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Mota I, Patrucco E, Mastini C, Mahadevan NR, Thai TC, Bergaggio E, Cheong TC, Leonardi G, Karaca-Atabay E, Campisi M, Poggio T, Menotti M, Ambrogio C, Longo DL, Klaeger S, Keshishian H, Sztupinszki ZM, Szallasi Z, Keskin DB, Duke-Cohan JS, Reinhold B, Carr SA, Wu CJ, Moynihan KD, Irvine DJ, Barbie DA, Reinherz EL, Voena C, Awad MM, Blasco RB, Chiarle R. ALK peptide vaccination restores the immunogenicity of ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:1016-1035. [PMID: 37430060 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00591-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is treated with ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but the lack of activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is poorly understood. Here, we identified immunogenic ALK peptides to show that ICIs induced rejection of ALK+ tumors in the flank but not in the lung. A single-peptide vaccination restored priming of ALK-specific CD8+ T cells, eradicated lung tumors in combination with ALK TKIs and prevented metastatic dissemination of tumors to the brain. The poor response of ALK+ NSCLC to ICIs was due to ineffective CD8+ T cell priming against ALK antigens and is circumvented through specific vaccination. Finally, we identified human ALK peptides displayed by HLA-A*02:01 and HLA-B*07:02 molecules. These peptides were immunogenic in HLA-transgenic mice and were recognized by CD8+ T cells from individuals with NSCLC, paving the way for the development of a clinical vaccine to treat ALK+ NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Mota
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Enrico Patrucco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Mastini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Navin R Mahadevan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tran C Thai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisa Bergaggio
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taek-Chin Cheong
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giulia Leonardi
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Marco Campisi
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Teresa Poggio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Menotti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Ambrogio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Dario L Longo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Torino, Italy
| | - Susan Klaeger
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Zsófia M Sztupinszki
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zoltan Szallasi
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Derin B Keskin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Translational Immunogenomics Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Metropolitan College, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Section for Bioinformatics, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jonathan S Duke-Cohan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce Reinhold
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelly D Moynihan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Darrell J Irvine
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - David A Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ellis L Reinherz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudia Voena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mark M Awad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rafael B Blasco
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
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2
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Lim MS, Foley M, Mussolin L, Siebert R, Turner S. Biopathology of childhood, adolescent and young adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2023; 36:101447. [PMID: 36907637 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2023.101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mature non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) in the childhood, adolescent and young adult (CAYA) population are rare and exhibit unique clinical, immunophenotypic and genetic characteristics. Application of large-scale unbiased genomic and proteomic technologies such as gene expression profiling and next generation sequencing (NGS) have led to enhanced understanding of the genetic basis for many lymphomas in adults. However, studies to investigate the pathogenetic events in CAYA population are relatively sparse. Enhanced understanding of the pathobiologic mechanisms involved in non-Hodgkin lymphomas in this unique population will allow for improved recognition of these rare lymphomas. Elucidation of the pathobiologic differences between CAYA and adult lymphomas will also lead to the design of more rational and much needed, less toxic therapies for this population. In this review, we summarize recent insights gained from the proceedings of the recent 7th International CAYA NHL Symposium held in New York City, New York October 20-23, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Lim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center,417 East 68th New York City, NY, USA.
| | - Michelle Foley
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Howard 14, New York City, NY, USA New York City, NY, USA.
| | - Lara Mussolin
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, University Hospital of Padova, via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy.
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University & Ulm University Medical Center, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Suzanne Turner
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Lab Block Level 3, Box 231, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB20QQ, UK; CEITEC, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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3
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Qi R, Yu Y, Shen M, Lv D, He S. Current status and challenges of immunotherapy in ALK rearranged NSCLC. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1016869. [PMID: 36591504 PMCID: PMC9795041 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1016869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rearrangements of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene account for 5-6% in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). ALK rearranged NSCLC is sensitive to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) but prone to drug resistance. Meanwhile, ALK rearranged NSCLC has poor response to single immunotherapy. Here we mainly describe the immune escape mechanisms of ALK mutated NSCLC and the role of related biomarkers. Additionally, we collate and evaluate preclinical and clinical studies of novel immune combination regimens, and describe the prospects and perspectives for the in vivo application of novel immune technologies in patients with ALK rearranged NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongbin Qi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, TaiZhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingying Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, TaiZhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mo Shen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongqing Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, At Enze Hospital, Affiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Susu He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, TaiZhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Susu He,
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Abdul Rahman SA, Loutfi K, Turk T, Rahman AA, Kherbek H, Ghanem A, Alshehabi Z. A challenging case of ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma in a 12-year-old boy: A rare case report from Syria. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 79:104085. [PMID: 35860076 PMCID: PMC9289481 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Anaplastic Large-cell Lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare but aggressive type of NHL that develop from mature post-thymic T-cells. ALCL constitutes approximately 2% of all lymphoid neoplasm. It is typically found among children and young adults, accounting for 10–15% of pediatric NHL, compared to 2% of adult NHL. Case presentation A 12-year-old Syrian boy was admitted to our hospital due to epistaxis, anorexia, weight loss and night sweats. The physical examination revealed preauricular, postauricular and submandibular lymphadenopathy. Pathological examination of the biopsy suggested Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma. Later on, Immunohistochemistry staining confirmed the diagnosis of ALK-negative Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma. Clinical discussion Systemic ALCL can be categorized into two major groups based on the expression of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) protein: Systemic ALK + positive and Systemic ALK-negative. The majority of pediatric cases show an overexpression of (ALK), however, pediatric ALK-negative ALCL can occur in rare cases. Conclusion The aim of this article is to report a rare case of pediatric ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma that developed a rapid & aggressive growth within a few months despite the chemotherapy treatment and unfortunately led to the patient's death. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and one of the subtypes of T cell lymphoma. ALK-negative ALCL is rare among children and has a poor prognosis. Establishing ALCL diagnosis is challenging due to the similarities with CHL, DLBCL and PTCL-NOS.
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5
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Third-generation EGFR and ALK inhibitors: mechanisms of resistance and management. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:499-514. [DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00639-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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The Dual Role of Autophagy in Crizotinib-Treated ALK + ALCL: From the Lymphoma Cells Drug Resistance to Their Demise. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102517. [PMID: 34685497 PMCID: PMC8533885 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has been described as harboring a dual role in cancer development and therapy. Depending on the context, it can exert either pro-survival or pro-death functions. Here, we review what is known about autophagy in crizotinib-treated ALK+ ALCL. We first present our main findings on the role and regulation of autophagy in these cells. Then, we provide literature-driven hypotheses that could explain mechanistically the pro-survival properties of autophagy in crizotinib-treated bulk and stem-like ALK+ ALCL cells. Finally, we discuss how the potentiation of autophagy, which occurs with combined therapies (ALK and BCL2 or ALK and RAF1 co-inhibition), could convert it from a survival mechanism to a pro-death process.
