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Dubot P, Sabourdy F, Levade T. Human genetic defects of sphingolipid synthesis. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024. [PMID: 38706107 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are ubiquitous lipids, present in the membranes of all cell types, the stratum corneum and the circulating lipoproteins. Autosomal recessive as well as dominant diseases due to disturbed sphingolipid biosynthesis have been identified, including defects in the synthesis of ceramides, sphingomyelins and glycosphingolipids. In many instances, these gene variants result in the loss of catalytic function of the mutated enzymes. Additional gene defects implicate the subcellular localization of the sphingolipid-synthesizing enzyme, the regulation of its activity, or even the function of a sphingolipid-transporter protein. The resulting metabolic alterations lead to two major, non-exclusive types of clinical manifestations: a neurological disease, more or less rapidly progressive, associated or not with intellectual disability, and an ichthyotic-type skin disorder. These phenotypes highlight the critical importance of sphingolipids in brain and skin development and homeostasis. The present article reviews the clinical symptoms, genetic and biochemical alterations, pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic options of this relatively novel group of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Dubot
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INSERM 1037, CNRS 5071, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
- Centre de Recherches, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Frédérique Sabourdy
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INSERM 1037, CNRS 5071, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- Unité Mixte de Recherche INSERM 1037, CNRS 5071, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France
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Liu J, Guo K, Zhang R, Wang R, Ma D, Zhang X. Compound heterozygous ABCA12 variants identified in a Chinese patient with congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma: Advancing genotype-phenotype correlations and literature review. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2431. [PMID: 38702946 PMCID: PMC11069050 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ichthyosis is a common keratotic skin disease with high clinical, etiological and genetic heterogeneity. There are four types of non-syndromic hereditary ichthyoses, among which autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a heterogeneous group of recessive Mendelian disorders. ARCI present with different phenotypes and ABCA12 pathogenic variants have been shown to cause complex ARCI phenotypes, including harlequin ichthyosis (HI), lamellar ichthyosis (LI) and congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE). METHODS A sporadic male patient, clinically diagnosed with CIE, was enrolled in this study. Exome sequencing was combined with Sanger sequencing to confirm the diagnosis and identify the pathogenic variants. In silico predictions were made using multiple software programs, and the identified variants were interpreted using the ACMG guidelines. A review of all literature reported ABCA12 variants was performed to explore genotype-phenotype correlations. RESULTS Compound heterozygous ABCA12 variants [c.5381+1G>A and c.5485G>C (p.Asp1829His)] (NM_173076) were identified. The two variants were not detected in the public database. c.5381+1G>A is predicted to affect ABCA12 mRNA splicing and Asp1829 is highly conserved among various species. In silico analysis suggested that these two variants were responsible for the phenotype of the patient. Genotype-phenotype correlation analysis showed that biallelic truncation variants and/or exon/amino acid deletions in ABCA12 are the most common causes of HI. Biallelic missense variants are most common in LI and CIE. CONCLUSIONS The compound heterozygous ABCA12 variants caused the CIE phenotype observed in the patient. The spectrum of ABCA12 pathogenic variants were broaden. Genotype-phenotype correlation analysis provided detailed evidence which can be used in future prenatal diagnosis and can inform the need for genetic counselling for patients with ABCA12-related ARCIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Wei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Kexin Guo
- McKusick‐Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Prenatal DiagnosisWomen's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare HospitalNanjingChina
| | - Rui Zhang
- McKusick‐Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Rongrong Wang
- McKusick‐Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Dong‐Lai Ma
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic DiseasesBeijingChina
| | - Xue Zhang
- McKusick‐Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Diociaiuti A, Corbeddu M, Rossi S, Pisaneschi E, Cesario C, Condorelli AG, Samela T, Giancristoforo S, Angioni A, Zambruno G, Novelli A, Alaggio R, Abeni D, El Hachem M. Cross-Sectional Study on Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyoses: Association of Genotype with Disease Severity, Phenotypic, and Ultrastructural Features in 74 Italian Patients. Dermatology 2024; 240:397-413. [PMID: 38588653 PMCID: PMC11168449 DOI: 10.1159/000536366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses (ARCIs) are a clinically heterogeneous group of keratinization disorders characterized by generalized skin scaling due to mutations in at least 12 genes. The aim of our study was to assess disease severity, phenotypic, and ultrastructural features and to evaluate their association with genetic findings in ARCI patients. METHODS Clinical signs and symptoms, and disease severity were scored in a single-center series of patients with a genetic diagnosis of ARCI. Skin ultrastructural findings were reviewed. RESULTS Seventy-four consecutive patients (mean age 11.0 years, range 0.1-48.8) affected with lamellar ichthyosis (50/74, 67.5%), congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (18/74, 24.3%), harlequin ichthyosis (two/74, 2.7%), and other minor ARCI subtypes (four/74, 5.4%) were enrolled. Mutated genes were as follows: TGM1 in 18/74 (24.3%) patients, ALOX12B in 18/74 (24.3%), CYP4F22 in 12/74 (16.2%), ABCA12 in nine/74 (12.2%), ALOXE3 in seven/74 (9.5%), NIPAL4 in seven/74 (9.5%), and CERS3, PNPLA1, and SDR9C7 in 1 patient each (1.4%). Twenty-five previously undescribed mutations in the different ARCI causative genes, as well as two microduplications in TGM1, and two microdeletions in CYP4F22 and NIPAL4 were identified. The mean ichthyosis severity score in TGM1- and ABCA12-mutated patients was significantly higher than in all other mutated genes, while the lowest score was observed in CYP4F22-mutated patients. Alopecia, ectropion, and eclabium were significantly associated with TGM1 and ABCA12 mutations, and large, thick, and brownish scales with TGM1 mutations. Among specific phenotypic features, psoriasis-like lesions as well as a trunk reticulate scale pattern and striated keratoderma were present in NIPAL4-mutated patients. Ultrastructural data available for 56 patients showed a 100% specificity of cholesterol clefts for TGM1-mutated cases and revealed abnormal lamellar bodies in SDR9C7 and CERS3 patients. CONCLUSION Our study expands the phenotypic and genetic characterization of ARCI by the description of statistically significant associations between disease severity, specific clinical signs, and different mutated genes. Finally, we highlighted the presence of psoriasis-like lesions in NIPAL4-ARCI patients as a novel phenotypic feature with diagnostic and possible therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Diociaiuti
- Dermatology Unit and Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Corbeddu
- Dermatology Unit and Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Dermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sabrina Rossi
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Pisaneschi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Cesario
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Giuseppe Condorelli
- Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Tonia Samela
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Giancristoforo
- Dermatology Unit and Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriano Angioni
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zambruno
- Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Alaggio
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - May El Hachem
- Dermatology Unit and Genodermatosis Unit, Translational Paediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Bahashwan E, Alfaifi J, Mohamed Moursi SE, Soliman YE. Retinoid Therapy in a Case of Harlequin Ichthyosis with a Short Literature Review. Case Rep Dermatol Med 2024; 2024:8729318. [PMID: 38250222 PMCID: PMC10798836 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8729318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a genetically inherited epidermal disorder due to the mutation of the ABCA12 gene, which is responsible for lipid transportation, and presents with large keratinised scales characterised by deep erythematous fissures, with ectropion and eclabium. A moderate number of cases and a high mortality rate have been recorded. In this case report, a pregnant lady gave birth to a 33-week-old premature foetus with characteristic symptoms of HI. After admitting him to the NICU, a multidisciplinary treatment approach was conducted with paediatric dermatologists, ophthalmologists, urologists, and dieticians. The prognosis is positive, with desquamation of the hyperkeratotic plate revealing an erythematous and shiny skin. A short literature review on HI characteristics, diagnostic aids, and management has also been added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Bahashwan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaber Alfaifi
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
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Niu X, Li X, Han Q, Hou R, Zhang K. Long-term survival of harlequin ichthyosis in two siblings with novel ABCA12 mutations. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:e639-e641. [PMID: 37602715 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuping Niu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinhua Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qixin Han
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruixia Hou
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Kaiming Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan Central Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Caffarelli C, Santamaria F, Piro E, Basilicata S, D'Antonio L, Tchana B, Bernasconi S, Corsello G. Advances for pediatricians in 2022: allergy, anesthesiology, cardiology, dermatology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, genetics, global health, infectious diseases, metabolism, neonatology, neurology, oncology, pulmonology. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:115. [PMID: 37679850 PMCID: PMC10485969 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The last year saw intensive efforts to advance knowledge in pediatric medicine. This review highlights important publications that have been issued in the Italian Journal of Pediatrics in 2022. We have chosen papers in the fields of allergy, anesthesiology, cardiology, dermatology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, genetics, global health, infectious diseases, metabolism, neonatology, neurology, oncology, pulmonology. Novel valuable developments in epidemiology, pathophysiology, prevention, diagnosis and treatment that can rapidly change the approach to diseases in childhood have been included and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Caffarelli
- Clinica Pediatrica, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera- Universitaria, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Francesca Santamaria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Piro
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Basilicata
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo D'Antonio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Bertrand Tchana
- Cardiologia Pediatrica, Azienda-Ospedaliero Universitaria, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Corsello
