentially overcome the encountered problems of non-selective proteasome inhibition. Immunoproteasome inhibitors have demonstrated their efficacy and safety against inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, even though their development for the treatment of hematologic malignancies is still in the early phases. Various immunoproteasome inhibitors have shown promising preliminary results in pre-clinical studies, and one inhibitor is currently being investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Here, we will review data on immunoproteasome function and inhibition in hematopoietic cells and hematologic cancers.
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Yang J, Liu W, Yan Z, Li C, Liu S, Yang X, Li Y, Shi L, Yao Y. Polymorphisms in transporter associated with antigen presenting are associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer in a Chinese Han population. HLA 2021; 98:23-36. [PMID: 34050605 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The host immune system plays an important role in infectious diseases and cancers. The heterodimer formed by transporter associated with antigen presenting (TAP)1 and TAP2 is responsible for intracellular peptide loading onto MHC-I molecules. Studies have shown that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TAP genes might affect the expression and function of TAP and be associated with cancer risk. We aimed to investigate the association of SNPs in the TAP1 and TAP2 genes with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer (CC) in a Chinese Han population. Six SNPs in the TAP1 gene and seven in the TAP2 gene were selected. The 13 SNPs were genotyped in 1255 healthy individuals, 575 patients with CIN and 1034 patients with CC using the SNaPshot assay. The association between these SNPs and CIN and CC risk was analysed. The allelic and genotypic distributions of rs41549617 and rs1135216 showed significant differences between the control and CC groups (P < 0.0038). The T allele of rs41549617 was associated with a decreased risk of CC (OR = 0.476, 95%CI: 0.286-0.791). Moreover, the G allele of rs1135216 appears to be associated with a decreased risk of CC (OR = 0.746; 95%CI: 0.632-0.881). The allele and genotype distribution of rs241441 showed a significant difference between the control and CC groups (P < 0.0038), and the rs241441 G allele was associated with an increased risk of CC (OR = 1.232, 95%CI: 1.092-1.398). In addition, the results of the association between TAP alleles and CC showed that TAP1*020101 and TAP1*0301 have an association with CC (P = 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). Our results demonstrate that the TAP1 and TAP2 genes are associated with CC in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Weipeng Liu
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Zhiling Yan
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chuanyin Li
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Shuyuan Liu
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Obstetrics, The First People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
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Wiśniewski A, Sobczyński M, Pawełczyk K, Porębska I, Jasek M, Wagner M, Niepiekło-Miniewska W, Kowal A, Dubis J, Jędruchniewicz N, Kuśnierczyk P. Polymorphisms of Antigen-Presenting Machinery Genes in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Different Impact on Disease Risk and Clinical Parameters in Smokers and Never-Smokers. Front Immunol 2021; 12:664474. [PMID: 34149699 PMCID: PMC8212834 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.664474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is strongly associated with cigarette smoking; nevertheless some never-smokers develop cancer. Immune eradication of cancer cells is dependent on polymorphisms of HLA class I molecules and antigen-processing machinery (APM) components. We have already published highly significant associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ERAP1 gene with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Chinese, but not in Polish populations. However, the smoking status of participants was not known in the previous study. Here, we compared the distribution of APM polymorphic variants in larger cohorts of Polish patients with NSCLC and controls, stratified according to their smoking status. We found significant but opposite associations in never-smokers and in smokers of all tested SNPs (rs26653, rs2287987, rs30187, and rs27044) but one (rs26618) in ERAP1. No significant associations were seen in other genes. Haplotype analysis indicated that the distribution of many ERAP1/2 haplotypes is opposite, depending on smoking status. Additionally, haplotypic combination of low activity ERAP1 and the lack of an active form of ERAP2 seems to favor the disease in never-smokers. We also revealed interesting associations of some APM polymorphisms with: age at diagnosis (ERAP1 rs26653), disease stage (ERAP1 rs27044, PSMB9 rs17587), overall survival (ERAP1 rs30187), and response to chemotherapy (ERAP1 rs27044). The results presented here may suggest the important role for ERAP1 in the anti-cancer response, which is different in smokers versus never-smokers, depending to some extent on the presence of ERAP2, and affecting NSCLC clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wiśniewski
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maciej Sobczyński
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Konrad Pawełczyk
- Department and Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Irena Porębska
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Jasek
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Wagner
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wanda Niepiekło-Miniewska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aneta Kowal
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Dubis
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Natalia Jędruchniewicz
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuśnierczyk
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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10
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Gupta MK, Ramakrishna V. Identification of targeted molecules in cervical cancer by computational approaches. A THERANOSTIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE APPROACH FOR FEMALE-SPECIFIC CANCERS 2021:213-222. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822009-2.00011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
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11
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Polymorphisms in Processing and Antigen Presentation-Related Genes and Their Association with Host Susceptibility to Influenza A/H1N1 2009 Pandemic in a Mexican Mestizo Population. Viruses 2020; 12:v12111224. [PMID: 33138079 PMCID: PMC7692058 DOI: 10.3390/v12111224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The influenza A/H1N1 pdm09 virus rapidly spread throughout the world. Despite the inflammatory and virus-degradation pathways described in the pathogenesis of influenza A virus (IAV) infection, little is known about the role of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes involved in the processing and antigenic presentation-related mechanisms. (2) Methods: In this case-control study, we evaluated 17 SNPs in five genes (TAP1, TAP2, TAPBP, PSMB8, and PSMB9). One hundred and twenty-eight patients with influenza A/H1N1 infection (INF-P) and 111 healthy contacts (HC) were included; all of them are Mexican mestizo. (3) Results: In allele and genotype comparison, the rs241433/C allele (TAP2), as well as AG haplotype (rs3763365 and rs4148882), are associated with reduced risk for influenza A/H1N1 infection (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the rs2071888G allele (TAPBP) and GG haplotype (rs3763365 and rs9276810) are associated with a higher risk for influenza A/H1N1 infection. In addition, after adjustment for covariates, the association to a reduced risk for influenza A/H1N1 infection remains with rs241433/C allele (p < 0.0001, OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.13-0.43), and the association with TAPBP is also maintained with the G allele (p = 0.0095, OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.17-3.06) and GG genotype models (p < 0.05, OR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.27-3.74). (4) Conclusion: The rs241433/C allele and AC genotype (TAP2) and the AG haplotype are associated with a reduced risk for influenza A/H1N1 infection. In addition, the rs2071888/G allele and GG genotype (TAPBP) and the GG haplotype are associated with a higher risk for developing influenza A/H1N1 infection in a Mexican mestizo population.
