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Rafique A, Ali I, Kim S, Farooq A, Manzoor U, Moon J, Arooj M, Ahn M, Park Y, Hyun CL, Koh YS. Toll-like receptor 13-mediated signaling protects against the development of colon cancer. Int J Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38989970 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Appropriate host-microbiota interactions are essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis; hence, an imbalance in these interactions leads to inflammation-associated intestinal diseases. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize microbial ligands and play a key role in host-microbe interactions in health and disease. TLR13 has a well-established function in enhancing host defenses against pathogenic bacteria. However, its role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and controlling colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) is largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of TLR13-mediated signaling in intestinal homeostasis and colonic tumorigenesis using ex vivo cell and in vivo CAC animal model. Tlr13-deficient mice were prone to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. During the early stages of the CAC regimen (AOM/DSS-treated), Tlr13 deficiency led to severe ulcerative colitis. Moreover, Tlr13-deficient mice exhibited increased intestinal permeability, as evidenced by elevated levels of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran, endotoxins, and bacterial translocation. Enhanced cell survival and proliferation of colonic intestinal cells were observed in Tlr13-deficient mice. A transcriptome analysis revealed that Tlr13 deficiency is associated with substantial changes in gene expression profile of colonic tumor tissue. Tlr13-deficient mice were more susceptible to CAC, with increased production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, and TNF-α cytokines and enhanced STAT3, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling in colon tissues. These findings suggest that TLR13 plays a protective role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and controlling CAC. Our study provides a novel perspective on intestinal health via TLR13-mediated signaling, which is crucial for deciphering the role of host-microbiota interactions in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Rafique
- College of Medicine, and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Irshad Ali
- College of Medicine, and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Seukchan Kim
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Adeel Farooq
- Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Umar Manzoor
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jeungho Moon
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Madeeha Arooj
- College of Medicine, and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Meejung Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Youngjun Park
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
- Laboratory of Immune and Inflammatory Disease, Jeju Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Chang Lim Hyun
- College of Medicine, and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Young-Sang Koh
- College of Medicine, and Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
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Li Z, Peng C, Sun Y, Zhang T, Feng C, Zhang W, Huang T, Yao G, Zhang H, He Q. Both viable Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis B8762 and heat-killed cells alleviate the intestinal inflammation of DSS-induced IBD rats. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0350923. [PMID: 38647334 PMCID: PMC11237488 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03509-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In view of the safety concerns of probiotics, more and more attention is paid to the beneficial effects of dead probiotics cells. Herein, we investigated and compared the alleviation effects of viable Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis B8762 (B. infantis B8762) and its heat-killed cells on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) rats. Four groups of rats (n = 12 per group) were included: normal control, DSS-induced colitis rats without bacterial administration (DSS), DSS-induced colitis rats with viable B. infantis B8762 administration (VB8762), and DSS-induced colitis rats with dead B. infantis B8762 administration (DB8762). Our results showed that both VB8762 and DB8762 administration exerted significant protective effects on DSS-induced IBD rats, as evidenced by a reduction in mortality, disease activity index score, body weight loss, as well as decreased histology score, which were companied by a significant decrease in serum pro-inflammatory factors compared with DSS group, and a stronger effect on modulating the fecal microbiota alpha-diversity and beta-diversity compared with DSS group. Additionally, the fecal metabolome results showed that both VB8762 and DB8762 interventions indeed altered the fecal metabolome profile and related metabolic pathways of DSS-induced IBD rats. Therefore, given the alleviation effects on colitis, the DB8762 can be confirmed to be a postbiotic. Overall, our findings suggested that VB8762 and DB8762 had similar ability to alleviate IBD although with some differences. Due to the minimal safety concern of postbiotics, we propose that the postbiotic DB8762 could be a promising alternative to probiotics to be applied in the prevention and treatment of IBDs.IMPORTANCEInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has emerged as a global disease because of the worldwide spread of western diets and lifestyles during industrialization. Up to now, many probiotic strains are used as a modulator of gut microbiota or an enhancer of gut barrier to alleviate or cure IBD. However, there are still many issues of using probiotics, which were needed to be concerned about, for instance, safety issues in certain groups like neonates and vulnerable populations, and the functional differences between viable and dead microorganisms. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the beneficial effects of dead probiotics cells. The present study proved that both viable Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis B8762 and heat-killed cells could alleviate dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in rats. The findings help to support that some heat-killed probiotics cells can also exert relevant biological functions and can be used as a postbiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojie Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuantao Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Special Food Research Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaru Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Cuijiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Weiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Guoqiang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qiuwen He
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Roozbahani F, Ahanjan M, Moshiri M, Abediankenari S, Goli HR, Kakavan M, Gholami M. Characterization of Antimicrobial Activities of Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12 and Their Inhibitory Effect Against Some Foodborne Pathogens. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024; 21:370-377. [PMID: 38578010 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12, a probiotic, has shown potential to promote health benefits and control pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of BB-12 and its cell-free supernatant (CFS) in inhibiting the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. To assess the antimicrobial activity of BB-12, agar well diffusion, disk diffusion, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests were conducted. The bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay was performed to measure the protein concentration in CFS. The study's results indicated that the BB-12 strain inhibited the pathogens' growth. The disk diffusion test using BB-12 showed inhibitory results ranging from 11 to 14 mm for both bacteria. The agar well diffusion test reported the zone of inhibition ranging from 11.6 to 16 mm for both bacteria. The MIC test was conducted as a confirmatory test, which demonstrated the highest inhibitory zone using 2 McFarland (6 × 108 CFU/mL) concentrations of probiotics on L. monocytogenes (44.98%) and S. Typhimurium (66.41%). The disk diffusion test revealed that the probiotic CFS had a significant inhibitory impact on S. Typhimurium with a 16.6 mm zone of inhibition. The BCA test findings indicated that the 24- and 48-h CFSs exhibited inhibitory properties against infections. Notably, the 24-h CFS, including a protein level of 78.47 μg/mL, demonstrated a more pronounced inhibitory impact on both pathogens. The findings highlight that utilizing the BB-12 strain and its CFS can serve as a viable approach to battle infections, enhancing food safety and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Roozbahani
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahanjan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mona Moshiri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeid Abediankenari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Goli
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maedeh Kakavan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Gholami
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Dosh L, Rappa F, Jurjus A, Karam G, Lezeik R, El Masri J, Bucchieri F, Leone A, Jurjus R. The Mechanism and Potential Therapeutic Effects of Cyclosporin, Cyclophilin, Probiotics and Syndecan-1 in an Animal Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:130. [PMID: 38276500 PMCID: PMC10819533 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) have several treatment modalities including immunoregulators, like cyclosporine A, an immunosuppressant that interacts with cytoplasmic cyclophilin A, and probiotics. Aims: This study explored and compared the possible role of syndecan-1 in the IBD pathogenic process as well as the effectiveness of cyclophilin A, cyclosporine A, and their combination in the management of IBDs in the presence of probiotics. Methodology: IBD was induced in a total of 112 mice equally divided between syndecan-1 knock-out (KO) and Balb/c wild-type mice, using 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) followed by intraperitoneal treatment with cyclosporine A, cyclophilin A, or a combination of both. In addition, a daily dose of probiotics was given in their drinking water. The animals were monitored for clinical signs and symptoms and checked for gross pathologies in the abdomen after 3 weeks. Descending and sigmoid colon biopsies were collected and fixed for routine microscopy or frozen for protein extraction and molecular testing for IL-6, CD3, CD147, and beta 1 integrins as well as pAkt expression. Results: The data showed that the induction of IBD in the syndecan-1 KO mice was more severe at the clinical, histological, and molecular levels than in the wild type. The combined CypA-CyA treatment showed no added inhibitory effect compared to single-drug treatment in both strains. Probiotics added to the combination was more effective in the wild type and, when used alone, its inhibition of IL-6 was the highest. As for the CD147 marker, there were more suppressions across the various groups in the KO mice except for the probiotics-alone group. Concerning CD3, it was significantly increased by the CypA-CyA complex, which led to more inflammation in the KO mice. Probiotics had little effect with the combination. In relation to beta 1 integrins, the CypA-CyA combination made no significant difference from CyA alone, and adding probiotics to the combination resulted in higher beta 1 integrin expression in the KO mice. As for pAkt, it was very well expressed and upregulated in both strains treated with DSS, but the effect was much larger in the KO mice. In brief, the CypA-CyA complex showed a decrease in the expression of pAkt, but there was no added effect of both drugs. Probiotics along with the complex had a similar reduction effects in both strains, with a greater effect in the wild-type mice, while probiotics alone led to a similar reduction in pAkt expressions in both strains. Conclusions: The differential effects of CyA, CypA, probiotics, and their combinations on the various inflammatory markers, as well as the histological alterations and clinical signs and symptoms, speak in favor of a clear role of syndecan-1 in reducing inflammation. However, probiotics need to be considered after more explorations into the mechanisms involved in the presence of CypA and CyA especially since pAkt is less active in their presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dosh
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Francesca Rappa
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Abdo Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Gaelle Karam
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Roaa Lezeik
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Jad El Masri
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Fabio Bucchieri
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Leone
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosalyn Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
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Liu A, Li C, Wang C, Liang X, Zhang X. Impact of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Gut Microbiota and Microbiota Associated Functions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence on Animal Models. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:981-992. [PMID: 37817517 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x250413230920051715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global health problem in which gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a pivotal pathogenic role. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has shown promising application prospects for its powerful immune regulation and tissue repair ability. Recent experimental data suggest that MSCs also regulate the composition of gut microbiota. The current review analyzed, for the first time, the research data linking MSCs and gut microbiota modulation in IBD models aiming at assessing the role of gut microbiota in MSCs repair of IBD. METHODS A comprehensive and structured literature search was performed up to January 2023 on the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The quality and risk of bias assessment followed the PRISMA guidelines and SYRCLE's tool. RESULTS A total of nine pre-clinical studies on animal models were included. Although the dose and route of MSCs applied were quite heterogeneous, results showed that MSCs displayed protective effects on intestinal inflammation, including mice general assessment, immunoregulation, and intestinal barrier integrity. Meanwhile, studies showed positive effects on the composition of gut flora with MSCs administration, which had been characterized by restoration of Firmicutes/ Bacteroides balance and reduction of Proteobacteria. The beneficial bacteria Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus were also distinctly enriched, and the pathogenic bacteria Escherichia-Shigella was conversely decreased. The alpha and beta diversity were also regulated to resemble those of healthy mice. Microbial metabolic functions, such as biosynthesis of secondary bile acid and sphingolipid metabolism, and some biological behaviors related to cell regeneration were also up-regulated, while cancer function and poorly characterized cellular function were down-regulated. CONCLUSION Current data support the remodeling effect on gut microbiota with MSC administration, which provides a potential therapeutic mechanism for MSCs in the treatment of IBD. Additional studies in humans and animal models are warranted to further confirm the role of gut microflora in MSCs repairing IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airu Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, China
