1
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Paucar M, Nilsson D, Engvall M, Laffita-Mesa J, Söderhäll C, Skorpil M, Halldin C, Fazio P, Lagerstedt-Robinson K, Solders G, Angeria M, Varrone A, Risling M, Jiao H, Nennesmo I, Wedell A, Svenningsson P. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 4 is caused by a GGC expansion in the ZFHX3 gene and is associated with prominent dysautonomia and motor neuron signs. J Intern Med 2024. [PMID: 38973251 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinocerebellar ataxia 4 (SCA4), characterized in 1996, features adult-onset ataxia, polyneuropathy, and linkage to chromosome 16q22.1; its underlying mutation has remained elusive. OBJECTIVE To explore the radiological and neuropathological abnormalities in the entire neuroaxis in SCA4 and search for its mutation. METHODS Three Swedish families with undiagnosed ataxia went through clinical, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging tests, including PET studies and genetic investigations. In four cases, neuropathological assessments of the neuroaxis were performed. Genetic testing included short read whole genome sequencing, short tandem repeat analysis with ExpansionHunter de novo, and long read sequencing. RESULTS Novel features for SCA4 include dysautonomia, motor neuron affection, and abnormal eye movements. We found evidence of anticipation; neuroimaging demonstrated atrophy in the cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord. [18F]FDG-PET demonstrated brain hypometabolism and [11C]Flumazenil-PET reduced binding in several brain lobes, insula, thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. Moderate to severe loss of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum and of motor neurons in the anterior horns of the spinal cord along with pronounced degeneration of posterior tracts was also found. Intranuclear, mainly neuronal, inclusions positive for p62 and ubiquitin were sparse but widespread in the CNS. This finding prompted assessment for nucleotide expansions. A polyglycine stretch encoding GGC expansions in the last exon of the zink finger homeobox 3 gene was identified segregating with disease and not found in 1000 controls. CONCLUSIONS SCA4 is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a novel GGC expansion in the coding region of ZFHX3, and its spectrum is expanded to include dysautonomia and neuromuscular manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Paucar
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Engvall
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - José Laffita-Mesa
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cilla Söderhäll
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Skorpil
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christer Halldin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik Fazio
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristina Lagerstedt-Robinson
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Solders
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurophysiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Angeria
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Varrone
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mårten Risling
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hong Jiao
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Inger Nennesmo
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Wedell
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Pérez Baca MDR, Jacobs EZ, Vantomme L, Leblanc P, Bogaert E, Dheedene A, De Cock L, Haghshenas S, Foroutan A, Levy MA, Kerkhof J, McConkey H, Chen CA, Batzir NA, Wang X, Palomares M, Carels M, Dermaut B, Sadikovic B, Menten B, Yuan B, Vergult S, Callewaert B. Haploinsufficiency of ZFHX3, encoding a key player in neuronal development, causes syndromic intellectual disability. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:509-528. [PMID: 38412861 PMCID: PMC10940049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) result from impaired development and functioning of the brain. Here, we identify loss-of-function (LoF) variation in ZFHX3 as a cause for syndromic intellectual disability (ID). ZFHX3 is a zinc-finger homeodomain transcription factor involved in various biological processes, including cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. We describe 42 individuals with protein-truncating variants (PTVs) or (partial) deletions of ZFHX3, exhibiting variable intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder, recurrent facial features, relative short stature, brachydactyly, and, rarely, cleft palate. ZFHX3 LoF associates with a specific methylation profile in whole blood extracted DNA. Nuclear abundance of ZFHX3 increases during human brain development and neuronal differentiation. ZFHX3 was found to interact with the chromatin remodeling BRG1/Brm-associated factor complex and the cleavage and polyadenylation complex, suggesting a function in chromatin remodeling and mRNA processing. Furthermore, ChIP-seq for ZFHX3 revealed that it predominantly binds promoters of genes involved in nervous system development. We conclude that loss-of-function variants in ZFHX3 are a cause of syndromic ID associating with a specific DNA methylation profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Rocío Pérez Baca
