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Wu Z, Zhang Q, Wang H, Zhou S, Fu B, Fang L, Cheng JC, Sun YP. Growth differentiation factor-11 upregulates matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression by inducing Snail in human extravillous trophoblast cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 585:112190. [PMID: 38369181 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The human extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cell invasion is an important process during placentation. Although the placenta is normal tissue, the EVT cells exhibit some features common to cancer cells, including high migratory and invasive properties. Snail and Slug are transcription factors that mediate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a crucial event for cancer cell migration and invasion. It has been shown that GDF-11-induced matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) expression is required for EVT cell invasion. Whether GDF-11 can regulate Snail and Slug expression in human EVT cells remains unknown. If it does, the involvement of Snail and Slug in GDF-11-induced MMP2 expression and EVT cell invasion must also be defined. In the present study, using the immortalized human EVT cell line, HTR-8/SVneo, and primary cultures of human EVT cells as experimental models, our results show that GDF-11 upregulates Snail and Slug expression. ALK4 and ALK5 mediate the stimulatory effects of GDF-11 on Snail and Slug expression. In addition, we demonstrate that SMAD2 and SMAD3 are required for the GDF-11-upregulated Snail expression, while only SMAD3 is involved in GDF-11-induced Slug expression. Moreover, our results reveal that Snail mediates GDF-11-induced MMP2 expression and cell invasion but not Slug. This study increases our understanding of the biological function of GDF-11 in human EVT cells and provides a novel mechanism for regulating MMP2 and EVT cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bingxin Fu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jung-Chien Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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2
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Sosa J, Oyelakin A, Sinha S. The Reign of Follistatin in Tumors and Their Microenvironment: Implications for Drug Resistance. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:130. [PMID: 38392348 PMCID: PMC10887188 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Follistatin (FST) is a potent neutralizer of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily and is associated with normal cellular programs and various hallmarks of cancer, such as proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. The aberrant expression of FST by solid tumors is a well-documented observation, yet how FST influences tumor progression and therapy response remains unclear. The recent surge in omics data has revealed new insights into the molecular foundation underpinning tumor heterogeneity and its microenvironment, offering novel precision medicine-based opportunities to combat cancer. In this review, we discuss these recent FST-centric studies, thereby offering an updated perspective on the protean role of FST isoforms in shaping the complex cellular ecosystem of tumors and in mediating drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Sosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Akinsola Oyelakin
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Satrajit Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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3
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Szoszkiewicz A, Bukowska-Olech E, Jamsheer A. Molecular landscape of congenital vertebral malformations: recent discoveries and future directions. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:32. [PMID: 38291488 PMCID: PMC10829358 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03040-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Vertebral malformations (VMs) pose a significant global health problem, causing chronic pain and disability. Vertebral defects occur as isolated conditions or within the spectrum of various congenital disorders, such as Klippel-Feil syndrome, congenital scoliosis, spondylocostal dysostosis, sacral agenesis, and neural tube defects. Although both genetic abnormalities and environmental factors can contribute to abnormal vertebral development, our knowledge on molecular mechanisms of numerous VMs is still limited. Furthermore, there is a lack of resource that consolidates the current knowledge in this field. In this pioneering review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the latest research on the molecular basis of VMs and the association of the VMs-related causative genes with bone developmental signaling pathways. Our study identifies 118 genes linked to VMs, with 98 genes involved in biological pathways crucial for the formation of the vertebral column. Overall, the review summarizes the current knowledge on VM genetics, and provides new insights into potential involvement of biological pathways in VM pathogenesis. We also present an overview of available data regarding the role of epigenetic and environmental factors in VMs. We identify areas where knowledge is lacking, such as precise molecular mechanisms in which specific genes contribute to the development of VMs. Finally, we propose future research avenues that could address knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szoszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Ewelina Bukowska-Olech
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksander Jamsheer
- Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806, Poznan, Poland.
- Centers for Medical Genetics GENESIS, Dąbrowskiego 77A, 60-529, Poznan, Poland.