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Ferreira CS, Francisco Junior RDS, Gerber AL, Guimarães APDC, de Carvalho FAA, Dos Reis BCS, Pinto-Mariz F, de Souza MS, de Vasconcelos ZFM, Goudouris ES, Vasconcelos ATR. Genetic screening in a Brazilian cohort with inborn errors of immunity. BMC Genom Data 2023; 24:47. [PMID: 37592284 PMCID: PMC10433585 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-023-01148-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherited genetic defects in immune system-related genes can result in Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI), also known as Primary Immunodeficiencies (PID). Diagnosis of IEI disorders is challenging due to overlapping clinical manifestations. Accurate identification of disease-causing germline variants is crucial for appropriate treatment, prognosis, and genetic counseling. However, genetic sequencing is challenging in low-income countries like Brazil. This study aimed to perform genetic screening on patients treated within Brazil's public Unified Health System to identify candidate genetic variants associated with the patient's phenotype. METHODS Thirteen singleton unrelated patients from three hospitals in Rio de Janeiro were enrolled in this study. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of each patient, and whole exome sequencing (WES) analyses were conducted using Illumina NextSeq. Germline genetic variants in IEI-related genes were prioritized using a computational framework considering their molecular consequence in coding regions; minor allele frequency ≤ 0.01; pathogenicity classification based on American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines gathered from the VarSome clinical database; and IEI-related phenotype using the Franklin tool. The genes classification into IEI categories follows internationally recognized guidelines informed by the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee. Additional methods for confirmation of the variant included Sanger sequencing, phasing analysis, and splice site prediction. RESULTS A total of 16 disease-causing variants in nine genes, encompassing six different IEI categories, were identified. X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia, caused by BTK variations, emerged as the most prevalent IEI disorder in the cohort. However, pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants were also reported in other known IEI-related genes, namely CD40LG, CARD11, WAS, CYBB, C6, and LRBA. Interestingly, two patients with suspected IEI exhibited pathogenic variants in non-IEI-related genes, ABCA12 and SLC25A13, potentially explaining their phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Genetic screening through WES enabled the detection of potentially harmful variants associated with IEI disorders. These findings contribute to a better understanding of patients' clinical manifestations by elucidating the genetic basis underlying their phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Santos Ferreira
- Bioinformatics Laboratory-LABINFO, National Laboratory of Scientific Computation LNCC/MCTIC, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 333, Quitandinha CEP: 25651-075, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo da Silva Francisco Junior
- Bioinformatics Laboratory-LABINFO, National Laboratory of Scientific Computation LNCC/MCTIC, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 333, Quitandinha CEP: 25651-075, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Lehmkuhl Gerber
- Bioinformatics Laboratory-LABINFO, National Laboratory of Scientific Computation LNCC/MCTIC, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 333, Quitandinha CEP: 25651-075, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Campos Guimarães
- Bioinformatics Laboratory-LABINFO, National Laboratory of Scientific Computation LNCC/MCTIC, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 333, Quitandinha CEP: 25651-075, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flavia Amendola Anisio de Carvalho
- Allergy and Immunology Service of Institute of Women, Children and Adolescents' Health Fernandes Figueira (IFF/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Carvalho Santos Dos Reis
- Allergy and Immunology Service of Institute of Women, Children and Adolescents' Health Fernandes Figueira (IFF/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Pinto-Mariz
- Allergy and Immunology Service of the Martagão Gesteira Institute for Childcare and Pediatrics (IPPMG) - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Monica Soares de Souza
- Allergy and Immunology Sector of the Pediatric Service of the Federal Hospital of Rio de Janeiro State (HFSE) - Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Zilton Farias Meira de Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of High Complexity of the Institute of Women, Children and Adolescents' Health Fernandes Figueira (IFF/FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ekaterini Simões Goudouris
- Allergy and Immunology Service of the Martagão Gesteira Institute for Childcare and Pediatrics (IPPMG) - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Tereza Ribeiro Vasconcelos
- Bioinformatics Laboratory-LABINFO, National Laboratory of Scientific Computation LNCC/MCTIC, Av. Getúlio Vargas, 333, Quitandinha CEP: 25651-075, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Hotz A, Kopp J, Bourrat E, Oji V, Süßmuth K, Komlosi K, Bouadjar B, Tantcheva-Poór I, Hellström Pigg M, Betz RC, Giehl K, Schedel F, Weibel L, Schulz S, Stölzl DV, Tadini G, Demiral E, Berggard K, Zimmer AD, Alter S, Fischer J. Mutational Spectrum of the ABCA12 Gene and Genotype–Phenotype Correlation in a Cohort of 64 Patients with Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyosis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030717. [PMID: 36980989 PMCID: PMC10048568 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a non-syndromic congenital disorder of cornification characterized by abnormal scaling of the skin. The three major phenotypes are lamellar ichthyosis, congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, and harlequin ichthyosis. ARCI is caused by biallelic mutations in ABCA12, ALOX12B, ALOXE3, CERS3, CYP4F22, NIPAL4, PNPLA1, SDR9C7, SULT2B1, and TGM1. The most severe form of ARCI, harlequin ichthyosis, is caused by mutations in ABCA12. Mutations in this gene can also lead to congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma or lamellar ichthyosis. We present a large cohort of 64 patients affected with ARCI carrying biallelic mutations in ABCA12. Our study comprises 34 novel mutations in ABCA12, expanding the mutational spectrum of ABCA12-associated ARCI up to 217 mutations. Within these we found the possible mutational hotspots c.4541G>A, p.(Arg1514His) and c.4139A>G, p.(Asn1380Ser). A correlation of the phenotype with the effect of the genetic mutation on protein function is demonstrated. Loss-of-function mutations on both alleles generally result in harlequin ichthyosis, whereas biallelic missense mutations mainly lead to CIE or LI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alrun Hotz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Cornification Disorders, Freiburg Center for Rare Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Julia Kopp
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Emmanuelle Bourrat
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Rare Skin Diseases MAGEC, Saint Louis Hospital AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Vinzenz Oji
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Muenster University Medical Center, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Kira Süßmuth
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Muenster University Medical Center, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Katalin Komlosi
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Cornification Disorders, Freiburg Center for Rare Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Bakar Bouadjar
- Department of Dermatology, CHU of Bab-El-Oued Algiers, Algiers 16008, Algeria
| | - Iliana Tantcheva-Poór
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Regina C. Betz
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Medical Faculty & University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kathrin Giehl
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology und Allergology, University Hospital of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Fiona Schedel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Muenster University Medical Center, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Lisa Weibel
- Pediatric Skin Center, Dermatology Department, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Solveig Schulz
- Synlab Medical Practice for Human Genetics Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Dora V. Stölzl
- Center for Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Gianluca Tadini
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France
- Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Emine Demiral
- Department of Medical Genetics, Inonu University School of Medicine, 44280 Malatya, Turkey
| | - Karin Berggard
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas D. Zimmer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Svenja Alter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Cornification Disorders, Freiburg Center for Rare Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France
| | - Judith Fischer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Cornification Disorders, Freiburg Center for Rare Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- European Reference Networks (ERN Skin), 75015 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)761-270-70510; Fax: +49-(0)761-270-70410
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9
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Salik D, Richert B, Smits G. Clinical and molecular diagnosis of genodermatoses: Review and perspectives. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:488-500. [PMID: 36502512 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Genodermatoses are a complex and heterogeneous group of genetic skin disorders characterized by variable expression and clinical and genetic heterogeneity, rendering their diagnosis challenging. DNA-based techniques, like whole-exome sequencing, can establish a diagnosis in 50% of cases. RNA-sequencing is emerging as an attractive tool that can obtain information regarding gene expression while integrating functional genomic data with regard to the interpretation of variants. This increases the diagnostic rate by an additional 10-15%. In the present review, we detail the clinical steps involved in the diagnosis of genodermatoses, as well as the current DNA-based technologies available to clinicians. Herein, the intention is to facilitate a better understanding of the possibilities and limitations of these diagnostic technologies. In addition, this review could guide dermatologists through new emerging techniques, such as RNA-sequencing and its applications to familiarizing them with future techniques. Currently, this multi-omics approach is likely the best strategy designed to promote the diagnosis of patients with genodermatoses and discover new skin disease genes that could result in novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Salik
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Saint-Pierre, CHU Brugmann and Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bertrand Richert
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Saint-Pierre, CHU Brugmann and Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Smits
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Gutiérrez-Cerrajero C, Sprecher E, Paller AS, Akiyama M, Mazereeuw-Hautier J, Hernández-Martín A, González-Sarmiento R. Ichthyosis. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:2. [PMID: 36658199 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-022-00412-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The ichthyoses are a large, heterogeneous group of skin cornification disorders. They can be inherited or acquired, and result in defective keratinocyte differentiation and abnormal epidermal barrier formation. The resultant skin barrier dysfunction leads to increased transepidermal water loss and inflammation. Disordered cornification is clinically characterized by skin scaling with various degrees of thickening, desquamation (peeling) and erythema (redness). Regardless of the type of ichthyosis, many patients suffer from itching, recurrent infections, sweating impairment (hypohidrosis) with heat intolerance, and diverse ocular, hearing and nutritional complications that should be monitored periodically. The characteristic clinical features are considered to be a homeostatic attempt to repair the skin barrier, but heterogeneous clinical presentation and imperfect phenotype-genotype correlation hinder diagnosis. An accurate molecular diagnosis is, however, crucial for predicting prognosis and providing appropriate genetic counselling. Most ichthyoses severely affect patient quality of life and, in severe forms, may cause considerable disability and even death. So far, treatment provides only symptomatic relief. It is lifelong, expensive, time-consuming, and often provides disappointing results. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie these conditions is essential for designing pathogenesis-driven and patient-tailored innovative therapeutic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gutiérrez-Cerrajero
