1
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Yuan H, Takahashi K, Hayashi S, Suzuki M, Fujikake N, Kasuya KI, Zhou J, Nakagawa S, Yoshie N, Li C, Yamaguchi K, Nozaki K. Synthesis of Novel Polymers with Biodegradability by Main-Chain Editing of Chiral Polyketones. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13658-13665. [PMID: 38710172 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Although the use of biodegradable plastics is suitable for unrecoverable, single-use plastic, their high production cost and much lower variety compared to commodity plastics limit their application. In this study, we developed a new polymer with potential biodegradability, poly(ketone/ester), synthesized from propylene and carbon monoxide. Propylene and carbon monoxide are easily available at low costs from fossil resources, and they can also be derived from biomass. Using an atom insertion reaction to the main chain of the polymer, the main-chain editing of the polymer molecule proceeded with up to 89% selectivity for atom insertion over main-chain cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Yuan
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kohei Takahashi
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayashi
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Miwa Suzuki
- Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Fujikake
- Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Kasuya
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
- Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
| | - Jian Zhou
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Shintaro Nakagawa
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Naoko Yoshie
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Chifeng Li
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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2
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Yin J, Choi S, Pyle D, Guest JR, Dong G. Backbone Engineering of Monodisperse Conjugated Polymers via Integrated Iterative Binomial Synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19120-19128. [PMID: 37603817 PMCID: PMC10472507 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of sequence-defined monodisperse π-conjugated polymers with versatile backbones remains a substantial challenge. Here we report the development of an integrated iterative binomial synthesis (IIBS) strategy to enable backbone engineering of conjugated polymers with precisely controlled lengths and sequences as well as high molecular weights. The IIBS strategy capitalizes on the use of phenol as a surrogate for aryl bromide and represents the merge between protecting-group-aided iterative synthesis (PAIS) and iterative binomial synthesis (IBS). Long and monodisperse conjugated polymers with diverse irregular backbones, which are inaccessible by conventional polymerizations, can be efficiently prepared by IIBS. In addition, topology-dependent and chain-length-dependent properties have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangliang Yin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Shinyoung Choi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Daniel Pyle
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Guest
- Center
for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National
Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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3
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Westlie AH, Quinn EC, Parker CR, Chen EYX. Synthetic biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs): Recent advances and future challenges. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Kim D, Lee JM, Song J, Lee SW, Lee HG, Kim KT. Synthesis of Enantiomeric ω-Substituted Hydroxy Acids from Terminal Epoxides and Alkenes: Functional Building Blocks for Discrete and Sequence-Defined Polyesters. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dogyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jeongeun Song
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seul Woo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hong Geun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyoung Taek Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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5
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Duan S, Yang X, Yang Z, Liu Y, Shi Q, Yang Z, Wu H, Han Y, Wang Y, Shen H, Huang Z, Dong XH, Zhang Z. A Versatile Synthetic Platform for Discrete Oligo- and Polyesters Based on Optimized Protective Groups Via Iterative Exponential Growth. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suhua Duan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Ze Yang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Qiunan Shi
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Zhilin Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Haibing Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Yue Han
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Yongquan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Hang Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Xue-Hui Dong
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nerantzaki
- Université de Strasbourg CNRS Institut Charles Sadron UPR22 23 rue du Loess Strasbourg Cedex 2 67034 France
| | - Jean‐François Lutz
- Université de Strasbourg CNRS Institut Charles Sadron UPR22 23 rue du Loess Strasbourg Cedex 2 67034 France
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7
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Genabeek B, Lamers BAG, Hawker CJ, Meijer EW, Gutekunst WR, Schmidt BVKJ. Properties and applications of precision oligomer materials; where organic and polymer chemistry join forces. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bas Genabeek
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Brigitte A. G. Lamers
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory University of California Santa Barbara California USA
- Materials Department University of California Santa Barbara California USA
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Will R. Gutekunst
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt
- Department of Colloid Chemistry Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Potsdam Germany
- School of Chemisty University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
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8
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Szczypiński FT, Hunter CA. Building blocks for recognition-encoded oligoesters that form H-bonded duplexes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2444-2451. [PMID: 30881672 PMCID: PMC6385898 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04896g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A long-short base-pairing scheme hinders intramolecular folding and allows the use of flexible backbones in duplex-forming oligomers.
