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Hou Y, Wang H, Wu J, Guo H, Chen X. Dissecting the pleiotropic roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lung cancer: From carcinogenesis toward therapy. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1566-1595. [PMID: 38284170 DOI: 10.1002/med.22018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The specific pulmonary structure to directly connect with ambient air makes it more susceptible to damage from airborne toxins. External oxidative stimuli and endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in promoting lung carcinogenesis and development. The biological properties of higher ROS levels in tumor cells than in normal cells make them more sensitive and vulnerable to ROS injury. Therefore, the strategy of targeting ROS has been proposed for cancer therapy for decades. However, it is embarrassing that countless attempts at ROS-based therapies have had very limited success, and no FDA approval in the anticancer list was mechanistically based on ROS manipulation. Even compared with the untargetable proteins, such as transcription factors, ROS are more difficult to be targeted due to their chemical properties. Thus, the pleiotropic roles of ROS provide therapeutic potential for anticancer drug discovery, while a better dissection of the mechanistic action and signaling pathways is a prerequisite for future breakthroughs. This review discusses the critical roles of ROS in cancer carcinogenesis, ROS-inspired signaling pathways, and ROS-based treatment, exemplified by lung cancer. In particular, an eight considerations rule is proposed for ROS-targeting strategies and drug design and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Heng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Bioactive Molecules & College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
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Sauer B, Lorenz NI, Divé I, Klann K, Luger AL, Urban H, Schröder JH, Steinbach JP, Münch C, Ronellenfitsch MW. Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition protects glioma cells from temozolomide-induced cell death. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:8. [PMID: 38182566 PMCID: PMC10770336 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01779-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an incurable brain tumor with a median survival below two years. Trials investigating targeted therapy with inhibitors of the kinase mTOR have produced ambiguous results. Especially combination of mTOR inhibition with standard temozolomide radiochemotherapy has resulted in reduced survival in a phase II clinical trial. To date, this phenomenon is only poorly understood. To recreate the therapeutic setting in vitro, we exposed glioblastoma cell lines to co-treatment with rapamycin and temozolomide and assessed cell viability, DNA damage and reactive oxygen species. Additionally, we employed a novel translatomic based mass spectrometry approach ("mePROD") to analyze acute changes in translated proteins. mTOR inhibition with rapamycin protected glioblastoma cells from temozolomide toxicity. Following co-treatment of temozolomide with rapamycin, an increased translation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-detoxifying proteins was detected by mass spectrometry. This was accompanied by improved ROS-homeostasis and reduced DNA damage. Additionally, rapamycin induced the expression of the DNA repair enzyme O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in glioblastoma cells with an unmethylated MGMT gene promotor. Inhibition of mTOR antagonized the cytotoxic effects of temozolomide in vitro. The induction of antioxidant defences and MGMT are two underlying candidate mechanisms. Further functional experiments in vitro and in vivo are warranted to characterize this effect that appears relevant for combinatorial therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Sauer
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nadja I Lorenz
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Iris Divé
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kevin Klann
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anna-Luisa Luger
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hans Urban
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Schröder
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Joachim P Steinbach
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian Münch
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael W Ronellenfitsch
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Zhang J, Li C, Ren K, Hong M, Cui J, Liu J. Cytotoxicity of alkaline serine protease (ASPNJ) on Jurkat cells and its correlation with changes in the expression of membrane-associated proteins. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23456. [PMID: 37439684 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
We aim to study the inhibitory effect of alkaline serine protease (ASPNJ) on lymphocytic leukemia Jurkat cells and its related mechanism through examining the expression of membrane proteins or membrane-associated proteins. MTT assay and trypan blue staining were used to detect the inhibitory effect of ASPNJ on the proliferation and growth of Jurkat cells. Wright-Giemsa staining was used to observe the effect of ASPNJ on the morphology of Jurkat cells. The effect of ASPNJ on Jurkat cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Two-dimensional electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (2-DE-MS) was used to detect and identify the differentially expressed proteins of Jurkat cells treated with ASPNJ (4 μg/mL, 3 h), of which three were selected and verified by Western blot. ASPNJ significantly inhibited the proliferation of leukemia cells (Raji, U937, and Jurkat), caused obvious morphological changes, and induced apoptosis of Jurkat cells. ASPNJ also increased the sensitivity of Jurkat cells to vincristine (VCR). Seven differentially expressed proteins were obtained through 2DE-MS, of which Peroxiredoxin-6 (PRDX6), Calcium-binding protein (CHP1), and 40S ribosomal protein SA (RPSA) were validated. ASPNJ can cause significant toxic effects on Jurkat cells and enhance the effects of VCR. The mechanism of action of ASPNJ on Jurkat cells may be related to differentially expressed proteins such as PRDX6. This study provides a new experimental basis and direction for antileukemia research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Zhang
- Biochemistry Department, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Functional Science Experiment Center, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunhua Li
- Biochemistry Department, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kai Ren
- Blood Transfusion Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Min Hong
- Biochemistry Department, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiayue Cui
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jiankai Liu
- Biochemistry Department, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Lee MK, Zhang X, Kim HJ, Hwang YS. Peroxiredoxin 5 is involved in cancer cell invasion and tumor growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2023; 29:423-435. [PMID: 33969595 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are antioxidant enzymes that can coordinate cell signal transduction via reactive species scavenging or by acting as redox sensors. The mechanism by which Prxs promote cancer invasion and progression is not yet fully understood. This study aims to elucidate the precise mechanism through which Prx type 5 (Prx5) promotes cancer invasion and tumor growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the Prx5 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by using microarray analysis for gene expression profiling. To identify Prx5 function in cancer, lentiviral short hairpin RNA was used for Prx5 depletion, and invasion assay and mouse xenograft were performed. RESULTS In microarray data obtained from OSCC patients, Prx5 showed higher expression at the tumor margin (TM) compared to the tumor center (TC) of the collective invasion. The depletion of Prx5 in OSCC cells (Prx5dep ) led to decreased invasion activity. In orthotopic xenograft models, Prx5dep cells harbored delimited tumorigenicity compared to wild-type cells as well as the suppression of lymph node metastasis. Prx5dep cells showed growth retardation and increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The growth retardation of Prx5dep cells resulted in G1 phase arrest. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that Prx5 removes excess ROS, especially in the TM, contributing to cancer invasion and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyeong Lee
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Republic of Korea
| | - Xianglan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China.,Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Jun Kim
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sun Hwang
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Republic of Korea
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Impairment of Ribosome Biogenesis Mediate the Apoptosis Induced by Ocimum x africanum Essential Oil in a Human Gastric Cancer Cell Line. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58060799. [PMID: 35744062 PMCID: PMC9227199 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Gastric cancer remains a major unmet clinical problem worldwide. Although conventional medical treatments are available, their curative effects are generally unsatisfactory. Consequently, it remains necessary to search natural products for potential alternatives in treating gastric cancer patients. Ocimum x africanum Lour. is a culinary herb that has been used in folk medicine for various diseases, but little is known regarding its anti-cancer activity against gastric cancer cells. In the current study, we focus on the anti-cancer mechanisms of O. x africanum essential oil (OAEO) in the AGS human gastric cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: After OAEO treatment, AGS cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Cell migration and apoptotic nuclear morphology were determined by wound-healing assay and DAPI staining, respectively. Gene expression levels of apoptosis-related genes were quantified by qRT–PCR. Differential protein expression was determined with an LC–MS/MS-based proteomics approach to identify the key proteins that may be important in the anti-cancer mechanisms of OAEO on AGS cells. The chemical constituents of OAEO were identified by GC–MS analysis. Results: We found OAEO to exhibit a potent growth-inhibiting effect on AGS cells, with an IC50 value of 42.73 µg/mL. After OAEO treatment for 24 h, AGS cell migration was significantly decreased relative to the untreated control. OAEO-treated AGS cells exhibited common features of apoptotic cell death, including cell shrinkage, membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation. Apoptotic cell death was confirmed by qRT–PCR for apoptosis-related genes, revealing that OAEO decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic genes (BCL2 and BCL-xL) and activated pro-apoptotic genes and apoptotic caspase genes (TP53, BAX, CASP9, CASP12, and CASP3). Moreover, expression of CASP8 was not changed after treatment. Proteomic analysis revealed that OAEO may produce a signature effect on protein clusters relating to unfolded protein accumulation, thereby inducing severe ER stress and also impairing ribosome synthesis. STRING analysis revealed seven up-regulated and 11 down-regulated proteins, which were significantly associated with protein folding and ribosome biogenesis, respectively. Using GC–MS analysis, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, citral, neral, and linalool were found to be the major chemical constituents in OAEO. Conclusions: Taken together, these results indicate that OAEO has a potential anti-proliferative effect on AGS cells. Our molecular findings show evidence supporting an important role of ER stress and ribosome biogenesis impairment in mediating the induction of cell death by OAEO through the mitochondrial-apoptotic pathway. This study, therefore, provides fundamental knowledge for future applications using OAEO as an alternative therapy in gastric cancer management.