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amy S Paller
- Departments of Dermatology and Paediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | | | | | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
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11
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Supsrisunjai C, Bunnag T, Chaowalit P, Boonpuen N, Kootiratrakarn T, Wessagowit V. Clinical and molecular characteristics of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in Thailand. Pediatr Dermatol 2023; 40:107-112. [PMID: 36262015 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a heterogenous group of rare keratinization disorders. To date, more than 13 causative genes have been identified. However, data on clinical and molecular characteristics including genotype-phenotype correlation are lacking in Thailand. OBJECTIVE We collected cases diagnosed with non-syndromic ARCI and syndromic recessive congenital ichthyosis at the Institute of Dermatology from 2011 to 2021 and performed genetic testing with next-generation sequencing and assessed clinical details. METHODS Baseline demographic data, birth history, family history, skin manifestations at birth, current cutaneous manifestations, comorbidities, and response to treatments were assessed. DNA was screened for mutations using targeted gene sequencing of 45 genes related to congenital ichthyosis. RESULTS A total of 33 patients were analyzed with an average age of 23.8 ± 13.9 years. Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE) was most common (60.6%), followed by lamellar ichthyosis (18.2%), self-improving congenital ichthyosis (6.1%), Netherton syndrome (6.1%), ichthyosis prematurity syndrome (3%), Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (3%) and bathing suit ichthyosis (3%). Eight genes were found with pathogenic variants in our cohort as follows: ABCA12 42.4% (14/33), NIPAL4 24.2% (8/33), TGM1 15.2% (5/33), SPINK5 6.1% (2/33), ALDH3A2 3% (1/33), SLC27A4 3% (1/33), CYP4F22 3% (1/33), and ST14 3% (1/33). Clinically, 79% of patients with ABCA12 pathogenic variants in this study had CIE, 79% of w had novel biallelic pathogenic compound heterozygous variants, whereas 21% had homozygous missense variants. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to describe clinical and molecular findings of ARCI in a cohort from Thailand. Our findings demonstrate the clinical spectrum of the diseases and expand the molecular findings in a Southeast Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chavalit Supsrisunjai
- Institute of Dermatology, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thareena Bunnag
- Institute of Dermatology, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapaipit Chaowalit
- Institute of Dermatology, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Niorn Boonpuen
- Institute of Dermatology, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanawatt Kootiratrakarn
- Institute of Dermatology, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vesarat Wessagowit
- Institute of Dermatology, Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
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12
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Tran VK, Diep QM, Zilong Q, Phuong LT, Tran HA, Van Tung N, Lien NTK, Xuan NT, Ha LT, Van Ta T, Tran TH, Hoang NH. Case Report: Novel rare mutation c.6353C > G in the ABCA12 gene causing harlequin ichthyosis identified by whole exome sequencing. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1128716. [PMID: 36873642 PMCID: PMC9977293 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1128716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a severe rare genetic disease that mainly affects the skin. Neonates with this disease are born with thick skin and large diamond-shaped plates covering most of their bodies. Affected neonates lose the ability to control dehydration and regulate temperature and are more susceptible to infections. They also face respiratory failure and feeding problems. These clinical symptoms are factors associated with high mortality rates of neonates with HI. Until now, there are still no effective treatments for HI patients and most patients die in the newborn period. Mutation in the ABCA12 gene, which encodes an adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, has been demonstrated as the major cause of HI. CASE PRESENTATION In this study, we report the case who is one infant that was born prematurely at 32 gestational weeks with the whole body covered with thick plate-like scales of skin. The infant was severely infected with mild edema, multiple cracked skins full of the body, yellow discharge, and necrosis of fingers and toes. The infant was suspected to be affected by HI. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed as a tool for detecting the novel mutation in one prematurely born Vietnam infant with HI phenotype. And after that, the mutation was confirmed by the Sanger sequencing method in the patient and the members of his family. In this case, one novel mutation c.6353C > G (p.S2118X, Hom) in the ABCA12 gene, was detected in the patient. The mutation has not been reported in any HI patients previously. This mutation was also found in a heterozygous state in the members of the patient's family, including his parents, an older brother, and an older sister who are no symptoms. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified a novel mutation in a Vietnamese patient with HI by whole exome sequencing. The results for the patient and the members of his family will be helpful in understanding the etiology of the disease, diagnosing carriers, assisting in genetic counseling, and emphasizing the need for DNA-based prenatal screening for families with a history of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Khanh Tran
- Department of Molecular Pathology Faculty of Medical Technology and Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quang Minh Diep
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Center, Quang Ninh Hospital for Obstetric and Pediatric, Quang ninh, Vietnam
| | - Qiu Zilong
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Le Thi Phuong
- Department of Molecular Pathology Faculty of Medical Technology and Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hai Anh Tran
- Department of Molecular Pathology Faculty of Medical Technology and Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Tung
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Kim Lien
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Xuan
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Ha
- Neonatal Care Center, Vietnam National Hospital of Pediatrics, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Van Ta
- Department of Molecular Pathology Faculty of Medical Technology and Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thinh Huy Tran
- Department of Molecular Pathology Faculty of Medical Technology and Center for Gene and Protein Research, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hoang
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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13
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Murashkin NN, Avetisyan KO, Ivanov RA, Makarova SG. Congenital Ichthyosis: Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of the Disease. CURRENT PEDIATRICS 2022. [DOI: 10.15690/vsp.v21i5.2459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Congenital ichthyosis is a group (almost 100 clinical variants) of rare genetic skin diseases caused by pathogenic changes in more than 50 genes. Clinical features of ichthyosis, regardless of its genotype, are dry skin, peeling, hyperkeratosis frequently accompanied with erythroderma. These patients have extremely low quality of life due to changes in appearance, discomfort due to itching and functional limitations (pain during walking, impaired hands motor skills and functions due to hyperkeratosis foci in functionally relevant areas), as well as impaired functions of various organs and systems in syndromic forms of disease. Patients need daily skin care and systemic medications. By now, there is no definitive treatment for ichthyosis. Diagnostic difficulties in determining the clinical forms of congenital ichthyosis are associated with their clinical heterogeneity and with similarity in external manifestations. Difficulties in differential diagnosis with other dermatoses are particularly crucial in case of syndromic forms of disease. This review presents the modern classification of ichthyoses, provides data on disease clinical and genetic variants, diagnostic algorithms, treatment methods for patients with this severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. N. Murashkin
- National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential Affairs
| | | | - R. A. Ivanov
- National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health; Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential Affairs
| | - S. G. Makarova
- National Medical Research Center of Children’s Health; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
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14
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Mohamad J, Samuelov L, Assaf S, Malki L, Malovitski K, Meijers O, Adir N, Granot E, Pavlovsky M, Sarig O, Sprecher E. Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis caused by a pathogenic missense variant in CLDN1. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2879-2887. [PMID: 35920354 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) refers to a large and genetically heterogenous group of non-syndromic disorders of cornification featuring diffuse scaling. Ichthyosis, leukocyte vacuoles, alopecia, and sclerosing cholangitis (ILVASC) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive syndromic form of ichthyosis. The disease usually results from premature termination codon-causing pathogenic variants in CLDN1 encoding CLAUDIN-1 (CLDN1). We used whole exome sequencing (WES), Sanger sequencing, 3D protein modeling, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy to delineate the genetic basis of ichthyosis in two siblings with ichthyosis but no other ectodermal abnormalities. One of the two siblings underwent liver transplantation in early childhood due to biliary atresia. Both patients were found to carry a homozygous missense pathogenic variant, c.242G>A (p.Arg81His), in CLDN1. The variant resulted in decreased CLDN1 expression in patient skin. 3D protein modeling predicted that p.Arg81His induces deleterious conformational changes. Accordingly, HaCaT cells transfected with a construct expressing the mutant CLDN1 cDNA featured decreased levels and mislocation of CLDN1 as compared with cells expressing the wildtype cDNA. In conclusion, we describe the first pathogenic missense variant in CLDN1 shown to result in ARCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janan Mohamad
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Liat Samuelov
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sari Assaf
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Liron Malki
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kiril Malovitski
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Odile Meijers
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Adir
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Mor Pavlovsky
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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15
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Revertant Mosaicism in Genodermatoses: Natural Gene Therapy Right before Your Eyes. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092118. [PMID: 36140224 PMCID: PMC9495737 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Revertant mosaicism (RM) is the intriguing phenomenon in which nature itself has successfully done what medical science is so eagerly trying to achieve: correcting the effect of disease-causing germline variants and thereby reversing the disease phenotype back to normal. RM was molecularly confirmed for the first time in a genodermatosis in 1997, the genetic skin condition junctional epidermolysis bullosa (EB). At that time, RM was considered an extraordinary phenomenon. However, several important discoveries have changed this conception in the past few decades. First, RM has now been identified in all major subtypes of EB. Second, RM has also been identified in many other genodermatoses. Third, a theoretical mathematical exercise concluded that reverse mutations should be expected in all patients with a recessive subtype of EB or any other genodermatosis. This has shifted the paradigm from RM being an extraordinary phenomenon to it being something that every physician working in the field of genodermatoses should be looking for in every patient. It has also raised hope for new treatment options in patients with genodermatoses. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on RM and discuss the perspectives of RM for the future treatment of patients with genodermatoses.