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12
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Li C, Li Y, Yan Z, Dai S, Liu S, Wang X, Wang J, Zhang X, Shi L, Yao Y. Polymorphisms in endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase genes are associated with cervical cancer risk in a Chinese Han population. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:341. [PMID: 32321463 PMCID: PMC7178719 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06832-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antigen-processing machinery molecules play crucial roles in infectious diseases and cancers. Studies have shown that polymorphisms in endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP) genes can influence the enzymatic activity of ERAP proteins and are associated with the risk of diseases. In the current study, we evaluated the influence of ERAP gene (ERAP1 and ERAP2) polymorphisms on susceptibility to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. Methods Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ERAP1 and 5 SNPs in ERAP2 were selected and genotyped in 556 CIN patients, 1072 cervical cancer patients, and 1262 healthy control individuals. Candidate SNPs were genotyped using SNaPshot assay. And the association of these SNPs with CIN and cervical cancer was analysed. Results The results showed that allelic and genotypic frequencies of rs26653 in ERAP1 were significantly different between cervical cancer and control groups (P = 0.001 and 0.004). The allelic frequencies of rs27044 in ERAP1 and rs2287988 in ERAP2 were significantly different between control and cervical cancer groups (P = 0.003 and 0.004). Inheritance model analysis showed that genotypes of rs27044, rs26618, rs26653 and rs2287988 SNPs may be associated with the risk of cervical cancer (P = 0.003, 0.004, 0.001 and 0.002). Additionally, haplotype analysis results showed that the ERAP1 haplotype, rs27044C-rs30187T-rs26618T-rs26653G-rs3734016C, was associated with a lower risk of cervical cancer (P = 0.001). The ERAP2 haplotypes rs2549782G- rs2548538A-rs2248374A-rs2287988G-rs1056893T (P = 0.009 and 0.006) and rs2549782T-rs2548538T-rs2248374G-rs2287988A-rs1056893T (P = 0.003 and 0.009) might be associated with cervical cancer and the development from CIN to cervical cancer. Conclusion Our results indicated that rs27044, rs26618 and rs26653 in ERAP1 and rs2287988 in ERAP2 influenced susceptibility to cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyin Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Yaheng Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Zhiling Yan
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Shuying Dai
- School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shuyuan Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Li Shi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, China.
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13
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Reeves E, Islam Y, James E. ERAP1: a potential therapeutic target for a myriad of diseases. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:535-544. [PMID: 32249641 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1751821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is a key regulator of the peptide repertoire displayed by Major Histocompatibility Complex I (MHC I) to circulating CD8 + T cells and NK cells. Studies have highlighted the essential requirement for the generation of stable peptide MHC I in regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses in health and disease.Areas covered: We review the role of ERAP1 in peptide trimming of N-terminally extended precursors that enter the ER, before loading on to MHC I, and the consequence of loss or downregulation of this activity. Polymorphisms in ERAP1 form multiple combinations (allotypes) within the population, and we discuss the contribution of this ERAP1 variation, and expression, on disease pathogenesis, including the resulting effect on both innate and adaptive immunity. We consider the current efforts to design inhibitors based on approaches using rational design and small molecule screening, and the potential effect of pharmacological modulation on the treatment of autoimmunity and cancer.Expert opinion: ERAP1 is fundamental for the regulation of immune responses, through generation of the presented peptide repertoire at the cell surface. Modulation of ERAP1 function, through design of inhibitors, may serve as a vital tool for changing immune responses in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Reeves
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Yasmin Islam
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Edward James
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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14
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Saulle I, Vicentini C, Clerici M, Biasin M. An Overview on ERAP Roles in Infectious Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:E720. [PMID: 32183384 PMCID: PMC7140696 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) aminopeptidases ERAP1 and ERAP2 (ERAPs) are crucial enzymes shaping the major histocompatibility complex I (MHC I) immunopeptidome. In the ER, these enzymes cooperate in trimming the N-terminal residues from precursors peptides, so as to generate optimal-length antigens to fit into the MHC class I groove. Alteration or loss of ERAPs function significantly modify the repertoire of antigens presented by MHC I molecules, severely affecting the activation of both NK and CD8+ T cells. It is, therefore, conceivable that variations affecting the presentation of pathogen-derived antigens might result in an inadequate immune response and onset of disease. After the first evidence showing that ERAP1-deficient mice are not able to control Toxoplasma gondii infection, a number of studies have demonstrated that ERAPs are control factors for several infectious organisms. In this review we describe how susceptibility, development, and progression of some infectious diseases may be affected by different ERAPs variants, whose mechanism of action could be exploited for the setting of specific therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Saulle
- Cattedra di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche L. Sacco”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (C.V.); (M.B.)
- Cattedra di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Chiara Vicentini
- Cattedra di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche L. Sacco”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (C.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Mario Clerici
- Cattedra di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Biasin
- Cattedra di Immunologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche L. Sacco”, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (C.V.); (M.B.)
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15
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Babaie F, Hosseinzadeh R, Ebrazeh M, Seyfizadeh N, Aslani S, Salimi S, Hemmatzadeh M, Azizi G, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Mohammadi H. The roles of ERAP1 and ERAP2 in autoimmunity and cancer immunity: New insights and perspective. Mol Immunol 2020; 121:7-19. [PMID: 32135401 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmunity and cancer affect millions worldwide and both, in principal, result from dysregulated immune responses. There are many well-known molecules involved in immunological process playing as a double-edged sword, by which associating autoimmune diseases and cancer. In this regard, Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases (ERAP) 1, which belongs to the M1 family of aminopeptidases, plays a central role as a "molecular ruler", proteolyzing of N-terminal of the antigenic peptides before their loading onto HLA-I molecules for antigen presentation in the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER). Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) highlighted the significance of ERAP1 and ERAP2 in autoimmune diseases, including Ankylosing spondylitis, Psoriasis, Bechet's disease, and Birdshot chorioretinopathy, as well as in cancers. The expression of ERAP1/2 is mostly altered in different cancers compared to normal cells, but how this affects anti-cancer immune responses and cancer growth has been little explored. Recent studies on the immunological outcomes and the catalytic functions of ERAP1 and ERAP2 have provided a better understanding of their potential pathogenetic role in autoimmunity and cancer. In this review, we summarize the role of ERAP1 and ERAP2 in the autoimmune diseases and cancer immunity based on the recent advances in GWAS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Babaie
- Department of Immunology and Genetic, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ramin Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Ebrazeh
- Department of Biology, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran
| | - Narges Seyfizadeh
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Salimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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16
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HLA Class I Antigen Processing Machinery Defects in Cancer Cells-Frequency, Functional Significance, and Clinical Relevance with Special Emphasis on Their Role in T Cell-Based Immunotherapy of Malignant Disease. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2055:325-350. [PMID: 31502159 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9773-2_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MHC class I antigen abnormalities have been shown to be one of the major immune escape mechanisms murine and human cancer cells utilize to avoid recognition and destruction by host immune system. This mechanism has clinical relevance, since it is associated with poor prognosis and/or reduced patients' survival in many types of malignant diseases. The recent impressive clinical responses to T cell-based immunotherapies triggered by checkpoint inhibitors have rekindled tumor immunologists and clinical oncologists' interest in the analysis of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I antigen processing machinery (APM) expression and function in malignant cells. Abnormalities in the expression, regulation and/or function of components of this machinery have been associated with the development of resistances to T cell-based immunotherapies. In this review, following the description of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I APM organization and function, the information related to the frequency of defects in HLA class I APM component expression in various types of cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms is summarized. Then the impact of these defects on clinical response to T cell-based immunotherapies and strategies to revert this immune escape process are discussed.
