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Gong X, Hu B, Liao S, Qi B, He Q, Xia LX. Neural basis of reward expectancy inducing proactive aggression. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 24:694-706. [PMID: 38819625 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-024-01192-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Proactive aggression refers to deliberate and unprovoked behavior, typically motivated by personal gain or expected reward. Reward expectancy is generally recognized as a critical factor that may influence proactive aggression, but its neural mechanisms remain unknown. We conducted a task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment to investigate the relationship between reward expectancy and proactive aggression. 37 participants (20 females, mean age = 20.8 ± 1.42, age range = 18-23 years) completed a reward-harm task. In the experiment, reward valence expectancy and reward possibility expectancy were manipulated respectively by varying amounts (low: 0.5-1.5 yuan; high: 10.5-11.5 yuan) and possibilities (low: 10%-30%; high: 70%-90%) of money that participants could obtain by choosing to aggress. Participants received fMRI scans throughout the experiment. Brain activation regions associated with reward expectancy mainly involve the middle frontal gyrus, lingual gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, anterior cuneus, caudate nucleus, inferior frontal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, anterior central gyrus, and posterior central gyrus. Associations between brain activation and reward expectancy in the left insula, left middle frontal gyrus, left thalamus, and right middle frontal gyrus were found to be related to proactive aggression. Furthermore, the brain activation regions primarily involved in proactive aggression induced by reward expectancy were the insula, inferior frontal gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, pallidum, and caudate nucleus. Under conditions of high reward expectancy, participants engage in more proactive aggressive behavior. Reward expectancy involves the activation of reward- and social-cognition-related brain regions, and these associations are instrumental in proactive aggressive decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Gong
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Bohua Hu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Senrong Liao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Bingxin Qi
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qinghua He
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Ling-Xiang Xia
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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2
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Li G, Jiang S, Meng J, Wu Z, Jiang H, Fan Z, Hu J, Sheng X, Zhang D, Schalk G, Chen L, Zhu X. Spatio-temporal evolution of human neural activity during visually cued hand movements. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:9764-9777. [PMID: 37464883 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Making hand movements in response to visual cues is common in daily life. It has been well known that this process activates multiple areas in the brain, but how these neural activations progress across space and time remains largely unknown. Taking advantage of intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) recordings using depth and subdural electrodes from 36 human subjects using the same task, we applied single-trial and cross-trial analyses to high-frequency iEEG activity. The results show that the neural activation was widely distributed across the human brain both within and on the surface of the brain, and focused specifically on certain areas in the parietal, frontal, and occipital lobes, where parietal lobes present significant left lateralization on the activation. We also demonstrate temporal differences across these brain regions. Finally, we evaluated the degree to which the timing of activity within these regions was related to sensory or motor function. The findings of this study promote the understanding of task-related neural processing of the human brain, and may provide important insights for translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangye Li
- Institute of Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shize Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jianjun Meng
- Institute of Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zehan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Haiteng Jiang
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310013, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xinjun Sheng
- Institute of Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dingguo Zhang
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Gerwin Schalk
- Chen Frontier Lab for Applied Neurotechnology, Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute, Shanghai 200052, China
- Department of Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhu
- Institute of Robotics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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3
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Schwell G, Kozol Z, Tarshansky D, Einat M, Frenkel-Toledo S. The effect of action observation combined with high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation on motor performance in healthy adults: A randomized controlled trial. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1126510. [PMID: 36936614 PMCID: PMC10014919 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1126510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Action observation (AO) can improve motor performance in humans, probably via the human mirror neuron system. In addition, there is some evidence that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can improve motor performance. However, it is yet to be determined whether AO combined with tDCS has an enhanced effect on motor performance. We investigated the effect of AO combined with high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) targeting the inferior parietal lobe (IPL) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), the main aggregates of the human mirror neuron system, on motor performance in healthy adults and compared the immediate vs. 24-h retention test effects (anodal electrodes were placed over these regions of interest). Sixty participants were randomly divided into three groups that received one of the following single-session interventions: (1) observation of a video clip that presented reaching movement sequences toward five lighted units + active HD-tDCS stimulation (AO + active HD-tDCS group); (2) observation of a video clip that presented the same reaching movement sequences + sham HD-tDCS stimulation (AO + sham HD-tDCS group); and (3) observation of a video clip that presented neutral movie while receiving sham stimulation (NM + sham HD-tDCS group). Subjects' reaching performance was tested before and immediately after each intervention and following 24 h. Subjects performed reaching movements toward units that were activated in the same order as the observed sequence during pretest, posttest, and retest. Occasionally, the sequence order was changed by beginning the sequence unexpectedly with a different activated unit. Outcome measures included mean Reaching Time and difference between the Reaching Time of the unexpected and expected reaching movements (Delta). In the posttest and retest, Reaching Time and Delta improved in the AO + sham HD-tDCS group compared to the NM + HD-sham tDCS group. In addition, at posttest, Delta improved in the AO + active HD-tDCS group compared to the NM + sham HD-tDCS group. It appears that combining a montage of active HD-tDCS, which targets the IPL and IFG, with AO interferes with the positive effects of AO alone on the performance of reaching movement sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gidon Schwell