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16
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Serra G, Memo L, Cavicchioli P, Cutrone M, Giuffrè M, La Torre ML, Schierz IAM, Corsello G. Novel mutations of the ABCA12, KRT1 and ST14 genes in three unrelated newborns showing congenital ichthyosis. Ital J Pediatr 2022; 48:145. [PMID: 35964051 PMCID: PMC9375412 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-022-01336-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital ichthyosis (CI) is a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by generalized dry skin, scaling and hyperkeratosis, often associated to erythroderma. They are rare diseases, with overall incidence of 6.7 in 100,000. Clinical manifestations are due to mutations in genes mostly involved in skin barrier formation. Based on clinical presentation, CI is distinguished in non-syndromic and syndromic forms. To date, mutations of more than 50 genes have been associated to different types of CI. Cases presentation We report on three Italian unrelated newborns showing clinical signs compatible with different forms of CI of variable severity, namely Harlequin ichtyosis (HI), epidermolytic ichtyosis (EI) and autosomal recessive ichtyosis with hypotrichosis (ARIH). Target next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis identified three novel mutations of the ABCA12, KRT1 and ST14 genes, respectively associated to such congenital ichtyoses, not reported in literature. Genomic investigation allowed to provide the more appropriate management to each patient, based on an individualized approach. Conclusions Our report highlights the wide genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic variability of CI. It expands the current knowledge on such diseases, widening their genomic database, and providing a better clinical characterization. Furthermore, it underlines the clinical relevance of NGS, which is essential to address the management of patients. Indeed, it may guide towards the most adequate approach, preventing clinical obstinacy for subjects with more severe forms and unfavorable outcomes (together with the support, in such situations, of bioethicists included within the multidisciplinary care team), as well as reassuring families in those with milder course and favorable evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Serra
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Luigi Memo
- Clinical Genetics Outpatient Service, Serenissima Unit of Health and Social Services 3, Venice, Italy
| | - Paola Cavicchioli
- Pediatrics and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Angel Hospital, Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - Mario Cutrone
- Pediatric Dermatology Outpatient Service, Angel Hospital, Mestre, Venice, Italy
| | - Mario Giuffrè
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Laura La Torre
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ingrid Anne Mandy Schierz
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corsello
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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17
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Zheng S, Liu D, Wang F, Jin Y, Zhao S, Sun S, Wang S. ABCA12 Promotes Proliferation and Migration and Inhibits Apoptosis of Pancreatic Cancer Cells Through the AKT Signaling Pathway. Front Genet 2022; 13:906326. [PMID: 35783291 PMCID: PMC9243331 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.906326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: As a malignant tumor, pancreatic cancer is difficult to detect in its early stage. Pancreatic cancer progresses rapidly and has a short survival time. Most cases have metastasized to distant organs before diagnosis. The mechanism of induction of pancreatic cancer is not fully understood. Methods: In this study, bioinformatics predicted ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 12 (ABCA12) expression in pancreatic tissues and performed survival analysis, risk assessment, and enrichment analysis. The expression of ABCA12 in 30 pairs of clinical samples was detected by immunohistochemistry and we analyzed its correlation with clinical information. Both reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) and western blot analysis were used to detect mRNA and protein expression in cell lines. Two different siRNAs and SW1990 cell line were used to construct pancreatic cancer cell models with ABCA12 knockdown. Cell viability was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and EdU proliferation assays. Wound healing assays and Transwell assays were used to measure the ability of cell migration and invasion. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the effect of ABCA12 on the proliferation cycle and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer. Western blot analysis detected changes in apoptosis, migration, and other pathway proteins in SW1990 cells after transfection. Results:ABCA12 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and cells. After ABCA12 was knocked down, the proliferation, invasion, and migration of SW1990 cells were significantly reduced, and apoptosis was increased. The changes in pathway proteins suggested that ABCA12 may regulate the progression of pancreatic cancer through the AKT pathway. Conclusion: We found that ABCA12 is differentially expressed in pancreatic tissues and cells. ABCA12 can also affect the biological behavior of pancreatic cancer cells effectively, which may serve as a new target for pancreatic cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyuan Zheng
- Department of Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dongyan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Medical Research Center, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Youyan Jin
- Department of Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Siqiao Zhao
- Department of Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Department of Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Siyu Sun, ; Sheng Wang,
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Siyu Sun, ; Sheng Wang,
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18
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SAAT H, SAHIN I, DUZKALE N, GONUL M, BAHSI T. Genetic Etiology of Ichthyosis in Turkish Patients: Nextgeneration Sequencing Identified Seven Novel Mutations. Medeni Med J 2022; 37:126-130. [PMID: 35734965 PMCID: PMC9234365 DOI: 10.4274/mmj.galenos.2022.39924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Ichthyosis is a clinically heterogeneous group of genodermatoses characterized by widespread drying and scaling of the skin. It is also a genetically heterogeneous disorder, and 67 genes associated with the disease have been identified to date. However, there are still undiscovered genes causing the disease. Methods: We investigated 19 Turkish patients from 17 unrelated families using clinical exome sequencing or multigene panel screening. Results: Sixteen likely pathogenic or pathogenic variants were detected in 13 unrelated patients. We identified “variant of unknown significance” alteration in only one patient. Seven novel variants were identified in ABCA12, ALOX12B, and ALOXE3. The most commonly mutated gene was TGM1, followed by ABCA12 and ALOX12B. Conclusions: Because of the wide genetic variability of ichthyosis, it is difficult to diagnose the disease quickly and definitively. The clinical use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) methodologies is beneficial in the diagnostic approach to ichthyosis and genetic counseling. This study highlights the underlying molecular cause of ichthyosis by determining the mutational spectrum in a cohort of 19 patients. This study is the first and largest research from Turkey using NGS that highlights all ichthyosis subtypes.
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19
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El Helou J, Perry TB, Anastasio N, Holbrook KA, Rosenblatt DS. Lessons on the value of long term follow-up from genetic counselling of a family with severe autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 135:309-310. [PMID: 35216886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janine El Helou
- McGill University, Department of Human Genetics, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Tracy B Perry
- McGill University, Department of Human Genetics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Natascia Anastasio
- University of Sherbrooke, Department of Pediatrics, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
| | - Karen A Holbrook
- University of South Florida Sarasota-Manatee Campus, Sarasota, FL, USA.
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20
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Ennouri M, Zimmer AD, Bahloul E, Chaabouni R, Marrakchi S, Turki H, Fakhfakh F, Bougacha-Elleuch N, Fischer J. Clinical and genetic investigation of ichthyosis in familial and sporadic cases in south of Tunisia: genotype-phenotype correlation. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:4. [PMID: 34983512 PMCID: PMC8729015 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ichthyosis is a heterogeneous group of Mendelian cornification disorders that includes syndromic and non-syndromic forms. Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyosis (ARCI) and Ichthyosis Linearis Circumflexa (ILC) belong to non-syndromic forms. Syndromic ichthyosis is rather a large group of heterogeneous diseases. Overlapping phenotypes and genotypes between these disorders is a major characteristic. Therefore, determining the specific genetic background for each form would be necessary.
