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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Liu L, Xu X, Wang X, Fu J. ChemR23 activation attenuates cognitive impairment in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome-induced neuronal pyroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:721. [PMID: 37932279 PMCID: PMC10628255 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06237-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays critical roles in vascular dementia (VaD), the second leading cause of dementia, which can be induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis, the inflammatory programmed cell death, has been reported to contribute to the development of VaD. ChemR23 is a G protein-coupled receptor that has emerging roles in regulating inflammation. However, the role of ChemR23 signalling in NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis in CCH remains elusive. In this study, a CCH rat model was established by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) surgery. Eight weeks after the surgery, the rats were intraperitoneally injected with the ChemR23 agonist Resolvin E1 (RvE1) or chemerin-9 (C-9). Additionally, primary rat hippocampal neurons and SH-SY5Y cells were adopted to mimic CCH injury in vitro. Our results showed that the levels of ChemR23 expression were decreased from the 8th week after BCCAO, accompanied by significant cognitive impairment. Further analysis revealed that CCH induced neuronal damage, synaptic injury and NLRP3-related pyroptosis activation in hippocampal neurons. However, pharmacologic activation of ChemR23 with RvE1 or C-9 counteracted these changes. In vitro experiments also showed that ChemR23 activation prevented primary neuron pyroptosis induced by chronic hypoxia. In addition, manipulating ChemR23 expression markedly regulated NLRP3 inflammasome-induced neuronal pyroptosis through PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signalling in SH-SY5Y cells under hypoglycaemic and hypoxic conditions. Collectively, our data demonstrated that ChemR23 activation inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome-induced neuronal pyroptosis and improves cognitive function via the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signalling pathway in CCH models. ChemR23 may serve as a potential novel therapeutic target to treat CCH-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiuzhe Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Jianliang Fu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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2
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Chen Y, Yu Y. Tau and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: interplay mechanisms and clinical translation. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:165. [PMID: 37452321 PMCID: PMC10349496 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) contributes to most cases of dementia. Its prominent neuropathological features are the extracellular neuritic plaques and intercellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein, respectively. In the past few decades, disease-modifying therapy targeting Aβ has been the focus of AD drug development. Even though it is encouraging that two of these drugs have recently received accelerated US Food and Drug Administration approval for AD treatment, their efficacy or long-term safety is controversial. Tau has received increasing attention as a potential therapeutic target, since evidence indicates that tau pathology is more associated with cognitive dysfunction. Moreover, inflammation, especially neuroinflammation, accompanies AD pathological processes and is also linked to cognitive deficits. Accumulating evidence indicates that inflammation has a complex and tight interplay with tau pathology. Here, we review recent evidence on the interaction between tau pathology, focusing on tau post-translational modification and dissemination, and neuroinflammatory responses, including glial cell activation and inflammatory signaling pathways. Then, we summarize the latest clinical trials targeting tau and neuroinflammation. Sustained and increased inflammatory responses in glial cells and neurons are pivotal cellular drivers and regulators of the exacerbation of tau pathology, which further contributes to its worsening by aggravating inflammatory responses. Unraveling the precise mechanisms underlying the relationship between tau pathology and neuroinflammation will provide new insights into the discovery and clinical translation of therapeutic targets for AD and other tau-related diseases (tauopathies). Targeting multiple pathologies and precision therapy strategies will be the crucial direction for developing drugs for AD and other tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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3
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Arjunan A, Song J. Pharmacological and physiological roles of adipokines and myokines in metabolic-related dementia. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114847. [PMID: 37150030 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a detrimental neuropathologic condition with considerable physical, mental, social, and financial impact on patients and society. Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), a group of diseases that occur in tandem and increase the risk of neurologic diseases, have a higher risk of dementia. The ratio between muscle and adipose tissue is crucial in MetS, as these contain many hormones, including myokines and adipokines, which are involved in crosstalk and local paracrine/autocrine interactions. Evidence suggests that abnormal adipokine and myokine synthesis and release may be implicated in various MetS, such as atherosclerosis, diabetic mellitus (DM), and dyslipidemia, but their precise role is unclear. Here we review the literature on adipokine and myokine involvement in MetS-induced dementia via glucose and insulin homeostasis regulation, neuroinflammation, vascular dysfunction, emotional changes, and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Arjunan
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Seoyangro 264, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Seoyangro 264, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Yamagata K. Docosahexaenoic acid inhibits ischemic stroke to reduce vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 167:106733. [PMID: 37028469 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Stroke and dementia are global leading causes of neurological disability and death. The pathology of these diseases is interrelated and they share common, modifiable risk factors. It is suggested that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) prevents neurological and vascular disorders induced by ischemic stroke and also prevent dementia. The purpose of this study was to review the potential preventative role of DHA against ischemic stroke-induced vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. In this review, I analyzed studies on stroke-induced dementia from the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases as well as studies on the effects of DHA on stroke-induced dementia. As per the results of interventional studies, DHA intake can potentially ameliorate dementia and cognitive function. In particular, DHA derived from foods such as fish oil enters the blood and then migrates to the brain by binding to fatty acid binding protein 5 that is present in cerebral vascular endothelial cells. At this point, the esterified form of DHA produced by lysophosphatidylcholine is preferentially absorbed into the brain instead of free DHA. DHA accumulates in nerve cell membrane and is involved in the prevention of dementia. The antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of DHA and DHA metabolites as well as their ability to decrease amyloid beta (Aβ) 42 production were implicated in the improvement of cognitive function. The antioxidant effect of DHA, the inhibition of neuronal cell death by Aβ peptide, improvement in learning ability, and enhancement of synaptic plasticity may contribute to the prevention of dementia induced by ischemic stroke.