Competition from intramolecular folding is a major challenge in the design of synthetic oligomers that form intermolecular duplexes in a sequence-selective manner. One strategy is to use very rigid backbones that prevent folding, but this design can prejudice duplex formation if the geometry is not exactly right. The alternative approach found in nucleic acids is to use bases (or recognition units) that have different dimensions. A long-short base-pairing scheme makes folding geometrically difficult and is compatible with the flexible backbones that are required to guarantee duplex formation. A monomer building block equipped with a long hydrogen bond donor (phenol, D) recognition unit and a monomer building block equipped with a short hydrogen bond acceptor (phosphine oxide, A) recognition unit were prepared with differentially protected alcohol and carboxylic acid groups. These compounds were used to synthesise the homo and hetero-sequence 2-mers AA, DD and AD. 19F and 31P NMR experiments were used to characterize the assembly properties of these compounds in toluene solution. AA and DD form a stable doubly-hydrogen-bonded duplex with an effective molarity of 20 mM for formation of the second intramolecular hydrogen bond. AD forms a duplex of similar stability. There is no evidence of intramolecular folding in the monomeric state of this compound, which shows that the long-short base-pairing scheme is effective. The ester coupling chemistry used here is an attractive method for the synthesis of long oligomers, and the properties of the 2-mers indicate that this molecular architecture should give longer mixed sequence oligomers that show high fidelity sequence-selective duplex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip T Szczypiński
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cambridge , Lensfield Road , Cambridge CB2 1EW , UK .
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9
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Szczypiński FT, Gabrielli L, Hunter CA. Emergent supramolecular assembly properties of a recognition-encoded oligoester. Chem Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01669d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An oligoester containing an alternating sequence of hydrogen bonding donor and acceptor side-chains forms a supramolecular architecture that resembles the kissing stem-loops motif found in folded RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Gabrielli
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge CB2 1EW
- UK
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10
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Debuissy T, Pollet E, Avérous L. Titanium-catalyzed transesterification as a route to the synthesis of fully biobased poly(3-hydroxybutyurate- co -butylene dicarboxylate) copolyesters, from their homopolyesters. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Debuissy T, Pollet E, Avérous L. Synthesis and characterization of block poly(ester-ether-urethane)s from bacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) oligomers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Debuissy
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg; 25 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg Cedex 2 Strasbourg 67087 France
| | - Eric Pollet
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg; 25 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg Cedex 2 Strasbourg 67087 France
| | - Luc Avérous
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg; 25 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg Cedex 2 Strasbourg 67087 France
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12
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Jiang Y, Golder MR, Nguyen HVT, Wang Y, Zhong M, Barnes JC, Ehrlich DJC, Johnson JA. Iterative Exponential Growth Synthesis and Assembly of Uniform Diblock Copolymers. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:9369-72. [PMID: 27406892 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the phase segregation of unimolecular block copolymers (BCPs) are limited by a lack of reliable, versatile methods for the synthesis of such polymers on the preparative scale. Herein, we describe an advancement of Iterative Exponential Growth (IEG) wherein chiral allyl-based IEG oligomers are subjected to thiol-ene reactions and converted into unimolecular BCPs. With this strategy we have synthesized uniform BCPs with molar masses up to 12.1 kDa on ∼1 g scale. BCPs composed of decane-based side chains and either triethyleneglycol- or thioglycerol-based side chains phase-segregate into hexagonal cylinder morphologies. The assembly is not driven by side-chain crystallization, but is instead the result of amorphous BCP assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yivan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Matthew R Golder
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hung V-T Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mingjiang Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jonathan C Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Deborah J C Ehrlich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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13