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Sankar K, Nagrath S, Ramnath N. Immunotherapy for ALK-Rearranged Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Challenges Inform Promising Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1476. [PMID: 33806977 PMCID: PMC8004790 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rearrangements in the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) gene have been implicated in 5-6% of all non-small cell lung cancers. ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancers are sensitive to ALK-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but generally resistant to single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here, we aim to describe the mechanisms of ALK aberrations in non-small cell lung cancer by which an immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment is created, leading to host immune evasion. We report pre-clinical and clinical studies evaluating novel immunotherapeutic approaches and describe the promises and challenges of incorporating immune-based treatments for ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamya Sankar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5848, USA;
| | - Sunitha Nagrath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5848, USA;
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5848, USA
| | - Nithya Ramnath
- Division of Medical Oncology, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5848, USA
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Wang L, Lui VWY. Emerging Roles of ALK in Immunity and Insights for Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E426. [PMID: 32059449 PMCID: PMC7072244 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is mostly known for its oncogenic role in several human cancers. Recent evidences clearly indicate new roles of ALK and its genetic aberrations (e.g. gene rearrangements and mutations) in immune evasion, innate and cell-mediated immunity. New ALK-related immunotherapy approaches are demonstrating both preclinical and clinical promises. Here, we provide a timely review on the most updated laboratory and patient-related findings on ALK and immunity, which would grant us important insights for the development of novel ALK immunotherapies for ALK-altered cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivian Wai Yan Lui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China;
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Singh VK, Werner S, Schwalm S, Lennerz V, Ruf S, Stadler S, Hackstein H, Reiter A, Wölfel T, Damm-Welk C, Woessmann W. NPM-ALK-reactive T-cell responses in children and adolescents with NPM-ALK positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1625688. [PMID: 31428523 PMCID: PMC6685518 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1625688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncoantigen nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK) induces cellular and humoral immune responses in patients with NPM-ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). We characterize the NPM-ALK-specific T-cell responses in a cohort of pediatric and adolescent ALCL-patients in remission without Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA)-preselection. First, we assessed NPM-ALK-reactive T-cell responses and their HLA-class I restriction in patients by using dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with in vitro transcribed (IVT) NPM-ALK-RNA for CD8 (n = 20) or CD3 (n = 9) T-cell stimulation. NPM-ALK-specific T-cells were detected in twelve of 29 patients (nine of 20 with CD8-selected and three of nine with CD3-selected cells). Recognition of NPM-ALK was restricted by HLA-C alleles in six of eight, and by HLA-B alleles in four of eight analyzed patients. No NPM-ALK-reactivity was detected in 20 healthy individuals. Second, in order to define possible immunogenic NPM-ALK-epitope regions, DCs pulsed with pools of overlapping long NPM-ALK-peptides were used to stimulate T-cells in further 22 patients and ten controls. Responsive T-cells were detected in 15 patients and in five controls. A peptide pool located in the middle of the kinase domain induced ALK-reactive T-cells in 14 of 15 responsive patients. We could narrow to single peptides between p327-p370 of NPM-ALK in four patients. In conclusion, using IVT-RNA, 40% of NPM-ALK-positive ALCL-patients in remission had detectable NPM-ALK-specific T-cell responses which were mainly restricted by HLA-B and -C alleles. Peptide stimulation of T-cells revealed responses in almost 70% of patients and allowed describing an immunogenic region located in the ALK-kinase domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Singh
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Werner
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Schwalm
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Volker Lennerz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephanie Ruf
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Serena Stadler
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Holger Hackstein
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Haemostaseology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alfred Reiter
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wölfel
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christine Damm-Welk
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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Knörr F, Weber S, Singh VK, Pulford K, Reiter A, Woessmann W, Damm-Welk C. Epitope mapping of anti-ALK antibodies in children with anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Clin Immunol 2018; 195:77-81. [PMID: 30077013 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Patients with Nucleophosmin (NPM)-Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) mount ALK autoantibodies. The titer of these autoantibodies inversely correlates with the risk of relapse. The epitopes recognized by these autoantibodies in NPM-ALK might be associated with different ALK-antibody levels. We used overlapping peptide microarray technology to analyze epitope-binding to NPM-ALK by plasma or serum from 129 ALK-positive ALCL patients and 21 controls. Antibodies present in sera from ALCL patients bound to epitopes mainly in the C-terminal region of the ALK portion of NPM-ALK (amino acid positions 469-496, 561-588, 617-644). Patients with higher ALK antibody titers detected the epitope 561-588 more frequently as well as three further epitopes at the N-terminus of the kinase domain compared to patients with intermediate and low titers. These results identify new potential target epitopes for immunotherapy in ALK-positive ALCL. The methodology can be adapted for more reproducible analyses of tumor antigen detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Knörr
- Dept. of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Weber
- Dept. of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Vijay K Singh
- Dept. of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Karen Pulford
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alfred Reiter
- Dept. of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- Dept. of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christine Damm-Welk
- Dept. of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
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Stadler S, Singh VK, Knörr F, Damm-Welk C, Woessmann W. Immune Response against ALK in Children with ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040114. [PMID: 29642597 PMCID: PMC5923369 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) mount a humoral and cellular immune response against ALK. More than 90% of children and adolescents with ALK-positive ALCL have detectable anti-ALK antibodies in serum or plasma, and the antibody titer inversely correlates with the risk of relapse. ALK-specific CD8 and CD4 T cell responses have been described in patients with ALK-positive ALCL. Vaccination with ALK DNA led to protection against lymphoma growth in a murine model. Collectively, these data suggest that the ALK-specific immune response is involved in the control of the disease. The characteristics of the humoral and cellular immune response against ALK as well as tumor immune escape mechanisms have been increasingly investigated. However, tumor and host factors contributing to the individual immune response against ALK are still largely unknown. Depending on the individual strength of the immune response and its determinants, individualized immunological approaches might be appropriate for the consolidation of ALCL patients. Strategies such as ALK vaccination could be effective for those with a pre-existing anti-tumor immunity, while an allogeneic blood stem cell transplantation or check-point inhibition could be effective for others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Stadler
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig University, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Vijay Kumar Singh
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig University, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Fabian Knörr
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig University, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Christine Damm-Welk
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig University, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig University, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
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Montes-Mojarro IA, Steinhilber J, Bonzheim I, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Fend F. The Pathological Spectrum of Systemic Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL). Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040107. [PMID: 29617304 PMCID: PMC5923362 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) represents a group of malignant T-cell lymphoproliferations that share morphological and immunophenotypical features, namely strong CD30 expression and variable loss of T-cell markers, but differ in clinical presentation and prognosis. The recognition of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion proteins as a result of chromosomal translocations or inversions was the starting point for the distinction of different subgroups of ALCL. According to their distinct clinical settings and molecular findings, the 2016 revised World Health Organization (WHO) classification recognizes four different entities: systemic ALK-positive ALCL (ALK+ ALCL), systemic ALK-negative ALCL (ALK− ALCL), primary cutaneous ALCL (pC-ALCL), and breast implant-associated ALCL (BI-ALCL), the latter included as a provisional entity. ALK is rearranged in approximately 80% of systemic ALCL cases with one of its partner genes, most commonly NPM1, and is associated with favorable prognosis, whereas systemic ALK− ALCL shows heterogeneous clinical, phenotypical, and genetic features, underlining the different oncogenesis between these two entities. Recognition of the pathological spectrum of ALCL is crucial to understand its pathogenesis and its boundaries with other entities. In this review, we will focus on the morphological, immunophenotypical, and molecular features of systemic ALK+ and ALK− ALCL. In addition, BI-ALCL will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne A Montes-Mojarro
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University, Liebermeisterstraße 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Julia Steinhilber
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University, Liebermeisterstraße 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Irina Bonzheim
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University, Liebermeisterstraße 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University, Liebermeisterstraße 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Falko Fend