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Yasmeen N, Selvaraj H, Lakhawat SS, Datta M, Sharma PK, Jain A, Khanna R, Srinivasan J, Kumar V. Possibility of averting cytokine storm in SARS-COV 2 patients using specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115437. [PMID: 36731803 PMCID: PMC9884647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Fatal "cytokine storms (CS)" observed in critically ill COVID-19 patients are consequences of dysregulated host immune system and over-exuberant inflammatory response. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-system organ failure, and eventual death are distinctive symptoms, attributed to higher morbidity and mortality rates among these patients. Consequent efforts to save critical COVID-19 patients via the usage of several novel therapeutic options are put in force. Strategically, drugs being used in such patients are dexamethasone, remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, etc. along with the approved vaccines. Moreover, it is certain that activation of the resolution process is important for the prevention of chronic diseases. Until recently Inflammation resolution was considered a passive process, rather it's an active biochemical process that can be achieved by the use of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). These endogenous mediators are an array of atypical lipid metabolites that include Resolvins, lipoxins, maresins, protectins, considered as immunoresolvents, but their role in COVID-19 is ambiguous. Recent evidence from studies such as the randomized clinical trial, in which omega 3 fatty acid was used as supplement to resolve inflammation in COVID-19, suggests that direct supplementation of SPMs or the use of synthetic SPM mimetics (which are still being explored) could enhance the process of resolution by regulating the aberrant inflammatory process and can be useful in pain relief and tissue remodeling. Here we discussed the biosynthesis of SPMs, & their mechanistic pathways contributing to inflammation resolution along with sequence of events leading to CS in COVID-19, with a focus on therapeutic potential of SPMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrath Yasmeen
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Harikrishnan Selvaraj
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudarshan S Lakhawat
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manali Datta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pushpender K Sharma
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ajay Jain
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rakhi Khanna
- Rajasthan State Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Vikram Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
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Seol S, Kwon J, Kang HJ. Cell type characterization of spatiotemporal gene co-expression modules in Down syndrome brain. iScience 2022; 26:105884. [PMID: 36647384 PMCID: PMC9840153 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability and increases the risk of other brain-related dysfunctions, like seizures, early-onset Alzheimer's disease, and autism. To reveal the molecular profiles of DS-associated brain phenotypes, we performed a meta-data analysis of the developmental DS brain transcriptome at cell type and co-expression module levels. In the DS brain, astrocyte-, microglia-, and endothelial cell-associated genes show upregulated patterns, whereas neuron- and oligodendrocyte-associated genes show downregulated patterns. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified cell type-enriched co-expressed gene modules. We present eight representative cell-type modules for neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. We classified the neuron modules into glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons and associated them with detailed subtypes. Cell type modules were interpreted by analyzing spatiotemporal expression patterns, functional annotations, and co-expression networks of the modules. This study provides insight into the mechanisms underlying brain abnormalities in DS and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihwan Seol
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhong Kwon
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Kang
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author
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ChemR23 signaling ameliorates cognitive impairments in diabetic mice via dampening oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Redox Biol 2022; 58:102554. [PMID: 36446229 PMCID: PMC9703827 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive impairment characterized by memory loss and cognitive inflexibility. Recent studies have revealed that ChemR23 is implicated in both diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease. However, the impact of ChemR23 on diabetes-associated cognitive impairment remains elusive. In this study, we explored the longitudinal changes of ChemR23 expression and cognitive function in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice and leptin receptor knockout type 2 diabetic mice at different ages. We also treated diabetic mice with ChemR23 agonists RvE1 or chemerin-9 to explore whether ChemR23 activation could alleviate diabetes-associated cognitive impairment. The underlying mechanism was further investigated in diabetic mice with genetic deletion of ChemR23. The results showed that ChemR23 expression was decreased along with aging and the progression of diabetes, suggesting that abnormal ChemR23 signaling may be involved in diabetes-associated cognitive impairment. Administration of RvE1 or chemerin-9 ameliorated oxidative stress and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation through Nrf2/TXNIP pathway, and ultimately alleviated cognitive impairment in diabetic mice. Depletion of ChemR23 in diabetic mice abolished the beneficial effects of RvE1 and chemerin-9, and exacerbated cognitive impairment via increasing oxidative stress and activating NLRP3 inflammasome. Collectively, our data highlight the crucial role of ChemR23 signaling in diabetes-associated cognitive impairment via regulating oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome, and targeting ChemR23 may serve as a promising novel strategy for the treatment of diabetes-associated cognitive impairment.