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17
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Maben Z, Arya R, Rane D, An WF, Metkar S, Hickey M, Bender S, Ali A, Nguyen TT, Evnouchidou I, Schilling R, Stratikos E, Golden J, Stern LJ. Discovery of Selective Inhibitors of Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1. J Med Chem 2019; 63:103-121. [PMID: 31841350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
ERAP1 is an endoplasmic reticulum-resident zinc aminopeptidase that plays an important role in the immune system by trimming peptides for loading onto major histocompatibility complex proteins. Here, we report discovery of the first inhibitors selective for ERAP1 over its paralogues ERAP2 and IRAP. Compound 1 (N-(N-(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl)carbamimidoyl)-2,5-difluorobenzenesulfonamide) and compound 2 (1-(1-(4-acetylpiperazine-1-carbonyl)cyclohexyl)-3-(p-tolyl)urea) are competitive inhibitors of ERAP1 aminopeptidase activity. Compound 3 (4-methoxy-3-(N-(2-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfamoyl)benzoic acid) allosterically activates ERAP1's hydrolysis of fluorogenic and chromogenic amino acid substrates but competitively inhibits its activity toward a nonamer peptide representative of physiological substrates. Compounds 2 and 3 inhibit antigen presentation in a cellular assay. Compound 3 displays higher potency for an ERAP1 variant associated with increased risk of autoimmune disease. These inhibitors provide mechanistic insights into the determinants of specificity for ERAP1, ERAP2, and IRAP and offer a new therapeutic approach of specifically inhibiting ERAP1 activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Digamber Rane
- Kansas University Specialized Chemistry Center , Lawrence , Kansas 66047 , United States
| | - W Frank An
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Shailesh Metkar
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Marc Hickey
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Samantha Bender
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | | | | | - Irini Evnouchidou
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi, Athens 15341 , Greece
| | - Roger Schilling
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Efstratios Stratikos
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos , Agia Paraskevi, Athens 15341 , Greece
| | - Jennifer Golden
- Kansas University Specialized Chemistry Center , Lawrence , Kansas 66047 , United States
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18
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Textoris-Taube K, Cammann C, Henklein P, Topfstedt E, Ebstein F, Henze S, Liepe J, Zhao F, Schadendorf D, Dahlmann B, Uckert W, Paschen A, Mishto M, Seifert U. ER-aminopeptidase 1 determines the processing and presentation of an immunotherapy-relevant melanoma epitope. Eur J Immunol 2019; 50:270-283. [PMID: 31729751 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dissecting the different steps of the processing and presentation of tumor-associated antigens is a key aspect of immunotherapies enabling to tackle the immune response evasion attempts of cancer cells. The immunodominant glycoprotein gp100209-217 epitope, which is liberated from the melanoma differentiation antigen gp100PMEL17 , is part of immunotherapy trials. By analyzing different human melanoma cell lines, we here demonstrate that a pool of N-terminal extended peptides sharing the common minimal epitope is generated by melanoma proteasome subtypes. In vitro and in cellulo experiments indicate that ER-resident aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1)-but not ERAP2-defines the processing of this peptide pool thereby modulating the T-cell recognition of melanoma cells. By combining the outcomes of our studies and others, we can sketch the complex processing and endogenous presentation pathway of the gp100209-217 -containing epitope/peptides, which are produced by proteasomes and are translocated to the vesicular compartment through different pathways, where the precursor peptides that reach the endoplasmic reticulum are further processed by ERAP1. The latter step enhances the activation of epitope-specific T lymphocytes, which might be a target to improve the efficiency of anti-melanoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Textoris-Taube
- Shared Facility for Mass Spectrometry, Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clemens Cammann
- Friedrich Loeffler Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie-Virologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Petra Henklein
- Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eylin Topfstedt
- Friedrich Loeffler Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie-Virologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frédéric Ebstein
- Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Henze
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Juliane Liepe
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Fang Zhao
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Burkhardt Dahlmann
- Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Uckert
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz Gemeinschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Paschen
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michele Mishto
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology (CIBCI) & Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sul Cancro "Giorgio Prodi", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ulrike Seifert
- Friedrich Loeffler Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie-Virologie, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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19
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D’Alicandro V, Romania P, Melaiu O, Fruci D. Role of genetic variations on MHC class I antigen-processing genes in human cancer and viral-mediated diseases. Mol Immunol 2019; 113:11-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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Reeves E, Wood O, Ottensmeier CH, King EV, Thomas GJ, Elliott T, James E. HPV Epitope Processing Differences Correlate with ERAP1 Allotype and Extent of CD8 + T-cell Tumor Infiltration in OPSCC. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:1202-1213. [PMID: 31151965 PMCID: PMC6640044 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) predicts survival in many cancer types. In HPV-driven cancers, cervical and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC and OPSCC, respectively), numbers of infiltrating T cells, particularly CD8+ T cells, and presentation of HPV E6/E7 epitopes are associated with improved prognosis. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) regulates the presented peptide repertoire, trimming peptide precursors prior to MHC I loading. ERAP1 is polymorphic, and allotypic variation of ERAP1 enzyme activity has an impact on the presented peptide repertoire. Individual SNPs are associated with incidence and outcome in a number of diseases, including CSCC. Here, we highlight the requirement for ERAP1 in the generation of HPV E6/E7 epitopes and show that the functional activity of ERAP1 allotype combinations identified in OPSCC correlate with tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T-cell (CD8)/TIL (CD8/TIL) status of the tumor. Functional analyses revealed that ERAP1 allotype combinations associated with CD8/TILlow tumors have a reduced capacity to generate both a model antigen SIINFEHL and the HPV-16 E782-90 epitope LLMGTLGIV from N-terminally extended precursor peptides. In contrast, ERAP1 allotypes from CD8/TILhigh tumors generated the epitopes efficiently. These data reveal that ERAP1 function correlates with CD8/TIL numbers and, by implication, prognosis, suggesting that the presentation of HPV-16 epitopes at the cell surface, resulting in an anti-HPV T-cell response, may depend on the ERAP1 allotype combinations expressed within an individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Reeves
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Wood
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Christian H Ottensmeier
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Emma V King
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth J Thomas
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Elliott
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Edward James
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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21
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Liu R, Ma Y, Chen X. Quantitative assessment of the association between TAP2 rs241447 polymorphism and cancer risk. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15867-15873. [PMID: 31074096 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The findings regarding the relation of transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) to cancer risk have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the association between TAP2 rs241447 polymorphism and cancer susceptibility. A meta-analysis of nine investigations with 2800 cases and 1620 controls was conducted to gain a better understanding of the effect of TAP2 rs241447 polymorphism on cancer risk. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the strength of the correlation between TAP2 gene polymorphism and cancer susceptibility. The pooled results from TAP2 rs241447 polymorphism showed a decreased risk of cancer in two dominant genetic models (GG + AG vs AA: OR = 0.86, 95% CI, 0.75-0.99; AG vs AA: OR = 0.85, 95% CI, 0.73-0.99). From the subgroup analysis, decreased cancer susceptibility was found in Caucasians (GG + AG vs AA: OR = 0.82, 95% CI, 0.68-0.99), especially among the subgroup of cervical carcinoma (GG + AG vs AA: OR = 0.82, 95% CI, 0.69-0.96; AG vs AA: OR = 0.83, 95% CI, 0.70-0.99). Overall, the results suggest that TAP2 rs241447 polymorphism contributes to decreased cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongzeng Liu
- Department of Immunology, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Network Information Center, Children's Hospital of Kaifeng City, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiafei Chen
- Network Information Center, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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22
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Compagnone M, Cifaldi L, Fruci D. Regulation of ERAP1 and ERAP2 genes and their disfunction in human cancer. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:318-324. [PMID: 30825518 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) aminopeptidases ERAP1 and ERAP2 are two multifunctional enzymes playing an important role in the biological processes requiring trimming of substrates, including the generation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I binding peptides. In the absence of ERAP enzymes, the cells exhibit a different pool of peptides on their surface which can promote both NK and CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses. The expression of ERAP1 and ERAP2 is frequently altered in tumors, as compared to their normal counterparts, but how this affects tumor growth and anti-tumor immune responses has been little investigated. This review will provide an overview of current knowledge on transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulations of ERAP enzymes, and will discuss the contribution of recent studies to our understanding of ERAP1 and ERAP2 role in cancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Compagnone
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cifaldi
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Doriana Fruci
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00146 Rome, Italy.