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls-University, Liebermeisterstraße 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Knörr F, Damm-Welk C, Ruf S, Singh VK, Zimmermann M, Reiter A, Woessmann W. Blood cytokine concentrations in pediatric patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Haematologica 2017; 103:477-485. [PMID: 29242300 PMCID: PMC5830391 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.177972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma often present with B-symptoms or hemophagocytosis and generate an anti-tumor immune response. Specific serum cytokine levels or profiles may reflect the tumor burden, non-specific immune stimulation by the tumor or differences in the strength of the patients’ anti-lymphoma immunity. We systematically correlated pretreatment concentrations of 25 cytokines with clinical and biological characteristics in a well-characterized cohort of 119 uniformly treated pediatric patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Fifteen patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma in remission and 11 patients with low-stage B-cell lymphoma served as controls. Concentrations of interleukin-9, interleukin-10, interleukin-17a, hepatocyte growth factor, soluble interleukin-2 receptor, and soluble CD30 were significantly higher in initial sera of patients than in the sera of subjects from both control groups, indicating an anaplastic large cell lymphoma-type cytokine signature. The levels of interleukin-6, interferon-γ, interferon γ-induced protein, and soluble interleukin-2 receptor correlated with the stage, initial general condition, minimal disseminated disease, anaplastic lymphoma kinase-antibody titers, and the risk of relapse among patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Only interleukin-6 showed an independent prognostic value in multivariate analyses. Pretreatment cytokine profiles in patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma reflect a tumor signature as well as tumor burden and also differences in the strength of the patients’ immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Knörr
- NHL-BFM Study Center, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen
| | - Christine Damm-Welk
- NHL-BFM Study Center, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen
| | - Stephanie Ruf
- NHL-BFM Study Center, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen
| | - Vijay Kumar Singh
- NHL-BFM Study Center, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen
| | - Martin Zimmermann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Alfred Reiter
- NHL-BFM Study Center, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- NHL-BFM Study Center, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen
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Nitawaki T, Sakata Y, Kawamura K, Ichikado K. Case report: continued treatment with alectinib is possible for patients with lung adenocarcinoma with drug-induced interstitial lung disease. BMC Pulm Med 2017; 17:173. [PMID: 29207989 PMCID: PMC5718064 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-017-0519-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alectinib, a second-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor, is a key drug for ALK rearranged lung adenocarcinoma. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is an important adverse effect of alectinib, which generally requires termination of treatment. However, we treated two patients with drug-induced ILD who continued to receive alectinib. CASE PRESENTATION Patient 1 was a 57-year-old male with an ALK-rearranged Stage IV lung adenocarcinoma who was administered alectinib as first-line therapy. Computed tomography (CT) detected asymptomatic ground-glass opacity (GGO) on day 33 of treatment. Alectinib therapy was therefore discontinued for 7 days and then restarted. GGO disappeared, and the progression of ILD ceased. Patient 2 was a 64-year-old woman with an ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma who was administered alectinib as third-line therapy. One year later, CT detected GGO; and she had a slight, nonproductive cough. Alectinib therapy was continued in the absence of other symptoms, and GGO slightly diminished after 7 days. Two months later, CT detected increased GGO, and alectinib therapy was continued. GGO diminished again after 7 days. The patient has taken alectinib for more than 2 years without progression of ILD. CONCLUSIONS Certain patients with alectinib-induced ILD Grade 2 or less may continue alectinib therapy if they are closely managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Nitawaki
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, 5-3-1 Chikami, Kumamoto, 861-4193 Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Sakata
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, 5-3-1 Chikami, Kumamoto, 861-4193 Japan
| | - Kodai Kawamura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, 5-3-1 Chikami, Kumamoto, 861-4193 Japan
| | - Kazuya Ichikado
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital, 5-3-1 Chikami, Kumamoto, 861-4193 Japan
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15
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Sp17 Protein Expression and Major Histocompatibility Class I and II Epitope Presentation in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma Patients. Adv Hematol 2017; 2017:6527306. [PMID: 29204156 PMCID: PMC5674480 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6527306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved therapies are urgently needed for patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Success using immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T cell technology has fuelled demand for validated cancer epitopes. Immunogenic cancer testis antigens (CTAs), with their widespread expression in many tumours but highly restricted normal tissue distribution, represent attractive immunotherapeutic targets that may improve treatment options for DLBCL and other malignancies. Sperm protein 17 (Sp17), a CTA reported to be immunogenic in ovarian cancer and myeloma patients, is expressed in DLBCL. The aim of the present study was to investigate Sp17 epitope presentation via the presence of a cytotoxic T cell (CTL) and a CD4 T-helper (Th) response in DLBCL patients. A significant γ-interferon CTL response was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 13/31 DLBCL patients following short-term cell stimulation with two novel HLA-A⁎0201 peptides and one previously reported HLA-A⁎0101-restricted nine-mer Sp17 peptide. No significant responses were detected in the HLA-A⁎0201-negative DLBCL patients or four healthy subjects. A novel immunogenic 20-mer CD4 Th Sp17 peptide was detected in 8/17 DLBCL patients. This is the first report of a CTL and a CD4 Th response to Sp17 in DLBCL and supports Sp17 as a potential immunotherapeutic target for DLBCL.
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16
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Mussolin L, Pillon M, Zimmermann M, Carraro E, Basso G, Knoerr F, Woessmann W, Damm-Welk C. Course of anti-ALK antibody titres during chemotherapy in children with anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2017; 182:733-735. [PMID: 28857122 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Mussolin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Fondazione Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Marta Pillon
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martin Zimmermann
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Carraro
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Basso
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Clinic of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabian Knoerr
- NHL-BFM Study Centre and Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- NHL-BFM Study Centre and Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christine Damm-Welk
- NHL-BFM Study Centre and Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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17
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Melaiu O, Mina M, Chierici M, Boldrini R, Jurman G, Romania P, D'Alicandro V, Benedetti MC, Castellano A, Liu T, Furlanello C, Locatelli F, Fruci D. PD-L1 Is a Therapeutic Target of the Bromodomain Inhibitor JQ1 and, Combined with HLA Class I, a Promising Prognostic Biomarker in Neuroblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:4462-4472. [PMID: 28270499 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study sought to evaluate the expression of programmed cell death-ligand-1 (PD-L1) and HLA class I on neuroblastoma cells and programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes to better define patient risk stratification and understand whether this tumor may benefit from therapies targeting immune checkpoint molecules.Experimental Design:In situ IHC staining for PD-L1, HLA class I, PD-1, and LAG3 was assessed in 77 neuroblastoma specimens, previously characterized for tumor-infiltrating T-cell density and correlated with clinical outcome. Surface expression of PD-L1 was evaluated by flow cytometry and IHC in neuroblastoma cell lines and tumors genetically and/or pharmacologically inhibited for MYC and MYCN. A dataset of 477 human primary neuroblastomas from GEO and ArrayExpress databases was explored for PD-L1, MYC, and MYCN correlation.Results: Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the combination of PD-L1 and HLA class I tumor cell density is a prognostic biomarker for predicting overall survival in neuroblastoma patients (P = 0.0448). MYC and MYCN control the expression of PD-L1 in neuroblastoma cells both in vitro and in vivo Consistently, abundance of PD-L1 transcript correlates with MYC expression in primary neuroblastoma.Conclusions: The combination of PD-L1 and HLA class I represents a novel prognostic biomarker for neuroblastoma. Pharmacologic inhibition of MYCN and MYC may be exploited to target PD-L1 and restore an efficient antitumor immunity in high-risk neuroblastoma. Clin Cancer Res; 23(15); 4462-72. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ombretta Melaiu
- Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Oncohaematology Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Mina
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy.,Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Renata Boldrini
- Pathology Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Romania
- Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Oncohaematology Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio D'Alicandro
- Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Oncohaematology Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria C Benedetti
- Pathology Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora Castellano
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Tao Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Center, University of New South Wales, Randwich, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Franco Locatelli
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Doriana Fruci
- Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Oncohaematology Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
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18
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Roussel H, De Guillebon E, Biard L, Mandavit M, Gibault L, Fabre E, Antoine M, Hofman P, Beau-Faller M, Blons H, Danel C, Barthes FLP, Gey A, Granier C, Wislez M, Laurent-Puig P, Oudard S, Bruneval P, Badoual C, Cadranel J, Tartour E. Composite biomarkers defined by multiparametric immunofluorescence analysis identify ALK-positive adenocarcinoma as a potential target for immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1286437. [PMID: 28507793 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1286437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors have been successfully developed for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) displaying chromosomal rearrangements of the ALK gene, but unfortunately resistance invariably occurs. Blockade of the PD-1-PD-L1/2 inhibitory pathway constitutes a breakthrough for the treatment of NSCLC. Some predictive biomarkers of clinical response to this therapy are starting to emerge, such as PD-L1 expression by tumor/stromal cells and infiltration by CD8+ T cells expressing PD-1. To more effectively integrate all of these potential biomarkers of clinical response to immunotherapy, we have developed a multiparametric immunofluorescence technique with automated immune cell counting to comprehensively analyze the tumor microenvironment of ALK-positive adenocarcinoma (ADC). When analyzed as either a continuous or a dichotomous variable, the mean number of tumor cells expressing PD-L1 (p = 0.012) and the percentage of tumor cells expressing PD-L1 were higher in ALK-positive ADC than in EGFR-mutated ADC or WT (non-EGFR-mutated and non-KRAS-mutated) NSCLC. A very strong correlation between PD-L1 expression on tumor cells and intratumoral infiltration by CD8+ T cells was observed, suggesting that an adaptive mechanism may partly regulate this expression. A higher frequency of tumors combining positive PD-L1 expression and infiltration by intratumoral CD8+ T cells or PD-1+CD8+ T cells was also observed in ALK-positive lung cancer patients compared with EGFR-mutated (p = 0.03) or WT patients (p = 0.012). These results strongly suggest that a subgroup of ALK-positive lung cancer patients may constitute good candidates for anti-PD-1/-PD-L1 therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Roussel
