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Zisiadis GA, Alevyzaki A, Nicola E, Rodrigues CFD, Blomgren K, Osman AM. Memantine increases the dendritic complexity of hippocampal young neurons in the juvenile brain after cranial irradiation. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1202200. [PMID: 37860190 PMCID: PMC10584145 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1202200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cranial irradiation (IR) negatively regulates hippocampal neurogenesis and causes cognitive dysfunctions in cancer survivors, especially in pediatric patients. IR decreases proliferation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPC) and consequently diminishes production of new hippocampal neurons. Memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, used clinically to improve cognition in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease and dementia. In animal models, memantine acts as a potent enhancer of hippocampal neurogenesis. Memantine was recently proposed as an intervention to improve cognitive impairments occurring after radiotherapy and is currently under investigation in a number of clinical trials, including pediatric patients. To date, preclinical studies investigating the mechanisms underpinning how memantine improves cognition after IR remain limited, especially in the young, developing brain. Here, we investigated whether memantine could restore proliferation in the subgranular zone (SGZ) or rescue the reduction in the number of hippocampal young neurons after IR in the juvenile mouse brain. Methods Mice were whole-brain irradiated with 6 Gy on postnatal day 20 (P20) and subjected to acute or long-term treatment with memantine. Proliferation in the SGZ and the number of young neurons were further evaluated after the treatment. We also measured the levels of neurotrophins associated with memantine improved neural plasticity, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF). Results We show that acute intraperitoneal treatment with a high, non-clinically used, dose of memantine (50 mg/kg) increased the number of proliferating cells in the intact brain by 72% and prevented 23% of IR-induced decrease in proliferation. Long-term treatment with 10 mg/kg/day of memantine, equivalent to the clinically used dose, did not impact proliferation, neither in the intact brain, nor after IR, but significantly increased the number of young neurons (doublecortin expressing cells) with radial dendrites (29% in sham controls and 156% after IR) and enhanced their dendritic arborization. Finally, we found that long-term treatment with 10 mg/kg/day memantine did not affect the levels of BDNF, but significantly reduced the levels of NGF by 40%. Conclusion These data suggest that the enhanced dendritic complexity of the hippocampal young neurons after treatment with memantine may contribute to the observed improved cognition in patients treated with cranial radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Androniki Alevyzaki
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elene Nicola
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ahmed M. Osman
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Franco-García A, Gómez-Murcia V, Fernández-Gómez FJ, González-Andreu R, Hidalgo JM, Victoria Milanés M, Núñez C. Morphine-withdrawal aversive memories and their extinction modulate H4K5 acetylation and Brd4 activation in the rat hippocampus and basolateral amygdala. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115055. [PMID: 37356373 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin modification is a crucial mechanism in several important phenomena in the brain, including drug addiction. Persistence of drug craving and risk of relapse could be attributed to drug-induced epigenetic mechanisms that seem to be candidates explaining long-lasting drug-induced behaviour and molecular alterations. Histone acetylation has been proposed to regulate drug-seeking behaviours and the extinction of rewarding memory of drug taking. In this work, we studied the epigenetic regulation during conditioned place aversion and after extinction of aversive memory of opiate withdrawal. Through immunofluorescence assays, we assessed some epigenetic marks (H4K5ac and p-Brd4) in crucial areas related to memory retrieval -basolateral amygdala (BLA) and hippocampus-. Additionally, to test the degree of transcriptional activation, we evaluated the immediate early genes (IEGs) response (Arc, Bdnf, Creb, Egr-1, Fos and Nfkb) and Smarcc1 (chromatin remodeler) through RT-qPCR in these nuclei. Our results showed increased p-Brd4 and H4K5ac levels during aversive memory retrieval, suggesting a more open chromatin state. However, transcriptional activation of these IEGs was not found, therefore suggesting that other secondary response may already be happening. Additionally, Smarcc1 levels were reduced due to morphine chronic administration in BLA and dentate gyrus. The activation markers returned to control levels after the retrieval of aversive memories, revealing a more repressed chromatin state. Taken together, our results show a major role of the tandem H4K5ac/p-Brd4 during the retrieval of aversive memories. These results might be useful to elucidate new molecular targets to improve and develop pharmacological treatments to address addiction and to avoid drug relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Franco-García
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Victoria Gómez-Murcia
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco José Fernández-Gómez
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Raúl González-Andreu
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Juana M Hidalgo
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Victoria Milanés
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Cristina Núñez
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain.
