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Chatzimisios K, Tsioli V, Brellou GD, Apostolopoulou EP, Angelou V, Pratsinakis ED, Cremers NAJ, Papazoglou LG. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Medical-Grade Honey and Hypericum Perforatum Ointment on Second-Intention Healing of Full-Thickness Skin Wounds in Cats. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:36. [PMID: 38200767 PMCID: PMC10778018 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of two topical treatments on second-intention wound healing in cats. Eight 2 × 2 cm full-thickness wounds were created, four on each side of the dorsal midline of eight laboratory cats, to receive either medical-grade honey ointment (MGH) and its control (HC), or Hypericum-based ointment (HP) and its control (HPC). MGH or HP ointment was applied to four wounds on the same side, while the remaining four were used as controls, chosen at random. Planimetry, laser Doppler flowmetry, daily physical examinations, and histologic examinations on days 0, 7, 14, and 25 were used to assess the healing of wounds. Tissue perfusion was better in the MGH-treated (2.14 ± 0.18 mm/s) and HP-treated wounds (2.02 ± 0.13 mm/s) than in the untreated controls HC (1.59 ± 0.11 mm/s) and HPC (1.60 ± 0.05 mm/s), respectively (p = 0.001). Histopathology revealed that the median edema score was lower in the MGH-treated (2; range 1-4) compared to the HC-treated wounds (3; range 2-4) on day 7 (p < 0.05). The median angiogenesis score was higher on day 7 in the MGH-treated (2; range 1-3) compared to the HP-treated wounds (2; range 1-2) (p = 0.046). The fibroblast concentration was increased in the MGH-treated wounds (3.5; range 3-4) compared to the HP-treated wounds (3; range 2-4) on day 25 (p = 0.046). MGH and HP increased tissue perfusion compared to the untreated controls. The MGH-treated wounds had histologic parameters superior to the HP-treated wounds regarding angiogenesis and fibroblast concentration in cutaneous wound healing in cats. Topical application of MGH and HP did not accelerate the healing process of feline cutaneous wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriakos Chatzimisios
- Unit of Surgery and Obstetrics, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of HealthSciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.C.)
| | - Vassiliki Tsioli
- Clinic of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, 224 Trikalon Street, Box Office 199, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Georgia D. Brellou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.D.B.); (E.P.A.)
| | - Emmanouela P. Apostolopoulou
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.D.B.); (E.P.A.)
| | - Vasileia Angelou
- Unit of Surgery and Obstetrics, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of HealthSciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.C.)
| | - Emmanouil D. Pratsinakis
- Laboratory of Agronomy, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Niels A. J. Cremers
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Triticum Exploitatie BV/Theomanufacturing BV, Sleperweg 44, 6222 NK Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lysimachos G. Papazoglou
- Unit of Surgery and Obstetrics, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of HealthSciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.C.)
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Vidal I, Torres-Vargas JA, Sánchez JM, Trigal M, García-Caballero M, Medina MÁ, Quesada AR. Danthron, an Anthraquinone Isolated from a Marine Fungus, Is a New Inhibitor of Angiogenesis Exhibiting Interesting Antitumor and Antioxidant Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051101. [PMID: 37237967 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The role played by a sustained angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases stimulates the interest in the search for new antiangiogenic drugs. In this manuscript, we provide evidence that 1,8- dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (danthron), isolated from the fermentation broth of the marine fungus Chromolaenicola sp. (HL-114-33-R04), is a new inhibitor of angiogenesis. The results obtained with the in vivo CAM assay indicate that danthron is a potent antiangiogenic compound. In vitro studies with human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVEC) reveal that this anthraquinone inhibits certain key functions of activated endothelial cells, including proliferation, proteolytic and invasive capabilities and tube formation. In vitro studies with human breast carcinoma MDA-MB231 and fibrosarcoma HT1080 cell lines suggest a moderate antitumor and antimetastatic activity of this compound. Antioxidant properties of danthron are evidenced by the observation that it reduces the intracellular reactive oxygen species production and increases the amount of intracellular sulfhydryl groups in endothelial and tumor cells. These results support a putative role of danthron as a new antiangiogenic drug with potential application in the treatment and angioprevention of cancer and other angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Vidal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Andalucía Tech, and IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Antonio Torres-Vargas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Andalucía Tech, and IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - José María Sánchez
- Biomar Microbial Technologies, Parque Tecnológico de León, Parcela M-10.4, Armunia, 24009 León, Spain
| | - Mónica Trigal
- Biomar Microbial Technologies, Parque Tecnológico de León, Parcela M-10.4, Armunia, 24009 León, Spain
| | - Melissa García-Caballero
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Andalucía Tech, and IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Andalucía Tech, and IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad 741 de CIBER "de Enfermedades Raras", E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana R Quesada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, Andalucía Tech, and IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
- Unidad 741 de CIBER "de Enfermedades Raras", E-29071 Málaga, Spain
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Ilieva Y, Momekov G, Zaharieva MM, Marinov T, Kokanova-Nedialkova Z, Najdenski H, Nedialkov PT. Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Prenylated Acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum olympicum L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1500. [PMID: 37050127 PMCID: PMC10097024 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Two new bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane type bicyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol derivatives (BPAPs), olympiforin A and B as well as three known prenylated phloroglucinols, were isolated from the aerial parts of Hypericum olympicum L. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by means of spectral techniques (HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR). All compounds were tested on a panel of human tumor (MDA-MB-231, EJ, K-562, HL-60 and HL-60/DOX) and non- tumorigenic (HEK-293 and EA.hy926) cell lines using the MTT assay. All tested compounds exerted significant in vitro cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 1.2 to 24.9 μM and from 0.9 to 34 μM on tumor and non-cancerous cell lines, respectively. Most of the compounds had good selectivity and were more cytotoxic to the tumor cell lines than to the normal ones. A degradation of the precursor caspase 9 for some of the compounds was observed; therefore, the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis is the most likely mechanism of cytotoxic activity. The BPAPs were examined for antibacterial and antibiofilm activity through the broth microdilution method and the protocol of Stepanović. They showed a moderate effect against Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus pyogenes but a very profound activity against Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) in the range of 0.78-2 mg/L. Olympiforin B also had a great effect against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with an MIC value of 1 mg/L and a very significant antibiofilm activity on that strain with a minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) value of 0.5 mg/L. The structures of the isolated compounds were in silico evaluated using ADME and drug likeness tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Ilieva
- Department of Infectious Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (Y.I.); (M.M.Z.)
| | - Georgi Momekov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Maya Margaritova Zaharieva
- Department of Infectious Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (Y.I.); (M.M.Z.)
| | - Teodor Marinov
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Hristo Najdenski
- Department of Infectious Microbiology, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (Y.I.); (M.M.Z.)