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Z Jacobs
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lies Vantomme
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pontus Leblanc
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elke Bogaert
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annelies Dheedene
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurenz De Cock
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sadegheh Haghshenas
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Aidin Foroutan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Michael A Levy
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Jennifer Kerkhof
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Haley McConkey
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Chun-An Chen
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nurit Assia Batzir
- Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikvah 4920235, Israel
| | - Xia Wang
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - María Palomares
- INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marieke Carels
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; VIB UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Department for Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Dermaut
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bekim Sadikovic
- Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Björn Menten
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bo Yuan
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Sarah Vergult
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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3
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Del Rocío Pérez Baca M, Jacobs EZ, Vantomme L, Leblanc P, Bogaert E, Dheedene A, De Cock L, Haghshenas S, Foroutan A, Levy MA, Kerkhof J, McConkey H, Chen CA, Batzir NA, Wang X, Palomares M, Carels M, Demaut B, Sadikovic B, Menten B, Yuan B, Vergult S, Callewaert B. A novel neurodevelopmental syndrome caused by loss-of-function of the Zinc Finger Homeobox 3 (ZFHX3) gene. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.22.23289895. [PMID: 37292950 PMCID: PMC10246128 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.22.23289895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) result from impaired development and functioning of the brain. Here, we identify loss-of-function variation in ZFHX3 as a novel cause for syndromic intellectual disability (ID). ZFHX3, previously known as ATBF1, is a zinc-finger homeodomain transcription factor involved in multiple biological processes including cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. Through international collaboration, we collected clinical and morphometric data (Face2Gene) of 41 individuals with protein truncating variants (PTVs) or (partial) deletions of ZFHX3 . We used data mining, RNA and protein analysis to identify the subcellular localization and spatiotemporal expression of ZFHX3 in multiple in vitro models. We identified the DNA targets of ZFHX3 using ChIP seq. Immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry indicated potential binding partners of endogenous ZFHX3 in neural stem cells that were subsequently confirmed by reversed co-immunoprecipitation and western blot. We evaluated a DNA methylation profile associated with ZFHX3 haploinsufficiency using DNA methylation analysis on whole blood extracted DNA of six individuals with ZFHX3 PTVs and four with a (partial) deletion of ZFHX3 . A reversed genetic approach characterized the ZFHX3 orthologue in Drosophila melanogaster . Loss-of-function variation of ZFHX3 consistently associates with (mild) ID and/or behavioural problems, postnatal growth retardation, feeding difficulties, and recognizable facial characteristics, including the rare occurrence of cleft palate. Nuclear abundance of ZFHX3 increases during human brain development and neuronal differentiation in neural stem cells and SH-SY5Y cells, ZFHX3 interacts with the chromatin remodelling BRG1/Brm-associated factor complex and the cleavage and polyadenylation complex. In line with a role for chromatin remodelling, ZFHX3 haploinsufficiency associates with a specific DNA methylation profile in leukocyte-derived DNA. The target genes of ZFHX3 are implicated in neuron and axon development. In Drosophila melanogaster , z fh2, considered to be the ZFHX3 orthologue, is expressed in the third instar larval brain. Ubiquitous and neuron-specific knockdown of zfh2 results in adult lethality underscoring a key role for zfh2 in development and neurodevelopment. Interestingly, ectopic expression of zfh2 as well as ZFHX3 in the developing wing disc results in a thoracic cleft phenotype. Collectively, our data shows that loss-of-function variants in ZFHX3 are a cause of syndromic ID, that associates with a specific DNA methylation profile. Furthermore, we show that ZFHX3 participates in chromatin remodelling and mRNA processing.