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3
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Castro AE, Domínguez-Ordoñez R, Young LJ, Camacho FJ, Ávila-González D, Paredes RG, Díaz NF, Portillo W. Pair-bonding and social experience modulate new neurons survival in adult male and female prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:987229. [PMID: 36189119 PMCID: PMC9520527 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.987229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Prairie voles are a socially monogamous species that, after cohabitation with mating, form enduring pair bonds. The plastic mechanisms involved in this social behavior are not well-understood. Neurogenesis in adult rodents is a plastic neural process induced in specific brain areas like the olfactory bulbs (OB) and dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. However, it is unknown how cell survival is modulated by social or sexual experience in prairie voles. This study aimed to evaluate if cohabitation with mating and/or social exposure to a vole of the opposite sex increased the survival of the new cells in the main and accessory OB and DG. To identify the new cells and evaluate their survival, voles were injected with the DNA synthesis marker 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and were randomly distributed into one of the following groups: (A) Control (C), voles that did not receive any sexual stimulation and were placed alone during the behavioral test. (B) Social exposure (SE), voles were individually placed in a cage equally divided into two compartments by an acrylic screen with small holes. One male and one female were placed in opposite compartments. (C) Social cohabitation with mating (SCM), animals mated freely. Our findings demonstrated that SCM females had increases in the number of new cells (BrdU-positive cells) in the main olfactory bulb and new mature neurons (BrdU/NeuN-positive cells) in the glomerular layer (GlL). In contrast, these new cells decrease in males in the SE and SCM conditions. In the granular cell layer (GrL), SCM females had more new cells and neurons than the SE group. In the accessory olfactory bulb, in the anterior GlL, SCM decreased the number of new cells and neurons in females. On the other hand, in the DG, SCM and SE increase the number of new cells in the suprapyramidal blade in female voles. Males from SCM express more new cells and neurons in the infrapyramidal blade compared with SE group. Comparison between male and females showed that new cells/neurons survival was sex dependent. These results suggest that social interaction and sexual behavior modulate cell survival and influence the neuronal fate in a sex-dependent manner, in the OB and DG. This study will contribute to understand neural mechanisms of complex social and pair bond behaviors in the prairie voles; supporting adult neurogenesis as a plastic mechanism potentially involved in social monogamous strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía E. Castro
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Raymundo Domínguez-Ordoñez
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico
- Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Complejo Regional Centro, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Larry J. Young
- Silvio O. Conte Center for Oxytocin and Social Cognition, Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Francisco J. Camacho
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Daniela Ávila-González
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Raúl G. Paredes
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nestor F. Díaz
- Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Nestor F. Díaz,
| | - Wendy Portillo
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Querétaro, Mexico
- Wendy Portillo,
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Abrous DN, Koehl M, Lemoine M. A Baldwin interpretation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis: from functional relevance to physiopathology. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:383-402. [PMID: 34103674 PMCID: PMC8960398 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal adult neurogenesis has been associated to many cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functions and dysfunctions, and its status as a selected effect or an "appendix of the brain" has been debated. In this review, we propose to understand hippocampal neurogenesis as the process underlying the "Baldwin effect", a particular situation in evolution where fitness does not rely on the natural selection of genetic traits, but on "ontogenetic adaptation" to a changing environment. This supports the view that a strong distinction between developmental and adult hippocampal neurogenesis is made. We propose that their functions are the constitution and the lifelong adaptation, respectively, of a basic repertoire of cognitive and emotional behaviors. This lifelong adaptation occurs through new forms of binding, i.e., association or dissociation of more basic elements. This distinction further suggests that a difference is made between developmental vulnerability (or resilience), stemming from dysfunctional (or highly functional) developmental hippocampal neurogenesis, and adult vulnerability (or resilience), stemming from dysfunctional (or highly functional) adult hippocampal neurogenesis. According to this hypothesis, developmental and adult vulnerability are distinct risk factors for various mental disorders in adults. This framework suggests new avenues for research on hippocampal neurogenesis and its implication in mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djoher Nora Abrous
