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Hanssen KM, Haber M, Fletcher JI. Targeting multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1)-expressing cancers: Beyond pharmacological inhibition. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 59:100795. [PMID: 34983733 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy remains one of the most significant obstacles to successful cancer treatment. While inhibiting drug efflux mediated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters is a seemingly attractive and logical approach to combat multidrug resistance (MDR), small molecule inhibition of ABC transporters has so far failed to confer clinical benefit, despite considerable efforts by medicinal chemists, biologists, and clinicians. The long-sought treatment to eradicate cancers displaying ABC transporter overexpression may therefore lie within alternative targeting strategies. When aberrantly expressed, the ABC transporter multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1, ABCC1) confers MDR, but can also shift cellular redox balance, leaving the cell vulnerable to select agents. Here, we explore the physiological roles of MRP1, the rational for targeting this transporter in cancer, the development of small molecule MRP1 inhibitors, and the most recent developments in alternative therapeutic approaches for targeting cancers with MRP1 overexpression. We discuss approaches that extend beyond simple MRP1 inhibition by exploiting the collateral sensitivity to glutathione depletion and ferroptosis, the rationale for targeting the shared transcriptional regulators of both MRP1 and glutathione biosynthesis, advances in gene silencing, and new molecules that modulate transporter activity to the detriment of the cancer cell. These strategies illustrate promising new approaches to address multidrug resistant disease that extend beyond the simple reversal of MDR and offer exciting routes for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley M Hanssen
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jamie I Fletcher
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Vladimirov YA, Sarisozen C, Vladimirov GK, Filipczak N, Polimova AM, Torchilin VP. The Cytotoxic Action of Cytochrome C/Cardiolipin Nanocomplex (Cyt-CL) on Cancer Cells in Culture. Pharm Res 2017; 34:1264-1275. [PMID: 28321609 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effect of existing anti-cancer therapies is based mainly on the stimulation of apoptosis in cancer cells. Here, we have demonstrated the ability of a catalytically-reactive nanoparticle-based complex of cytochrome c with cardiolipin (Cyt-CL) to induce the apoptosis and killing of cancer cells in a monolayer cell culture. METHODS Cyt-CL nanoparticles were prepared by complexing CytC with different molar excesses of CL. Following characterization, cytotoxicity and apoptosis inducing effects of nanoparticles were investigated. In an attempt to identify the anticancer activity mechanism of Cyt-CL, pseudo-lipoxygenase and lipoperoxidase reaction kinetics were measured by chemiluminescence. RESULTS Using chemiluminescence, we have demonstrated that the Cyt-CL complex produces lipoperoxide radicals in two reactions: by decomposition of lipid hydroperoxides, and by lipid peroxidation under the action of H2O2. Antioxidants inhibited the formation of lipid radicals. Cyt-CL nanoparticles, but not the CytC alone, dramatically enhanced the level of apoptosis and cell death in two cell lines: drug-sensitive (A2780) and doxorubicin-resistant (A2780-Adr). The proposed mechanism of the cytotoxic action of Cyt-CL involves either penetration through the cytoplasm and outer mitochondrial membrane and catalysis of lipid peroxidation reactions at the inner mitochondrial membrane, or/and activation of lipid peroxidation within the cytoplasmic membrane. CONCLUSIONS Here we propose a new type of anticancer nano-formulation, with an action based on the catalytic action of Cyt-CL nanoparticles on the cell membrane and and/or mitochondrial membranes that results in lipid peroxidation reactions, which give rise to activation of apoptosis in cancer cells, including multidrug resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury A Vladimirov
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119192, Russian Federation. .,Federal Research Center: Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 59, Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation.
