1
|
Anzaghe M, Niles MA, Korotkova E, Dominguez M, Kronhart S, Ortega Iannazzo S, Bechmann I, Bachmann M, Mühl H, Kochs G, Waibler Z. Interleukin-36γ is causative for liver damage upon infection with Rift Valley fever virus in type I interferon receptor-deficient mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1194733. [PMID: 37720217 PMCID: PMC10502725 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1194733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFN) are pro-inflammatory cytokines which can also exert anti-inflammatory effects via the regulation of interleukin (IL)-1 family members. Several studies showed that interferon receptor (IFNAR)-deficient mice develop severe liver damage upon treatment with artificial agonists such as acetaminophen or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid. In order to investigate if these mechanisms also play a role in an acute viral infection, experiments with the Bunyaviridae family member Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) were performed. Upon RVFV clone (cl)13 infection, IFNAR-deficient mice develop a severe liver injury as indicated by high activity of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and histological analyses. Infected IFNAR-/- mice expressed high amounts of IL-36γ within the liver, which was not observed in infected wildtype (WT) animals. In line with this, treatment of WT mice with recombinant IL-36γ induced ALT activity. Furthermore, administration of an IL-36 receptor antagonist prior to infection prevented the formation of liver injury in IFNAR-/- mice, indicating that IL-36γ is causative for the observed liver damage. Mice deficient for adaptor molecules of certain pattern recognition receptors indicated that IL-36γ induction was dependent on mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein and the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptor. Consequently, cell type-specific IFNAR knockouts revealed that type I IFN signaling in myeloid cells is critical in order to prevent IL-36γ expression and liver injury upon viral infection. Our data demonstrate an anti-inflammatory role of type I IFN in a model for virus-induced hepatitis by preventing the expression of the novel IL-1 family member IL-36γ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Anzaghe
- Division of Immunology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Marc A. Niles
- Division of Immunology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Ingo Bechmann
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Anatomy, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Malte Bachmann
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heiko Mühl
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Georg Kochs
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zoe Waibler
- Division of Immunology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Zhou C, Fu Y, Zhang L, Liu S, Cai L, Jiang Z, Xu X, Feng L, Gao Y. Establishment of acute liver failure model in Tibetan miniature pig and verified by dual plasma molecular adsorption system. Int J Artif Organs 2023; 46:141-152. [PMID: 36600401 DOI: 10.1177/03913988221145501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute liver failure (ALF) is a severe liver disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. Animal models are important for research on ALF. This study aimed to establish a reproducible, Tibetan miniature pig model of D-galactosamine-induced ALF and verify it using a dual plasma molecular adsorption system (DPMAS). METHODS Tibet miniature pigs were randomly divided into four groups (A, B, C, D) after catheterization. D-galactosamine (D-gal) at 0.45, 0.40, 0.35, and 0.35 g/kg body weight, respectively, was injected through the catheter. Group D was treated with DPMAS 48 h after D-gal administration. Vital signs and blood index values were recorded every 12 h after D-gal administration. H&E, TUNEL, Ki67, and Masson staining tests were performed. RESULTS After D-gal administration, Tibetan miniature pigs developed different degrees of debilitation, loss of appetite, and jaundice. Survival times of groups A, B, C, and D were 39.7 ± 5.9, 53.0 ± 12.5,61.3 ± 8.1, and 61 ± 7 h, respectively. Blood levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, ammonia, PT, and inflammation factors significantly increased compared with baseline levels in the different groups (Ps < 0.05). Pathological results revealed a clear liver cell necrosis positive correlation with D-gal dose. However, DPMAS did not increase the survival time in ALF, ammonia, or liver cell necrosis. CONCLUSION We successfully established a reproducible Tibetan miniature pig model of d-galactosamine-induced ALF, and we believe that a dosage of 0.35 g/kg is optimal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chenjie Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linya Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shusong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zesheng Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Organ and Tissue Engineering, Guangzhou Clinical Research and Transformation Center for Artificial Liver, Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Stegelmeier AA, Darzianiazizi M, Hanada K, Sharif S, Wootton SK, Bridle BW, Karimi K. Type I Interferon-Mediated Regulation of Antiviral Capabilities of Neutrophils. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4726. [PMID: 33946935 PMCID: PMC8125486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are induced by viruses and are the main regulators of the host antiviral response. They balance tissue tolerance and immune resistance against viral challenges. Like all cells in the human body, neutrophils possess the receptors for IFNs and contribute to antiviral host defense. To combat viruses, neutrophils utilize various mechanisms, such as viral sensing, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, and antigen presentation. These mechanisms have also been linked to tissue damage during viral infection and inflammation. In this review, we presented evidence that a complex cross-regulatory talk between IFNs and neutrophils initiates appropriate antiviral immune responses and regulates them to minimize tissue damage. We also explored recent exciting research elucidating the interactions between IFNs, neutrophils, and severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2, as an example of neutrophil and IFN cross-regulatory talk. Dissecting the IFN-neutrophil paradigm is needed for well-balanced antiviral therapeutics and development of novel treatments against many major epidemic or pandemic viral infections, including the ongoing pandemic of the coronavirus disease that emerged in 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Byram W. Bridle
- Correspondence: (B.W.B.); (K.K.); Tel.: +1-(519)-824-4120 (ext. 54657) (B.W.B.); +1-(519)-824-4120 (ext. 54668) (K.K.)