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8
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Deyama S, Kaneda K, Minami M. Resolution of depression: antidepressant actions of resolvins. Neurosci Res 2022:S0168-0102(22)00266-8. [PMID: 36272561 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder, one of the most widespread mental illnesses, brings about enormous individual and socioeconomic consequences. Conventional monoaminergic antidepressants require weeks to months to produce a therapeutic response, and approximately one-third of the patients fail to respond to these drugs and are considered treatment-resistant. Although recent studies have demonstrated that ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, produces rapid antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant patients, it also has undesirable side effects. Hence, rapid-acting antidepressants that have fewer adverse effects than ketamine are urgently required. D-series (RvD1-RvD6) and E-series (RvE1-RvE4) resolvins are endogenous lipid mediators derived from docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids, respectively. These mediators reportedly play a pivotal role in the resolution of acute inflammation. In this review, we reveal that intracranial infusions of RvD1, RvD2, RvE1, RvE2, and RvE3 produce antidepressant-like effects in various rodent models of depression. Moreover, the behavioral effects of RvD1, RvD2, and RvE1 are mediated by the activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1, which is essential for the antidepressant-like actions of ketamine. Finally, we briefly provide our perspective on the possible role of endogenous resolvins in stress resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Deyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Katsuyuki Kaneda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masabumi Minami
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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García O, Flores-Aguilar L. Astroglial and microglial pathology in Down syndrome: Focus on Alzheimer's disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:987212. [PMID: 36212691 PMCID: PMC9533652 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.987212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) arises from the triplication of human chromosome 21 and is considered the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. Glial cells, specifically astroglia and microglia, display pathological alterations that might contribute to DS neuropathological alterations. Further, in middle adulthood, people with DS develop clinical symptoms associated with premature aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Overexpression of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene, encoded on chromosome 21, leads to increased amyloid-β (Aβ) levels and subsequent formation of Aβ plaques in the brains of individuals with DS. Amyloid-β deposition might contribute to astroglial and microglial reactivity, leading to neurotoxic effects and elevated secretion of inflammatory mediators. This review discusses evidence of astroglial and microglial alterations that might be associated with the AD continuum in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio García
- Facultad de Psicología, Unidad de Investigación en Psicobiología y Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Octavio García
| | - Lisi Flores-Aguilar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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10
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Farrell C, Mumford P, Wiseman FK. Rodent Modeling of Alzheimer's Disease in Down Syndrome: In vivo and ex vivo Approaches. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:909669. [PMID: 35747206 PMCID: PMC9209729 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.909669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There are an estimated 6 million people with Down syndrome (DS) worldwide. In developed countries, the vast majority of these individuals will develop Alzheimer's disease neuropathology characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles within the brain, which leads to the early onset of dementia (AD-DS) and reduced life-expectancy. The mean age of onset of clinical dementia is ~55 years and by the age of 80, approaching 100% of individuals with DS will have a dementia diagnosis. DS is caused by trisomy of chromosome 21 (Hsa21) thus an additional copy of a gene(s) on the chromosome must cause the development of AD neuropathology and dementia. Indeed, triplication of the gene APP which encodes the amyloid precursor protein is sufficient and necessary for early onset AD (EOAD), both in people who have and do not have DS. However, triplication of other genes on Hsa21 leads to profound differences in neurodevelopment resulting in intellectual disability, elevated incidence of epilepsy and perturbations to the immune system. This different biology may impact on how AD neuropathology and dementia develops in people who have DS. Indeed, genes on Hsa21 other than APP when in three-copies can modulate AD-pathogenesis in mouse preclinical models. Understanding this biology better is critical to inform drug selection for AD prevention and therapy trials for people who have DS. Here we will review rodent preclinical models of AD-DS and how these can be used for both in vivo and ex vivo (cultured cells and organotypic slice cultures) studies to understand the mechanisms that contribute to the early development of AD in people who have DS and test the utility of treatments to prevent or delay the development of disease.