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D’Amato M, Iadarola P, Viglio S. Proteomic Analysis of Human Sputum for the Diagnosis of Lung Disorders: Where Are We Today? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105692. [PMID: 35628501 PMCID: PMC9144372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of markers of inflammatory activity at the early stages of pulmonary diseases which share common characteristics that prevent their clear differentiation is of great significance to avoid misdiagnosis, and to understand the intrinsic molecular mechanism of the disorder. The combination of electrophoretic/chromatographic methods with mass spectrometry is currently a promising approach for the identification of candidate biomarkers of a disease. Since the fluid phase of sputum is a rich source of proteins which could provide an early diagnosis of specific lung disorders, it is frequently used in these studies. This report focuses on the state-of-the-art of the application, over the last ten years (2011-2021), of sputum proteomics in the investigation of severe lung disorders such as COPD; asthma; cystic fibrosis; lung cancer and those caused by COVID-19 infection. Analysis of the complete set of proteins found in sputum of patients affected by these disorders has allowed the identification of proteins whose levels change in response to the organism's condition. Understanding proteome dynamism may help in associating these proteins with alterations in the physiology or progression of diseases investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura D’Amato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.); (S.V.)
| | - Paolo Iadarola
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Simona Viglio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.D.); (S.V.)
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Neijenhuis LKA, de Myunck LDAN, Bijlstra OD, Kuppen PJK, Hilling DE, Borm FJ, Cohen D, Mieog JSD, Steup WH, Braun J, Burggraaf J, Vahrmeijer AL, Hutteman M. Near-Infrared Fluorescence Tumor-Targeted Imaging in Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030446. [PMID: 35330197 PMCID: PMC8950608 DOI: 10.3390/life12030446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer type worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most common subtype. Non-disseminated NSCLC is mainly treated with surgical resection. The intraoperative detection of lung cancer can be challenging, since small and deeply located pulmonary nodules can be invisible under white light. Due to the increasing use of minimally invasive surgical techniques, tactile information is often reduced. Therefore, several intraoperative imaging techniques have been tested to localize pulmonary nodules, of which near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence is an emerging modality. In this systematic review, the available literature on fluorescence imaging of lung cancers is presented, which shows that NIR fluorescence-guided lung surgery has the potential to identify the tumor during surgery, detect additional lesions and prevent tumor-positive resection margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne K. A. Neijenhuis
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.K.A.N.); (L.D.A.N.d.M.); (O.D.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (D.E.H.); (J.S.D.M.); (A.L.V.)
- Centre for Human Drug Research, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Lysanne D. A. N. de Myunck
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.K.A.N.); (L.D.A.N.d.M.); (O.D.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (D.E.H.); (J.S.D.M.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Okker D. Bijlstra
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.K.A.N.); (L.D.A.N.d.M.); (O.D.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (D.E.H.); (J.S.D.M.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Peter J. K. Kuppen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.K.A.N.); (L.D.A.N.d.M.); (O.D.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (D.E.H.); (J.S.D.M.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Denise E. Hilling
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.K.A.N.); (L.D.A.N.d.M.); (O.D.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (D.E.H.); (J.S.D.M.); (A.L.V.)
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J. Borm
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Danielle Cohen
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - J. Sven D. Mieog
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.K.A.N.); (L.D.A.N.d.M.); (O.D.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (D.E.H.); (J.S.D.M.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Willem H. Steup
- Department of Surgery, HAGA Hospital, 2545 AA The Hague, The Netherlands;
| | - Jerry Braun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Alexander L. Vahrmeijer
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.K.A.N.); (L.D.A.N.d.M.); (O.D.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (D.E.H.); (J.S.D.M.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Merlijn Hutteman
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (L.K.A.N.); (L.D.A.N.d.M.); (O.D.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (D.E.H.); (J.S.D.M.); (A.L.V.)
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-71-526-51-00
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Sun HN, Ren CX, Gong YX, Xie DP, Kwon T. Regulatory function of peroxiredoxin I on 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-induced lung cancer development. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:465. [PMID: 33907575 PMCID: PMC8063228 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a major cause of lung cancer, and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is one of the most important carcinogens in cigarette smoke. NNK modulates the expression of peroxiredoxin (Prdx) I in lung cancer. Prdx1 is upregulated in lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma, and considered a potential biomarker for lung cancer. The current article reviewed the role and regulatory mechanisms of Prdx1 in NNK-induced lung cancer cells. Prdx1 protects erythrocytes and DNA from NNK-induced oxidative damage, prevents malignant transformation of cells and promotes cytotoxicity of natural killer cells, hence suppressing tumor formation. In addition, Prdx1 has the ability to prevent NNK-induced lung tumor metabolic activity and generation of large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-induced apoptosis, thus promoting tumor cell survival. In contrast to this, Prdx1, together with NNK, can promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and migration of lung tumor cells. The signaling pathways associated with NNK and Prdx1 in lung cancer cells have been discussed in present review; however, numerous potential pathways are yet to be studied. To develop novel methods for treating NNK-induced lung cancer, and improve the survival rate of patients with lung cancer, further research is needed to understand the complete mechanism associated with NNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu-Nan Sun
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Xi Ren
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Xi Gong
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Ping Xie
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56216, Republic of Korea
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Overexpression of PRDX4 Modulates Tumor Microenvironment and Promotes Urethane-Induced Lung Tumorigenesis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8262730. [PMID: 33456675 PMCID: PMC7785354 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8262730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4), initially reported as an antioxidant, is overexpressed in lung cancer and participates in its progression. However, its role in the urethane-induced lung tumor model is undetermined. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PRDX4 overexpression on carcinogen-induced lung tumor development. Human PRDX4 overexpression transgenic (Tg) mice (hPRDX4+/+) and non-Tg mice were intraperitoneally injected with urethane to induce lung tumor. After 6 months, tumor formation was compared between groups and possible mechanisms for the difference in tumor development were investigated. The serum and lung PRDX4 expressions were enhanced after urethane stimulation in Tg mice. Both the average number of tumors (≥0.5 mm) and tumor diameter per mouse in the Tg group were significantly larger than in non-Tg controls, while body weight was lower in the Tg group. Compared with non-Tg controls, tumor cell proliferation was enhanced, while tumor cell apoptosis was suppressed in Tg mice. Systemic oxidative stress and oxidative stress in lung tumors were inhibited by PRDX4 overexpression. The balance of prooxidant enzymes and antioxidant enzymes was also shifted to a decreased level in Tg tumor. In lung tumor tissue, the density of microvessel penetrated into tumor was higher in the Tg group; macrophage infiltration was enhanced in Tg tumors, while there was no difference in T lymphocyte infiltration; the expressions of cytokines, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), were elevated in Tg tumors, which resulted from enhanced phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65) and c-Jun, respectively. In conclusion, PRDX4 overexpression modulated tumor microenvironment and promoted tumor development in the mouse urethane-induced lung cancer model.
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PRDX2 Promotes the Proliferation and Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8359860. [PMID: 32908916 PMCID: PMC7474358 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8359860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies have reported that the levels of PRDX2 were correlated with tumorigenicity, recurrence, and prognosis of patients with different cancers. We investigated the association between PRDX2 levels and the prognosis of lung cancer patients. We also measured PRDX2 expression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and examined its roles in the proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. Methods We used the Kaplan–Meier plotter to analyze the survival of different levels of PRDX2 in lung cancer patients. The expression of PRDX2 in normal bronchial epithelial cell line and NSCLC cell lines was measured by qRT-PCR and western blot assays. Biological functions of NSCLC cells were detected by CCK8 and Transwell assays. We constructed tumor growth model using subcutaneously injection of nude mice and metastasis model by tail vein injection in vivo. The protein levels of proliferation related markers were measured by immunohistochemistry assay. Immunofluorescence method was used to detected EMT-related proteins. Results The high levels of PRDX2 were associated with bad prognosis in lung cancer patients, especially in patients with adenocarcinoma. The expression of PRDX2 in NSCLC cell lines was higher than normal bronchial epithelial cells. Knockdown of PRDX2 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion in A549 cells, while overexpression of PRDX2 promoted the malignancy in NCI-H1299 cells in vitro. Silencing PRDX2 restrained tumor growth and repressed lung metastasis by EMT in vivo. Conclusion Our data indicates that PRDX2 functions as a protumor regulator and is involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression of lung cancer.
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11
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Chen X, Zhao Y, Luo W, Chen S, Lin F, Zhang X, Fan S, Shen X, Wang Y, Liang G. Celastrol induces ROS-mediated apoptosis via directly targeting peroxiredoxin-2 in gastric cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:10290-10308. [PMID: 32929349 PMCID: PMC7481428 DOI: 10.7150/thno.46728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress from elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been reported to induce cell apoptosis and may provide a means to target cancer cells. Celastrol is a natural bioactive compound that was recently shown to increase ROS levels and cause apoptosis in cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism for this cytotoxic action remains unclear and direct molecular targets of Celastrol have not been identified. Methods: Proteome microarray, surface plasmon resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry and molecular simulation were used to identify the molecular target of Celastrol. Binding and activity assays were used to validate the interaction of Celastrol with target protein in cell-free and gastric cancer cell lysates. We then assessed target transcript levels in in biopsy specimens obtained from patients with gastric cancer. Gastric cancer growth-limiting and cytotoxic activity of Celastrol was evaluated in BALB/c nu/nu mice. Results: Our data show that Celastrol directly binds to an antioxidant enzyme, peroxiredoxin-2 (Prdx2), which then inhibits its enzyme activity at both molecular and cellular level. Inhibition of Prdx2 by Celastrol increased cellular ROS levels and led to ROS-dependent endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Functional tests demonstrated that Celastrol limits gastric cancer cells, at least in part, through targeting Prdx2. Celastrol treatment of mice implanted with gastric cancer cells also inhibited tumor growth, associated with Prdx2 inhibition and increased ROS. Analysis of human gastric cancer also showed increased Prdx2 levels and correlation with survival. Conclusion: Our studies have uncovered a potential Celastrol-interacting protein Prdx2 and a ROS-dependent mechanism of its action. The findings also highlight Prdx2 as a potential target for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Reactive oxygen species-regulating proteins peroxiredoxin 2 and thioredoxin, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase are differentially abundant in induced sputum from smokers with lung cancer or asbestos exposure. Eur J Cancer Prev 2020; 29:238-247. [DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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13
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Metabolic reprogramming and disease progression in cancer patients. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165721. [PMID: 32057942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Genomics has contributed to the treatment of a fraction of cancer patients. However, there is a need to profile the proteins that define the phenotype of cancer and its pathogenesis. The reprogramming of metabolism is a major trait of the cancer phenotype with great potential for prognosis and targeted therapy. This review overviews the major changes reported in the steady-state levels of proteins of metabolism in primary carcinomas, paying attention to those enzymes that correlate with patients' survival. The upregulation of enzymes of glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, lipogenesis, glutaminolysis and the antioxidant defense is concurrent with the downregulation of mitochondrial proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation, emphasizing the potential of mitochondrial metabolism as a promising therapeutic target in cancer. We stress that high-throughput quantitative expression profiling of differentially expressed proteins in large cohorts of carcinomas paired with normal tissues will accelerate translation of metabolism to a successful personalized medicine in cancer.
