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Ababneh NA, Ali D, Al-Kurdi B, Sallam M, Alzibdeh AM, Salah B, Ryalat AT, Azab B, Sharrack B, Awidi A. Identification of APTX disease-causing mutation in two unrelated Jordanian families with cerebellar ataxia and sensitivity to DNA damaging agents. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236808. [PMID: 32750061 PMCID: PMC7402469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 1 (AOA1) is a rare autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia, caused by mutations in the APTX gene. The disease is characterized by early-onset cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia and severe axonal polyneuropathy. The aim of this study was to detect the disease-causing variants in two unrelated consanguineous Jordanian families with cerebellar ataxia using whole exome sequencing (WES), and to correlate the identified mutation(s) with the clinical and cellular phenotypes. Methods WES was performed in three affected individuals and segregation analysis of p.W279* APTX candidate variant was performed. Expression levels of APTX were measured in patients’ skin fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, followed by western blot analysis in skin fibroblasts. Genotoxicity assay was performed to detect the sensitivity of APTX mutated cells to H2O2, MMC, MMS and etoposide. Results A recurrent homozygous nonsense variant in APTX gene (c.837G>A, p.W279*) was revealed in all affected individuals. qRT-PCR showed normal APTX levels in peripheral blood and lower levels in fibroblast cells. However, western blot showed the absence of APTX protein in patients’ skin fibroblasts. Significant hypersensitivity to H2O2, MMC and etoposide and lack of sensitivity to MMS were noted. Conclusions This is the first study to report the identification of a nonsense variant in the APTX gene (c.837G>A; p.W279*) in AOA1 patients within the Jordanian population. This study confirmed the need of WES to assist in the diagnosis of cerebellar ataxia and it emphasizes the importance of studying the pathophysiology of the APTX gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidaa A. Ababneh
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- * E-mail: , (NAA); (AA)
| | - Dema Ali
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ban Al-Kurdi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Bareqa Salah
- General Surgery Department/Plastic & Reconstructive, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Belal Azab
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Basil Sharrack
- Academic Department of Neuroscience and Sheffield NIHR Neuroscience BRC, Royal Hallamshire Hospital and The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Abdalla Awidi
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratory, School of Medicine, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
- * E-mail: , (NAA); (AA)
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3
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Napoli B, Gumeni S, Forgiarini A, Fantin M, De Filippis C, Panzeri E, Vantaggiato C, Orso G. Naringenin Ameliorates Drosophila ReepA Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia-Linked Phenotypes. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1202. [PMID: 31803000 PMCID: PMC6877660 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane shaping and interaction with other organelles seem to be a crucial mechanism underlying Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia (HSP) neurodegeneration. REEP1, a transmembrane protein belonging to TB2/HVA22 family, is implicated in SPG31, an autosomal dominant form of HSP, and its interaction with Atlastin/SPG3A and Spastin/SPG4, the other two major HSP linked proteins, has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in modifying ER architecture. In addition, the Drosophila ortholog of REEP1, named ReepA, has been found to regulate the response to ER neuronal stress. Herein we investigated the role of ReepA in ER morphology and stress response. ReepA is upregulated under stress conditions and aging. Our data show that ReepA triggers a selective activation of Ire1 and Atf6 branches of Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and modifies ER morphology. Drosophila lacking ReepA showed Atf6 and Ire1 activation, expansion of ER sheet-like structures, locomotor dysfunction and shortened lifespan. Furthermore, we found that naringenin, a flavonoid that possesses strong antioxidant and neuroprotective activity, can rescue the cellular phenotypes, the lifespan and locomotor disability associated with ReepA loss of function. Our data highlight the importance of ER homeostasis in nervous system functionality and HSP neurodegenerative mechanisms, opening new opportunities for HSP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Napoli
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Sentiljana Gumeni
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alessia Forgiarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marianna Fantin
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Concetta De Filippis
- Foundation Institute of Pediatric Research, “Città della Speranza”, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Panzeri
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Chiara Vantaggiato
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Genny Orso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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4