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11
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Emre C, Arroyo-García LE, Do KV, Jun B, Ohshima M, Alcalde SG, Cothern ML, Maioli S, Nilsson P, Hjorth E, Fisahn A, Bazan NG, Schultzberg M. Intranasal delivery of pro-resolving lipid mediators rescues memory and gamma oscillation impairment in App NL-G-F/NL-G-F mice. Commun Biol 2022; 5:245. [PMID: 35314851 PMCID: PMC8938447 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained microglial activation and increased pro-inflammatory signalling cause chronic inflammation and neuronal damage in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Resolution of inflammation follows neutralization of pathogens and is a response to limit damage and promote healing, mediated by pro-resolving lipid mediators (LMs). Since resolution is impaired in AD brains, we decided to test if intranasal administration of pro-resolving LMs in the AppNL-G-F/NL-G-F mouse model for AD could resolve inflammation and ameliorate pathology in the brain. A mixture of the pro-resolving LMs resolvin (Rv) E1, RvD1, RvD2, maresin 1 (MaR1) and neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1) was administered to stimulate their respective receptors. We examined amyloid load, cognition, neuronal network oscillations, glial activation and inflammatory factors. The treatment ameliorated memory deficits accompanied by a restoration of gamma oscillation deficits, together with a dramatic decrease in microglial activation. These findings open potential avenues for therapeutic exploration of pro-resolving LMs in AD, using a non-invasive route. Intranasal administration of pro-resolving lipid mediators improves memory deficits and reduce microglial activation in a mouse model for Alzheimer’s disease, suggesting a future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Emre
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Luis E Arroyo-García
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Khanh V Do
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Faculty of Medicine, PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Vietnam.,PHENIKAA Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), A&A Green Phoenix Group JSC, No.167 Hoang Ngan, Trung Hoa, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 11313, Vietnam
| | - Bokkyoo Jun
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Makiko Ohshima
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silvia Gómez Alcalde
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Megan L Cothern
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Silvia Maioli
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Nilsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Hjorth
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - André Fisahn
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolas G Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Marianne Schultzberg
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Costa ACS, Brandão AC, Boada R, Barrionuevo VL, Taylor HG, Roth E, Stasko MR, Johnson MW, Assir FF, Roberto MP, Salmona P, Abreu-Silveira G, Bederman I, Prendergast E, Hüls A, Abrishamcar S, Mustacchi Z, Scheidemantel T, Roizen NJ, Ruedrich S. Safety, efficacy, and tolerability of memantine for cognitive and adaptive outcome measures in adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial. Lancet Neurol 2021; 21:31-41. [PMID: 34942135 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(21)00369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder with considerable neurodevelopmental impact and neurodegenerative morbidity. In a pilot trial in young adults with Down syndrome, memantine (a drug approved for Alzheimer's disease) showed a significant effect on a secondary measure of episodic memory. We aimed to test whether memantine would improve episodic memory in adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome. METHODS We did a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial with a parallel design, stratified by age and sex. Participants (aged 15-32 years) with either trisomy 21 or complete unbalanced translocation of chromosome 21 and in general good health were recruited from the community at one site in Brazil and another in the USA. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either memantine (20 mg/day orally) or placebo for 16 weeks. Computer-generated randomisation tables for both sites (allocating a placebo or drug label to each member of a unique pair of participants) were centrally produced by an independent statistician and were shared only with investigational pharmacists at participating sites until unblinding of the study. Participants and investigators were masked to treatment assignments. Neuropsychological assessments were done at baseline (T1) and week 16 (T2). The primary outcome measure was change from baseline to week 16 in the California Verbal Learning Test-second edition short-form (CVLT-II-sf) total free recall score, assessed in the per-protocol population (ie, participants who completed 16 weeks of treatment and had neuropsychological assessments at T1 and T2). Linear mixed effect models were fit to data from the per-protocol population. Safety and tolerability were monitored and analysed in all participants who started treatment. Steady-state concentrations in plasma of memantine were measured at the end of the trial. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02304302. FINDINGS From May 13, 2015, to July 22, 2020, 185 participants with Down syndrome were assessed for eligibility and 160 (86%) were randomly assigned either memantine (n=81) or placebo (n=79). All participants received their allocated treatment. Linear mixed effect models were fit to data from 149 (81%) participants, 73 in the memantine group and 76 in the placebo group, after 11 people (eight in the memantine group and three in the placebo group) discontinued due to COVID-19 restrictions, illness of their caregiver, adverse events, or low compliance. The primary outcome measure did not differ between groups (CVLT-II-sf total free recall score, change from baseline 0·34 points [95% CI -0·98 to 1·67], p=0·61). Memantine was well tolerated, with infrequent mild-to-moderate adverse events, the most common being viral upper respiratory infection (nine [11%] participants in the memantine group and 12 [15%] in the placebo group) and transient dizziness (eight [10%] in the memantine group and six [8%] in the placebo group). No serious adverse events were observed. Amounts of memantine in plasma were substantially lower than those considered therapeutic for Alzheimer's disease. INTERPRETATION Memantine was well tolerated, but cognition-enhancing effects were not recorded with a 20 mg/day dose in adolescents and young adults with Down syndrome. Exploratory analyses point to a need for future work. FUNDING Alana Foundation. TRANSLATION For the Portuguese translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto C S Costa