| | - Can Sarisozen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Georgy K Vladimirov
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1 Lomonosovsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119192, Russian Federation.,Federal Research Center: Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 59, Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation
| | - Nina Filipczak
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Anastasia M Polimova
- Federal Research Center: Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 59, Moscow, 119333, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
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Haus-Cohen M, Assaraf YG, Binyamin L, Benhar I, Reiter Y. The clinical utility of serum CA 19-9 in the diagnosis, prognosis and management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma: An evidence based appraisal. J Gastrointest Oncol 2012; 109:750-8. [PMID: 14999785 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.20037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum carbohydrate antigen (CA 19-9) is the most common tumor marker assessed in pancreatic cancer patients; nevertheless few articles have comprehensively evaluated the evidence for its utility in pancreatic cancer management. METHODS Literature search was performed using Medline with keywords "pancreatic cancer", "tumor markers", "CA 19-9", "diagnosis", "screening", "prognosis", "resectability" and "recurrence". All English language articles pertaining to the role of CA 19-9 in pancreatic cancer were critically analyzed to determine its utility as a biomarker for pancreatic cancer. RESULTS Serum CA 19-9 is the most extensively validated pancreatic cancer biomarker with multiple clinical applications. CA 19-9 serum levels have a sensitivity and specificity of 79-81% and 82-90% respectively for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in symptomatic patients; but are not useful as a screening marker because of low positive predictive value (0.5-0.9%). Pre-operative CA 19-9 serum levels provide useful prognostic information as patients with normal levels (<37 U/mL) have a prolonged median survival (32-36 months) compared to patients with elevated levels (>37 U/mL) (12-15 months). A CA 19-9 serum level of <100 U/mL implies likely resectable disease whereas levels >100 U/mL suggest unresectablity or metastatic disease. Normalization or a decrease in post-operative CA 19-9 serum levels by ≥20-50% from baseline following surgical resection or chemotherapy is associated with prolonged survival compared to failure of CA 19-9 serum levels to normalize or an increase. Important limitations to CA 19-9 serum level evaluation in pancreatic cancer include poor sensitivity, false negative results in Lewis negative phenotype (5-10%) and increased false positivity in the presence of obstructive jaundice (10-60%). CONCLUSIONS CA 19-9 is the most extensively studied and validated serum biomarker for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in symptomatic patients. CA 19-9 serum levels can provide important information with regards to prognosis, overall survival, and response to chemotherapy as well as predict post-operative recurrence. However, non-specific expression in several benign and malignant diseases, false negative results in Lewis negative genotype and an increased false positive results in the presence of obstructive jaundice severely limit the universal applicability of serum CA 19-9 levels in pancreatic cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Haus-Cohen
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Gattenlöhner S, Jörißen H, Huhn M, Vincent A, Beeson D, Tzartos S, Mamalaki A, Etschmann B, Muller-Hermelink HK, Koscielniak E, Barth S, Marx A. A human recombinant autoantibody-based immunotoxin specific for the fetal acetylcholine receptor inhibits rhabdomyosarcoma growth in vitro and in a murine transplantation model. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:187621. [PMID: 20204062 PMCID: PMC2829619 DOI: 10.1155/2010/187621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common malignant soft tissue tumor in children and is highly resistant to all forms of treatment currently available once metastasis or relapse has commenced. As it has recently been determined that the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) gamma-subunit, which defines the fetal AChR (fAChR) isoform, is almost exclusively expressed in RMS post partum, we recombinantly fused a single chain variable fragment (scFv) derived from a fully human anti-fAChR Fab-fragment to Pseudomonas exotoxin A to generate an anti-fAChR immunotoxin (scFv35-ETA). While scFv35-ETA had no damaging effect on fAChR-negative control cell lines, it killed human embryonic and alveolar RMS cell lines in vitro and delayed RMS development in a murine transplantation model. These results indicate that scFv35-ETA may be a valuable new therapeutic tool as well as a relevant step towards the development of a fully human immunotoxin directed against RMS. Moreover, as approximately 20% of metastatic malignant melanomas (MMs) display rhabdoid features including the expression of fAChR, the immunotoxin we developed may also prove to be of significant use in the treatment of these more common and most often fatal neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Gattenlöhner
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - H. Jörißen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Product Development, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Forckenbeckstraße 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - M. Huhn
- Neurosciences Group, Department of Clinical Neurology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - A. Vincent
- Neurosciences Group, Department of Clinical Neurology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - D. Beeson
- Neurosciences Group, Department of Clinical Neurology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU Oxford, UK
| | - S. Tzartos
- Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127, Vas. Sofias Avenue 11521, Athens, Greece
| | - A. Mamalaki
- Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127, Vas. Sofias Avenue 11521, Athens, Greece
| | - B. Etschmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - E. Koscielniak
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Olga Hospital, 70176 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - S. Barth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Product Development, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Forckenbeckstraße 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - A. Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer Ufer 1-3, 68135 Mannheim, Greece