| | - Paraskev T. Nedialkov
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Li XX, Yan Y, Zhang J, Ding K, Xia CY, Pan XG, Shi YJ, Xu JK, He J, Zhang WK. Hyperforin: A natural lead compound with multiple pharmacological activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 206:113526. [PMID: 36442576 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypericum perforatum L. (Clusiaceae), commonly known as St. John's wort, has a rich historical background as one of the oldest and most widely studied herbal medicines. Hyperforin is the main antidepressant active ingredient of St. John's wort. In recent years, hyperforin has attached increasing attention due to its multiple pharmacological activities. In this review, the information on hyperforin was systematically summarized. Hyperforin is considered to be a lead compound with diverse pharmacological activities including anti-depression, anti-tumor, anti-dementia, anti-diabetes and others. It can be obtained by extraction and synthesis. Further pharmacological studies and more precise detection methods will help develop a value for hyperforin. In addition, structural modification and pharmaceutical preparation technology will be beneficial to promoting the research progress of hyperforin based innovative drugs. Although these works are full of known and unknown challenges, researchers are still expected to make hyperforin play a greater value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Li
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, PR China; School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Yu Yan
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Jia Zhang
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Kang Ding
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Cong-Yuan Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Xue-Ge Pan
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Yan-Jing Shi
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Jie-Kun Xu
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Wei-Ku Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
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Cardile A, Zanrè V, Campagnari R, Asson F, Addo SS, Orlandi E, Menegazzi M. Hyperforin Elicits Cytostatic/Cytotoxic Activity in Human Melanoma Cell Lines, Inhibiting Pro-Survival NF-κB, STAT3, AP1 Transcription Factors and the Expression of Functional Proteins Involved in Mitochondrial and Cytosolic Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021263. [PMID: 36674794 PMCID: PMC9860844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperforin (HPF), the main component responsible for the antidepressant action of Hypericum perforatum, displays additional beneficial properties including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobic, and antitumor activities. Among its antitumor effects, HPF activity on melanoma is poorly documented. Melanoma, especially BRAF-mutated melanoma, is still a high-mortality tumor type and the currently available therapies do not provide solutions. We investigated HPF's antimelanoma effectiveness in A375, FO1 and SK-Mel-28 human BRAF-mutated cell lines. Cell viability assays documented that all melanoma cells were affected by low HPF concentrations (EC50% 2-4 µM) in a time-dependent manner. A Br-deoxy-uridine incorporation assay attested a significant reduction of cell proliferation accompanied by decreased expression of cyclin D1 and A2, CDK4 and of the Rb protein phosphorylation, as assessed by immunoblots. In addition, the expression of P21/waf1 and the activated form of P53 were increased in A375 and SK-Mel-28 cells. Furthermore, HPF exerts cytotoxic effects. Apoptosis is induced 24 h after HPF administration, documented by an increase of cleaved-PARP1 and a decrease of both Bcl2 and Bcl-xL expression levels. Autophagy is induced, attested by an augmented LC3B expression and augmentation of the activated form of AMPK. Moreover, HPF lowers GPX4 enzyme expression, suggesting ferroptosis induction. HPF has been reported to activate the TRPC6 Ca++ channel and/or Ca++ and Zn++ release from mitochondria stores, increasing cytosolic Ca++ and Zn++ concentrations. Our data highlighted that HPF affects many cell-signaling pathways, including signaling induced by Ca++, such as FRA1, pcJun and pCREB, the expression or activity of which are increased shortly after treatment. However, the blockage of the TRPC6 Ca++ channel or the use of Ca++ and Zn++ chelators do not hinder HPF cytostatic/cytotoxic activity, suggesting that damages induced in melanoma cells may pass through other pathways. Remarkably, 24 h after HPF treatment, the expression of activated forms of the transcription factors NF-κB P65 subunit and STAT3 are significantly lowered. Several cytosolic (PGM2, LDHA and pPKM2) and mitochondrial (UQCRC1, COX4 and ATP5B) enzymes are downregulated by HPF treatment, suggesting a generalized reduction of vital functions in melanoma cells. In line with these results is the recognized ability of HPF to affect mitochondrial membrane potential by acting as a protonophore. Finally, HPF can hinder both melanoma cell migration and colony formation in soft agar. In conclusion, we provide evidence of the pleiotropic antitumor effects induced by HPF in melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cardile
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Valentina Zanrè
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Rachele Campagnari
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Asson
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Solomon Saforo Addo
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Orlandi
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Marta Menegazzi
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Huang J, Jiang B, Zhang X, Gao Y, Xu X, Miao Z. Triethyamine‐promoted [5+3] Cycloadditions for Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Functionalized aza‐Bicyclo[3.3.1]alkenones. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhiwei Miao
- Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry CHINA
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Arena R, Strazzeri MG, Bianchi T, Peghetti A, Merli Y, Abbenante D, Olivari D. Hypericum and neem oil for dehisced post-surgical wounds: a randomised, controlled, single-blinded phase III study. J Wound Care 2022; 31:492-500. [PMID: 35678785 DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2022.31.6.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a hypericum and neem oil dressing, Primary Wound Dressing [ONE] (1PWD) (Kerecis AG, Switzerland), in a patient population with dehiscence of surgical wounds with critical colonisation/infection. Efficacy was defined as resolution of inflammatory/infective symptoms. METHOD A randomised, controlled, single-blinded, parallel-arms phase III study was conducted comparing the experimental medication to silver-based dressings. All patients were evaluated at enrolment, on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. Improvement of inflammatory/infective symptoms was measured by detecting seven items of the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT). Pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). RESULTS The study enrolled 99 patients. Follow-up was completed in 49 patients in the experimental group and 48 patients in the control group. Overall BWAT evaluation demonstrated similar outcomes between the groups: t=0.23, p-value=0.81, 95% confidence interval (CI): -13.3-10.8. Furthermore, when evaluating the seven items of the BWAT relating to inflammatory signs, there was not a significant difference between the groups: t=0.38, p=0.35, 95% CI: -2.8-2.7. However, when an analysis using the NRS pain scale was performed, a statistically significant pain reduction was demonstrated in favour of the experimental group: t=7.8, p<0.0001, 95% CI: 2.918-4.8819. CONCLUSION This randomised controlled trial confirmed the efficacy of 1PWD, an investigational product, in the management of surgical dehiscence with critical colonisation or infection, with the added benefit of significant pain reduction when compared with a silver-based dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimondo Arena
- Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Garibaldi, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Tommaso Bianchi
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela Peghetti
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yuri Merli
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diego Abbenante
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diletta Olivari
- Clinica Medica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Li S, Chen Q, Xie X, Yang J, Zhang J. Pd-Catalyzed Enantioselective Dearomative Allylic Annulation to Access PPAPs Analogues. Org Lett 2021; 23:7824-7828. [PMID: 34570520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) share a common bicyclo[3.3.1]alkenone core structure and attract numerous attention from synthetic organic chemists due to their fascinating biological properties and associated synthetic challenges. We present herein that Pd-phosphoramidite catalysts promote the enantioselective dearomative allylic annulation reaction between allyl desoxyhumulones and allylic dicarbonates, affording PPAPs analogues in good yields and enantioselectivities. The reaction likely proceeds through two-step dearomative allylation by Pd, and the C-allylation pathway is the dominant mechanistic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanliang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qiaoyu Chen
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Junfeng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.,Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.,Zhuhai Fudan Innovation Institute, Zhuhai 519000, China
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Menegazzi M, Masiello P, Novelli M. Anti-Tumor Activity of Hypericum perforatum L. and Hyperforin through Modulation of Inflammatory Signaling, ROS Generation and Proton Dynamics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:antiox10010018. [PMID: 33379141 PMCID: PMC7824709 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we review the mechanisms of the antitumor effects of Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort, SJW) and its main active component hyperforin (HPF). SJW extract is commonly employed as antidepressant due to its ability to inhibit monoamine neurotransmitters re-uptake. Moreover, further biological properties make this vegetal extract very suitable for both prevention and treatment of several diseases, including cancer. Regular use of SJW reduces colorectal cancer risk in humans and prevents genotoxic effects of carcinogens in animal models. In established cancer, SJW and HPF can still exert therapeutic effects by their ability to downregulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit pro-survival kinases, angiogenic factors and extracellular matrix proteases, thereby counteracting tumor growth and spread. Remarkably, the mechanisms of action of SJW and HPF include their ability to decrease ROS production and restore pH imbalance in tumor cells. The SJW component HPF, due to its high lipophilicity and mild acidity, accumulates in membranes and acts as a protonophore that hinders inner mitochondrial membrane hyperpolarization, inhibiting mitochondrial ROS generation and consequently tumor cell proliferation. At the plasma membrane level, HPF prevents cytosol alkalization and extracellular acidification by allowing protons to re-enter the cells. These effects can revert or at least attenuate cancer cell phenotype, contributing to hamper proliferation, neo-angiogenesis and metastatic dissemination. Furthermore, several studies report that in tumor cells SJW and HPF, mainly at high concentrations, induce the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, likely by collapsing the mitochondrial membrane potential. Based on these mechanisms, we highlight the SJW/HPF remarkable potentiality in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Menegazzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Biochemistry Section, School of Medicine, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, I-37134 Verona, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-802-7168
| | - Pellegrino Masiello
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.M.); (M.N.)
| | - Michela Novelli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; (P.M.); (M.N.)