| | - Khalil Karimi
- Correspondence: (B.W.B.); (K.K.); Tel.: +1-(519)-824-4120 (ext. 54657) (B.W.B.); +1-(519)-824-4120 (ext. 54668) (K.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Homeostatic regulation of T follicular helper and antibody response to particle antigens by IL-1Ra of medullary sinus macrophage origin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2019798118. [PMID: 33875594 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019798118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines are composed of surface antigen HBsAg that spontaneously assembles into subviral particles. Factors that impede its humoral immunity in 5% to 10% of vaccinees remain elusive. Here, we showed that the low-level interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) can predict antibody protection both in mice and humans. Mechanistically, murine IL-1Ra-inhibited T follicular helper (Tfh) cell expansion and subsequent germinal center (GC)-dependent humoral immunity, resulting in significantly weakened protection against the HBV challenge. Compared to soluble antigens, HBsAg particle antigen displayed a unique capture/uptake and innate immune activation, including IL-1Ra expression, preferably of medullary sinus macrophages. In humans, a unique polymorphism in the RelA/p65 binding site of IL-1Ra enhancer associated IL-1Ra levels with ethnicity-dependent vaccination outcome. Therefore, the differential IL-1Ra response to particle antigens probably creates a suppressive milieu for Tfh/GC development, and neutralization of IL-1Ra would resurrect antibody response in HBV vaccine nonresponders.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou Z, Kim JW, Qi J, Eo SK, Lim CW, Kim B. Toll-Like Receptor 5 Signaling Ameliorates Liver Fibrosis by Inducing Interferon β-Modulated IL-1 Receptor Antagonist in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:614-629. [PMID: 31972159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial flagellin, recognized by cell surface of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 5, is a potent activator of many types of cells, leading to the activation of innate or adaptive immunity, which are pivotal in regulating fibrotic process. However, the exact role of TLR5 signaling in hepatic fibrogenesis remains unclear, and this study aims to elucidate its underlying mechanisms. Flagellin was injected to hepatotoxin- and cholestasis-induced liver fibrosis murine models. Flagellin-induced TLR5 activation significantly decreased the severity of liver fibrosis. Interestingly, the expression levels of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) and interferon (IFN)β markedly increased in fibrotic livers on flagellin treatment. Consistently, in vivo activation of TLR5 signaling markedly increased IFNβ and IL1RN expression in the livers. Notably, flagellin injection significantly exacerbated the severity of liver fibrosis in IFN-α/β receptor 1 (IFNAR1) knockout mice. Furthermore, hepatic expression of IL1RN in the fibrotic livers of IFNAR1 knockout mice was significantly lower than those of wild-type mice. In support of these findings, flagellin-mediated IL1RN production is not sufficient to alleviate the severity of hepatic fibroinflammatory responses in IFNAR1-deficient milieu. Finally, hepatic stellate cells treated with IL1RN had significantly decreased cellular activation and its associated fibrogenic responses. Collectively, manipulation of TLR5 signaling may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixiong Zhou
- Biosafety Research Institute, and the BK21 Plus Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Jong-Won Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute, and the BK21 Plus Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Jing Qi
- Biosafety Research Institute, and the BK21 Plus Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Seong Kug Eo
- Biosafety Research Institute, and the BK21 Plus Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Chae Woong Lim
- Biosafety Research Institute, and the BK21 Plus Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea
| | - Bumseok Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute, and the BK21 Plus Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Anzaghe M, Resch T, Schaser E, Kronhart S, Diez C, Niles MA, Korotkova E, Schülke S, Wolfheimer S, Kreuz D, Wingerter M, Bartolomé Rodríguez MM, Waibler Z. Organ-Specific Expression of IL-1 Receptor Results in Severe Liver Injury in Type I Interferon Receptor Deficient Mice. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1009. [PMID: 31143178 PMCID: PMC6521796 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon treatment with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)], an artificial double-stranded RNA, type I interferon receptor-deficient (IFNAR−/−) mice develop severe liver injury seen by enhanced alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in the serum that is not observed in their wildtype (WT) counterparts. Recently, we showed that liver injury is mediated by an imbalanced expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and its receptor antagonist (IL1-RA) in the absence of type I IFN. Here we show that despite comparable expression levels of IL-1β in livers and spleens, spleens of poly(I:C)-treated IFNAR−/− mice show no signs of injury. In vitro analyses of hepatocytes and splenocytes revealed that poly(I:C) had no direct toxic effect on hepatocytes. Furthermore, expression levels of cytokines involved in other models for liver damage or protection such as interferon (IFN)-γ, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and IL-22 were comparable for both organs in WT and IFNAR−/− mice upon treatment. Moreover, flow cytometric analyses showed that the composition of different immune cells in livers and spleens were not altered upon injection of poly(I:C). Finally, we demonstrated that the receptor binding IL-1β, IL1R1, is specifically expressed in livers but not spleens of WT and IFNAR−/− mice. Accordingly, mice double-deficient for IFNAR and IL1R1 developed no liver injury upon poly(I:C) treatment and showed ALT activities comparable to those of WT mice. Collectively, liver injury is mediated by the organ-specific expression of IL1R1 in the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Anzaghe
- Section 3/1 "Product Testing of Immunological Biomedicines", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Theresa Resch