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Neurogenesis and Pathophysiology group, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Muriel Koehl
- grid.412041.20000 0001 2106 639XUniv. Bordeaux, INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Neurogenesis and Pathophysiology group, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Maël Lemoine
- grid.412041.20000 0001 2106 639XUniversity Bordeaux, CNRS, ImmunoConcEpT, UMR 5164, Bordeaux, France
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5
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Wan L, Huang RJ, Yang C, Ai JQ, Zhou Q, Gong JE, Li J, Zhang Y, Luo ZH, Tu E, Pan A, Xiao B, Yan XX. Extracranial 125I Seed Implantation Allows Non-invasive Stereotactic Radioablation of Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis in Guinea Pigs. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:756658. [PMID: 34916901 PMCID: PMC8670234 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.756658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is important for multiple cognitive functions. We sort to establish a minimal or non-invasive radiation approach to ablate AHN using guinea pigs as an animal model. 125I seeds with different radiation dosages (1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.3 mCi) were implanted unilaterally between the scalp and skull above the temporal lobe for 30 and 60 days, with the radiation effect on proliferating cells, immature neurons, and mature neurons in the hippocampal formation determined by assessment of immunolabeled (+) cells for Ki67, doublecortin (DCX), and neuron-specific nuclear antigen (NeuN), as well as Nissl stain cells. Spatially, the ablation effect of radiation occurred across the entire rostrocaudal and largely the dorsoventral dimensions of the hippocampus, evidenced by a loss of DCX+ cells in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of dentate gyrus (DG) in the ipsilateral relative to contralateral hemispheres in reference to the 125I seed implant. Quantitatively, Ki67+ and DCX+ cells at the SGZ in the dorsal hippocampus were reduced in all dosage groups at the two surviving time points, more significant in the ipsilateral than contralateral sides, relative to sham controls. NeuN+ neurons and Nissl-stained cells were reduced in the granule cell layer of DG and the stratum pyramidale of CA1 in the groups with 0.6-mCi radiation for 60 days and 1.0 mCi for 30 and 60 days. Minimal cranial trauma was observed in the groups with 0.3– 1.0-mCi radiation at 60 days. These results suggest that extracranial radiation with 125I seed implantation can be used to deplete HAN in a radioactivity-, duration-, and space-controllable manner, with a “non-invasive” stereotactic ablation achievable by using 125I seeds with relatively low radioactivity dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Rou-Jie Huang
- Medical Doctor Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Qi Ai
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Medical Doctor Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiao-E Gong
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ewen Tu
- Department of Neurology, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Aihua Pan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, China
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6
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Wan L, Huang RJ, Luo ZH, Gong JE, Pan A, Manavis J, Yan XX, Xiao B. Reproduction-Associated Hormones and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. Neural Plast 2021; 2021:3651735. [PMID: 34539776 PMCID: PMC8448607 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3651735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The levels of reproduction-associated hormones in females, such as estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, and oxytocin, change dramatically during pregnancy and postpartum. Reproduction-associated hormones can affect adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), thereby regulating mothers' behavior after delivery. In this review, we first briefly introduce the overall functional significance of AHN and the methods commonly used to explore this front. Then, we attempt to reconcile the changes of reproduction-associated hormones during pregnancy. We further update the findings on how reproduction-related hormones influence adult hippocampal neurogenesis. This review is aimed at emphasizing a potential role of AHN in reproduction-related brain plasticity and its neurobiological relevance to motherhood behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Wan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Rou-Jie Huang
- Medical Doctor Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jiao-e Gong
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Aihua Pan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jim Manavis
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia 5000
| | - Xiao-Xin Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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7