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Antiproliferative Effects of St. John's Wort, Its Derivatives, and Other Hypericum Species in Hematologic Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010146. [PMID: 33375664 PMCID: PMC7795730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypericum is a widely present plant, and extracts of its leaves, flowers, and aerial elements have been employed for many years as therapeutic cures for depression, skin wounds, and respiratory and inflammatory disorders. Hypericum also displays an ample variety of other biological actions, such as hypotensive, analgesic, anti-infective, anti-oxidant, and spasmolytic abilities. However, recent investigations highlighted that this species could be advantageous for the cure of other pathological situations, such as trigeminal neuralgia, as well as in the treatment of cancer. This review focuses on the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum), its derivatives, and other Hypericum species in hematologic malignancies. Hypericum induces apoptosis in both myeloid and lymphoid cells. Other Hypericum targets include matrix metalloproteinase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinase-9, which are mediators of cell migration and angiogenesis. Hypericum also downregulates the expression of proteins that are involved in the resistance of leukemia cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Finally, Hypericum and its derivatives appear to have photodynamic effects and are candidates for applications in tumor photodynamic therapy. Although the in vitro studies appear promising, controlled in vivo studies are necessary before we can hypothesize the introduction of Hypericum and its derivatives into clinical practice for the treatment of hematologic malignancies.
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Bicyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols and their derivatives: structural modification, structure-activity relationship, biological activity and mechanism of action. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 205:112646. [PMID: 32791400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bicyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (BPAPs), the principal bioactive benzophenone products isolated from plants of genera Garcinia and Hypericum, have attracted noticeable attention from the synthetic and biological communities due to their fascinating chemical structures and promising biological activities. However, the potential drug interaction, undesired physiochemical properties and toxicity have limited their potential use and development. In the last decade, pharmaceutical research on the structural modifications, structure-activity relationships (SARs) and mechanisms of action of BPAPs has been greatly developed to overcome the challenges. A comprehensive review of these scientific literature is extremely needed to give an overview of the rapidly emerging area and facilitate research related to BPAPs. This review, containing over 226 references, covers the progress made in the chemical synthesis-based structure modifications, SARs and the mechanism of action of BPAPs in vivo and vitro. The most relevant articles will focus on the discovery of lead compounds via synthetic modifications and the important BPAPs for which the direct targets have been deciphered. From this review, several key points of the SARs and mode of actions of this novel class of compounds have been summarized. The perspective and future direction of the research on BPAPs are concluded. This review would be helpful to get a better grasp of medicinal research of BPAPs and become a compelling guide for chemists dedicated to the synthesis of these compounds.
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Ocaña MC, Martínez-Poveda B, Marí-Beffa M, Quesada AR, Medina MÁ. Fasentin diminishes endothelial cell proliferation, differentiation and invasion in a glucose metabolism-independent manner. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6132. [PMID: 32273578 PMCID: PMC7145862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63232-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthetic compound fasentin has been described as a modulator of GLUT-1 and GLUT-4 transporters, thus inhibiting glucose uptake in some cancer cells. Endothelial glucose metabolism has been recently connected to angiogenesis and it is now an emerging topic in scientific research. Indeed, certain compounds with a known effect on glucose metabolism have also been shown to inhibit angiogenesis. In this work we tested the capability of fasentin to modulate angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. We show that fasentin inhibited tube formation in endothelial cells by a mechanism that involves a negative effect on endothelial cell proliferation and invasion, without affecting other steps related to the angiogenic process. However, fasentin barely decreased glucose uptake in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells and the GLUT-1 inhibitor STF-31 failed to inhibit tube formation in these cells. Therefore, this modulatory capacity on endothelial cells function exerted by fasentin is most likely independent of a modulation of glucose metabolism. Taken together, our results show a novel biological activity of fasentin, which could be evaluated for its utility in cancer and other angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mª Carmen Ocaña
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071, Málaga, Spain
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Poveda
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071, Málaga, Spain
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Manuel Marí-Beffa
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana R Quesada
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071, Málaga, Spain
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071, Málaga, Spain.
- IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071, Málaga, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-29071, Málaga, Spain.
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Cirak C, Radusiene J. Factors affecting the variation of bioactive compounds in Hypericum species. Biol Futur 2019; 70:198-209. [DOI: 10.1556/019.70.2019.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuneyt Cirak
- Vocational High School of Bafra, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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Majerník M, Jendželovský R, Babinčák M, Košuth J, Ševc J, Tonelli Gombalová Z, Jendželovská Z, Buríková M, Fedoročko P. Novel Insights into the Effect of Hyperforin and Photodynamic Therapy with Hypericin on Chosen Angiogenic Factors in Colorectal Micro-Tumors Created on Chorioallantoic Membrane. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3004. [PMID: 31248208 PMCID: PMC6627608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy with hypericin (HY-PDT) and hyperforin (HP) could be treatment modalities for colorectal cancer (CRC), but evidence of their effect on angiogenic factors in CRC is missing. Convenient experimental model utilization is essential for angiogenesis research. Therefore, not only 2D cell models, but also 3D cell models and micro-tumors were used and compared. The micro-tumor extent and interconnection with the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) was determined by histological analyses. The presence of proliferating cells and HY penetration into the tumor mass were detected by fluorescence microscopy. The metabolic activity status was assessed by an colorimetric assay for assessing cell metabolic activity (MTT assay) and HY accumulation was determined by flow cytometry. Pro-angiogenic factor expression was determined by Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). We confirmed the cytotoxic effect of HY-PDT and HP and showed that their effect is influenced by structural characteristics of the experimental model. We have pioneered a method for analyzing the effect of HP and cellular targeted HY-PDT on pro-angiogenic factor expression in CRC micro-tumors. Despite the inhibitory effect of HY-PDT and HP on CRC, the increased expression of some pro-angiogenic factors was observed. We also showed that CRC experimental micro-tumors created on quail CAM could be utilized for analyses of gene and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Majerník
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Rastislav Jendželovský
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Marián Babinčák
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Ján Košuth
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Juraj Ševc
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Tonelli Gombalová
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Zuzana Jendželovská
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
| | - Monika Buríková
- Cancer Research Institute BMC, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Fedoročko
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 54 Košice, Slovakia.
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Liu YY, Ao Z, Xu QQ, Zhu DR, Chen C, Wang XB, Luo JG, Kong LY. Hyperpatulols A–I, spirocyclic acylphloroglucinol derivatives with anti-migration activities from the flowers of Hypericum patulum. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:409-416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Exploring the Antiangiogenic Potential of Solomonamide A Bioactive Precursors: In Vitro and in Vivo Evidences of the Inhibitory Activity of Solo F-OH During Angiogenesis. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17040228. [PMID: 30991727 PMCID: PMC6520732 DOI: 10.3390/md17040228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges are a prolific source of bioactive compounds. In this work, the putative antiangiogenic potential of a series of synthetic precursors of Solomonamide A, a cyclic peptide isolated from a marine sponge, was evaluated. By means of an in vitro screening, based on the inhibitory activity of endothelial tube formation, the compound Solo F-OH was selected for a deeper characterization of its antiangiogenic potential. Our results indicate that Solo F-OH is able to inhibit some key steps of the angiogenic process, including the proliferation, migration, and invasion of endothelial cells, as well as diminish their capability to degrade the extracellular matrix proteins. The antiangiogenic potential of Solo F-OH was confirmed by means of two different in vivo models: the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and the zebrafish yolk membrane (ZFYM) assays. The reduction in ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation in endothelial cells treated with Solo F-OH denotes that this compound could target the upstream components that are common to both pathways. Taken together, our results show a new and interesting biological activity of Solo F-OH as an inhibitor of the persistent and deregulated angiogenesis that characterizes cancer and other pathologies.