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4
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Quilter CR, Harvey KM, Bauer J, Skinner BM, Gomez M, Shrivastava M, Doel AM, Drammeh S, Dunger DB, Moore SE, Ong KK, Prentice AM, Bernstein RM, Sargent CA, Affara NA. Identification of methylation changes associated with positive and negative growth deviance in Gambian infants using a targeted methyl sequencing approach of genomic DNA. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:205-230. [PMID: 33842847 PMCID: PMC8019263 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2020-00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Low birthweight and reduced height gain during infancy (stunting) may arise at least in part from adverse early life environments that trigger epigenetic reprogramming that may favor survival. We examined differential DNA methylation patterns using targeted methyl sequencing of regions regulating gene activity in groups of rural Gambian infants: (a) low and high birthweight (DNA from cord blood (n = 16 and n = 20, respectively), from placental trophoblast tissue (n = 21 and n = 20, respectively), and DNA from peripheral blood collected from infants at 12 months of age (n = 23 and n = 17, respectively)), and, (b) the top 10% showing rapid postnatal length gain (high, n = 20) and the bottom 10% showing slow postnatal length gain (low, n = 20) based on z score change between birth and 12 months of age (LAZ) (DNA from peripheral blood collected from infants at 12 months of age). Using BiSeq analysis to identify significant methylation marks, for birthweight, four differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified in trophoblast DNA, compared to 68 DMRs in cord blood DNA, and 54 DMRs in 12‐month peripheral blood DNA. Twenty‐five DMRs were observed to be associated with high and low length for age (LAZ) at 12 months. With the exception of five loci (associated with two different genes), there was no overlap between these groups of methylation marks. Of the 194 CpG methylation marks contained within DMRs, 106 were located to defined gene regulatory elements (promoters, CTCF‐binding sites, transcription factor‐binding sites, and enhancers), 58 to gene bodies (introns or exons), and 30 to intergenic DNA. Distinct methylation patterns associated with birthweight between comparison groups were observed in DNA collected at birth (at the end of intrauterine growth window) compared to those established by 12 months (near the infancy/childhood growth transition). The longitudinal differences in methylation patterns may arise from methylation adjustments, changes in cellular composition of blood or both that continue during the critical postnatal growth period, and in response to early nutritional and infectious environmental exposures with impacts on growth and longer‐term health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire R Quilter
- Department of Pathology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK.,Present address: East Midlands & East of England NHS Genomic Laboratory Hub, Genomics Laboratories Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge UK
| | - Kerry M Harvey
- Department of Pathology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Julien Bauer
- Department of Pathology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Benjamin M Skinner
- Department of Pathology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK.,School of Life Sciences University of Essex Colchester UK
| | - Maria Gomez
- Department of Pathology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK.,Present address: Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Manu Shrivastava
- Department of Pathology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK.,Present address: Oxford University Hospitals Oxford UK
| | - Andrew M Doel
- Department of Women and Children's Health King's College London London UK.,MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Banjul The Gambia
| | - Saikou Drammeh
- MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Banjul The Gambia
| | - David B Dunger
- MRC Epidemiology Unit University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine Cambridge UK
| | - Sophie E Moore
- Department of Women and Children's Health King's College London London UK.,MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Banjul The Gambia
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine Cambridge UK.,Department of Paediatrics University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine Cambridge UK.,Institute of Metabolic Science Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Banjul The Gambia
| | - Robin M Bernstein
- Growth and Development Lab Department of Anthropology University of Colorado Boulder CO USA.,Institute of Behavioural Science University of Colorado Boulder CO USA
| | | | - Nabeel A Affara
- Department of Pathology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
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5
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Yang J. Identification of novel biomarkers, MUC5AC, MUC1, KRT7, GAPDH, CD44 for gastric cancer. Med Oncol 2020; 37:34. [PMID: 32219571 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-020-01362-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, and it is also the third largest cause of cancer-related death in the world. As far as we know, no biomarker has been widely accepted for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of gastric cancer. The purpose of this study is to find potential biomarkers to predict the prognosis of GC. The gene expression profiles of GSE2685 were downloaded from GEO database. Morpheus was used to calculate the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between primary advanced gastric cancer tissues and noncancerous gastric tissues. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed. Kaplan-Meier Plotter was used to determine the overall survival (OS) outcomes of UC5AC, MUC1, KRT7, GAPDH, CD44, and GEPIA was used to determine the Pearson correlation analysis. In total, 710 DEGs were identified in GC, including 396 upregulated genes and 314 downregulated genes. GO enrichment revealed that they were mainly enriched in binding, catalytic activity, cellular process and cell. KEGG pathway revealed that they were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways, pathways in cancer and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. MUC5AC, MUC1, KRT7, GAPDH, CD44 were identified from the PPI network. MUC5AC, MUC1, KRT7, GAPDH, CD44 were demonstrated to have prognostic value for patients with GC. MUC5AC, MUC1 exhibited low expression levels in GC tissues, KRT7, GAPDH, CD44 presented high expression levels in GC tissues. In particular, KRT7 is hardly expressed in normal gastric tissues. MUC5AC and MUC1 were negatively correlated with GAPDH, CD44, respectively; and GAPDH was positively correlated with CD44 and KRT7, respectively. Moreover. MUC5AC, MUC1, KRT7, GAPDH, and CD44 are not only related to GC but also to apoptosis pathway. Results from the present study suggested that MUC5AC, MUC1, KRT7, GAPDH, CD44 may represent novel prognostic biomarkers for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Central Laboratory, Danyang People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Danyang, Jiangsu, China.