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Evaluation of a novel monoclonal antibody mAb109 by immuno-PET/fluorescent imaging for noninvasive lung adenocarcinoma diagnosis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:101-109. [PMID: 31534200 PMCID: PMC7471445 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0294-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies are believed to be magic bullets and hold great potential for lots of biological process. About 100 μg of mAb109 was expressed in 5 × 106 cells after 10 days' immunization. 64Cu-NOTA-mAb109 was synthesized with the specific activity of 0.74 MBq/μg and high in vitro stability. The binding affinity of 64Cu-NOTA-mAb109 in A549 cells was determined to be 29.64 nM. 64Cu-NOTA-mAb109 displayed prominent tumor accumulation from 2 h to 60 h p.i. (9.34 ± 0.67 %ID/g). NIRF imaging of Cy5.5-mAb109 showed high accumulation till 9 days p.i., while tumors nearly can not be observed in negative groups, which was confirmed by autoradiography. Immunohistological study confirmed that mAb109 had strong and specific capacity to bind lung adenocarcinoma (concentration to 58 nM). Our study demonstrated mAb109 was a new platform for the development of novel agent for lung adenocarcinoma noninvasive imaging. The resulted 64Cu-NOTA-mAb109/Cy5.5-mAb109 show favorable imaging properties/specificity for A549 tumor and high sensitivity to human lung adenocarcinoma tissues.
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15
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Elko EA, Cunniff B, Seward DJ, Chia SB, Aboushousha R, van de Wetering C, van der Velden J, Manuel A, Shukla A, Heintz NH, Anathy V, van der Vliet A, Janssen-Heininger YMW. Peroxiredoxins and Beyond; Redox Systems Regulating Lung Physiology and Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:1070-1091. [PMID: 30799628 PMCID: PMC6767868 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The lung is a unique organ, as it is constantly exposed to air, and thus it requires a robust antioxidant defense system to prevent the potential damage from exposure to an array of environmental insults, including oxidants. The peroxiredoxin (PRDX) family plays an important role in scavenging peroxides and is critical to the cellular antioxidant defense system. Recent Advances: Exciting discoveries have been made to highlight the key features of PRDXs that regulate the redox tone. PRDXs do not act in isolation as they require the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase/NADPH, sulfiredoxin (SRXN1) redox system, and in some cases glutaredoxin/glutathione, for their reduction. Furthermore, the chaperone function of PRDXs, controlled by the oxidation state, demonstrates the versatility in redox regulation and control of cellular biology exerted by this class of proteins. Critical Issues: Despite the long-known observations that redox perturbations accompany a number of pulmonary diseases, surprisingly little is known about the role of PRDXs in the etiology of these diseases. In this perspective, we review the studies that have been conducted thus far to address the roles of PRDXs in lung disease, or experimental models used to study these diseases. Intriguing findings, such as the secretion of PRDXs and the formation of autoantibodies, raise a number of questions about the pathways that regulate secretion, redox status, and immune response to PRDXs. Future Directions: Further understanding of the mechanisms by which individual PRDXs control lung inflammation, injury, repair, chronic remodeling, and cancer, and the importance of PRDX oxidation state, configuration, and client proteins that govern these processes is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan A Elko
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Brian Cunniff
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - David J Seward
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Shi Biao Chia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Reem Aboushousha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Cheryl van de Wetering
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Jos van der Velden
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Allison Manuel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Arti Shukla
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Nicholas H Heintz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Vikas Anathy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Albert van der Vliet
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Yvonne M W Janssen-Heininger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
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Shin JY, Jung HJ, Moon A. Molecular Markers in Sex Differences in Cancer. Toxicol Res 2019; 35:331-341. [PMID: 31636844 PMCID: PMC6791665 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2019.35.4.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the common causes of death with a high degree of mortality, worldwide. In many types of cancers, if not all, sex-biased disparities have been observed. In these cancers, an individual's sex has been shown to be one of the crucial factors underlying the incidence and mortality of cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that differentially expressed genes and proteins may contribute to sex-biased differences in male and female cancers. Therefore, identification of these molecular differences is important for early diagnosis of cancer, prediction of cancer prognosis, and determination of response to specific therapies. In the present review, we summarize the differentially expressed genes and proteins in several cancers including bladder, colorectal, liver, lung, and non-small cell lung cancers as well as renal clear cell carcinoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The sex-biased molecular differences were identified via proteomics, genomics, and big data analysis. The identified molecules represent potential candidates as sex-specific cancer biomarkers. Our study provides molecular insights into the impact of sex on cancers, suggesting strategies for sex-biased therapy against certain types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yoon Shin
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Jung
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Aree Moon
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Zeida A, Trujillo M, Ferrer-Sueta G, Denicola A, Estrin DA, Radi R. Catalysis of Peroxide Reduction by Fast Reacting Protein Thiols. Chem Rev 2019; 119:10829-10855. [PMID: 31498605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Life on Earth evolved in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, and other peroxides also emerged before and with the rise of aerobic metabolism. They were considered only as toxic byproducts for many years. Nowadays, peroxides are also regarded as metabolic products that play essential physiological cellular roles. Organisms have developed efficient mechanisms to metabolize peroxides, mostly based on two kinds of redox chemistry, catalases/peroxidases that depend on the heme prosthetic group to afford peroxide reduction and thiol-based peroxidases that support their redox activities on specialized fast reacting cysteine/selenocysteine (Cys/Sec) residues. Among the last group, glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) and peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are the most widespread and abundant families, and they are the leitmotif of this review. After presenting the properties and roles of different peroxides in biology, we discuss the chemical mechanisms of peroxide reduction by low molecular weight thiols, Prxs, GPxs, and other thiol-based peroxidases. Special attention is paid to the catalytic properties of Prxs and also to the importance and comparative outlook of the properties of Sec and its role in GPxs. To finish, we describe and discuss the current views on the activities of thiol-based peroxidases in peroxide-mediated redox signaling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Darío A Estrin
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química-Física and INQUIMAE-CONICET , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires , 2160 Buenos Aires , Argentina
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18
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Sharapov MG, Novoselov VI. Catalytic and Signaling Role of Peroxiredoxins in Carcinogenesis. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:79-100. [PMID: 31216969 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells experience strong oxidative stress caused by disorders in cell metabolism and action of external factors. For survival, cancer cells have developed a highly efficient system of antioxidant defense, some of the most important elements of which are peroxiredoxins (Prxs). Prxs are an evolutionarily ancient family of selenium-independent peroxidases that reduce a wide range of organic and inorganic hydroperoxides in the cell and the extracellular space. In addition, some Prxs exhibit chaperone and phospholipase activities. Prxs play an important role in the maintenance of the cell redox homeostasis; they prevent oxidation and aggregation of regulatory proteins, thereby affecting many cell signaling pathways. Prxs are involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Due to their versatility and wide representation in all tissues and organs, Prxs participate in the development/suppression of many pathological conditions, among which cancer occupies a special place. This review focuses on the role of Prxs in the development of various forms of cancer. Understanding molecular mechanisms of Prx involvement in these processes will allow to develop new approaches to the prevention and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Sharapov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - V I Novoselov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
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19
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Kim Y, Jang HH. The Role of Peroxiredoxin Family in Cancer Signaling. J Cancer Prev 2019; 24:65-71. [PMID: 31360686 PMCID: PMC6619859 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2019.24.2.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are antioxidant enzymes that protect cells from oxidative stress by reducing intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In mammalian cells, the six Prx isoforms are ubiquitously expressed in diverse intracellular locations. They are involved in the regulation of various physiological processes including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, immune response and metabolism as well as intracellular ROS homeostasis. Although there are increasing evidences that Prxs are involved in carcinogenesis of many cancers, their role in cancer is controversial. The ROS levels in cancer cells are increased compared to normal cells, thus promoting cancer development. Nevertheless, for various cancer types, an overexpression of Prxs has been found to be associated with poor patient prognosis, and an increasing number of studies have reported that tumorigenesis is either facilitated or inhibited by regulation of cancer-associated signaling pathways. This review summarizes Prx isoforms and their basic functions, the relationship between the expression level and the physiological role of Prxs in cancer cells, and their roles in regulating cancer-associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosup Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ho Hee Jang
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
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20