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Macedo PD, Corbi ST, de Oliveira GJPL, Perussi JR, Ribeiro AO, Marcantonio RAC. Hypericin-glucamine antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the progression of experimentally induced periodontal disease in rats. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 25:43-49. [PMID: 30399457 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using the photosensitizer hypericin-glucamine in the progression of experimentally induced periodontal disease (PD) in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Subgingival ligatures were inserted around the upper second molars of 30 rats. After 7 days (Baseline), the animals were randomly distributed into 3 experimental (n = 5) groups: Hypericin-glucamine; LED (amber LED, 700 mA, 590 nm, 90 mW, 34.10 J/cm2); and aPDT (Hypericin-glucamine + LED). The treated hemimaxillae were randomly chosen. The periodontal disease progression was monitored without treatment interference in the opposite hemimaxillaes, which were used as the negative control of each animal. The euthanasia was programmed according to each experimental period, 7 or 15 days after the Baseline. Microtomographic, histometric and Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP) immunohistochemistry analyses were carried out. RESULTS Computerized microtomography analyses indicated that the aPDT group had a significantly higher percentage of bone tissue when compared to the other 7 days experimental groups. This result was corroborated by the histometric evaluations of the furcal area. The LED-treated group presented the highest percentages of bone volume for the 15 days experimental groups, which is remarkably higher than the groups treated with Hy-g and aPDT. The histometric analyses demonstrated the control groups had greater bone loss in the proximal regions when compared to the treated groups. The aPDT led to a lower osteoclast activity at both 7 and 15 days. Thus, we can conclude that aPDT exhibits positive effects in PD treatment by promoting favorable conditions for periodontal repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Delello Macedo
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry Araraquara, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, Brazil.
| | - Sâmara Tfaile Corbi
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry Araraquara, Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Anderson Orzari Ribeiro
- UFABC, Federal University of ABC, Centre for Natural Sciences and Humanities, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
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Fáber L, Kováč I, Mitrengová P, Novotný M, Varinská L, Vasilenko T, Kello M, Čoma M, Kuruc T, Petrová K, Miláčková I, Kuczmannová A, Peržeľová V, Mižáková Š, Dosedla E, Sabol F, Luczy J, Nagy M, Majerník J, Koščo M, Mučaji P, Gál P. Genistein Improves Skin Flap Viability in Rats: A Preliminary In Vivo and In Vitro Investigation. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071637. [PMID: 29973576 PMCID: PMC6100613 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have been developed to achieve beneficial effects of estrogens while minimizing their side effects. In this context, we decided to evaluate the protective effect of genistein, a natural SERM, on skin flap viability in rats and in a series of in vitro experiments on endothelial cells (migration, proliferation, antioxidant properties, and gene expression profiling following genistein treatment). Our results showed that administration of genistein increased skin flap viability, but importantly, the difference is only significant when treatment is started 3 days prior the flap surgery. Based on our in vitro experiments, it may be hypothesized that the underlying mechanism may rather by mediated by increasing SOD activity and Bcl-2 expression. The gene expression profiling further revealed 9 up-regulated genes (angiogenesis/inflammation promoting: CTGF, CXCL5, IL-6, ITGB3, MMP-14, and VEGF-A; angiogenesis inhibiting: COL18A1, TIMP-2, and TIMP-3). In conclusion, we observed a protective effect of genistein on skin flap viability which could be potentially applied in plastic surgery to women undergoing a reconstructive and/or plastic intervention. Nevertheless, further research is needed to explain the exact underlying mechanism and to find the optimal treatment protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Fáber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ivan Kováč
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- nd Clinic of Surgery, Louis Pasteur University Hospital and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 041 90 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Petra Mitrengová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Martin Novotný
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- Clinic of Infectology and Travel Medicine, Louis Pasteur University Hospital and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 041 90 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Lenka Varinská
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Tomáš Vasilenko
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- Clinic of Surgery, 1st Private Hospital Košice-Šaca and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 15 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Matúš Čoma
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Tomáš Kuruc
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Klaudia Petrová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ivana Miláčková
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Anika Kuczmannová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Vlasta Peržeľová
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Štefánia Mižáková
- Clinic of Heart Surgery, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Erik Dosedla
- st Private Hospital Košice-Šaca and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 15 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - František Sabol
- Clinic of Heart Surgery, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ján Luczy
- Clinic of Heart Surgery, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Milan Nagy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Jaroslav Majerník
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Martin Koščo
- Clinic of Angiology, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 04011 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Pavel Mučaji
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Peter Gál
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, 040 11 Košice, Slovak Republic.
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Comenius University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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In silico prediction of targets for anti-angiogenesis and their in vitro evaluation confirm the involvement of SOD3 in angiogenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17349-17367. [PMID: 29707113 PMCID: PMC5915121 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biocomputational network approaches are being successfully applied to predict and extract previously unknown information of novel molecular components of biological systems. In the present work, we have used this approach to predict new potential targets of anti-angiogenic therapies. For experimental validation of predictions, we made use of two in vitro assays related to two key steps of the angiogenic process, namely, endothelial cell migration and formation of "tubular-like" structures on Matrigel. From 7 predicted candidates, experimental tests clearly show that superoxide dismutase 3 silencing or blocking with specific antibodies inhibit both key steps of angiogenesis. This experimental validation was further confirmed with additional in vitro assays showing that superoxide dismutase 3 blocking produces inhibitory effects on the capacity of endothelial cells to form "tubular-like" structure within type I collagen matrix, to adhere to elastin-coated plates and to invade a Matrigel layer. Furthermore, angiogenesis was also inhibited in the en vivo aortic ring assay and in the in vivo mouse Matrigel plug assay. Therefore, superoxide dismutase 3 is confirmed as a putative target for anti-angiogenic therapy.
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New phloroglucinol derivatives from the whole plant of Hypericum uralum. Fitoterapia 2017; 123:59-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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A mixture of St. John's wort and sea buckthorn oils regresses endometriotic implants and affects the levels of inflammatory mediators in peritoneal fluid of the rat: A surgically induced endometriosis model. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 55:786-790. [PMID: 28040120 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) and St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) are used as an emmenagog and for the treatment of other gynecological disorders including uterus inflammation and endometriosis. The aim of the present study is to investigate the potential of a mixture of sea buckthorn and St. John's wort oils (HrHp oil) in the treatment of endometriosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The activity was assessed in surgically induced endometriosis in rats. A 15-mm piece of endometrium was sutured into the abdominal wall. Twenty-eight days later, a second laparotomy was performed to calculate the endometrial foci areas and to score intra-abdominal adhesions. The rats were treated with either vehicle, HrHp oil formulation, or the reference (buserelin acetate). At the end of the experiment all rats were sacrificed and endometriotic foci areas and intra-abdominal adhesions were re-evaluated. The tissue sections were analyzed histopathologically. Peritoneal fluids of the experimental animals were collected in order to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor, and interleukin-6, which might be involved in the etiology of endometriosis. RESULTS In the HrHp oil-treated group, the volumes of endometriotic implants were found to be significantly decreased (from 50.8 mm3 to 18.6 mm3, p<0.001) without any adhesion (0.0±0.0, p<0.001) when compared to the control group (3.1±0.9). The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α decreased from 7.02±1.33 pg/mL to 4.78±1.02 pg/mL (p<0.01); vascular endothelial growth factor from 17.39±8.52 pg/mL to 9.67±5.04 pg/mL (p<0.01); and interleukin-6 from 50.95±22.84 pg/mL to 29.11±7.45 pg/mL (p<0.01), respectively, after HrHp oil treatment. CONCLUSION HrHp oil may be a promising alternative for the treatment of endometriosis.