| | - Xiaonan Liang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, China
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Doğan GT, Kepekçi RA, Bostancıeri N, Tarakçıoğlu M. Protective effect of Arum maculatum against dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis in rats. Biotech Histochem 2023; 98:456-465. [PMID: 37394993 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2225226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease of the large intestine that is characterized by diarrhea, bloody stools, abdominal pain and mucosal ulceration. UC is treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids or immunosuppressants, but long-term use of these drugs can cause adverse effects. Arum maculatum is used as a traditional treatment for digestive system disorders, but its use for treatment of UC has not been investigated rigorously. We investigated the possible protective effect of a methanol extract of A. maculatum against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced experimental UC in rats. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract were 32.919 ± 1.125 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 52.045 ± 7.902 µg rutin equivalent (RE)/mg, respectively. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the extract was 105.76 µg/ml according to the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity assay. Effects of A. maculatum extract on UC induced by DSS were assessed both macroscopically and histologically. We also investigated effects of A. maculatum extract on malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the oxidative stress index (OSI) in normal rats and rats with UC. We found that treatment with A. maculatum extract protected the colon against DSS induced UC in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülsüm Toparlı Doğan
- Biochemistry Science and Technology Department, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | | | - Nuray Bostancıeri
- Histology and Embryology Department, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tarakçıoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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7
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Modrego J, Ortega-Hernández A, Goirigolzarri J, Restrepo-Córdoba MA, Bäuerl C, Cortés-Macías E, Sánchez-González S, Esteban-Fernández A, Pérez-Villacastín J, Collado MC, Gómez-Garre D. Gut Microbiota and Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Are Linked to Evolution of Heart Failure Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13892. [PMID: 37762194 PMCID: PMC10530267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a lack of direct evidence regarding gut microbiota dysbiosis and changes in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in heart failure (HF) patients. We sought to assess any association between gut microbiota composition, SCFA production, clinical parameters, and the inflammatory profile in a cohort of newly diagnosed HF patients. In this longitudinal prospective study, we enrolled eighteen newly diagnosed HF patients. At admission and after 12 months, blood samples were collected for the assessment of proinflammatory cytokines, monocyte populations, and endothelial dysfunction, and stool samples were collected for analysis of gut microbiota composition and quantification of SCFAs. Twelve months after the initial HF episode, patients demonstrated improved clinical parameters and reduced inflammatory state and endothelial dysfunction. This favorable evolution was associated with a reversal of microbiota dysbiosis, consisting of the increment of health-related bacteria, such as genus Bifidobacterium, and levels of SCFAs, mainly butyrate. Furthermore, there was a decrease in the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. In vitro, fecal samples collected after 12 months of follow-up exhibited lower inflammation than samples collected at admission. In conclusion, the favorable progression of HF patients after the initial episode was linked to the reversal of gut microbiota dysbiosis and increased SCFA production, particularly butyrate. Whether restoring butyrate levels or promoting the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria could serve as a complementary treatment for these patients deserves further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Modrego
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Adriana Ortega-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
| | - Josebe Goirigolzarri
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.); (M.A.R.-C.)
| | - María Alejandra Restrepo-Córdoba
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.); (M.A.R.-C.)
| | - Christine Bäuerl
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain; (C.B.); (E.C.-M.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Erika Cortés-Macías
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain; (C.B.); (E.C.-M.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Silvia Sánchez-González
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
| | | | - Julián Pérez-Villacastín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico de San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.G.); (M.A.R.-C.)
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Fundación para la Investigación Interhospitalaria Cardiovascular, 28008 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmen Collado
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain; (C.B.); (E.C.-M.); (M.C.C.)
| | - Dulcenombre Gómez-Garre
- Laboratorio de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Microbiota, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.); (A.O.-H.); (S.S.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Heldner A, Heath MD, Schnautz B, Kotz S, Chaker A, Kramer MF, Jakwerth CA, Zissler UM, Schmidt-Weber CB, Blank S. Ex Vivo Immunomodulatory Effects of Lactobacillus-, Lacticaseibacillus-, and Bifidobacterium-Containing Synbiotics on Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells in the Context of Grass Pollen Allergy. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:868-879. [PMID: 35113319 PMCID: PMC10393851 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09920-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sensing of the intestinal microbiota by the host immune system is important to induce protective immune responses. Hence, modification of the gut microbiota might be able to prevent or treat allergies, mediated by proinflammatory Th2 immune responses. The aim was to investigate the ex vivo immunomodulatory effects of the synbiotics Pollagen® and Kallergen®, containing the probiotic bacterial strains Lactobacillus, Lacticaseibacillus and Bifidobacterium, in the context of grass pollen allergy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from grass pollen-allergic patients and healthy controls were stimulated with grass pollen extract (GPE) and synbiotics and Gata3 expression and cytokine secretion analyzed. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) cells were matured in the presence of GPE and synbiotics, co-cultured with autologous naïve T cells and maturation markers and cytokine secretion analyzed. GPE stimulation of PBMCs from grass pollen-allergic patients resulted in a significant higher production of the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13 compared to healthy controls. Gata3+CD4+ T cell induction was independent of the allergic status. The synbiotics promoted IL-10 and IFN-γ secretion and downregulated the GPE-induced Th2-like phenotype. Co-culturing naïve T cells with MoDCs, matured in the presence of GPE and synbiotics, shifted the GPE-induced Th2 cytokine release towards Th1-Th17-promoting conditions in allergic subjects. The investigated synbiotics are effective in downregulating the GPE-induced Th2 immune response in PBMCs from grass pollen-allergic patients as well as in autologous MoDC-T cell stimulation assays. In addition to increased IL-10 release, the data indicates a shift from a Th2- to a more Th1- and Th17-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Heldner
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM)Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center MunichMember of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, Technical University of Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Schnautz
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM)Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center MunichMember of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, Technical University of Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kotz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adam Chaker
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM)Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center MunichMember of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, Technical University of Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Munich, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias F Kramer
- Allergy Therapeutics PLC, Worthing, UK
- Bencard Allergie GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Constanze A Jakwerth
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM)Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center MunichMember of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, Technical University of Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich M Zissler
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM)Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center MunichMember of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, Technical University of Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten B Schmidt-Weber
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM)Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center MunichMember of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, Technical University of Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Blank
- Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM)Faculty of Medicine and Helmholtz Center MunichMember of the German Center of Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Immunology and Inflammation Initiative of the Helmholtz Association, Technical University of Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Munich, Germany.
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9
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Barreira MA, Campelo MWS, da Silva Martins Rebouças C, Duarte ASG, Barbosa MLL, da Cruz Fonseca SG, Queiroz RR, Holanda ÉU, de Vasconcelos ABA, de Sousa Araújo VJG, Diniz GM, Oriá RB, de Vasconcelos PRL. Pterostilbene and Probiotic Complex in Chemoprevention of Putative Precursor Lesions for Colorectal Cancer in an Experimental Model of Intestinal Carcinogenesis with 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082401. [PMID: 37190329 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with pterostilbene (PS) and/or a probiotic (PRO) may ameliorate the intestinal microbiota in disease conditions. This study aims to evaluate PS and PRO for the chemoprevention of putative precursor lesions for colorectal cancer (CRC) in an experimental model of intestinal carcinogenesis with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (1,2-DMH). Sixty male Wistar rats were equally divided into five groups: Sham, 1,2-DMH, 1,2-DMH + PS, 1,2-DMH + PRO, and 1,2-DMH + PS + PRO. PRO (5 × 107/mL) was offered in water, and PS (300 ppm) was provided in the diet ad libitum. 1,2-DMH (20 mg/kg/week) was administered for 15 consecutive weeks. In the 25th week, proctocolectomy was conducted. PRO alone and PRO combined with PS were the best intervention strategies to improve experimental 1,2-DMH-induced CRC regarding several parameters of carcinogenesis. Our findings may contribute to the development of novel preventive strategies for CRC and may help to identify novel modulators of colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Alencar Barreira
- Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-140, CE, Brazil
| | - Márcio Wilker Soares Campelo
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-140, CE, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza 60192-345, CE, Brazil
| | - Conceição da Silva Martins Rebouças
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-170, CE, Brazil
| | - Antoniella Souza Gomes Duarte
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-170, CE, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucianny Lima Barbosa
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-170, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Érica Uchoa Holanda
- School of Medicine, Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza 60192-345, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriel Maia Diniz
- School of Medicine, Christus University Center (UNICHRISTUS), Fortaleza 60192-345, CE, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Barreto Oriá
- Laboratory of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny, and Nutrition, Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-170, CE, Brazil
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10
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Alzahrani A, Alzahrani AJ, Shori AB. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A focus on the Role of Probiotics in Ulcerative Colitis. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a cluster of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by chronic inflammation and imbalance of the gut microbiota in a genetically vulnerable host. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) are well-known types of IBD, and due to its high prevalence, IBD has attracted the attention of researchers globally. The exact etiology of IBD is still unknown; however, various theories have been proposed to provide some explanatory clues that include gene-environment interactions and dysregulated immune response to the intestinal microbiota. These diseases are manifested by several clinical symptoms that depend on the affected segment of the intestine such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding. In this era of personalized medicine, various options are developing starting from improved intestinal microecology, small molecules, exosome therapy, to lastly stem cell transplantation. From another aspect, and in parallel to pharmacological intervention, nutrition, and dietary support have shown effectiveness in IBD management. There is an increasing evidence supporting the benefit of probiotics in the prophylaxis and treatment of IBD. There are several studies that have demonstrated that different probiotics alleviate UC. The present review summarizes the progress in the IBD studies focusing and exploring more on the role of probiotics as a potential adjunct approach in UC management.