- INSERM U970, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Eléonore De Guillebon
- INSERM U970, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Department of Oncology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Biard
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Information, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Marion Mandavit
- INSERM U970, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Laure Gibault
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Fabre
- Department of Oncology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Martine Antoine
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.,GRC04 Théranoscan, Université P&M Curie, Paris, France
| | - Paul Hofman
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France
| | - Michèle Beau-Faller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hôpital de Hautepierre Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Blons
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyINSERM UMR-S 1147, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Claire Danel
- Department of Pathology Pompidou, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | | | - Alain Gey
- INSERM U970, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Service d'Immunologie biologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Clémence Granier
- INSERM U970, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Service d'Immunologie biologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Marie Wislez
- GRC04 Théranoscan, Université P&M Curie, Paris, France.,Department of Pneumology, Hôpital Tenon, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Laurent-Puig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyINSERM UMR-S 1147, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Oudard
- INSERM U970, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Department of Oncology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Bruneval
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Badoual
- INSERM U970, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Cadranel
- GRC04 Théranoscan, Université P&M Curie, Paris, France.,Department of Pneumology, Hôpital Tenon, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Eric Tartour
- INSERM U970, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,Service d'Immunologie biologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, APHP, Paris, France
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19
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Nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase: the ultimate oncogene and therapeutic target. Blood 2016; 129:823-831. [PMID: 27879258 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-05-717793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase physiologically expressed by fetal neural cells. However, aberrantly expressed ALK is involved in the pathogenesis of diverse malignancies, including distinct types of lymphoma, lung carcinoma, and neuroblastoma. The aberrant ALK expression in nonneural cells results from chromosomal translocations that create novel fusion proteins. These protein hybrids compose the proximal part of a partner gene, including its promoter region, and the distal part of ALK, including the coding sequence for the entire kinase domain. ALK was first identified in a subset of T-cell lymphomas with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) morphology (ALK+ ALCL), the vast majority of which harbor the well-characterized nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK fusion protein. NPM-ALK co-opts several intracellular signal transduction pathways, foremost being the STAT3 pathway, normally activated by cytokines from the interleukin-2 (IL-2) family to promote cell proliferation and to inhibit apoptosis. Many genes and proteins modulated by NPM-ALK are also involved in evasion of antitumor immune response, protection from hypoxia, angiogenesis, DNA repair, cell migration and invasiveness, and cell metabolism. In addition, NPM-ALK uses epigenetic silencing mechanisms to downregulate tumor suppressor genes to maintain its own expression. Importantly, NPM-ALK is capable of transforming primary human CD4+ T cells into immortalized cell lines indistinguishable from patient-derived ALK+ ALCL. Preliminary clinical studies indicate that inhibition of NPM-ALK induces long-lasting complete remissions in a large subset of heavily pretreated adult patients and the vast majority of children with high-stage ALK+ ALCL. Combining ALK inhibition with other novel therapeutic modalities should prove even more effective.
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20
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K Singh V, Werner S, Hackstein H, Lennerz V, Reiter A, Wölfel T, Damm-Welk C, Woessmann W. Analysis of nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK)-reactive CD8(+) T cell responses in children with NPM-ALK(+) anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Clin Exp Immunol 2016; 186:96-105. [PMID: 27414060 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular immune responses against the oncoantigen anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) in patients with ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) have been detected using peptide-based approaches in individuals preselected for human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01. In this study, we aimed to evaluate nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK-specific CD8(+) T cell responses in ALCL patients ensuring endogenous peptide processing of ALK antigens and avoiding HLA preselection. We also examined the HLA class I restriction of ALK-specific CD8(+) T cells. Autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with in-vitro-transcribed RNA (IVT-RNA) encoding NPM-ALK were used as antigen-presenting cells for T cell stimulation. Responder T lymphocytes were tested in interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays with NPM-ALK-transfected autologous DCs as well as CV-1 in Origin with SV40 genes (COS-7) cells co-transfected with genes encoding the patients' HLA class I alleles and with NPM-ALK encoding cDNA to verify responses and define the HLA restrictions of specific T cell responses. NPM-ALK-specific CD8(+) T cell responses were detected in three of five ALK-positive ALCL patients tested between 1 and 13 years after diagnosis. The three patients had also maintained anti-ALK antibody responses. No reactivity was detected in samples from five healthy donors. The NPM-ALK-specific CD8(+) T cell responses were restricted by HLA-C-alleles (C*06:02 and C*12:02) in all three cases. This approach allowed for the detection of NPM-ALK-reactive T cells, irrespective of the individual HLA status, up to 9 years after ALCL diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Singh
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
| | - S Werner
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
| | - H Hackstein
- Institute of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - V Lennerz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - A Reiter
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
| | - T Wölfel
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - C Damm-Welk
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
| | - W Woessmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
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21
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Damm-Welk C, Siddiqi F, Fischer M, Hero B, Narayanan V, Camidge DR, Harris M, Burke A, Lehrnbecher T, Pulford K, Oschlies I, Siebert R, Turner S, Woessmann W. Anti-ALK Antibodies in Patients with ALK-Positive Malignancies Not Expressing NPM-ALK. J Cancer 2016; 7:1383-7. [PMID: 27471553 PMCID: PMC4964121 DOI: 10.7150/jca.15238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with Nucleophosmin (NPM)- Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) fusion positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma produce autoantibodies against ALK indicative of an immune response against epitopes of the chimeric fusion protein. We asked whether ALK-expression in other malignancies induces specific antibodies. Antibodies against ALK were detected in sera of one of 50 analysed ALK-expressing neuroblastoma patients, 13 of 21 ALK positive non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients, 13 of 22 ALK translocation-positive, but NPM-ALK-negative lymphoma patients and one of one ALK-positive rhabdomyosarcoma patient, but not in 20 healthy adults. These data suggest that boosting a pre-existent anti-ALK immune response may be more feasible for patients with ALK-positive NSCLC, lymphomas and rhabdomyosarcomas than for tumours expressing wild-type ALK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Damm-Welk
- 1. NHL-BFM Study Centre and Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Faraz Siddiqi
- 2. Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - Matthias Fischer
- 3. Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology University of Cologne, Germany; 4. Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany; 5. Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Hero
- 3. Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology University of Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael Harris
- 2. Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - Amos Burke
- 7. Department of Paediatric Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Lehrnbecher
- 8. Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Karen Pulford
- 9. Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ilske Oschlies
- 10. Department of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- 11. Institute of Human Genetics, Christian-Albrechts-University and University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel Germany
| | - Suzanne Turner
- 2. Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- 1. NHL-BFM Study Centre and Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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22
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Crizotinib Associated with Ground-Glass Opacity Predominant Pattern Interstitial Lung Disease: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study with a Systematic Literature Review. J Thorac Oncol 2016. [PMID: 26200268 DOI: 10.1097/jto.0000000000000577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crizotinib, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets anaplastic lymphoma kinase, has proven to offer sustained progression-free survival in anaplastic lymphoma kinase-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancers. Occurrence of severe interstitial lung disease (ILD) was one of the crucial adverse events reported in randomized clinical trials and case reports. METHODS In September 2011, we observed a crizotinib-associated ILD case. Following this index case, we reviewed the clinical and computed tomographic scan features of all patients treated with crizotinib in our department, between October 2010 and July 2013, comparing patients with and without ILD. A systematic literature review was performed. RESULTS During this period, 29 patients were treated with crizotinib, five of whom developed ILD, in addition to the index case. Two types of adverse lung reactions may be observed in patients undergoing crizotinib therapy. The first is a severe, usually fatal, ILD that occurs during the first month of treatment (n = 1). The second is a less severe ILD, occurring later in time (n = 5). It occurs gradually with only few clinical symptoms, but predominant ground-glass opacities on computed tomography, along with an intensive lymphocytic alveolitis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These cases had a longer response with a median progression-free survival duration at 19.9 months (17.9-23.5) compared with 6.2 months (1.2-13.6) for controls (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION Forty-nine cases of crizotinib-associated ILD have been identified by the systematic review of the literature, including our six cases. Two types of adverse lung reactions may be observed with different presentation, prognosis, and treatment. Their potential mechanisms should be clarified. Nine patients with the less severe form of ILD were safely retreated.