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Zvi Kozol
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - David Tarshansky
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Moshe Einat
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Silvi Frenkel-Toledo
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Loewenstein Rehabilitation Medical Center, Ra’anana, Israel
- *Correspondence: Silvi Frenkel-Toledo,
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4
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Khalsa SS, Victor TA, Kuplicki R, Yeh HW, Vanover KE, Paulus MP, Davis RE. Single doses of a highly selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 1 (lenrispodun) in healthy volunteers: a randomized pharmaco-fMRI clinical trial. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:1844-1853. [PMID: 35488084 PMCID: PMC9372139 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lenrispodun is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 1, which is thought to prolong intracellular second messenger signaling within cortical and subcortical dopaminergic brain regions. This is the first study of a PDE1 inhibitor in healthy volunteers using behavioral and neuroimaging approaches to examine its effects on neural targets and to provide a safety and tolerability assessment. The primary objectives were to determine whether lenrispodun induces changes in BOLD fMRI signals in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) during the stop signal task, and the dorsal anterior insula (dAI) during the extinction phase of a fear conditioning/extinction task. Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subjects design, 26 healthy individuals (22 completed all fMRI sessions) received in random order a single oral dose of placebo, lenrispodun 1.0 milligram (mg) or lenrispodun 10.0 mg and completed several tasks in the scanner including the stop signal (n = 24) and fear conditioning/extinction tasks (n = 22). Prespecified region-of-interest analyses for the IFG and dAI were computed using linear mixed models. Lenrispodun induced increases in IFG activity during the stop signal task at 1.0 mg (Cohen's d = 0.63) but not 10.0 mg (Cohen's d = 0.07) vs. placebo. Lenrispodun did not induce changes in dAI activity during fear extinction at either dose. Exploratory outcomes revealed changes in cardiac interoception. Lenrispodun administration was well-tolerated. These results provide evidence that 1.0 mg lenrispodun selectively improved neural inhibitory control without altering fear extinction processing. Future investigations should determine whether lenrispodun improves inhibitory control in target populations such as individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03489772.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahib S Khalsa
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA.
| | | | | | - Hung-Wen Yeh
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Health Services and Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
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5
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Leunissen I, Van Steenkiste M, Heise KF, Monteiro TS, Dunovan K, Mantini D, Coxon JP, Swinnen SP. Effects of beta-band and gamma-band rhythmic stimulation on motor inhibition. iScience 2022; 25:104338. [PMID: 35602965 PMCID: PMC9117874 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate whether beta oscillations are causally related to motor inhibition, thirty-six participants underwent two concurrent transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and electroencephalography (EEG) sessions during which either beta (20 Hz) or gamma (70 Hz) stimulation was applied while participants performed a stop-signal task. In addition, we acquired magnetic resonance images to simulate the electric field during tACS. 20 Hz stimulation targeted at the pre-supplementary motor area enhanced inhibition and increased beta oscillatory power around the time of the stop-signal in trials directly following stimulation. The increase in inhibition on stop trials followed a dose-response relationship with the strength of the individually simulated electric field. Computational modeling revealed that 20 and 70 Hz stimulation had opposite effects on the braking process. These results highlight that the effects of tACS are state-dependent and demonstrate that fronto-central beta activity is causally related to successful motor inhibition, supporting its use as a functional biomarker. Beta tACS over preSMA improved motor inhibition Gamma tACS slowed down the stop process but primarily affected movement execution Beta tACS resulted in higher beta spectral power around the time of the stop-signal Effects of tACS showed a dose-response relationship with electric field strength
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Leunissen
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Section Brain Stimulation and Cognition, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Manon Van Steenkiste
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kirstin-Friederike Heise
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thiago Santos Monteiro
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kyle Dunovan
- Department of Psychology and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Dante Mantini
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, 30126, Venice, Italy
| | - James P Coxon
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Stephan P Swinnen
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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6
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Kuo CH, Casimo K, Wu J, Collins K, Rice P, Chen BW, Yang SH, Lo YC, Novotny EJ, Weaver KE, Chen YY, Ojemann JG. Electrocorticography to Investigate Age-Related Brain Lateralization on Pediatric Motor Inhibition. Front Neurol 2022; 13:747053. [PMID: 35330804 PMCID: PMC8940229 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.747053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition refers to the ability to suppress inappropriate actions that interfere with goal-driven behavior. The inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) is known to be associated with inhibition of a motor response by assuming executive control over motor cortex outputs. This study aimed to evaluate the pediatric development of response inhibition through subdural electrocorticography (ECoG) recording. Subdural ECoG recorded neural activities simultaneously during a Go/No-Go task, which was optimized for children. Different frequency power [theta: 4–8 Hz; beta: 12–40 Hz; high-gamma (HG): 70–200 Hz] was estimated within the IFG and motor cortex. Age-related analysis was computed by each bandpass power ratio between Go and No-Go conditions, and phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) over IFG by using the modulating index metric in two conditions. For all the eight pediatric patients, HG power was more activated in No-Go trials than in Go trials, in either right- or left-side IFG when available. In the IFG region, the power over theta and HG in No-Go conditions was higher than those in Go conditions, with significance over the right side (p < 0.05). The age-related lateralization from both sides to the right side was observed from the ratio of HG power and PAC value between the No-Go and Go trials. In the pediatric population, the role of motor inhibition was observed in both IFG, with age-related lateralization to the right side, which was proved in the previous functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. In this study, the evidence correlation of age and response inhibition was observed directly by the evidence of cortical recordings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hung Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kaitlyn Casimo