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11
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Nami Y, Hejazi S, Geranmayeh MH, Shahgolzari M, Yari Khosroushahi A. Probiotic immunonutrition impacts on colon cancer immunotherapy and prevention. Eur J Cancer Prev 2023; 32:30-47. [PMID: 36134612 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The important role of the immune system in treating cancer has attracted the attention of researchers to the emergence of oncology research. Immunotherapy has shown that the immune system is important in the fight against cancer. The challenge has led researchers to analyze the impact of immunotherapy on improving the status of the immune system, modifying the resulting safety response, reducing toxicity, and improving the results. This study aimed to discuss the potential mechanisms of probiotics in preventing colon cancer. The mechanisms include the change in intestinal microbiota, the metabolic activity of microbiota, the binding and degradation of the carcinogenic compounds present in the lumen of the intestine, the production of compounds with anticancer activity, immune system modification, intestinal dysfunction, changes in host physiology, and inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in cancerous cells. By contrast, very few reports have shown the harmful effects of oral probiotic supplements. According to available evidence, further studies on probiotics are needed, especially in identifying bacterial species with anticancer potential, studying the survival of the strains after passing the digestive tract, reviewing potential side effects in people with a weak immune system, and ultimately consuming and repeating its use. This study emphasizes that the nutritional formula can modulate inflammatory and immune responses in cancer patients. This effect reduces acute toxicity, although the pathways and measurement of this immune response are unclear. Nutrition safety is an emerging field in oncology, and further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Nami
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Branch for Northwest & West Region, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO)
| | - Salva Hejazi
- Department of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mohammad Hossein Geranmayeh
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mehdi Shahgolzari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Ahmad Yari Khosroushahi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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12
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Wei X, Leng X, Li G, Wang R, Chi L, Sun D. Advances in research on the effectiveness and mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine formulas for colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1120672. [PMID: 36909166 PMCID: PMC9995472 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1120672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can progress into colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) through the inflammation-cancer sequence. Although the mechanism of carcinogenesis in IBD has not been fully elucidated, the existing research indicates that CAC may represent a fundamentally different pathogenesis pattern of colorectal cancer. At present, there is no proven safe and effective medication to prevent IBD cancer. In recent years, Chinese medicine extracts and Chinese medicine monomers have been the subject of numerous articles about the prevention and treatment of CAC, but their clinical application is still relatively limited. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulas are widely applied in clinical practice. TCM formulas have demonstrated great potential in the prevention and treatment of CAC in recent years, although there is still a lack of review. Our work aimed to summarize the effects and potential mechanisms of TCM formulas for the prevention and treatment of CAC, point out the issues and limitations of the current research, and provide recommendations for the advancement of CAC research in the future. We discovered that TCM formulas regulated many malignant biological processes, such as inflammation-mediated oxidative stress, apoptosis, tumor microenvironment, and intestinal microecology imbalance in CAC, through a review of the articles published in databases such as PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Embase, and CNKI. Several major signal transduction pathways, including NF-κB, STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin, HIF-1α, and Nrf2, were engaged. TCM formula may be a promising treatment candidate to control the colitis-cancer transformation, however further high-quality research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiunan Wei
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Leng
- Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Gongyi Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ruting Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lili Chi
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dajuan Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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13
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Wang S, Pu J, Li X, Yan Z, Li C, Zheng Y, Luo Z, Cui L. UBE2W Improves the Experimental Colitis by Inhibiting the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:5529-5539. [PMID: 35314916 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07453-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The NF-κB signaling cascade regulates immune response and is often dysregulated in tumor development. UBE2W is a novel type I ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) whose biological function is still unclear. AIMS This study was designed to investigate whether UBE2W regulates NF-κB signaling pathway and is involved in the progression of experimental colitis. METHODS At the cellular level, the effect of UBE2W on NF-κB transcriptional activity was measured using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The influence of UBE2W on NF-κB pathway activation and the entry of p65 into the nucleus were determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses, respectively. Moreover, the colitis model was established by administering 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)/water to UBE2W overexpression, UBE2W-knockdown and control mice. Body weight, stool consistency, colon length and clinical severity were examined. Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and phosphorylation of p65 and IκB in the colon tissue were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS UBE2W inhibited TNFα-induced NF-κB transcription activity, attenuated IκB and p65 phosphorylation, downregulated TNFα and IL-8 expression and blocked the entry of p65 into the nucleus. In the DSS-induced colitis model, UBE2W-knockdown mice had increased weight loss, more serious diarrhea and mucosal injures compared with the control mice. Moreover, phosphorylation of IκB and p65 and the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNFα, IL-6 were significantly increased in UBE2W knockdown mice. However, these changes were completely reversed in UBE2W overexpression mice. CONCLUSIONS The overexpression of UBE2W ameliorates the severity of DSS-induced colitis, which may be mediated by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings provide evidence that UBE2W might have potential therapeutic implications in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jiang Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhihui Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhe Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lihong Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, China.
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14
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Wang H, Fan C, Zhao Z, Zhai Z, Hao Y. Anti-inflammatory effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 on DSS-induced colitis in mice. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:2063-2073. [PMID: 35737740 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 on dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8 per group). Each group was administered with PBS (Control and DSS group) or B. lactis A6 with a dosage of ~4.0 × 109 CFU day-1 (DSS + A6 group) for 21 consecutive days. The DSS and DSS + A6 group mice were ad libitum drinking 2.5% DSS water during day 15-21, while the Control group mice were given normal water. The administration of B. lactis A6 significantly inhibited DSS-induced bodyweight loss and colon shortening (p < 0.001), but showed no significant influence on the spleen enlargement (p > 0.05). The intestinal barrier integrity was improved by reducing colonic damage, recovering mucus layer loss and enhancing tight junction expression including ZO-1, occludin and claudin-1. In addition, B. lactis A6 attenuated the oxidative stress by decreasing MDA and increasing SOD and GSH levels in colon tissues. Moreover, B. lactis A6 suppressed DSS-induced inflammatory responses via downregulating TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 levels and upregulating IL-10 level in colon tissues. CONCLUSION B. lactis A6 effectively alleviated DSS-induced colitis by maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammatory responses. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study suggests that B. lactis A6 could act as a candidate probiotic for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Municipality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengfei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Municipality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoer Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Municipality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyuan Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Municipality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Hao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Co-constructed by Ministry of Education and Beijing Municipality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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15
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Liu Z, Zhao J, Sun R, Wang M, Wang K, Li Y, Shang H, Hou J, Jiang Z. Lactobacillus plantarum 23-1 improves intestinal inflammation and barrier function through the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in obese mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:5971-5986. [PMID: 35546499 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As a natural active ingredient, lactic acid bacteria have potential anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, male C57BL/6J mice were given a high-fat diet (HFD) to establish an obese mouse model. Lactobacillus plantarum 23-1 (LP23-1) with prebiotic characteristics was intervened for 8 weeks to evaluate its remission effect on obese animals and related mechanisms. The effects of LP23-1 on lipid accumulation and intestinal inflammation in HFD-fed mice were systematically evaluated by detecting lipid accumulation, blood lipid level, pathological changes in the liver and small intestine, oxidative stress and inflammatory cell level, lipid transport-related gene expression, the inflammatory signaling pathway, and intestinal tight junction (TJ) mRNA and protein expression. The results showed that LP23-1 could significantly reduce the body weight and fat index of HFD-fed mice, improve the lipid levels of serum and liver, reduce the histopathological damage to the liver and small intestine, and alleviate oxidative stress and inflammatory response caused by obesity. In addition, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis showed that LP23-1 could regulate the mRNA expression of lipid transport-related genes; activate the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway; reduce intestinal inflammation; improve the mRNA and protein expression of intestinal TJ proteins zona occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin, claudin-1, and Muc2; repair intestinal mucosal injury; and enhance intestinal barrier function. The aforementioned results showed that LP23-1 through the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and intestinal barrier function reduced obesity symptoms. This study provided new insights into the mechanism of LP23-1 in reducing obesity and provided a theoretical basis for developing new functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Jiale Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Rongbo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Kunyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Yanan Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Hang Shang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Juncai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Zhanmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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16
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Nagao-Kitamoto H, Kitamoto S, Kamada N. Inflammatory bowel disease and carcinogenesis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:301-316. [PMID: 35416564 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) is a subtype of CRC associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is well known that individuals with IBD have a 2-3 times higher risk of developing CRC than those who do not, rendering CAC a major cause of death in this group. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of CAC are incompletely understood, animal models of chronic inflammation and human cohort data indicate that changes in the intestinal environment, including host response dysregulation and gut microbiota perturbations, may contribute to the development of CAC. Genomic alterations are a hallmark of CAC, with patterns that are distinct from those in sporadic CRC. The discovery of the biological changes that underlie the development of CAC is ongoing; however, current data suggest that chronic inflammation in IBD increases the risk of developing CAC. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the precise mechanisms by which inflammation triggers genetic alterations and disrupts intestinal homeostasis may provide insight into novel therapeutic strategies for the prevention of CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Nagao-Kitamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Sho Kitamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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17
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Probiotics During the Therapeutic Management of Periodontitis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1373:353-375. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96881-6_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Kaur H, Ali SA. Probiotics and gut microbiota: mechanistic insights into gut immune homeostasis through TLR pathway regulation. Food Funct 2022; 13:7423-7447. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00911k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of probiotics as a useful functional food improves the host's wellbeing, and, when paired with prebiotics (indigestible dietary fibre/carbohydrate), often benefits the host through anaerobic fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harpreet Kaur
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-NDRI, 132001, India
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-NDRI, 132001, India
- Division of Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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19
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The Multifaceted Effects of Gut Microbiota on the Immune System of the Intestinal Mucosa. IMMUNO 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno1040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has diverse microbial components, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The interaction between gut microbiome components and immune responses has been studied extensively over the last decade. Several studies have reported the potential role of the gut microbiome in maintaining gut homeostasis and the development of disease. The commensal microbiome can preserve the integrity of the mucosal barrier by acting on the host immune system. Contrastingly, dysbiosis-induced inflammation can lead to the initiation and progression of several diseases through inflammatory processes and oxidative stress. In this review, we describe the multifaceted effects of the gut microbiota on several diseases from the perspective of mucosal immunological responses.
