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Chen Y, Chaudhary S, Li G, Fucito LM, Bi J, Li CSR. Deficient sleep, altered hypothalamic functional connectivity, depression and anxiety in cigarette smokers. NEUROIMAGE. REPORTS 2024; 4:100200. [PMID: 38605733 PMCID: PMC11008573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Background Deficient sleep is implicated in nicotine dependence as well as depressive and anxiety disorders. The hypothalamus regulates the sleep-wake cycle and supports motivated behavior, and hypothalamic dysfunction may underpin comorbid nicotine dependence, depression and anxiety. We aimed to investigate whether and how the resting state functional connectivities (rsFCs) of the hypothalamus relate to cigarette smoking, deficient sleep, depression and anxiety. Methods We used the data of 64 smokers and 198 age- and sex-matched adults who never smoked, curated from the Human Connectome Project. Deficient sleep and psychiatric problems were each assessed with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Achenbach Adult Self-Report. We processed the imaging data with published routines and evaluated the results at a corrected threshold, all with age, sex, and the severity of alcohol use as covariates. Results Smokers vs. never smokers showed poorer sleep quality and greater severity of depression and anxiety. In smokers only, the total PSQI score, indicating more sleep deficits, was positively associated with hypothalamic rsFCs with the right inferior frontal/insula/superior temporal and postcentral (rPoCG) gyri. Stronger hypothalamus-rPoCG rsFCs were also associated with greater severity of depression and anxiety in smokers but not never smokers. Additionally, in smokers, the PSQI score completely mediated the relationships of hypothalamus-rPoCG rsFCs with depression and anxiety severity. Conclusions These findings associate hypothalamic circuit dysfunction to sleep deficiency and severity of depression and anxiety symptoms in adults who smoke. Future studies may investigate the roles of the hypothalamic circuit in motivated behaviors to better characterize the inter-related neural markers of smoking, deficient sleep, depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Shefali Chaudhary
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Guangfei Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Transformation, Beijing, China
| | - Lisa M. Fucito
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Jinbo Bi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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Li G, Chen Y, Chaudhary S, Li CS, Hao D, Yang L, Li CSR. Sleep dysfunction mediates the relationship between hypothalamic-insula connectivity and anxiety-depression symptom severity bidirectionally in young adults. Neuroimage 2023; 279:120340. [PMID: 37611815 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating sleep-wake cycle and motivated behavior. Sleep disturbance is associated with impairment in cognitive and affective functions. However, how hypothalamic dysfunction may contribute to inter-related sleep, cognitive, and emotional deficits remain unclear. METHODS We curated the Human Connectome Project dataset and investigated how hypothalamic resting state functional connectivities (rsFC) were associated with sleep dysfunction, as evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), cognitive performance, and subjective mood states in 687 young adults (342 women). Imaging data were processed with published routines and evaluated with a corrected threshold. We examined the inter-relationship amongst hypothalamic rsFC, PSQI score, and clinical measures with mediation analyses. RESULTS In whole-brain regressions with age and drinking severity as covariates, men showed higher hypothalamic rsFC with the right insula in correlation with PSQI score. No clusters were identified in women at the same threshold. Both hypothalamic-insula rsFC and PSQI score were significantly correlated with anxiety and depression scores in men. Further, mediation analyses showed that PSQI score mediated the relationship between hypothalamic-insula rsFC and anxiety/depression symptom severity bidirectionally in men. CONCLUSIONS Sleep dysfunction is associated with negative emotions and hypothalamic rsFC with the right insula, a core structure of the interoceptive circuits. Notably, anxiety-depression symptom severity and altered hypothalamic-insula rsFC are related bidirectionally by poor sleep quality. These findings are specific to men, suggesting potential sex differences in the neural circuits regulating sleep and emotional states that need to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfei Li
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Transformation, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA
| | - Shefali Chaudhary
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA
| | - Clara S Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA; Smith College, Northampton MA, USA
| | - Dongmei Hao
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Transformation, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China; Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Transformation, Beijing, China
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven CT, USA
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Byrne H, Josev EK, Knight SJ, Scheinberg A, Rowe K, Lubitz L, Seal ML. Hypothalamus volumes in adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS): impact of self-reported fatigue and illness duration. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:1741-1754. [PMID: 37537279 PMCID: PMC10471696 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02682-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex illness of unknown aetiology. Emerging theories suggest ME/CFS may reflect a progressive, aberrant state of homeostasis caused by disturbances within the hypothalamus, yet few studies have investigated this using magnetic resonance imaging in adolescents with ME/CFS. We conducted a volumetric analysis to investigate whether whole and regional hypothalamus volumes in adolescents with ME/CFS differed compared to healthy controls, and whether these volumes were associated with fatigue severity and illness duration. 48 adolescents (25 ME/CFS, 23 controls) were recruited. Lateralised whole and regional hypothalamus volumes, including the anterior-superior, superior tubular, posterior, anterior-inferior and inferior tubular subregions, were calculated from T1-weighted images. When controlling for age, sex and intracranial volume, Bayesian linear regression models revealed no evidence for differences in hypothalamus volumes between groups. However, in the ME/CFS group, a weak linear relationship between increased right anterior-superior volumes and fatigue severity was identified, which was absent in controls. In addition, Bayesian quantile regression revealed a likely-positive association between illness duration and right superior tubular volumes in the ME/CFS group. While these findings suggest overall comparability in regional and whole hypothalamus volumes between adolescents with ME/CFS and controls, preliminary evidence was identified to suggest greater fatigue severity and longer illness duration were associated with greater right anterior-superior and superior-tubular volumes, respectively. These regions contain the anterior and superior divisions of the paraventricular nucleus, involved in the neuroendocrine response to stress, suggesting involvement in ME/CFS pathophysiology. However, replication in a larger, longitudinal cohort is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hollie Byrne
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052, Australia.