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Che X, Bai Y, Cai J, Liu Y, Li Y, Yin M, Xu T, Wu C, Yang J. Hippocampal neurogenesis interferes with extinction and reinstatement of methamphetamine-associated reward memory in mice. Neuropharmacology 2021; 196:108717. [PMID: 34273388 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Drugs of abuse, including morphine and cocaine, can reduce hippocampal neurogenesis (HN). Whereas promotion of HN is being increasingly recognized as a promising strategy for treating morphine and cocaine addiction. The present study is focused on exploring the changes of HN during methamphetamine (METH) administration and further clarify if HN is involved in METH-associated reward memory. After successfully establishing the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm to simulate the METH-associated reward memory in C57BL/6 mice, we observed that HN was significantly inhibited during METH (2 mg/kg, i. p.) administration and returned to normal after the extinction of METH CPP, as indicated by the immunostaining of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and doublecortin (DCX) in the hippocampus. To promote/inhibit HN levels, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF), a small tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) agonist and temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent, were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.), respectively. The data showed that either DHF (5 mg/kg, i. p.) or TMZ (25 mg/kg, i. p.) pre-treatment before METH administration could significantly prolong extinction and enhance reinstatement of the reward memory. Notably, DHF treatment after METH administration significantly facilitated extinction and inhibited METH reinstatement, while TMZ treatment resulted in opposite effects. The present study indicated that METH administration could induce a temporal inhibitory effect on HN. More importantly, promotion of HN after the acquisition of METH-associated reward memory, but not inhibition of HN or promotion of HN before the acquisition of reward memory, could facilitate METH extinction and inhibit METH reinstatement, indicating the beneficial effect of HN on METH addiction by erasing the according reward memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Che
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Yijun Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Jialing Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Yueyang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Yuting Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Meixue Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Tianyu Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
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8
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Abstract
This paper is the forty-second consecutive installment of the annual anthological review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, summarizing articles published during 2019 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides and receptors as well as effects of opioid/opiate agonists and antagonists. The review is subdivided into the following specific topics: molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors (1), the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia in animals (2) and humans (3), opioid-sensitive and opioid-insensitive effects of nonopioid analgesics (4), opioid peptide and receptor involvement in tolerance and dependence (5), stress and social status (6), learning and memory (7), eating and drinking (8), drug abuse and alcohol (9), sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (10), mental illness and mood (11), seizures and neurologic disorders (12), electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (13), general activity and locomotion (14), gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (15), cardiovascular responses (16), respiration and thermoregulation (17), and immunological responses (18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY, 11367, United States.
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Mañas‐Padilla MC, Gil‐Rodríguez S, Sampedro‐Piquero P, Ávila‐Gámiz F, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Santín LJ, Castilla‐Ortega E. Remote memory of drug experiences coexists with cognitive decline and abnormal adult neurogenesis in an animal model of cocaine-altered cognition. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12886. [PMID: 32090424 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine addiction is a chronic disorder in which the person loses control over drug use. The past memories of the stimuli associated with the drug are a relevant clinical problem, since they trigger compulsive drug-seeking and drug-taking habits. Furthermore, these persistent drug-related memories seemingly coexist with cognitive decline that predicts worse therapeutic output. Here, we use a new animal model of cocaine-altered cognition that allowed to observe these events in the same individual and study their relationship. Mice were chronically administered cocaine in a conditioned place preference (CPP) apparatus for 14 days, and control mice received saline. After 28 days of cocaine withdrawal, animals were tested for retrieval of remote drug-associated memory as well as for cognitive performance in a battery of tests, including novel object and place recognition and spatial memory. The cocaine-withdrawn mice showed persistent CPP memory while impaired in the cognitive tasks, displaying deficits in reference memory acquisition and working memory. However, the CPP expression was not associated with the defective cognitive performance, indicating that they were concomitant but independent occurrences. After completion of the experiment, adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) was studied as a relevant neurobiological correlate due to its potential role in both learning and drug addiction. Results suggested a preserved basal AHN in the cocaine-withdrawn mice but an aberrant learning-induced regulation of these neurons. This paradigm may be useful to investigate maladaptive cognition in drug addiction as well as related therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Carmen Mañas‐Padilla
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA Málaga Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología Universidad de Málaga Málaga Spain
| | - Sara Gil‐Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA Málaga Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología Universidad de Málaga Málaga Spain