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Zhang F, Qiao S. Research Progress on the Relationship Between Inflammation and Colorectal Cancer. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2021; 6:204-211. [PMID: 35261946 PMCID: PMC8889855 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors. Relevant epidemiology and a large number of experimental studies have proved that chronic inflammation is highly correlated with the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. And inflammatory bowel disease has been proven to be an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer. Various inflammatory cells participate in the establishment of the chronic inflammatory intestinal microenvironment required for the onset of colorectal cancer. The abnormal signal pathways mediated by various inflammatory factors and inflammatory mediators promote the occurrence of tumors, which are related to colorectal cancer and pathogenesis‐related inflammation mechanisms. At the gene level, miRNAs can also affect the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer by regulating mesenchymal epithelial transformation. This article reviews the relationship between inflammation and colorectal cancer as well as the related inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery Tongren Municipal People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical University (GMU) Guizhou China
| | - Song Qiao
- Department of General Surgery Tongren Municipal People’s Hospital of Guizhou Medical University (GMU) Guizhou China
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21
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Liao M, Zhang Y, Qiu Y, Wu Z, Zhong Z, Zeng X, Zeng Y, Xiong L, Wen Y, Liu R. Fructooligosaccharide supplementation alleviated the pathological immune response and prevented the impairment of intestinal barrier in DSS-induced acute colitis mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:9844-9854. [PMID: 34664584 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01147b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The dysbiosis of gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The manipulation of intestinal flora through prebiotics or probiotics is expected to induce and maintain the remission of IBD symptoms. 6-week-old C57BL/J mice were daily gavaged with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) or the synbiotic two weeks before the administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The supplementation of FOS or synbiotic could significantly ameliorate the body weight loss and colon histological damage in DSS-induced acute colitis mice. The altered composition of gut microbiota in acute colitis mice was reversed by FOS or Synbiotic supplementation, with a characteristic of decreased abundance of Mucispirillum. Both FOS and synbiotic mitigated DSS-induced loss of mucus protein (MUC2) and epithelium tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occluding, Claudin1) in colon mucosa. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) was decreased by FOS or synbiotic treatment, while the expression of Tbx21 and IL-10 was increased. The results suggested that the modulation of gut microbiota by FOS or synbiotic supplementation could decrease the inflammation potential of colonized commensals, which prevented the impairment of the intestinal barrier and induced a regulation of immune response in DSS-induced acute colitis mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjing Liao
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Yuanfang Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Yilan Qiu
- School of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410018, China
| | | | - Zhihong Zhong
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Zeng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Yiliang Zeng
- Shaoshan Changbaitong Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shaoshan 411100, China
| | - Li Xiong
- General Surgery Department, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Yu Wen
- General Surgery Department, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Rushi Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China.
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The baseline oral microbiota predicts the response of locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma patients to induction chemotherapy: A prospective longitudinal study. Radiother Oncol 2021; 164:83-91. [PMID: 34571091 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Among oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients who receive docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy, those with a favorable pathological response tend to obtain satisfactory clinical outcomes, while the total population exhibit no survival benefit. Thus, there is an urgent need to improve the therapeutic effect of TPF by applying personalized treatment according to distinct biomarkers. METHODS AND MATERIALS In the present study, we collected oral rinse samples from 44 OSCC patients enrolled in our prospective multicenter random phase II trial before TPF induction chemotherapy to conduct 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic analysis. Patients were administrated with two cycles of TPF induction chemotherapy (75 mg/m2 cisplatin and 75 mg/m2 docetaxel on day 1 and 750 mg/m2 fluorouracil from the first to the fifth day), and then divided into responsive and nonresponsive groups according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1. RESULTS In the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, Fusobacterium and Mycoplasma were more enriched in the nonresponsive group, while Slackia was more enriched in the responder group at the genus level. In the metagenomic shotgun sequencing analysis, Fusobacterium nucleatum was more enriched in the nonresponsive group. Functional analysis showed that the platinum drug resistance pathway and microRNAs in cancer and RNA degradation pathways were remarkably associated with patient sensitivity to induction chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the oral microbiome may play an important role in the OSCC patient sensitivity to TPF induction chemotherapy and offer novel potential biomarkers for predicting the response to TPF induction chemotherapy.
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Gupta T, Kaur H, Kapila S, Kapila R. Potential probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus MTCC-5897 attenuates Escherichia coli induced inflammatory response in intestinal cells. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:5703-5713. [PMID: 34476513 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02541-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are microbes having tremendous potential to prevent gastrointestinal disorders. In current investigation, immunomodulatory action of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus MTCC-5897 was studied during exclusion, competition and displacement of Escherichia coli on intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells. The incubation of intestinal cells with Escherichia coli, enhanced downstream signalling and activated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). This significantly increased (p < 0.01) the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-ϒ) expression. While, incubation of epithelial cells with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus during exclusion and competition with Escherichia coli, counteracted these enhanced expressions. The immunomodulatory feature of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus was also highlighted with increased (p < 0.05) transcription of toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and single Ig IL-1-related receptor (SIGIRR) along with diminished expression of TLR-4. Likewise, attenuation (p < 0.05) of E. coli-mediated enhanced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p-65 subunit by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus during exclusion was confirmed with western blotting. Thus, present finding establishes the prophylactic potential of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus against exclusion of Escherichia coli in intestinal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taruna Gupta
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Suman Kapila
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Rajeev Kapila
- Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
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Sikavi DR, Nguyen LH, Haruki K, Ugai T, Ma W, Wang DD, Thompson KN, Yan Y, Branck T, Wilkinson JE, Akimoto N, Zhong R, Lau MC, Mima K, Kosumi K, Morikawa T, Rimm EB, Garrett WS, Izard J, Cao Y, Song M, Huttenhower C, Ogino S, Chan AT. The Sulfur Microbial Diet and Risk of Colorectal Cancer by Molecular Subtypes and Intratumoral Microbial Species in Adult Men. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2021; 12:e00338. [PMID: 34333506 PMCID: PMC8323793 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We recently described the sulfur microbial diet, a pattern of intake associated with increased gut sulfur-metabolizing bacteria and incidence of distal colorectal cancer (CRC). We assessed whether this risk differed by CRC molecular subtypes or presence of intratumoral microbes involved in CRC pathogenesis (Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bifidobacterium spp.). METHODS We performed Cox proportional hazards modeling to examine the association between the sulfur microbial diet and incidence of overall and distal CRC by molecular and microbial subtype in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986-2012). RESULTS We documented 1,264 incident CRC cases among 48,246 men, approximately 40% of whom had available tissue data. After accounting for multiple hypothesis testing, the relationship between the sulfur microbial diet and CRC incidence did not differ by subtype. However, there was a suggestion of an association by prostaglandin synthase 2 (PTGS2) status with a multivariable adjusted hazard ratio for highest vs lowest tertile of sulfur microbial diet scores of 1.31 (95% confidence interval: 0.99-1.74, Ptrend = 0.07, Pheterogeneity = 0.04) for PTGS2-high CRC. The association of the sulfur microbial diet with distal CRC seemed to differ by the presence of intratumoral Bifidobacterium spp. with an adjusted hazard ratio for highest vs lowest tertile of sulfur microbial diet scores of 1.65 (95% confidence interval: 1.14-2.39, Ptrend = 0.01, Pheterogeneity = 0.03) for Bifidobacterium-negative distal CRC. We observed no apparent heterogeneity by other tested molecular markers. DISCUSSION Greater long-term adherence to the sulfur microbial diet could be associated with PTGS2-high and Bifidobacterium-negative distal CRC in men. Additional studies are needed to further characterize the role of gut microbial sulfur metabolism and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Sikavi
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Long H. Nguyen
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Koichiro Haruki
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tomotaka Ugai
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wenjie Ma
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dong D. Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kelsey N. Thompson
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tobyn Branck
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeremy E. Wilkinson
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Naohiko Akimoto
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rong Zhong
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mai Chan Lau
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kosuke Mima
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keisuke Kosumi
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Teppei Morikawa
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric B. Rimm
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wendy S. Garrett
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacques Izard
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Yin Cao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mingyang Song
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Program in MPE Molecular Pathological Epidemiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Cancer Immunology and Cancer Epidemiology Programs, Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Gao HN, Hu H, Wen PC, Lian S, Xie XL, Song HL, Yang ZN, Ren FZ. Yak milk-derived exosomes alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/C3 pathway activation. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:8411-8424. [PMID: 34001362 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) are important parts of the mucosal barrier, whose function can be impaired upon various injury factors such as lipopolysaccharide. Although food-derived exosomes are preventable against intestinal barrier injuries, there have been few studies on the effect of yak milk-derived exosomes and the underlying mechanism that remains poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the effect of exosomal proteins derived from yak and cow milk on the barrier function of IEC-6 treated with lipopolysaccharide and the relevant mechanism involved. Proteomics study revealed 392 differentially expressed proteins, with 58 higher expressed and 334 lower expressed in yak milk-derived exosomes than those in cow exosomes. Additionally, the top 20 proteins with a relatively consistent higher expression in yak milk exosomes than cow milk exosomes were identified. Protein CD46 was found to be a regulator for alleviating inflammatory injury of IEC-6. In vitro assay of the role of yak milk exosomes on survival of IEC-6 in inflammation by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay confirmed the effectiveness of yak milk exosomes to increase IEC-6 survival up to 18% for 12 h compared with cow milk exosomes (up to 12%), indicating a therapeutic effect of yak milk exosomes in the prevention of intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, yak and cow milk exosomes were shown to activate the PI3K/AKT/C3 signaling pathway, thus promoting IEC-6 survival. Our findings demonstrated an important relationship between yak and cow milk exosomes and intestinal inflammation, facilitating further understanding of the mechanisms of inflammation-driven epithelial homeostasis. Interestingly, compared with cow milk exosomes, yak milk exosomes activated the PI3K/AKT/C3 signaling pathway more to lower the incidence and severity of intestine inflammation, which might represent a potential innovative therapeutic option for intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - H Hu