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23
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Yao Y, Liu N, Zhou Z, Shi L. Influence of ERAP1 and ERAP2 gene polymorphisms on disease susceptibility in different populations. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:325-334. [PMID: 30797823 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases (ERAPs), ERAP1 and ERAP2, makes a role in shaping the HLA class I peptidome by trimming peptides to the optimal size in MHC-class I-mediated antigen presentation and educating the immune system to differentiate between self-derived and foreign antigens. Association studies have shown that genetic variations in ERAP1 and ERAP2 genes increase susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and cancers. Both ERAP1 and ERAP2 genes exhibit diverse polymorphisms in different populations, which may influence their susceptibly to the aforementioned diseases. In this article, we review the distribution of ERAP1 and ERAP2 gene polymorphisms in various populations; discuss the risk or protective influence of these gene polymorphisms in autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and cancers; and highlight how ERAP genetic variations can influence disease associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Yao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Ziyun Zhou
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China
| | - Li Shi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming 650118, China.
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24
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Li X, Yin G, Li J, Wu A, Yuan Z, Liang J, Sun Q. The Correlation Between TNF-α Promoter Gene Polymorphism and Genetic Susceptibility to Cervical Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2018; 17:1533033818782793. [PMID: 29940817 PMCID: PMC6048659 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818782793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the association between the susceptibility to cervical cancer and the
single nucleotide polymorphisms of 5 tumor necrosis factor-α promoter genes (rs361525,
rs1800629, rs1800750, rs1799964, and rs673) in Chinese women. A total of 946 peripheral
blood samples were collected from women of Han Ethnicity in Shandong province. Of them,
452 were diagnosed with cervical squamous cell carcinomas. The study also included a
control group of 494 healthy women. The targeted single nucleotide polymorphisms were
analyzed by TaqMan probe method. (1) The rate of high-risk subtype human papillomavirus
infection in exfoliated cervical epithelial cells was significantly higher in patients
with cervical cancer than the control group (91.4% vs 10.3%, P < .01).
The rate of human papillomavirus infection was lower in patients with carcinoma in situ
than those with invasive carcinoma (77.9% vs 95.4%, P < .01). (2)
There was a significant difference for rs361525 genotype (CC/CT/TT) between the control,
carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma groups (P < .001). Both
rs1800629 and rs1799964 genotypes (both GG/GA/AA) were also different between these groups
(P < .001 and P < .001). (3) The allele
frequencies of rs361525, rs1800629, and rs1799964 were significantly correlated with the
diagnosis of cervical cancer. The frequency of T allele in rs361525 was significantly
higher for cervical cancer group (10.8%) than control group (3.8%; odds ratio = 3.04, 95%
confidence interval = 1.76-5.25, P < .01). The frequency of A allele
in rs1800629 was significantly higher for cervical cancer (29.9%) than control group
(14.2%; odds ratio = 2.58, 95% confidence interval = 1.87-3.56, P <
.01). The frequency of A allele in rs1799964 was also higher for cervical cancer group
(38.3%) than control group (16.4%; odds ratio = 1.43, 95% confidence interval = 1.07-1.91,
P < .05). The rs361525, rs1800629, and rs17999645 were significantly
correlated with the diagnosis of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Li
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Geping Yin
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Juan Li
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Aifang Wu
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Zheng Yuan
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Liang
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Qinghua Sun
- 1 Department of Gynecology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China
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25
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Meng J, Li W, Zhang M, Hao Z, Fan S, Zhang L, Liang C. An update meta-analysis and systematic review of TAP polymorphisms as potential biomarkers for judging cancer risk. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1556-1563. [PMID: 30082158 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transporter associated with antigen processing protein (TAP) is a heterodimer protein consist of TAP1 and TAP2, act a pivotal part in the immune surveillance. In recent days, controversial relationships were reported between TAP polymorphisms and cancer risk, thus, a systematic meta-analysis was performed to resolve this discrepancy. METHODS We searched the PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang databases, the cited references were also manually searched again, covering all the papers published until March 25, 2018. Quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. All the meta-analysis was conducted with Stata version 12.0 software to assess the strength of the association. RESULTS 4719 cases and 4215 controls from 24 case-control studies related to TAP polymorphisms were enrolled. There was no significant association between TAP1-rs1135216, TAP1-rs4148873, TAP2-rs2228396, TAP2-rs241447 and TAP2-rs4148873 and cancer sensibility. Interestingly, a significant positive association was observed between TAP2 rs4148876 C/T polymorphism and increase cancer risk in homozygote and recessive models. Further in-silico results indicated the expression of TAP2 in cancer tissue is higher than that in normal tissue (cervical cancer, TPM = 70.2 vs. 24.0 respectively, P < 0.01; acute myeloid leukemia, TPM = 52.5 vs. 8.8 respectively, P < 0.01), and influence the survival time of acute myeloid leukemia patients (Log-rank P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our finding suggested that TAP1-rs1135216, TAP1-rs4148873, TAP2-rs2228396, TAP2-rs241447 and TAP2-rs4148873 might not be involved in cancer risk, but the T allele of TAP2-rs4148876 might be a potential biomarker for judging cancer risk, and larger-scale studies are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Meng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanzhen Li
- Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zongyao Hao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Song Fan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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26
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Papakyriakou A, Reeves E, Beton M, Mikolajek H, Douglas L, Cooper G, Elliott T, Werner JM, James E. The partial dissociation of MHC class I-bound peptides exposes their N terminus to trimming by endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:7538-7548. [PMID: 29599287 PMCID: PMC5961055 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) and ERAP2 process N-terminally extended antigenic precursors for optimal loading onto major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) molecules. We and others have demonstrated that ERAP1 processes peptides bound to MHC I, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. To this end, we utilized single-chain trimers (SCT) of the ovalbumin-derived epitope SIINFEKL (SL8) tethered to the H2-Kb MHC I determinant from mouse and introduced three substitutions, E63A, K66A, and W167A, at the A-pocket of the peptide-binding groove in the MHC I heavy chain, which interact with the N termini of peptides. These variants significantly decreased SL8-presenting SCT at the cell surface in the presence of ERAP1, but did not affect overall SCT expression, indicating that ERAP1 trims the SL8 N terminus. Comparison of the X-ray crystal structures of WT and three variant SCTs revealed only minor perturbations of the peptide-binding domain in the variants. However, molecular dynamics simulations suggested that SL8 can dissociate partially within a sub-microsecond timescale, exposing its N terminus to the solvent. We also found that the C terminus of MHC I-bound SL8 remains deeply buried in the F-pocket of MHC I. Furthermore, free-energy calculations revealed that the three SCT variants exhibit lower free-energy barriers of N terminus dissociation than the WT Kb Taken together, our results are consistent with a previously observed model in which the partial dissociation of bound peptides from MHC I exposes their N terminus to trimming by ERAP1, whereas their C terminus is anchored at the F-pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Papakyriakou
- From the Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural & Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and
| | - Emma Reeves
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Beton
- From the Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural & Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and
| | - Halina Mikolajek
- From the Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural & Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and
| | - Leon Douglas
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and
| | - Grace Cooper
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Elliott