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Renaud M, Moreira MC, Ben Monga B, Rodriguez D, Debs R, Charles P, Chaouch M, Ferrat F, Laurencin C, Vercueil L, Mallaret M, M'Zahem A, Pacha LA, Tazir M, Tilikete C, Ollagnon E, Ochsner F, Kuntzer T, Jung HH, Beis JM, Netter JC, Djamshidian A, Bower M, Bottani A, Walsh R, Murphy S, Reiley T, Bieth É, Roelens F, Poll-The BT, Lourenço CM, Jardim LB, Straussberg R, Landrieu P, Roze E, Thobois S, Pouget J, Guissart C, Goizet C, Dürr A, Tranchant C, Koenig M, Anheim M. Clinical, Biomarker, and Molecular Delineations and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations of Ataxia With Oculomotor Apraxia Type 1. JAMA Neurol 2019; 75:495-502. [PMID: 29356829 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.4373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Importance Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 1 (AOA1) is an autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia due to mutations in the aprataxin gene (APTX) that is characterized by early-onset cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, axonal motor neuropathy, and eventual decrease of albumin serum levels. Objectives To improve the clinical, biomarker, and molecular delineation of AOA1 and provide genotype-phenotype correlations. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective analysis included the clinical, biological (especially regarding biomarkers of the disease), electrophysiologic, imaging, and molecular data of all patients consecutively diagnosed with AOA1 in a single genetics laboratory from January 1, 2002, through December 31, 2014. Data were analyzed from January 1, 2015, through January 31, 2016. Main Outcomes and Measures The clinical, biological, and molecular spectrum of AOA1 and genotype-phenotype correlations. Results The diagnosis of AOA1 was confirmed in 80 patients (46 men [58%] and 34 women [42%]; mean [SD] age at onset, 7.7 [7.4] years) from 51 families, including 57 new (with 8 new mutations) and 23 previously described patients. Elevated levels of α-fetoprotein (AFP) were found in 33 patients (41%); hypoalbuminemia, in 50 (63%). Median AFP level was higher in patients with AOA1 (6.0 ng/mL; range, 1.1-17.0 ng/mL) than in patients without ataxia (3.4 ng/mL; range, 0.8-17.2 ng/mL; P < .01). Decreased albumin levels (ρ = -0.532) and elevated AFP levels (ρ = 0.637) were correlated with disease duration. The p.Trp279* mutation, initially reported as restricted to the Portuguese founder haplotype, was discovered in 53 patients with AOA1 (66%) with broad white racial origins. Oculomotor apraxia was found in 49 patients (61%); polyneuropathy, in 74 (93%); and cerebellar atrophy, in 78 (98%). Oculomotor apraxia correlated with the severity of ataxia and mutation type, being more frequent with deletion or truncating mutations (83%) than with presence of at least 1 missense variant (17%; P < .01). Mean (SD) age at onset was higher for patients with at least 1 missense mutation (17.7 [11.4] vs 5.2 [2.6] years; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance The AFP level, slightly elevated in a substantial fraction of patients, may constitute a new biomarker for AOA1. Oculomotor apraxia may be an optional finding in AOA1 and correlates with more severe disease. The p.Trp279* mutation is the most frequent APTX mutation in the white population. APTX missense mutations may be associated with a milder phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Renaud
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM)-U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Unité Mixte de Recherché (UMR) 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Maria-Céu Moreira
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM)-U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Unité Mixte de Recherché (UMR) 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Bondo Ben Monga
- Faculté de Médecine et Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Diana Rodriguez
- Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence de Neurogénétique, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Hôpitaux Universitaires Est Parisien, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Groupe de Recherch Clinique ConCer-LD, Sorbonne Universités, l'Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Université Paris 06, Paris, France.,Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement, INSERM U1141, Paris, France
| | - Rabab Debs
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital de La Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Perrine Charles
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital de La Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Malika Chaouch
- Service de Neurologie, Etablissement Hospitalier Spécialisé, Algers, Algeria
| | - Farida Ferrat
- Service de Neurologie, Etablissement Hospitalier Spécialisé de Ben Aknoun, Algers, Algeria
| | - Chloé Laurencin
- Service de Neurologie C, Hopital Neurologique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,CNRS, Institut des Sciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, Bron, France
| | - Laurent Vercueil
- Exploration Fonctionnelle du Système Nerveux, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Neurologie et Rééducation Neurologique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,INSERM U836, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Bâtiment Edmond J. Safra, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, La Tronche, France
| | - Martial Mallaret
- Exploration Fonctionnelle du Système Nerveux, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Neurologie et Rééducation Neurologique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Meriem Tazir
- Service de Neurologie, CHU Mustapha, Algers, Algeria
| | - Caroline Tilikete
- Service de Neuro-ophtalmologie, Hôpital Neurologique, CHU Lyon, Bron, France
| | | | | | | | - Hans H Jung
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Marie Beis
- Institut Régional de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, Centre de Lay-Saint-Christophe, France
| | | | - Atbin Djamshidian
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mattew Bower
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Armand Bottani
- Service de Génétique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Genève, Suisse
| | - Richard Walsh
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,National Ataxia Clinic, Adelaide and Meath Hospital Dublin, National Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead Murphy
- National Ataxia Clinic, Adelaide and Meath Hospital Dublin, National Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas Reiley
- Department of Public Health and Environment, Greeley, Colorado
| | - Éric Bieth
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hopital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Bwee Tien Poll-The
- Pediatric Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charles Marques Lourenço
- Neurogenetics Unit, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Bannach Jardim
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rachel Straussberg
- Neurogenetics Clinic, Department of Child Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Pierre Landrieu
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital de La Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Thobois