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23
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Shiramizu B, Mussolin L, Woessmann W, Klapper W. Paediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma - perspectives in translational biology. Br J Haematol 2016; 173:617-24. [PMID: 27009921 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Exciting advances have been achieved for infants, children and adolescents diagnosed with, and treated for, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In spite of these successes, new frontiers are being paved to improve the prognosis for those who relapse or have resistant disease. This review summarizes some of the novel approaches and ideas in NHL monitoring, diagnosis and treatment as discussed at the 5th International Symposium on Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma on October 22nd-24th 2015 in Varese, Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Shiramizu
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA
| | - Lara Mussolin
- Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,IRP-Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica-Cittàdella Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.,Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma-Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Study Centre, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Department of Pathology, Haematopathology Section, University-Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Koh J, Jang JY, Keam B, Kim S, Kim MY, Go H, Kim TM, Kim DW, Kim CW, Jeon YK, Chung DH. EML4-ALK enhances programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression in pulmonary adenocarcinoma via hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and STAT3. Oncoimmunology 2015; 5:e1108514. [PMID: 27141364 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1108514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PD)-1/PD-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1)-targeted therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for lung cancer. However, whether EML4-ALK regulates PD-L1 expression in lung cancer remains unknown. A total of 532 pulmonary adenocarcinomas (pADCs), including 58 ALK-translocated tumors, were immunohistochemically evaluated for PD-L1 and PD-1. H23 (EGFRWild-typeEML4-ALK-PD-L1Low) and H2228 (EGFRWild-typeEML4-ALK+PD-L1High) cells were transfected with EML4-ALK or ALK short interfering RNAs and used to investigate the alterations in PD-L1 expression. PD-L1 expression was detected in 81% of ALK-translocated pADCs; this value was significantly higher than those of pADCs with EGFR mutation, KRAS mutation or lacking ALK, EGFR or KRAS mutation (p <0.005 for all). Moreover, ALK-translocated pADC with PD-L1 expression showed significantly higher numbers of tumor-infiltrating PD-1+ cells. ALK knockdown or inhibition (crizotinib treatment) in H2228 cells downregulated PD-L1 expression. Transfection of H23 cells with EML4-ALK enhanced PD-L1 expression, which was compromised by crizotinib treatment. This ALK-dependent upregulation of PD-L1 expression was mediated by STAT3 and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α under normoxia and hypoxia. Furthermore, EML4-ALK enhanced HIF-1α expression through increasing transcription and decreasing ubiquitination of HIF-1α. In ALK-translocated pADC tissues, significant positive correlations between PD-L1 and nuclear HIF-1α (p < 0.05) or pSTAT3 expression levels (p<0.005) were observed. Among patients with ALK-translocated pADC, strong PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with shorter progression-free (p = 0.001) and overall survival (p = 0.002) after crizotinib treatment. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that ALK-derived pADCs increase PD-L1 expression via HIF-1α and/or STAT3, thus providing a rationale for PD-1/PD-L1 pathway-targeted therapy in ALK-translocated lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemoon Koh
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Jang
- Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Cancer Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bhumsuk Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehui Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Young Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heounjeong Go
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Woo Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Cancer Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Cancer Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Hyun Chung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ischemic/Hypoxia Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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25
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Voena C, Menotti M, Mastini C, Di Giacomo F, Longo DL, Castella B, Merlo MEB, Ambrogio C, Wang Q, Minero VG, Poggio T, Martinengo C, D'Amico L, Panizza E, Mologni L, Cavallo F, Altruda F, Butaney M, Capelletti M, Inghirami G, Jänne PA, Chiarle R. Efficacy of a Cancer Vaccine against ALK-Rearranged Lung Tumors. Cancer Immunol Res 2015; 3:1333-1343. [PMID: 26419961 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-15-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring chromosomal rearrangements of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene is treated with ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), but the treatment is successful for only a limited amount of time; most patients experience a relapse due to the development of drug resistance. Here, we show that a vaccine against ALK induced a strong and specific immune response that both prophylactically and therapeutically impaired the growth of ALK-positive lung tumors in mouse models. The ALK vaccine was efficacious also in combination with ALK TKI treatment and significantly delayed tumor relapses after TKI suspension. We found that lung tumors containing ALK rearrangements induced an immunosuppressive microenvironment, regulating the expression of PD-L1 on the surface of lung tumor cells. High PD-L1 expression reduced ALK vaccine efficacy, which could be restored by administration of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Thus, combinations of ALK vaccine with TKIs and immune checkpoint blockade therapies might represent a powerful strategy for the treatment of ALK-driven NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Voena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Menotti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Mastini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Filomena Di Giacomo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Castella
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Boggio Merlo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Ambrogio
- Molecular Oncology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Valerio Giacomo Minero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Teresa Poggio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Cinzia Martinengo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Lucia D'Amico
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Panizza
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Mologni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Fiorella Altruda
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mohit Butaney
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marzia Capelletti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy.,Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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26
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Minard-Colin V, Brugières L, Reiter A, Cairo MS, Gross TG, Woessmann W, Burkhardt B, Sandlund JT, Williams D, Pillon M, Horibe K, Auperin A, Le Deley MC, Zimmerman M, Perkins SL, Raphael M, Lamant L, Klapper W, Mussolin L, Poirel HA, Macintyre E, Damm-Welk C, Rosolen A, Patte C. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Children and Adolescents: Progress Through Effective Collaboration, Current Knowledge, and Challenges Ahead. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33:2963-74. [PMID: 26304908 PMCID: PMC4979194 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.59.5827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the fourth most common malignancy in children, has an even higher incidence in adolescents, and is primarily represented by only a few histologic subtypes. Dramatic progress has been achieved, with survival rates exceeding 80%, in large part because of a better understanding of the biology of the different subtypes and national and international collaborations. Most patients with Burkitt lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma are cured with short intensive pulse chemotherapy containing cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, and high-dose methotrexate. The benefit of the addition of rituximab has not been established except in the case of primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma. Lymphoblastic lymphoma is treated with intensive, semi-continuous, longer leukemia-derived protocols. Relapses in B-cell and lymphoblastic lymphomas are rare and infrequently curable, even with intensive approaches. Event-free survival rates of approximately 75% have been achieved in anaplastic large-cell lymphomas with various regimens that generally include a short intensive B-like regimen. Immunity seems to play an important role in prognosis and needs further exploration to determine its therapeutic application. ALK inhibitor therapeutic approaches are currently under investigation. For all pediatric lymphomas, the intensity of induction/consolidation therapy correlates with acute toxicities, but because of low cumulative doses of anthracyclines and alkylating agents, minimal or no long-term toxicity is expected. Challenges that remain include defining the value of prognostic factors, such as early response on positron emission tomography/computed tomography and minimal disseminated and residual disease, using new biologic technologies to improve risk stratification, and developing innovative therapies, both in the first-line setting and for relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Minard-Colin
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Laurence Brugières
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Alfred Reiter
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Mitchell S Cairo
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Thomas G Gross
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Birgit Burkhardt
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - John T Sandlund
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Denise Williams
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Marta Pillon
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Keizo Horibe
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Anne Auperin
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Marie-Cécile Le Deley
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Martin Zimmerman
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Sherrie L Perkins
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Martine Raphael
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Laurence Lamant
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Lara Mussolin
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Hélène A Poirel
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Elizabeth Macintyre
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Christine Damm-Welk
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Angelo Rosolen
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels
| | - Catherine Patte
- Véronique Minard-Colin, Laurence Brugières, Anne Auperin, Marie-Cécile Le Deley, and Catherine Patte, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Martine Raphael, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8126, Université Paris Sud; Elizabeth Macintyre, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Institut National de Recherche Médicale U1151, and Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris; Laurence Lamant, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole and Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Alfred Reiter, Wilhelm Woessmann, and Christine Damm-Welk, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen; Birgit Burkhardt, Children University Hospital, Münster; Martin Zimmerman, Medizinische Hochschule, Hannover; Wolfram Klapper, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Mitchell S. Cairo, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY; Thomas G. Gross, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; John T. Sandlund, St Jude Children's Research Hospital and University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN; Sherrie L. Perkins, University of Utah Health Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT; Denise Williams, Cambridge University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Marta Pillon and Angelo Rosolen, University of Padova, Padova; Lara Mussolin, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrico-Fondazione Cittàdella Speranza and University of Padua, Padua, Italy; Keizo Horibe, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan; and Hélène A. Poirel, Center for Human Genetics, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc-Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, Brussels.