Methods A total of 11 Tunisian patients with non-syndromic (8 with ARCI and 2 with ILC) and autosomal syndromic ichthyosis (1 patient) were screened by a custom Agilent HaloPlex multi-gene panel and the segregation of causative mutations were analyzed in available family members. Results Clinical and molecular characterization, leading to genotype–phenotype correlation in 11 Tunisian patients was carried out. Overall, we identified 8 mutations in 5 genes. Thus, in patients with ARCI, we identified a novel (c.118T > C in NIPAL4) and 4 already reported mutations (c.534A > C in NIPAL4; c.788G > A and c.1042C > T in TGM1 and c.844C > T in CYP4F22). Yellowish severe keratoderma was found to be associated with NIPAL4 variations and brachydactyly to TGM1 mutations. Two novel variations (c.5898G > C and c.2855A > G in ABCA12) seemed to be features of ILC. Delexon13 in CERS3 was reported in a patient with syndromic ichthyosis. Conclusions Our study further extends the spectrum of mutations involved in ichthyosis as well as clinical features that could help directing genetic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Ennouri
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax University, Street of Soukra km 4, BP 1171-3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Andreas D Zimmer
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Emna Bahloul
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Hedi Chaker, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Rim Chaabouni
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Hedi Chaker, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Hamida Turki
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Hedi Chaker, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Faiza Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax University, Street of Soukra km 4, BP 1171-3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Noura Bougacha-Elleuch
- Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax University, Street of Soukra km 4, BP 1171-3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Judith Fischer
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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21
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Xiao C, Rossignol F, Vaz FM, Ferreira CR. Inherited disorders of complex lipid metabolism: A clinical review. J Inherit Metab Dis 2021; 44:809-825. [PMID: 33594685 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over 80 human diseases have been attributed to defects in complex lipid metabolism. A majority of them have been reported recently in the setting of rapid advances in genomic technology and their increased use in clinical settings. Lipids are ubiquitous in human biology and play roles in many cellular and intercellular processes. While inborn errors in lipid metabolism can affect every organ system with many examples of genetic heterogeneity and pleiotropy, the clinical manifestations of many of these disorders can be explained based on the disruption of the metabolic pathway involved. In this review, we will discuss the physiological function of major pathways in complex lipid metabolism, including nonlysosomal sphingolipid metabolism, acylceramide metabolism, de novo phospholipid synthesis, phospholipid remodeling, phosphatidylinositol metabolism, mitochondrial cardiolipin synthesis and remodeling, and ether lipid metabolism as well as common clinical phenotypes associated with each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrui Xiao
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Francis Rossignol
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos R Ferreira
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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22
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Arias-Pérez RD, Gallego-Quintero S, Taborda NA, Restrepo JE, Zambrano-Cruz R, Tamayo-Agudelo W, Bermúdez P, Duque C, Arroyave I, Tejada-Moreno JA, Villegas-Lanau A, Mejía-García A, Zapata W, Hernandez JC, Cuartas-Montoya G. Ichthyosis: case report in a Colombian man with genetic alterations in ABCA12 and HRNR genes. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:140. [PMID: 34039366 PMCID: PMC8157432 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-00987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ichthyosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by genetic disorders related to skin formation. They are characterized by generalized dry skin, scaling, hyperkeratosis and frequently associated with erythroderma. Among its different types, harlequin ichthyosis (HI) stands out due to its severity. HI is caused by mutations in the ABCA12 gene, which encodes essential proteins in epidermal lipid transport, and it helps maintain the homeostasis of the stratum corneum of the epidermis. However, due to the wide spectrum of genetic alterations that can cause ichthyosis, holistic medical care, and genetic studies are required to improve the diagnosis and outcomes of these diseases. Case presentation Here, we presented the case of a 19 years old male patient who was a premature infant and exhibited clinical features consistent with HI, including bright yellow hyperkeratotic plates with erythematous fissures that covered his entire body like a collodion baby. Currently, he exhibited erythroderma, photosensitivity, ectropion, auricular pavilion alterations, and musculoskeletal disorders, such as equinovarus feet, fingers, hands, and hypoplastic feet with contractures in flexion and marked difficulty in fine motor skills. In addition, he presented dyschromatopsia, Achilles reflex hyporeflexia, slight speech, dental alteration and deficient cognitive performance. After the genetic sequencing, variants were found in ABCA12 and HRNR which are related to several skin diseases, including ichthyosis. Conclusions Although in clinical practice, ichthyosis is a common entity, a severe type of ichthyosis is presented, highlighting the importance of appropriate genetic diagnosis, given the broad spectrum of genetic alterations with similar phenotypic and clinical characteristics. These pathologies must be known to guarantee initial support measures to prevent complications and offer multidisciplinary management to those patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-021-00987-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben D Arias-Pérez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas Uniremington, Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Salomón Gallego-Quintero
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas Uniremington, Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Natalia A Taborda
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas Uniremington, Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jorge E Restrepo
- Grupo OBSERVATOS, Facultad de Educación Y Ciencias Sociales, Tecnológico de Antioquia -Institución Universitaria, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Renato Zambrano-Cruz
- Grupo Neurociencia Y Cognición, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - William Tamayo-Agudelo
- Grupo Neurociencia Y Cognición, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Patricia Bermúdez
- Grupo GIOM, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Constanza Duque
- Grupo GIOM, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ismael Arroyave
- Grupo GIOM, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Johanna A Tejada-Moreno
- Grupo de Genética Molecular (GENMOL), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Andrés Villegas-Lanau
- Grupo de Genética Molecular (GENMOL), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Mejía-García
- Grupo de Genética Molecular (GENMOL), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEN), Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Wildeman Zapata
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan C Hernandez
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Gina Cuartas-Montoya
- Grupo Neurociencia Y Cognición, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
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23
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Li J, Xu X, Tiwari M, Chen Y, Fuller M, Bansal V, Tamayo P, Das S, Ghosh P, Sen GL. SPT6 promotes epidermal differentiation and blockade of an intestinal-like phenotype through control of transcriptional elongation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:784. [PMID: 33542242 PMCID: PMC7862286 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21067-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In adult tissue, stem and progenitor cells must tightly regulate the balance between proliferation and differentiation to sustain homeostasis. How this exquisite balance is achieved is an area of active investigation. Here, we show that epidermal genes, including ~30% of induced differentiation genes already contain stalled Pol II at the promoters in epidermal stem and progenitor cells which is then released into productive transcription elongation upon differentiation. Central to this process are SPT6 and PAF1 which are necessary for the elongation of these differentiation genes. Upon SPT6 or PAF1 depletion there is a loss of human skin differentiation and stratification. Unexpectedly, loss of SPT6 also causes the spontaneous transdifferentiation of epidermal cells into an intestinal-like phenotype due to the stalled transcription of the master regulator of epidermal fate P63. Our findings suggest that control of transcription elongation through SPT6 plays a prominent role in adult somatic tissue differentiation and the inhibition of alternative cell fate choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingting Li
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Manisha Tiwari
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yifang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mackenzie Fuller
- Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, HUMANOID Center of Research Excellence, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, HUMANOID Center of Research Excellence, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Varun Bansal
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pablo Tamayo
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Soumita Das
- Department of Pathology, HUMANOID Center of Research Excellence, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine, HUMANOID Center of Research Excellence, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - George L Sen
- Department of Dermatology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, UCSD Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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24
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Multi-Gene Next-Generation Sequencing for Molecular Diagnosis of Autosomal Recessive Congenital Ichthyosis: A Genotype-Phenotype Study of Four Italian Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10120995. [PMID: 33255364 PMCID: PMC7760754 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10120995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses (ARCI) are rare genodermatosis disorders characterized by phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. At least fourteen genes so far have been related to ARCI; however, despite genetic heterogeneity, phenotypes associated with mutation of different ARCI genes may overlap, thereby making difficult their clinical and molecular classification. In addition, molecular tests for diagnosis of such an extremely rare heterogeneous inherited disease are not easily available in clinical settings. In the attempt of identifying the genetic cause of the disease in four Italian patients with ARCI, we performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis targeting 4811 genes that have been previously linked to human genetic diseases; we focused our analysis on the 13 known ARCI genes comprised in the panel. Nine different variants including three novel small nucleotide changes and two novel large deletions have been identified and validated in the ABCA12, ALOX12B, CYP4F22, and SULT2B1 genes. Notably, two patients had variants in more than one gene. The identification and validation of new pathogenic ABCA12, ALOX12B, CYP4F22, and SULT2B1 variants through multi-gene NGS in four cases of ARCI further highlight the importance of these genes in proper skin function and development.
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25
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Akiyama M. Acylceramide is a key player in skin barrier function: insight into the molecular mechanisms of skin barrier formation and ichthyosis pathogenesis. FEBS J 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
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26
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Wang X, Cao C, Li Y, Hai T, Jia Q, Zhang Y, Zheng Q, Yao J, Qin G, Zhang H, Song R, Wang Y, Shui G, Lam SM, Liu Z, Wei H, Meng A, Zhou Q, Zhao J. A harlequin ichthyosis pig model with a novel ABCA12 mutation can be rescued by acitretin treatment. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:1029-1041. [PMID: 30925591 PMCID: PMC6934153 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a severe genetic skin disorder and caused by mutation in the ATP-binding cassette A12 (ABCA12) gene. The retinoid administration has dramatically improved long-term survival of HI, but improvements are still needed. However, the ABCA12 null mice failed to respond to retinoid treatment, which impedes the development of novel cure strategies for HI. Here we generated an ethylnitrosourea mutagenic HI pig model (named Z9), which carries a novel deep intronic mutation IVS49-727 A>G in the ABCA12 gene, resulting in abnormal mRNA splicing and truncated protein production. Z9 pigs exhibit significant clinical symptom as human patients with HI. Most importantly, systemic retinoid treatment significantly prolonged the life span of the mutant pigs via improving epidermal maturation, decreasing epidermal apoptosis, and triggering the expression of ABCA6. Taken together, this pig model perfectly resembles the clinical symptom and molecular pathology of patients with HI and will be useful for understanding mechanistic insight and developing therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chunwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yongshun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tang Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qitao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qiantao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guosong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ruigao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin 150030, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Anming Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Chinese Swine Mutagenesis Consortium, Beijing 100101, China
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27
