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Li X, Al-Wesabi SN, Hu C, Wang L, Deng C, Li C, Man Y, Zhu G, Zhang G, Wu Y. Vascularized fascial flap for reconstruction of combined oral mucosa-mandibular defects: The multi-modal biological assessment. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2024; 125:101860. [PMID: 38565421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The reconstruction of composite defects in the oral and maxillofacial region using vascularized fascial flaps, such as the fibular, iliac, and temporal fascial flaps, has gained increasing attention among surgeons. However, there remains uncertainty regarding the suitability of fascial flaps as transplants, as well as their healing processes and outcomes, due to their non-mucosal nature. This study aims to comprehensively assess the biological aspects of vascularized fascial flaps at clinical, histological, and genetic levels, with the goal of providing essential biological references for their clinical application. STUDY DESIGN This study enrolled three patients who underwent reconstruction of combined oral mucosa-mandibular defects using fibular vascularized fascial flaps between 2020 and 2023. Data regarding changes in the appearance of the fascial flaps, bulk-RNA sequencing, and histological slices of initial fascia, initial gingiva, and transformed fascia were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Within three months, the fascial flaps exhibited rapid epithelial coverage and displayed distinct characteristics resembling mucosa. High-throughput RNA sequencing analyses and histological slices revealed that the transformed fascia exhibited tissue structures similar to mucosa and demonstrated unique advantages in promoting blood vessel formation and reducing scarring through the high-level expression of relevant genes. CONCLUSION These findings emphasize the potential and feasibility of utilizing vascularized fascial flaps for oral mucosa reconstruction, establishing their unique advantage as transplant materials, and providing significant biological information and references for their selection and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases& Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Saddam Noman Al-Wesabi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases& Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Chen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases& Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases& Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases& Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases& Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Man
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases& Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guiquan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases& Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Gaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases& Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yingying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases& Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Shilo S, Muhanna N, Fliss DM, Horowitz G, Warshavsky A, Mansour J, Ianculovici C, Fliss E, Barnea Y, Zaretski A, Yanko R. Early outcomes of osteofascial versus osteocutaneous fibula free flap mandibular reconstruction. Head Neck 2024; 46:1168-1177. [PMID: 38279002 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study compares early outcomes of osteofascial fibula free flap (OF-FFF) with donor-site primary closure and osteocutaneous (OC) FFF with donor-site skin grafting in segmental mandibular reconstruction. METHODS A retrospective chart review of FFF mandibular reconstruction patients (2006-2022) divided into OF-FFF and OC-FFF groups. Clinical data, operative parameters, and early postoperative outcomes (≤ 90 days) were analyzed. RESULTS The study included 67 patients (39 OF-FFF, 28 OC-FFF). OF-FFF had significantly lower donor-site complications (12.8% vs. 53.6%, p < 0.001) and revision surgeries (7.7% vs. 35.7%, p = 0.004) compared to OC-FFF. Recipient-site (28.2% vs. 25%, p = 0.77) and flap (15.4% vs. 17.9%, p > 0.99) complications were comparable. CONCLUSIONS OF-FFF mandibular reconstruction with donor-site primary closure is a safe and reliable technique associated with superior donor-site and comparable flap and recipient-site outcomes to OC-FFF, thus may be considered as a viable alternative to OC-FFF for selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahaf Shilo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nidal Muhanna
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Dan M Fliss
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- The University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Gilad Horowitz
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Anton Warshavsky
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Jobran Mansour
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Clariel Ianculovici
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ehud Fliss
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoav Barnea
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Arik Zaretski
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ravit Yanko
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Jelovac D, Micic M, Hajdarevic S, Kuzmanovic C, Cukic B, Stefanovic B, Zelic K, Bonfante E, Ewers R, Petrovic M. Immediate placement of extra-short implants in refined scapula tip microvascular free flaps: In house virtual planning and surgical technique - Proof of concept. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18021. [PMID: 37496908 PMCID: PMC10366439 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Scapula tip flaps have been introduced in the literature as an ideal surgical treatment option for large defects in the horizontal plane of the maxilla. This article aims to present a unique step by step protocol for a near total maxillectomy with a pterygoid bone resection and consecutive microvascular reconstruction with a harvested scapula tip flap. The protocol includes immediate placement of extra-short implants in donor bone with the aid of Virtual Surgical Planning (VSP), and an in-house 3D printing of medical 3D models and surgical guides. So far, there has been no presented surgical technique combining immediate implant placement in the scapula region with simultaneous microvascular repair. This technique allows: tumour resection; flap harvesting; extra-short implant placements and reconstruction to be performed in one simultaneous procedure. The technique is presented with illustrations, VSP (presented on videos), radiographs, and surgical findings. We discovered that this refinement of the scapula tip surgery has enabled reconstructive procedures to be performed at the same time as implant placements, providing expedited functional and aesthetic outcomes in selected cases. Moreover, modification of the surgical technique could enhance the competence of the oropharyngeal edge. In conclusion, this new surgical protocol utilizing VSP, 3D models and simultaneous extra-short implant placement provides indispensable advantages for such a complicated surgical procedures, while significantly shortening the duration of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drago Jelovac
- Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 4, 1100, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milutin Micic
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Bone Biology, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 4, 1100, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanela Hajdarevic
- Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 4, 1100, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Cedomir Kuzmanovic
- Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 4, 1100, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Ksenija Zelic
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Bone Biology, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 4, 1100, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 4, 1100, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - E.A. Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo – Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Rolf Ewers
- University Hospital for Cranio Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18 - 20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Milan Petrovic
- Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 4, 1100, Belgrade, Serbia
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Bashorun OH, Johnson RM, Johnson EA. Flap Debulking and Secondary Revisions in Head and Neck Reconstruction: A Systematic Review with Clinical Applications. Semin Plast Surg 2023; 37:73-82. [PMID: 36776802 PMCID: PMC9911221 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Flap debulking and secondary revisions are an integral factor in providing optimum outcomes to reconstructive patients. This review article summarizes systematically the available literature on flap debulking in head and neck reconstruction. The clinical applications of debulking techniques are discussed, including fractional direct excision, liposuction, and single-stage excision or planning with skin grafting. New technologies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatunde H. Bashorun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Miami Valley Hospital, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio
| | - R. Michael Johnson
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Miami Valley Hospital, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio
| | - Elise A. Johnson
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Miami Valley Hospital, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Ross University Medical School, Bridgetown, Barbados
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Choi M, Wo L, Joshi P, Nugent A, Thaller SR. Synchronous Reconstruction of the Jaw Using a "One and a Half"-Barrel Fibular Bone Graft for Ossifying Fibroma Patients. J Craniofac Surg 2022; 33:2059-2062. [PMID: 37771105 PMCID: PMC9432421 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000008540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ossifying fibroma is one of the common benign tumors that affect the appearance and functions of the jaw. Ossifying fibroma may exhibit a wide range of biological behaviors, leading to deformities involving the jaw and other secondary facial deformities. Hence, to improve the function of the jaw and the patient's general facial appearance (bearing in mind each patient's facial shape and, or appearance), the authors thus, however, used a ''one and a half"-barrel fibular bone graft to achieve the ideal height and radian of the bone graft. CASE PRESENTATION Between July 2017 and January 2021, the authors retrospectively collected and analyzed clinical and surgical data from 39 patients who had undergone operations in our hospital. Twenty patients were operated on using our new surgical method, whereas 19 patients received conventional or debulking operation. Clinical factors associated with the operation were assessed, including classification of the jaw defects, perioperative complications, and postoperative outcomes. RESULTS All the flaps ultimately survived. According to the postoperative satisfaction survey, patients who underwent reconstruction were satisfied with their postoperative facial appearance, with an average of 8.5 out of 10. Based on the preoperative clinical data, 26 patients had suitable bone grafts for dentures to improve their oral function. CONCLUSIONS A ''one and a half''-barrel fibular bone graft effectively improves the facial appearance of patients and as well as provides an appropriate height and radian for the bone graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Choi
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, De Witt Daughtry Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Luccie Wo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, De Witt Daughtry Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Priyashma Joshi
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, De Witt Daughtry Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Ajani Nugent
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, De Witt Daughtry Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Seth R. Thaller
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, De Witt Daughtry Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