- Section 3/1 "Product Testing of Immunological Biomedicines", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Elea Schaser
- Section 3/1 "Product Testing of Immunological Biomedicines", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kronhart
- Section 3/1 "Product Testing of Immunological Biomedicines", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Clara Diez
- Section 3/1 "Product Testing of Immunological Biomedicines", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Marc A Niles
- Section 3/1 "Product Testing of Immunological Biomedicines", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Eugenia Korotkova
- Section 3/1 "Product Testing of Immunological Biomedicines", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Stefan Schülke
- Vice President's Research Group 1 "Molecular Allergology", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Sonja Wolfheimer
- Vice President's Research Group 1 "Molecular Allergology", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Dorothea Kreuz
- Section 3/3 "Morphology", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Marion Wingerter
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | | | - Zoe Waibler
- Section 3/1 "Product Testing of Immunological Biomedicines", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Borst K, Graalmann T, Kalinke U. Reply to: "Lack of Kupffer cell depletion in diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic inflammation". J Hepatol 2019; 70:815-816. [PMID: 30712975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Borst
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Graalmann
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, RESIST, Cluster of Excellence 2155, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture Between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, RESIST, Cluster of Excellence 2155, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Minayoshi Y, Maeda H, Yanagisawa H, Hamasaki K, Mizuta Y, Nishida K, Kinoshita R, Enoki Y, Imafuku T, Chuang VTG, Koga T, Fujiwara Y, Takeya M, Sonoda K, Wakayama T, Taguchi K, Ishima Y, Ishida T, Iwakiri Y, Tanaka M, Sasaki Y, Watanabe H, Otagiri M, Maruyama T. Development of Kupffer cell targeting type-I interferon for the treatment of hepatitis via inducing anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:1067-1077. [PMID: 29688069 PMCID: PMC6058604 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1464083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of its multifaceted anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, delivering type-I interferon to Kupffer cells has the potential to function as a novel type of therapy for the treatment of various types of hepatitis. We report herein on the preparation of a Kupffer cell targeting type-I interferon, an albumin-IFNα2b fusion protein that contains highly mannosylated N-linked oligosaccharide chains, Man-HSA(D494N)-IFNα2b, attached by combining albumin fusion technology and site-directed mutagenesis. The presence of this unique oligosaccharide permits the protein to be efficiently, rapidly and preferentially distributed to Kupffer cells. Likewise IFNα2b, Man-HSA(D494N)-IFNα2b caused a significant induction in the mRNA levels of IL-10, IL-1Ra, PD-L1 in RAW264.7 cells and mouse isolated Kupffer cells, and these inductions were largely inhibited by blocking the interferon receptor. These data indicate that Man-HSA(D494N)-IFNα2b retained the biological activities of type-I interferon. Man-HSA(D494N)-IFNα2b significantly inhibited liver injury in Concanavalin A (Con-A)-induced hepatitis model mice, and consequently improved their survival rate. Moreover, the post-administration of Man-HSA(D494N)-IFNα2b at 2 h after the Con-A challenge also exerted hepato-protective effects. In conclusion, this proof-of-concept study demonstrates the therapeutic effectiveness and utility of Kupffer cell targeting type-I interferon against hepatitis via its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Minayoshi
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maeda
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Hiroki Yanagisawa
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Keisuke Hamasaki
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yuki Mizuta
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Kento Nishida
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Ryo Kinoshita
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yuki Enoki
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Tadasi Imafuku
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | | | - Tomoaki Koga
- c Department of Molecular Medicine , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- d Department of Cell Pathology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Motohiro Takeya
- d Department of Cell Pathology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Kayoko Sonoda
- e Department of Histology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Tomohiko Wakayama
- e Department of Histology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Kazuaki Taguchi
- f Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and DDS Research Institute , Sojo University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yu Ishima
- g Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- g Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Yasuko Iwakiri
- h Department of Internal Medicine , Sections of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Motohiko Tanaka
- i Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Yutaka Sasaki