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van Genabeek B, de Waal BFM, Gosens MMJ, Pitet LM, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Discrete Dimethylsiloxane-Lactic Acid Diblock Co-oligomers: The Dononacontamer and Its Shorter Homologues. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4210-8. [PMID: 26999049 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Most of the theoretical and computational descriptions of the phase behavior of block copolymers describe the chain ensembles of perfect and uniform polymers. In contrast, experimental studies on block copolymers always employ materials with disperse molecular makeup. Although most polymers are so-called monodisperse, they still have a molecular weight dispersity. Here, we describe the synthesis and properties of a series of discrete length diblock co-oligomers, based on oligo-dimethylsiloxane (oDMS) and oligo-lactic acid (oLA), diblock co-oligomers with highly noncompatible blocks. By utilizing an iterative synthetic protocol, co-oligomers with molar masses up to 6901 Da, ultralow molar mass dispersities (Đ ≤ 1.00002), and unique control over the co-oligomer composition are synthesized and characterized. This specific block co-oligomer required the development of a new divergent strategy for the oDMS structures by which both bis- and monosubstituted oDMS derivatives up to 59 Si-atoms became available. The incompatibility of the two blocks makes the final coupling more demanding the longer the blocks become. These optimized synthetic procedures granted access to multigram quantities of most of the block co-oligomers, useful to study the lower limits of block copolymer phase segregation in detail. Cylindrical, gyroid, and lamellar nanostructures, as revealed by DSC, SAXS, and AFM, were generated. The small oligomeric size of the block co-oligomers resulted in exceptionally small feature sizes (down to 3.4 nm) and long-range organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas van Genabeek
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bas F M de Waal
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mark M J Gosens
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Louis M Pitet
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anja R A Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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14
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Barnes JC, Ehrlich DJC, Gao AX, Leibfarth FA, Jiang Y, Zhou E, Jamison TF, Johnson JA. Iterative exponential growth of stereo- and sequence-controlled polymers. Nat Chem 2015; 7:810-5. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Reusch RN. Physiological importance of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrates. Chem Biodivers 2013; 9:2343-66. [PMID: 23161623 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrates (PHB), linear polymers of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, are components of all biological cells in which short polymers (<200 monomer residues) are covalently attached to certain proteins and/or noncovalently associated with polyphosphates - inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), RNA, and DNA. The low concentrations, lack of unusual atoms or functional groups, and flexible backbones of this complexed PHB, referred to as cPHB, make them invisible to many analytical procedures; whereas other physical properties - water-insolubility, high intrinsic viscosity, temperature sensitivity, multiple bonding interactions with other molecules - make them requisite participants in vital physiological processes as well as contributors to the development of certain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosetta N Reusch
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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17
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Parenty A, Moreau X, Niel G, Campagne JM. Update 1 of: Macrolactonizations in the Total Synthesis of Natural Products. Chem Rev 2013; 113:PR1-40. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300129n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Parenty
- Institut de Chimie des Substances
Naturelles, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - X. Moreau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances
Naturelles, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR CNRS 8180, Université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 45 Avenue des Etats-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France
| | - Gilles Niel
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR5253, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, F-34296 Montpellier, France
| | - J.-M. Campagne
- Institut de Chimie des Substances
Naturelles, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, UMR5253, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, F-34296 Montpellier, France
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18
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Michalak M, Kawalec M, Kurcok P. Reactive mono- and di-epoxy-functionalized poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)s. Synthesis and characterization. Polym Degrad Stab 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Lüttenberg S, Sondermann F, Scherkenbeck J. Anthelmintic PF1022A: stepwise solid-phase synthesis of a cyclodepsipeptide containing N-methyl amino acids. Tetrahedron 2012; 68:2068-2073. [PMID: 32287426 PMCID: PMC7111844 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 12/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodepsipeptides of the enniation-, PF1022-, and verticilide-family represent a diverse class of highly interesting natural products with respect to their manifold biological activities. However, until now no stepwise solid-phase synthesis has been accomplished due to the difficult combination of N-methyl amino acids and hydroxycarboxylic acids. We report here the first stepwise solid-phase synthesis of the anthelmintic cyclooctadepsipeptide PF1022A based on an Fmoc/THP-ether protecting group strategy on Wang-resin. The standard conditions of our synthesis allow an unproblematic adaption to an automated peptide synthesizer.