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Chatterjee D, Rahman Z, K N H, Sharma J, Rai R, Menon A. Reconstruction of complex oro-mandibular defects by four different modifications of free fibula osteomyocutaneous flap: A prudent alternative to multiple flaps. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2022; 75:3346-3355. [PMID: 35715309 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Resection of advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma results in complex oro-mandibular defects involving external skin, oral mucosa, and bone. Reconstruction of such defects by a single free fibula flap (FFF) is limited by the lack of soft tissue bulk and adequate skin paddle for both intra- and extra-oral coverage. In this study, the reconstruction of large defects was achieved by four modifications of free fibula osteomyocutaneous flap as an alternative to multiple flaps. METHODS In this prospective study, 29 patients with complex oro-mandibular defects were reconstructed by FFF from December 2018 to October 2020. Reconstruction was done with any one of the four FFF modifications involving large proximal skin paddle from lateral leg: Strip de-epithelialization (De-Ep), chimeric bipaddle (Ch-Bp), muscle orally and skin extra-orally (Mo-Se), and double microvascular (Db-Mi). Outcome variables assessed were functional and esthetic results, early/late complications, donor site morbidity, and operative time. An algorithm based on Cordeiro's classification is proposed to assist in the selection of appropriate FFF modification. RESULTS Among 29 patients, De-Ep was used in 13, Ch-Bp in 8, Mo-Se in 7, and Db-Mi in 1 case. None of the flaps underwent total loss. Two cases required re-exploration. The median operative time was 775 min. Wound dehiscence and oro-cutaneous fistula were common early and late complications, respectively. Partial split skin graft loss (SSG) was the most common donor site morbidity. Functional and facial aesthetics were acceptable at the end of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Specific FFF modifications can be recommended in selected scenarios. It is reliable for single-stage reconstruction with satisfactory esthetic and functional outcomes. When used for reconstruction in first primary tumors, the second donor site is preserved, which can prove valuable in the event of a recurrence or second primary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipmalya Chatterjee
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Balco Medical Centre, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh (493661), India
| | - Ziaur Rahman
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Balco Medical Centre, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh (493661), India.
| | - Harsha K N
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Balco Medical Centre, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh (493661), India
| | - Jayesh Sharma
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Balco Medical Centre, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh (493661), India
| | - Rashmi Rai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Balco Medical Centre, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh (493661), India
| | - Akash Menon
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Balco Medical Centre, Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh (493661), India
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Fliss E, Yanko R, Bracha G, Teman R, Amir A, Horowitz G, Muhanna N, Fliss DM, Gur E, Zaretski A. The Evolution of the Free Fibula Flap for Head and Neck Reconstruction: 21 Years of Experience with 128 Flaps. J Reconstr Microsurg 2020; 37:372-379. [PMID: 32998171 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The free fibula flap is commonly referred to as a "workhorse" for head and neck reconstruction. During our 21-year experience with this flap, we have performed several changes in preoperative planning, operative technique, and postoperative follow-up. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study designed to analyze the cohort of patients who underwent free fibula transfer for head and neck reconstruction. Demographics, medical background, operative data, and postoperative outcome were collected. The changes we performed in preoperative planning, operative technique, and postoperative follow-up were assessed and their impact on outcome discussed. RESULTS During 1998 to 2019 a total of 128 free fibula flaps were transferred for head and neck reconstruction. When comparing the patients treated in the early years to those who were treated in recent years we found no statistically significant difference in minor or major nonmicrosurgical complications in the recipient and donor site and in the rate of take backs due to microsurgical reasons. However total flap failure rate improved from 28% in early years to 8% in recent years (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION During this 21-year period, we performed several changes in our practice. This included the use of a three-dimensional (3D) prefabricated model of the mandible, a shift toward side-table osteotomies, increasing the rate of osteofascial flaps in contrast to osteocutaneous flaps and the use of an implantable Doppler. These changes, together with a learning curve of the surgical team, significantly improved our overall success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehud Fliss
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ravit Yanko
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gal Bracha
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Roy Teman
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Aharon Amir
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gilad Horowitz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nidal Muhanna
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dan M Fliss
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Gur
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Arik Zaretski