- i Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- f Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and DDS Research Institute , Sojo University , Kumamoto , Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- a Department of Biopharmaceutics , Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University , Kumamoto , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Najar M, Crompot E, Raicevic G, Sokal EM, Najimi M, Lagneaux L. Cytokinome of adult-derived human liver stem/progenitor cells: immunological and inflammatory features. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2018; 7:331-344. [PMID: 30498709 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2018.05.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Being non-immunogenic and capable of achieving major metabolic liver functions, adult-derived human liver stem/progenitor cells (ADHLSCs) are of special interest in the field of liver cell therapy. The cytokine repertoire of engrafted cells may have critical impacts on the immune response balance, particularly during cell transplantation. Methods In this work, we analyzed the cytokinome of ADHLSCs during hepatogenic differentiation (HD) following stimulation with a mixture of inflammatory cytokines (I) in vitro and compared it to that of mature hepatocytes. Results Independent of their hepatic state, ADHLSCs showed no constitutive expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which were significantly induced by inflammation (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, CCL5, IL-12a, IL-12b, IL-23p19, IL-27p28 and EBI-3). IL1-RA and IDO-1, as immunoregulatory cytokines, were highly induced in undifferentiated ADHLSCs, whereas TGF-β was downregulated by both hepatic and inflammatory events. Interestingly, TDO-1 was exclusively expressed in ADHLSCs after hepatic differentiation and enhanced by inflammatory cytokines. Compared to mature hepatocytes, hepatic-differentiated ADHLSCs showed significantly different cytokine expression patterns. Conclusions By establishing the cytokinome of ADHLSCs and highlighting their immunological and inflammatory features, we can enhance our knowledge about the safety and efficiency of the transplantation strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Najar
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Emerence Crompot
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Gordana Raicevic
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| | - Etienne M Sokal
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Institute of Experimental & Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mustapha Najimi
- Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Institute of Experimental & Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Bâtiment de Transfusion (Level +1), Brussels 1070, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Koestner W, Spanier J, Klause T, Tegtmeyer PK, Becker J, Herder V, Borst K, Todt D, Lienenklaus S, Gerhauser I, Detje CN, Geffers R, Langereis MA, Vondran FWR, Yuan Q, van Kuppeveld FJM, Ott M, Staeheli P, Steinmann E, Baumgärtner W, Wacker F, Kalinke U. Interferon-beta expression and type I interferon receptor signaling of hepatocytes prevent hepatic necrosis and virus dissemination in Coxsackievirus B3-infected mice. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007235. [PMID: 30075026 PMCID: PMC6107283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
During Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection hepatitis is a potentially life threatening complication, particularly in newborns. Studies with type I interferon (IFN-I) receptor (IFNAR)-deficient mice revealed a key role of the IFN-I axis in the protection against CVB3 infection, whereas the source of IFN-I and cell types that have to be IFNAR triggered in order to promote survival are still unknown. We found that CVB3 infected IFN-β reporter mice showed effective reporter induction, especially in hepatocytes and only to a minor extent in liver-resident macrophages. Accordingly, upon in vitro CVB3 infection of primary hepatocytes from murine or human origin abundant IFN-β responses were induced. To identify sites of IFNAR-triggering we performed experiments with Mx reporter mice, which upon CVB3 infection showed massive luciferase induction in the liver. Immunohistological studies revealed that during CVB3 infection MX1 expression of hepatocytes was induced primarily by IFNAR-, and not by IFN-III receptor (IFNLR)-triggering. CVB3 infection studies with primary human hepatocytes, in which either the IFN-I or the IFN-III axis was inhibited, also indicated that primarily IFNAR-, and to a lesser extent IFNLR-triggering was needed for ISG induction. Interestingly, CVB3 infected mice with a hepatocyte-specific IFNAR ablation showed severe liver cell necrosis and ubiquitous viral dissemination that resulted in lethal disease, as similarly detected in classical IFNAR-/- mice. In conclusion, we found that during CVB3 infection hepatocytes are major IFN-I producers and that the liver is also the organ that shows strong IFNAR-triggering. Importantly, hepatocytes need to be IFNAR-triggered in order to prevent virus dissemination and to assure survival. These data are compatible with the hypothesis that during CVB3 infection hepatocytes serve as important IFN-I producers and sensors not only in the murine, but also in the human system. CVB3 belongs to human enteroviruses and is transmitted through the fecal-oral route. Infections with CVB3 are mostly unnoticed or cause flu-like symptoms, however, they can also cause severe disease, such as myocarditis, pancreatitis, and hepatitis. Although CVB3 does not efficiently trigger plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which are the main IFN-I producers in many other virus infections, IFNAR signaling plays a crucial role in CVB3 control. Therefore, we investigated which cells are stimulated to produce IFN-I following CVB3 infection and which cell types have to be IFNAR-triggered in order to confer anti-viral protection. We found that upon CVB3 infection IFN-β was mainly expressed within the liver, especially by hepatocytes and not by liver resident macrophages. This was corroborated by in vitro CVB3 infection experiments with primary murine and human hepatocytes. Interestingly, IFNAR signaling of hepatocytes was required to control the virus. Collectively, our data indicate that hepatocytes, and not immune cells, are the key innate effector cells that are relevant for the control of CVB3 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Koestner
- Institute for Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Spanier
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tanja Klause
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Pia-K. Tegtmeyer
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Becker
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Herder
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Borst
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel Todt
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Lienenklaus
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ingo Gerhauser
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia N. Detje