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4
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Driss LB, Lian J, Walker RG, Howard JA, Thompson TB, Rubin LL, Wagers AJ, Lee RT. GDF11 and aging biology - controversies resolved and pending. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2023; 3:42. [PMID: 38235060 PMCID: PMC10793994 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2023.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Since the exogenous administration of GDF11, a TGF-ß superfamily member, was reported to have beneficial effects in some models of human disease, there have been many research studies in GDF11 biology. However, many studies have now confirmed that exogenous administration of GDF11 can improve physiology in disease models, including cardiac fibrosis, experimental stroke, and disordered metabolism. GDF11 is similar to GDF8 (also called Myostatin), differing only by 11 amino acids in their mature signaling domains. These two proteins are now known to be biochemically different both in vitro and in vivo. GDF11 is much more potent than GDF8 and induces more strongly SMAD2 phosphorylation in the myocardium compared to GDF8. GDF8 and GDF11 prodomain are only 52% identical and are cleaved by different Tolloid proteases to liberate the mature signaling domain from inhibition of the prodomain. Here, we review the state of GDF11 biology, highlighting both resolved and remaining controversies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ben Driss
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - John Lian
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ryan G. Walker
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - James A. Howard
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Thomas B. Thompson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Lee L. Rubin
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Amy J. Wagers
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard T. Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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5
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Guo L, Salian S, Xue JY, Rath N, Rousseau J, Kim H, Ehresmann S, Moosa S, Nakagawa N, Kuroda H, Clayton-Smith J, Wang J, Wang Z, Banka S, Jackson A, Zhang YM, Wei ZJ, Hüning I, Brunet T, Ohashi H, Thomas MF, Bupp C, Miyake N, Matsumoto N, Mendoza-Londono R, Costain G, Hahn G, Di Donato N, Yigit G, Yamada T, Nishimura G, Ansel KM, Wollnik B, Hrabě de Angelis M, Mégarbané A, Rosenfeld JA, Heissmeyer V, Ikegawa S, Campeau PM. Null and missense mutations of ERI1 cause a recessive phenotypic dichotomy in humans. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:1068-1085. [PMID: 37352860 PMCID: PMC10357479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
ERI1 is a 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease involved in RNA metabolic pathways including 5.8S rRNA processing and turnover of histone mRNAs. Its biological and medical significance remain unclear. Here, we uncover a phenotypic dichotomy associated with bi-allelic ERI1 variants by reporting eight affected individuals from seven unrelated families. A severe spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD) was identified in five affected individuals with missense variants but not in those with bi-allelic null variants, who showed mild intellectual disability and digital anomalies. The ERI1 missense variants cause a loss of the exoribonuclease activity, leading to defective trimming of the 5.8S rRNA 3' end and a decreased degradation of replication-dependent histone mRNAs. Affected-individual-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) showed impaired in vitro chondrogenesis with downregulation of genes regulating skeletal patterning. Our study establishes an entity previously unreported in OMIM and provides a model showing a more severe effect of missense alleles than null alleles within recessive genotypes, suggesting a key role of ERI1-mediated RNA metabolism in human skeletal patterning and chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Guo
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Center of Medical Genetics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, the Affiliated Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710003, China.
| | - Smrithi Salian
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, 3175 Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Jing-Yi Xue
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Nicola Rath
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Justine Rousseau
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, 3175 Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Hyunyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, 3175 Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Sophie Ehresmann
- Molecular Biology Program, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Shahida Moosa
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Stellenbosch University and Medical Genetics, Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Norio Nakagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, North Medical Center, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuroda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto 604-8845, Japan
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Foundation NHS Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, M13 9WL Manchester, UK; Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Foundation NHS Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, M13 9WL Manchester, UK; Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK
| | - Adam Jackson
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Foundation NHS Trust, Health Innovation Manchester, M13 9WL Manchester, UK; Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, UK
| | - Yan-Min Zhang
- Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710082, China
| | - Zhen-Jie Wei
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Irina Hüning
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Theresa Brunet
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany; Department of Paediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Hirofumi Ohashi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Saitama Children's Hospital, Saitama 330-8777, Japan
| | - Molly F Thomas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Caleb Bupp
- Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Noriko Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Roberto Mendoza-Londono
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, and Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Gregory Costain
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Gabriele Hahn
- Institute for Radiological Diagnostics, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nataliya Di Donato
- Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gökhan Yigit
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Takahiro Yamada
- Department of Medical Ethics and Medical Genetics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - K Mark Ansel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Bernd Wollnik
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Experimental Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - André Mégarbané
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, 1102-2801, Lebanon and Institut Jerome Lejeune, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, TX 77021, USA
| | - Vigo Heissmeyer
- Research Unit Molecular Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-81377 Munich, Germany; Institute for Immunology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Philippe M Campeau
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, 3175 Cote-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
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6
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Machelak W, Szczepaniak A, Jacenik D, Zielińska M. The role of GDF11 during inflammation – An overview. Life Sci 2023; 322:121650. [PMID: 37011872 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
GDF11 (Growth differentiation factor 11) is a newly discovered member of family of transforming growth factors-beta. Its crucial role was confirmed in physiology, i.e. embryogenesis due to its involvement in bone formation, skeletogenesis and it is essential to stating skeletal pattern. GDF11 is described as a rejuvenating and anti-aging molecule, that could even restore functions. Beside embryogenesis, GDF11 participates in the process of inflammation and carcinogenesis. In this review, we describe its involvement in regulation of acute and chronic inflammatory disorders. An anti-inflammatory effect of GDF11 was found in experimental colitis, psoriasis and arthritis. Current data regarding liver fibrosis and renal injury indicate that GDF11 may act as pro-inflammatory agent.