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Yu X, Li Z, Zhang Y, Xu M, Che Y, Tian X, Wang R, Zou K, Zou L. β-elemene inhibits radiation and hypoxia-induced macrophages infiltration via Prx-1/NF-κB/HIF-1α signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4203-4211. [PMID: 31213838 PMCID: PMC6549424 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s196910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In cancers, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the progression, evasion of immunity and sensitivity to therapy. Unfortunately, radiation and hypoxia could induce the M2 macrophages infiltration and polarization. Materials and methods: In this study, we investigated the relevance of macrophage recruitment with radiation and hypoxia by transwell. We also evaluated the effect of β-elemene on the infiltration of M2 macrophages and explored its underlying molecular mechanism by a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results: Irradiated or hypoxia lung cancer cells recruit macrophages, and the recruitment is MCP-1 dependent. We also found that radiation and hypoxia-induced MCP-1 secretion follows upregulation of Prx-1, which leads to nuclear accumulation of NF-κB and HIF-1α expression. In addition, β-elemene could effectively suppress this recruitment phenomenon through Prx-1/NF-κB/HIF-1α signaling. Conclusion: Our study showed that radiation and hypoxia significantly promoted the macrophages recruitment. β-elemene could effectively suppress this recruitment phenomenon and MCP-1 expression via inhibiting Prx-1/NF-κB/HIF-1α pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomu Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell & The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongjuan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell & The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qingdao University Medical College Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Maoyi Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell & The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Che
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell & The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyuan Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell & The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruonan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell & The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell & The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell & The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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21
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Ye L, Wang H, Li H, Liu H, Lv T, Song Y, Zhang F. Eosinophil peroxidase over-expression predicts the clinical outcome of patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:1032-1038. [PMID: 30854109 PMCID: PMC6400814 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), a heme protein abundantly expressed in eosinophils, involves in the catalysis of cytotoxic oxidants associated with the pathogenesis of cancer, asthma, and allergic inflammatory disorders. To date, its roles in the pathogenesis of lung cancer are still not known. We determined the expression of EPO in the lung adenocarcinoma tissues and the normal adjacent lung tissues using Real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Also, EPO protein expression in 90 lung adenocarcinoma (AD) samples were confirmed with immunohistochemistry (IHC) using tissue microarrays. Meanwhile, we investigated the association between EPO and the clinicopathological characteristics and disease prognosis in the pulmonary adenocarcinoma patients, which demonstrated that EPO mRNA and protein were significantly higher in lung AD tissues that those of the adjacent normal lung tissues (P<0.05). EPO overexpression was significantly correlated with pathologic-tumour nodes metastasen stage (p-TNM stage, P=0.017) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.027). Patients with EPO overexpression showed shorter survival time than those with low EPO levels (P=0.017), according to the Kaplan-Meier survival curve. Furthermore, a multivariate Cox regression model was utilized to analyze the prognostic factors, which indicated that N stage (HR=0.965, 95% CI=0.328-1.359, P=0.008), p-TNM Stage (HR=3.127, 95% CI =2.463-5.015, P=0.021) and high EPO protein expression (HR=3.145, 95% CI=2.016-5.519, P=0.018) were independent factors for the prognosis of lung AD. In conclusion, increased EPO expression could be used as a biomarker for lung AD patients with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongying Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Signals Getting Crossed in the Entanglement of Redox and Phosphorylation Pathways: Phosphorylation of Peroxiredoxin Proteins Sparks Cell Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8020029. [PMID: 30678096 PMCID: PMC6406269 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species have cell signaling properties and are involved in a multitude of processes beyond redox homeostasis. The peroxiredoxin (Prdx) proteins are highly sensitive intracellular peroxidases that can coordinate cell signaling via direct reactive species scavenging or by acting as a redox sensor that enables control of binding partner activity. Oxidation of the peroxidatic cysteine residue of Prdx proteins are the classical post-translational modification that has been recognized to modulate downstream signaling cascades, but increasing evidence supports that dynamic changes to phosphorylation of Prdx proteins is also an important determinant in redox signaling. Phosphorylation of Prdx proteins affects three-dimensional structure and function to coordinate cell proliferation, wound healing, cell fate and lipid signaling. The advent of large proteomic datasets has shown that there are many opportunities to understand further how phosphorylation of Prdx proteins fit into intracellular signaling cascades in normal or malignant cells and that more research is necessary. This review summarizes the Prdx family of proteins and details how post-translational modification by kinases and phosphatases controls intracellular signaling.
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Sharapov MG, Novoselov VI, Gudkov SV. Radioprotective Role of Peroxiredoxin 6. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E15. [PMID: 30621289 PMCID: PMC6356814 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) is a member of an evolutionary ancient family of peroxidase enzymes with diverse functions in the cell. Prdx6 is an important enzymatic antioxidant. It reduces a wide range of peroxide substrates in the cell, thus playing a leading role in the maintenance of the redox homeostasis in mammalian cells. Beside peroxidase activity, Prdx6 has been shown to possess an activity of phospholipase A2, an enzyme playing an important role in membrane phospholipid metabolism. Moreover, Prdx6 takes part in intercellular and intracellular signal transduction due to its peroxidase and phospholipase activity, thus facilitating the initiation of regenerative processes in the cell, suppression of apoptosis, and activation of cell proliferation. Being an effective and important antioxidant enzyme, Prdx6 plays an essential role in neutralizing oxidative stress caused by various factors, including action of ionizing radiation. Endogenous Prdx6 has been shown to possess a significant radioprotective potential in cellular and animal models. Moreover, intravenous infusion of recombinant Prdx6 to animals before irradiation at lethal or sublethal doses has shown its high radioprotective effect. Exogenous Prdx6 effectively alleviates the severeness of radiation lesions, providing normalization of the functional state of radiosensitive organs and tissues, and leads to a significant elevation of the survival rate of animals. Prdx6 can be considered as a potent and promising radioprotective agent for reducing the pathological effect of ionizing radiation on mammalian organisms. The radioprotective properties and mechanisms of radioprotective action of Prdx6 are discussed in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mars G Sharapov
- Laboratory of Mechanisms of Reception, Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia.
| | - Vladimir I Novoselov
- Laboratory of Mechanisms of Reception, Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia.
| | - Sergey V Gudkov
- Wave Research Center, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
- Department of Experimental Clinical Studies, Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (MONIKI), 129110 Moscow, Russia.
- The Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, 603950 Nizhni Novgorod, Russia.
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Forshaw TE, Holmila R, Nelson KJ, Lewis JE, Kemp ML, Tsang AW, Poole LB, Lowther WT, Furdui CM. Peroxiredoxins in Cancer and Response to Radiation Therapies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8010011. [PMID: 30609657 PMCID: PMC6356878 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins have a long-established cellular function as regulators of redox metabolism by catalyzing the reduction of peroxides (e.g., H2O2, lipid peroxides) with high catalytic efficiency. This activity is also critical to the initiation and relay of both phosphorylation and redox signaling in a broad range of pathophysiological contexts. Under normal physiological conditions, peroxiredoxins protect normal cells from oxidative damage that could promote oncogenesis (e.g., environmental stressors). In cancer, higher expression level of peroxiredoxins has been associated with both tumor growth and resistance to radiation therapies. However, this relationship between the expression of peroxiredoxins and the response to radiation is not evident from an analysis of data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) or NCI60 panel of cancer cell lines. The focus of this review is to summarize the current experimental knowledge implicating this class of proteins in cancer, and to provide a perspective on the value of targeting peroxiredoxins in the management of cancer. Potential biases in the analysis of the TCGA data with respect to radiation resistance are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom E Forshaw
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Reetta Holmila
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Kimberly J Nelson
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Joshua E Lewis
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - Melissa L Kemp
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - Allen W Tsang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Leslie B Poole
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - W Todd Lowther
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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25
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Hughes NP, Xu L, Nielsen CH, Chang E, Hori SS, Natarajan A, Lee S, Kjær A, Kani K, Wang SX, Mallick P, Gambhir SS. A blood biomarker for monitoring response to anti-EGFR therapy. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:333-344. [PMID: 29689709 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-171149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To monitor therapies targeted to epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we investigated Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) as a biomarker of response to anti-EGFR agents. METHODS We studied cells that are sensitive (H3255, HCC827) or resistant (H1975, H460) to gefitinib. PRDX6 was examined with either gefitinib or vehicle treatment using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We created xenograft models from one sensitive (HCC827) and one resistant cell line (H1975) and monitored serum PRDX6 levels during treatment. RESULTS PRDX6 levels in cell media from sensitive cell lines increased significantly after gefitinib treatment vs. vehicle, whereas there was no significant difference for resistant lines. PRDX6 accumulation over time correlated positively with gefitinib sensitivity. Serum PRDX6 levels in gefitinib-sensitive xenograft models increased markedly during the first 24 hours of treatment and then decreased dramatically during the following 48 hours. Differences in serum PRDX6 levels between vehicle and gefitinib-treated animals could not be explained by differences in tumor burden. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that changes in serum PRDX6 during the course of gefitinib treatment of xenograft models provide insight into tumor response and such an approach offers several advantages over imaging-based strategies for monitoring response to anti-EGFR agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P Hughes
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lingyun Xu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carsten H Nielsen
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Center for Diagnostic Investigations, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Edwin Chang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sharon S Hori