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Genome Analytics Research Group, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martijn A. Langereis
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Florian W. R. Vondran
- ReMediES, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, and German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Qinggong Yuan
- Institute for Cell and Gene Therapy, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank J. M. van Kuppeveld
- Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Ott
- Institute for Cell and Gene Therapy, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter Staeheli
- Institute for Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eike Steinmann
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Wacker
- Institute for Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, and the Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Borst K, Frenz T, Spanier J, Tegtmeyer PK, Chhatbar C, Skerra J, Ghita L, Namineni S, Lienenklaus S, Köster M, Heikenwaelder M, Sutter G, Kalinke U. Type I interferon receptor signaling delays Kupffer cell replenishment during acute fulminant viral hepatitis. J Hepatol 2018; 68:682-690. [PMID: 29274730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Virus-induced fulminant hepatitis is a major cause of acute liver failure. During acute viral hepatitis the impact of type I interferon (IFN-I) on myeloid cells, including liver-resident Kupffer cells (KC), is only partially understood. Herein, we dissected the impact of locally induced IFN-I responses on myeloid cell function and hepatocytes during acute liver inflammation. METHODS Two different DNA-encoded viruses, vaccinia virus (VACV) and murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV), were studied. In vivo imaging was applied to visualize local IFN-β induction and IFN-I receptor (IFNAR) triggering in VACV-infected reporter mice. Furthermore, mice with a cell type-selective IFNAR ablation were analyzed to dissect the role of IFNAR signaling in myeloid cells and hepatocytes. Experiments with Cx3cr1+/gfp mice revealed the origin of reconstituted KC. Finally, mixed bone marrow chimeric mice were studied to specifically analyze the effect of IFNAR triggering on liver infiltrating monocytes. RESULTS VACV infection induced local IFN-β responses, which lead to IFNAR signaling primarily within the liver. IFNAR triggering was needed to control the infection and prevent fulminant hepatitis. The severity of liver inflammation was independent of IFNAR triggering of hepatocytes, whereas IFNAR triggering of myeloid cells protected from excessive inflammation. Upon VACV or MCMV infection KC disappeared, whereas infiltrating monocytes differentiated to KC afterwards. During IFNAR triggering such replenished monocyte-derived KC comprised more IFNAR-deficient than -competent cells in mixed bone marrow chimeric mice, whereas after the decline of IFNAR triggering both subsets showed an even distribution. CONCLUSION Upon VACV infection IFNAR triggering of myeloid cells, but not of hepatocytes, critically modulates acute viral hepatitis. During infection with DNA-encoded viruses IFNAR triggering of liver-infiltrating blood monocytes delays the development of monocyte-derived KC, pointing towards new therapeutic strategies for acute viral hepatitis. LAY SUMMARY Viral infection can cause fulminant hepatitis, which in turn is a major cause of acute liver failure. Herein, we aimed to study the role of type 1 interferon responses in acute viral hepatitis. We identified that during infection with DNA-encoded viruses, type 1 interferon receptor triggering of blood monocytes delays the development of monocyte-derived Kupffer cells. This points to new therapeutic strategies for acute viral hepatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Borst
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Theresa Frenz
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Julia Spanier
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Pia-Katharina Tegtmeyer
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Chintan Chhatbar
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Jennifer Skerra
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Luca Ghita
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Sukumar Namineni
- Department Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Virology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Lienenklaus
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany; Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Mario Köster
- Research Group Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwaelder
- Department Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Virology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerd Sutter
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Interfering with Kupffer cell replenishment: New insights into liver injury. J Hepatol 2018; 68:635-637. [PMID: 29463431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
13
|
Bachmann M, Waibler Z, Pleli T, Pfeilschifter J, Mühl H. Type I Interferon Supports Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Murine Hepatoma Cells and Hepatocytes and during Experimental Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Damage. Front Immunol 2017; 8:890. [PMID: 28824623 PMCID: PMC5534483 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine regulation of high-output nitric oxide (NO) derived from inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is critically involved in inflammation biology and host defense. Herein, we set out to characterize the role of type I interferon (IFN) as potential regulator of hepatic iNOS in vitro and in vivo. In this regard, we identified in murine Hepa1-6 hepatoma cells a potent synergism between pro-inflammatory interleukin-β/tumor necrosis factor-α and immunoregulatory IFNβ as detected by analysis of iNOS expression and nitrite release. Upregulation of iNOS by IFNβ coincided with enhanced binding of signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 to a regulatory region at the murine iNOS promoter known to support target gene expression in response to this signaling pathway. Synergistic iNOS induction under the influence of IFNβ was confirmed in alternate murine Hepa56.1D hepatoma cells and primary hepatocytes. To assess iNOS regulation by type I IFN in vivo, murine acetaminophen (APAP)-induced sterile liver inflammation was investigated. In this model of acute liver injury, excessive necroinflammation drives iNOS expression in diverse liver cell types, among others hepatocytes. Herein, we demonstrate impaired iNOS expression in type I IFN receptor-deficient mice which associated with diminished APAP-induced liver damage. Data presented indicate a vital role of type I IFN within the inflamed liver for fine-tuning pathological processes such as overt iNOS expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Bachmann