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Yang Z, Qi Z, Xu Z, Li W, Ma L. Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma with a novel variant in ABCA12 in a Chinese patient. Pediatr Investig 2020; 4:51-54. [PMID: 32851342 PMCID: PMC7331307 DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE ) is characterized by fine, whitish scales on a background of erythematous skin over the whole body; it is reportedly caused by mutations in ABCA12, ALOX12B, ALOXE3, CERS3, CYP4F22, NIPAL4, PNPLA1, and TGM1 genes. CASE PRESENTATION A 15-month-old girl presented with CIE associated with compound heterozygous ABCA12 mutations, a known missense mutation c.4139A>G (p.Asn1380Ser) from her father, and a novel missense mutation c.4300A>G (p.Thr1434Ala) from her mother. CONCLUSION This is the first report to indicate that compound heterozygous missense mutations in the first ATP-binding cassette of ABCA12 could contribute to the onset of CIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yang
- Department of DermatologyBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Zhan Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth DefectsMOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenCenter for Medical GeneticsBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthChina
| | - Zhe Xu
- Department of DermatologyBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth DefectsMOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in ChildrenCenter for Medical GeneticsBeijing Pediatric Research InstituteBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthChina
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of DermatologyBeijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijingChina
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28
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Esperón-Moldes U, Ginarte-Val M, Rodríguez-Pazos L, Fachal L, Martín-Santiago A, Vicente A, Jiménez-Gallo D, Guillén-Navarro E, Sampol LM, González-Enseñat MA, Vega A. Novel CYP4F22 mutations associated with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI). Study of the CYP4F22 c.1303C>T founder mutation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229025. [PMID: 32069299 PMCID: PMC7028276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in CYP4F22 cause autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI). However, less than 10% of all ARCI patients carry a mutation in CYP4F22. In order to identify the molecular basis of ARCI among our patients (a cohort of ninety-two Spanish individuals) we performed a mutational analysis using direct Sanger sequencing in combination with a multigene targeted NGS panel. From these, eight ARCI families (three of them with Moroccan origin) were found to carry five different CYP4F22 mutations, of which two were novel. Computational analysis showed that the mutations found were present in highly conserved residues of the protein and may affect its structure and function. Seven of the eight families were carriers of a highly recurrent CYP4F22 variant, c.1303C>T; p.(His435Tyr). A 12Mb haplotype was reconstructed in all c.1303C>T carriers by genotyping ten microsatellite markers flanking the CYP4F22 gene. A prevalent 2.52Mb haplotype was observed among Spanish carrier patients suggesting a recent common ancestor. A smaller core haplotype of 1.2Mb was shared by Spanish and Moroccan families. Different approaches were applied to estimate the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of carrier patients with Spanish origin. The age of the mutation was calculated by using DMLE and BDMC2. The algorithms estimated that the c.1303C>T variant arose approximately 2925 to 4925 years ago, while Spanish carrier families derived from a common ancestor who lived in the XIII century. The present study reports five CYP4F22 mutations, two of them novel, increasing the number of CYP4F22 mutations currently listed. Additionally, our results suggest that the recurrent c.1303C>T change has a founder effect in Spanish population and c.1303C>T carrier families originated from a single ancestor with probable African ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uxia Esperón-Moldes
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Forenses, Anatomía Patolóxica, Xinecoloxía, Obstetricia e Pediatría, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Ginarte-Val
- Dermatology Service of Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Laura Fachal
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Martín-Santiago
- Dermatology Service of Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Asunción Vicente
- Dermatology Service of Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- * E-mail:
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29
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Pasello M, Giudice AM, Scotlandi K. The ABC subfamily A transporters: Multifaceted players with incipient potentialities in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 60:57-71. [PMID: 31605751 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters is a cause of drug resistance in a plethora of tumors. More recent evidence indicates additional contribution of these transporters to other processes, such as tumor cell dissemination and metastasis, thereby extending their possible roles in tumor progression. While the role of some ABC transporters, such as ABCB1, ABCC1 and ABCG2, in multidrug resistance is well documented, the mechanisms by which ABC transporters affect the proliferation, differentiation, migration and invasion of cancer cells are still poorly defined and are frequently controversial. This review, summarizes recent advances that highlight the role of subfamily A members in cancer. Emerging evidence highlights the potential value of ABCA members as biomarkers of risk and response in different tumors, but information is disperse and very little is known about their possible mechanisms of action. The only clear evidence is that ABCA members are involved in lipid metabolism and homeostasis. In particular, the relationship between ABCA1 and cholesterol is becoming evident in different fields of biology, including cancer. In parallel, emerging findings indicate that cholesterol, the main component of cell membranes, can influence many physiological and pathological processes, including cell migration, cancer progression and metastasis. This review aims to link the dispersed knowledge regarding the relationship of ABCA members with lipid metabolism and cancer in an effort to stimulate and guide readers to areas that the writers consider to have significant impact and relevant potentialities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Pasello
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Giudice
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italy; Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- CRS Development of Biomolecular Therapies, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, 40136, Italy.
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Simpson J, Martinez‐Queipo M, Onoufriadis A, Tso S, Glass E, Liu L, Higashino T, Scott W, Tierney C, Simpson M, Desomchoke R, Youssefian L, SaeIdian A, Vahidnezhad H, Bisquera A, Ravenscroft J, Moss C, O'Toole E, Burrows N, Leech S, Jones E, Lim D, Ilchyshyn A, Goldstraw N, Cork M, Darne S, Uitto J, Martinez A, Mellerio J, McGrath J. Genotype–phenotype correlation in a large English cohort of patients with autosomal recessive ichthyosis. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:729-737. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Saso A, Dowsing B, Forrest K, Glover M. Recognition and management of congenital ichthyosis in a low-income setting. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:12/8/e228313. [PMID: 31434665 PMCID: PMC6706671 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-228313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a 3-week old girl in The Gambia who presented to hospital with an undiagnosed skin disorder evolving since birth. Using telemedicine to seek specialist dermatology advice abroad, she was diagnosed with and managed for suspected congenital lamellar ichthyosis. Poor early recognition and limited resources, for both acute and chronic care, created significant challenges to optimal management; these were overcome, in part, by adopting a common sense, back-to-basics approach to treatment and by empowering the parents to take ownership of their infant’s daily skin and eye care. This case highlights key global health issues associated with managing chronic, often debilitating, paediatric dermatological conditions in a low-income setting; namely, poor access to important diagnostic tools and medications, lack of experience and expertise in the management of severe skin disease and its associated complications, absence of long-term community support, alternative health beliefs and risk of sociocultural stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Saso
- Academic Paediatrics, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Vaccines and Immunity Theme, MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Benjamin Dowsing
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Karen Forrest
- Clinical Services Department, MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Mary Glover
- Paediatric Dermatology, Great Ormond Street Hospital For Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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van Leersum FS, Seyger MMB, Theunissen TEJ, Bongers EMHF, Steijlen PM, van Geel M. Recessive mosaicism in ABCA12 causes blaschkoid congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:208-211. [PMID: 31206590 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report the unique case of a 3-year-old girl who presented with linear erythematosquamous lesions following the lines of Blaschko, suggestive of genetic mosaicism in the skin. Single-candidate gene analyses were performed on DNA from blood, excluding Conradi-Hünermann-Happle syndrome, erythrokeratodermia variabilis and a mosaic presentation of pityriasis rubra pilaris. With whole-exome sequencing (WES) on DNA from the patient's blood, a heterozygous missense mutation in exon 25 of the ABCA12 gene was detected. By manually scrutinizing the WES data, another low-percentage pathogenic frameshift mutation was found in the adjacent exon 26 of the same gene. This frameshift mutation was confirmed with Sanger sequencing in DNA isolated from a lesional skin biopsy. A subsequent cloning experiment was performed to prove that the patient is compound heterozygous for both mutations in the affected skin, explaining the blaschkoid ichthyosiform erythrodermic phenotype. The patient's phenotype was elucidated by the combination of a germline mutation and an acquired postzygotic mutation in ABCA12, resulting in the diagnosis of a mosaic manifestation of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. Postzygotic compound allelic loss in autosomal recessive disorders is extremely rare and will not appear as the typical phenotype of the known germline mutation-associated disease. This is the first report of a proven biallelic mosaic presentation of an autosomal recessive genodermatosis, and we propose the term 'recessive mosaicism' for this kind of manifestation. What's already know about this topic? Specific mutations in the ABCA12 lipid transporter are known to cause different phenotypes like harlequin ichthyosis, congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma and lamellar ichthyosis. In mosaicism, two or more cell populations that are genetically different arise postzygotically in the developing embryo. In the skin, mosaicism can present itself in different patterns of affected skin, often caused by a dominant genetic mutation. What does this study add? We report a unique patient with blaschkoid congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma due to biallelic mutations, one inherited germline missense mutation and the other a postzygotic frameshift mutation in the ABCA12 gene. This study describes the diagnostic approach and applied research that can be used if one encounters a similar diagnostic dilemma with manifestations suspected for genetic mosaicism. We propose the term 'recessive mosaicism' for this kind of mosaic presentation of an autosomal recessive genodermatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F S van Leersum
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M M B Seyger
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - T E J Theunissen
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - E M H F Bongers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - P M Steijlen
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M van Geel
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Borská R, Pinková B, Réblová K, Bučková H, Kopečková L, Němečková J, Puchmajerová A, Malíková M, Hermanová M, Fajkusová L. Inherited ichthyoses: molecular causes of the disease in Czech patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:92. [PMID: 31046801 PMCID: PMC6498588 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1076-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited ichthyoses belong to a large and heterogeneous group of mendelian disorders of cornification, and can be distinguished by the quality and distribution of scaling and hyperkeratosis, by other dermatologic and extracutaneous involvement, and by inheritance. We present the genetic analysis results of probands with X-linked ichthyosis, autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, keratinopathic ichthyosis, and a patient with Netherton syndrome. Genetic diagnostics was complemented by in silico missense variant analysis based on 3D protein structures and commonly used prediction programs to compare the yields of these two approaches to each other. This analysis revealed various structural defects in proteins coded by mutated genes while no defects were associated with known polymorphisms. Two patients with pathogenic variants in the ABCA12 gene have a premature termination codon mutation on one allele and a silent variant on the second. The silent variants c.69G > A and c.4977G > A are localised in the last nucleotide of exon 1 and exon 32, respectively, and probably affect mRNA splicing. The phenotype of both patients is very severe, including a picture harlequin foetus after birth; later (at 3 and 6 years of age, respectively) ectropin, eclabion, generalised large polygonal scaling and erythema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Borská
- Centre of Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy, University Hospital Brno and Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Pinková
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital Brno and Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Réblová
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Bučková
- Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Pediatric Clinic, University Hospital Brno and Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kopečková
- Centre of Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy, University Hospital Brno and Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Němečková