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Zhang HQ, Li QX, Wang YY, Wang ZS, Lin ZY, Sha LJ, Zhang DM, Liu J, Wang JJ, Li JS, Fan S. Combination of biomechanical evaluation and accurate placement of dental implants: a new concept of virtual surgery in maxillary and mandibular functional reconstruction. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 58:62-68. [PMID: 31718915 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.10.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomechanics are crucial for bony regeneration and survival of implants in functional maxillary and mandibular reconstructions. However, we know of no study that has included an analysis of biomechanics to guide the optimal position of a fibular graft in virtual surgery. This study was designed to evaluate the combination of biomechanics and accurate placement of implants for virtual surgery in reconstruction of the jaw using fibular grafts. Thirty-one patients had maxillary or mandibular reconstruction with vascularised fibular grafts and the immediate placement of dental implants. Virtual studies were made preoperatively to evaluate the biomechanics and to assess the position of the fibular grafts with minimal distribution of stress. All operations proceeded accurately and with no complications with a mean (range) of 14 (6-20) months' follow-up. According to the individual biomechanical evaluations, the optimal position for the fibular graft is probably the middle of the mandibular body or below the bottom of the maxillary sinus. The combination of biomechanical evaluation and accurate placement of dental implants is a new concept that could achieve good biomechanical positioning of fibular grafts in the jaw and a desirable level of accuracy for functional reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-Q Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Q-X Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Y-Y Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Z-S Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Z-Y Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - L-J Sha
- Department of Operating Room, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - D-M Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - J Liu
- Trustworthy (Beijing) Technology co., Ltd, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - J-J Wang
- Trustworthy (Beijing) Technology co., Ltd, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - J-S Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - S Fan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation of Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Maxillary Reconstruction Using a Gullwing Fibula Osteofascial Flap and Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2018; 6:e1821. [PMID: 30276050 PMCID: PMC6157957 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000001821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The appropriate reconstruction of an infrastructure maxillectomy defect requires vascularized bone for maxillary arch restoration, soft tissue bulk for filling the residual defect extending up to the orbital floor, and a thin tissue layer for resurfacing the palate and adjacent cheek mucosa. Although several free tissue flaps have been previously described as reconstructive options, each possesses limitations. We describe the fibula osteofascial flap with flexor hallucis longus muscle, no skin paddle, and a “gullwing” fascial component, as an ideal reconstructive option for these specific maxillary defects. It satisfies the necessary requirements of bone, restoration of intraoral surfaces, as well as additional soft tissue volume to provide the optimal aesthetic and functional result. It also has the added benefit of minimizing morbidity to, and improving aesthetics of, the donor site. This is demonstrated through a case presentation and review of the existing literature.
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Wu H, Liu F, Ji F, Guo M, Wang Y, Cao M. Identification of Independent Risk Factors for Complications: A Retrospective Analysis of 163 Fibular Free Flaps for Mandibulofacial Reconstruction. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 76:1571-1577. [PMID: 29391160 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fibular free flap transfer is a powerful tool available to the reconstructive surgeon when treating oral and maxillofacial defects, but complications still occasionally occur and predictive analysis focusing on this specific flap is limited in terms of risk factors for complication. The purpose of this study was to identify key variables associated with complications in patients undergoing fibular free flap transfer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The data of 163 consecutive patients who underwent fibular free flap surgery at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, between 2012 and 2015 were reviewed retrospectively. Patient demographic data, laboratory data, surgical data, and fluid infusion-related data that may have an influence on free flap outcomes were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify relevant risk factors. RESULTS A total of 163 fibular free flaps were transferred for mandibulofacial reconstruction in 163 patients with a mean age of 50.9 years. Postoperative complications developed in 33 (20.2%). Multivariate analysis showed that free flap complications were significantly associated with radiotherapy history (odds ratio [OR], 5.12; P = .001), postoperative anemia (OR, 1.048; P = .041), postoperative hypoalbuminemia (OR, 0.844; P = .002), and prolonged operative time (OR, 1.005; P = .004). CONCLUSIONS Radiotherapy history, decreased postoperative hemoglobin and albumin levels, and prolonged operative time are potential predictors of postoperative complications after fibular free flap reconstruction for mandibulofacial defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixuan Wu
- Resident, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Funing Liu
- Attending, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengtao Ji
- Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyan Guo
- Attending, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youyuan Wang
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minghui Cao
- Department Head, Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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