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Ana C Brandão
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Richard Boada
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Hudson G Taylor
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, Nationwide Children's Hospital Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth Roth
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Melissa R Stasko
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mark W Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Patrícia Salmona
- São Paulo Center for Clinical Studies and Research-CEPEC-SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ilya Bederman
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Erin Prendergast
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anke Hüls
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarina Abrishamcar
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zan Mustacchi
- São Paulo Center for Clinical Studies and Research-CEPEC-SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thomas Scheidemantel
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nancy J Roizen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stephen Ruedrich
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Deyama S, Minami M, Kaneda K. Resolvins as potential candidates for the treatment of major depressive disorder. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 147:33-39. [PMID: 34294370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast with the delayed onset of therapeutic responses and relatively low efficacy of currently available monoamine-based antidepressants, a single subanesthetic dose of ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, produces rapid and sustained antidepressant actions even in patients with treatment-resistant depression. However, since the clinical use of ketamine as an antidepressant is limited owing to its adverse effects, such as psychotomimetic/dissociative effects and abuse potential, there is an unmet need for novel rapid-acting antidepressants with fewer side effects. Preclinical studies have revealed that the antidepressant actions of ketamine are mediated via the release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and vascular endothelial growth factor, with the subsequent activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in the medial prefrontal cortex. Recently, we demonstrated that resolvins (RvD1, RvD2, RvE1, RvE2 and RvE3), endogenous lipid mediators generated from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids), exert antidepressant effects in a rodent model of depression, and that the antidepressant effects of RvD1, RvD2, and RvE1 necessitate mTORC1 activation. In this review, we first provide an overview of the mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of ketamine and other rapid-acting agents. We then discuss the possibility of using resolvins as novel therapeutic candidates for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Deyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Masabumi Minami
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kaneda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
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14
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Flores-Aguilar L, Iulita MF, Kovecses O, Torres MD, Levi SM, Zhang Y, Askenazi M, Wisniewski T, Busciglio J, Cuello AC. Evolution of neuroinflammation across the lifespan of individuals with Down syndrome. Brain 2021; 143:3653-3671. [PMID: 33206953 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that a disease-aggravating neuroinflammatory process is present at preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease. Given that individuals with Down syndrome are at increased genetic risk of Alzheimer's disease and therefore develop the spectrum of Alzheimer's neuropathology in a uniform manner, they constitute an important population to study the evolution of neuroinflammation across the Alzheimer's continuum. Therefore, in this cross-sectional study, we characterized the brain inflammatory profile across the lifespan of individuals with Down syndrome. Microglial morphology and inflammatory cytokine expression were analysed by immunohistochemistry and electrochemiluminescent-based immunoassays in the frontal cortex from foetuses to adults with Down syndrome and control subjects (16 gestational weeks to 64 years), totalling 127 cases. Cytokine expression in mixed foetal primary cultures and hippocampus of adults with Down syndrome, as well as the effects of sex on cytokine expression were also analysed. A higher microglial soma size-to-process length ratio was observed in the frontal cortex of children and young adults with Down syndrome before the development of full-blown Alzheimer's pathology. Moreover, young adults with Down syndrome also displayed increased numbers of rod-like microglia. Increased levels of interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 were observed in children with Down syndrome (1-10 years; Down syndrome n = 5, controls n = 10) and higher levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-1α, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, interleukin-15, eotaxin-3, interferon gamma-induced protein 10, macrophage-derived chemokine, and macrophage inflammatory protein-beta, were found in young adults with Down syndrome compared to euploid cases (13-25 years, Down syndrome n = 6, controls n = 24). Increased cytokine expression was also found in the conditioned media of mixed cortical primary cultures from