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7
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Ishorst N, Henschel L, Thieme F, Drichel D, Sivalingam S, Mehrem SL, Fechtner AC, Fazaal J, Welzenbach J, Heimbach A, Maj C, Borisov O, Hausen J, Raff R, Hoischen A, Dixon M, Rada-Iglesias A, Bartusel M, Rojas-Martinez A, Aldhorae K, Braumann B, Kruse T, Kirschneck C, Spanier G, Reutter H, Nowak S, Gölz L, Knapp M, Buness A, Krawitz P, Nöthen MM, Nothnagel M, Becker T, Ludwig KU, Mangold E. Identification of de novo variants in nonsyndromic cleft lip with/without cleft palate patients with low polygenic risk scores. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2023; 11:e2109. [PMID: 36468602 PMCID: PMC10009911 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsyndromic cleft lip with/without cleft palate (nsCL/P) is a congenital malformation of multifactorial etiology. Research has identified >40 genome-wide significant risk loci, which explain less than 40% of nsCL/P heritability. Studies show that some of the hidden heritability is explained by rare penetrant variants. METHODS To identify new candidate genes, we searched for highly penetrant de novo variants (DNVs) in 50 nsCL/P patient/parent-trios with a low polygenic risk for the phenotype (discovery). We prioritized DNV-carrying candidate genes from the discovery for resequencing in independent cohorts of 1010 nsCL/P patients of diverse ethnicities and 1574 population-matched controls (replication). Segregation analyses and rare variant association in the replication cohort, in combination with additional data (genome-wide association data, expression, protein-protein-interactions), were used for final prioritization. CONCLUSION In the discovery step, 60 DNVs were identified in 60 genes, including a variant in the established nsCL/P risk gene CDH1. Re-sequencing of 32 prioritized genes led to the identification of 373 rare, likely pathogenic variants. Finally, MDN1 and PAXIP1 were prioritized as top candidates. Our findings demonstrate that DNV detection, including polygenic risk score analysis, is a powerful tool for identifying nsCL/P candidate genes, which can also be applied to other multifactorial congenital malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Ishorst
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Leonie Henschel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frederic Thieme
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dmitriy Drichel
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sugirthan Sivalingam
- Core Unit for Bioinformatic Analysis, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah L Mehrem
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ariane C Fechtner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Fazaal
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Welzenbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - André Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carlo Maj
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oleg Borisov
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jonas Hausen
- Core Unit for Bioinformatic Analysis, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ruth Raff
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Hoischen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Dixon
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Alvaro Rada-Iglesias
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), CSIC/University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Michaela Bartusel
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Augusto Rojas-Martinez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico.,Centro de Investigacion y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Khalid Aldhorae
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen.,Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Ibn al-Nafis for Medical Sciences, Sanaa, Yemen
| | - Bert Braumann
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Orthodontics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Teresa Kruse
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Orthodontics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Gerrit Spanier
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Reutter
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Nowak
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Orthodontics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Knapp
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Buness
- Core Unit for Bioinformatic Analysis, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Krawitz
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Nothnagel
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tim Becker
- Institute of Community Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kerstin U Ludwig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Mangold
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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8
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Lian J, Walker RG, D'Amico A, Vujic A, Mills MJ, Messemer KA, Mendello KR, Goldstein JM, Leacock KA, Epp S, Stimpfl EV, Thompson TB, Wagers AJ, Lee RT. Functional substitutions of amino acids that differ between GDF11 and GDF8 impact skeletal development and skeletal muscle. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201662. [PMID: 36631218 PMCID: PMC9834663 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and GDF8 (MSTN) are closely related TGF-β family proteins that interact with nearly identical signaling receptors and antagonists. However, GDF11 appears to activate SMAD2/3 more potently than GDF8 in vitro and in vivo. The ligands possess divergent structural properties, whereby substituting unique GDF11 amino acids into GDF8 enhanced the activity of the resulting chimeric GDF8. We investigated potentially distinct endogenous activities of GDF11 and GDF8 in vivo by genetically modifying their mature signaling domains. Full recoding of GDF8 to that of GDF11 yielded mice lacking GDF8, with GDF11 levels ∼50-fold higher than normal, and exhibiting modestly decreased muscle mass, with no apparent negative impacts on health or survival. Substitution of two specific amino acids in the fingertip region of GDF11 with the corresponding GDF8 residues resulted in prenatal axial skeletal transformations, consistent with Gdf11-deficient mice, without apparent perturbation of skeletal or cardiac muscle development or homeostasis. These experiments uncover distinctive features between the GDF11 and GDF8 mature domains in vivo and identify a specific requirement for GDF11 in early-stage skeletal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Lian
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ryan G Walker
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrea D'Amico
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ana Vujic
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Melanie J Mills
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen A Messemer
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kourtney R Mendello
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jill M Goldstein
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Krystynne A Leacock
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Soraya Epp
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emma V Stimpfl
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas B Thompson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Amy J Wagers
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard T Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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9
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Bajikar SS, Anderson AG, Zhou J, Durham MA, Trostle AJ, Wan YW, Liu Z, Zoghbi HY. MeCP2 regulates Gdf11, a dosage-sensitive gene critical for neurological function. eLife 2023; 12:e83806. [PMID: 36848184 PMCID: PMC9977283 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss- and gain-of-function of MeCP2 causes Rett syndrome (RTT) and MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS), respectively. MeCP2 binds methyl-cytosines to finely tune gene expression in the brain, but identifying genes robustly regulated by MeCP2 has been difficult. By integrating multiple transcriptomics datasets, we revealed that MeCP2 finely regulates growth differentiation factor 11 (Gdf11). Gdf11 is down-regulated in RTT mouse models and, conversely, up-regulated in MDS mouse models. Strikingly, genetically normalizing Gdf11 dosage levels improved several behavioral deficits in a mouse model of MDS. Next, we discovered that losing one copy of Gdf11 alone was sufficient to cause multiple neurobehavioral deficits in mice, most notably hyperactivity and decreased learning and memory. This decrease in learning and memory was not due to changes in proliferation or numbers of progenitor cells in the hippocampus. Lastly, loss of one copy of Gdf11 decreased survival in mice, corroborating its putative role in aging. Our data demonstrate that Gdf11 dosage is important for brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer S Bajikar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s HospitalHoustonUnited States