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - P C Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - S Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - X L Xie
- Treasure of Tibet Yak Dairy Co., Ltd., Lhasa 610000, China
| | - H L Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Z N Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - F Z Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Faghfoori Z, Faghfoori MH, Saber A, Izadi A, Yari Khosroushahi A. Anticancer effects of bifidobacteria on colon cancer cell lines. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:258. [PMID: 33980239 PMCID: PMC8114702 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC), with a growing incidence trend worldwide, is resistant to apoptosis and has uncontrolled proliferation. It is recently reported that probiotic microorganisms exert anticancer effects. The genus Bifidobacterium, one of the dominant bacterial populations in the gastrointestinal tract, has received increasing attention because of widespread interest in using it as health-promoting microorganisms. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the apoptotic effects of some bifidobacteria species on colon cancer cell lines. Methods
The cytotoxicity evaluations performed using MTT assay and FACS-flow cytometry tests. Also, the effects of five species of bifidobacteria secretion metabolites on the expression level of anti- or pro-apoptotic genes including BAD, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and Fas-R studied by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Results The cell-free supernatant of all studied bifidobacteria significantly decreased the survival rates of colon cancer cells compared with control groups. Flow cytometric and RT-PCR results indicated that apoptosis is induced by bifidobacteria secretion metabolites and the mechanism for the action of bifidobacteria species in CRC prevention could be down-regulation and up-regulation of anti-apoptotic and, pro-apoptotic genes. Conclusions In the present study, different bifidobacteria species showed anticancer activity on colorectal cancer cells through down-regulation and up-regulation of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic genes. However, further studies are required to clarify the exact mechanism of apoptosis induction by bifidobacteria species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Faghfoori
- Food (Salt) Safety Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Faghfoori
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Amir Saber
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. .,Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technologies, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Isar Sq., next to Farabi Hospital, P.O. Box 6719851351, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Azimeh Izadi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Yari Khosroushahi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Raheem A, Liang L, Zhang G, Cui S. Modulatory Effects of Probiotics During Pathogenic Infections With Emphasis on Immune Regulation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:616713. [PMID: 33897683 PMCID: PMC8060567 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.616713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to inhibit pathogenic complications and to enhance animal and poultry growth, antibiotics have been extensively used for many years. Antibiotics applications not only affect target pathogens but also intestinal beneficially microbes, inducing long-lasting changes in intestinal microbiota associated with diseases. The application of antibiotics also has many other side effects like, intestinal barrier dysfunction, antibiotics residues in foodstuffs, nephropathy, allergy, bone marrow toxicity, mutagenicity, reproductive disorders, hepatotoxicity carcinogenicity, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which greatly compromise the efficacy of antibiotics. Thus, the development of new antibiotics is necessary, while the search for antibiotic alternatives continues. Probiotics are considered the ideal antibiotic substitute; in recent years, probiotic research concerning their application during pathogenic infections in humans, aquaculture, poultry, and livestock industry, with emphasis on modulating the immune system of the host, has been attracting considerable interest. Hence, the adverse effects of antibiotics and remedial effects of probiotics during infectious diseases have become central points of focus among researchers. Probiotics are live microorganisms, and when given in adequate quantities, confer good health effects to the host through different mechanisms. Among them, the regulation of host immune response during pathogenic infections is one of the most important mechanisms. A number of studies have investigated different aspects of probiotics. In this review, we mainly summarize recent discoveries and discuss two important aspects: (1) the application of probiotics during pathogenic infections; and (2) their modulatory effects on the immune response of the host during infectious and non-infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Raheem
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Liang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Shangjin Cui
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Technology of Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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The Western Dietary Pattern Combined with Vancomycin-Mediated Changes to the Gut Microbiome Exacerbates Colitis Severity and Colon Tumorigenesis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030881. [PMID: 33803094 PMCID: PMC8000903 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous work by our group using a mouse model of inflammation-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) showed that the total Western diet (TWD) promoted colon tumor development. Others have also shown that vancomycin-mediated changes to the gut microbiome increased colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the impact of vancomycin on colon tumorigenesis in the context of a standard mouse diet or the TWD. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used, in which C57Bl/6J mice were fed either the standard AIN93G diet or TWD and with vancomycin in the drinking water or not. While both the TWD and vancomycin treatments independently increased parameters associated with gut inflammation and tumorigenesis compared to AIN93G and plain water controls, mice fed the TWD and treated with vancomycin had significantly increased tumor multiplicity and burden relative to all other treatments. Vancomycin treatment significantly decreased alpha diversity and changed the abundance of several taxa at the phylum, family, and genus levels. Conversely, basal diet had relatively minor effects on the gut microbiome composition. These results support our previous research that the TWD promotes colon tumorigenesis and suggest that vancomycin-induced changes to the gut microbiome are associated with higher tumor rates.
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29
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Gorgulho CM, Krishnamurthy A, Lanzi A, Galon J, Housseau F, Kaneno R, Lotze MT. Gutting it Out: Developing Effective Immunotherapies for Patients With Colorectal Cancer. J Immunother 2021; 44:49-62. [PMID: 33416261 PMCID: PMC8092416 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC) include proinflammatory diets, sedentary habits, and obesity, in addition to genetic syndromes that predispose individuals to this disease. Current treatment relies on surgical excision and cytotoxic chemotherapies. There has been a renewed interest in immunotherapy as a treatment option for CRC given the success in melanoma and microsatellite instable (MSI) CRC. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors only plays a role in the 4%-6% of patients with MSIhigh tumors and even within this subpopulation, response rates can vary from 30% to 50%. Most patients with CRC do not respond to this modality of treatment, even though colorectal tumors are frequently infiltrated with T cells. Tumor cells limit apoptosis and survive following intensive chemotherapy leading to drug resistance and induction of autophagy. Pharmacological or molecular inhibition of autophagy improves the efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapy in murine models. The microbiome clearly plays an etiologic role, in some or most colon tumors, realized by elegant findings in murine models and now investigated in human clinical trials. Recent results have suggested that cancer vaccines may be beneficial, perhaps best as preventive strategies. The search for therapies that can be combined with current approaches to increase their efficacy, and new knowledge of the biology of CRC are pivotal to improve the care of patients suffering from this disease. Here, we review the basic immunobiology of CRC, current "state-of-the-art" immunotherapies and define those areas with greatest therapeutic promise for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Mendonça Gorgulho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- DAMP Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh - PA, USA
| | | | - Anastasia Lanzi
- INSERM, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Galon
- INSERM, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Franck Housseau
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, CRB-I Room 4M59, 1650 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ramon Kaneno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Michael T. Lotze
- DAMP Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh - PA, USA
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Badgeley A, Anwar H, Modi K, Murphy P, Lakshmikuttyamma A. Effect of probiotics and gut microbiota on anti-cancer drugs: Mechanistic perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188494. [PMID: 33346129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria present in probiotics, particularly the common Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium microbes, have been found to induce anti-cancer action by enhancing cancer cell apoptosis and protecting against oxidative stress. Probiotics supplements also decrease the cancer-producing microorganism Fusobacterium. Studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota modifies the effect of chemo/radiation therapy. Gut microbes not only enhance the action of chemotherapy drugs but also reduce the side effects of these medications. Additionally, gut microbes reduce immunotherapy toxicity, in particular, the presence of Bacteroidetes or Bifidobacterium decreases the development of colitis by ipilimumab therapy. Probiotics supplements containing Bifidobacterium also reduce chemotherapy-induced mucositis and radiation-induced diarrhea. This review focused on elucidating the mechanism behind the anti-cancer action of Bifidobacterium species. Available studies have revealed Bifidobacterium species decrease cancer cell proliferation via the inhibition of growth factor signaling as well as inducing mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, Bifidobacterium species reduce the adverse effects of chemo/immuno/radiation therapy by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines. Further clinical studies are needed to identify the powerful and suitable Bifidobacterium strain for the development of adjuvant therapy to support chemo/immuno/radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aja Badgeley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Hina Anwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Karan Modi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Paige Murphy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Ashakumary Lakshmikuttyamma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Clostridium butyricum on Growth Performance, Serum Immunity, Intestinal Morphology, and Microbiota as an Antibiotic Alternative in Weaned Piglets. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122287. [PMID: 33287332 PMCID: PMC7761722 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) use on growth performance, serum immunity, intestinal morphology, and microbiota as an antibiotic alternative in weaned piglets. Over the course of 28 days, 120 piglets were allocated to four treatments with six replicates of five piglets each. The treatments were: CON (basal diet); AGP (basal diet supplemented with 0.075 g/kg chlortetracycline, 0.055 g/kg kitasamycin, and 0.01 g/kg virginiamycin); CBN (basal diet supplemented with normal dosage of 2.5 × 108 CFU/kg C. butyricum); and CBH (basal diet supplemented with high dosage of 2.5 × 109 CFU/kg C. butyricum). Body weight (BW) and feed consumption were recorded at the beginning and on days 14 and 28 of the experiment, and representative feed samples and fresh feces were collected from each pen between days 26 and 28. Average fecal score of diarrhea was visually assessed each morning during the experimental period. On the morning of days 14 and 28, blood samples were collected to prepare serum for immune and antioxidant parameters measurement. One male piglet close to the average group BW was selected from each replicate and was slaughtered on day 21 of the experiment. Intestinal crypt villi, and colonic microbiota and its metabolites short-chain fatty acids were measured. Compared to the CON group, the CBN and AGP groups significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the ratio of feed to weight gain by 8.86% and 8.37% between days 1 and 14, 3.96% and 13.36% between days 15 and 28, 5.47% and 11.44% between days 1 and 28. Dietary treatment with C. butyricum and AGPs significantly decreased the average fecal score during the experimental period (p < 0.05). The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and total carbohydrates in the CBH group were higher respectively at 3.27%, 2.90%, and 2.97%, than those in the CON or AGP groups (p < 0.05). Compared to the CON group, the CBH group significantly increased short-chain fatty acids in colon and villus height in the jejunum (p < 0.05). The CBN group had higher serum levels of immunoglobulins, interleukin 2 (IL-2), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity, but lower serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6, and a lower aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) activity (p < 0.05), while compared to the CON group. Dietary treatment with C. butyricum significantly increased the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium (p < 0.05). In summary, diet with C. butyricum increased the growth performance and benefited the health of weaned piglets.