second trimester foetuses with Down syndrome (Down syndrome n = 7, controls n = 7). Older adults with Down syndrome (39-68 years, Down syndrome n = 22, controls n = 16) displayed reduced levels of interleukin-10, interleukin-12p40, interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Microglia displayed larger somas and shorter processes. Moreover, an increase in dystrophic microglia and rod-like microglia aligning to neurons harbouring tau pathology were also observed. Sex stratification analyses revealed that females with Down syndrome had increased interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 levels compared to males with Down syndrome. Finally, multivariate projection methods identified specific cytokine patterns among individuals with Down syndrome. Our findings indicate the presence of an early and evolving neuroinflammatory phenotype across the lifespan in Down syndrome, a knowledge that is relevant for the discovery of stage-specific targets and for the design of possible anti-inflammatory trials against Alzheimer's disease in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Florencia Iulita
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Sant Pau Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Alzheimer-Down Unit, Fundación Catalana Síndrome de Down, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivia Kovecses
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maria D Torres
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, UCI-MIND Institute, and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Sarah M Levi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Yian Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | | | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology, and Psychiatry, Center for Cognitive Neurology, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Jorge Busciglio
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, UCI-MIND Institute, and Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - A Claudio Cuello
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Visiting Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
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15
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Wang Y, Leppert A, Tan S, van der Gaag B, Li N, Schultzberg M, Hjorth E. Maresin 1 attenuates pro-inflammatory activation induced by β-amyloid and stimulates its uptake. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:434-447. [PMID: 33225628 PMCID: PMC7810927 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia, characterized by pathological accumulation of β‐amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, together with a damaging chronic inflammation. The lack of effective treatments urgently warrants new therapeutic strategies. Resolution of inflammation, associated with beneficial and regenerative activities, is mediated by specialized pro‐resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) including maresin 1 (MaR1). Decreased levels of MaR1 have been observed in AD brains. However, the pro‐resolving role of MaR1 in AD has not been fully investigated. In the present study, human monocyte‐derived microglia (MdM) and a differentiated human monocyte cell line (THP‐1 cells) exposed to Aβ were used as models of AD neuroinflammation. We have studied the potential of MaR1 to inhibit pro‐inflammatory activation of Aβ and assessed its ability to stimulate phagocytosis of Aβ42. MaR1 inhibited the Aβ42‐induced increase in cytokine secretion and stimulated the uptake of Aβ42 in both MdM and differentiated THP‐1 cells. MaR1 was also found to decrease chemokine secretion and reduce the associated increase in the activation marker CD40. Activation of kinases involved in transduction of inflammation was not affected by MaR1, but the activity of nuclear factor (NF)‐κB was decreased. Our data show that MaR1 exerts effects that indicate a pro‐resolving role in the context of AD and thus presents itself as a potential therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Axel Leppert
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Shuai Tan
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology Group, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Bram van der Gaag
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Nailin Li
- Department of Medicine, Clinical Pharmacology Group, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Marianne Schultzberg
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Erik Hjorth
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences & Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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16
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Ford E, Pearlman J, Ruan T, Manion J, Waller M, Neely GG, Caron L. Human Pluripotent Stem Cells-Based Therapies for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Status and Challenges. Cells 2020; 9:E2517. [PMID: 33233861 PMCID: PMC7699962 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by irreversible cell damage, loss of neuronal cells and limited regeneration potential of the adult nervous system. Pluripotent stem cells are capable of differentiating into the multitude of cell types that compose the central and peripheral nervous systems and so have become the major focus of cell replacement therapies for the treatment of neurological disorders. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC) and human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cells have both been extensively studied as cell therapies in a wide range of neurodegenerative disease models in rodents and non-human primates, including Parkinson's disease, stroke, epilepsy, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and pain. In this review, we discuss the latest progress made with stem cell therapies targeting these pathologies. We also evaluate the challenges in clinical application of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based therapies including risk of oncogenesis and tumor formation, immune rejection and difficulty in regeneration of the heterogeneous cell types composing the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ford
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.F.); (J.P.); (T.R.); (J.M.); (M.W.); (G.G.N.)