| | - Ashley G Anderson
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s HospitalHoustonUnited States
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s HospitalHoustonUnited States
| | - Mark A Durham
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s HospitalHoustonUnited States
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Alexander J Trostle
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s HospitalHoustonUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Ying-Wooi Wan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s HospitalHoustonUnited States
| | - Zhandong Liu
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s HospitalHoustonUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Huda Y Zoghbi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s HospitalHoustonUnited States
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
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10
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Li M, Olotu J, Buxo-Martinez CJ, Mossey PA, Anand D, Busch T, Alade A, Gowans LJJ, Eshete M, Adeyemo WL, Naicker T, Awotoye WO, Gupta S, Adeleke C, Bravo V, Huang S, Adamson OO, Toraño AM, Bello CA, Soto M, Soto M, Ledesma R, Marquez M, Cordero JF, Lopez-Del Valle LM, Salcedo MI, Debs N, Petrin A, Malloy H, Elhadi K, James O, Ogunlewe MO, Abate F, Hailu A, Mohammed I, Gravem P, Deribew M, Gesses M, Hassan M, Pape J, Obiri-Yeboah S, Arthur FKN, Oti AA, Donkor P, Marazita ML, Lachke SA, Adeyemo AA, Murray JC, Butali A. Variant analyses of candidate genes in orofacial clefts in multi-ethnic populations. Oral Dis 2022; 28:1921-1935. [PMID: 34061439 PMCID: PMC9733635 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cleft lip with/without cleft palate and cleft palate only is congenital birth defects where the upper lip and/or palate fail to fuse properly during embryonic facial development. Affecting ~1.2/1000 live births worldwide, these orofacial clefts impose significant social and financial burdens on affected individuals and their families. Orofacial clefts have a complex etiology resulting from genetic variants combined with environmental covariates. Recent genome-wide association studies and whole-exome sequencing for orofacial clefts identified significant genetic associations and variants in several genes. Of these, we investigated the role of common/rare variants in SHH, RORA, MRPL53, ACVR1, and GDF11. MATERIALS AND METHODS We sequenced these five genes in 1255 multi-ethnic cleft lip with/without palate and cleft palate only samples in order to find variants that may provide potential explanations for the missing heritability of orofacial clefts. Rare and novel variants were further analyzed using in silico predictive tools. RESULTS Ninteen total variants of interest were found, with variant types including stop-gain, missense, synonymous, intronic, and splice-site variants. Of these, 3 novel missense variants were found, one in SHH, one in RORA, and one in GDF11. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that variants in SHH, RORA, MRPL53, ACVR1, and GDF11 may contribute to risk of orofacial clefts in various populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Joy Olotu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - Carmen J Buxo-Martinez
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Peter A Mossey
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Deepti Anand
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Tamara Busch
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Azeez Alade
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Lord J J Gowans
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Mekonen Eshete
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wasiu L Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Thirona Naicker
- Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Waheed O Awotoye
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sagar Gupta
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Chinyere Adeleke
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Valeria Bravo
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Siyong Huang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Olatunbosun O Adamson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Mairim Soto
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Marilyn Soto
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Ricardo Ledesma
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Myrellis Marquez
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Jose F Cordero
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Lydia M Lopez-Del Valle
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Maria I Salcedo
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Natalio Debs
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, University of Puerto Rico School of Dental Medicine, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Aline Petrin
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Hannah Malloy
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Khalid Elhadi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Olutayo James
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Mobolanle O Ogunlewe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fekir Abate
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abiye Hailu
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ibrahim Mohammed
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Paul Gravem
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Milliard Deribew
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mulualem Gesses
- College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mohaned Hassan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - John Pape
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Solomon Obiri-Yeboah
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Fareed K N Arthur
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Alexander A Oti
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Peter Donkor
- Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Departments of Oral Biology and Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Salil A Lachke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Adebowale A Adeyemo
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- National Human Genomic Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Azeez Butali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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11
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Wu Z, Fang L, Yang S, Gao Y, Wang Z, Meng Q, Dang X, Sun YP, Cheng JC. GDF-11 promotes human trophoblast cell invasion by increasing ID2-mediated MMP2 expression. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:89. [PMID: 35705978 PMCID: PMC9202197 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth differentiation factor-11 (GDF-11), also known as bone morphogenetic protein-11, belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. GDF-11 was first identified as an important regulator during embryonic development. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that GDF-11 regulates the development of various organs and its aberrant expressions are associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells invasion is a critical event for placenta development and needs to be finely regulated. However, to date, the biological function of GDF-11 in the human EVT cells remains unknown. METHODS HTR-8/SVneo, a human EVT cell line, and primary cultures of human EVT cells were used to examine the effect of GDF-11 on matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) expression. Matrigel-coated transwell invasion assay was used to examine cell invasiveness. A series of in vitro experiments were applied to explore the underlying mechanisms that mediate the effect of GDF-11 on MMP2 expression and cell invasion. RESULTS Treatment with GDF-11 stimulates MMP2 expression, in the HTR-8/SVneo and primary human EVT cells. Using a pharmacological inhibitor and siRNA-mediated knockdown approaches, our results demonstrated that the stimulatory effect of GDF-11 on MMP2 expression was mediated by the ALK4/5-SMAD2/3 signaling pathways. In addition, the expression of inhibitor of DNA-binding protein 2 (ID2) was upregulated by GDF-11 and that was required for the GDF-11-stimulated MMP2 expression and EVT cell invasion. CONCLUSIONS These findings discover a new biological function and underlying molecular mechanisms of GDF-11 in the regulation of human EVT cell invasion. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Sizhu Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Qingxue Meng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xuan Dang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jung-Chien Cheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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12