- Service de Neurologie C, Hopital Neurologique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,CNRS, Institut des Sciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, Bron, France
| | - Jean Pouget
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Claire Guissart
- Laboratoire de Génétique de Maladies Rares EA7402, Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cyril Goizet
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM U1211, Laboratoire Maladies Rares Génétique et Métabolisme, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandra Dürr
- Département de Génétique, Hôpital de La Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Christine Tranchant
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM)-U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Unité Mixte de Recherché (UMR) 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Koenig
- Laboratoire de Génétique de Maladies Rares EA7402, Institut Universitaire de Recherche Clinique, Université de Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Anheim
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM)-U964, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Unité Mixte de Recherché (UMR) 7104, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Fantin M, Garelli F, Napoli B, Forgiarini A, Gumeni S, De Martin S, Montopoli M, Vantaggiato C, Orso G. Flavonoids Regulate Lipid Droplets Biogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19852430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs), cytosolic fat storage organelles, are emerging as major regulators of lipid metabolism, trafficking, and signaling in various cells and tissues. LDs are altered in cardiovascular and neuronal disorders, inflammation, obesity, and cancer. Flavonoids comprise different classes of molecules, characterized by a well-known antioxidant activity and a beneficial effect in several diseases. However, the cellular mechanism by which different classes of flavonoids improve health is poorly understood, in particular as far as LDs biogenesis is concerned. Here we used Drosophila melanogaster as a model system to investigate the effects of a selected group of flavonoids on larval tissues by examining LDs biogenesis. In our study, fruit flies were grown in xanthohumol-, isoquercetin-, and genistein-enriched food and larval tissues were analyzed using a LD marker. Total mRNA expression of two main enzymes (minotaur and midway) responsible for triacylglycerides synthesis was evaluated after treatments. Among the flavonoids analyzed, xanthohumol and isoquercetin resulted to be potent regulators of LDs biogenesis in a tissue-specific manner, inducing fat storage decrease in fat bodies and accumulation of LDs in nerves. Since LDs have been suggested to play a protective role against intracellular stress in nonadipocyte cells, our data support the hypothesis that some phytochemicals could act as strong modulators of LDs biogenesis in vivo. The knowledge of how different flavonoids act on lipid metabolism in different tissues can help to manage the use of phytochemicals with the aim of selectively ameliorating specific neuronal and metabolic diseases’ manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Fantin
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Francesca Garelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Napoli
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Alessia Forgiarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Sentiljana Gumeni
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Sara De Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Monica Montopoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Vantaggiato
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy
| | - Genny Orso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
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6
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Sestili P, Calcabrini C, Diaz AR, Fimognari C, Stocchi V. The Fast-Halo Assay for the Detection of DNA Damage. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1644:75-93. [PMID: 28710754 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7187-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The need for express screening of the DNA damaging potential of chemicals has progressively increased over the past 20 years due to the wide number of new synthetic molecules to be evaluated, as well as the adoption of more stringent chemical regulations such as the EU REACH and risk reduction politics. In this regard, DNA diffusion assays such as the microelectrophoretic comet assay paved the way for rapid genotoxicity testing. A more significant simplification and speeding up of the experimental processes was achieved with the fast halo assay (FHA) described in the present chapter. FHA operates at the single cell level and relies on radial dispersion of the fragments of damaged DNA from intact nuclear DNA. The fragmented DNA is separated by diffusion in an alkaline solvent and is stained, visualized, and finally quantified using computer-assisted image analysis programs. This permits the rapid assessment of the extent of DNA breakage caused by different types of DNA lesions. FHA has proven to be sensitive, reliable, and flexible. This is currently one of the simplest, cheapest, and quickest assays for studying DNA damage and repair in living cells. It does not need expensive reagents or electrophoretic equipment and requires only 40 min to prepare samples for computer-based quantification. This technique can be particularly useful in rapid genotoxicity assessments and in high-throughput genotoxicity screenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Sestili
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Saffi, 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Calcabrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Saffi, 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Corso D'Augusto 237, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Diaz
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Saffi, 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Qualità della Vita, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Corso D'Augusto 237, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Saffi, 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
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