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Center for Neurotechnology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Neurotechnology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kelly Collins
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Patrick Rice
- Department of Psychology, Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Bo-Wei Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hung Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lo
- The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Edward J Novotny
- Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kurt E Weaver
- Department of Radiology, Integrated Brain Imaging Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Center for Neurotechnology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - You-Yin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey G Ojemann
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Center for Neurotechnology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Departments of Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States
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7
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Li G, Jiang S, Meng J, Chai G, Wu Z, Fan Z, Hu J, Sheng X, Zhang D, Chen L, Zhu X. Assessing differential representation of hand movements in multiple domains using stereo-electroencephalographic recordings. Neuroimage 2022; 250:118969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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8
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Choo Y, Matzke D, Bowren MD, Tranel D, Wessel JR. Right inferior frontal gyrus damage is associated with impaired initiation of inhibitory control, but not its implementation. eLife 2022; 11:79667. [PMID: 36583378 PMCID: PMC9803357 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory control is one of the most important control functions in the human brain. Much of our understanding of its neural basis comes from seminal work showing that lesions to the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) increase stop-signal reaction time (SSRT), a latent variable that expresses the speed of inhibitory control. However, recent work has identified substantial limitations of the SSRT method. Notably, SSRT is confounded by trigger failures: stop-signal trials in which inhibitory control was never initiated. Such trials inflate SSRT, but are typically indicative of attentional, rather than inhibitory deficits. Here, we used hierarchical Bayesian modeling to identify stop-signal trigger failures in human rIFG lesion patients, non-rIFG lesion patients, and healthy comparisons. Furthermore, we measured scalp-EEG to detect β-bursts, a neurophysiological index of inhibitory control. rIFG lesion patients showed a more than fivefold increase in trigger failure trials and did not exhibit the typical increase of stop-related frontal β-bursts. However, on trials in which such β-bursts did occur, rIFG patients showed the typical subsequent upregulation of β over sensorimotor areas, indicating that their ability to implement inhibitory control, once triggered, remains intact. These findings suggest that the role of rIFG in inhibitory control has to be fundamentally reinterpreted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojeong Choo
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States,Cognitive Control Collaborative, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Dora Matzke
- Department of Psychology, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Mark D Bowren
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Daniel Tranel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States,Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityUnited States
| | - Jan R Wessel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States,Cognitive Control Collaborative, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States,Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and ClinicsIowa CityUnited States
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9
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Diesburg DA, Wessel JR. The Pause-then-Cancel model of human action-stopping: Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 129:17-34. [PMID: 34293402 PMCID: PMC8574992 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ability to stop already-initiated actions is a key cognitive control ability. Recent work on human action-stopping has been dominated by two controversial debates. First, the contributions (and neural signatures) of attentional orienting and motor inhibition after stop-signals are near-impossible to disentangle. Second, the timing of purportedly inhibitory (neuro)physiological activity after stop-signals has called into question which neural signatures reflect processes that actually contribute to action-stopping. Here, we propose that a two-stage model of action-stopping - proposed by Schmidt and Berke (2017) based on subcortical rodent recordings - may resolve these controversies. Translating this model to humans, we first argue that attentional orienting and motor inhibition are inseparable because orienting to salient events like stop-signals automatically invokes broad motor inhibition, reflecting a fast-acting, ubiquitous Pause process. We then argue that inhibitory signatures after stop-signals differ in latency because they map onto two sequential stages: the salience-related Pause and a slower, stop-specific Cancel process. We formulate the model, discuss recent supporting evidence in humans, and interpret existing data within its context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy A Diesburg
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Jan R Wessel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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10
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Towards real-world generalizability of a circuit for action-stopping. Nat Rev Neurosci 2021; 22:538-552. [PMID: 34326532 PMCID: PMC8972073 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-021-00485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Two decades of cross-species neuroscience research on rapid action-stopping in the laboratory has provided motivation for an underlying prefrontal-basal ganglia circuit. Here we provide an update of key studies from the past few years. We conclude that this basic neural circuit is on increasingly firm ground, and we move on to consider whether the action-stopping function implemented by this circuit applies beyond the simple laboratory stop signal task. We advance through a series of studies of increasing 'real-worldness', starting with laboratory tests of stopping of speech, gait and bodily functions, and then going beyond the laboratory to consider neural recordings and stimulation during moments of control presumably required in everyday activities such as walking and driving. We end by asking whether stopping research has clinical relevance, focusing on movement disorders such as stuttering, tics and freezing of gait. Overall, we conclude there are hints that the prefrontal-basal ganglia action-stopping circuit that is engaged by the basic stop signal task is recruited in myriad scenarios; however, truly proving this for real-world scenarios requires a new generation of studies that will need to overcome substantial technical and inferential challenges.