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
| | - Jörn M Werner
- From the Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural & Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and
| | - Edward James
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom
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27
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Mandal RK, Dar SA, Jawed A, Wahid M, Lohani M, Panda AK, Mishra BN, Akhter N, Areeshi MY, Haque S. Impact of LMP7 (rs2071543) gene polymorphism in increasing cancer risk: evidence from a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 9:6572-6585. [PMID: 29464093 PMCID: PMC5814233 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variant LMP7 (low molecular weight polypeptide 7) –145 C > A may influence the function of immune surveillance of an individual and lead to cancer development. Various studies have investigated the relevance of LMP7 –145 C > A gene polymorphism with cancer risk; but, their results are conflicting and inconsistent. To obtain a comprehensive conclusion, a meta-analysis was performed by including eight eligible published studies retrieved from PubMed (Medline), EMBASE and Google Scholar web search until December 2016. Individuals with AA genotype (AA vs CC: p = 0.001; OR = 2.602, 95% CI = 1.780 to 3.803) of LMP7 -145 C > A were found to have 2 folds higher risk of cancer than those with CC genotype. The recessive genetic model (AA vs AC + CC) also indicated that individuals with AA genotype have 2 folds higher cancer risk than AC and CC genotypes (p = 0.001; OR = 2.216, 95% CI = 1.525 to 3.221). Also, significant increased cancer risk was observed in Asians but not in Caucasians. No publication bias was observed during the analysis. Trial sequential analysis also strengthened our current findings. These results suggest that genetic variant LMP7–145 C > A has significant role in increasing cancer risk in overall and Asian population, and could be useful as a prognostic marker for early cancer predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju K Mandal
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajad A Dar
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.,The University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital University of Delhi, Delhi 110095, India
| | - Arshad Jawed
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Wahid
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia A Central University, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohtashim Lohani
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aditya K Panda
- Centre for Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835205, India
| | - Bhartendu N Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226021, India
| | - Naseem Akhter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha 65431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Y Areeshi
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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28
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Leo PJ, Madeleine MM, Wang S, Schwartz SM, Newell F, Pettersson-Kymmer U, Hemminki K, Hallmans G, Tiews S, Steinberg W, Rader JS, Castro F, Safaeian M, Franco EL, Coutlée F, Ohlsson C, Cortes A, Marshall M, Mukhopadhyay P, Cremin K, Johnson LG, Garland S, Tabrizi SN, Wentzensen N, Sitas F, Little J, Cruickshank M, Frazer IH, Hildesheim A, Brown MA. Defining the genetic susceptibility to cervical neoplasia-A genome-wide association study. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006866. [PMID: 28806749 PMCID: PMC5570502 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A small percentage of women with cervical HPV infection progress to cervical neoplasia, and the risk factors determining progression are incompletely understood. We sought to define the genetic loci involved in cervical neoplasia and to assess its heritability using unbiased unrelated case/control statistical approaches. We demonstrated strong association of cervical neoplasia with risk and protective HLA haplotypes that are determined by the amino-acids carried at positions 13 and 71 in pocket 4 of HLA-DRB1 and position 156 in HLA-B. Furthermore, 36% (standard error 2.4%) of liability of HPV-associated cervical pre-cancer and cancer is determined by common genetic variants. Women in the highest 10% of genetic risk scores have approximately >7.1% risk, and those in the highest 5% have approximately >21.6% risk, of developing cervical neoplasia. Future studies should examine genetic risk prediction in assessing the risk of cervical neoplasia further, in combination with other screening methods. Around 1% of women with cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection progress to cervical cancer. Previous studies had indicated that a person’s genetic makeup could predispose to HPV-associated cervical cancer, and that some of the genes likely to be involved include the immune-related human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes among the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). However, it has been difficult to determine which alleles might be associated with cervical pre-cancer or cancer due to the complex and high level of co-inheritance of MHC alleles. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study that assessed the correlation of genetic variants among those with cervical cancer and healthy controls. We show that host genetics is a major determinant of HPV-associated cervical cancer, with 36% of liability due to common genetic variants in the population, and identify both risk and protective HLA alleles. Our study was also sufficiently powerful to identify particular residue variants on a number of the immune-related proteins that provide risk or protection, providing further insight into the biological basis for cervical cancer development. Our findings could lay the foundation for screening for people at increased risk of developing cancer following HPV infection, and aid in the treatment and prognosis of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Leo
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Margaret M. Madeleine
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Sophia Wang
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States of America
| | - Stephen M. Schwartz
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Felicity Newell
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Ulrika Pettersson-Kymmer
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Goran Hallmans
- Nutritional Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sven Tiews
- MHC Laboratory for Cytopathology, Dr.Steinberg GmbH, Soest, Germany
| | | | - Janet S. Rader
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Felipe Castro
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mahboobeh Safaeian
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Eduardo L. Franco
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - François Coutlée
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Adrian Cortes
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Mhairi Marshall
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Pamela Mukhopadhyay
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Katie Cremin
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Lisa G. Johnson
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Suzanne Garland
- Regional World Health Organisation Human Papillomavirus Laboratory Network, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Sepehr N. Tabrizi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Freddy Sitas
- Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Julian Little
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Maggie Cruickshank
- Division of Medical Education, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - Ian H. Frazer
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Allan Hildesheim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Matthew A. Brown
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Australia
- * E-mail:
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29
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Association between LMP2/LMP7 genetic variability and cancer susceptibility, especially among Asians: evidence from a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62445-62453. [PMID: 28977958 PMCID: PMC5617518 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Low molecular mass protein (LMP) gene performs a critical role in the foreign antigen processing machine via the major histocompatibility complex-I (MHC-I) complex CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) pathway. Recent studies have reported the association of LMP2-60 G>A (rs17587) and LMP7-145 C>A (rs2071543) polymorphisms with various types of cancers, but the outcomes remained inconsistent. To obtain a reliable conclusion, we summarized available data and conducted a meta-analysis involving a total of 19 published studies. Evidences were obtained from the PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. The results demonstrated that the rs17587 and rs2071543 polymorphisms were associated with an increased cancer risk in the recessive and homozygote models. Stratified analyses by ethnicity indicated a significant association only in Asian population. Furthermore, rs17587 showed a greater susceptibility to gynecological cancers, while rs2071543 increased the risk of gastrointestinal and gynecological cancers. Our results indicate that the LMP2 rs17587 and LMP7 rs2071543 polymorphisms may act as risk factors for cancer, especially for Asian populations. Additional larger-scale multicenter studies should be performed to validate our results.