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Lace B, Pajusalu S, Livcane D, Grinfelde I, Akota I, Mauliņa I, Barkāne B, Stavusis J, Inashkina I. Monogenic Versus Multifactorial Inheritance in the Development of Isolated Cleft Palate: A Whole Genome Sequencing Study. Front Genet 2022; 13:828534. [PMID: 35281813 PMCID: PMC8907258 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.828534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial morphogenesis is highly complex, as is the anatomical region involved. Errors during this process, resulting in orofacial clefts, occur in more than 400 genetic syndromes. Some cases of cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) are caused by mutations in single genes; however, complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors are considered to be responsible for the majority of non-syndromic CLP development. The aim of the current study was to identify genetic risk factors in patients with isolated cleft palate (CP) by whole genome sequencing. Patients with isolated CP (n = 30) recruited from the Riga Cleft Lip and Palate Centre, Institute of Stomatology, Riga, were analyzed by whole genome sequencing. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were discovered in genes associated with CP (TBX22, COL2A1, FBN1, PCGF2, and KMT2D) in five patients; hence, rare disease variants were identified in 17% of patients with non-syndromic isolated CP. Our results were relevant to routine genetic counselling practice and genetic testing recommendations. Based on our data, we propose that all newborns with orofacial clefts should be offered genetic testing, at least for a panel of known CLP genes. Only if the results are negative and there is no suggestive family history or additional clinical symptoms (which would support additional exome or genome-wide investigation), should multifactorial empiric recurrence risk prediction tools be applied for families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiba Lace
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
- *Correspondence: Baiba Lace, , orcid.org/0000-0001-5371-6756
| | - Sander Pajusalu
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Diana Livcane
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ieva Grinfelde
- Cleft, Lip and Palate Center, Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins’University, Riga, Latvia
- Medical Genetics Clinic, Children’s Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ilze Akota
- Cleft, Lip and Palate Center, Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins’University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ieva Mauliņa
- Cleft, Lip and Palate Center, Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins’University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Biruta Barkāne
- Cleft, Lip and Palate Center, Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins’University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Janis Stavusis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Inna Inashkina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
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13
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Leslie EJ. Genetic models and approaches to study orofacial clefts. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1327-1338. [PMID: 34923716 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are common craniofacial birth defects with heterogeneous phenotype and etiology. Geneticists have applied nearly every available method and technology to further our understanding of the genetic architectures of OFCs. OBJECTIVE This review describes the evidence for a genetic etiology in OFCs, statistical genetic approaches employed to identify genetic causes, and how the results have shaped our current understanding of the genetic architectures of syndromic and nonsyndromic OFCs. CONCLUSION There has been rapid progress towards elucidating the genetic architectures of OFCs due to the availability of large collections of DNA samples from cases, controls, and families with OFCs and the consistent adoption of new methodologies and novel statistical approaches as they are developed. Genetic studies have identified rare and common variants influencing risk of OFCs in both Mendelian and complex forms of OFCs, blurring the distinctions traditional categories used in genetic studies and clinical medicine.
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14
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Avasthi KK, Muthuswamy S, Asim A, Agarwal A, Agarwal S. Identification of Novel Genomic Variations in Susceptibility to Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate Patients. Pediatr Rep 2021; 13:650-657. [PMID: 34941638 PMCID: PMC8703930 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric13040077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P) is a multifactorial and common birth malformation caused by genetic and environmental factors, as well as by teratogens. Genome-wide association studies found genetic variations with modulatory effects of NSCL/P formation in Chinese and Iranian populations. We aimed to identify the susceptibility of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate in the Indian population. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present study was conducted on NSCL/P cases and controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and Axiom- Precision Medicine Research Array (PMRA) was performed. The Axiom-PMRA covers 902,527 markers and several thousand novel risk variants. Quality control-passed samples were included for candidate genetic variation identification, gene functional enrichment, and pathway and network analysis. RESULTS The genome-wide association study identified fourteen novel candidate gene SNPs that showed the most significant association with the risk of NSCL/P, and eight were predicted to have regulatory sequences. CONCLUSION The GWAS study showed novel candidate genetic variations in NSCL/P formations. These findings contribute to the understanding of genetic predisposition to nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil Kumar Avasthi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India; (K.K.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Srinivasan Muthuswamy
- Department of Life Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769001, Odisha, India;
| | - Ambreen Asim
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India; (K.K.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Amit Agarwal
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Vivekananda Polyclinic and Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226007, India;
| | - Sarita Agarwal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India; (K.K.A.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-0522-2494356
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15