| | - Patricia Sampedro‐Piquero
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA Málaga Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología Universidad de Málaga Málaga Spain
| | - Fabiola Ávila‐Gámiz
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA Málaga Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología Universidad de Málaga Málaga Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA Málaga Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Málaga Spain
| | - Luis J. Santín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA Málaga Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología Universidad de Málaga Málaga Spain
| | - Estela Castilla‐Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga‐IBIMA Málaga Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Málaga Spain
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10
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García-Cabrerizo R, Ledesma-Corvi S, Bis-Humbert C, García-Fuster MJ. Sex differences in the antidepressant-like potential of repeated electroconvulsive seizures in adolescent and adult rats: Regulation of the early stages of hippocampal neurogenesis. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 41:132-145. [PMID: 33160794 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Age and sex are critical factors for the diagnosis and treatment of major depression, since there is a well-known age-by-sex difference in the prevalence of major depression (being females the most vulnerable ones) and in antidepressant efficacy (being adolescence a less responsive period than adulthood). Although the induction of electroconvulsive seizures (ECS) is a very old technique in humans, there is not much evidence reporting sex- and age-specific aspects of this treatment. The present study evaluated the antidepressant- and neurogenic-like potential of repeated ECS across time in adolescent and adult rats (naïve or in a model of early life stress capable of mimicking a pro-depressive phenotype), while including a sex perspective. The main results demonstrated age- and sex-specific differences in the antidepressant-like potential of repeated ECS, since it worked when administered during adolescence or adulthood in male rats (although with a shorter length in adolescence), while in females rendered deleterious during adolescence and ineffective in adulthood. Yet, repeated ECS increased cell proliferation and vastly boosted young neuronal survival in a time-dependent manner for both sexes and independently of age. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of basal cell proliferation prevented the antidepressant-like effect induced by repeated ECS in male rats, but only partially blocked the very robust increase in the initial cell markers of hippocampal neurogenesis. Overall, the present results suggest that the induction of the early phases of neurogenesis by ECS, besides having a role in mediating its antidepressant-like effect, might participate in some other neuroplastic actions, opening the path for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén García-Cabrerizo
- IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122 Palma, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain; Present address: APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sandra Ledesma-Corvi
- IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122 Palma, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Cristian Bis-Humbert
- IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122 Palma, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - M Julia García-Fuster
- IUNICS, University of the Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122 Palma, Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.
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11
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Contribution of D1R-expressing neurons of the dorsal dentate gyrus and Ca v1.2 channels in extinction of cocaine conditioned place preference. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:1506-1517. [PMID: 31905369 PMCID: PMC7360569 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine-associated contextual cues can trigger relapse behavior by recruiting the hippocampus. Extinction of cocaine-associated contextual memories can reduce cocaine-seeking behavior, however the molecular mechanisms within the hippocampus that underlie contextual extinction behavior and subsequent reinstatement remain poorly understood. Here, we extend our previous findings for a role of Cav1.2 L-type Ca2+ channels in dopamine 1 receptor (D1R)-expressing cells in extinction of cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP) in adult male mice. We report that attenuated cocaine CPP extinction in mice lacking Cav1.2 channels in D1R-expressing cells (D1cre, Cav1.2fl/fl) can be rescued through chemogenetic activation of D1R-expressing cells within the dorsal dentate gyrus (dDG), but not the dorsal CA1 (dCA1). This is supported by the finding that Cav1.2 channels are required in excitatory cells of the dDG, but not in the dCA1, for cocaine CPP extinction. Examination of the role of S1928 phosphorylation of Cav1.2, a protein kinase A (PKA) site using S1928A Cav1.2 phosphomutant mice revealed no extinction deficit, likely due to homeostatic scaling up of extinction-dependent S845 GluA1 phosphorylation in the dDG. However, phosphomutant mice failed to show cocaine-primed reinstatement which can be reversed by chemogenetic manipulation of excitatory cells in the dDG during extinction training. These findings outline an essential role for the interaction between D1R, Cav1.2, and GluA1 signaling in the dDG for extinction of cocaine-associated contextual memories.