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Key Words
- ACN, acetonitrile
- BOPCl, N,N′-bis(2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl)phosphinic chloride
- Boc, tert-butyloxycarbonyl
- DCM, dichloromethane
- DEAD, diethylazodicarboxylate
- DHP, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrane
- DIC, N,N′-diisopropylcarbodiimide
- DIEA, diisopropylethylamine
- DMAP, 4-dimethylaminopyridine
- DMF, dimethylformamide
- DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide
- EDCI, 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide methiodide
- Fmoc, 9-Fluorenyl-methoxycarbonyl
- HATU, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-O-(7-azabenzo-triazol-1-yl)uroniumhexa-fluorophosphate
- HOAt, 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole
- HOBt, 1-hydroxy-benzotriazole
- MeOH, methanol
- TEA, triethylamine
- TFA, trifluoro acetic acid
- THF, tetrahydrofuran
- THP, tetrahydropyranyl
- TPP, triphenylphosphane
- p-TsOH, para-toluenesulfonic acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Lüttenberg
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Fachgruppe Chemie, Gaußstraße 20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Frank Sondermann
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Fachgruppe Chemie, Gaußstraße 20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scherkenbeck
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Fachgruppe Chemie, Gaußstraße 20, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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21
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Binauld S, Damiron D, Connal LA, Hawker CJ, Drockenmuller E. Precise Synthesis of Molecularly Defined Oligomers and Polymers by Orthogonal Iterative Divergent/Convergent Approaches. Macromol Rapid Commun 2010; 32:147-68. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201000548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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22
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Ren Q, Ruth K, Thöny-Meyer L, Zinn M. Enatiomerically pure hydroxycarboxylic acids: current approaches and future perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 87:41-52. [PMID: 20393709 PMCID: PMC2872024 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The growing awareness of the importance of chirality in conjunction with biological activity has led to an increasing demand for efficient methods for the industrial synthesis of enantiomerically pure compounds. Polyhydroxyalkanotes (PHAs) are a family of polyesters consisting of over 140 chiral R-hydroxycarboxylic acids (R-HAs), representing a promising source for obtaining chiral chemicals from renewable carbon sources. Although some R-HAs have been produced for some time and certain knowledge of the production processes has been gained, large-scale production has not yet been possible. In this article, through analysis of the current advances in production of these acids, we present guidelines for future developments in biotechnological processes for R-HA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Ren
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research (Empa), Laboratory for Biomaterials, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
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Seebach D, Zass E, Schweizer WB, Thompson AJ, French A, Davis BG, Kyd G, Bruno IJ. Polymer backbone conformation--a challenging task for database information retrieval. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:9596-8. [PMID: 19890923 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200904422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Seebach D, Zass E, Schweizer W, Thompson AJ, French A, Davis B, Kyd G, Bruno I. Polymer-Rückgrat-Konformation - eine schwierige Aufgabe für Datenbank-Suchaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200904422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Franz N, Menin L, Klok HA. A Post-Modification Strategy for the Synthesis of Uniform, Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Patterned α-Hydroxy Acid Oligomers. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Androsch R. Melt-crystallization, glass transition and morphology of a (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate pentamer. Eur Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Grobelny Z, Stolarzewicz A, Morejko B, Pisarski W, Maercker A, Skibiński A, Krompiec S, Rzepa J. C−O and Not C−C Bond Cleavage Starts the Polymerization of β-Butyrolactone with Potassium Anions of Alkalide. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma052511h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adalbert Maercker
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Siegen, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Andrzej Skibiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
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Vergne MJ, Li H, Murgasova R, Hercules DM. Synthesis and Mass Spectral Characterization of Poly(amic methyl ester) Oligomers. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0521295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Vergne
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Renata Murgasova
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - David M. Hercules
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