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11
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Nakajima R, Kinoshita M, Okita H, Shinohara H, Nakada M. Disconnection of posterior part of the frontal aslant tract causes acute phase motor functional deficit. Brain Cogn 2021; 151:105752. [PMID: 33993006 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The frontal aslant tract (FAT) mainly connects the supplementary motor area (SMA) and inferior frontal gyrus. The left FAT is involved in language-related functions, while the functional role of the right FAT is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of the right FAT by dividing it into three segments according to the anatomical structure. A total of 34 right frontal gliomas who had undergone surgery were studied. Participants were assessed for the acute and chronic phases of several neuropsychological and motor functions. FAT was reconstructed into the anterior, middle, and posterior segments according to the cortical connections as the medial prefrontal cortex, pre-SMA, and SMA proper, respectively. The relationships between the damaged severity of each FAT segment and behavioral scores were analyzed. A significant relationship was observed only in the acute phase motor function and posterior segment of the FAT. The middle segment was involved in motor function, but it did not have a sufficient significance level compared to the posterior segment. Our study revealed that the right FAT can be divided into three segments and that its posterior segment is related to acute phase motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riho Nakajima
- Department of Occupational therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masashi Kinoshita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Okita
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Harumichi Shinohara
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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12
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Schaum M, Pinzuti E, Sebastian A, Lieb K, Fries P, Mobascher A, Jung P, Wibral M, Tüscher O. Right inferior frontal gyrus implements motor inhibitory control via beta-band oscillations in humans. eLife 2021; 10:e61679. [PMID: 33755019 PMCID: PMC8096430 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor inhibitory control implemented as response inhibition is an essential cognitive function required to dynamically adapt to rapidly changing environments. Despite over a decade of research on the neural mechanisms of response inhibition, it remains unclear, how exactly response inhibition is initiated and implemented. Using a multimodal MEG/fMRI approach in 59 subjects, our results reliably reveal that response inhibition is initiated by the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) as a form of attention-independent top-down control that involves the modulation of beta-band activity. Furthermore, stopping performance was predicted by beta-band power, and beta-band connectivity was directed from rIFG to pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA), indicating rIFG's dominance over pre-SMA. Thus, these results strongly support the hypothesis that rIFG initiates stopping, implemented by beta-band oscillations with potential to open up new ways of spatially localized oscillation-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schaum
- Systemic Mechanisms of Resilience, Leibniz Institute for Resilience ResearchMainzGermany
| | - Edoardo Pinzuti
- Systemic Mechanisms of Resilience, Leibniz Institute for Resilience ResearchMainzGermany
| | - Alexandra Sebastian
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Pascal Fries
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck SocietyFrankfurtGermany
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University NijmegenNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Arian Mobascher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Patrick Jung
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Michael Wibral
- Campus Institute Dynamics of Biological Networks, Georg-August UniversityGöttingenGermany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
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13
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Nigam KB, Straub LK, Zuniga EA, Sami A, Cunningham KA, Anastasio NC, Moeller FG, Bjork JM. Blunted prefrontal signature of proactive inhibitory control in cocaine use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 218:108402. [PMID: 33243584 PMCID: PMC7750200 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impulsivity is an established risk factor for substance use disorder (SUD). Integral to SUD recovery is proactive control (leveraging information about a potential need for behavioral restraint to marshal increased cognitive resources toward inhibition) when cues for drug use are unavoidable. However, proactive control is little studied in SUD, and is merely inferred from post-error performance adjustments. METHODS We probed covert neurocircuit signatures of proactive control in persons with SUD, as well as the moderating effects of incentives for successfully exerting proactive control. We administered a Monetary Incentive Stop Task (MIST) during functional magnetic resonance imaging of adults with cocaine use disorder (CUD; n = 21) and healthy controls (n = 21). The MIST blended the reward and loss-anticipatory cues of the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) Task with a variant of the Stop-Signal Task, in which target color signaled whether or not withholding a response might be necessary. RESULTS In controls, but not in CUD participants, targets that signaled a potential need to stop (as a contrast with targets that signaled no need to stop) activated portions of right operculum akin to activation commonly elicited by stop signals, despite no actual stop signal. Across all participants, this proactive control activation did not relate to task behavior or to questionnaire impulsivity. Anticipatory incentive cues did not recruit ventral striatum. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that persons with CUD show blunted covert signatures of attention and proactive control. This potentially accounts in part for the role of poor executive function in relapse vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabir B Nigam
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Lisa K. Straub
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Edward A. Zuniga
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Aysha Sami
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Kathryn A. Cunningham
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Noelle C. Anastasio
- Center for Addiction Research and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - F. Gerard Moeller
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - James M. Bjork
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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14