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Zoe Waibler
- Junior Research Group "Novel Vaccination Strategies Early Immune Responses", Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Thomas Pleli
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Josef Pfeilschifter
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heiko Mühl
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
In Vivo Conditions Enable IFNAR-Independent Type I Interferon Production by Peritoneal CD11b+ Cells upon Thogoto Virus Infection. J Virol 2016; 90:9330-7. [PMID: 27512061 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00744-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Type I interferons (IFNs) crucially contribute to host survival upon viral infections. Robust expression of type I IFNs (IFN-α/β) and induction of an antiviral state critically depend on amplification of the IFN signal via the type I IFN receptor (IFNAR). A small amount of type I IFN produced early upon virus infection binds the IFNAR and activates a self-enhancing positive feedback loop, resulting in induction of large, protective amounts of IFN-α. Unexpectedly, we found robust, systemic IFN-α expression upon infection of IFNAR knockout mice with the orthomyxovirus Thogoto virus (THOV). The IFNAR-independent IFN-α production required in vivo conditions and was not achieved during in vitro infection. Using replication-incompetent THOV-derived virus-like particles, we demonstrate that IFNAR-independent type I IFN induction depends on viral polymerase activity but is largely independent of viral replication. To discover the cell type responsible for this effect, we used type I IFN reporter mice and identified CD11b(+) F4/80(+) myeloid cells within the peritoneal cavity of infected animals as the main source of IFNAR-independent type I IFN, corresponding to the particular tropism of THOV for this cell type. IMPORTANCE Type I IFNs are crucial for the survival of a host upon most viral infections, and, moreover, they shape subsequent adaptive immune responses. Production of protective amounts of type I IFN critically depends on the positive feedback amplification via the IFNAR. Unexpectedly, we observed robust IFNAR-independent type I IFN expression upon THOV infection and unraveled molecular mechanisms and determined the tissue and cell type involved. Our data indicate that the host can effectively use alternative pathways to induce type I IFN responses if the classical feedback amplification is not available. Understanding how type I IFN can be produced in large amounts independently of IFNAR-dependent enhancement will identify mechanisms which might contribute to novel therapeutic strategies to fight viral pathogens.
Collapse
|
15
|
Gatselis NK, Skendros P, Ritis K, Dalekos GN. Severe liver involvement in two patients with long-term history of fever: remember familial Mediterranean fever. BMJ Case Rep 2016; 2016:bcr-2016-216941. [PMID: 27659912 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-216941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is characterised by recurrent, self-limited fever attacks and serositis. Severe liver involvement has rarely been reported. We present two FMF cases of a 55-year-old man and a 20-year-old woman in whom the prevailing manifestations were recurrent unexplained episodes of anicteric hepatitis (man) and recurrent severe jaundice (woman). A long-term history of recurrent self-limited episodes of fever was also claimed in both. After exclusion of infectious, malignant, autoimmune, and liver and biliary diseases, a diagnosis of FMF as confirmed by molecular analysis was established. The patients started colchicine 1 mg/day with immediate resolution of symptoms. During follow-up, no new episodes of fever and exacerbation of liver biochemical parameters have been recorded for 5 and 1 years. Physicians must keep FMF in mind in patients with recurrent episodes of unexplained severe liver impairment and fever and especially in regions like Mediterranean basin where hereditary periodic fever syndromes are common.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos K Gatselis
- Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Skendros
- First Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Ritis
- First Department of Internal Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - George N Dalekos
- Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Activated NKT cells facilitated functional switch of myeloid-derived suppressor cells at inflammation sites in fulminant hepatitis mice. Immunobiology 2016; 222:440-449. [PMID: 27523745 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) confer immunosuppressive properties, but their roles in fulminant hepatitis have not been well defined. In this study, we systematically examined the distribution of MDSCs in bone marrow (BM), liver and spleen, and their functional and differentiation status in an acute fulminant hepatitis mouse model induced by lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine (LPS-GalN). Moreover, the interaction between NKT cells and MDSCs was determined. Our study revealed that BM contained the largest pool of MDSCs during pathogenesis of fulminant hepatitis compared with liver and spleen. MDSCs in liver/spleen expressed higher levels of chemokine receptors such as CCR2, CX3CR1 and CXCR2. At inflamed tissues such as liver or spleen, activated NKT cells induced differentiation of MDSCs through cell-cell interaction, which markedly dampened the immunosuppressive effects and promoted MDSCs to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and activate inflammatory cells. Our findings thus demonstrated an unexpected pro-inflammatory state for MDSCs, which was mediated by the activated NKT cells that precipitated the differentiation and functional evolution of these MDSCs at sites of inflammation.