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Guo Y, Zhang N, Chen C, Huang J, Li XN, Liu J, Zhu H, Tong Q, Zhang J, Luo Z, Xue Y, Zhang Y. Tricyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinols from St John's Wort, Hypericum perforatum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1493-1504. [PMID: 28445039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The new polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol derivatives 1-15 and the known furohyperforin (16) were isolated from the stems and leaves of Hypericum perforatum. Their structures were determined by analyses of NMR and HRESIMS data. Their absolute configurations were elucidated by a combination of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and Rh2(OCOCF3)4-induced ECD, as well as X-ray diffraction crystallography. The new hyperforatin F (9) contains a unique acetyl functionality at C-1 of the bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane core. Hyperforatins G (10) and H (11) are similarly the first examples of naturally occurring [3.3.1]-type polycyclic prenylated acylphloroglucinols possessing a carbonyl functionality at C-32. The compounds were tested for their acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities and cytotoxic activities against a panel of human tumor cell lines. Compounds 3, 5, 6, 8, and 9 exerted moderate inhibitory activities (IC50 3.98-9.13 μM) against AChE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiao-Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650204, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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Biotechnological production of hyperforin for pharmaceutical formulation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 126:10-26. [PMID: 28377273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hyperforin is a major active constituent of Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort). It has amazing pharmacological activities, such as antidepressant properties, but it is labile and difficult to synthesize. Its sensitivity and lipophilicity are challenges for processing and formulation. Its chemical complexity provokes approaches of biotechnological production and modification. Dedifferentiated H. perforatum cell cultures lack appropriate storage sites and hence appreciable hyperforin levels. Shoot cultures are capable of forming hyperforin but less suitable for biomass up-scaling in bioreactors. Roots commonly lack hyperforin but a recently established adventitious root line has been demonstrated to produce hyperforin and derivatives at promising levels. The roots also contained lupulones, the typical constituents of hop (Humulus lupulus). Although shear-sensitive, these root cultures provide a potential production platform for both individual compounds and extracts with novel combinations of constituents and pharmacological activities. Besides in vitro cultivation techniques, the reconstruction of hyperforin biosynthesis in microorganisms is a promising alternative for biotechnological production. The biosynthetic pathway is under study, with omics-technologies being increasingly implemented. These biotechnological approaches may not only yield hyperforin at reasonable productivity but also allow for modifications of its chemical structure and pharmacological profile.
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García-Vilas JA, Pino-Ángeles A, Martínez-Poveda B, Quesada AR, Medina MÁ. The noni anthraquinone damnacanthal is a multi-kinase inhibitor with potent anti-angiogenic effects. Cancer Lett 2016; 385:1-11. [PMID: 27816491 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The natural bioactive compound damnacanthal inhibits several tyrosine kinases. Herein, we show that -in fact- damancanthal is a multi kinase inhibitor. A docking and molecular dynamics simulation approach allows getting further insight on the inhibitory effect of damnacanthal on three different kinases: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, c-Met and focal adhesion kinase. Several of the kinases targeted and inhibited by damnacanthal are involved in angiogenesis. Ex vivo and in vivo experiments clearly demonstrate that, indeed, damnacanthal is a very potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. A number of in vitro assays contribute to determine the specific effects of damnacanthal on each of the steps of the angiogenic process, including inhibition of tubulogenesis, endothelial cell proliferation, survival, migration and production of extracellular matrix remodeling enzyme. Taken altogether, these results suggest that damancanthal could have potential interest for the treatment of cancer and other angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier A García-Vilas
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Martínez-Poveda
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana R Quesada
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-29071 Málaga, Spain.
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Khalid EB, Ayman EMEK, Rahman H, Abdelkarim G, Najda A. Natural products against cancer angiogenesis. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:14513-14536. [PMID: 27651162 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5364-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of angiogenesis is quite well-known nowadays. Some medicines and extracts affecting this process are already used routinely in supporting the conventional treatment of many diseases that are considered angiogenic such as cancer. However, we must be aware that the area of currently used drugs of this type is much narrower than the theoretical possibilities existing in therapeutic angiogenesis. Plant substances are a large and diverse group of compounds that are found naturally in fruits, vegetables, spices, and medicinal plants. They also have different anticancer properties. The aim of this literature review article is to present the current state of knowledge concerning the molecular targets of tumor angiogenesis and the active substances (polyphenols, alkaloids, phytohormones, carbohydrates, and terpenes) derived from natural sources, whose activity against cancer angiogenesis has been confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Bairi Khalid
- Independent Research Team in Cancer Biology and Bioactive Compounds, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed 1st, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - El-Meghawry El-Kenawy Ayman
- Department of Molecular Biology GEBRI, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heshu Rahman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, ChaqChaq, Qularasy, Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Guaadaoui Abdelkarim
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology (LGB), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed 1st University (UMP), Oujda, Morocco
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Quality Laboratory of Vegetable and Medicinal Materials, Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczyńskiego Street 58, 20-068, Lublin, Poland
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García-Vilas JA, Quesada AR, Medina MÁ. Screening of synergistic interactions of epigallocatechin-3-gallate with antiangiogenic and antitumor compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.synres.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Oliveira AI, Pinho C, Sarmento B, Dias ACP. Neuroprotective Activity of Hypericum perforatum and Its Major Components. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1004. [PMID: 27462333 PMCID: PMC4939296 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Hypericum perforatum is a perennial plant, with worldwide distribution, commonly known as St. John's wort. It has been used for centuries in traditional medicine for the treatment of several disorders, such as minor burns, anxiety, and mild to moderate depression. In the past years, its antidepressant properties have been extensively studied. Despite that, other H. perforatum biological activities, as its neuroprotective properties have also been evaluated. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the main biologically active compounds of H. perforatum, as for its chemistry, pharmacological activities, drug interactions and adverse reactions and gather scattered information about its neuroprotective abilities. As for this, it has been demonstrated that H. perforatum extracts and several of its major molecular components have the ability to protect against toxic insults, either directly, through neuroprotective mechanisms, or indirectly, through is antioxidant properties. H. perforatum has therefore the potential to become an effective neuroprotective therapeutic agent, despite further studies that need to be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Oliveira
- Nucleo de Investigação e Informação em Farmácia, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Saúde do Porto – Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Vila Nova de GaiaPortugal
- Agrobioplant Group (CITAB-UM), Department of Biology, University of Minho, BragaPortugal
| | - Cláudia Pinho
- Nucleo de Investigação e Informação em Farmácia, Centro de Investigação em Saúde e Ambiente, Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Saúde do Porto – Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Vila Nova de GaiaPortugal
- Agrobioplant Group (CITAB-UM), Department of Biology, University of Minho, BragaPortugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico e Universitário, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra PRDPortugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, PortoPortugal
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, PortoPortugal
| | - Alberto C. P. Dias
- Agrobioplant Group (CITAB-UM), Department of Biology, University of Minho, BragaPortugal
- *Correspondence: Alberto C. P. Dias,