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Puchmajerová
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06, Prague, Czech Republic.,GENNET, Kostelní 9/292, 170 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Malíková
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Hermanová
- First Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 664/53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Fajkusová
- Centre of Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy, University Hospital Brno and Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Proteomics, NCBR, Faculty of Science, Kotlářská 267/2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Montalván-Suárez M, Esperón-Moldes US, Rodríguez-Pazos L, Ordóñez-Ugalde A, Moscoso F, Ugalde-Noritz N, Santomé L, Fachal L, Tettamanti-Miranda D, Ruiz JC, Ginarte M, Vega A. A novel ABCA12 pathologic variant identified in an Ecuadorian harlequin ichthyosis patient: A step forward in genotype-phenotype correlations. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e608. [PMID: 30916489 PMCID: PMC6503032 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses (ARCI) have been associated with different phenotypes including: harlequin ichthyosis (HI), congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE), and lamellar ichthyosis (LI). While pathogenic variants in all ARCI genes are associated with LI and CIE phenotypes, the unique gene associated with HI is ABCA12. In HI, the most severe ARCI form, pathogenic variants in both ABCA12 gene alleles usually have a severe impact on protein function. The presence of at least one non‐truncating variant frequently causes a less severe congenital ichthyosis phenotype (LI and CIE). Methods We report the case of a 4‐year‐old Ecuadorian boy with a severe skin disease. Genetic diagnosis was performed by NGS. In silico predictions were performed using Alamut software v2.11. A review of the literature was carried out to identify all patients carrying ABCA12 splice‐site and missense variants, and to explore their genotype‐phenotype correlations. Results Genetic testing revealed a nonsense substitution, p.(Arg2204*), and a new missense variant, p.(Val1927Leu), in the ABCA12 gene. After performing in silico analysis and a comprehensive review of the literature, we conclude that p.(Val1927Leu) affects a well conserved residue which could either disturb the protein function or alter the splicing process, both alternatives could explain the severe phenotype of our patient. Conclusion This case expands the spectrum of ABCA12 reported disease‐causing variants which is important to unravel genotype‐phenotype correlations and highlights the importance of missense variants in the development of HI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Montalván-Suárez
- Sistema de Investigación y Desarrollo SINDE, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil and Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Uxia Saraiva Esperón-Moldes
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencias Forenses, Anatomía Patolóxica, Xinecoloxía, Obstetricia e Pediatría, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Rodríguez-Pazos
- Servicio de Dermatología del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Andrés Ordóñez-Ugalde
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Laboratorio Biomolecular, Cuenca, Ecuador.,Unidad de Genética y Molecular del Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | | | - Nora Ugalde-Noritz
- Unidad de Genética y Molecular del Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Luis Santomé
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Fachal
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Juan Carlos Ruiz
- Universidad Espíritu Santo and Hospital Luis Vernaza, Guayaquil, Ecuador.,Instituto de Biomedicina Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil and Centro de Investigación, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Manuel Ginarte
- Servicio de Dermatología del Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Facultad de Medicina, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Liang Q, Xiong F, Liang X, Zheng D, Su S, Wen Y, Wang X. Two successive cases of fetal harlequin ichthyosis: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:449-452. [PMID: 30651820 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a genetic skin disorder characterized by thickening and splitting of the skin. In fetuses presenting with the disorder, the mortality rate is markedly high. A number of fetal HI cases have been documented. The present study reports a case of a pregnant woman who underwent two successive pregnancies at the ages of 35 and 36, respectively, with both fetuses presenting with HI. The first fetus was delivered alive though succumbed shortly after birth, while the second fetus was stillborn and birthed by induced labor. The fetuses exhibited typical features of fetal HI, including thick, platelike scaling and fissuring, which act as a nidus for infection. The present study is the first to report two cases of fetal HI from successive pregnancies in the same woman. Improved understanding of the genetic basis of HI indicates that genetic screening for candidate gene mutations related to HI, particularly mutations in the adenosine triphosphate binding-cassette transporter ABCA12, may prove beneficial in prenatal diagnosis. Establishing methods for early diagnosis of fetal HI may reduce the physical and mental distress to parents and relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhong Liang
- Ultrasound Department, He Xian Memorial Hospital, Panyu, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, P.R. China
| | - Fu Xiong
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xuankun Liang
- Ultrasound Department, He Xian Memorial Hospital, Panyu, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, P.R. China
| | - Dongming Zheng
- Ultrasound Department, He Xian Memorial Hospital, Panyu, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, P.R. China
| | - Shuguang Su
- Ultrasound Department, He Xian Memorial Hospital, Panyu, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, P.R. China
| | - Yunjie Wen
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center, Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center, Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510663, P.R. China
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Liu F, Yang Y, Zheng Y, Liang YH, Zeng K. Mutation and expression of ABCA12 in keratosis pilaris and nevus comedonicus. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3153-3158. [PMID: 30066947 PMCID: PMC6102636 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratosis pilaris (KP) and nevus comedonicus (NC) are congenital keratinized dermatoses; however, the exact etiology of these two diseases is unclear. The objective of the present study was to identify the disease-causing genes and their association with functional alterations in the development of KP and NC. Peripheral blood samples of one KP family, two NC families and 100 unrelated healthy controls were collected. The genomic sequences of 147 genes associated with 143 genetic skin diseases were initially analyzed from the KP proband using a custom-designed GeneChip. A novel heterozygous missense mutation in the ATP-binding cassette sub-family A member 12 (ABCA12) gene, designated c.6694G>T (p.Asp2232Tyr), was identified in the KP proband and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The same mutation was also present in the affected family members but not in the healthy family members, the two patients with NC or population-matched controls. The predictions provided by PolyPhen-2 and SIFT analyses suggested that the mutation may produce a damaged protein. The region surrounding the mutation is the extra-membrane domain, which is conserved among particular species, as suggested by ClustalX; however, no ABCA12 mutations were reported in the patients with NC. As observed by immunofluorescence, ABCA12 expression was upregulated in the sebaceous glands of the patients with NC compared with that of normal controls. In summary, ABCA12-associated mutations or alterations in expression may exhibit causative or contributive effects to the development of keratinized dermatoses, including KP and NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Hua Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Esperón-Moldes U, Ginarte M, Rodríguez-Pazos L, Fachal L, Pozo T, Aguilar JL, Del Boz González J, Santiago AM, Vega A. ABCA12 mutations in patients with autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis: evidence of a founder effect in the Spanish population and phenotype-genotype implications. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 91:328-331. [PMID: 29887490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uxia Esperón-Moldes
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, Departamento de Ciencias Forenses, Anatomía Patolóxica, Xinecoloxía, Obstetricia e Pediatría,Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Ginarte
- Dermatology Service of Complexo HospitalarioUniversitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Laura Fachal
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomás Pozo
- Dermatology Service of Hospital Río Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Martín Santiago
- Dermatology Service of Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ana Vega
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica-SERGAS, Grupo de Medicina Xenómica-USC, CIBERER, IDIS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Sheth JJ, Bhavsar R, Patel D, Joshi A, Sheth FJ. Harlequin ichthyosis due to novel splice site mutation in the ABCA12 gene: postnatal to prenatal diagnosis. Int J Dermatol 2018; 57:428-433. [PMID: 29377090 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a severe genetic disorder caused by the mutation in the ABCA12 gene. Infants born with this condition have markedly thickened, hard stratum corneum skin all over the body. METHODS A female child born with a thick white plate of skin with deep cracks all over the body was investigated for genes associated with congenital Ichthyosis by Next Generation sequencing. The variant relevant to the clinical indications was identified using Picard and GATK version 3.6. Variant's pathogenicity was predicted by "in silico" tools like Mutation Taster 2, Mutation Assessor and LRT. Bidirectional Sanger sequencing further validated the same variant detected in the proband and confirmed in the parental blood and CVS. RESULTS A homozygous 5' splice site variation that affects the position at 4 nucleotides downstream to the donor proximal splice site of intron 40 (c.5939+4A>G; ENST00000272895) of the ABCA12 gene was detected in the proband, and the parents were heterozygous for the same variant. This led to the confirmation of diagnosis of Harlequin ichthyosis in the proband. "In silico" prediction of the variant was found to be damaging by MutationTaster2. The CVS sample during subsequent pregnancy was confirmed to be heterozygous for the same variant. CONCLUSIONS The novel intronic mutation found in the proband confirmed the clinical diagnosis as a severe type of HI and has helped the family in providing precise genetic counseling for further prevention of the disease and carrier screening of other family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh J Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Riddhi Bhavsar
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Dhairya Patel
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Aishwarya Joshi
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Frenny J Sheth
- FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics, FRIGE House, Ahmedabad, India
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Loo BKG, Batilando MJ, Tan EC, Koh MJA. Compound heterozygous mutations with novel missense ABCA12 mutation in harlequin ichthyosis. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 2018:bcr-2017-222025. [PMID: 29298786 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-222025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is the most severe form of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis, presenting at birth with distinctive facial features and thick, plate-like scales over the entire body. The abnormal skin barrier predisposes the patient to multiple complications, including dehydration and sepsis. Mortality rates of babies with HI have been greatly reduced since the introduction of systemic retinoid therapy. Mutations in ABCA12 have been found to lead to HI. Most of these mutations are truncation or deletion mutations in the conserved region of the protein, leading to severe loss of ABCA12 function. We report a case of HI caused by a compound heterozygous mutation (a known single nucleotide deletion and a novel single nucleotide substitution) in the ABCA12 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benny Kai Guo Loo
- Department of Paediatric Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ene Choo Tan
- KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Jean Aan Koh
- Department of Dermatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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40
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Ro T, Blasiak RC, Morrell DS. A newborn with significant white hyperkeratotic plaques. Pediatr Dermatol 2018; 35:143-144. [PMID: 29356112 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Ro
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rachel C Blasiak
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dean S Morrell
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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41
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Kruse V, Neess D, Færgeman NJ. The Significance of Epidermal Lipid Metabolism in Whole-Body Physiology. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2017; 28:669-683. [PMID: 28668301 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The skin is the largest sensory organ of the human body. The skin not only prevents loss of water and other components of the body, but also is involved in regulation of body temperature and serves as an essential barrier, protecting mammals from both routine and extreme environments. Given the importance of the skin in temperature regulation, it is surprising that adaptive alterations in skin functions and morphology only vaguely have been associated with systemic physiological responses. Despite that impaired lipid metabolism in the skin often impairs the epidermal permeability barrier and insulation properties of the skin, its role in regulating systemic physiology and metabolism is yet to be recognized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibeke Kruse
- Villum Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Ditte Neess
- Villum Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Nils J Færgeman
- Villum Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark.