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Ravenscroft TA, Phillips JB, Fieg E, Bajikar SS, Peirce J, Wegner J, Luna AA, Fox EJ, Yan YL, Rosenfeld JA, Zirin J, Kanca O, Benke PJ, Cameron ES, Strehlow V, Platzer K, Jamra RA, Klöckner C, Osmond M, Licata T, Rojas S, Dyment D, Chong JSC, Lincoln S, Stoler JM, Postlethwait JH, Wangler MF, Yamamoto S, Krier J, Westerfield M, Bellen HJ. Heterozygous loss-of-function variants significantly expand the phenotypes associated with loss of GDF11. Genet Med 2021; 23:1889-1900. [PMID: 34113007 PMCID: PMC8487929 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01216-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a key signaling protein required for proper development of many organ systems. Only one prior study has associated an inherited GDF11 variant with a dominant human disease in a family with variable craniofacial and vertebral abnormalities. Here, we expand the phenotypic spectrum associated with GDF11 variants and document the nature of the variants. METHODS We present a cohort of six probands with de novo and inherited nonsense/frameshift (4/6 patients) and missense (2/6) variants in GDF11. We generated gdf11 mutant zebrafish to model loss of gdf11 phenotypes and used an overexpression screen in Drosophila to test variant functionality. RESULTS Patients with variants in GDF11 presented with craniofacial (5/6), vertebral (5/6), neurological (6/6), visual (4/6), cardiac (3/6), auditory (3/6), and connective tissue abnormalities (3/6). gdf11 mutant zebrafish show craniofacial abnormalities and body segmentation defects that match some patient phenotypes. Expression of the patients' variants in the fly showed that one nonsense variant in GDF11 is a severe loss-of-function (LOF) allele whereas the missense variants in our cohort are partial LOF variants. CONCLUSION GDF11 is needed for human development, particularly neuronal development, and LOF GDF11 alleles can affect the development of numerous organs and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Ravenscroft
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Sameer S Bajikar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Judy Peirce
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Jeremy Wegner
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Alia A Luna
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Eric J Fox
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Yi-Lin Yan
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Zirin
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oguz Kanca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul J Benke
- Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, FL, USA
| | | | - Vincent Strehlow
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Konrad Platzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chiara Klöckner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthew Osmond
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Licata
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samantha Rojas
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Dyment
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Josephine S C Chong
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Baylor College of Medicine Joint Center of Medical Genetics, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, The People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | - Michael F Wangler
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joel Krier
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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16
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Characterization of tolloid-mediated cleavage of the GDF8 procomplex. Biochem J 2021; 478:1733-1747. [PMID: 33876824 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), a.k.a. myostatin, is a member of the larger TGFβ superfamily of signaling ligands. GDF8 has been well characterized as a negative regulator of muscle mass. After synthesis, GDF8 is held latent by a noncovalent complex between the N-terminal prodomain and the signaling ligand. Activation of latent GDF8 requires proteolytic cleavage of the prodomain at residue D99 by a member of the tolloid family of metalloproteases. While tolloid proteases cleave multiple substrates, they lack a conserved consensus sequence. Here, we investigate the tolloid cleavage site of the GDF8 prodomain to determine what residues contribute to tolloid recognition and subsequent proteolysis. Using sequential alanine mutations, we identified several residues adjacent to the scissile bond, including Y94, that when mutated, abolish tolloid-mediated activation of latent GDF8. Using the astacin domain of Tll1 (Tolloid Like 1) we determined that prodomain mutants were more resistant to proteolysis. Purified latent complexes harboring the prodomain mutations, D92A and Y94A, impeded activation by tolloid but could be fully activated under acidic conditions. Finally, we show that co-expression of GDF8 WT with prodomain mutants that were tolloid resistant, suppressed GDF8 activity. Taken together our data demonstrate that residues towards the N-terminus of the scissile bond are important for tolloid-mediated activation of GDF8 and that the tolloid-resistant version of the GDF8 prodomain can function dominant negative to WT GDF8.
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17
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Sundercombe SL, Berbic M, Evans CA, Cliffe C, Elakis G, Temple SEL, Selvanathan A, Ewans L, Quayum N, Nixon CY, Dias KR, Lang S, Richards A, Goh S, Wilson M, Mowat D, Sachdev R, Sandaradura S, Walsh M, Farrar MA, Walsh R, Fletcher J, Kirk EP, Teunisse GM, Schofield D, Buckley MF, Zhu Y, Roscioli T. Clinically Responsive Genomic Analysis Pipelines: Elements to Improve Detection Rate and Efficiency. J Mol Diagn 2021; 23:894-905. [PMID: 33962052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Massively parallel sequencing has markedly improved mendelian diagnostic rates. This study assessed the effects of custom alterations to a diagnostic genomic bioinformatic pipeline in response to clinical need and derived practice recommendations relative to diagnostic rates and efficiency. The Genomic Annotation and Interpretation Application (GAIA) bioinformatics pipeline was designed to detect panel, exome, and genome sample integrity and prioritize gene variants in mendelian disorders. Reanalysis of selected negative cases was performed after improvements to the pipeline. GAIA improvements and their effect on sensitivity are described, including addition of a PubMed search for gene-disease associations not in the Online Mendelian Inheritance of Man database, inclusion of a process for calling low-quality variants (known as QPatch), and gene symbol nomenclature consistency checking. The new pipeline increased the diagnostic rate and reduced staff costs, resulting in a saving of US$844.34 per additional diagnosis. Recommendations for genomic analysis pipeline requirements are summarized. Clinically responsive bioinformatics pipeline improvements increase diagnostic sensitivity and increase cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Berbic
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carey-Anne Evans
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Corrina Cliffe
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - George Elakis
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Suzanna E L Temple
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Arthavan Selvanathan
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lisa Ewans
- Department of Medical Genomics, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Central Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nila Quayum
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cheng-Yee Nixon
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kerith-Rae Dias
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah Lang
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna Richards
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shuxiang Goh
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Meredith Wilson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Mowat
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rani Sachdev
- Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah Sandaradura
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maie Walsh
- Genetic Medicine Department, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle A Farrar
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia; Neurology Department, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca Walsh
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Janice Fletcher
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Edwin P Kirk
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guus M Teunisse
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deborah Schofield
- Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine, Macquarie Business School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Francis Buckley
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ying Zhu
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Genetics of Learning Disability Service, Hunter Genetics, Waratah Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tony Roscioli
- NSW Health Pathology Randwick Genomics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Randwick, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.