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Reeves E, James E. Tumour and placenta establishment: The importance of antigen processing and presentation. Placenta 2017; 56:34-39. [PMID: 28274545 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Classical and non-classical MHC class I (MHC I) molecules displayed at the cell surface are essential for the induction of innate and adaptive immune responses. Classical MHC I present endogenously derived peptides to CD8+ T cells for immunosurveillance of infected or malignant cells. By contrast, non-classical MHC I, in particular HLA-G, also display peptides, but primarily act as immunomodulatory ligands for the innate immune response and are an important component for extravillous trophoblast invasion to form the placenta in pregnancy. Endoplasmic Reticulum AminoPeptidase 1 (ERAP1), which trims peptides in the ER to generate ligands for MHC I loading, is a key regulator of the peptide repertoire and has a significant impact on the formation of stable MHC I at the cell surface. ERAP1 also plays a role in angiogenesis, cell cycle progression and migration, events that are shared between tumour cells and placenta formation. Here we discuss the similarities between tumour and extravillous trophoblast cells in their immune modulatory, invasion, migration and proliferation properties in the context of ERAP1 and its role in establishment of solid tumours and placenta formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Reeves
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Somers Cancer Research Building, Mailpoint 824, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Edward James
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Somers Cancer Research Building, Mailpoint 824, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
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Cervical Carcinogenesis and Immune Response Gene Polymorphisms: A Review. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:8913860. [PMID: 28280748 PMCID: PMC5322437 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8913860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The local immune response is considered a key determinant in cervical carcinogenesis after persistent infection with oncogenic, high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Genetic variation in various immune response genes has been shown to influence risk of developing cervical cancer, as well as progression and survival among cervical cancer patients. We reviewed the literature on associations of immunogenetic single nucleotide polymorphism, allele, genotype, and haplotype distributions with risk and progression of cervical cancer. Studies on HLA and KIR gene polymorphisms were excluded due to the abundance on literature on that subject. We show that multiple genes and loci are associated with variation in risk of cervical cancer. Rather than one single gene being responsible for cervical carcinogenesis, we postulate that variations in the different immune response genes lead to subtle differences in the effectiveness of the antiviral and antitumour immune responses, ultimately leading to differences in risk of developing cervical cancer and progressive disease after HPV infection.
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Yao Y, Wiśniewski A, Ma Q, Kowal A, Porębska I, Pawełczyk K, Yu J, Dubis J, Żuk N, Li Y, Shi L, Kuśnierczyk P. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the ERAP1 Gene and Risk of NSCLC: A Comparison of Genetically Distant Populations, Chinese and Caucasian. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2017; 64:117-122. [PMID: 28083613 PMCID: PMC5334393 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-016-0436-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An effective cytotoxic immune response to neoplastic cells requires efficient presentation of antigenic peptides to T lymphocytes by HLA class I (HLA-I) molecules. The HLA-I-bound peptide repertoire depends on antigen-processing machinery molecules. Aminopeptidase residing in endoplasmic reticulum 1 (ERAP1) trims peptides to the optimal length for HLA-I binding. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ERAP1 gene result in changes in aminopeptidase activity and specificity. This may affect susceptibility to cancer. However, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) has not been studied in this respect. We compared genotype and haplotype frequencies of four coding, nonsynonymous ERAP1 SNPs, rs26653G > C, rs26618T > C, rs30187C > T, and rs27044C > G, in NSCLC occurring in two genetically distant populations, Chinese and Poles. We found associations of all four SNPs with NSCLC in Chinese but not in Poles. The differences in ERAP1-NSCLC associations might be explained by highly significant differences in SNP genotype frequencies between Chinese and Poles (except for rs26618). In accordance with this, the most frequent ERAP1 haplotypes were distributed differently in cases versus controls in Chinese, but not in Poles. Our findings add to the differences between Orientals and Caucasians in genetics of disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Yao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Andrzej Wiśniewski
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Qiangli Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The No. 3 Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Aneta Kowal
- Department and Clinic of Pulmonology and Lung Cancer, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Irena Porębska
- Department and Clinic of Pulmonology and Lung Cancer, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Konrad Pawełczyk
- Department and Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jiankun Yu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Joanna Dubis
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Natalia Żuk
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Yingfu Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The No. 1 Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Shi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Piotr Kuśnierczyk
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
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Reeves E, James E. Antigen processing and immune regulation in the response to tumours. Immunology 2016; 150:16-24. [PMID: 27658710 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The MHC class I and II antigen processing and presentation pathways display peptides to circulating CD8+ cytotoxic and CD4+ helper T cells respectively to enable pathogens and transformed cells to be identified. Once detected, T cells become activated and either directly kill the infected / transformed cells (CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes) or orchestrate the activation of the adaptive immune response (CD4+ T cells). The immune surveillance of transformed/tumour cells drives alteration of the antigen processing and presentation pathways to evade detection and hence the immune response. Evasion of the immune response is a significant event tumour development and considered one of the hallmarks of cancer. To avoid immune recognition, tumours employ a multitude of strategies with most resulting in a down-regulation of the MHC class I expression at the cell surface, significantly impairing the ability of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes to recognize the tumour. Alteration of the expression of key players in antigen processing not only affects MHC class I expression but also significantly alters the repertoire of peptides being presented. These modified peptide repertoires may serve to further reduce the presentation of tumour-specific/associated antigenic epitopes to aid immune evasion and tumour progression. Here we review the modifications to the antigen processing and presentation pathway in tumours and how it affects the anti-tumour immune response, considering the role of tumour-infiltrating cell populations and highlighting possible future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Reeves
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Edward James
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Mahmoudi M, Aslani S, Nicknam MH, Karami J, Jamshidi AR. New insights toward the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis; genetic variations and epigenetic modifications. Mod Rheumatol 2016; 27:198-209. [PMID: 27425039 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2016.1206174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, characterized by typically an axial arthritis. AS is the prototype of a group of disorders called spondyloarthropathies, which is believed to have common clinical manifestations and genetic predisposition. To date, the exact etiology of AS remains unclear. Over the past few years, however, the role of genetic susceptibility and epigenetic modifications caused through environmental factors have been extensively surveyed with respect to the pathogenesis of AS, resulted in important advances. This review article focuses on the recent advances in the field of AS research, including HLA and non-HLA susceptibility genes identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and aberrant epigenetic modifications of gene loci associated with AS. HLA genes most significantly linked with AS susceptibility include HLA-B27 and its subtypes. Numerous non-HLA genes such as those in ubiquitination, aminopeptidases and MHC class I presentation molecules like ERAP-1 were also reported. Moreover, epigenetic modifications occurred in AS has been summarized. Taken together, the findings presented in this review attempt to explain the circumstance by which both genetic variations and epigenetic modifications are involved in triggering and development of AS. Nonetheless, several unanswered dark sides continue to clog our exhaustive understanding of AS. Future researches in the field of epigenetics should be carried out to extend our vision of AS etiopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Mahmoudi
- a Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran and
| | - Saeed Aslani
- a Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran and
| | | | - Jafar Karami
- a Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran and
| | - Ahmad Reza Jamshidi
- a Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran and