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Turgut S, Turgut G, Atalay EO. Genotype and allele frequency of human multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene C3435T polymorphism in Denizli province of Turkey. Mol Biol Rep 2006; 33:295-300. [PMID: 17080296 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-006-9022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2006] [Accepted: 05/11/2006] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Human p-glycoprotein encoded by human multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene, is a transmembrane protein that serves as efflux pump for a wide variety of lipophilic compounds possessing a physiological role in protecting cells against the DNA damaging of certain xenobiotics. According to the published data, the frequency of C3435T polymorphism differs depending on the different ethnical populations such as Asian, African, and Caucasians populations. In our study, we identified the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism in 150 healthy volunteers in Denizli province of Turkey. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples by standard phenol/chloroform extraction method. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for the detection of C3435T single nucleotide polymorphism. We obtained CC, CT and TT genotype frequencies as 20, 53 and 27%, respectively. According to our results, the C allele in Turkish population (Denizli province, west of Turkey) is found 47% and this data shows similarity with Caucasian (UK and German) populations and significantly lower than African populations (p < 0.001). Our study is the first data on the genotype and allele frequency of the human multidrug resistance (MDR1) Gene C3435T Polymorphism in Denizli Province at regional basis in Turkey. Our results could serve as a basis for large-scale correlation studies on the relevance of C3435T genotype in cancer therapy and other diseases in Turkish population. Investigation of genotype frequencies related with p-glycoprotein substrates should be investigated in large scale at regional bases in Turkish population. The scaled-up data might help either to the use of p-glycoprotein substrates to be used for therapeutic applications and population genetics considering the genotype frequencies possibly occurring throughout the history in Anatolian basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebahat Turgut
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Pamukkale University, 20070, Denizli, Turkey.
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Martínez-Torrecuadrada J, Cifuentes G, López-Serra P, Saenz P, Martínez A, Casal JI. Targeting the extracellular domain of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 with human single-chain Fv antibodies inhibits bladder carcinoma cell line proliferation. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:6280-90. [PMID: 16144932 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous gene expression studies have shown that fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) is overexpressed in early stages of bladder cancer. To study the potential use of therapeutic antibodies against FGFR3, we have produced a collection of human single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody fragments by using phage display libraries. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Two "naïve" semi-synthetic human scFv libraries were used to select antibodies against the extracellular domain of FGFR3alpha(IIIc). The reactivity of the selected scFvs with a recombinant FGFR3 was characterized by an enzyme immunoassay and surface plasmon resonance analysis and with RT112 bladder carcinoma cells by a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. The capacity of the selected scFvs to block RT112 cell proliferation was determined. RESULTS We have isolated six human scFv antibody fragments directed against FGFR3. These human scFvs specifically bound FGFR3, but not the homologous molecule FGFR1. Biacore analysis was used to determine the affinity constants, which ranged from 12 to 40 nmol/L. Competition analysis showed that the FGF9 ligand was able to block the binding of two scFvs, 3C and 7D, to FGFR3, whereas FGF1 only blocked 7D. Immunoprecipitation and flow cytometric analysis confirmed the specificity of the antibodies to native membrane FGFR3. Two scFvs, 3C and 7D, gave an strong immunofluorescence staining of RT112 cells. Moreover, they recognized equally well wild-type and mutant FGFR3 containing the activating mutation S249C. Furthermore, they blocked proliferation of RT112 cells in a dose- and FGF-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that these human anti-FGFR3 scFv antibodies may have potential applications as antitumoral agents in bladder cancer.
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Binyamin L, Assaraf YG, Reiter Y. Probing ATP-dependent conformational changes in the multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1) in live tumor cells with a novel recombinant single-chain Fv antibody targeted to the extracellular N-terminus. Int J Cancer 2005; 116:703-9. [PMID: 15838832 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.21124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1) is an ATP-driven transporter that mediates the cellular extrusion of various chemotherapeutic agents. We have previously isolated a novel recombinant single-chain Fv antibody (A5scFv), which specifically targets the extracellular N-terminus of the human MRP1 expressed on the surface of live tumor cells. Fusion of A5scFv to Pseudomonas exotoxin revealed an immunotoxin that bound to the immobilized MRP1-derived peptide upon ELISA, but surprisingly failed to recognize MRP1 on the surface of live tumor cells. As these results suggested that the N-terminus of MRP1 has a limited accessibility to the extracellular space, we used the A5scFv antibody to probe for putative conformational changes that might occur in viable tumor cells upon ATP binding. A5scFv recognized viable MRP1-expressing cells with intact ATP pools, whereas ATP depletion resulted in the loss of A5scFv reactivity. Consistently, restoration of cellular ATP levels resulted in resumption of A5scFv binding to MRP1 in live tumor cells. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed that ATP-depleted cells accumulated significantly higher levels of the established substrate calcein AM, whereas after restoration of cellular ATP pools, cells displayed a much lower level of calcein AM accumulation. Moreover, pretreatment of MRP1-expressing cells with the membrane fluidizer benzyl alcohol resulted in a dramatic increase in A5scFv reactivity, suggesting that membrane fluidization results in the exposure of the N-terminus of MRP1 to the extracellular milieu. These results constitute the first extracellular probing of the putative conformational changes that MRP1 adopts in viable tumor cells upon ATP binding. Furthermore, although ATP binding occurs in the cytosolic nucleotide binding domains of MRP1, significant conformational changes are apparently propagated to the N-terminus residing at the extracellular compartment.