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Arutselvan Natarajan
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Samantha Lee
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Kjær
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Center for Diagnostic Investigations, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kian Kani
- Lawrence J. Ellison Institute of Transformative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shan X Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Parag Mallick
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Sanjiv Sam Gambhir
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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26
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Niu L, Liu A, Xu W, Yang L, Zhu W, Gu Y. Downregulation of peroxiredoxin II suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:4551-4560. [PMID: 30214590 PMCID: PMC6126214 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin (Prx) II is an imperative member of the superfamily of peroxidases. It serves an essential role in scavenging organic hydroperoxide and H2O2. It is involved in the development of various malignant tumors. In order to investigate the significance of Prx II expressions level in gastric cancer (GC), downregulation of Prx II was performed to investigate its role in the proliferation and migration of gastric adenocarcinoma cells. In GC cells and 45 GC specimens, the mRNA and protein expression levels of Prx II were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis, respectively. The Prx II expression profile in another 116 GC specimens was also detected with immunohistochemistry (IHC). The changes in the proliferation and migration of MKN45 and MGC-803 cells folllowing transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA) were detected by cell counting kit (CCK)-8, western blot analysis, and Transwell migration and invasion assays. The results revealed that the expression of Prx II in GC tissues and GC cells were significantly upregulated compared with the normal control. There was a significant association between the expression level of Prx II and various factors, including tumor size, histological differentiation, the depth of invasion, the stage of tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) and lymph node metastasis in GC (P<0.05). Survival in patients with higher Prx II expression was significantly decreased compared with those with lower Prx II expression (P<0.01). Prx II, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were identified as independent prognosis factors of GC (P<0.05). Knockdown of Prx II significantly suppressed the proliferation and the migration of GC cells. These experiments revealed that Prx II promotes the development of GC, affecting the survival of patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Niu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Ang Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Wugang Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Yuming Gu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
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27
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Chandimali N, Jeong DK, Kwon T. Peroxiredoxin II Regulates Cancer Stem Cells and Stemness-Associated Properties of Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10090305. [PMID: 30177619 PMCID: PMC6162743 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10090305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a sub-population of cancer cells with the ability to regulate stemness-associated properties which are specifically responsible for unlimited growth of cancers, generation of diverse cancer cells in differentiated state and resistance to existing chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Even though, current therapies destroy majority of cancer cells, it is believed to leave CSCs without eradicating which may be the conceptualization for chemoresistance and radio-resistance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) maintain stem cells and regulate the stemness-associated properties of cancers. Beyond the maximum limit, ROS can damage cellular functions of cancers by subjecting them to oxidative stress. Thus, maintenance of ROS level plays an important role in cancers to regulate stemness-associated properties. Peroxiredoxin II (Prx II) is a member of peroxiredoxin antioxidant enzyme family which considers as a regulator of ROS in cellular environments by modulating redox status to maintain CSC phenotype and stemness properties. Prx II has cell type-dependent expression in various types of cancer cells and overexpression or silenced expression of Prx II in cancers is associated with stem cell phenotype and stemness-associated properties via activation or deactivation of various signaling pathways. In this review, we summarized available studies on Prx II expression in cancers and the mechanisms by which Prx II takes parts to regulate CSCs and stemness-associated properties. We further discussed the potential therapeutic effects of altering Prx II expression in cancers for better anticancer strategies by sensitizing cancer cells and stem cells to oxidative stress and inhibiting stemness-associated properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisansala Chandimali
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Dong Kee Jeong
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
- Laboratory of Animal Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Biology, Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
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28
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Wang Y, Liu M, Yang P, Peng H. Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) Suppresses Progressions and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma and Fibrosarcoma of Bone. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:4113-4120. [PMID: 29908016 PMCID: PMC6036963 DOI: 10.12659/msm.908736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma are malignant tumors with poor prognosis. Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) is considered to prevent tumors in many malignances. However, few studies have focused on the functions of PRDX1 in osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS PRDX1 mRNA in tumors and adjacent tissues of 32 osteosarcoma patients and 16 fibrosarcoma patients was extracted and measured. Proliferation and invasion of MG63 and HT1080 cell lines after silencing or overexpressing PRDX1 were used to detect the role of PRDX1 in metastasis of osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma. RESULTS PRDX1 mRNA level was lower in tumor tissues than in adjacent tissues of osteosarcoma (F=50.105) and fibrosarcoma (F=28.472) patients, both significantly (P<0.05). Silencing PRDX1 promoted proliferation of MG63 and HT1080 cells, while overexpressing PRDX1 suppressed proliferation after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, compared to the control group, both significantly (P<0.05). Silencing PRDX1 increased invasive cells of MG63 (F=246.218) and HT1080 (F=245.602), while overexpressing PRDX1 decreased invasive cells of both, compared to the control, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS PRDX1 expression is low in osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma tumors. PRDX1 suppressed the progression and metastasis of osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Mingfa Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hohhot First Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
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29
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Hampton MB, Vick KA, Skoko JJ, Neumann CA. Peroxiredoxin Involvement in the Initiation and Progression of Human Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:591-608. [PMID: 29237274 PMCID: PMC9836708 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE It has been proposed that cancer cells are heavily dependent on their antioxidant defenses for survival and growth. Peroxiredoxins are a family of abundant thiol-dependent peroxidases that break down hydrogen peroxide, and they have a central role in the maintenance and response of cells to alterations in redox homeostasis. As such, they are potential targets for disrupting tumor growth. Recent Advances: Genetic disruption of peroxiredoxin expression in mice leads to an increased incidence of neoplastic disease, consistent with a role for peroxiredoxins in protecting genomic integrity. In contrast, many human tumors display increased levels of peroxiredoxin expression, suggesting that strengthened antioxidant defenses provide a survival advantage for tumor progression. Peroxiredoxin inhibitors are being developed and explored as therapeutic agents in different cancer models. CRITICAL ISSUES It is important to complement peroxiredoxin knockout and expression studies with an improved understanding of the biological function of the peroxiredoxins. Although current results can be interpreted within the context that peroxiredoxins scavenge hydroperoxides, some peroxiredoxin family members appear to have more complex roles in regulating the response of cells to oxidative stress through protein interactions with constituents of other signaling pathways. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Further mechanistic information is required for understanding the role of oxidative stress in cancer, the function of peroxiredoxins in normal versus cancer cells, and for the design and testing of specific peroxiredoxin inhibitors that display selectivity to malignant cells. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 591-608.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B Hampton
- 1 Department of Pathology, Centre for Free Radical Research, University of Otago , Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Kate A Vick
- 1 Department of Pathology, Centre for Free Radical Research, University of Otago , Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John J Skoko
- 2 Womens Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Center , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,3 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Carola A Neumann
- 2 Womens Cancer Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Center , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,3 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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30
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Park MH, Yun HM, Hwang CJ, Park SI, Han SB, Hwang DY, Yoon DY, Kim S, Hong JT. Presenilin Mutation Suppresses Lung Tumorigenesis via Inhibition of Peroxiredoxin 6 Activity and Expression. Theranostics 2017; 7:3624-3637. [PMID: 29109765 PMCID: PMC5667337 DOI: 10.7150/thno.21408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Some epidemiological studies suggest an inverse correlation between cancer incidence and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we demonstrated experimental evidences for this inverse relationship. In the co-expression network analysis using the microarray data and GEO profile of gene expression omnibus data analysis, we showed that the expression of peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), a tumor promoting protein was significantly increased in human squamous lung cancer, but decreased in mutant presenilin 2 (PS2) containing AD patient. We also found in animal model that mutant PS2 transgenic mice displayed a reduced incidence of spontaneous and carcinogen-induced lung tumor development compared to wildtype transgenic mice. Agreed with network and GEO profile study, we also revealed that significantly reduced expression of PRDX6 and activity of iPLA2 in these animal models. PS2 mutations increased their interaction with PRDX6, thereby increasing iPLA2 cleavage via increased γ-secretase leading to loss of PRDX6 activity. However, knockdown or inhibition of γ-secretase abolished the inhibitory effect of mutant PSs. Moreover, PS2 mutant skin fibroblasts derived from patients with AD showed diminished iPLA2 activity by the elevated γ-secretase activity. Thus, the present data suggest that PS2 mutations suppress lung tumor development by inhibiting the iPLA2 activity of PRDX6 via a γ-secretase cleavage mechanism and may explain the inverse relationship between cancer and AD incidence.