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Xu WJ, Zhu MD, Wang XB, Yang MH, Luo J, Kong LY. Hypermongones A-J, Rare Methylated Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinols from the Flowers of Hypericum monogynum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1093-1100. [PMID: 25924023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hypermongones A-J (1-10), rare methylated polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol derivatives, together with three known simple acylphloroglucinols (11-13) as their plausible biogenetic precursors, were identified from the flowers of Hypericum monogynum. The structures of 1-10 were elucidated by analysis of their 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data; the absolute configuration of their polycyclic skeleton was determined by the electronic circular dichroism exciton chirality method and was subsequently confirmed by an X-ray diffraction study of 1. The evaluation of their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells revealed that compound 7 exhibited significant NO inhibition activity, with an IC50 value of 9.5 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Di Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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Sun Q, Heilmann J, König B. Natural phenolic metabolites with anti-angiogenic properties - a review from the chemical point of view. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:249-64. [PMID: 25815077 PMCID: PMC4361970 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the many secondary natural metabolites available from plants, phenolic compounds play a particularly important role in human health as they occur in significant amounts in many fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants. In this review natural phenolic compounds of plant origin with significant anti-angiogenic properties are discussed. Thirteen representatives from eight different natural or natural-like phenolic subclasses are presented with an emphasis on their synthesis and methods to modify the parent compounds. When available, the consequence of structural variation on the pharmacological activity of the molecules is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Sun
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Heilmann
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Franco P, Potenza I, Moretto F, Segantin M, Grosso M, Lombardo A, Taricco D, Vallario P, Filippi AR, Rampino M, Ricardi U. Hypericum perforatum and neem oil for the management of acute skin toxicity in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiation or chemo-radiation: a single-arm prospective observational study. Radiat Oncol 2014; 9:297. [PMID: 25544371 PMCID: PMC4300176 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-014-0297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation dermatitis is common in patients treated with combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy for head and neck malignancies. Its timely and adequate management is of uttermost importance for both oncological outcomes and global quality of life. We prospectively evaluated the role of hypericum perforatum and neem oil (Holoil®; RIMOS srl, Mirandola, Italy) in the treatment of acute skin toxicity for patients undergoing radiotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. METHODS A consecutive series of 28 head and neck cancer patients submitted to radiotherapy (RT) was enrolled onto this mono-institutional single-arm prospective observational study. Patients undergoing both definitive or post-operative radiotherapy were allowed, either as exclusive modality or combined with (concomitant or induction) chemotherapy. We started Holoil treatment whenever bright erythema, moderate oedema or patchy moist desquamation were observed. Holoil® was used during all RT course and during follow up time, until acute skin toxicity recovery. RESULTS The maximum detected acute skin toxicity was Grade 1 in 7% of patients, Grade 2 in 68%, Grade 3 in 25%, while at the end of RT was Grade 0 in 3.5%, Grade 1 in 32%, Grade 2 in 61%, Grade 3 in 3.5%. For patients having G2 acute skin toxicity, it mainly started at weeks 4-5; for those having G3, it began during weeks 5-6. Median times spent with G2 or G3 toxicity were 17.5 and 11 days. Patients having G2 acute skin toxicity had a dermatitis worsening in 27% of case (median occurrence time: 7 days). G3 events were reconverted to a G2 profile in all patients (median time: 7 days). Those experiencing a G2 skin event were converted to a G1 score in 23% of cases (median time: 14 days). Time between maximum acute skin toxicity and complete skin recovery after RT was 27 days. CONCLUSIONS Holoil® proved to be a safe and active option in the management of acute skin toxicity in head and neck cancer patients submitted to RT or chemo-radiotherapy. A prophylactic effect in the prevention of moist desquamation may be hypothesized for hypericum and neem oil and need to be tested within a prospective controlled study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Franco
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Ilenia Potenza
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Francesco Moretto
- Radiotherapy Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Mattia Segantin
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Mario Grosso
- Radiotherapy Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Antonello Lombardo
- ENT Surgery Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Daniela Taricco
- Radiotherapy Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Vallario
- Radiotherapy Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Andrea Riccardo Filippi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
| | - Monica Rampino
- Radiotherapy Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin School of Medicine, Via Genova 3, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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Protonophore properties of hyperforin are essential for its pharmacological activity. Sci Rep 2014; 4:7500. [PMID: 25511254 PMCID: PMC4266863 DOI: 10.1038/srep07500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperforin is a pharmacologically active component of the medicinal plant Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort), recommended as a treatment for a range of ailments including mild to moderate depression. Part of its action has been attributed to TRPC6 channel activation. We found that hyperforin induces TRPC6-independent H+ currents in HEK-293 cells, cortical microglia, chromaffin cells and lipid bilayers. The latter demonstrates that hyperforin itself acts as a protonophore. The protonophore activity of hyperforin causes cytosolic acidification, which strongly depends on the holding potential, and which fuels the plasma membrane sodium-proton exchanger. Thereby the free intracellular sodium concentration increases and the neurotransmitter uptake by Na+ cotransport is inhibited. Additionally, hyperforin depletes and reduces loading of large dense core vesicles in chromaffin cells, which requires a pH gradient in order to accumulate monoamines. In summary the pharmacological actions of the “herbal Prozac” hyperforin are essentially determined by its protonophore properties shown here.
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Grenning AJ, Boyce JH, Porco JA. Rapid synthesis of polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol analogs via dearomative conjunctive allylic annulation. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:11799-804. [PMID: 25061804 PMCID: PMC4140454 DOI: 10.1021/ja5060302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Polyprenylated
acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) are structurally complex
natural products with promising biological activities. Herein, we
present a biosynthesis-inspired, diversity-oriented synthesis approach
for rapid construction of PPAP analogs via double decarboxylative
allylation (DcA) of acylphloroglucinol scaffolds to access allyl-desoxyhumulones
followed by dearomative conjunctive allylic alkylation (DCAA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Grenning
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development (CMLD-BU), Boston University , 590 Commonwealth Ave., Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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Sun Q, Schmidt S, Tremmel M, Heilmann J, König B. Synthesis of natural-like acylphloroglucinols with anti-proliferative, anti-oxidative and tube-formation inhibitory activity. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:621-8. [PMID: 25128665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Two series of natural and natural-like mono- and bicyclic acylphloroglucinols derived from secondary metabolites in the genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) were synthesised and tested in vitro for anti-proliferative and tube-formation inhibitory activity in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). In addition, their anti-oxidative activity was determined via an ORAC-assay. The first series of compounds (4a-e) consisted of geranylated monocyclic acylphloroglucinols with varying aliphatic acyl substitution patterns, which were subsequently cyclised to the corresponding 2-methyl-2-prenylchromane derivatives (5a and 5d). The second series involved compounds containing a 2,2-dimethylchromane skeleton with differing aromatic acyl substitution (6a-d and 7a-e). Compound 7a, (5,7-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethylchroman-6-yl)-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methanone), showed the highest in vitro anti-proliferative activity with an IC50 of 0.88 ± 0.08 μM and a remarkable anti-oxidative activity of 2.8 ± 0.1 TE from the ORAC test. Interestingly, the high anti-proliferative activity of these acylphloroglucinols was not associated with tube-formation inhibition. Compounds (E)-1-(3-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)-2-methylbutan-1-one (4d) and (5,7-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethylchroman-6-yl)(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanone (6a) exhibited moderate to weak anti-proliferative effects (IC50 11.0 ± 1 μM and 48.0 ± 4.3 μM, respectively) and inhibited the capillary-like tube formation of HMEC-1 in vitro, whereas 7a was inactive. The most active compound in the ORAC assay was 7c, which exhibited an anti-oxidative effect of 6.6 ± 1.0 TE. However, this compound showed only weak activity during the proliferation assay (IC50 53.8 ± 0.3) and did not inhibit tube-formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Sun
- Universität Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schmidt
- Universität Regensburg, Pharmaceutical Biology, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martina Tremmel
- Universität Regensburg, Pharmaceutical Biology, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Heilmann
- Universität Regensburg, Pharmaceutical Biology, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Burkhard König