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6
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Zhao D, Han X, Huang L, Wang J, Zhang X, Jeon JH, Zhao Q, Dong JT. Transcription factor ZFHX3 regulates calcium influx in mammary epithelial cells in part via the TRPV6 calcium channel. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:366-371. [PMID: 31519324 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Zinc finger homeobox 3 (ZFHX3) is a transcription factor that regulates multiple cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation and neoplastic development. It is also involved in the function of steroid hormones estrogen and progesterone and the peptide hormone prolactin in mammary epithelial cells. In this study, we investigated whether and how ZFHX3 regulates intracellular calcium homeostasis in mammary epithelial cells. We found that ZFHX3 affected both store operated calcium entry and store independent calcium entry (SOCE and SICE). Simultaneously, the expression of the calcium channel TRPV6 was regulated by ZFHX3, as demonstrated by expression analysis and luciferase reporter assay. In cells with knockdown of ZFHX3, calcium entry was partially rescued by the overexpression of wild type but not the pore mutants of TRPV6. In addition, overexpression of TRPV6 promoted differentiation of the MCF10A mammary epithelial cells in three-dimensional culture, which is consistent with our previous findings that ZFHX3 is essential for mammary gland differentiation. These findings suggest that ZFHX3 plays an important role in intracellular calcium homeostasis in mammary epithelial cells, at least in part, by regulating TRPV6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xueying Han
- Department of Zoology and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lili Huang
- Department of Zoology and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jianpeng Wang
- Department of Zoology and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ju-Hong Jeon
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-799, South Korea
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Zoology and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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7
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Qiu L, Chang G, Bi Y, Liu X, Chen G. Circular RNA and mRNA profiling reveal competing endogenous RNA networks during avian leukosis virus, subgroup J-induced tumorigenesis in chickens. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204931. [PMID: 30286182 PMCID: PMC6171863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) can induce myeloid tumors and hemangiomas in chickens and causes severe economic losses with commercial layer chickens and meat-type chickens. Here, we generated ribominus RNA sequencing data from three normal chicken spleen tissues and three ALV-J-infected chicken spleen tissues. Structure analysis of transcripts showed that, compared to mRNAs and lncRNAs, chicken circRNAs shared relatively shorter transcripts and similar GC content. Differentially expression analysis showed 152 differentially expressed circRNAs with 106 circRNAs up regulated and 46 circRNAs down regulated. Through comparing differentially expressed circRNA host genes and mRNAs and performed ceRNA network analysis, we found several tumor or immune-related genes, in which, there were four genes existed in both differentially expressed mRNAs and circRNA host genes (Dock4, Fmr1, Zfhx3, Ralb) and two genes (Mll, Aoc3) involved in ceRNA network. We further characterized one exon-intron circRNA derived from HRH4 gene in the ceRNA network, termed circHRH4, which is an abundant and stable circRNA expressed in various tissues and cells in chicken and localizes in cytoplasm. Our results provide new insight into the pathology of ALV-J infection and circRNAs may also mediate tumorigenesis in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Qiu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR, China
| | - Guobin Chang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR, China
| | - Yulin Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR, China
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, PR, China
| | - Guohong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR, China
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Li M, Zhang C, Zhong Y, Zhao J. Cellular localization of ATBF1 protein and its functional implication in breast epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Kataoka H, Miura Y, Kawaguchi M, Suzuki S, Okamoto Y, Ozeki K, Shimura T, Mizoshita T, Kubota E, Tanida S, Takahashi S, Asai K, Joh T. Expression and subcellular localization of AT motif binding factor 1 in colon tumours. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:3095-3102. [PMID: 28713972 PMCID: PMC5548027 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AT motif binding factor 1 (ATBF1) is a transcriptional regulator that functions as a tumour suppressor to negatively affect cancer cell growth. In the present study four specific polyclonal antibodies against ATBF1 were generated, and the expression and intracellular localization of ATBF1 in colonic mucosae, polyps, adenoma and adenocarcinoma tissue samples were investigated. The four polyclonal antibodies produced were as follows: MB34 and MB49, which recognize the N- and C-terminal fragments of ATBF1, respectively; and D1-120 and MB44, which recognize the middle fragments of ATBF1 that contain three nuclear localization signals (NLS). In total, 191 colon samples were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, colon cancer cells were transfected with four ATBF1 expression vectors, and the subcellular localization of each fragment was examined. Normal colon mucosal cells were not observed to express ATBF1. However, a small number of hyperplastic polyps, serrated adenomas and tubular adenomas expressed ATBF1. Colon cancer cells were observed to express D1-120- and MB44-reactive middle fragments of ATBF1 in their cell nuclei. However, the N- and C-terminal fragments of ATBF1 did not translocate to the nucleus. Transfection of ATBF1 fragments revealed cleavage of the ATBF1 protein and nuclear translocation of the cleaved middle portion containing the NLS. A positive correlation between the cytoplasmic localization of the N- and C-termini of ATBF1, nuclear localization of the middle portion of ATBF1 and malignant cancer cell invasion was observed. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that alterations in the expression and subcellular localization of ATBF1, as a result of post-transcriptional modifications, are associated with malignant features of colon tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Yutaka Miura
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Makoto Kawaguchi
- Department of Pathology, Niigata Rosai Hospital, Japan Labor Health and Welfare Organization, Joetsu, Niigata 942‑8502, Japan
| | - Shugo Suzuki
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Keiji Ozeki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Takaya Shimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Mizoshita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Eiji Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tanida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Asai
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Joh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8601, Japan
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10
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Kawaguchi M, Hara N, Bilim V, Koike H, Suzuki M, Kim TS, Gao N, Dong Y, Zhang S, Fujinawa Y, Yamamoto O, Ito H, Tomita Y, Naruse Y, Sakamaki A, Ishii Y, Tsuneyama K, Inoue M, Itoh J, Yasuda M, Sakata N, Jung CG, Kanazawa S, Akatsu H, Minato H, Nojima T, Asai K, Miura Y. A diagnostic marker for superficial urothelial bladder carcinoma: lack of nuclear ATBF1 (ZFHX3) by immunohistochemistry suggests malignant progression. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:805. [PMID: 27756245 PMCID: PMC5070376 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2845-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pathological stage and grade have limited ability to predict the outcomes of superficial urothelial bladder carcinoma at initial transurethral resection (TUR). AT-motif binding factor 1 (ATBF1) is a tumor suppressive transcription factor that is normally localized to the nucleus but has been detected in the cytoplasm in several cancers. Here, we examined the diagnostic value of the intracellular localization of ATBF1 as a marker for the identification of high risk urothelial bladder carcinoma. Methods Seven anti-ATBF1 antibodies were generated to cover the entire ATBF1 sequence. Four human influenza hemagglutinin-derived amino acid sequence-tagged expression vectors with truncated ATBF1 cDNA were constructed to map the functional domains of nuclear localization signals (NLSs) with the consensus sequence KR[X10-12]K. A total of 117 samples from initial TUR of human bladder carcinomas were analyzed. None of the patients had received chemotherapy or radiotherapy before pathological evaluation. Results ATBF1 nuclear localization was regulated synergistically by three NLSs on ATBF1. The cytoplasmic fragments of ATBF1 lacked NLSs. Patients were divided into two groups according to positive nuclear staining of ATBF1, and significant differences in overall survival (P = 0.021) and intravesical recurrence-free survival (P = 0.013) were detected between ATBF1+ (n = 110) and ATBF1− (n = 7) cases. Multivariate analysis revealed that ATBF1 staining was an independent prognostic factor for intravesical recurrence-free survival after adjusting for cellular grading and pathological staging (P = 0.008). Conclusions Cleavage of ATBF1 leads to the cytoplasmic localization of ATBF1 fragments and downregulates nuclear ATBF1. Alterations in the subcellular localization of ATBF1 due to fragmentation of the protein are related to the malignant character of urothelial carcinoma. Pathological evaluation using anti-ATBF1 antibodies enabled the identification of highly malignant cases that had been overlooked at initial TUR. Nuclear localization of ATBF1 indicates better prognosis of urothelial carcinoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2845-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kawaguchi