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31
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Liu GY, Shi JX, Shi SL, Liu F, Rui G, Li X, Gao LB, Deng XL, Li QF. Nucleophosmin Regulates Intracellular Oxidative Stress Homeostasis via Antioxidant PRDX6. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:4697-4707. [PMID: 28513872 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play both deleterious and beneficial roles in cancer cells. Nucleophosmin (NPM) is heavily implicated in cancers of diverse origins, being its gene over-expression in solid tumors or frequent mutations in hematological malignancies. However, the role and regulatory mechanism of NPM in oxidative stress are unclear. Here, we found that NPM regulated the expression of peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), a member of thiol-specific antioxidant protein family, consequently affected the level and distribution of ROS. Our data indicated that NPM knockdown caused the increase of ROS and its relocation from cytoplasm to nucleoplasm. In contrast, overexpression or cytoplasmic localization of NPM upregulated PRDX6, and decreased ROS. In addition, NPM knockdown decreased peroxiredoxin family proteins, including PRDX1, PRDX4, and PRDX6. Co-immunoprecipitation further confirmed the interaction between PRDX6 and NPM. Moreover, NSC348884, an inhibitor specifically targeting NPM oligomerization, decreased PRDX6 and significantly upregulated ROS. These observations demonstrated that the expression and localization of NPM affected the homeostatic balance of oxidative stress in tumor cells via PRDX6 protein. The regulation axis of NPM/PRDX/ROS may provide a novel therapeutic target for cancer treatment. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4697-4707, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yan Liu
- Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University/ Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Xian Shi
- Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Song-Lin Shi
- Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Gang Rui
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Li-Bin Gao
- Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ling Deng
- Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Fu Li
- Medical College of Xiamen University/Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P.R. China
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32
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Senhaji N, Zaid Y, El Khalfi B, Fahimi M, Martin J, Badre W, Nadifi S, Soukri A. Peroxiredoxin-2 up-regulation in inflammatory bowel disease: Friend or foe? J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:1212-1220. [PMID: 27869326 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic multi-factorial inflammatory disorders. Accumulating investigations have provided compelling evidence that describe the interplay of a complex genetic landscape and inappropriate inflammatory response to intestinal microbes in disease etiopathogenesis but still pose challenges in diagnostic practices. METHOD In this study, comparative proteomic analysis was conducted to identify disease specific proteins underlying IBD pathogenetic mechanisms. Total blood proteins of the IBD patients and healthy subjects were analyzed with one-dimensional electrophoresis; differentially expressed bands were excised and subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry along with nanoflow liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Presence of glycosylation, hydroxylation, and phosphorylation post-translational modifications was further investigated by immunoprecipitation. RESULTS Peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2) and hemoglobin-subunits proteins, which are closely involved in the response to oxidative stress, were identified. PRDX2 was selected for further validation using western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. PRDX2 overexpression was restricted to the protein level within the membrane fraction. Immunoprecipitation identified PRDX2 to be post-translationally glycosylated and phosphorylated. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the implication of PRDX2 in IBD. Future studies are required to establish its functional role and to determine the clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezha Senhaji
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Pathology (LGPM), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Casablance, Morocco
| | - Younes Zaid
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Université Mohamed VI des Sciences de la Santé, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Bouchra El Khalfi
- Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mina Fahimi
- Gastroenterology Department, CHU IbnRochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Javier Martin
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, P.T.S. Granada, Spain
| | - Wafaa Badre
- Gastroenterology Department, CHU IbnRochd, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Sellama Nadifi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Pathology (LGPM), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Casablance, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Soukri
- Laboratory of Physiology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
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33
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Boutaud O, Sosa IR, Amin T, Oram D, Adler D, Hwang HS, Crews BC, Milne G, Harris BK, Hoeksema M, Knollmann BC, Lammers PE, Marnett LJ, Massion PP, Oates JA. Inhibition of the Biosynthesis of Prostaglandin E2 By Low-Dose Aspirin: Implications for Adenocarcinoma Metastasis. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 9:855-865. [PMID: 27554763 PMCID: PMC5093073 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-16-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Meta-analyses have demonstrated that low-dose aspirin reduces the risk of developing adenocarcinoma metastasis, and when colon cancer is detected during aspirin treatment, there is a remarkable 83% reduction in risk of metastasis. As platelets participate in the metastatic process, the antiplatelet action of low-dose aspirin likely contributes to its antimetastatic effect. Cycloxooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) also contributes to metastasis, and we addressed the hypothesis that low-dose aspirin also inhibits PGE2 biosynthesis. We show that low-dose aspirin inhibits systemic PGE2 biosynthesis by 45% in healthy volunteers (P < 0.0001). Aspirin is found to be more potent in colon adenocarcinoma cells than in the platelet, and in lung adenocarcinoma cells, its inhibition is equivalent to that in the platelet. Inhibition of COX by aspirin in colon cancer cells is in the context of the metastasis of colon cancer primarily to the liver, the organ exposed to the same high concentrations of aspirin as the platelet. We find that the interaction of activated platelets with lung adenocarcinoma cells upregulates COX-2 expression and PGE2 biosynthesis, and inhibition of platelet COX-1 by aspirin inhibits PGE2 production by the platelet-tumor cell aggregates. In conclusion, low-dose aspirin has a significant effect on extraplatelet cyclooxygenase and potently inhibits COX-2 in lung and colon adenocarcinoma cells. This supports a hypothesis that the remarkable prevention of metastasis from adenocarcinomas, and particularly from colon adenocarcinomas, by low-dose aspirin results from its effect on platelet COX-1 combined with inhibition of PGE2 biosynthesis in metastasizing tumor cells. Cancer Prev Res; 9(11); 855-65. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Boutaud
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | - I. Romina Sosa
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Taneem Amin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
| | - Denise Oram
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
| | - David Adler
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
| | - Hyun S. Hwang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
| | - Brenda C. Crews
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
| | - Ginger Milne
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
| | - Bradford K. Harris
- Department of Cancer Biology, the Thoracic Program, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
| | - Megan Hoeksema
- Department of Cancer Biology, the Thoracic Program, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
| | - Bjorn C. Knollmann
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
| | - Philip E. Lammers
- Department of Cancer Biology, the Thoracic Program, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602,Department of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208
| | - Lawrence J. Marnett
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
| | - Pierre P. Massion
- Department of Cancer Biology, the Thoracic Program, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
| | - John A. Oates
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232-6602
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34
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Atwater T, Cook CM, Massion PP. The Pursuit of Noninvasive Diagnosis of Lung Cancer. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 37:670-680. [PMID: 27732989 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1592314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The noninvasive diagnosis of lung cancer remains a formidable challenge. Although tissue diagnosis will remain the gold standard for the foreseeable future, questions pertaining to the risks and costs associated with invasive diagnostic procedures are of prime relevance. This review addresses new modalities for improving the noninvasive evaluation of suspicious lung nodules. Ultimately, the goal is to translate early diagnosis into early treatment. We discuss how biomarkers could assist in distinguishing benign from malignant nodules and aggressive from indolent tumors. The field of biomarkers is rapidly expanding and progressing, and efforts are well underway to apply molecular diagnostics to address the shortcomings of current lung cancer diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Atwater
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Christine M Cook
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Pierre P Massion
- Cornelius Vanderbilt Endowed Chair in Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Ding C, Fan X, Wu G. Peroxiredoxin 1 - an antioxidant enzyme in cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:193-202. [PMID: 27653015 PMCID: PMC5192802 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs), a ubiquitous family of redox‐regulating proteins, are reported of potential to eliminate various reactive oxygen species (ROS). As a major member of the antioxidant enzymes, PRDX1 can become easily over‐oxidized on its catalytically active cysteine induced by a variety of stimuli in vitro and in vivo. In nucleus, oligomeric PRDX1 directly associates with p53 or transcription factors such as c‐Myc, NF‐κB and AR, and thus affects their bioactivities upon gene regulation, which in turn induces or suppresses cell death. Additionally, PRDX1 in cytoplasm has anti‐apoptotic potential through direct or indirect interactions with several ROS‐dependent (redox regulation) effectors, including ASK1, p66Shc, GSTpi/JNK and c‐Abl kinase. PRDX1 is proven to be a versatile molecule regulating cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Recent studies have found that PRDX1 and/or PRDX1‐regulated ROS‐dependent signalling pathways play an important role in the progression and metastasis of human tumours, particularly in breast, oesophageal and lung cancers. In this paper, we review the structure, effector functions of PRDX1, its role in cancer and the pivotal role of ROS in anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenbo Ding
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobo Fan
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqiu Wu
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Redox Homeostasis and Cellular Antioxidant Systems: Crucial Players in Cancer Growth and Therapy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:6235641. [PMID: 27418953 PMCID: PMC4932173 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6235641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their products are components of cell signaling pathways and play important roles in cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Under physiological conditions, cells control ROS levels by the use of scavenging systems such as superoxide dismutases, peroxiredoxins, and glutathione that balance ROS generation and elimination. Under oxidative stress conditions, excessive ROS can damage cellular proteins, lipids, and DNA, leading to cell damage that may contribute to carcinogenesis. Several studies have shown that cancer cells display an adaptive response to oxidative stress by increasing expression of antioxidant enzymes and molecules. As a double-edged sword, ROS influence signaling pathways determining beneficial or detrimental outcomes in cancer therapy. In this review, we address the role of redox homeostasis in cancer growth and therapy and examine the current literature regarding the redox regulatory systems that become upregulated in cancer and their role in promoting tumor progression and resistance to chemotherapy.
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Park MH, Jo M, Kim YR, Lee CK, Hong JT. Roles of peroxiredoxins in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 163:1-23. [PMID: 27130805 PMCID: PMC7112520 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are antioxidant enzymes, known to catalyze peroxide reduction to balance cellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, which are essential for cell signaling and metabolism and act as a regulator of redox signaling. Redox signaling is a critical component of cell signaling pathways that are involved in the regulation of cell growth, metabolism, hormone signaling, immune regulation and variety of other physiological functions. Early studies demonstrated that PRDXs regulates cell growth, metabolism and immune regulation and therefore involved in the pathologic regulator or protectant of several cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and inflammatory diseases. Oxidative stress and antioxidant systems are important regulators of redox signaling regulated diseases. In addition, thiol-based redox systems through peroxiredoxins have been demonstrated to regulate several redox-dependent process related diseases. In this review article, we will discuss recent findings regarding PRDXs in the development of diseases and further discuss therapeutic approaches targeting PRDXs. Moreover, we will suggest that PRDXs could be targets of several diseases and the therapeutic agents for targeting PRDXs may have potential beneficial effects for the treatment of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and inflammatory diseases. Future research should open new avenues for the design of novel therapeutic approaches targeting PRDXs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea, 361-951
| | - MiRan Jo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea, 361-951
| | - Yu Ri Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea, 361-951
| | - Chong-Kil Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 12 Gaesin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-31, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea, 361-951.
