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Solar KG, Treit S, Beaulieu C. High resolution diffusion tensor imaging of the hippocampus across the healthy lifespan. Hippocampus 2021; 31:1271-1284. [PMID: 34599623 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The human hippocampus is difficult to image given its small size, location, shape, and complex internal architecture. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown age-related hippocampal volume changes that vary along the anterior-posterior axis. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provides complementary measures related to microstructure, but there are few hippocampus DTI studies investigating change with age in healthy participants, and all have been limited by low spatial resolution. The current study uses high resolution 1 mm isotropic DTI of 153 healthy volunteers aged 5-74 years to investigate diffusion and volume trajectories of the hippocampus (whole, head, body, and tail) and correlations with memory. Hippocampal volume showed age-related changes that differed between head (peaking at midlife), body (no changes), and tail (decreasing across the age span). Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean, axial, and radial diffusivities (MD, AD, RD) yielded peaks or minima, respectively, at ~30-35 years in all three subregions of the hippocampus. Greater magnitude changes were observed during development than in aging. Age trajectories for both volume and DTI were similar between males and females. Correlations between tests of memory and FA and/or volume were significant in younger subjects (5-17 years), but not in 18-49 year olds or 50-74 year olds. MD was significantly correlated with memory performance in 18-49 year olds, but not in other age groups. Given the diffusion-weighted image contrast and resolution, head digitations could be examined revealing that the majority of subjects had 3-4 (48%) or 2 (32%) bilaterally with no effect of age. One millimeter isotropic DTI yielded high quality diffusion-weighted maps of the human hippocampus that showed regionally specific age effects and cognitive correlations along the anterior-posterior axis from 5 to 74 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Grant Solar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sarah Treit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christian Beaulieu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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2
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Fraser MA, Walsh EI, Shaw ME, Abhayaratna WP, Anstey KJ, Sachdev PS, Cherbuin N. Longitudinal trajectories of hippocampal volume in middle to older age community dwelling individuals. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 97:97-105. [PMID: 33190123 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Understanding heterogeneity in brain aging trajectories is important to estimate the extent to which aging outcomes can be optimized. Although brain changes in late life are well-characterized, brain changes in middle age are not well understood. In this study, we investigated hippocampal change in a generally healthy community-living population of middle (n = 421, mean age 47.2 years) and older age (n = 411, mean age 63.0 years) individuals, over a follow-up of up to 12 years. Manually traced hippocampal volumes were analyzed using multilevel models and latent class analysis to investigate longitudinal aging trajectories and laterality and sex effects, and to identify subgroups that follow different aging trajectories. Hippocampal volumes decreased on average by 0.18%/year in middle age and 0.3%/year in older age. Men tended to experience steeper declines than women in middle age only. Three subgroups of individuals following different trajectories were identified in middle age and 2 in older age. Contrary to expectations, the subgroup containing two-thirds of older age participants maintained stable hippocampal volumes across the follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Fraser
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
| | - Erin I Walsh
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; Population Health Exchange, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Marnie E Shaw
- ANU College of Engineering & Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Walter P Abhayaratna
- College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Kaarin J Anstey
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia; Ageing Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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3
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Hou M, de Chastelaine M, Jayakumar M, Donley BE, Rugg MD. Recollection-related hippocampal fMRI effects predict longitudinal memory change in healthy older adults. Neuropsychologia 2020; 146:107537. [PMID: 32569610 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prior fMRI studies have reported relationships between memory-related activity in the hippocampus and in-scanner memory performance, but whether such activity is predictive of longitudinal memory change remains unclear. Here, we administered a neuropsychological test battery to a sample of cognitively healthy older adults on three occasions, the second and third sessions occurring one month and three years after the first session. Structural and functional MRI data were acquired between the first two sessions. The fMRI data were derived from an associative recognition procedure and allowed estimation of hippocampal effects associated with both successful associative encoding and successful associative recognition (recollection). Baseline memory performance and memory change were evaluated using memory component scores derived from a principal components analysis of the neuropsychological test scores. Across participants, right hippocampal encoding effects correlated significantly with baseline memory performance after controlling for chronological age. Additionally, both left and right hippocampal associative recognition effects correlated negatively with longitudinal memory decline after controlling for age, and the relationship with the left hippocampal effect remained after also controlling for left hippocampal volume. Thus, in cognitively healthy older adults, the magnitude of hippocampal recollection effects appears to be a robust predictor of future memory change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Hou
- Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
| | - Marianne de Chastelaine
- Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Manasi Jayakumar
- Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Brian E Donley
- Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Michael D Rugg
- Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA; School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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Chen F, Bertelsen AB, Holm IE, Nyengaard JR, Rosenberg R, Dorph-Petersen KA. Hippocampal volume and cell number in depression, schizophrenia, and suicide subjects. Brain Res 2020; 1727:146546. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Nobis L, Manohar SG, Smith SM, Alfaro-Almagro F, Jenkinson M, Mackay CE, Husain M. Hippocampal volume across age: Nomograms derived from over 19,700 people in UK Biobank. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 23:101904. [PMID: 31254939 PMCID: PMC6603440 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of hippocampal volume has proven useful to diagnose and track progression in several brain disorders, most notably in Alzheimer's disease (AD). For example, an objective evaluation of a patient's hippocampal volume status may provide important information that can assist diagnosis or risk stratification of AD. However, clinicians and researchers require access to age-related normative percentiles to reliably categorise a patient's hippocampal volume as being pathologically small. Here we analysed effects of age, sex, and hemisphere on the hippocampus and neighbouring temporal lobe volumes, in 19,793 generally healthy participants in the UK Biobank. A key finding of the current study is a significant acceleration in the rate of hippocampal volume loss in middle age, more pronounced in females than in males. In this report, we provide normative values for hippocampal and total grey matter volume as a function of age for reference in clinical and research settings. These normative values may be used in combination with our online, automated percentile estimation tool to provide a rapid, objective evaluation of an individual's hippocampal volume status. The data provide a large-scale normative database to facilitate easy age-adjusted determination of where an individual hippocampal and temporal lobe volume lies within the normal distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Nobis
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Sanjay G Manohar
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen M Smith
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Fidel Alfaro-Almagro
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark Jenkinson
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Clare E Mackay
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Masud Husain
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Rhindress K, Robinson DG, Gallego JA, Wellington R, Malhotra AK, Szeszko PR. Hippocampal subregion volume changes associated with antipsychotic treatment in first-episode psychosis. Psychol Med 2017; 47:1706-1718. [PMID: 28193301 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717000137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hippocampal dysfunction is considered central to many neurobiological models of schizophrenia, yet there are few longitudinal in vivo neuroimaging studies that have investigated the relationship between antipsychotic treatment and morphologic changes within specific hippocampal subregions among patients with psychosis. METHOD A total of 29 patients experiencing a first episode of psychosis with little or no prior antipsychotic exposure received structural neuroimaging examinations at illness onset and then following 12 weeks of treatment with either risperidone or aripiprazole in a double-blind randomized clinical trial. In addition, 29 healthy volunteers received structural neuroimaging examinations at baseline and 12-week time points. We manually delineated six hippocampal subregions [i.e. anterior cornu ammonis (CA) 1-3, posterior CA1-3, subiculum, dentate gyrus/CA4, entorhinal cortex, and fimbria] from 3T magnetic resonance images using an established method with high inter- and intra-rater reliability. RESULTS Following antipsychotic treatment patients demonstrated significant reductions in dentate gyrus/CA4 volume and increases in subiculum volume. Healthy volunteers demonstrated non-significant volumetric changes in these subregions across the two time points. We observed a significant quadratic (i.e. inverted U) association between changes in dentate gyrus/CA4 volume and cumulative antipsychotic dosage between the scans. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence to our knowledge regarding longitudinal in vivo volumetric changes within specific hippocampal subregions in patients with psychosis following antipsychotic treatment. The finding of a non-linear relationship between changes in dentate gyrus/CA4 subregion volume and antipsychotic exposure may provide new avenues into understanding dosing strategies for therapeutic interventions relevant to neurobiological models of hippocampal dysfunction in psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rhindress
- Department of Psychiatry,New York University School of Medicine,New York, NY,USA
| | - D G Robinson
- Department of Psychiatry,Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine,Hempstead, NY,USA
| | - J A Gallego
- Department of Psychiatry,Weill Cornell Medical College,White Plains, NY,USA
| | - R Wellington
- Department of Psychology,St John's University,Queens, NY,USA
| | - A K Malhotra
- Department of Psychiatry,Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine,Hempstead, NY,USA
| | - P R Szeszko
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center,Bronx, NY,USA
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Abstract
The evolutionary success of Homo sapiens is attributed to the following two factors: the upright body posture (which freed our hands and allowed unconstrained operation of various objects) and intensive development of the frontal lobes, mainly the Broca area of the brain. Underlining the uniqueness of the human brain, we often forget about the fact that the frontal lobes – the most developed part of the brain – are at the same time our greatest weakness, exposed to the action of damaging factors in our evolving environment. Is depression the cost of evolution?