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Strullu M, Thomas C, Le Deley MC, Chevance A, Kanold J, Bertrand Y, Jubert C, Dalle JH, Paillard C, Baruchel A, Lamant L, Michel G, Brugières L. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in relapsed ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma in children and adolescents: a study on behalf of the SFCE and SFGM-TC. Bone Marrow Transplant 2015; 50:795-801. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2015.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Comber JD, Philip R. MHC class I antigen presentation and implications for developing a new generation of therapeutic vaccines. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN VACCINES 2014; 2:77-89. [PMID: 24790732 DOI: 10.1177/2051013614525375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) presented peptide epitopes provide a 'window' into the changes occurring in a cell. Conventionally, these peptides are generated by proteolysis of endogenously synthesized proteins in the cytosol, loaded onto MHC-I molecules, and presented on the cell surface for surveillance by CD8(+) T cells. MHC-I restricted processing and presentation alerts the immune system to any infectious or tumorigenic processes unfolding intracellularly and provides potential targets for a cytotoxic T cell response. Therefore, therapeutic vaccines based on MHC-I presented peptide epitopes could, theoretically, induce CD8(+) T cell responses that have tangible clinical impacts on tumor eradication and patient survival. Three major methods have been used to identify MHC-I restricted epitopes for inclusion in peptide-based vaccines for cancer: genetic, motif prediction and, more recently, immunoproteomic analysis. Although the first two methods are capable of identifying T cell stimulatory epitopes, these have significant disadvantages and may not accurately represent epitopes presented by a tumor cell. In contrast, immunoproteomic methods can overcome these disadvantages and identify naturally processed and presented tumor associated epitopes that induce more clinically relevant tumor specific cytotoxic T cell responses. In this review, we discuss the importance of using the naturally presented MHC-I peptide repertoire in formulating peptide vaccines, the recent application of peptide-based vaccines in a variety of cancers, and highlight the pros and cons of the current state of peptide vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramila Philip
- Immunotope, Inc., Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, 3805 Old Easton Road, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA
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Eyre TA, Khan D, Hall GW, Collins GP. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma: current and future perspectives in adult and paediatric disease. Eur J Haematol 2014; 93:455-68. [PMID: 24766435 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare T-cell lymphoma seen in both adults and children. ALCL is associated with a characteristic chromosomal translocation, t(2;5)(p23;35) which fuses the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene on chromosome 2 with the nucleophosmin (NPM) gene on chromosome 5, resulting in a NPM-ALK fusion protein, ALK over-expression and constitutive tyrosine kinase activity. This aggressive lymphoma is more prevalent in males and can present with extranodal involvement (lung, skin and marrow infiltration) and haemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis. The long-term overall survival is approximately 70-90% in children and over 70% in adults. Staging systems and prognostic risk factors are different in both childhood and adult ALCL. Treatment in adults is typically anthracycline-based, with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) salvaging patients in relapsed disease. There is evidence for ALL-like therapy or intensive, pulsed anthracycline-based induction in children. ASCT, allogeneic SCT and vinblastine maintenance are all considered reasonable options in relapsed childhood disease. The anti-CD30 immunoconjugate Brentuximab Vedotin and the specific ALK inhibitor Crizotinib are changing the treatment paradigm in ALCL (ALK-positive or negative) and ALK-positive ALCL respectively. Both agents have shown encouraging responses in relapsed ALCL. It remains to be seen how these novel agents are used, but it is very possible that they may improve overall responses and survival in both children and adults. This review highlights the presentation, histopathological features, prognostic factors, and evidence-based treatment approaches in the first line and relapsed setting in ALK-positive ALCL. The review concludes by discussing the novel approaches using Brentuximab and Crizotinib which are being tested in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby A Eyre
- Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Ladoire S, Hannani D, Vetizou M, Locher C, Aymeric L, Apetoh L, Kepp O, Kroemer G, Ghiringhelli F, Zitvogel L. Cell-death-associated molecular patterns as determinants of cancer immunogenicity. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:1098-116. [PMID: 23394620 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Accumulating evidence indicates that the success of some anticancer treatments (select chemotherapies or radiotherapy or trastuzumab) could be related to the stimulation of an anticancer immune response through the induction of an immunogenic tumor cell death (ICD). RECENT ADVANCES Preclinical data revealed that dying tumor cells can emit a series of danger signals (so-called "cell-death-associated molecular patterns" (CDAMP)) that will dictate the recruitment and activation of specific inflammatory phagocytes. Hence, tumor cells succumbing to ICD are characterized by specific metabolic and molecular changes that will trigger a hierarchy of polarizing cytokine-producing cells, culminating in the recruitment and reactivation of antitumor interferon-γ-producing effector T cells which contribute to the success of cytotoxic treatments. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we summarize the molecular and cellular bases of this ICD, underscoring the crucial role of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and adenosine tri-phosphate, both of which are released from dying tumor cells during ICD and are implicated in the chemotherapy-elicited anticancer immune response. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We discuss here how such CDAMP could serve as predictive biomarkers that could discriminate immunogenic from nonimmunogenic anti-cancer compounds, and, in case of deficiency, could be compensated by surrogate products to ameliorate the success rate of conventional anticancer treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Ladoire
- 1 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale , Villejuif, France
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ALK: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase. Mol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1017/cbo9781139046947.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Williams D, Mori T, Reiter A, Woessman W, Rosolen A, Wrobel G, Zsiros J, Uyttebroeck A, Marky I, Le Deley MC, Brugières L. Central nervous system involvement in anaplastic large cell lymphoma in childhood: results from a multicentre European and Japanese study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013; 60:E118-21. [PMID: 23720354 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In an international study of systemic childhood ALCL, 12/463 patients had CNS involvement, three of which had isolated CNS disease. Comparative analysis of CNS positive and negative patients showed no difference in ALK positivity, immunophenotype, presence of B symptoms or other sites of disease. The lymphohistiocytic variant was over represented in the CNS positive group (36% vs. 5%). With multi-agent chemotherapy, including high dose methotrexate, Ara-C and intrathecal treatment, the event free and overall survival of the CNS positive group at 5 years were 50% (95%CI, 25-75%) and 74% (45-91%), respectively with a median follow up of 4.1 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Williams
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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RNASET2--an autoantigen in anaplastic large cell lymphoma identified by protein array analysis. J Proteomics 2012; 75:5279-92. [PMID: 22732457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Characterising tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) not only represents an important approach to the identification of new diagnostic/prognostic markers, but can also provide information on disease processes and additional potential therapeutic targets. Preliminary screening of a protein macroarray, containing more than 12,000 different proteins, with sera from anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-negative and ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) patients identified ribonuclease and tumour suppressor protein Ribonuclease T2 (RNASET2), phosphatase lipid phosphate phosphatase-related protein type 3 (LPPR3) and apoptotic adaptor molecule Fas-associating protein (FADD) as ALK-negative ALCL-associated TAAs. Further validation of these observations was confirmed using the ALCL sera in reverse ELISAs. The circulating anti-RNASET2 autoantibodies present in ALCL patients' sera also recognised eukaryotically expressed RNASET2 protein. RNASET2 expression was then investigated in normal tissues and in lymphomas to explore its clinical potential. RNASET2 protein and mRNA levels showed highest expression in the spleen, leucocytes and pancreas. RNASET2 protein expression was not restricted to ALK-negative ALCL (81%), being expressed in ALK-positive ALCL (65%) as well as in a number of other lymphomas. The immunological recognition of RNASET2, its expression in ALCL and other lymphomas together with its known tumourigenic properties suggest that further studies on this autoantigen are warranted.