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Zhang J, Liu YF, Yang SJ, Qiao Q, Cheng H, Zhang CS, Ma FC, Guo HZ. Primary targeting of recombinant Fv-immunotoxin hscFv 25-mTNFα against hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10:1872-5. [PMID: 15222026 PMCID: PMC4572220 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i13.1872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: To obtain human recombinant Fv-immunotoxin hscFv25-mTNFα (mutant human TNFα fused to human scFv25) against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
METHODS: Two relevant sites of enzymatic digestion were added to mTNFα by PCR. mTNFα was linked to the 3’ end of hscFv25 in pGEX4T-1 vector. This anti-HCC recombinant Fv-immunotoxin hscFv25-mTNFα was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified from inclusions. After purified by glutathione-S-transferase affinity chromatography and thrombin digestion, it was identified by electrophoresis and Western blot. And then, the purified recombinant Fv-immunotoxin was injected into nude mice with HCC xenografts through their tail veins. mTNFα protein and PBS were used as control at the same time. After treated for two weeks, nude mice were executed. The bulk and weight of tumors were observed. The tumor tissues were stained by immunohistochemical method with TNFα antibody.
RESULTS: The expression ratio of recombinant Fv-immunotoxin hscFv25-mTNFα was 12% of bacterial protein. The result of tumor restraining trials of hscFv25-mTNFα showed 2/5 complete remission and 3/5 partial remission. mTNFα restraining trials showed 5/5 partial remission. The therapeutic result of hscFv25-mTNFα was better than that of mTNFα (F = 8.70, P < 0.05). The hscFv25-mTNFα remedial tumor tissues were positive for TNFα by immunohistochemical staining. The positive granules mainly existed in the cytoplasm of tumor cell.
CONCLUSION: Recombinant Fv-immunotoxin hscFv25-mTNFα has better therapeutic effect than mTNFα. It can inhibit the cellular growth of HCC and has some potential of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710033, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Gao Y, Xiong D, Yang M, Liu H, Peng H, Shao X, Xu Y, Xu C, Fan D, Qin L, Yang C, Zhu Z. Efficient inhibition of multidrug-resistant human tumors with a recombinant bispecific anti-P-glycoprotein × anti-CD3 diabody. Leukemia 2004; 18:513-20. [PMID: 14981526 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Overexpressing of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) has been shown to be responsible for cancer resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents. Immunotherapy with biological agents, such as bispecific antibodies (BsAbs), may represent a promising approach to overcome the emergence of drug resistance. Here we constructed a recombinant BsAb, a diabody, with specificities to both CD3 on human T-lymphocyte and Pgp on cancer cells. The diabody was produced in Escherichia coli in a soluble functional form and purified by an affinity chromatography with a yield of >4 mg/l culture medium in shaker flask. The diabody binds to both CD3 on T-lymphocytes and Pgp on multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumor cells with affinities that are comparable to its respective parental single chain Fv molecules. In the presence of activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), the diabody mediates effectively the lysis of the Pgp-overexpressing human leukemia K562/A02 and epidermoid carcinoma KBv(200) cells, but is much less potent in mediating the lysis of the parent K562 and KB cells. Further, the diabody localized selectively within the K562/A02 xenografts in mice. When combined with activated PBL, the diabody significantly inhibited the growth of K562/A02 and KBv(200), but had no effect on K562 and KB xenografts. In contrast, treatment with doxorubicin, a standard chemotherapeutic agent, only inhibited the growth of K562 and KB, but had no effect on K562/A02 and KBv(200) xenografts. Taken together, our results suggest that the anti-Pgp x anti-CD3 diabody may have a great potential in the treatment of various MDR cancers.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/immunology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bispecific/therapeutic use
- Binding Sites, Antibody
- CD3 Complex/immunology
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Drug Resistance, Multiple
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Genetic Vectors
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control
- Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
- Survival Rate
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Tianjin Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