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Parenty A, Moreau X, Campagne JM. Macrolactonizations in the total synthesis of natural products. Chem Rev 2006; 106:911-39. [PMID: 16522013 DOI: 10.1021/cr0301402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Parenty
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
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31
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Enantioselective synthesis of either enantiomer of α-alkyl-α-hydroxy-α-phenylacetic acids using chiral auxiliaries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2005.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Li J, Organ S, Terry A, Hobbs J, Barham P. Crystallization of hydroxybutyrate oligomers. Part 3. Unfolding transitions followed in real time using SAXS and WAXS. POLYMER 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Organ S, Li J, Terry A, Hobbs J, Barham P. Crystallization of hydroxybutyrate oligomers. Part 2. Growth and thickening of solution grown crystals observed in situ using synchrotron radiation. POLYMER 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Seebach D, Overhand M, Kühnle FNM, Martinoni B, Oberer L, Hommel U, Widmer H. β-Peptides: Synthesis by Arndt-Eistert homologation with concomitant peptide coupling. Structure determination by NMR and CD spectroscopy and by X-ray crystallography. Helical secondary structure of a β-hexapeptide in solution and its stability towards pe. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19960790402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 608] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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36
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Rueping M, Albert M, Seebach D. On the Structure of PHB (=Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutanoic Acid]) in Phospholipid Bilayers: Preparation of Trifluoromethyl-Labeled Oligo[(R)-3-hydroxybutanoic Acid] Derivatives. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200490222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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37
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Seebach D, Kimmerlin T, Šebesta R, Campo MA, Beck AK. How we drifted into peptide chemistry and where we have arrived at. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Das S, Seebach D, Reusch RN. Differential effects of temperature on E. coli and synthetic polyhydroxybutyrate/polyphosphate channels. Biochemistry 2002; 41:5307-12. [PMID: 11955081 DOI: 10.1021/bi025520g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Complexes of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate and inorganic polyphosphate (PHB/polyP), isolated from the plasma membranes of Escherichia coli or prepared synthetically (HB(128)/polyP(65)), form Ca(2+)-selective ion channels in planar lipid bilayers that exhibit indistinguishable gating and conductance characteristics at 22 degrees C. Here we examine the gating and conductance of E. coli and synthetic PHB/polyP complexes in planar lipid bilayers as a function of temperature from 15 to 45 degrees C. E. coli PHB/polyP channels remained effectively open throughout this range, with brief closures that became more rare at higher temperatures. Conversely, as temperatures were gradually increased, the open probability of HB(128)/polyP(65) channels progressively decreased. The effect was fully reversible. Channel conductance exhibited three distinct phases. Below 25 degrees C, as PHB approached its glass temperature (ca. 10 degrees C), the conductance of both E. coli and synthetic channels remained at about the same level (95-105 pS). Between 25 degrees C and ca. 40 degrees C, the conductance of E. coli and synthetic channels increased gradually with temperature coefficients (Q(10)) of 1.45 and 1.42, respectively. Above 40 degrees C, E. coli channel conductance increased sharply, whereas the conductance of HB(128)/polyP(65) channels leveled off. The discontinuities in the temperature curves for E. coli channels coincide with discontinuities in thermotropic fluorescence spectra and specific growth rates of E. coli cells. It is postulated that E. coli PHB/polyP complexes are associated with membrane components that inhibit their closure at elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Das
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, Giltner Hall, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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39
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Albert M, Seebach D, Duchardt E, Schwalbe H. Synthesis and NMR Analysis in Solution of Oligo(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) Derivatives with the Side Chains of Alanine, Valine, and Leucine (β-Depsides): Coming Full Circle from PHB toβ-Peptides to PHB. Helv Chim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1522-2675(200202)85:2<633::aid-hlca633>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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40