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Castiglione A, Wagner J, Anderson M, Aron AR. Preventing a Thought from Coming to Mind Elicits Increased Right Frontal Beta Just as Stopping Action Does. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:2160-2172. [PMID: 30806454 PMCID: PMC6458912 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the stop-signal task, an electrophysiological signature of action-stopping is increased early right frontal beta band power for successful vs. failed stop trials. Here we tested whether the requirement to stop an unwanted thought from coming to mind also elicits this signature. We recorded scalp EEG during a Think/No-Think task and a subsequent stop signal task in 42 participants. In the Think/No-Think task, participants first learned word pairs. In a second phase, they received the left-hand word as a reminder and were cued either to retrieve the associated right-hand word ("Think") or to stop retrieval ("No-Think"). At the end of each trial, participants reported whether they had experienced an intrusion of the associated memory. Finally, they received the left-hand reminder word and were asked to recall its associated target. Behaviorally, there was worse final recall for items in the No-Think condition, and decreased intrusions with practice for No-Think trials. For EEG, we reproduced increased early right frontal beta power for successful vs. failed action stopping. Critically, No-Think trials also elicited increased early right frontal beta power and this was stronger for trials without intrusion. These results suggest that preventing a thought from coming to mind also recruits fast prefrontal stopping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Castiglione
- Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Johanna Wagner
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, Institute for Neural Computation, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michael Anderson
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam R Aron
- Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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15
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Greater activation of the response inhibition network in females compared to males during stop signal task performance. Behav Brain Res 2020; 386:112586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Attentional bias on motor control: is motor inhibition influenced by attentional reorienting? PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2020. [PMID: 29520490 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-018-0998-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Motor inhibition and attentional processing are tightly linked. Recent neurophysiological studies have shown that both processes might rely on similar cognitive and neural mechanisms (Wessel and Aron, Neuron 93:259-280, 2017). However, it remains unclear whether attentional reorientation influences inhibition of a subsequent action. Therefore, we combined two tasks that are commonly used in the motor inhibition and visual attention reorientation field [respectively: the stop-signal task (Logan and Cowan, Psychol Rev 91:295-327, 1984) and the Posner endogenous cueing paradigm (Posner, Q J Exp Psychol 32(1):3-25, 1980)] to investigate how different aspects of visual attention modulate subsequent voluntary inhibition. Our results showed an increase in stopping-reaction time after a reorientation of attention only. This suggests a specific impairment of inhibitory control when a reorientation of visual attention is needed. These findings support the idea of a selective influence of attention reorientation on subsequent motor inhibition (stop signal). This may be linked to the "circuit breaker" hypothesis, proposing that attention reorientation toward an unexpected event "resets" the ongoing processes to allow the analysis of the potentially behaviorally relevant visual events (Corbetta et al., Neuron 58(3):306-324, 2008).
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17
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Woolnough O, Forseth KJ, Rollo PS, Tandon N. Uncovering the functional anatomy of the human insula during speech. eLife 2019; 8:53086. [PMID: 31852580 PMCID: PMC6941893 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of insular cortex to speech production remains unclear and controversial given diverse findings from functional neuroimaging and lesional data. To create a precise spatiotemporal map of insular activity, we performed a series of experiments: single-word articulations of varying complexity, non-speech orofacial movements and speech listening, in a cohort of 27 patients implanted with penetrating intracranial electrodes. The posterior insula was robustly active bilaterally, but after the onset of articulation, during listening to speech and during production of non-speech mouth movements. Preceding articulation there was very sparse activity, localized primarily to the frontal operculum rather than the insula. Posterior insular was active coincident with superior temporal gyrus but was more active for self-generated speech than external speech, the opposite of the superior temporal gyrus. These findings support the conclusion that the insula does not serve pre-articulatory preparatory roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Woolnough
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health Houston, Houston, United States.,Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States
| | - Kiefer James Forseth
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health Houston, Houston, United States.,Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States
| | - Patrick Sarahan Rollo
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health Houston, Houston, United States.,Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States
| | - Nitin Tandon
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School at UT Health Houston, Houston, United States.,Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, United States.,Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston, United States
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18
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Fernandes AC, Garcia-Marques T. The perception of time is dynamically interlocked with the facial muscle activity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18737. [PMID: 31822706 PMCID: PMC6904682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55029-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Time perception relies on the motor system. Involves core brain regions of this system, including those associated with feelings generated from sensorimotor states. Perceptual timing is also distorted when movement occurs during timing tasks, possibly by interfering with sensorimotor afferent feedback. However, it is unknown if the perception of time is an active process associated with specific patterns of muscle activity. We explored this idea based on the phenomenon of electromyographic gradients, which consists of the dynamic increase of muscle activity during cognitive tasks that require sustained attention, a critical function in perceptual timing. We aimed to determine whether facial muscle dynamic activity indexes the subjective representation of time. We asked participants to judge stimuli durations (varying in familiarity) while we monitored the time course of the activity of the zygomaticus-major and corrugator-supercilii muscles, both associated with cognitive and affective feelings. The dynamic electromyographic activity in corrugator-supercilii over time reflected objective time and this relationship predicted subjective judgments of duration. Furthermore, the zygomaticus-major muscle signaled the bias that familiarity introduces in duration judgments. This suggests that subjective duration could be an embodiment process based in motor information changing over time and their associated feelings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre C Fernandes
- ISPA - Instituto Universitário, William James Center for Research, Lisboa, Portugal.