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12
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Indices of dentate gyrus neurogenesis are unaffected immediately after or following withdrawal from morphine self-administration compared to saline self-administering control male rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 381:112448. [PMID: 31870778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Opiates - including morphine - are powerful analgesics with high abuse potential. In rodents, chronic opiate exposure or self-administration negatively impacts hippocampal-dependent function, an effect perhaps due in part to the well-documented opiate-induced inhibition of dentate gyrus (DG) precursor proliferation and neurogenesis. Recently, however, intravenous (i.v.) morphine self-administration (MSA) was reported to enhance the survival of new rat DG neurons. To reconcile these disparate results, we used rat i.v. MSA to assess 1) whether a slightly-higher dose MSA paradigm also increases new DG neuron survival; 2) how MSA influences cells in different stages of DG neurogenesis, particularly maturation and survival; and 3) if MSA-induced changes in DG neurogenesis persist through a period of abstinence. To label basal levels of proliferation, rats received the S-phase marker bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU, i.p.) 24 -h prior to 21 days (D) of i.v. MSA or saline self-administration (SSA). Either immediately after SA (0-D) or after 4 weeks in the home cage (28-D withdrawal), stereology was used to quantify DG proliferating precursors (or cells in cell cycle; Ki67+ cells), neuroblast/immature neurons (DCX+ cells), and surviving DG granule cells (BrdU+ cells). Analysis revealed the number of DG cells immunopositive for these neurogenesis-relevant markers was similar between MSA and SSA rats at the 0-D or 28-D timepoints. These negative data highlight the impact experimental parameters, timepoint selection, and quantification approach have on neurogenesis results, and are discussed in the context of the large literature showing the negative impact of opiates on DG neurogenesis.
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13
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Christian KM, Ming GL, Song H. Adult neurogenesis and the dentate gyrus: Predicting function from form. Behav Brain Res 2019; 379:112346. [PMID: 31722241 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypotheses about the functional properties of the dentate gyrus and adult dentate neurogenesis have been shaped by early observations of the anatomy of this region, mostly in rodents. This has led to the development of a few core propositions that have guided research over the past several years, including the predicted role of this region in pattern separation and the local transformation of inputs from the entorhinal cortex. We now have the opportunity to review these predictions and update these anatomical observations based on recently developed techniques that reveal the complex structure, connectivity, and dynamic properties of distinct cell populations in the dentate gyrus at a higher resolution. Cumulative evidence suggests that the dentate gyrus and adult-born granule cells play a role in some forms of behavioral discriminations, but there are still many unanswered questions about how the dentate gyrus processes information to support the disambiguation of stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Christian
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Guo-Li Ming
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Institute for Epigenetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hongjun Song
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Institute for Epigenetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Castilla-Ortega E, Santín LJ. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis as a target for cocaine addiction: a review of recent developments. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2019; 50:109-116. [PMID: 31708413 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Basic research in rodents has shown that adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) plays a key role in neuropsychiatric disorders that compromise hippocampal functioning. The discovery that dependence-inducing drugs regulate AHN has led to escalating interest in the potential involvement of AHN in drug addiction over the last decade, with cocaine being one of the most frequently investigated drugs. This review argues that, unlike other drugs of abuse, preclinical studies do not, overall, support that cocaine induces a marked or persistent impairment in AHN. Nevertheless, experimental reduction of AHN consistently exacerbates vulnerability to cocaine. Interestingly, preliminary evidence suggests that, on the contrary, increasing AHN might help both to prevent and treat addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Castilla-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Spain.
| | - Luis J Santín
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Spain; Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Spain.
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