- Universität Regensburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Universitätsstr. 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Kıyan HT, Demirci B, Başer KHC, Demirci F. The in vivo evaluation of anti-angiogenic effects of Hypericum essential oils using the chorioallantoic membrane assay. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:44-50. [PMID: 24044783 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.810647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hypericum species including Hypericum confertum Choisy, H. hircinum L., H. hyssopifolium Chaix. subsp. elongatum (Ledeb.) Woron var. microcalycinum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss. and H. perforatum L. (Clusiaceae) are used as medicinal plants in Turkey. OBJECTIVE The anti-angiogenic evaluation of Hypericum essential oils using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay are performed with this study for the first time. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-angiogenic activity of Hypericum essential oils (0.5-5.0 mg/ml) was evaluated in vivo using the CAM assay, compared to standard anti-angiogenic substances at the same concentrations, in trice replicated independent assays. GC and GC-MS analyses were carried out simultaneously to identify the chemical compositions of the Hypericum essential oils. RESULTS The CAM treated with H. perforatum essential oil showed anti-angiogenic effect (score 0.6 ± 0.3) at 50 µg/pellet concentration, whereas other tested Hypericum essential oils showed no effect compared to the standards (e.g. suramin score 0.5 ± 0.2). Furthermore, the tested oils showed neither membrane toxicity nor irritation at the tested concentrations. The major compound of the essential oil of H. confertum was identified as germacrene D (30.2%). The major compound of the essential oils of the H. hircinum. H. hyssopifolium subsp. elongatum var. microcalycinum and H. perforatum was identified as α-pinene (88.3, 57.8, 33.3%), respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Hypericum species and in particular H. perforatum essential oil may have important effect toward wound healing and various inflammations. The data obtained in this experiment suggest further investigations on various cancers due to its anti-angiogenic effects observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Tuba Kıyan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University , Eskisehir , Turkey
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Teiten MH, Gaascht F, Dicato M, Diederich M. Anticancer bioactivity of compounds from medicinal plants used in European medieval traditions. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:1239-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Richard JA. Chemistry and Biology of the Polycyclic Polyprenylated Acylphloroglucinol Hyperforin. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201300815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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García-Vilas JA, Quesada AR, Medina MÁ. 4-methylumbelliferone inhibits angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:4063-4071. [PMID: 23581646 DOI: 10.1021/jf303062h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
4-Methylumbelliferone (4-MU) is a hyaluronic acid biosynthesis inhibitor with antitumoral and antimetastatic effects. The objective of the present study was to determine the potential of 4-MU as an antiangiogenic compound. To fulfill this aim, cultured endothelial cells were used to perform an array of in vitro assays, as well as two different in vivo angiogenesis assays. This study demonstrates that, in fact, 4-MU behaves as a new inhibitor of both in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis. In vitro, 4-MU affects several key steps of angiogenesis, including endothelial cell proliferation, adhesion, tube formation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) values in the proliferation assay were 0.65 ± 0.04 and 0.37 ± 0.03 mM for HMEC and RF-24 endothelial cells, respectively. 4-MU (2 mM) treatment for 24 h induced apoptosis in 13% of HMEC and 5% of RF-24 cells. The number of adherent endothelial cells decreased by >20% after 24 h of treatment with 1 mM 4-MU. Minimal inhibitory concentrations in the tube formation assay were 2 and 0.5 mM 4-MU for HMEC and RF-24, respectively. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression was differentially altered upon 4-MU treatment in both tested endothelial cell lines. Taken together, the results suggest that 4-MU may have potential as a new candidate multitargeted bioactive compound for antiangiogenic therapy.
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García-Caballero M, Marí-Beffa M, Cañedo L, Medina MÁ, Quesada AR. Toluquinol, a marine fungus metabolite, is a new angiosuppresor that interferes with the Akt pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 85:1727-40. [PMID: 23603293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Toluquinol, a methylhydroquinone produced by a marine fungus, was selected in the course of a blind screening for new potential inhibitors of angiogenesis. In the present study we provide the first evidence that toluquinol is a new anti-angiogenic-compound. In a variety of experimental systems, representing the sequential events of the angiogenic process, toluquinol treatment of activated endothelial cells resulted in strong inhibitory effect. Toluquinol inhibited the growth of endothelial and tumor cells in culture in the micromolar range. Our results indicate that the observed growth inhibitory effect could be due, at least in part, to an induction of apoptosis. Toluquinol induced endothelial cell death is mediated via apoptosis after a cell cycle block and caspase activation. Capillary tube formation on Matrigel and migratory, invasive and proteolytic capabilities of endothelial cells were inhibited by addition of toluquinol at subtoxic concentrations. Inhibition of the mentioned essential steps of in vitro angiogenesis agrees with the observed inhibition of the in vivo angiogenesis, substantiated by using the chick chorioallatoic membrane assay and confirmed by the murine Matrigel plug, the zebrafish embryo neovascularization and the zebrafish caudal fin regeneration assays. Data here shown altogether indicate that toluquinol has antiangiogenic effects both in vitro and in vivo that are exerted partly by suppression of the VEGF and FGF-induced Akt activation of endothelial cells. These effects are carried out at lower concentrations to those required for other inhibitors of angiogenesis, what makes toluquinol a promising drug candidate for further evaluation in the treatment of cancer and other angiogenesis-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa García-Caballero
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Málaga, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
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Iabichella ML. The use of an extract of Hypericum perforatum and Azadirachta indica in advanced diabetic foot: an unexpected outcome. BMJ Case Rep 2013; 2013:bcr-2012-007299. [PMID: 23413284 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2012-007299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first case reporting the results of using an extract of Hypericum flowers (Hypericum perforatum) and neem oil (Azadirachta indica) in foot wounds with exposed bone in a patient with bilateral advanced diabetic ulcers. The effective use of this cheap treatment in patients with diabetic lesions on the feet, if confirmed in a wide controlled study, might allow the caregivers to take care of patients at home.
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Comparison of the cytotoxic effects of enantiopure PPAPs, including nemorosone and clusianone. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:6144-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Šemeláková M, Mikeš J, Jendželovský R, Fedoročko P. The pro-apoptotic and anti-invasive effects of hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy are enhanced by hyperforin or aristoforin in HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2012; 117:115-25. [PMID: 23099482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is a rapidly-developing anti-cancer approach for the treatment of various types of malignant as well as non-malignant diseases. In this study, hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy (HY-PDT) in sub-optimal dose was combined with hyperforin (HP) or its stable derivative aristoforin (AR) in an effort to improve efficacy on the cellular level. The logic of this combination is based on the fact that both bioactive compounds naturally occur in plants of Hypericum sp. At relatively low concentrations up to 5 μM, hyperforin and aristoforin were able to stimulate onset of apoptosis in HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells exposed to HY-PDT, inhibit cell cycle progression, suppress expression of matrixmetalloproteinases-2/-9 together with cell adhesivity, thereby affecting the clonogenic potential of the cells. As the action of aristoforin was more pronounced, in line with our assumption, these changes were also linked in this case with hypericin accumulation and increased ROS generation leading to dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential in a significant portion of the cells, as well as activation of caspase-3. Comparison of HT-29 cells to another colon adenocarcinoma-derived cell line HCT-116 demonstrated significant differences in sensitivity of different cell lines to PDT, however, accumulated effect of HY-PDT with HP/AR proved similar in both tested cell lines. The presented data may help to elucidate the mechanisms of action for different bioactive constituents of St. John's wort, which are increasingly recognized as being able to regulate a variety of pathobiological processes, thus possessing potential therapeutic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Šemeláková
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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Evaluation of the anti-angiogenic potential of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, two bio-active phenolic compounds of extra virgin olive oil, in endothelial cell cultures. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Mojžišová G, Mojžiš J, Pilátová M, Varinská L, Ivanová L, Strojný L, Richnavský J. Antiproliferative and antiangiogenic properties of horse chestnut extract. Phytother Res 2012; 27:159-65. [PMID: 22451355 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to examine the in vitro antiproliferative effect of the horse chestnut extract (HCE) on cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we have investigated the in vitro effect of HCE on some angiogenic events by using human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The cell proliferation was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and anchorage-independent growth by colony-forming assay. To understand the growth inhibitory effects, carcinoma cell lines (Jurkat, CEM, HeLa, and MCF-7) were treated with various concentrations of HCE. Incubation of Jurkat, CEM, HeLa, and MCF-7 cancer cells with HCE at 125 µg/mL for 72 h caused 93.7%, 32.3%, 20.4% and 40.4% reduction in cell survival. Colony-forming assay also confirmed growth-inhibitory effects of the compound studied. In HeLa HCE-treated cells, we found a significant increase in cells having sub-G(0) /G(1) DNA content which is considered to be a marker of apoptotic cell death. Apoptosis was also further confirmed by DNA fragmentation analysis.Furthermore, HCE inhibited migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells as well as decreased secretion of matrix metalloproteinase and vascular endothelial growth factor.In conclusion, the present study has assessed the in vitro antiproliferative/antiangiogenic potential of HCE. These results generate a rationale for in vivo efficacy studies with horse chestnut in preclinical cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Mojžišová