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18
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Gowans LJJ, Al Dhaheri N, Li M, Busch T, Obiri-Yeboah S, Oti AA, Sabbah DK, Arthur FKN, Awotoye WO, Alade AA, Twumasi P, Agbenorku P, Plange-Rhule G, Naicker T, Donkor P, Murray JC, Sobreira NLM, Butali A. Co-occurrence of orofacial clefts and clubfoot phenotypes in a sub-Saharan African cohort: Whole-exome sequencing implicates multiple syndromes and genes. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1655. [PMID: 33719213 PMCID: PMC8123728 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are congenital malformations of the face and palate, with an incidence of 1 per 700 live births. Clubfoot or congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) is a three‐dimensional abnormality of the leg, ankle, and feet that leads to the anomalous positioning of foot and ankle joints and has an incidence of 1 per 1000 live births. OFCs and CTEV may occur together or separately in certain genetic syndromes in addition to other congenital abnormalities. Here, we sought to decipher the genetic etiology of OFC and CTEV that occurred together in six probands. Methods At the time of recruitment, the most clinically obvious congenital anomalies in these individuals were the OFC and CTEV. We carried out whole‐exome sequencing (WES) on DNA samples from probands and available parents employing the Agilent SureSelect XT kit and Illumina HiSeq2500 platform, followed by bioinformatics analyses. WES variants were validated by clinical Sanger Sequencing. Results Of the six probands, we observed probable pathogenic genetic variants in four. In three probands with probable pathogenic genetic variants, each individual had variants in three different genes, whereas one proband had probable pathogenic variant in just one gene. In one proband, we observed variants in DIS3L2, a gene associated with Perlman syndrome. A second proband had variants in EPG5 (associated with Vici Syndrome), BARX1 and MKI67, while another proband had potentially etiologic variants in FRAS1 (associated with Fraser Syndrome 1), TCOF1 (associated with Treacher Collins Syndrome 1) and MKI67. The last proband had variants in FRAS1, PRDM16 (associated with Cardiomyopathy, dilated, 1LL/Left ventricular noncompaction 8) and CHD7 (associated with CHARGE syndrome/Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 5 with or without anosmia). Conclusion Our results suggest that clubfoot and OFCs are two congenital abnormalities that can co‐occur in certain individuals with varying genetic causes and expressivity, warranting the need for deep phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lord J J Gowans
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Dental School, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.,Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Noura Al Dhaheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Tamara Busch
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Solomon Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Dental School, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Alexander A Oti
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Dental School, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Daniel K Sabbah
- Department of Orthodontics and Child Oral Health, Dental School, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Fareed K N Arthur
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Waheed O Awotoye
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Azeez A Alade
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Peter Twumasi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Pius Agbenorku
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Gyikua Plange-Rhule
- Department of Child Health, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Thirona Naicker
- Department of Pediatrics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Peter Donkor
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Dental School, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.,Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Jeffrey C Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Nara L M Sobreira
- Department of Medical Genetics, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Azeez Butali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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19
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Gipson GR, Goebel EJ, Hart KN, Kappes EC, Kattamuri C, McCoy JC, Thompson TB. Structural perspective of BMP ligands and signaling. Bone 2020; 140:115549. [PMID: 32730927 PMCID: PMC7502536 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are the largest class signaling molecules within the greater Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGFβ) family, and are responsible for a wide array of biological functions, including dorsal-ventral patterning, skeletal development and maintenance, as well as cell homeostasis. As such, dysregulation of BMPs results in a number of diseases, including fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Therefore, understanding BMP signaling and regulation at the molecular level is essential for targeted therapeutic intervention. This review discusses the recent advances in the structural and biochemical characterization of BMPs, from canonical ligand-receptor interactions to co-receptors and antagonists. This work aims to highlight how BMPs differ from other members of the TGFβ family, and how that information can be used to further advance the field. Lastly, this review discusses several gaps in the current understanding of BMP structures, with the aim that discussion of these gaps will lead to advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory R Gipson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Medical Sciences Building, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Erich J Goebel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Medical Sciences Building, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Kaitlin N Hart
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Medical Sciences Building, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Emily C Kappes
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Medical Sciences Building, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Chandramohan Kattamuri
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Medical Sciences Building, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Jason C McCoy
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Medical Sciences Building, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Thomas B Thompson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry, and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati, Medical Sciences Building, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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20
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Similar sequences but dissimilar biological functions of GDF11 and myostatin. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1673-1693. [PMID: 33077875 PMCID: PMC8080601 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-00516-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and myostatin (MSTN) are closely related TGFβ family members that are often believed to serve similar functions due to their high homology. However, genetic studies in animals provide clear evidence that they perform distinct roles. While the loss of Mstn leads to hypermuscularity, the deletion of Gdf11 results in abnormal skeletal patterning and organ development. The perinatal lethality of Gdf11-null mice, which contrasts with the long-term viability of Mstn-null mice, has led most research to focus on utilizing recombinant GDF11 proteins to investigate the postnatal functions of GDF11. However, the reported outcomes of the exogenous application of recombinant GDF11 proteins are controversial partly because of the different sources and qualities of recombinant GDF11 used and because recombinant GDF11 and MSTN proteins are nearly indistinguishable due to their similar structural and biochemical properties. Here, we analyze the similarities and differences between GDF11 and MSTN from an evolutionary point of view and summarize the current understanding of the biological processing, signaling, and physiological functions of GDF11 and MSTN. Finally, we discuss the potential use of recombinant GDF11 as a therapeutic option for a wide range of medical conditions and the possible adverse effects of GDF11 inhibition mediated by MSTN inhibitors.