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Rueping M, Dietrich A, Buschmann V, Fritz MG, Sauer M, Seebach D. On the Structure of Poly(3-hydroxybutanoic acid) in Solution and in Phospholipid Bilayers. Circular Dichroism and Fluorescence Spectroscopy with Oligo(3-hydroxybutanoic acid) Derivatives. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma010520u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Babel W, Ackermann JU, Breuer U. Physiology, regulation, and limits of the synthesis of poly(3HB). ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2001; 71:125-57. [PMID: 11217410 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-40021-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) combined with the fact that it can be produced easily by numerous prokaryotes from renewable resources and even from potentially toxic waste products using well-known fermentation processes have generated keen interest in this biopolyester as a substitute for chemo-synthetic petroleum-derived polymers in many applications. However, the high price of poly(3HB) compared with the conventional synthetic materials currently in use has restricted its availability in a wide range of applications. If the economic viability of poly(3HB) production and its competitiveness are to be improved, more must be found out about the phenotypic optimization and the upper limits of bacterial systems as the factory of poly(3HB). In this chapter, two aspects of poly(3HB) are reviewed--poly(3HB) formation as a physiological response to external limitations and overcoming internal bottlenecks, and poly(3HB) as a commercially attractive polyester. From a physiological viewpoint, the ability to synthesize and degrade poly(3HB) is considered an investment in the future and provides organisms with a selective advantage. Poly(3HB) is presented as a strategic survival polymer, and it is shown that growth-associated synthesis is not as rare as reported. The influence of the efficiency and velocity of cell multiplication and product formation, of poly(3HB) content and of productivity on the overall yield, and finally on the economics of the whole process are discussed and evaluated from the technological or consumer's point of view. The specific production rate and poly(3HB) content appear to be more important than the yield coefficients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Babel
- UFZ Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle, Sektion Umweltmikrobiologie, Permoserstrasse 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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42
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Brümmer O, Clapham B, Janda KD. Solid-phase synthesis of oligoesters using a J anda J el™ resin. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)00172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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43
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Krell C, Seebach D. Preparation of Free and of Specifically Protected Oligo[β-Malic Acids] for Enzymatic Degradation Studies. European J Org Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200004)2000:7<1207::aid-ejoc1207>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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44
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Das S, Kurcok P, Jedlinski Z, Reusch RN. Ion Channels Formed by Biomimetic Oligo-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrates and Inorganic Polyphosphates in Planar Lipid Bilayers. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma991105t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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45
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Kuisle O, Quiñoá E, Riguera R. A General Methodology for Automated Solid-Phase Synthesis of Depsides and Depsipeptides. Preparation of a Valinomycin Analogue. J Org Chem 1999; 64:8063-8075. [PMID: 11674717 DOI: 10.1021/jo981580+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A general methodology is described that allows the solid-phase synthesis of depsides and depsipeptides from chiral alpha-hydroxy- and alpha-amino acids. The results of studies with different protecting groups for the alpha-hydroxy acids and coupling systems for depside bond formation are presented. The oligomers were prepared using a Wang-type linker with final TFA/CH(2)Cl(2) cleavage. Depside linkage of the THP-protected acids (THP = tetrahydropyranyl) to the resin-bound chains was achieved with DIC/DMAP (DIC = diisopropylcarbodiimide, DMAP = 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine) and monitored by a color test with 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine. THP deprotection was achieved with p-TsOH in CH(2)Cl(2)/MeOH and was monitored by GC. Following the established procedure, depsides made up from the same enantiomer (i.e., H-[L-Man](8)-OH, 25), by both enantiomers (i.e., H-[D-Man-L-Man](4)-OH, 26), or by different hydroxy acids in the same chain (i.e., H-[L-Lac-L-Hiv](3)-OH, 27) were prepared with an average yield of 95-97% per cycle. The linear precursor of the valinomycin analogue 30 ([L-Val-D-Man-D-Val-L-Lac](3)) was entirely synthesized on resin and cyclized in solution. Cyclization of the open-chain depsides is the final step in the preparation of a new class of chiral alpha-hydroxyester macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Kuisle
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, and Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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46
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Reusch RN. Polyphosphate/poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate) ion channels in cell membranes. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 1999; 23:151-82. [PMID: 10448676 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-58444-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R N Reusch