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of P. J. Šafarik, Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Lin C, Wu M, Dong J. Quercetin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (QODG) inhibits angiogenesis by suppressing VEGFR2-mediated signaling in zebrafish and endothelial cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31708. [PMID: 22348123 PMCID: PMC3278463 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. Identification of small molecules that block angiogenesis and are safe and affordable has been a challenge in drug development. Hypericum attenuatum Choisy is a Chinese herb medicine commonly used for treating hemorrhagic diseases. The present study investigates the anti-angiogenic effects of quercetin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (QODG), a flavonoid isolated from Hypericum attenuatum Choisy, in vivo and in vitro, and clarifies the underlying mechanism of the activity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Tg(fli1:EGFP) transgenic zebrafish embryos were treated with different concentrations of quercetin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (QODG) (20, 60, 180 µM) from 6 hours post fertilisation (hpf) to 72 hpf, and adult zebrafish were allowed to recover in different concentrations of QODG (20, 60, 180 µM) for 7 days post amputation (dpa) prior morphological observation and angiogenesis phenotypes assessment. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with or without VEGF and different concentrations of QODG (5, 20, 60, 180 µM), then tested for cell viability, cell migration, tube formation and apoptosis. The role of VEGFR2-mediated signaling pathway in QODG-inhibited angiogenesis was evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Quercetin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (QODG) was shown to inhibit angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro and zebrafish in vivo via suppressing VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR2. Our results further indicate that QODG inhibits angiogenesis via inhibition of VEGFR2-mediated signaling with the involvement of some key kinases such as c-Src, FAK, ERK, AKT, mTOR and S6K and induction of apoptosis. Together, this study reveals, for the first time, that QODG acts as a potent VEGFR2 kinase inhibitor, and exerts the anti-angiogenic activity at least in part through VEGFR2-mediated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lin
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Menghua Wu
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Dong
- Pharmacy School, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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López-Jiménez A, García-Caballero M, Medina MÁ, Quesada AR. Anti-angiogenic properties of carnosol and carnosic acid, two major dietary compounds from rosemary. Eur J Nutr 2011; 52:85-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-011-0289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of kahweol, a coffee diterpene. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23407. [PMID: 21858104 PMCID: PMC3153489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological studies have shown that unfiltered coffee consumption is associated with a low incidence of cancer. This study aims to identify the effects of kahweol, an antioxidant diterpene contained in unfiltered coffee, on angiogenesis and key inflammatory molecules. Methodology/Principal Findings The experimental procedures included in vivo angiogenesis assays (both the chicken and quail choriallantoic membrane assay and the angiogenesis assay with fluorescent zebrafish), the ex vivo mouse aortic ring assay and the in vitro analysis of the effects of treatment of human endothelial cells with kahweol in cell growth, cell viability, cell migration and zymographic assays, as well as the tube formation assay on Matrigel. Additionally, two inflammation markers were determined, namely, the expression levels of cyclooxygenase 2 and the levels of secreted monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. We show for the first time that kahweol is an anti-angiogenic compound with inhibitory effects in two in vivo and one ex vivo angiogenesis models, with effects on specific steps of the angiogenic process: endothelial cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation on Matrigel. We also demonstrate the inhibitory effect of kahweol on the endothelial cell potential to remodel extracellular matrix by targeting two key molecules involved in the process, MMP-2 and uPA. Finally, the anti-inflammatory potential of this compound is demonstrated by its inhibition of both COX-2 expression and MCP-1 secretion in endothelial cells. Conclusion/Significance Taken together, our data indicate that, indeed, kahweol behaves as an anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic compound with potential use in antitumoral therapies. These data may contribute to the explanation of the reported antitumoral effects of kahweol, including the recent epidemiological meta-analysis showing that drinking coffee could decrease the risk of certain cancers.
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Sun F, Liu JY, He F, Liu Z, Wang R, Wang DM, Wang YF, Yang DP. In-vitro antitumor activity evaluation of hyperforin derivatives. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2011; 13:688-699. [PMID: 21751836 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2011.584532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The derivatives of hyperforin, namely hyperforin acetate (2), 17,18,22,23,27,28,32,33-octahydrohyperforin acetate (3), and N,N-dicyclohexylamine salt of hyperforin (4), have been investigated for their antitumor properties. In-vitro studies demonstrated that 2 and 4 were active against HeLa (human cervical cancer), A375 (human malignant melanoma), HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma), MCF-7 (human breast cancer), A549 (human nonsmall cell lung cancer), K562 (human chronic myeloid leukemia), and K562/ADR (human adriamycin-resistant K562) cell lines with IC(50) values in the range of 3.2-64.1 μM. The energy differences between highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of 2-4 were calculated to be 0.39778, 0.43106, and 0.30900 a.u., respectively, using the Gaussian 03 software package and ab initio method with the HF/6-311 G* basis set. The result indicated that the biological activity of 4 might be the strongest and that of 3 might be the weakest, which was in accordance with their corresponding antiproliferative effects against the tested tumor cell lines. Compound 4 caused cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in flow cytometry experiment and induced apoptosis by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI (propidium iodide) double-labeled staining in HepG2 cells. The results indicated a potential for N,N-dicyclohexylamine salt of hyperforin as a new antitumor drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Liu JY, Liu Z, Wang DM, Li MM, Wang SX, Wang R, Chen JP, Wang YF, Yang DP. Induction of apoptosis in K562 cells by dicyclohexylammonium salt of hyperforin through a mitochondrial-related pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2011; 190:91-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Koeberle A, Rossi A, Bauer J, Dehm F, Verotta L, Northoff H, Sautebin L, Werz O. Hyperforin, an Anti-Inflammatory Constituent from St. John's Wort, Inhibits Microsomal Prostaglandin E(2) Synthase-1 and Suppresses Prostaglandin E(2) Formation in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2011; 2:7. [PMID: 21687502 PMCID: PMC3108608 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2011.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The acylphloroglucinol hyperforin (Hyp) from St. John's wort possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties which were ascribed among others to the inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase. Here, we investigated whether Hyp also interferes with prostanoid generation in biological systems, particularly with key enzymes participating in prostaglandin (PG)E2 biosynthesis, i.e., cyclooxygenases (COX)-1/2 and microsomal PGE2 synthase (mPGES)-1 which play key roles in inflammation and tumorigenesis. Similar to the mPGES-1 inhibitors MK-886 and MD-52, Hyp significantly suppressed PGE2 formation in whole blood assays starting at 0.03–1 μM, whereas the concomitant generation of COX-derived 12(S)-hydroxy-5-cis-8,10-trans-heptadecatrienoic acid, thromboxane B2, and 6-keto PGF1α was not significantly suppressed up to 30 μM. In cell-free assays, Hyp efficiently blocked the conversion of PGH2 to PGE2 mediated by mPGES-1 (IC50 = 1 μM), and isolated COX enzymes were not (COX-2) or hardly (COX-1) suppressed. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of Hyp (4 mg kg−1) to rats impaired exudate volume and leukocyte numbers in carrageenan-induced pleurisy associated with reduced PGE2 levels, and Hyp (given i.p.) inhibited carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema formation (ED50 = 1 mg kg−1) being superior over indomethacin (ED50 = 5 mg kg−1). We conclude that the suppression of PGE2 biosynthesis in vitro and in vivo by acting on mPGES-1 critically contributes to the anti-inflammatory efficiency of Hyp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Koeberle
- Department for Pharmaceutical Analytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany
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Jeong SJ, Koh W, Lee EO, Lee HJ, Lee HJ, Bae H, Lü J, Kim SH. Antiangiogenic phytochemicals and medicinal herbs. Phytother Res 2010; 25:1-10. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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