Collapse
|
17
|
Etienne-Mesmin L, Vijay-Kumar M, Gewirtz AT, Chassaing B. Hepatocyte Toll-Like Receptor 5 Promotes Bacterial Clearance and Protects Mice Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Liver Disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 2:584-604. [PMID: 28090564 PMCID: PMC5042709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Innate immune dysfunction can promote chronic inflammatory diseases of the liver. For example, mice lacking the flagellin receptor Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) show microbial dysbiosis and predisposition to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis. The extent to which hepatocytes play a direct role in detecting bacterial products in general, or flagellin in particular, is poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the role of hepatocyte TLR5 in recognizing flagellin, policing bacteria, and protecting against liver disease. METHODS Mice were engineered to lack TLR5 specifically in hepatocytes (TLR5ΔHep) and analyzed relative to sibling controls (TLR5fl/fl). TLR5 messenger RNA levels, responses to exogenous flagellin, elimination of circulating motile bacteria, and susceptibility of liver injury (concanavalin A, carbon tetrachloride, methionine- and choline-deficient diet, and HFD) were measured. RESULTS TLR5ΔHep expressed similar levels of TLR5 as TLR5fl/fl in all organs examined, except in the liver, which showed a 90% reduction in TLR5 levels, indicating that hepatocytes accounted for the major portion of TLR5 expression in this organ. TLR5ΔHep showed impairment in responding to purified flagellin and clearing flagellated bacteria from the liver. Although TLR5ΔHep mice did not differ markedly from sibling controls in concanavalin A or carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury models, they showed exacerbated disease in response to a methionine- and choline-deficient diet and HFD. Such predisposition of TLR5ΔHep to diet-induced liver pathology was associated with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines, which was dependent on the Nod-like-receptor C4 inflammasome and rescued by microbiota ablation. CONCLUSIONS Hepatocyte TLR5 plays a critical role in protecting liver against circulating gut bacteria and against diet-induced liver disease.
Collapse
Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- CCL4, carbon tetrachloride
- CFU, colony-forming unit
- CXCL, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1
- ConA, concanavalin A
- DC, dendritic cell
- HFD, high-fat diet
- Hep, hepatocyte
- Hepatocytes
- IEC, intestinal epithelial cell
- IL, interleukin
- Inflammation
- Innate Immunity
- KO, knock-out
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MCD, methionine- and choline-deficient diet
- NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
- NLR, nod-like receptor
- NPC, nonparenchymal cell
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- RT-PCR, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction
- Steatosis
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- TLR5
- WT, wild-type
- mRNA, messenger RNA
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Etienne-Mesmin
- Center for Inflammation Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew T. Gewirtz
- Center for Inflammation Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- Center for Inflammation Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Benoit Chassaing, PhD, Center for Inflammation, Immunity, and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303. fax: (404) 413–3580.Center for InflammationImmunity, and InfectionInstitute for Biomedical SciencesGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgia 30303
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Forghani P, Waller EK. Poly (I: C) modulates the immunosuppressive activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in a murine model of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015. [PMID: 26208484 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [Poly (I: C)], a ligand for Toll-like receptor (TLR-3), is used as an adjuvant to enhance anti-tumor immunity because of its prominent effects on CD8 T cells and NK cells. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are one of the main immunosuppressive factors in cancer, and their abnormal accumulation is correlated with the clinical stage of breast cancer and is an important mechanism of tumor immune evasion. Although Poly (I: C) is thought to have direct anti-tumor activity in different cell lines, its effect on immunosuppressive MDSCs in tumor-bearing animals has not been studied. 4T1-Luc, a metastatic breast cancer mouse cell line, was injected into the left flank of female BALB/c mice. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with i.p. injection of Poly (I: C) or PBS beginning on day 7 after tumor inoculation. WBCs and MDSCs were counted using coulter counter and stained for flow cytometry, respectively. Bioluminescent imaging was used to monitor tumor burden at multiple time points during the course of tumor growth. Poly (I: C) treatment led to a decrease in MDSC frequencies in BM, blood, and tumor compared to saline-treated control mice. Poly (I: C) treatment also abrogated the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs, concomitant with an increase in local T cell response of the immune system in a murine model of breast cancer. Poly (I: C) treatment decreases MDSC frequency and immunosuppressive function in 4T1-tumor-bearing hosts and effectively augments the activity of breast cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Forghani
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA,
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Role of IL-38 and its related cytokines in inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:807976. [PMID: 25873772 PMCID: PMC4383490 DOI: 10.1155/2015/807976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin- (IL-) 38 is a recently discovered cytokine and is the tenth member of the IL-1 cytokine family. IL-38 shares structural features with IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) and IL-36Ra. IL-36R is the specific receptor of IL-38, a partial receptor antagonist of IL-36. IL-38 inhibits the production of T-cell cytokines IL-17 and IL-22. IL-38 also inhibits the production of IL-8 induced by IL-36γ, thus inhibiting inflammatory responses. IL-38-related cytokines, including IL-1Ra and IL-36Ra, are involved in the regulation of inflammation and immune responses. The study of IL-38 and IL-38-related cytokines might provide new insights for developing anti-inflammatory treatments in the near future.