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Tabbó F, Barreca A, Piva R, Inghirami G. ALK Signaling and Target Therapy in Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma. Front Oncol 2012; 2:41. [PMID: 22649787 PMCID: PMC3355932 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2012.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery by Morris et al. (1994) of the genes contributing to the t(2;5)(p23;q35) translocation has laid the foundation for a molecular based recognition of anaplastic large cell lymphoma and highlighted the need for a further stratification of T-cell neoplasia. Likewise the detection of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) genetic lesions among many human cancers has defined unique subsets of cancer patients, providing new opportunities for innovative therapeutic interventions. The objective of this review is to appraise the molecular mechanisms driving ALK-mediated transformation, and to maintain the neoplastic phenotype. The understanding of these events will allow the design and implementation of novel tailored strategies for a well-defined subset of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Tabbó
- Department of Pathology, Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University of Torino Torino, Italy
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Abstract
The concept of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) has changed over the years because of a stream of new information and novel understanding regarding the cell of origin, biology, genetics, and clinical features of these neoplasms. This new information has led to the current classification proposed by the expert reviewers of the World Health Organization. The objective of this review is to present the most updated information on the cytologic and histologic features of these entities, with a special reference to diagnostic algorithms. A detailed description of the genetic aberrations and the pathogenetic mechanisms leading to transformation is presented. The clinical features of ALCL and novel tailored strategies are briefly illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Inghirami
- Department of Pathology and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
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Identification and characterization of peripheral T-cell lymphoma-associated SEREX antigens. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23916. [PMID: 21887344 PMCID: PMC3161784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are generally less common and pursue a more aggressive clinical course than B-cell lymphomas, with the T-cell phenotype itself being a poor prognostic factor in adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). With notable exceptions such as ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL, ALK+), the molecular abnormalities in PTCL remain poorly characterised. We had previously identified circulating antibodies to ALK in patients with ALCL, ALK+. Thus, as a strategy to identify potential antigens associated with the pathogenesis of PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL, NOS), we screened a testis cDNA library with sera from four PTCL, NOS patients using the SEREX (serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries) technique. We identified nine PTCL, NOS-associated antigens whose immunological reactivity was further investigated using sera from 52 B- and T-cell lymphoma patients and 17 normal controls. The centrosomal protein CEP250 was specifically recognised by patients sera and showed increased protein expression in cell lines derived from T-cell versus B-cell malignancies. TCEB3, BECN1, and two previously uncharacterised proteins, c14orf93 and ZBTB44, were preferentially recognised by patients' sera. Transcripts for all nine genes were identified in 39 cancer cell lines and the five genes encoding preferentially lymphoma-recognised antigens were widely expressed in normal tissues and mononuclear cell subsets. In summary, this study identifies novel molecules that are immunologically recognised in vivo by patients with PTCL, NOS. Future studies are needed to determine whether these tumor antigens play a role in the pathogenesis of PTCL.
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Dearden CE, Johnson R, Pettengell R, Devereux S, Cwynarski K, Whittaker S, McMillan A. Guidelines for the management of mature T-cell and NK-cell neoplasms (excluding cutaneous T-cell lymphoma). Br J Haematol 2011; 153:451-85. [PMID: 21480860 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08651.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The peripheral T-cell neoplasms are a biologically and clinically heterogeneous group of rare disorders that result from clonal proliferation of mature post-thymic lymphocytes. Natural killer (NK) cell neoplasms are included in this group. The World Health Organization classification of haemopoietic malignancies has divided this group of disorders into those with predominantly leukaemic (disseminated), nodal, extra-nodal or cutaneous presentation. They usually affect adults and are more commonly reported in males than in females. The median age at diagnosis is 61 years with a range of 17-90 years. Although some subtypes may follow a relatively benign protracted course most have an aggressive clinical behaviour and poor prognosis. Excluding anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), which has a good outcome, 5-year survival for other nodal and extranodal T-cell lymphomas is about 30%. Most patients present with unfavourable international prognostic index scores (>3) and poor performance status. The rarity of these diseases and the lack of randomized trials mean that there is no consensus about optimal therapy for T- and NK-cell neoplasms and recommendations in this guideline are therefore based on small case series, phase II trials and expert opinion.
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38
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Brugières L, Le Deley MC, Williams D, Rosolen A, Woessmann W. Reply to N. André et al. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.32.6892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Denise Williams
- Cambridge University Hospital National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Le Deley MC, Rosolen A, Williams DM, Horibe K, Wrobel G, Attarbaschi A, Zsiros J, Uyttebroeck A, Marky IM, Lamant L, Woessmann W, Pillon M, Hobson R, Mauguen A, Reiter A, Brugières L. Vinblastine in children and adolescents with high-risk anaplastic large-cell lymphoma: results of the randomized ALCL99-vinblastine trial. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28:3987-93. [PMID: 20679620 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.5999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of adding vinblastine to a 4-month chemotherapy regimen, based on the Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster 90 protocol, in childhood high-risk anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) was assessed. PATIENTS AND METHODS Children and adolescents with high-risk ALCL, defined by mediastinal, lung, liver, spleen, or skin involvement, were eligible for the trial. After a prephase and one chemotherapy course, patients were randomly assigned to receive either five further chemotherapy courses without vinblastine or the same regimen with one vinblastine injection (6 mg/m(2)) during each course followed by weekly vinblastine to complete a total of 1 year of treatment. The primary end point was event-free survival (EFS), analyzed on the intent-to-treat population. RESULTS Between November 1999 and June 2006, 110 patients were randomly assigned to receive vinblastine, and 107 were randomly assigned not to receive vinblastine. Median follow-up was 4.8 years. Patients in the vinblastine arm had a significantly reduced risk of events during the first year (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.67; P = .002) followed by an increased risk thereafter (HR = 4.98; 95% CI, 1.65 to 15.0; P = .003). Consequently, EFS at 1 year differed significantly (91% in the vinblastine group v 74% in the no-vinblastine group), with no difference at 2 years (73% and 70%, respectively). Overall EFS curves did not differ significantly (HR = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.55 to 1.5; P = .71). Thirty-one percent of weekly doses of vinblastine were reduced as a result of hematologic toxicity, although vinblastine was discontinued for toxicity in only three patients. CONCLUSION Adding vinblastine during induction and as maintenance for a total treatment duration of 1 year significantly delayed the occurrence of relapses but did not reduce the risk of failure.
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40
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Ohta H, Kusuki S, Yoshida H, Sato E, Hashii Y, Ozono K. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced intensity conditioning for a child with recurrent anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Int J Hematol 2010; 92:190-3. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-010-0620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Correlation of the autoantibody response to the ALK oncoantigen in pediatric anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma with tumor dissemination and relapse risk. Blood 2010; 115:3314-9. [PMID: 20185586 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2009-11-251892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) constitutes an ideal model disease to study tumor-specific immune responses. All the tumor cells express oncogenic ALK resulting from a chromosomal translocation involved in lymphomagenesis. Although antibodies and T-cell responses to ALK have previously been detected in ALK-positive ALCL patients, their prognostic significance is unknown. We investigated a large cohort of uniformly treated ALK-positive pediatric ALCL patients to ascertain whether the titers of preexisting ALK autoantibodies correlated with clinical and histologic characteristics, tumor dissemination, and patient outcome. ALK autoantibodies were analyzed in pretherapeutic serum samples from 95 patients enrolled into 2 therapy studies between 1996 and 2007. ALK autoantibodies were detected in 87/95 patients. The titers inversely correlated with stage and amount of circulating tumor cells. High antibody titers correlated with significantly lower cumulative incidence of relapses (CI-R): titers > or = 1/60 750, n = 29, CI-R 11% +/- 6%; titers 1/2025-< 1/60 750, n = 39, CI-R 31% +/- 8%; and titers 0-< or = 1/750, n = 27, CI-R of 63% +/- 10% (P < .001). Our results provide the first clinical evidence that a robust preexisting immune response to an oncoantigen resulting from an oncogenic chromosomal translocation inhibits lymphoma dissemination and decreases the risk of relapse.