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Concha-Benavente F, Srivastava R, Ferrone S, Ferris RL. Immunological and clinical significance of HLA class I antigen processing machinery component defects in malignant cells. Oral Oncol 2016; 58:52-8. [PMID: 27264839 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Experimental as well as clinical studies demonstrate that the immune system plays a major role in controlling generation and progression of tumors. The cancer immunoediting theory supports the notion that tumor cell immunogenicity is dynamically shaped by the immune system, as it eliminates immunogenic tumor cells in the early stage of the disease and then edits their antigenicity. The end result is the generation of a tumor cell population able to escape from immune recognition and elimination by tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Two major mechanisms, which affect the target cells and the effector phase of the immune response, play a crucial role in the editing process. One is represented by the downregulation of tumor antigen (TA) processing and presentation because of abnormalities in the HLA class I antigen processing machinery (APM). The other one is represented by the anergy of effector immune infiltrates in the tumor microenvironment caused by aberrant inhibitory signals triggered by immune checkpoint receptor (ICR) ligands, such as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). In this review, we will focus on tumor immune escape mechanisms caused by defects in HLA class I APM component expression and/or function in different types of cancer, with emphasis on head and neck cancer (HNC). We will also discuss the immunological implications and clinical relevance of these HLA class I APM abnormalities. Finally, we will describe strategies to counteract defective TA presentation with the expectation that they will enhance tumor recognition and elimination by tumor infiltrating effector T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soldano Ferrone
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Cancer Immunology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Emma R, Edward J. The Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1 Biology in Immune Evasion by Tumours. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.17352/jvi.000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kenna TJ, Robinson PC, Haroon N. Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2015; 54:1549-56. [PMID: 26070942 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been significant progress in our understanding of the pathogenesis of AS. The advent of genome-wide association studies has increased the known loci associated with AS to more than 40. The endoplasmic reticulum resident aminopeptidases (ERAP) 1 and 2 were identified in this manner and are of particular interest. There appears to be a genetic as well as a functional interaction of ERAP1 and 2 with HLA-B27 based on the known functions of these molecules. Recent studies on the structure, immunological effects and the peptide-trimming properties of ERAP 1 and 2 have helped to provide insight into their pathogenic potential in AS. In this review, we explore the role of ERAP 1 and 2 in the pathogenesis of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony J Kenna
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane
| | - Philip C Robinson
- Centre for Neurogenetics and Statistical Genomics, Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nigil Haroon
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto and University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Molecular backgrounds of ERAP1 downregulation in cervical carcinoma. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2015; 2015:367837. [PMID: 26146606 PMCID: PMC4471254 DOI: 10.1155/2015/367837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The antigen processing machinery (APM) plays an important role in immune recognition of virally infected and transformed cells. Defective expression of the APM component ERAP1 is associated with progression and poor clinical outcome in cervical carcinoma. However, the underlying mechanisms of ERAP1 protein downregulation remain to be established. We investigated ERAP1 mRNA expression levels in 14 patients with established ERAP1 protein downregulation. To further examine the possible pretranscriptional mechanisms of ERAP1 downregulation, ERAP1 DNA mutation status was analyzed alongside existing data on various single nucleotide polymorphisms. Moreover, loss of heterozygosity at various loci in the ERAP1 gene was investigated. In cases with ERAP1 protein downregulation, ERAP1 mRNA quantities were found to be significantly lower than in a cohort with normal ERAP1 protein expression (P = 0.001). Loss of heterozygosity was demonstrated to occur in up to 50% of tumors with ERAP1 downregulation. Our data indicate that ERAP1 downregulation is associated with loss of heterozygosity. These data provide the first insight into in vivo mechanisms of ERAP1 downregulation in cervical carcinoma.
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Tummers B, Burg SHVD. High-risk human papillomavirus targets crossroads in immune signaling. Viruses 2015; 7:2485-506. [PMID: 26008697 PMCID: PMC4452916 DOI: 10.3390/v7052485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent infections with a high-risk type human papillomavirus (hrHPV) can progress to cancer. High-risk HPVs infect keratinocytes (KCs) and successfully suppress host immunity for up to two years despite the fact that KCs are well equipped to detect and initiate immune responses to invading pathogens. Viral persistence is achieved by active interference with KCs innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. To this end hrHPV utilizes proteins encoded by its viral genome, as well as exploits cellular proteins to interfere with signaling of innate and adaptive immune pathways. This results in impairment of interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokine production and subsequent immune cell attraction, as well as resistance to incoming signals from the immune system. Furthermore, hrHPV avoids the killing of infected cells by interfering with antigen presentation to antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Thus, hrHPV has evolved multiple mechanisms to avoid detection and clearance by both the innate and adaptive immune system, the molecular mechanisms of which will be dealt with in detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Tummers
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Sjoerd H Van Der Burg
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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40
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Mehta AM, Spaans VM, Mahendra NB, Osse EM, Vet JNI, Purwoto G, Surya IGD, Cornian S, Peters AA, Fleuren GJ, Jordanova ES. Differences in genetic variation in antigen-processing machinery components and association with cervical carcinoma risk in two Indonesian populations. Immunogenetics 2015; 67:267-75. [PMID: 25796583 PMCID: PMC4427632 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-015-0834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variation of antigen-processing machinery (APM) components has been shown to be associated with cervical carcinoma risk and outcome in a genetically homogeneous Dutch population. However, the role of APM component single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genetically heterogeneous populations with different distributions of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes remains unclear. Eleven non-synonymous, coding SNPs in the TAP1, TAP2, LMP2, LMP7 and ERAP1 genes were genotyped in cervical carcinoma patients and healthy controls from two distinct Indonesian populations (Balinese and Javanese). Individual genotype and allele distributions were investigated using single-marker analysis, and combined SNP effects were assessed by haplotype construction and haplotype interaction analysis. Allele distribution patterns in Bali and Java differed in relation to cervical carcinoma risk, with four ERAP1 SNPs and one TAP2 SNP in the Javanese population showing significant association with cervical carcinoma risk, while in the Balinese population, only one TAP2 SNP showed this association. Multimarker analysis demonstrated that in the Javanese patients, one specific haplotype, consisting of the ERAP1-575 locus on chromosome 5 and the TAP2-379 and TAP2-651 loci on chromosome 6, was significantly associated with cervical carcinoma risk (global P = 0.008); no significant haplotype associations were found in the Balinese population. These data indicate not only that genetic variation in APM component genes is associated with cervical carcinoma risk in Indonesia but also that the patterns of association differ depending on background genetic composition and possibly on differences in HPV type distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash M. Mehta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vivian M. Spaans
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nyoman Bayu Mahendra
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Prima Medika Hospital, Denpasar, Bali Indonesia
| | - Elisabeth M. Osse
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica N. I. Vet
- Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gatot Purwoto
- Department of Gynecology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - I. G. D. Surya
- Department of Gynecology, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Santoso Cornian
- Department of Anatomy, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alexander A. Peters
- Department of Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gert J. Fleuren