Collapse
|
20
|
Meng Q, Chen XL, Wang CY, Liu Q, Sun HJ, Sun PY, Huo XK, Liu ZH, Yao JH, Liu KX. Alisol B 23-acetate protects against ANIT-induced hepatotoxity and cholestasis, due to FXR-mediated regulation of transporters and enzymes involved in bile acid homeostasis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 283:178-86. [PMID: 25655198 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholestasis is a clinical syndrome with systemic and intrahepatic accumulation of excessive toxic bile acids that ultimately cause hepatobiliary injury. Appropriate regulation of bile acids in hepatocytes is critically important for protection against liver injury. In the present study, we characterized the protective effect of alisol B 23-acetate (AB23A), a natural triterpenoid, on alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced liver injury and intrahepatic cholestasis in mice and further elucidated the mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. AB23A treatment dose-dependently protected against liver injury induced by ANIT through reducing hepatic uptake and increasing efflux of bile acid via down-regulation of hepatic uptake transporters (Ntcp) and up-regulation of efflux transporter (Bsep, Mrp2 and Mdr2) expression. Furthermore, AB23A reduced bile acid synthesis through repressing Cyp7a1 and Cyp8b1, increased bile acid conjugation through inducing Bal, Baat and bile acid metabolism through an induction in gene expression of Sult2a1. We further demonstrate the involvement of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in the hepatoprotective effect of AB23A. The changes in transporters and enzymes, as well as ameliorative liver histology in AB23A-treated mice were abrogated by FXR antagonist guggulsterone in vivo. In vitro evidences also directly demonstrated the effect of AB23A on FXR activation in a dose-dependent manner using luciferase reporter assay in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, AB23A produces protective effect against ANIT-induced hepatotoxity and cholestasis, due to FXR-mediated regulation of transporters and enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Xin-Li Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Chang-Yuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Hui-Jun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Peng-Yuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Xiao-Kui Huo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Ji-Hong Yao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Ke-Xin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tumor induced hepatic myeloid derived suppressor cells can cause moderate liver damage. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112717. [PMID: 25401795 PMCID: PMC4234460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Subcutaneous tumors induce the accumulation of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) not only in blood and spleens, but also in livers of these animals. Unexpectedly, we observed a moderate increase in serum transaminases in mice with EL4 subcutaneous tumors, which prompted us to study the relationship of hepatic MDSC accumulation and liver injury. MDSC were the predominant immune cell population expanding in livers of all subcutaneous tumor models investigated (RIL175, B16, EL4, CT26 and BNL), while liver injury was only observed in EL4 and B16 tumor-bearing mice. Elimination of hepatic MDSC in EL4 tumor-bearing mice using low dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment reversed transaminase elevation and adoptive transfer of hepatic MDSC from B16 tumor-bearing mice caused transaminase elevation indicating a direct MDSC mediated effect. Surprisingly, hepatic MDSC from B16 tumor-bearing mice partially lost their damage-inducing potency when transferred into mice bearing non damage-inducing RIL175 tumors. Furthermore, MDSC expansion and MDSC-mediated liver injury further increased with growing tumor burden and was associated with different cytokines including GM-CSF, VEGF, interleukin-6, CCL2 and KC, depending on the tumor model used. In contrast to previous findings, which have implicated MDSC only in protection from T cell-mediated hepatitis, we show that tumor-induced hepatic MDSC themselves can cause moderate liver damage.
Collapse
|