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Ait-Tahar K, Liggins AP, Collins GP, Campbell A, Barnardo M, Lawrie C, Moir D, Hatton C, Banham AH, Pulford K. Cytolytic T-cell response to the PASD1 cancer testis antigen in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2009; 146:396-407. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2009.07761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Mastini C, Martinengo C, Inghirami G, Chiarle R. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase: an oncogene for tumor vaccination. J Mol Med (Berl) 2009; 87:669-77. [PMID: 19330473 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-009-0460-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2009] [Revised: 02/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/04/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The immune system contributes both to the maintenance of cancer in an equilibrium state and to the elimination of tumor cells. Specific antitumor vaccination could increase the intensity or modulate the quality of this immune response against transformed cells. Antitumor vaccination strategies rely upon the identification of one or multiple antigens that can serve to stimulate the immune system. This review will focus particularly on cancer vaccination strategies based on the use of DNA molecules and on the search for antigens that are required for the growth of tumor cells and that cannot be easily down-regulated by the cancer cells (oncoantigens). In addition, we will summarize some results on clinical trials that are currently exploiting selected antigens against tumors and on the recently identified anaplastic lymphoma kinase as a potential oncoantigen for selected types of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mastini
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), University of Turin, Via Santena 7, 10126, Turin, Italy
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Gene deregulation and spatial genome reorganization near breakpoints prior to formation of translocations in anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:5831-6. [PMID: 19321746 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0900912106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the identification and characterization of translocations have rapidly increased, little is known about the mechanisms of how translocations occur in vivo. We used anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) with and without the characteristic t(2;5)(p23;q35) translocation to study the mechanisms of formation of translocations and of ALCL transformation. We report deregulation of several genes located near the ALCL translocation breakpoint, regardless of whether the tumor contains the t(2;5). The affected genes include the oncogenic transcription factor Fra2 (located on 2p23), the HLH protein Id2 (2p25), and the oncogenic tyrosine kinase CSF1-receptor (5q33.1). Their up-regulation promotes cell survival and repression of T cell-specific gene expression programs that are characteristic for ALCL. The deregulated genes are in spatial proximity within the nuclear space of t(2;5)-negative ALCL cells, facilitating their translocation on induction of double-strand breaks. These data suggest that deregulation of breakpoint-proximal genes occurs before the formation of translocations, and that aberrant transcriptional activity of genomic regions is linked to their propensity to undergo chromosomal translocations. Also, our data demonstrate that deregulation of breakpoint-proximal genes has a key role in ALCL.
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46
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Li R, Morris SW. Development of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) small-molecule inhibitors for cancer therapy. Med Res Rev 2008; 28:372-412. [PMID: 17694547 DOI: 10.1002/med.20109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) involved in the genesis of several human cancers; indeed, ALK was initially identified in constitutively activated and oncogenic fusion forms--the most common being nucleophosmin (NPM)-ALK--in a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) known as anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) and subsequent studies identified ALK fusions in the human sarcomas called inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs). In addition, two recent reports have suggested that the ALK fusion, TPM4-ALK, may be involved in the genesis of a subset of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. While the cause-effect relationship between ALK fusions and malignancies such as ALCL and IMT is very well established, more circumstantial links implicate the involvement of the full-length, normal ALK receptor in the genesis of additional malignancies including glioblastoma, neuroblastoma, breast cancer, and others; in these instances, ALK is believed to foster tumorigenesis following activation by autocrine and/or paracrine growth loops involving the reported ALK ligands, pleiotrophin (PTN) and midkine (MK). There are no currently available ALK small-molecule inhibitors approved for clinical cancer therapy; however, recognition of the variety of malignancies in which ALK may play a causative role has recently begun to prompt developmental efforts in this area. This review provides a succinct summary of normal ALK biology, the confirmed and putative roles of ALK fusions and the full-length ALK receptor in the development of human cancers, and efforts to target ALK using small-molecule kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongshi Li
- High-Throughput Medicinal Chemistry, ChemBridge Research Laboratories, 16981 Via Tazon, Suites K, San Diego, California 92127, USA.
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47
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The anaplastic lymphoma kinase is an effective oncoantigen for lymphoma vaccination. Nat Med 2008; 14:676-80. [PMID: 18469826 DOI: 10.1038/nm1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Accepted: 04/08/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An ideal vaccination strategy against tumors relies on specific antigens that are required for tumor maintenance. For lymphoma, vaccination with subject-specific immunoglobulin idiotypes has had the most promising results. Here we show that DNA vaccination with plasmids encoding portions of the cytoplasmic domain of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which has been translocated in different fusion proteins necessary for the growth of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), protects mice from local and systemic lymphoma growth. The protection is potent and long lasting and elicits ALK-specific interferon-gamma responses and CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. A combination of chemotherapy and vaccination significantly enhanced the survival of mice challenged with ALK+ lymphomas. These findings indicate that ALK represents an ideal tumor antigen for vaccination-based therapies of ALCL and possibly other ALK+ human tumors.
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Rannan-Eliya YF, Pulford K, Johnson R, Peart I, Kokai G, Baillie C, Ait-Tahar K, Pizer B. Isolated cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma progressing to severe systemic disease with myocardial involvement and central nervous system infiltration. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008; 50:879-81. [PMID: 17914741 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.21357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare tumor comprising around 10-15% of childhood lymphomas. We describe the case of a female who initially presented with localized skin disease associated with an insect bite. However, she subsequently relapsed with widespread systemic ALK-positive ALCL that included lymphoma deposits in the myocardium, a very rare manifestation. Her disease responded well to chemotherapy but she later developed a fatal relapse in the CNS. We also present data on an immune response to ALK, demonstrating a fluctuation in the levels of circulating antibodies to ALK corresponding to the different phases of her illness.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Central Nervous System Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Central Nervous System Neoplasms/genetics
- Central Nervous System Neoplasms/pathology
- Disease Progression
- Echocardiography, Transesophageal
- Fatal Outcome
- Female
- Heart Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Heart Neoplasms/genetics
- Heart Neoplasms/pathology
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/therapy
- Myocardium
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/biosynthesis
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/immunology
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/biosynthesis
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/immunology
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
- Skin Neoplasms/genetics
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Skin Neoplasms/surgery
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fan Rannan-Eliya
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Royal Liverpool Children's NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
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49
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Chiarle R, Voena C, Ambrogio C, Piva R, Inghirami G. The anaplastic lymphoma kinase in the pathogenesis of cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2008; 8:11-23. [PMID: 18097461 DOI: 10.1038/nrc2291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 631] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinases are involved in the pathogenesis of most cancers. However, few tyrosine kinases have been shown to have a well-defined pathogenetic role in lymphomas. The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is the oncogene of most anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL), driving transformation through many molecular mechanisms. In this Review, we will analyse how translocations or deregulated expression of ALK contribute to oncogenesis and how recent genetic or pharmacological tools, aimed at neutralizing its activity, can represent the basis for the design of powerful combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Chiarle
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), University of Torino, Via Santena 7, 10126, Italy.
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50
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Grewal JS, Smith LB, Winegarden JD, Krauss JC, Tworek JA, Schnitzer B. Highly aggressive ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma with a leukemic phase and multi-organ involvement: a report of three cases and a review of the literature. Ann Hematol 2007; 86:499-508. [PMID: 17396261 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-007-0289-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive neoplasm of T- or null cell phenotype and is recognized as a distinct clinicopathologic subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in the revised World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematopoietic neoplasms. It is rarely associated with leukemic phase. Most cases with leukemic involvement are the small cell variant of ALCL. These cases often lack the pleomorphism seen in the common variant of ALCL and may be misdiagnosed. We report a series of three patients who presented with leukemic phase ALCL. The patients included an 11-year-old boy, a 29-year-old man, and a 59-year-old woman. The clinical and pathologic features of these cases are reviewed. The patients in our case series with leukemic phase ALCL exhibited rare clinical features. The patients presented with massive extranodal disease involving cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), liver, spleen, lungs, and bone marrow. CSF involvement was documented morphologically as well as by flow cytometry in two patients. Two of the patients had small cell variant and the third patient had common type ALCL. The neoplastic cells in all three patients were ALK positive; however these patients died within months of diagnosis. Leukemic phase ALCL is rare, and behaves in an aggressive manner. Some, but not all, cases in the literature presenting with peripheral blood involvement had small cell variant ALCL, as seen in two of our cases. The leukemic phase of ALCL should be considered when a T-cell leukemia with unusual morphologic features is encountered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet S Grewal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reichert Health Center, St. Joseph Mercy Hospital, 5333 McAuley Drive Suite 3009, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-0995, USA.
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