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Eiser AR, Fulop T. Extra-cranial factors in the development of Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res 2020; 1748:147076. [PMID: 32853641 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) likely involves dysfunction in more than one extra-cranial organ system. AD appears to depend on several functional organ impairments that develops frequently during aging: lack of normal hepatic synthesis, defective detoxification of ammonia, gut microbiome dysbiosis, the development of insulin resistance, diminished adrenal production of dehydroepiandrosterone, nutrient depletion, impaired immune processes with persistent chronic neuro-inflammation, and persistent infectious processes are important components of this system-wide disorder. By reviewing these abnormalities in different organ systems, this review intends to suggest that clinical research into the prevention of dementia needs to take this interplay of organ system dysfunction into account. The design of therapeutic interventions needs to address dysfunction in more than one system at a time. We have singled out one aberrant signaling pathway, NF-kB, that seems common to several of the dysfunctional organ systems and suggest some potential interventions that may be effective when combined with others. Clinical research may need to shift from single factor interventions to studies that include multiple simultaneous interventions that restore health in multiple impaired organ systems in the aging human in order to avert future epidemics of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold R Eiser
- Adjunct Senior Fellow, Leonard Davis Institute, University of Pennsylvania, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| | - Tamas Fulop
- Professor of Medicine and Geriatrics, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Lajqi T, Pöschl J, Frommhold D, Hudalla H. The Role of Microbiota in Neutrophil Regulation and Adaptation in Newborns. Front Immunol 2020; 11:568685. [PMID: 33133082 PMCID: PMC7550463 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.568685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Newborns are highly susceptible to infections and mainly rely on innate immune functions. Reduced reactivity, delayed activation and subsequent failure to resolve inflammation however makes the neonatal immune system a very volatile line of defense. Perinatal microbiota, nutrition and different extra-uterine factors are critical elements that define long-term outcomes and shape the immune system during the neonatal period. Neutrophils are first responders and represent a vital component of the immune system in newborns. They have long been regarded as merely executive immune cells, however this notion is beginning to shift. Neutrophils are shaped by their surrounding and adaptive elements have been described. The role of “innate immune memory” and the main triangle connection microbiome—neutrophil—adaptation will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trim Lajqi
- Heidelberg University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Pöschl
- Heidelberg University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Frommhold
- Klinik für Kinderheilkunde und Jugendmedizin, Memmingen, Germany
| | - Hannes Hudalla
- Heidelberg University Children's Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Heidelberg, Germany
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Zhao Y, Jiang Q. Roles of the Polyphenol-Gut Microbiota Interaction in Alleviating Colitis and Preventing Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. Adv Nutr 2020; 12:546-565. [PMID: 32905583 PMCID: PMC8009754 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the gut microbiota can promote or inhibit colonic inflammation and carcinogenesis. Promotion of beneficial gut bacteria is considered a promising strategy to alleviate colonic diseases including colitis and colorectal cancer. Interestingly, dietary polyphenols, which have been shown to attenuate colitis and inhibit colorectal cancer in animal models and some human studies, appear to reach relatively high concentrations in the large intestine and to interact with the gut microbial community. This review summarizes the modulatory effects of polyphenols on the gut microbiota in humans and animals under healthy and diseased conditions including colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Existing human and animal studies indicate that polyphenols and polyphenol-rich whole foods are capable of elevating butyrate producers and probiotics that alleviate colitis and inhibit CAC, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Studies in colitis and CAC models indicate that polyphenols decrease opportunistic pathogenic or proinflammatory microbes and counteract disease-induced dysbiosis. Consistently, polyphenols also change microbial functions, including increasing butyrate formation. Moreover, polyphenol metabolites produced by the gut microbiota appear to have anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities, protect gut barrier integrity, and mitigate inflammatory conditions in cells and animal models. Based on these results, we conclude that polyphenol-mediated alteration of microbial composition and functions, together with polyphenol metabolites produced by the gut microbiota, likely contribute to the protective effects of polyphenols on colitis and CAC. Future research is needed to validate the causal role of the polyphenol-gut microbiota interaction in polyphenols' anti-colitis and anti-CAC effects, and to further elucidate mechanisms underlying such interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Zhao
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Phipps O, Al-Hassi HO, Quraishi MN, Kumar A, Brookes MJ. Influence of Iron on the Gut Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092512. [PMID: 32825236 PMCID: PMC7551435 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbations of the colonic microbiota can contribute to the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer, leading to an increase in pathogenic bacteria at the expense of protective bacteria. This can contribute to disease through increasing carcinogenic metabolite/toxin production, inducing inflammation, and activating oncogenic signaling. To limit disease progression, external factors that may influence the colonic microbiota need to be considered in patients with colorectal cancer. One major factor that can influence the colonic microbiota is iron. Iron is an essential micronutrient that is required by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes for cellular function. Most pathogenic bacteria have heightened iron acquisition mechanisms and therefore tend to outcompete protective bacteria for free iron. Colorectal cancer patients often present with anemia due to iron deficiency, and thus they require iron therapy. Depending upon the route of administration, iron therapy has the potential to contribute to a procarciongenic microbiota. Orally administered iron is the common treatment for anemia in these patients but can lead to an increased gut iron concentration. This suggests the need to reassess the route of iron therapy in these patients. Currently, this has only been assessed in murine studies, with human trials being necessary to unravel the potential microbial outcomes of iron therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Phipps
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK; (H.O.A.-H.); (A.K.); (M.J.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hafid O. Al-Hassi
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK; (H.O.A.-H.); (A.K.); (M.J.B.)
| | - Mohammed N. Quraishi
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Aditi Kumar
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK; (H.O.A.-H.); (A.K.); (M.J.B.)
- Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Gastroenterology Unit, Wolverhampton WV10 0QP, UK
| | - Matthew J. Brookes
- Research Institute in Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK; (H.O.A.-H.); (A.K.); (M.J.B.)
- Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Gastroenterology Unit, Wolverhampton WV10 0QP, UK
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Metformin and Probiotics in the Crosstalk between Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer and Diabetes in Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071857. [PMID: 32664279 PMCID: PMC7408863 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and diabetes mellitus along with inflammation and dismicrobism has been frequently reported. Several studies shed light on the antioncogenic potential of metformin on colorectal carcinogenesis. This study aimed to demonstrate that metformin in association with probiotics acts in a synergic effect in breaking the crosstalk, thus inhibiting CRC progression, improving diabetes, and reducing inflammation. Ninety-six male Balb/c mice, 6–8 weeks old, were divided into 16 control and experimental groups to assess the effect of the different treatments and combinations at the clinical, histological, and molecular levels. Metformin and probiotics showed beneficial outcomes on CRC and diabetes, alone and most importantly in combination. Their effects were exerted by inhibiting the inflammatory process whereby a downregulation of IL-6 and TNF-α as well as oxidative stress were depicted. The characterization of the effects of probiotics and metformin on CRC and diabetes sheds light on the role of inflammation and microbiota in this crosstalk. Deciphering the downstream signaling pathways elicited by these compounds will help in developing new effective targeted treatment modalities.