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19
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Bartoli E, Bosking W, Chen Y, Li Y, Sheth SA, Beauchamp MS, Yoshor D, Foster BL. Functionally Distinct Gamma Range Activity Revealed by Stimulus Tuning in Human Visual Cortex. Curr Biol 2019; 29:3345-3358.e7. [PMID: 31588003 PMCID: PMC6810857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neocortical gamma activity has long been hypothesized as a mechanism for synchronizing brain regions to support visual perception and cognition more broadly. Although early studies focused on narrowband gamma oscillations (∼20-60 Hz), recent work has emphasized a more broadband "high-gamma" response (∼70-150+ Hz). These responses are often conceptually or analytically treated as synonymous markers of gamma activity. Using high-density intracranial recordings from the human visual cortex, we challenge this view by showing distinct spectral, temporal, and functional properties of narrow and broadband gamma. Across four experiments, narrowband gamma was strongly selective for gratings and long-wavelength colors, displaying a delayed response onset, sustained temporal profile, and contrast-dependent peak frequency. In addition, induced narrowband gamma oscillations lacked phase consistency across stimulus repetitions and displayed highly focal inter-site synchronization. In contrast, broadband gamma was consistently observed for all presented stimuli, displaying a rapid response onset, transient temporal profile, and invariant spectral properties. We exploited stimulus tuning to highlight the functional dissociation of these distinct signals, reconciling prior inconsistencies across species and stimuli regarding the ubiquity of visual gamma oscillations during natural vision. The occurrence of visual narrowband gamma oscillations, unlike broadband high gamma, appears contingent on specific structural and chromatic stimulus attributes intersecting with the receptive field. Together, these findings have important implications for the study, analysis, and functional interpretation of neocortical gamma-range activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Bartoli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - William Bosking
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yvonne Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sameer A Sheth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael S Beauchamp
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Daniel Yoshor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brett L Foster
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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20
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Spay C, Meyer G, Lio G, Pezzoli G, Ballanger B, Cilia R, Boulinguez P. Resting state oscillations suggest a motor component of Parkinson's Impulse Control Disorders. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:2065-2075. [PMID: 31541984 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Impulse control disorders (ICDs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) have been associated with cognitive impulsivity and dopaminergic dysfunction and treatment. The present study tests the neglected hypothesis that the neurofunctional networks involved in motor impulsivity might also be dysfunctional in PD-ICDs. METHODS We performed blind spectral analyses of resting state electroencephalographic (EEG) data in PD patients with and without ICDs to probe the functional integrity of all cortical networks. Analyses were performed directly at the source level after blind source separation. Discrete differences between groups were tested by comparing patients with and without ICDs. Gradual dysfunctions were assessed by means of correlations between power changes and clinical scores reflecting ICD severity (QUIP score). RESULTS Spectral signatures of ICDs were found in the medial prefrontal cortex, the dorsal anterior cingulate and the supplementary motor area, in the beta and gamma bands. Beta power changes in the supplementary motor area were found to predict ICDs severity. CONCLUSION ICDs are associated with abnormal activity within frequency bands and cortical circuits supporting the control of motor response inhibition. SIGNIFICANCE These results bring to the forefront the need to consider, in addition to the classical interpretation based on aberrant mesocorticolimbic reward processing, the issue of motor impulsivity in PD-ICDs and its potential implications for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Spay
- Université de Lyon, 92 rue Pasteur, 69007 Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; INSERM, U 1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France; CNRS, UMR 5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Garance Meyer
- Université de Lyon, 92 rue Pasteur, 69007 Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; INSERM, U 1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France; CNRS, UMR 5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Guillaume Lio
- Centre de Neuroscience Cognitive, UMR 5229, 67 boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron, France
| | - Gianni Pezzoli
- Parkinson Institute, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Via bignami 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Bénédicte Ballanger
- Université de Lyon, 92 rue Pasteur, 69007 Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; INSERM, U 1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France; CNRS, UMR 5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Roberto Cilia
- Parkinson Institute, ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO, Via bignami 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Philippe Boulinguez
- Université de Lyon, 92 rue Pasteur, 69007 Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; INSERM, U 1028, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France; CNRS, UMR 5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, 95 boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France.