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Jodie Pearlman
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.F.); (J.P.); (T.R.); (J.M.); (M.W.); (G.G.N.)
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Travis Ruan
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.F.); (J.P.); (T.R.); (J.M.); (M.W.); (G.G.N.)
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - John Manion
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.F.); (J.P.); (T.R.); (J.M.); (M.W.); (G.G.N.)
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Departments of Surgery and Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew Waller
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.F.); (J.P.); (T.R.); (J.M.); (M.W.); (G.G.N.)
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Gregory G. Neely
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.F.); (J.P.); (T.R.); (J.M.); (M.W.); (G.G.N.)
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Leslie Caron
- Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Charles Perkins Centre, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (E.F.); (J.P.); (T.R.); (J.M.); (M.W.); (G.G.N.)
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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17
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Deyama S. [Resolvins as novel targets for rapid-acting antidepressants]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2020; 155:381-385. [PMID: 33132254 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.20044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Conventional monoaminergic antidepressants have significant limitations, including delayed onset of therapeutic response and relatively low efficacy. Recent studies reveal that the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine produces rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant depressed patients. Despite the unique antidepressant efficacy, clinical use of ketamine as an antidepressant is limited due to its serious drawbacks, such as abuse potential and psychotomimetic/dissociative effects. The molecular and neuronal mechanisms underlying the antidepressant actions of ketamine have been intensively studied to pave the way for the development of novel, rapid and more efficacious antidepressants with fewer side effects than ketamine. Preclinical studies demonstrate that ketamine produces antidepressant effects through rapid release and/or expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and stimulation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. We have recently found that resolvins (RvD1, RvD2, RvE1, RvE2 and RvE3), bioactive metabolites derived from docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, produce antidepressant effects, and that the antidepressant effects of RvD1, RvD2 and RvE1 require mTORC1 activation. These findings suggest that resolvins could be promising targets for the development of novel rapid antidepressants with fewer side effects than ketamine because they are endogenous lipid mediators that play an important role in homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Deyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
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18
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Zhang J, Xu A, Niu T, Liu C, Zhang Y, Li T, Wang J, Wang Y, Sun D. A unique radioprotective effect of resolvin E1 reduces irradiation-induced damage to the inner ear by inhibiting the inflammatory response. Radiat Oncol 2020; 15:223. [PMID: 32977807 PMCID: PMC7517621 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-020-01662-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In addition to the direct effects of irradiation, the induced inflammatory response may play an important role in the damage to the inner ear caused by radiotherapy for the treatment of head and neck cancers. Resolvin E1 (RvE1) has anti-inflammatory activity, acting by reducing neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Therefore, in this study we sought to confirm whether the inflammation induced by irradiation was involved in damage to the inner ear after radiotherapy and to investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanism of RvE1 using mouse models. Methods A dose of RvE1 was delivered by intraperitoneal injection to mice before irradiation. Changes in the auditory brainstem response (ABR), relative balance ability, inner ear morphology and the expression levels of inflammatory factors in the inner ear were analyzed on days 7 and 14 after irradiation and compared among different experimental groups. Results Changes of ABR and relative balance ability showed the inner functions of experimental mice presented severe damage after irradiation, but the damage was significantly alleviated after RvE1 pretreatment compared to irradiation alone. Morphological analysis of the inner ear showed severe damage to the cochlea and vestibule after irradiation. In contrast, damage to the cochlea and vestibule was significantly reduced in the RvE1-pretreated group compared to that in the irradiation alone group. Along with these functional and morphological changes, the mRNA expression level of anti-inflammatory factors interleukin-2 was significantly increased, while those of proinflammatory factors interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly decreased in the inner ear of mice after RvE1 pretreatment compared to irradiation alone. Conclusions We believe that inflammation induced by irradiation is involved in the damage to the inner ear caused by radiotherapy, and that RvE1 reduces the damage caused by irradiation to the inner ear by regulating the induced inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology & NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Anting Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology & NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tingting Niu
- Department of Medical Technology, the Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, 250102, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology & NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yongju Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology & NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Otolaryngology & NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jihua Wang
- Cancer Center, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, No.247 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yongjing Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dianshui Sun
- Cancer Center, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, No.247 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, China.