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Washio K, Sumi M, Nakata K, Fukunaga A, Yamana K, Koda T, Morioka I, Nishigori C, Yamanishi K. Case of harlequin ichthyosis with a favorable outcome: Early treatment and novel, differentially expressed, alternatively spliced transcripts of the ATP-binding cassette subfamily A member 12 gene. J Dermatol 2017; 44:950-953. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken Washio
- Division of Dermatology; Nishi-Kobe Medical Center; Kobe Japan
- Division of Dermatology; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Mayuko Sumi
- Division of Dermatology; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Kaori Nakata
- Division of Dermatology; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Atsushi Fukunaga
- Division of Dermatology; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Keiji Yamana
- Division of Pediatrics; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Tsubasa Koda
- Division of Pediatrics; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Ichiro Morioka
- Division of Pediatrics; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | - Chikako Nishigori
- Division of Dermatology; Department of Internal Related; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
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Yokouchi M, Atsugi T, Logtestijn MV, Tanaka RJ, Kajimura M, Suematsu M, Furuse M, Amagai M, Kubo A. Epidermal cell turnover across tight junctions based on Kelvin's tetrakaidecahedron cell shape. eLife 2016; 5:19593. [PMID: 27894419 PMCID: PMC5127639 DOI: 10.7554/elife.19593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In multicellular organisms, cells adopt various shapes, from flattened sheets of endothelium to dendritic neurons, that allow the cells to function effectively. Here, we elucidated the unique shape of cells in the cornified stratified epithelia of the mammalian epidermis that allows them to achieve homeostasis of the tight junction (TJ) barrier. Using intimate in vivo 3D imaging, we found that the basic shape of TJ-bearing cells is a flattened Kelvin's tetrakaidecahedron (f-TKD), an optimal shape for filling space. In vivo live imaging further elucidated the dynamic replacement of TJs on the edges of f-TKD cells that enables the TJ-bearing cells to translocate across the TJ barrier. We propose a spatiotemporal orchestration model of f-TKD cell turnover, where in the classic context of 'form follows function', cell shape provides a fundamental basis for the barrier homeostasis and physical strength of cornified stratified epithelia. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.19593.001 The skin surface – known as the epidermis – is made up of sheets of cells that are stacked up in layers. One of the roles of the skin is to provide a protective barrier that limits what leaks into or out of the body. A particular layer of the epidermis – referred to as the stratum granulosum – is primarily responsible for forming this barrier. The cells in this layer are sealed together in a zipper-like fashion by structures known as tight junctions. New skin cells are continuously produced in the lowest cell layers of the epidermis, and move upwards to integrate into the stratum granulosum layer to replace old cells (which also move upwards to leave the layer). How stratum granulosum cells are replaced without disrupting the tight junction barrier was not well understood. Yokouchi et al. used a technique called confocal microscopy to examine the stratum granulosum cells in the ears of mice, and found that the shape of these cells forms the basis of the barrier that they form. These cells resemble a flattened version of a shape called Kelvin’s tetrakaidecahedron: a 14-sided solid with six rectangular and eight hexagonal sides. This structure was proposed by Lord Kelvin in 1887 to be the best shape for filling space. Tight junctions are present on the edges of the flattened Kelvin’s tetrakaidecahedron. Further experiments revealed that the tight junctions move from cell to cell in a spatiotemporally-coordinated manner in order to maintain a continuous barrier throughout the stratum granulosum as cells are replaced. A newly formed stratum granulosum cell appears beneath the cell that it will replace. The shape of these cells enables a new barrier of three-way tight junction contacts to form between them and the neighboring cells in the stratum granulosum. After this barrier has formed, the upper cell leaves the stratum granulosum. Future research could address how cells adopt the flattened Kelvin’s tetrakaidecahedron shape, and discover why tight junctions only form in one layer of the epidermis. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.19593.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Yokouchi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Nerima General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Atsugi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,KOSÉ Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mark van Logtestijn
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Reiko J Tanaka
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mayumi Kajimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Suematsu Gas Biology Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Suematsu Gas Biology Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikio Furuse
- Division of Cell Structure, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akiharu Kubo
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
The ichthyoses, also known as disorders of keratinization (DOK), encompass a heterogeneous group of skin diseases linked by the common finding of abnormal barrier function, which initiates a default compensatory pathway of hyperproliferation, resulting in the characteristic clinical manifestation of localized and/or generalized scaling. Additional cutaneous findings frequently seen in ichthyoses include generalized xerosis, erythroderma, palmoplantar keratoderma, hypohydrosis, and recurrent infections. In 2009, the Ichthyosis Consensus Conference established a classification consensus for DOK based on pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and mode of inheritance. This nomenclature system divides DOK into two main groups: nonsyndromic forms, with clinical findings limited to the skin, and syndromic forms, with involvement of additional organ systems. Advances in next-generation sequencing technology have allowed for more rapid and cost-effective genetic analysis, leading to the identification of novel, rare mutations that cause DOK, many of which represent phenotypic expansion. This review focuses on new findings in syndromic and nonsyndromic ichthyoses, with emphasis on novel genetic discoveries that provide insight into disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nareh V Marukian
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Keith A Choate
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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The role of barrier genes in epidermal malignancy. Oncogene 2016; 35:5705-5712. [PMID: 27041586 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The outermost layer of the mammalian skin, the epidermis, forms a protective barrier against pathogenic microbes and tissue dehydration. This barrier is formed and maintained by complex genetic networks that connect cellular differentiation processes, enzymatic activities and cellular junctions. Disruption in these networks affects the balance between keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation resulting in barrier function impairment, epidermal hyperproliferation and in some cases, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Recent studies in wound-induced inflammation-mediated cancers in mice have identified dysregulation of core barrier components as tumor drivers. We therefore propose a hypothesis in which loss of key barrier genes, induce barrier dysfunction, and promote inflammation-driven epidermal hyperplasia and carcinogenesis over time. This emerging vision suggests that under specific genetic circumstances, localized barrier impairment could be considered as a hallmark of initiating lesions in epidermal SCC.
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Abstract
Genetic skin diseases, or genodermatoses, often have extracutaneous manifestations. Ocular manifestations in particular can have significant clinical implications, like blindness. Other manifestations, such as the corneal opacities that occur in X-linked ichthyosis, are asymptomatic but characteristic of a particular genodermatosis. Ophthalmologic examination can aid in diagnosis when characteristic findings are seen. The genodermatoses with ocular manifestations will be reviewed, but neurocutaneous, syndromes, genetic pigmentary disorders, and genetic metabolic diseases are not included because they are covered elsewhere in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Jen
- Section of Pediatric Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Departments of Pediatrics and Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3550 Market St, Second floor, Philadelphia, PA, 19104.
| | - Sudha Nallasamy
- The Vision Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Blvd, MS #88, Los Angeles, CA, 90027
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Shibata A, Akiyama M. Epidemiology, medical genetics, diagnosis and treatment of harlequin ichthyosis in Japan. Pediatr Int 2015; 57:516-22. [PMID: 25857373 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ichthyoses are a group of disorders marked by whitish, brown or dark-brown scales on the skin of almost the whole body. Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is the most severe form. Neonatal death from HI was once common. Due to intensive neonatal care and, probably, to the early introduction of oral retinoids, HI outcome has improved. For definitive diagnosis and the exclusion of other disorders, such as lamellar ichthyosis, which also shows a collodion baby phenotype, it is helpful to refer to electron microscopy of abnormal or absent lamellar granules and a heavy accumulation of lipid droplets in the keratinocytes. ATP-binding cassette transporter A12 (ABCA12) is known as the causative gene of HI. Severe ABCA12 deficiency results in malformation of intercellular lipid layers in the cornified layers and leads to epidermal lipid barrier disruption. In HI patients, at least one mutation on each allele must be a truncation or deletion mutation to cause serious loss of ABCA12 function. Identification of the gene underlying HI has enabled DNA-based prenatal diagnosis for HI at the earlier stages of pregnancy with low risk. There are no curative treatments for HI. Abca12-deficient mice were created as a model of HI. Treatment of the model mice with retinoid or steroid has not been successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitaka Shibata
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masashi Akiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Rosenbaum T, Rosenbaum ER, Lienhart KL, Choate AI. Obstetric anesthesia for harlequin ichthyosis: a unique challenge. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 4:19-21. [PMID: 25611001 DOI: 10.1213/xaa.0000000000000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a rare disorder of defective lipid transport resulting in severe epidermal hyperkeratosis producing large plate-like scales. Although mortality is high, improved treatments have allowed some with HI to survive into their third and fourth decades. However, until this case, there have been no known reports of pregnancy followed by birth of a healthy neonate to a mother with HI. We report one of the only approximately 25 known current HI survivors worldwide unique in having carried a pregnancy to full term and outline challenges for the anesthesiologist during labor and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Rosenbaum
- From the *Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas; and †Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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Sugiura K, Akiyama M. Update on autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis: mRNA analysis using hair samples is a powerful tool for genetic diagnosis. J Dermatol Sci 2015; 79:4-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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