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Jakubczyk D, Leszczyńska K, Górska S. The Effectiveness of Probiotics in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)-A Critical Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12071973. [PMID: 32630805 PMCID: PMC7400428 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which affects millions of people worldwide, includes two separate diseases: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Although the background (chronic inflammatory state) and some of the symptoms of CD and UC are similar, both diseases differ from each other. It is becoming clear that a combination of many factors, in particular genetic background, host immune response and microbial reduced diversity status are associated with IBD. One potential strategy to prevent/treat IBD is gut modulation by probiotics. Over the last twenty years, many publications have focused on the role of probiotics in the course of IBD. The review discusses the utility of different strains of probiotics, especially Bifidobacterium spp., in all factors potentially involved in the etiology of IBD. The probiotic modulatory properties among different study models (cell lines, animal models of colitis, clinical study) are discussed and probiotic usefulness is assessed in relation to the treatment, prevention, and remission of diseases.
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Li Q, Chen C, Liu C, Sun W, Liu X, Ci Y, Song Y. The Effects of Cellulose on AOM/DSS-Treated C57BL/6 Colorectal Cancer Mice by Changing Intestinal Flora Composition and Inflammatory Factors. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:502-513. [PMID: 32351134 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1756355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic intestinal inflammation is a key risk factor of colorectal cancer (CRC). It is known that microbial dysbiosis induces increased inflammatory factors which promote tumorigenesis and cellulose can be beneficial to CRC. In the present study, we investigated the regulatory effects of cellulose on intestinal flora composition and colorectal carcinogenesis in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced CRC mouse model. Supplementation of cellulose significantly attenuated inflammation and tumor formation in AOM/DSS-treated CRC mice. The survival rate and the tumor inhibition rate were higher in the medium-dose cellulose group (MCEG) and high-dose cellulose group (HCEG) than in the model group (MG; P < 0.05). Cellulose supplementation stimulated shifts in the intestinal flora in AOM/DSS-treated CRC mice. Additionally, levels of inflammatory mediators involved in colorectal carcinogenesis, such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, were lower in the serum of the low-dose cellulose group, MCEG, and HCEG when compared with the MG (P < 0.05). Whereas the abundance of differential bacteria was correlated with the concentration of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. These results showed cellulose changed the composition of intestinal flora and inhibited colon inflammation and neoplasm formation caused by the AOM/DSS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Liu
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenna Sun
- Qingdao Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Ci
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Bhardwaj R, Singh BP, Sandhu N, Singh N, Kaur R, Rokana N, Singh KS, Chaudhary V, Panwar H. Probiotic mediated NF-κB regulation for prospective management of type 2 diabetes. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2301-2313. [PMID: 31919753 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and other lifestyle disorders have been recognized as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a major factor involved in the early pathobiology of diabetes and studies reveal that hyperglycemic conditions in body leads to NF-κB mediated activation of several cytokines, chemokines and inflammatory molecules. NF-κB family comprises of certain DNA-binding protein factors that elicit the transcription of pro-inflammatory molecules. Various studies have identified NF-κB as a promising target for diabetic management. Probiotics have been proposed as bio-therapeutic agents for treatment of inflammatory disorders and many other chronic clinical stages. The precise mechanisms by which probiotics acts is yet to be fully understood, however research findings have indicated their role in NF-κB modulation. The current review highlights NF-κB as a bio-therapeutic target for probable management of type 2 diabetes through probiotic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Bhardwaj
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Brij Pal Singh
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Nitika Sandhu
- Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Niharika Singh
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ravinder Kaur
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Namita Rokana
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | | | | | - Harsh Panwar
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
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Lanigan N, Kelly E, Arzamasov AA, Stanton C, Rodionov DA, van Sinderen D. Transcriptional control of central carbon metabolic flux in Bifidobacteria by two functionally similar, yet distinct LacI-type regulators. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17851. [PMID: 31780796 PMCID: PMC6882875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54229-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria resident in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are subject to constantly changing environmental conditions, which require rapid adjustments in gene expression. Here, we show that two predicted LacI-type transcription factors (TFs), designated AraQ and MalR1, are involved in regulating the central, carbohydrate-associated metabolic pathway (the so-called phosphoketolase pathway or bifid shunt) of the gut commensal Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003. These TFs appear to not only control transcription of genes involved in the bifid shunt and each other, but also seem to commonly and directly affect transcription of other TF-encoding genes, as well as genes related to uptake and metabolism of various carbohydrates. This complex and interactive network of AraQ/MalR1-mediated gene regulation provides previously unknown insights into the governance of carbon metabolism in bifidobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Lanigan
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Emer Kelly
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aleksandr A Arzamasov
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, United States.,A.A. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Dmitry A Rodionov
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, United States.,A.A. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Ireland University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Milk Fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum Ameliorates Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Inflammation: An Exploratory Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071610. [PMID: 31315186 PMCID: PMC6683036 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of milk fermented with Lactobacillus fermentum J20 (FMJ20) or J28 (FMJ28) on ameliorating indomethacin-induced inflammation. Twenty-eight male C57Bl/6 mice were divided into four experimental groups: indomethacin, indomethacin + FMJ20, indomethacin + FMJ28, and untreated (control). Groups were fed fermented milk for 15 days, followed by administration of indomethacin supplied in three sub-doses over experimental period. Body weight, and food consumption were recorded. Additionally, spleen, kidney, and liver were weighed, and the small intestine length was measured. The cytokines in serum (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-23 and TNFα) and in intestinal mucosa (IL-17 and IFNγ) were also determined. Compared to the control, all indomethacin-supplemented groups lost weight (~2.7 g; p < 0.05), but no changes were found in the organ-specific morphometry analysis. FMJ28 showed better results in attenuating serum and intestinal IL-17 levels. Furthermore, showed less epithelial cell loss and inflammatory infiltrates than the other indomethacin-treated groups. These results suggest that FMJ28 may be effective in reducing intestinal and systemic acute inflammation, specifically in mice.
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Nagano T, Otoshi T, Hazama D, Kiriu T, Umezawa K, Katsurada N, Nishimura Y. Novel cancer therapy targeting microbiome. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:3619-3624. [PMID: 31190864 PMCID: PMC6526180 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s207546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the human intestinal tract, there are more than 100 trillion symbiotic bacteria, which form the gut microbiota. Approximately 70% of the human immune system is in the intestinal tract, which prevents infection by pathogenic bacteria. When the intestinal microbiota is disturbed, causing dysbiosis, it can lead to obesity, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder and cancer. Recent metabolomics analyses have also made the association between the microbiota and carcinogenesis clear. Here, we review the current evidence on the association between the microbiota and gastric, bladder, hepatobiliary, pancreatic, lung and colorectal cancer. Moreover, several animal studies have revealed that probiotics seem to be effective for the prevention of carcinogenesis to some extent. In this review, we focused on this relationship between the microbiota and cancer, and considered how to prevent cancer using strategies involving the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Nagano
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takehiro Otoshi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hazama
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Kiriu
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kanoko Umezawa
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Naoko Katsurada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Li SC, Hsu WF, Chang JS, Shih CK. Combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Shows a Stronger Anti-Inflammatory Effect than Individual Strains in HT-29 Cells. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11050969. [PMID: 31035617 PMCID: PMC6566532 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an emerging health problem associated with the dysregulation of the intestinal immune system and microbiome. Probiotics are able to reduce inflammatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). However, entire signaling pathways and the interaction between different probiotics have not been well-documented. This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of single and combined probiotics. HT-29 cells were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, treated with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis or their combination and analyzed for inflammation-related molecules. Both L. acidophilus and B. animalis subsp. lactis reduced interleukin (IL)-8 secretion and the expressions of phosphorylated p65 nuclear factor-kappa B (p-p65 NF-κB), phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), while they increased toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression. L. acidophilus did not decrease intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) but enhanced the inhibitory efficacy of B. animalis subsp. lactis. Combined probiotics showed the best anti-inflammatory activity. These results suggest that L. acidophilus and B. animalis subsp. lactis may exert a potent anti-inflammatory effect through modulating TLR2-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in inflammatory IECs. Both strains, especially their combination, may be novel adjuvants for IBD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing-Chung Li
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Fang Hsu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Jung-Su Chang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Kuang Shih
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Master Program in Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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44
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Curciarello R, Canziani KE, Docena GH, Muglia CI. Contribution of Non-immune Cells to Activation and Modulation of the Intestinal Inflammation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:647. [PMID: 31024529 PMCID: PMC6467945 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The mucosal immune system constitutes a physical and dynamic barrier against foreign antigens and pathogens and exerts control mechanisms to maintain intestinal tolerance to the microbiota and food antigens. Chronic alterations of the intestinal homeostasis predispose to inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). There is growing evidence that the frequency and severity of these diseases are increasing worldwide, which may be probably due to changes in environmental factors. Several stromal and immune cells are involved in this delicate equilibrium that dictates homeostasis. In this review we aimed to summarize the role of epithelial cells and fibroblasts in the induction of mucosal inflammation in the context of IBD. It has been extensively described that environmental factors are key players in this process, and the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract is currently being intensively investigated due to its profound impact the immune response. Recent findings have demonstrated the interplay between dietary and environmental components, the gut microbiome, and immune cells. "Western" dietary patterns, such as high caloric diets, and pollution can induce alterations in the gut microbiome that in turn affect the intestinal and systemic homeostasis. Here we summarize current knowledge on the influence of dietary components and air particulate matters on gut microbiome composition, and the impact on stromal and immune cells, with a particular focus on promoting local inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Curciarello
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Karina Eva Canziani
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Horacio Docena
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Isabel Muglia
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
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45
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Probiotic Bacteria: A Promising Tool in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Curr Microbiol 2019; 76:939-949. [PMID: 30949803 PMCID: PMC6586914 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-019-01679-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is widely considered to be one of the most important components to maintain balanced homeostasis. Looking forward, probiotic bacteria have been shown to play a significant role in immunomodulation and display antitumour properties. Bacterial strains could be responsible for detection and degradation of potential carcinogens and production of short-chain fatty acids, which affect cell death and proliferation and are known as signaling molecules in the immune system. Lactic acid bacteria present in the gut has been shown to have a role in regression of carcinogenesis due to their influence on immunomodulation, which can stand as a proof of interaction between bacterial metabolites and immune and epithelial cells. Probiotic bacteria have the ability to both increase and decrease the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines which play an important role in prevention of carcinogenesis. They are also capable of activating phagocytes in order to eliminate early-stage cancer cells. Application of heat-killed probiotic bacteria coupled with radiation had a positive influence on enhancing immunological recognition of cancer cells. In the absence of active microbiota, murine immunity to carcinogens has been decreased. There are numerous cohort studies showing the correlation between ingestion of dairy products and the risk of colon and colorectal cancer. An idea of using probiotic bacteria as vectors to administer drugs has emerged lately as several papers presenting successful results have been revealed. Within the next few years, probiotic bacteria as well as gut microbiota are likely to become an important component in cancer prevention and treatment.