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Yang YJ, Baek JY, Goo J, Shin Y, Park JK, Jang JY, Wang SB, Jeong W, Lee HJ, Um HD, Lee SK, Choi Y, Rhee SG, Chang TS. Effective Killing of Cancer Cells Through ROS-Mediated Mechanisms by AMRI-59 Targeting Peroxiredoxin I. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:453-69. [PMID: 26528922 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The intrinsic increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cancer cells after malignant transformation frequently induces redox adaptation, leading to enhanced antioxidant capacity. Peroxiredoxin I (PrxI), an enzyme responsible for eliminating hydrogen peroxide, has been found to be elevated in many types of cancer cells. Since overexpression of PrxI promoted cancer cells' survival and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, PrxI has been proposed as a therapeutic target for anticancer drugs. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer efficacy of a small molecule inhibitor of PrxI. RESULTS By a high-throughput screening approach, we identified AMRI-59 as a potent inhibitor of PrxI. AMRI-59 increased cellular ROS, leading to the activation of both mitochondria- and apoptosis signal-regulated kinase-1-mediated signaling pathways, resulting in apoptosis of A549 human lung adenocarcinoma. AMRI-59 caused no significant changes in ROS level, proliferation, and apoptosis of PrxI-knockdown A549 cells by RNA interference. PrxI overexpression or N-acetylcysteine pretreatment abrogated AMRI-59-induced cytotoxicity in A549 cells. AMRI-59 rendered tumorigenic ovarian cells more susceptible to ROS-mediated death compared with nontumorigenic cells. Moreover, significant antitumor activity of AMRI-59 was observed in mouse tumor xenograft model implanted with A549 cells with no apparent acute toxicity. INNOVATION This study offers preclinical proof-of-concept for AMRI-59, a lead small molecule inhibitor of PrxI, as an anticancer agent. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight a promising strategy for cancer therapy that preferentially eradicates cancer cells by targeting the PrxI-mediated redox-dependent survival pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ju Yang
- 1 Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Baek
- 1 Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jail Goo
- 3 College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonho Shin
- 4 College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kuk Park
- 5 Laboratory of Radiation Cancer Biology, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yong Jang
- 1 Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Wang
- 1 Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Jeong
- 6 Division of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jeong Lee
- 1 Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,7 College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Duck Um
- 5 Laboratory of Radiation Cancer Biology, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- 4 College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Choi
- 3 College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sue Goo Rhee
- 8 Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong-Shin Chang
- 1 Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.,7 College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Martelli C, Iavarone F, D'Angelo L, Arba M, Vincenzoni F, Inserra I, Delfino D, Rossetti DV, Caretto M, Massimi L, Tamburrini G, Di Rocco C, Caldarelli M, Messana I, Castagnola M, Sanna MT, Desiderio C. Integrated proteomic platforms for the comparative characterization of medulloblastoma and pilocytic astrocytoma pediatric brain tumors: a preliminary study. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 11:1668-83. [PMID: 25909245 DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00076a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A top-down/bottom-up integrated proteomic approach based on LC-MS and 2-DE analysis was applied for comparative characterization of medulloblastoma and pilocytic astrocytoma posterior cranial fossa pediatric brain tumor tissues. Although rare, primary brain tumors are the most frequent solid tumors in the pediatric age. Among them the medulloblastoma is the prevalent malignant tumor in childhood while pilocytic astrocytoma is the most common, rarely showing a malignant progression. Due to the limited availability of this kind of sample, the study was applied to pooled tumor tissues for a preliminary investigation. The results showed different proteomic profiles of the two tumors and evidenced interesting differential expression of several proteins and peptides. Top-down proteomics of acid-soluble fractions of brain tumor homogenates ascribed a potential biomarker role of malignancy to β- and α-thymosins and their truncated proteoforms and to C-terminal truncated (des-GG) ubiquitin, resulting exclusively detected or over-expressed in the highly malignant medulloblastoma. The bottom-up proteomics of the acid-soluble fraction identified several proteins, some of them in common with 2-DE analysis of acid-insoluble pellets. Peroxiredoxin-1, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A, triosephosphate isomerase, pyruvate kinase PKM, tubulin beta and alpha chains, heat shock protein HSP-90-beta and different histones characterized the medulloblastoma while the Ig kappa chain C region, serotransferrin, tubulin beta 2A chain and vimentin the pilocytic astrocytoma. The two proteomic strategies, with their pros and cons, well complemented each other in characterizing the proteome of brain tumor tissues and in disclosing potential disease biomarkers to be validated in a future study on individual samples of both tumor histotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Martelli
- Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Protects Neurons from Ischemic Damage via Upregulation of Superoxide Dismutase 3. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:608-622. [PMID: 26746670 PMCID: PMC5026633 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been shown to protect oligodendrocytes from ischemia by upregulating endogenous antioxidants. The goal of this study was to determine whether LIF protects neurons during stroke by upregulating superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3). Animals were administered phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or 125 μg/kg LIF at 6, 24, and 48 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion or sham surgery. Neurons were isolated from rat pups on embryonic day 18 and used between 7 and 15 days in culture. Cells were treated with LIF and/or 10 μM Akt inhibitor IV with PBS and 0.1 % DMSO acting as vehicle controls. Neurons transfected with scrambled or SOD3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were subjected to 24-h ischemia after PBS or LIF treatment. LIF significantly increased superoxide dismutase activity and SOD3 expression in ipsilateral brain tissue compared to PBS. Following 24-h ischemia, LIF reduced cell death and increased SOD3 messenger RNA (mRNA) in vitro compared to PBS. Adding Akt inhibitor IV with LIF counteracted the decrease in cell death. Partially silencing the expression of SOD3 using siRNA prior to LIF treatment counteracted the protective effect of LIF-alone PBS treatment. These results indicate that LIF protects neurons in vivo and in vitro via upregulation of SOD3.
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Lee EY, Kang JY, Kim KW. Expression of cyclooxygenase-2, peroxiredoxin I, peroxiredoxin 6 and nuclear factor-κB in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:3129-3136. [PMID: 26722300 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor development and progression are multistep processes that involve local tumor growth and invasion, followed by metastasis. The aggressiveness of the tumor is the major determinant of the mortality of oral cancer patients. The present study investigates whether the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) and PRDX6 are associated with the development, proliferation, differentiation and recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The mRNA expression levels of COX-2, NF-κB, PRDX1 and PRDX6 were examined in 50 OSCC specimens and 19 normal oral mucosae by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). qPCR analysis showed that the mRNA levels of COX-2 in OSCC were significantly higher than those in the normal oral mucosae (P=0.021). The expression levels of PRDX1 in high-stage tumors (T3 and T4) were significantly elevated compared with those in low-stage tumors (T1) (P=0.047). Additionally, the expression levels of NF-κB in the high-grade tumor were significantly elevated compared with those in the low-grade tumors (P=0.030). Overall, it was indicated that the expression of COX-2 is strongly associated with the development of OSCC. Moreover, the enhanced expression of PRDX1 and NF-κB may function in the progression of OSCC, which serves as a useful marker for prognosis in patients with oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-711, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi 445-170, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Won Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-711, Republic of Korea
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Hintsala HR, Soini Y, Haapasaari KM, Karihtala P. Dysregulation of redox-state-regulating enzymes in melanocytic skin tumours and the surrounding microenvironment. Histopathology 2015; 67:348-57. [PMID: 25627040 DOI: 10.1111/his.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate redox-regulating enzymes that may have a special role in melanoma pathogenesis due to continuous exposure to microenvironment-produced and ultraviolet radiation-induced oxidative stress. METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed immunohistochemically the expression of antioxidant enzymes peroxiredoxins (Prxs) I-IV, sulfiredoxin (Srx) and redox-regulated proto-oncogene DJ-1 in material consisting of 30 benign naevi, 14 lentigo malignas and 67 malignant melanomas. Evaluation of immunostaining was performed with special attention paid to protein expression in different tumour compartments. In particular, the expression patterns of nuclear Prx I and Prx II and cytoplasmic DJ-1 were decreased significantly in melanomas compared with dysplastic and benign naevi. In multivariate analysis, several prognostic factors were identified: Prx III expression in the cytoplasm of stromal fibroblasts was associated with shortened melanoma-specific survival [hazard ratio (HR) 6.730; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.579-28.689], while cytoplasmic Prx IV expression in endothelial cells (HR 6.563; 95% CI 1.750-24.620) and Srx expression in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes (HR 6.988; 95% CI 1.559-31.324) were associated with better prognosis independently of ulceration, thickness of melanoma or its diagnostic type. CONCLUSIONS Redox-regulating enzymes have the potential to serve as novel prognostic factors and targeting them may offer new therapeutic options in malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna-Riikka Hintsala
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- University of Oulu and Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ylermi Soini
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Peeter Karihtala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Kwon T, Rho JK, Lee JC, Park YH, Shin HJ, Cho S, Kang YK, Kim BY, Yoon DY, Yu DY. An important role for peroxiredoxin II in survival of A549 lung cancer cells resistant to gefitinib. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e165. [PMID: 26021759 PMCID: PMC4454996 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2015.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox adaptation is an important concept that explains the mechanisms by which cancer cells survive under persistent endogenous oxidative stress and become resistant to certain anticancer agents. To investigate this concept, we determined the expression levels of peroxiredoxins (Prxs), antioxidant enzymes in drug-resistant non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. Prx II was remarkably increased only in A549/GR (gefitinib-resistant) cells compared with A549 cells, consistent with methylation/demethylation. Prx II was highly methylated in the A549 cells but was demethylated in the A549/GR cells. The elevated expression of Prx II resulted in the downregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death and upregulation of cell cycle progression in the A549/GR cells. When Prx II mRNA in the A549/GR cells was knocked down, the levels of ROS and apoptosis were significantly recovered to the levels of the controls. In addition, signaling molecules involved in apoptosis were increased in the A549/GR-shPrx II cells. There was no difference in the expression of MAPK/ERK between the A549/GR cells and A549/GR-shPrx II cells, but the phosphorylation of JNK was increased in the A549/GR cells and was markedly decreased in the A549/GR-shPrx II cells. Colony number and tumor growth were significantly decreased in the A549/GR-shPrx II cells compared with the A549/GR cells. Our findings suggest that Prx II has an important role in cancer cell survival via the modulation of signaling molecules involved in apoptosis and the phosphorylation of JNK by the downregulation of ROS levels in A549/GR cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeho Kwon