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19
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Pal A, Al-Shaer AE, Guesdon W, Torres MJ, Armstrong M, Quinn K, Davis T, Reisdorph N, Neufer PD, Spangenburg EE, Carroll I, Bazinet RP, Halade GV, Clària J, Shaikh SR. Resolvin E1 derived from eicosapentaenoic acid prevents hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia in a host genetic manner. FASEB J 2020; 34:10640-10656. [PMID: 32579292 PMCID: PMC7497168 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000830r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) has garnered attention after the success of the REDUCE‐IT trial, which contradicted previous conclusions on EPA for cardiovascular disease risk. Here we first investigated EPA's preventative role on hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. EPA ethyl esters prevented obesity‐induced glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperglycemia in C57BL/6J mice. Supporting NHANES analyses showed that fasting glucose levels of obese adults were inversely related to EPA intake. We next investigated how EPA improved murine hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. EPA overturned the obesity‐driven decrement in the concentration of 18‐hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18‐HEPE) in white adipose tissue and liver. Treatment of obese inbred mice with RvE1, the downstream immunoresolvant metabolite of 18‐HEPE, but not 18‐HEPE itself, reversed hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia through the G‐protein coupled receptor ERV1/ChemR23. To translate the findings, we determined if the effects of RvE1 were dependent on host genetics. RvE1's effects on hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia were divergent in diversity outbred mice that model human genetic variation. Secondary SNP analyses further confirmed extensive genetic variation in human RvE1/EPA‐metabolizing genes. Collectively, the data suggest EPA prevents hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, in part, through RvE1's activation of ERV1/ChemR23 in a host genetic manner. The studies underscore the need for personalized administration of RvE1 based on genetic/metabolic enzyme profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandita Pal
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Abrar E Al-Shaer
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - William Guesdon
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Maria J Torres
- Department of Physiology, East Carolina Diabetes & Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Michael Armstrong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kevin Quinn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Traci Davis
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nichole Reisdorph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - P Darrell Neufer
- Department of Physiology, East Carolina Diabetes & Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Espen E Spangenburg
- Department of Physiology, East Carolina Diabetes & Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Ian Carroll
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Richard P Bazinet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ganesh V Halade
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, The University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joan Clària
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Saame Raza Shaikh
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Li C, Wu X, Liu S, Shen D, Zhu J, Liu K. Role of Resolvins in the Inflammatory Resolution of Neurological Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:612. [PMID: 32457616 PMCID: PMC7225325 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of neurological diseases including neurodegenerative disorders, neuroimmune diseases, and cerebrovascular disorders is closely related to neuroinflammation. Inflammation is a response against infection or injury. Genetic abnormalities, the aging process, or environmental factors can lead to dysregulation of the inflammatory response. Our immune system can cause massive damage when the inflammatory response becomes dysregulated. Inflammatory resolution is an effective process that terminates the inflammatory response to maintain health. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are omega-three polyunsaturated fatty acids that play a crucial regulatory role in the development of inflammation. Resolvins (Rvs) derived from EPA and DHA constitute the Rvs E and Rvs D series, respectively. Numerous studies on the effect of Rvs over inflammation using animal models reveal that they have both anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving capabilities. Here, we review the current knowledge on the classification, biosynthesis, receptors, mechanisms of action, and role of Rvs in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Li
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Donghui Shen
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kangding Liu
- Neuroscience Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Penke B, Szűcs M, Bogár F. Oligomerization and Conformational Change Turn Monomeric β-Amyloid and Tau Proteins Toxic: Their Role in Alzheimer's Pathogenesis. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071659. [PMID: 32260279 PMCID: PMC7180792 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural polymorphism and the physiological and pathophysiological roles of two important proteins, β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, that play a key role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are reviewed. Recent results demonstrate that monomeric Aβ has important physiological functions. Toxic oligomeric Aβ assemblies (AβOs) may play a decisive role in AD pathogenesis. The polymorph fibrillar Aβ (fAβ) form has a very ordered cross-β structure and is assumed to be non-toxic. Tau monomers also have several important physiological actions; however, their oligomerization leads to toxic oligomers (TauOs). Further polymerization results in probably non-toxic fibrillar structures, among others neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Their structure was determined by cryo-electron microscopy at atomic level. Both AβOs and TauOs may initiate neurodegenerative processes, and their interactions and crosstalk determine the pathophysiological changes in AD. TauOs (perhaps also AβO) have prionoid character, and they may be responsible for cell-to-cell spreading of the disease. Both extra- and intracellular AβOs and TauOs (and not the previously hypothesized amyloid plaques and NFTs) may represent the novel targets of AD drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botond Penke
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.S.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mária Szűcs
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Ferenc Bogár
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (M.S.); (F.B.)
- MTA-SZTE Biomimetic Systems Research Group, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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