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46
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The Impact of Lactobacillus plantarum on the Gut Microbiota of Mice with DSS-Induced Colitis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3921315. [PMID: 30915354 PMCID: PMC6402223 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3921315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is due in part to a loss of equilibrium among the gut microbiota, epithelial cells, and resident immune cells. The gut microbiota contains a large proportion of probiotic commensal Lactobacillus species; some natural microbiota and probiotics confer protection against IBD. In this study, mice with colitis triggered by dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) were given Lactobacillus plantarum orally. We assessed the damage caused by DSS and the therapeutic activity of L. plantarum. The colitis triggered by DSS was less severe in the mice that received the L. plantarum treatment, which also diversified the microbe species in the colon, enhanced the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, and diminished the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. The taxonomic units of greatest diversity in the DSS and L. plantarum groups were identified using a linear discriminant and effect size (LEfSe) analysis. Aliihoeflea was established to be the genus of bacteria that was affected in the L. plantarum group most extensively. In conclusion, gut health was promoted by L. plantarum, as it diversified the microbes in the colon and restricted the activity of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine. Moreover, according to the LEfSe analysis, the DSS group was impacted more significantly by gut microorganisms than the L. plantarum group, suggesting that L. plantarum improved the stability of the intestinal tract.
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Lee YP, Chiu CC, Lin TJ, Hung SW, Huang WC, Chiu CF, Huang YT, Chen YH, Chen TH, Chuang HL. The germ-free mice monocolonization with Bacteroides fragilis improves azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2019; 41:207-213. [PMID: 30706742 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2019.1569047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is generally considered as a major risk factor in the progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Previous studies have indicated that the composition of gut microflora may be involved in CAC induction and progress. Bacteroides fragilis (BF) is a Gram-negative anaerobe belonging to colonic symbiotic bacteria of the host. This study was aimed to investigate the protective role of BF in a colorectal cancer (CRC) model induced by azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in germ-free (GF) mice. Materials and methods: Total 22 GF mice were divided into two groups: GF and BF group. Half of the GF mice were colonized with BF for 28 days before CRC induction by AOM/DSS. Results: BF colonization increased animal survival (100%). Cecum weight and cecum/body weight ratio significantly decreased in BF/AOM/DSS group. Interestingly, there was a significant decrease in tumor number and tumor incidence in the BF/AOM/DSS group as compared to the GF/AOM/DSS group. The adenocarcinoma/adenoma incidence and histologic score were also decreased in the BF/AOM/DSS group. In addition, immunohistochemistry staining found decreased numbers of cell proliferation (PCNA) and inflammatory cell (granulocytes) infiltration in the colon mucosa of the BF group. The β-catenin staining in the BF/AOM/DSS group had fewer and weaker positive signal expressions. Taking together, the BF colonization significantly ameliorated AOM/DSS-induced CRC by suppressing the activity of cell proliferation-related molecules and reducing the number of inflammatory cells. Conclusions: Symbiotic BF may play a pivotal role in maintaining the gastrointestinal immunophysiologic balance and regulating anti-tumorigenesis responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Peng Lee
- a Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology , College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chao Chiu
- b Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Laboratories , Agricultural Technology Research Institute , Miaoli , Taiwan
| | - Tien-Jen Lin
- c Department of Neurosurgery , Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan.,d Graduate Institute of Sports Science , College of Exercise and Health Sciences, National Taiwan Sport University , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,e Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Shao-Wen Hung
- b Division of Animal Industry, Animal Technology Laboratories , Agricultural Technology Research Institute , Miaoli , Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Huang
- f Department of Exercise and Health Science , National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Chiu
- g Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences , College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yen-Te Huang
- h National Laboratory Animal Center , National Applied Research Laboratories , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsun Chen
- a Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology , College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Ter-Hsin Chen
- a Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology , College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Li Chuang
- h National Laboratory Animal Center , National Applied Research Laboratories , Taipei , Taiwan
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48
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Kim DH, Kim S, Lee JH, Kim JH, Che X, Ma HW, Seo DH, Kim TI, Kim WH, Kim SW, Cheon JH. Lactobacillus acidophilus suppresses intestinal inflammation by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 34:178-185. [PMID: 29933526 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling play significant roles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Thus, we evaluated whether new therapeutic probiotics have anti-colitic effects, and we investigated their mechanisms related to NF-κB and ER-stress pathways. METHODS Luciferase, nitric oxide, and cytokine assays using HT-29 or RAW264.7 cells were conducted. Mouse colitis was induced using dextran sulfate sodium and confirmed by disease activity index and histology. Macrophages and T-cell subsets in isolated peritoneal cavity cells and splenocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Gene and cytokine expression profiles were determined using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA1) and Pediococcus pentosaceus inhibited nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells, but only LA1 inhibited Tnfa and induced Il10 expression. LA1 increased the lifespan of dextran sulfate sodium-treated mice and attenuated the severity of colitis by inducing M2 macrophages in peritoneal cavity cells and Th2 and Treg cells in splenocytes. The restoration of goblet cells in the colon was accompanied by the induction of Il10 expression and the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, we found that LA1 exerts an anti-colitic effect by improving ER stress in HT-29 cells as well as in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We showed that LA1 significantly interferes with ER stress and suppresses NF-κB activation. Our findings suggest that LA1 can be used as a potent immunomodulator in IBD treatment, and the regulation of ER stress may have significant implications in treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hye Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soochan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ha Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Promotion, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xiumei Che
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hyuk Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Ii Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Ho Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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49
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Wang JJ, Li SH, Li AL, Zhang QM, Ni WW, Li MN, Meng XC, Li C, Jiang SL, Pan JC, Li YY. Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus KLDS 1.0738 on miRNA expression in in vitro and in vivo models of β-lactoglobulin allergy. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:1955-1963. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1495551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate the correlation between the ability of L. acidophilus to modulate miRNA expression and prevent Th17-dominated β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) allergy. In vitro immunomodulation was evaluated by measuring splenocyte proliferation, Th17-related immune response and miRNA expression in β-Lg-sensitized splenocytes cultured with live L. acidophilus. Next, the allergic mouse model was used to evaluate anti-allergy capability of lactobacilli. The β-Lg challenge led to induction of up-regulation of miR-146a, miR-155, miR-21 and miR-9 expression in both in vivo and in vitro, along with increased Th17-related cytokine levels and mRNA expression of RORγt and IL-17. However, treatment of live L. acidophilus significantly suppressed hypersensitivity responses and Th17 cell differentiation. Moreover, administration of live L. acidophilus reduced expression of four miRNAs, especially miR-146a and miR-155. In addition, the decreased expression of the miRNAs in the spleen of the L. acidophilus-treated group was closely associated with decrease of IL-17 and RORγt mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-juan Wang
- Key laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, and Food Science College, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
| | - Si-han Li
- Key laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, and Food Science College, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
| | - Ai-li Li
- Key laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, and Food Science College, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi-min Zhang
- Key laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, and Food Science College, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei-wei Ni
- Key laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, and Food Science College, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
| | - Mei-na Li
- Key laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, and Food Science College, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang-chen Meng
- Key laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, and Food Science College, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
| | - Chun Li
- Key laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, and Food Science College, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Jian-cun Pan
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan-yuan Li
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co., Ltd, Harbin, China
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50
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Fernández J, Moreno FJ, Olano A, Clemente A, Villar CJ, Lombó F. A Galacto-Oligosaccharides Preparation Derived From Lactulose Protects Against Colorectal Cancer Development in an Animal Model. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2004. [PMID: 30233512 PMCID: PMC6127505 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common neoplasias worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. Consumption of prebiotics is a useful strategy in order to prevent this important disease. These nutraceutical compounds might exert protective biological functions as antitumors. In order to test the chemopreventive effect of GOS-Lu (galacto-oligosaccharides derived from lactulose) prebiotic preparation against this cancer, an animal model (Rattus norvegicus F344) was used. In this model, two doses of azoxymethane (10 mg/kg) and two treatments with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) were administered to the animals. Animals were fed for 20 weeks, and either control drinking water or drinking water containing 10% (w/w) GOS-Lu prebiotic preparation was provided to them. Animals were sacrificed after those 20 weeks, and their digestive tract tissues were analyzed. The results revealed a statistically significant reduction in the number of colon tumors in the GOS-Lu cohort with respect to control animals. Metagenomics sequencing was used for studying colon microbiota populations, revealing significant reductions in populations of pro-inflammatory bacteria families and species, and significant increases in interesting beneficial populations, such as Bifidobacterium. Therefore, oral administration of the prebiotic GOS-Lu preparation may be an effective strategy for preventing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fernández
- Research Unit "Biotechnology in Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds-BIONUC", Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - F J Moreno
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Olano
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Claudio J Villar
- Research Unit "Biotechnology in Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds-BIONUC", Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Felipe Lombó
- Research Unit "Biotechnology in Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Compounds-BIONUC", Departamento de Biología Funcional, Área de Microbiología, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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