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Stratikos E, Stamogiannos A, Zervoudi E, Fruci D. A role for naturally occurring alleles of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases in tumor immunity and cancer pre-disposition. Front Oncol 2014; 4:363. [PMID: 25566501 PMCID: PMC4271575 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 and 2 (ERAP1 and ERAP2) are key components on the pathway that generates antigenic epitopes for presentation to cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs). Coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these enzymes have been associated with pre-disposition to several major human diseases including inflammatory diseases with autoimmune etiology, viral infections, and virally induced cancer. The function of these enzymes has been demonstrated to affect CTL and natural killer cell responses toward healthy and malignant cells as well as the production of inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have demonstrated that SNPs in ERAP1 and ERAP2 can affect their ability to generate or destroy antigenic epitopes and define the immunopeptidome. In this review, we examine the potential role of these enzymes and their polymorphic states on the generation of cytotoxic responses toward malignantly transformed cells. Given the current state-of-the-art, it is possible that polymorphic variation in these enzymes may contribute to the individual’s pre-disposition to cancer through altered generation or destruction of tumor antigens that can facilitate tumor immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Efthalia Zervoudi
- National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos , Athens , Greece
| | - Doriana Fruci
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, IRCCS, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù , Rome , Italy
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42
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Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) performs a major role in antigen processing, trimming N-terminally extended peptides to the final epitope for presentation by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within ERAP1 as being associated with disease, in particular ankylosing spondylitis (AS). AS is a polygenic chronic inflammatory disease with a strong genetic link to HLA-B27 known for over 40 years. The association of ERAP1 SNPs with AS susceptibility is only observed in HLA-B27-positive individuals, which intersect on the antigen processing pathway. Recent evidence examining the trimming activity of polymorphic ERAP1 highlights its role in generating peptides for loading onto and stabilizing HLA-B27, and the consequent alterations in the interaction of specific NK cell receptors, and the activation of the unfolded protein response as important in the mechanism of disease pathogenesis. Here, we discuss the recent genetic association findings linking ERAP1 SNPs with AS disease susceptibility and the effect of these variants on ERAP1 function, highlighting mechanisms by which AS may arise. The identification of these functional variants of ERAP1 may lead to better stratification of AS patients by providing a diagnostic tool and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Reeves
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Somers Cancer Research Building, Southampton General Hospital, Mailpoint 824, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
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Chen D, Gyllensten U. Lessons and implications from association studies and post-GWAS analyses of cervical cancer. Trends Genet 2014; 31:41-54. [PMID: 25467628 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer has a heritable genetic component. A large number of genetic associations with cervical cancer have been reported in hypothesis-driven candidate gene studies, but many of these results are either inconsistent or have failed to be independently replicated. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified additional susceptibility loci previously not implicated in cervical cancer development, highlighting the power of genome-wide unbiased association analyses. Post-GWAS analyses including pathway-based analysis and functional characterization of associated variants have provided new insights into the pathogenesis of cervical cancer. In this review we summarize findings from candidate gene association studies, GWAS, and post-GWAS analyses of cervical cancer. We also discuss gaps in our understanding, possible clinical implications of the findings, and lessons for studies of other complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Ozbas-Gerceker F, Bozman N, Kok S, Pehlivan M, Yilmaz M, Pehlivan S, Oguzkan-Balci S. Association of an LMP2 Polymorphism with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:6399-402. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.11.6399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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45
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Ozbas-Gerceker F, Bozman N, Gezici S, Pehlivan M, Yilmaz M, Pehlivan S, Oguzkan-Balci S. Association of TAP1 and TAP2 Gene Polymorphisms with Hematological Malignancies. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 14:5213-7. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.9.5213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Alvarez-Navarro C, López de Castro JA. ERAP1 structure, function and pathogenetic role in ankylosing spondylitis and other MHC-associated diseases. Mol Immunol 2013; 57:12-21. [PMID: 23916068 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is a multifunctional enzyme involved in the final processing of Major Histocompatibility Complex class I (MHC-I) ligands and with a significant influence in the stability and immunological properties of MHC-I proteins. ERAP1 polymorphism is associated with ankylosing spondylitis among HLA-B27-positive individuals and the altered enzymatic activity of natural variants has significant effects on the HLA-B27 peptidome, suggesting a critical pathogenetic role of peptides in this disease. Likewise, the association of ERAP1 with other MHC-I associated disorders and its epistasis with their susceptibility MHC alleles point out to a general role of the MHC-I peptidome in these diseases. The functional interaction between ERAP1 and HLA-B27 or other MHC-I molecules may be related to the processing of specific epitopes, or to a more general peptide-dependent influence on other biological features of the MHC-I proteins. In addition, from a consideration of the reported functions of ERAP1, including its involvement in angiogenesis and macrophage activation, a more complex and multi-level influence in the inflammatory and immune pathways operating in these diseases cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alvarez-Navarro
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain
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Robinson PC, Brown MA. Genetics of ankylosing spondylitis. Mol Immunol 2013; 57:2-11. [PMID: 23916070 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis that affects the spine and sacroiliac joints. It causes significant disability and is associated with a number of other features including peripheral arthritis, anterior uveitis, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Significant progress has been made in the genetics of AS have in the last five years, leading to new treatments in trial, and major leaps in understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Robinson
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, 37 Kent Road, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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Leone P, Shin EC, Perosa F, Vacca A, Dammacco F, Racanelli V. MHC class I antigen processing and presenting machinery: organization, function, and defects in tumor cells. J Natl Cancer Inst 2013; 105:1172-87. [PMID: 23852952 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djt184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The surface presentation of peptides by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules is critical to all CD8(+) T-cell adaptive immune responses, including those against tumors. The generation of peptides and their loading on MHC class I molecules is a multistep process involving multiple molecular species that constitute the so-called antigen processing and presenting machinery (APM). The majority of class I peptides begin as proteasome degradation products of cytosolic proteins. Once transported into the endoplasmic reticulum by TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing), peptides are not bound randomly by class I molecules but are chosen by length and sequence, with peptidases editing the raw peptide pool. Aberrations in APM genes and proteins have frequently been observed in human tumors and found to correlate with relevant clinical variables, including tumor grade, tumor stage, disease recurrence, and survival. These findings support the idea that APM defects are immune escape mechanisms that disrupt the tumor cells' ability to be recognized and killed by tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells. Detailed knowledge of APM is crucial for the optimization of T cell-based immunotherapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Leone
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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Reeves E, Edwards CJ, Elliott T, James E. Naturally occurring ERAP1 haplotypes encode functionally distinct alleles with fine substrate specificity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:35-43. [PMID: 23733883 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) trims peptides for MHC class I presentation, influencing the degree and specificity of CD8(+) T cell responses. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the exons encoding ERAP1 are associated with autoimmune diseases and cervical carcinoma, but it is not known whether they act independently or as disease-associated haplotypes. We sequenced ERAP1 from 20 individuals and show that single-nucleotide polymorphisms occur as distinct haplotypes in the human population and that these haplotypes encode functionally distinct ERAP1 alleles. Using a wide range of substrates, we are able to demonstrate that for any given substrate distinct ERAP1 alleles can be "normal," "hypofunctional," or "hyperfunctional" and that each allele has a trend bias toward one of these three activities. Thus, the repertoire of peptides presented at the cell surface for recognition by CTL is likely to depend on the precise combination of both MHC class I and ERAP1 alleles expressed within an individual, and has important implications for predisposition to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Reeves
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Shi S, Zhou B, Zhang K, Zhang L. Association between two genetic variants of CD226 gene and Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A case–control study. Gene 2013; 519:159-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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