- Neurodisability and Rehabilitation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3052, Australia.
| | - Elisha K Josev
- Neurodisability and Rehabilitation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
| | - Sarah J Knight
- Neurodisability and Rehabilitation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
| | - Adam Scheinberg
- Neurodisability and Rehabilitation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
| | - Katherine Rowe
- Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
| | - Lionel Lubitz
- Department of General Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
| | - Marc L Seal
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
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Wang H, Huang Y, Li M, Yang H, An J, Leng X, Xu D, Qiu S. Regional brain dysfunction in insomnia after ischemic stroke: A resting-state fMRI study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1025174. [PMID: 36504641 PMCID: PMC9733724 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1025174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore the abnormality of local brain function in patients with post-stroke insomnia (PSI) based on fMRI and explore the possible neuropathological mechanisms of insomnia in patients with PSI in combination with the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score and provide an objective evaluation index for the follow-up study of acupuncture treatment of PSI. Methods A total of 27 patients with insomnia after stroke were enrolled, and the PSQI was used to evaluate their sleep status. Twenty-seven healthy participants who underwent physical examinations during the same period were selected as controls. Resting-state brain function images and structural images of the two groups of participants were collected, and the abnormal changes in the regional brain function in patients with PSI were analyzed using three methods: regional homogeneity (ReHo), the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and fractional ALFF (fALFF), and a correlation analysis with the PSQI scale score. Results Compared with the HCs, the ReHo values of the PSI group in the bilateral lingual gyrus, right cuneus, right precentral and postcentral gyri were significantly lower, and the ReHo values of the left supramarginal gyrus were significantly higher. In the PSI group, the ALFF values in the bilateral lingual gyrus were significantly decreased, whereas those in the bilateral middle temporal gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, right limbic lobe, right precuneus, left posterior cingulate gyrus, and left middle occipital gyrus were significantly increased. Compared with HCs, the fALFF values of the bilateral lingual gyrus, bilateral inferior occipital gyrus, and bilateral cuneus in the PSI group were significantly higher. The ReHo value of the left supramarginal gyrus in the PSI group was significantly negatively correlated with the total PSQI score. Conclusion Patients with PSI have abnormal local activities in multiple brain regions, including the visual processing-related cortex, sensorimotor cortex, and some default-mode network (DMN) regions. Over-arousal of the DMN and over-sensitivity of the audiovisual stimuli in patients with PSI may be the main mechanisms of insomnia and can lead to a decline in cognitive function and abnormalities in emotion regulation simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhuo Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxuan Huang
- Rehabilitation and Nursing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Zhanjiang First Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Han Yang
- Rehabilitation and Nursing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie An
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Leng
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danghan Xu
- Rehabilitation and Nursing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijun Qiu
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Shijun Qiu
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Jiang J, Zou G, Liu J, Zhou S, Xu J, Sun H, Zou Q, Gao JH. Functional connectivity of the human hypothalamus during wakefulness and nonrapid eye movement sleep. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:3667-3679. [PMID: 33960583 PMCID: PMC8249893 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal experiments indicate that the hypothalamus plays an essential role in regulating the sleep–wake cycle. A recent neuroimaging study conducted under resting wakefulness conditions suggested the presence of a wake‐promoting region and a sleep‐promoting region in the human posterior hypothalamus and anterior hypothalamus, respectively, and interpreted their anticorrelated organization in resting‐state functional networks as evidence for their opposing roles in sleep–wake regulation. However, whether and how the functional networks of the two hypothalamic regions reorganize according to their wake‐ or sleep‐promoting roles during sleep are unclear. Here, we constructed functional networks of the posterior and anterior hypothalamus during wakefulness and nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep using simultaneous electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging data collected from 62 healthy participants. The functional networks of the posterior and anterior hypothalamus exhibited inversely correlated organizations during both wakefulness and NREM sleep. The connectivity strength of the posterior hypothalamic functional network was stronger during wakefulness than during stable sleep. From wakefulness to sleep, the anterior cingulate gyrus, paracingulate gyrus, insular cortex, and fontal operculum cortex showed decreased positive connectivity, while the precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus showed decreased negative connectivity with the posterior hypothalamus. Additionally, the insular cortex and frontal operculum cortex showed negative connectivity during wakefulness and positive connectivity during sleep with the anterior hypothalamus, exhibiting an increasing trend. These findings provide insights into the correspondence between the functional network organizations and hypothalamic sleep–wake regulation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyuan Zou
- Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqin Zhou
- Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqiang Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
| | - Qihong Zou
- Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Hong Gao
- Beijing City Key Lab for Medical Physics and Engineering, Institute of Heavy Ion Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
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