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21
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The interactive effects of peers and alcohol on functional brain connectivity in young adults. Neuroimage 2019; 197:264-272. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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22
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Shen W, Tu Y, Gollub RL, Ortiz A, Napadow V, Yu S, Wilson G, Park J, Lang C, Jung M, Gerber J, Mawla I, Chan ST, Wasan AD, Edwards RR, Kaptchuk T, Li S, Rosen B, Kong J. Visual network alterations in brain functional connectivity in chronic low back pain: A resting state functional connectivity and machine learning study. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 22:101775. [PMID: 30927604 PMCID: PMC6444301 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic low back pain (cLBP) is associated with widespread functional and structural changes in the brain. This study aims to investigate the resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes of visual networks in cLBP patients and the feasibility of distinguishing cLBP patients from healthy controls using machine learning methods. cLBP (n = 90) and control individuals (n = 74) were enrolled and underwent resting-state BOLD fMRI scans. Primary, dorsal, and ventral visual networks derived from independent component analysis were used as regions of interest to compare resting state functional connectivity changes between the cLBP patients and healthy controls. We then applied a support vector machine classifier to distinguish the cLBP patients and control individuals. These results were further verified in a new cohort of subjects. We found that the functional connectivity between the primary visual network and the somatosensory/motor areas were significantly enhanced in cLBP patients. The rsFC between the primary visual network and S1 was negatively associated with duration of cLBP. In addition, we found that the rsFC of the visual network could achieve a classification accuracy of 79.3% in distinguishing cLBP patients from HCs, and these results were further validated in an independent cohort of subjects (accuracy = 66.7%). Our results demonstrate significant changes in the rsFC of the visual networks in cLBP patients. We speculate these alterations may represent an adaptation/self-adjustment mechanism and cross-model interaction between the visual, somatosensory, motor, attention, and salient networks in response to cLBP. Elucidating the role of the visual networks in cLBP may shed light on the pathophysiology and development of the disorder. We investigated rsFC changes of visual networks in cLBP patients. rsFC of the primary visual network with S1 and M1 increased in cLBP patients. rsFC of the visual networks can differentiate cLBP patients from controls (with 79.3% accuracy). Classification results can be validated in an independent cohort (with 66.7% accuracy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yiheng Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Randy L Gollub
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vitaly Napadow
- Department of Radiology, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Siyi Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georgia Wilson
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Courtney Lang
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Minyoung Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Gerber
- Department of Radiology, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Ishtiaq Mawla
- Department of Radiology, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Suk-Tak Chan
- Department of Radiology, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Ajay D Wasan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert R Edwards
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ted Kaptchuk
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce Rosen
- Department of Radiology, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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23
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Hughes S, Claassen DO, van den Wildenberg WPM, Phibbs FT, Bradley EB, Wylie SA, van Wouwe NC. Action Control Deficits in Patients With Essential Tremor. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2019; 25:156-164. [PMID: 30501660 PMCID: PMC6374198 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617718001054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Essential tremor (ET) is a movement disorder characterized by action tremor which impacts motor execution. Given the disrupted cerebellar-thalamo-cortical networks in ET, we hypothesized that ET could interfere with the control mechanisms involved in regulating motor performance. The ability to inhibit or stop actions is critical for navigating many daily life situations such as driving or social interactions. The current study investigated the speed of action initiation and two forms of action control, response stopping and proactive slowing in ET. METHODS Thirty-three ET patients and 25 healthy controls (HCs) completed a choice reaction task and a stop-signal task, and measures of going speed, proactive slowing and stop latencies were assessed. RESULTS Going speed was significantly slower in ET patients (649 ms) compared to HCs (526 ms; F(1,56) = 42.37; p <.001; η 2 = .43), whereas proactive slowing did not differ between groups. ET patients exhibited slower stop signal reaction times (320 ms) compared to HCs (258 ms, F(1,56) = 15.3; p <.00; η 2 = .22) and more severe motor symptoms of ET were associated with longer stopping latencies in a subset of patients (Spearman rho = .48; p <.05). CONCLUSIONS In line with previous studies, ET patients showed slower action initiation. Additionally, inhibitory control was impaired whereas proactive slowing remained intact relative to HCs. More severe motor symptoms of ET were associated with slower stopping speed, and may reflect more progressive changes to the cerebellar-thalamo-cortical network. Future imaging studies should specify which structural and functional changes in ET can explain changes in inhibitory action control. (JINS, 2019, 25, 156-164).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Hughes
- 1Department of Neurology,Vanderbilt University Medical Center,Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Daniel O Claassen
- 1Department of Neurology,Vanderbilt University Medical Center,Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Fenna T Phibbs
- 1Department of Neurology,Vanderbilt University Medical Center,Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Elise B Bradley
- 1Department of Neurology,Vanderbilt University Medical Center,Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Scott A Wylie
- 2Department of Neurosurgery,University of Louisville,Louisville, Kentucky, Tennessee
| | - Nelleke C van Wouwe
- 1Department of Neurology,Vanderbilt University Medical Center,Nashville, Tennessee
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24