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Binyamin L, Assaraf YG, Haus-Cohen M, Stark M, Reiter Y. Targeting an extracellular epitope of the human multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) in malignant cells with a novel recombinant single chain Fv antibody. Int J Cancer 2004; 110:882-90. [PMID: 15170671 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.20177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Inherent and acquired multidrug resistance (MDR) is characterized by a simultaneous resistance to diverse anticancer drugs and is a major impediment towards curative chemotherapy of cancer. Hence one important goal is to develop strategies aimed at specific targeting of major anticancer drug efflux transporters of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily including multidrug resistance protein 1 -MRP1 (ABCC1). To date, no monoclonal antibody has been isolated that can target an extracellular MRP1 epitope. Using a phage display approach, we have isolated a recombinant single-chain Fv (scFv) antibody that specifically reacts with the extracellular N-terminus of the human MRP1. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that this scFv fragment binds specifically to various viable human tumor cells that display variable MRP1 expression levels but not to MRP1 null cells. Furthermore, this scFv antibody failed to react with tumor cells that overexpress other members of the MRP family that have an extracellular N-terminus (MRP2 and MRP3) as well as with MRP4, MRP5, and breast cancer resistance protein. Flow cytometric analysis also showed a good correlation between the fluorescence intensity of the anti-MRP1 scFv antibody and MRP1 levels in viable tumor cells. These findings constitute the first successful isolation of a small recombinant scFv antibody directed to an extracellular epitope of the MRP1 in viable malignant cells. These novel small Fv-based recombinant antibodies that possess superior tumor penetration capabilities may possibly be used to selectively target drugs or tumor cells that express MRP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Binyamin
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Room 333, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Abstract
Recombinant antibodies currently represent over 30% of biopharmaceuticals in clinical trials, highlighted by the recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals of Zevalin(TM) (ibritumomab-tiuxetan; IDEC Pharmaceuticals, San Dieago, CA, USA) for cancer radioimmunotherapy and Humira(TM) (adalimumab; Abbott Laboratories, IL, USA) for rheumatoid arthritis. Together, these FDA approvals have excited the biotechnology industry, particularly since sales of recombinant antibodies are increasing rapidly to a predicted US dollar 4 billion per annum worldwide in 2003. To date, 10 engineered therapeutic antibodies have gained FDA approval and many others are in Phase III trials. Many recent FDA-approved antibodies are simple molecular designs that have taken 10 years to be developed into effective therapeutic reagents. Emerging new technologies have created a vast range of recombinant, antibody-based reagents, which specifically target clinical biomarkers of disease. Radiolabelling of antibodies has increased their potential for cancer imaging and targeting. Recombinant antibodies have also been reduced in size and rebuilt into multivalent molecules for higher affinity. In addition, antibodies have been fused with many molecules, including toxins, enzymes, drugs and viruses, for prodrug therapy, cancer treatment and gene delivery. Recombinant antibody technology has enabled clever manipulations in the construction of complex in vitro libraries for the selection of high-affinity reagents against refractory targets. Furthermore, innovative affinity maturation methods have been developed which enable rapid selection of extremely high-affinity reagents. This review focuses on developments in the last 12 months and describes the latest developments in the design, production and clinical use of recombinant antibodies for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Souriau
- CRC for Diagnostics and CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, 343 Royal Parade, Parkville,Victoria, Australia 3052.
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Zhang J, Liu YF, Yang SJ, Qiao Q, Zhang SZ, Cheng H. Targeting therapeutic of humanized scFv25 and the fusion to mutant TNFα against hepatocellular carcinoma: a preliminary study. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2003; 11:285-288. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v11.i3.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the cytotoxic effects of humanized scFv25 and the fusion to mutant TNFα on HCC xenografts in nude mice.
METHODS: The mice with HCC xenografts were injected the purified recombinant immunotoxin through tail vain and executed after two weeks. The bulk and weight of tumor were observed. Expression of TNFα was detected by immunohistochemical staining in the tumor tissues.
RESULTS: The tumor regression trials of hscFv25-mTNFα showed 5/5 effective, with 2/5 completely remission and 3/5 partly remission. The therapeutic result of hscFv25-mTNFα was better than that of mutant TNFα (Xh2 = 6.62, P < 0.05). The HCC tissue treated by hscFv25-mTNFα expressed TNFα, and the positive granules were mainly existed in cytoplasm.
CONCLUSION: Recombinant immunotoxin the hscFV25-mTNFα can regress the growth of HCC with a great potential.
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