- 1] Disease Model Research Laboratory, Aging Intervention Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea [2] Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Rho
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Cheol Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ho Park
- Disease Model Research Laboratory, Aging Intervention Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hye-Jun Shin
- Disease Model Research Laboratory, Aging Intervention Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sunwha Cho
- Development and Differentiation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong-Kook Kang
- Development and Differentiation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bo-Yeon Kim
- World Class Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Do-Young Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae-Yeul Yu
- Disease Model Research Laboratory, Aging Intervention Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
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Ummanni R, Duscharla D, Barett C, Venz S, Schlomm T, Heinzer H, Walther R, Bokemeyer C, Brümmendorf TH, Murthy P, Balabanov S. Prostate cancer-associated autoantibodies in serum against tumor-associated antigens as potential new biomarkers. J Proteomics 2015; 119:218-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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45
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Parker AR, Petluru PN, Nienaber VL, Badger J, Leverett BD, Jair K, Sridhar V, Logan C, Ayala PY, Kochat H, Hausheer FH. Cysteine specific targeting of the functionally distinct peroxiredoxin and glutaredoxin proteins by the investigational disulfide BNP7787. Molecules 2015; 20:4928-50. [PMID: 25793542 PMCID: PMC6272748 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutaredoxin (Grx), peroxiredoxin (Prx), and thioredoxin (Trx) are redoxin family proteins that catalyze different types of chemical reactions that impact cell growth and survival through functionally distinct intracellular pathways. Much research is focused on understanding the roles of these redoxin proteins in the development and/or progression of human diseases. Grx and Prx are overexpressed in human cancers, including human lung cancers. BNP7787 is a novel investigational agent that has been evaluated in previous clinical studies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) studies. Herein, data from activity assays, mass spectrometry analyses, and X-ray crystallographic studies indicate that BNP7787 forms mixed disulfides with select cysteine residues on Grx and Prx and modulates their function. Studies of interactions between BNP7787 and Trx have been conducted and reported separately. Despite the fact that Trx, Grx, and Prx are functionally distinct proteins that impact oxidative stress, cell proliferation and disease processes through different intracellular pathways, BNP7787 can modify each protein and appears to modulate function through mechanisms that are unique to each target protein. Tumor cells are often genomically heterogeneous containing subpopulations of cancer cells that often express different tumor-promoting proteins or that have multiple dysregulated signaling pathways modulating cell proliferation and drug resistance. A multi-targeted agent that simultaneously modulates activity of proteins important in mediating cell proliferation by functionally distinct intracellular pathways could have many potentially useful therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aulma R Parker
- BioNumerik Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8122 Datapoint Drive, Ste. 1250, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Pavankumar N Petluru
- BioNumerik Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8122 Datapoint Drive, Ste. 1250, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Vicki L Nienaber
- Zenobia Therapeutics, Inc., 505 Coast Blvd. South, Suite 111, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John Badger
- Zenobia Therapeutics, Inc., 505 Coast Blvd. South, Suite 111, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Betsy D Leverett
- BioNumerik Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8122 Datapoint Drive, Ste. 1250, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Kamwing Jair
- BioNumerik Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8122 Datapoint Drive, Ste. 1250, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Vandana Sridhar
- Zenobia Therapeutics, Inc., 505 Coast Blvd. South, Suite 111, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Cheyenne Logan
- Zenobia Therapeutics, Inc., 505 Coast Blvd. South, Suite 111, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Philippe Y Ayala
- BioNumerik Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8122 Datapoint Drive, Ste. 1250, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Harry Kochat
- BioNumerik Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8122 Datapoint Drive, Ste. 1250, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Frederick H Hausheer
- BioNumerik Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 8122 Datapoint Drive, Ste. 1250, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Yun HM, Park KR, Park MH, Kim DH, Jo MR, Kim JY, Kim EC, Yoon DY, Han SB, Hong JT. PRDX6 promotes tumor development via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in a urethane-induced lung tumor model. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 80:136-44. [PMID: 25582888 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is a bifunctional protein with both glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and iPLA2 activities. Even though several pathophysiological functions have been studied, the definitive role of PRDX6 in tumor growth is not clear. Here, we compared carcinogen-induced tumor growth in PRDX6-transgenic (Tg) mice and non-Tg mice to evaluate the roles of PRDX6 in lung tumor development. Urethane (1g/kg)-induced tumor incidence in PRDX6-Tg mice was significantly higher compared to non-Tg mice. In the tumors of PRDX6-Tg mice, the activation of JAK2/STAT3 and STAT3 DNA binding were also increased, accompanied by increased GPx and iPLA2 activities. PRDX6 was colocalized with JAK2 in tumor tissues and lung cancer cells and also showed physical interaction with JAK2. We found that increasing levels of PRDX6 increase the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Furthermore, PRDX6-Tg mice showed altered cytokine levels in the tumors, especially leading to increased CCL5 levels. We validated that the activation of JAK2 was also decreased in lung tumors of CCR5(-/-) mice, and CCL5 increased the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in the lung cancer cells. Thus, our findings suggest that PRDX6 promotes lung tumor development via its mediated and CCL5-associated activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Mun Yun
- Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration, School of Dentistry and Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ran Park
- Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration, School of Dentistry and Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hwan Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ran Jo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Kim
- Department of Maxillofacial Tissue Regeneration, School of Dentistry and Research Center for Tooth and Periodontal Regeneration (MRC), Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 150-716, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer, but the second leading cause of cancer death, in the world, with more than 700,000 fatalities annually. The major etiology of liver cancer is infection with an hepatotropic virus such as hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection. While chronic viral infection remains the main cause of liver disease and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), rates of nonviral-associated HCC are occurring at an alarmingly increasing rate. Like many cancers, survival rates are closely associated with time of detection. If HCC is caught early, survival rates can be as high as 50%. Regrettably, most cases of HCC are caught late where survival rates can be as low as 2-7%. Thus, there has been great interest in discovering serum biomarkers that could be used to identify those with HCC. To this end, many groups have examined the N-linked glycans to identify changes that occur with HCC. As the liver secretes the vast majority of proteins into the serum, this has often been a starting point for study. In serum, alterations in core fucosylation, outer-arm fucosylation, increased sialylation, and glycan branching have been observed in patients with HCC. Similar findings have been found directly in HCC tissue suggesting that these glycan changes may play a role in tumor formation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Mehta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Harmin Herrera
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy Block
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, USA
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Li G, Xie B, Li X, Chen Y, Xu Y, Xu-Welliver M, Zou L. Downregulation of peroxiredoxin-1 by β-elemene enhances the radiosensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma xenografts. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1427-33. [PMID: 25607351 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
β-elemene, the active component of elemene (1-methyl-1-vinyl-2,4-diisopropenyl-cyclohexane), is a naturally occurring compound isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Curcuma wenyujin. Studies have confirmed that β-elemene enhances the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cell lines such as A549, by multiple pathways; however, their underlying mechanisms and pathways are yet to be elucidated. In the present study, two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry were used to profile the different proteins in A549 cell xenograft models of both treatment groups. The protein/mRNA expression was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting techniques in tumor samples from all treatment groups. As a critical player in redox regulation of cancer cells, inhibition of peroxiredoxin-1 (Prx-1) may be an effective option for enhancing the tumor response to radiation. We further verified Prx-1 expression at the transcription and translation levels. β-elemene at a dose of 45 mg/kg had little effect on the Prx-1 protein expression, which was correlated with a moderate antitumor effect. However, a 45 mg/kg dose of β-elemene significantly inhibited the Prx-1 mRNA expression, thereby suggesting a possible influence on the transcriptional process, and radiation significantly increased the Prx-1 mRNA/protein expression compared to the control group (p<0.01). Notably, Prx-1 mRNA/protein expression was significantly lower in the β-elemene/radiation co-treatment group compared to the baseline levels in the control group (p<0.01). These results suggest that radiation-induced Prx-1 expression is directly or indirectly suppressed by β-elemene, thus suggesting a new pathway by which to reverse radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoquan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Bingbing Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Radiation Oncology Center, People's Liberation Army No. 323 Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi 710000, P.R. China
| | - Yinghai Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
| | - Yinghui Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P.R. China
| | - Meng Xu-Welliver
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1219, USA
| | - Lijuan Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, P.R. China
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Jiang L, Xiao X, Ren J, Tang Y, Weng H, Yang Q, Wu M, Tang W. Proteomic analysis of bladder cancer indicates Prx-I as a key molecule in BI-TK/GCV treatment system. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98764. [PMID: 24904997 PMCID: PMC4048271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to understand the molecular mechanisms of Bifidobacterium infantis thymidine kinase/nucleoside analogue ganciclovir (BI-TK/GCV) treatment system which was proven to exhibit sustainable anti-tumor growth activity and induce apoptosis in bladder cancer, a proteomic approach of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ), followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used. 192 down-regulated and 210 up-regulated proteins were identified after treatment with BI-TK/GCV system in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed that Peroxiredoxin-I (Prx-I) was significantly down-regulated in bladder cancer after treatment. Prx-I silencing by transfection of Prx-I shRNA significantly suppressed growth, promoted apoptosis and regulated the cell cycle in T24 cells and reduced the phospho-NF-κB p50 and p65 protein expression which revealed the links between Prx-I and NF-κB pathway implied by Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). These findings yield new insights into the therapy of bladder cancer, revealing Prx-I as a new therapeutic target and indicating BI-TK/GCV system as a prospective therapy by down-regulation of Prx-I through NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Ren
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - YongYong Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - HongQing Weng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - MingJun Wu
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- * E-mail:
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