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Ryman SG, El Shaikh AA, Shaff NA, Hanlon FM, Dodd AB, Wertz CJ, Ling JM, Barch DM, Stromberg SF, Lin DS, Abrams S, Mayer AR. Proactive and reactive cognitive control rely on flexible use of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 40:955-966. [PMID: 30407681 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of ventral versus dorsolateral prefrontal regions in instantiating proactive and reactive cognitive control remains actively debated, with few studies parsing cue versus probe-related activity. Rapid sampling (460 ms), long cue-probe delays, and advanced analytic techniques (deconvolution) were therefore used to quantify the magnitude and variability of neural responses during the AX Continuous Performance Test (AX-CPT; N = 46) in humans. Behavioral results indicated slower reaction times during reactive cognitive control (AY trials) in conjunction with decreased accuracy and increased variability for proactive cognitive control (BX trials). The anterior insula/ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (aI/VLPFC) was commonly activated across comparisons of both proactive and reactive cognitive control. In contrast, activity within the dorsomedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was limited to reactive cognitive control. The instantiation of proactive cognitive control during the probe period was also associated with sparse neural activation relative to baseline, potentially as a result of the high degree of neural and behavioral variability observed across individuals. Specifically, the variability of the hemodynamic response function (HRF) within motor circuitry increased after the presentation of B relative to A cues (i.e., late in HRF) and persisted throughout the B probe period. Finally, increased activation of right aI/VLPFC during the cue period was associated with decreased motor circuit activity during BX probes, suggesting a possible role for the aI/VLPFC in proactive suppression of neural responses. Considered collectively, current results highlight the flexible role of the VLPFC in implementing cognitive control during the AX-CPT task but suggest large individual differences in proactive cognitive control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sephira G Ryman
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Ansam A El Shaikh
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Nicholas A Shaff
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Faith M Hanlon
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Andrew B Dodd
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Christopher J Wertz
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Josef M Ling
- The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Shannon F Stromberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Denise S Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Swala Abrams
- Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Andrew R Mayer
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,The Mind Research Network/Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico.,Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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25
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Harrington DL, Shen Q, Theilmann RJ, Castillo GN, Litvan I, Filoteo JV, Huang M, Lee RR. Altered Functional Interactions of Inhibition Regions in Cognitively Normal Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:331. [PMID: 30405399 PMCID: PMC6206214 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficient inhibitory control in Parkinson's disease (PD) is often observed in situations requiring inhibition of impulsive or prepotent behaviors. Although activation of the right-hemisphere frontal-basal ganglia response inhibition network is partly altered in PD, disturbances in interactions of these regions are poorly understood, especially in patients without cognitive impairment. The present study investigated context-dependent connectivity of response inhibition regions in PD patients with normal cognition and control participants who underwent fMRI while performing a stop signal task. PD participants were tested off antiparkinsonian medication. To determine if functional disturbances depended on underlying brain structure, aberrant connectivity was correlated with brain volume and white-matter tissue diffusivity. We found no group differences in response inhibition proficiency. Yet the PD group showed functional reorganization in the long-range connectivity of inhibition regions, despite preserved within network connectivity. Successful inhibition in PD differed from the controls by strengthened connectivity of cortical regions, namely the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, pre-supplementary motor area and right caudal inferior frontal gyrus, largely with ventral and dorsal attention regions, but also the substantia nigra and default mode network regions. Successful inhibition in controls was distinguished by strengthened connectivity of the right rostral inferior frontal gyrus and subcortical inhibition nodes (right caudate, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus). In both groups, the strength of context-dependent connectivity correlated with various indices of response inhibition performance. Mechanisms that may underlie aberrantly stronger context-specific connectivity include reduced coherence within reorganized systems, compensatory mechanisms, and/or the reorganization of intrinsic networks. In PD, but not controls, abnormally strengthened connectivity was linked to individual differences in underlying brain volumes and tissue diffusivity, despite no group differences in structural variables. The pattern of structural-functional associations suggested that subtle decreases in tissue diffusivity of underlying tracts and posterior cortical volumes may undermine the enhancement of normal cortical-striatal connectivity or cause strengthening in cortical-cortical connectivity. These novel findings demonstrate that functionally reorganized interactions of inhibition regions predates the development of inhibition deficits and clinically significant cognitive impairment in PD. We speculate that altered interactions of inhibition regions with attention-related networks and the dopaminergic system may presage future decline in inhibitory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah L. Harrington
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Laboratory, Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Qian Shen
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Laboratory, Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Rebecca J. Theilmann
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Gabriel N. Castillo
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Laboratory, Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Irene Litvan
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - J. Vincent Filoteo
- Psychology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Mingxiong Huang
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Roland R. Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Department of Radiology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
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