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Gałecki
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Monika Talarowska
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
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Tan A, Ma W, Vira A, Marwha D, Eliot L. The human hippocampus is not sexually-dimorphic: Meta-analysis of structural MRI volumes. Neuroimage 2016; 124:350-366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Ye AQ, Zhan L, Conrin S, GadElKarim J, Zhang A, Yang S, Feusner JD, Kumar A, Ajilore O, Leow A. Measuring embeddedness: Hierarchical scale-dependent information exchange efficiency of the human brain connectome. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:3653-65. [PMID: 26096223 PMCID: PMC4898972 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a novel approach for understanding information exchange efficiency and its decay across hierarchies of modularity, from local to global, of the structural human brain connectome. Magnetic resonance imaging techniques have allowed us to study the human brain connectivity as a graph, which can then be analyzed using a graph-theoretical approach. Collectively termed brain connectomics, these sophisticated mathematical techniques have revealed that the brain connectome, like many networks, is highly modular and brain regions can thus be organized into communities or modules. Here, using tractography-informed structural connectomes from 46 normal healthy human subjects, we constructed the hierarchical modularity of the structural connectome using bifurcating dendrograms. Moving from fine to coarse (i.e., local to global) up the connectome's hierarchy, we computed the rate of decay of a new metric that hierarchically preferentially weighs the information exchange between two nodes in the same module. By computing "embeddedness"-the ratio between nodal efficiency and this decay rate, one could thus probe the relative scale-invariant information exchange efficiency of the human brain. Results suggest that regions that exhibit high embeddedness are those that comprise the limbic system, the default mode network, and the subcortical nuclei. This supports the presence of near-decomposability overall yet relative embeddedness in select areas of the brain. The areas we identified as highly embedded are varied in function but are arguably linked in the evolutionary role they play in memory, emotion and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Q. Ye
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Liang Zhan
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
| | - Sean Conrin
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Johnson GadElKarim
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Aifeng Zhang
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Shaolin Yang
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Jamie D. Feusner
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
| | - Anand Kumar
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Olusola Ajilore
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Alex Leow
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
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10
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Calabrese E, Badea A, Coe CL, Lubach GR, Shi Y, Styner MA, Johnson GA. A diffusion tensor MRI atlas of the postmortem rhesus macaque brain. Neuroimage 2015; 117:408-16. [PMID: 26037056 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) is the most widely used nonhuman primate for modeling the structure and function of the brain. Brain atlases, and particularly those based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have become important tools for understanding normal brain structure, and for identifying structural abnormalities resulting from disease states, exposures, and/or aging. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based MRI brain atlases are widely used in both human and macaque brain imaging studies because of the unique contrasts, quantitative diffusion metrics, and diffusion tractography that they can provide. Previous MRI and DTI atlases of the rhesus brain have been limited by low contrast and/or low spatial resolution imaging. Here we present a microscopic resolution MRI/DTI atlas of the rhesus brain based on 10 postmortem brain specimens. The atlas includes both structural MRI and DTI image data, a detailed three-dimensional segmentation of 241 anatomic structures, diffusion tractography, cortical thickness estimates, and maps of anatomic variability among atlas specimens. This atlas incorporates many useful features from previous work, including anatomic label nomenclature and ontology, data orientation, and stereotaxic reference frame, and further extends prior analyses with the inclusion of high-resolution multi-contrast image data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Calabrese
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Alexandra Badea
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christopher L Coe
- Harlow Center for Biological Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Gabriele R Lubach
- Harlow Center for Biological Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Yundi Shi
- Department of Computer Science, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Martin A Styner
- Department of Computer Science, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - G Allan Johnson
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Delineation of hippocampal subregions using T1-weighted magnetic resonance images at 3 Tesla. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 220:3259-72. [PMID: 25081550 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Although several novel approaches for hippocampal subregion delineation have been developed, they need to be applied prospectively and may be limited by long scan times, the use of high field (>3T) imaging systems, and limited reliability metrics. Moreover, the majority of MR imaging data collected to date has employed a T1-weighted acquisition, creating a critical need for an approach that provides reliable hippocampal subregion segmentation using such a contrast. We present a highly reliable approach for the identification of six subregions comprising the hippocampal formation from MR images including the subiculum, dentate gyrus/cornu Ammonis 4 (DG/CA4), entorhinal cortex, fimbria, and anterior and posterior segments of cornu Ammonis 1-3 (CA1-3). MR images were obtained in the coronal plane using a standard 3D spoiled gradient sequence acquired on a GE 3T scanner through the whole head in approximately 10 min. The average ICC for inter-rater reliability across right and left volumetric regions-of-interest was 0.85 (range 0.71-0.98, median 0.86) and the average ICC for intra-rater reliability was 0.92 (range 0.66-0.99, median 0.97). The mean Dice index for inter-rater reliability across right and left hemisphere subregions was 0.75 (range 0.70-0.81, median 0.75) and the mean Dice index for intra-rater reliability was 0.85 (range 0.82-0.90, median 0.85). An investigation of hippocampal asymmetry revealed significantly greater right compared to left hemisphere volumes in the anterior segment of CA1-3 and in the subiculum.
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