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21
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Chen W, Wang H, Feng J, Chen L. Overexpression of circRNA circUCK2 Attenuates Cell Apoptosis in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via miR-125b-5p/GDF11 Signaling. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 22:673-683. [PMID: 33230465 PMCID: PMC7585838 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are expressed at high levels in the brain and are involved in various central nervous system diseases. However, the potential role of circRNAs in ischemic stroke-associated neuronal injury remains largely unknown. Herein, we uncovered the function and underlying mechanism of the circRNA UCK2 (circUCK2) in ischemia stroke. The oxygen-glucose deprivation model in HT-22 cells was used to mimic ischemia stroke in vitro. Neuronal viability and apoptosis were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling) staining, respectively. Middle cerebral artery occlusion was conducted to evaluate the function of circUCK2 in mice. The levels of circUCK2 were significantly decreased in brain tissues from a mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Upregulated circUCK2 levels significantly decreased infarct volumes, attenuated neuronal injury, and improved neurological deficits. circUCK2 reduced oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced cell apoptosis by regulating transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (Smad3) signaling. Furthermore, circUCK2 functioned as an endogenous miR-125b-5p sponge to inhibit miR-125b-5p activity, resulting in an increase in growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) expression and a subsequent amelioration of neuronal injury. Consequently, these findings showed that the circUCK2/miR-125b-5p/GDF11 axis is an essential signaling pathway during ischemia stroke. Thus, the circRNA circUCK2 may serve as a potential target for novel treatment in patients with ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanghao Chen
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jia Feng
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Lukui Chen
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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22
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van Rooij IALM, Ludwig KU, Welzenbach J, Ishorst N, Thonissen M, Galesloot TE, Ongkosuwito E, Bergé SJ, Aldhorae K, Rojas-Martinez A, Kiemeney LALM, Vermeesch JR, Brunner H, Roeleveld N, Devriendt K, Dormaar T, Hens G, Knapp M, Carels C, Mangold E. Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip with or without Cleft Palate: Genome-Wide Association Study in Europeans Identifies a Suggestive Risk Locus at 16p12.1 and Supports SH3PXD2A as a Clefting Susceptibility Gene. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10121023. [PMID: 31817908 PMCID: PMC6947597 DOI: 10.3390/genes10121023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL/P) ranks among the most common human congenital malformations, and has a multifactorial background in which both exogenous and genetic risk factors act in concert. The present report describes a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving a total of 285 nsCL/P patients and 1212 controls from the Netherlands and Belgium. Twenty of the 40 previously reported nsC/LP susceptibility loci were replicated, which underlined the validity of this sample. SNV-based analysis of the data identified an as yet unreported suggestive locus at chromosome 16p12.1 (p-value of the lead SNV: 4.17 × 10-7). This association was replicated in two of three patient/control replication series (Central European and Yemeni). Gene analysis of the GWAS data prioritized SH3PXD2A at chromosome 10q24.33 as a candidate gene for nsCL/P. To date, support for this gene as a cleft gene has been restricted to data from zebrafish and a knockout mouse model. The present GWAS was the first to implicate SH3PXD2A in non-syndromic cleft formation in humans. In summary, although performed in a relatively small sample, the present GWAS generated novel insights into nsCL/P etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris ALM van Rooij
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (I.A.v.R.); (T.E.G.); (L.A.K.); (N.R.)
| | - Kerstin U Ludwig
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.U.L.); (J.W.); (N.I.)
| | - Julia Welzenbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.U.L.); (J.W.); (N.I.)
| | - Nina Ishorst
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.U.L.); (J.W.); (N.I.)
| | - Michelle Thonissen
- Department of Dentistry, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Section of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud university medical center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (M.T.); (E.O.)
| | - Tessel E Galesloot
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (I.A.v.R.); (T.E.G.); (L.A.K.); (N.R.)
| | - Edwin Ongkosuwito
- Department of Dentistry, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Section of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Radboud university medical center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (M.T.); (E.O.)
| | - Stefaan J Bergé
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Radboud university medical center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Khalid Aldhorae
- Orthodontic Department, College of Dentistry, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen;
| | - Augusto Rojas-Martinez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine, and Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64460, Mexico;
| | - Lambertus ALM Kiemeney
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (I.A.v.R.); (T.E.G.); (L.A.K.); (N.R.)
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Han Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics, and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, 6500 HB Nijmgen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Clinical Genetics, and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nel Roeleveld
- Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (I.A.v.R.); (T.E.G.); (L.A.K.); (N.R.)
| | - Koen Devriendt
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Titiaan Dormaar
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Hens
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Otorhinolaryngology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Michael Knapp
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Carine Carels
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium (C.C.)
- Department of Human Genetics, and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, 6500 HB Nijmgen, The Netherlands;
- Orthodontics, University Hospitals KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Mangold
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (K.U.L.); (J.W.); (N.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-228-28751008
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