- Department of Microbiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA
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47
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Poenaru S, Lamas JR, Folkers G, López de Castro JA, Seebach D, Rognan D. Nonapeptide analogues containing (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate and beta-homoalanine oligomers: synthesis and binding affinity to a class I major histocompatibility complex protein. J Med Chem 1999; 42:2318-31. [PMID: 10395472 DOI: 10.1021/jm981123l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Crystal structures of antigenic peptides bound to class I MHC proteins suggest that chemical modifications of the central part of the bound peptide should not alter binding affinity to the MHC restriction protein but could perturb the T-cell response to the parent epitope. In our effort in designing nonpeptidic high-affinity ligands for class I MHC proteins, oligomers of (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate and(or) beta-homoalanine have been substituted for the central part of a HLA-B27-restricted T-cell epitope of viral origin. The affinity of six modified peptides to the B2705 allele was determined by an in vitro stabilization assay. Four out of the six designed analogues presented an affinity similar to that of the parent peptide. Two compounds, sharing the same stereochemistry (R,R,S,S) at the four stereogenic centers of the nonpeptidic spacer, bound to B2705 with a 5-6-fold decreased affinity. Although the chiral spacers do not strongly interact with the protein active site, there are configurations which are not accepted by the MHC binding groove, probably because of improper orientation of some lateral substituents in the bound state and different conformational behavior in the free state. However we demonstrate that beta-amino acids can be incorporated in the sequence of viral T-cell epitopes without impairing MHC binding. The presented structure-activity relationships open the door to the rational design of peptide-based vaccines and of nonnatural T-cell receptor antagonists aimed at blocking peptide-specific T-cell responses in MHC-associated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Poenaru
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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48
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Jedliński Z, Kowalczuk M, Adamus G, Sikorska W, Rydz J. Novel synthesis of functionalized poly(3-hydroxybutanoic acid) and its copolymers. Int J Biol Macromol 1999; 25:247-53. [PMID: 10416672 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-8130(99)00039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Novel feasibility of fuctionalized poly(3-hydroxybutanoic acid), PHB, and its copolymers synthesis via ring-opening of beta-butyrolactone (ROP) mediated by activated anionic initiators or enzymes in vitro is presented. Using these new synthetic approaches, PHB with defined chemical structure of the end groups as well as block, graft and random copolymers have been obtained and characterized by IR, NMR, ESI-MS and GPC techniques. The relationship between the structure and properties of the novel polymeric materials prepared is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Jedliński
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre for Polymer Chemistry, Zabrze
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49
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Seebach D, Fritz MG. Detection, synthesis, structure, and function of oligo(3-hydroxyalkanoates): contributions by synthetic organic chemists. Int J Biol Macromol 1999; 25:217-36. [PMID: 10416670 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-8130(99)00037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two types of the biological macromolecules poly(R-3-hydroxyalkanoates) have been identified: the high-molecular-weight microbial storage material (sPHA) and a short-chain variety, consisting of butyrate and valerate residues, complexed with other biomacromolecules such as calcium polyphosphate or proteins (cPHB/PHV). While sPHA has attracted, and still enjoys, a lot of attention from numerous scientists around the world, research on cPHB and the structurally and functionally related polymalate (PMA) is still in its infancy. In this article, we present a review on the chemical synthesis, structure, function and interactions of monodisperse cPHAs, the oligo(3-hydroxyalkanoates), with emphasis on the butyrates (OHB); we report hitherto unpublished results on the enzymatic degradation of cPHB and PMA, on a new analytical method for HB/HV detection in biological samples, and on OHB-mediated Ca2+ transport through phospholipid bilayers of artificial vesicles; finally, we discuss possible mechanisms of ion transport through cell membranes, as caused by cPHB. The speculative--and provocative--question is asked whether the structurally simple PHAs may have evolved as storage materials and amphiphilic macromolecules before poly-peptides, -saccharides, and -nucleic acids, in the history of life, or under prebiotic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Seebach
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie der Eidgenossischen Technischen Hochschule Zürich, ETH-Zentrum, Switzerland.
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50
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