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Niigata Rosai Hospital, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, 1-7-12 Toh-un-cho, Johetsu, Niigata, 942-8502, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1-Chome, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Noboru Hara
- Division of Urology, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 754 Ichiban-cho, Asahimachi-dohri, Cyuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8520, Japan
| | - Vladimir Bilim
- Division of Urology, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 754 Ichiban-cho, Asahimachi-dohri, Cyuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8520, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Koike
- Division of Urology, Niigata Rosai Hospital, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, 1-7-12 Toh-un-cho, Johetsu, Niigata, 942-8502, Japan
| | - Mituko Suzuki
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, LG 581, Ghana.,Section of Environmental Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Tae-Sun Kim
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1-Chome, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1-Chome, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yu Dong
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1-Chome, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 11-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yuji Fujinawa
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Niigata Rosai Hospital, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, 1-7-12 Toh-un-cho, Johetsu, Niigata, 942-8502, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamamoto
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Niigata Rosai Hospital, Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, 1-7-12 Toh-un-cho, Johetsu, Niigata, 942-8502, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tomita
- Division of Urology, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 754 Ichiban-cho, Asahimachi-dohri, Cyuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8520, Japan
| | - Yuchi Naruse
- Department of Human Science and Fundamental Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Akira Sakamaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ooshima Kurumi Hospital, 48 Kitano, Ooshima, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0271, Japan
| | - Yoko Ishii
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masaaki Inoue
- Division of Chest Surgery, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Koyo-cho, Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi, 750-8520, Japan
| | - Johbu Itoh
- Education and Research Support Center, School of Medicine, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Masanori Yasuda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
| | - Nobuo Sakata
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Cha-Gyun Jung
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kanazawa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cyo, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Akatsu
- Department of Medicine for Aging in Place and Community-Based Medical Education, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Minato
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 11-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nojima
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 11-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Kahoku, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Asai
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1-Chome, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yutaka Miura
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 1-Chome, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan.
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11
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Kao YH, Hsu JC, Chen YC, Lin YK, Lkhagva B, Chen SA, Chen YJ. ZFHX3 knockdown increases arrhythmogenesis and dysregulates calcium homeostasis in HL-1 atrial myocytes. Int J Cardiol 2016; 210:85-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.02.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Helenius IT, Haake RJ, Kwon YJ, Hu JA, Krupinski T, Casalino-Matsuda SM, Sporn PHS, Sznajder JI, Beitel GJ. Identification of Drosophila Zfh2 as a Mediator of Hypercapnic Immune Regulation by a Genome-Wide RNA Interference Screen. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 196:655-667. [PMID: 26643480 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hypercapnia, elevated partial pressure of CO2 in blood and tissue, develops in many patients with chronic severe obstructive pulmonary disease and other advanced lung disorders. Patients with advanced disease frequently develop bacterial lung infections, and hypercapnia is a risk factor for mortality in such individuals. We previously demonstrated that hypercapnia suppresses induction of NF-κB-regulated innate immune response genes required for host defense in human, mouse, and Drosophila cells, and it increases mortality from bacterial infections in both mice and Drosophila. However, the molecular mediators of hypercapnic immune suppression are undefined. In this study, we report a genome-wide RNA interference screen in Drosophila S2* cells stimulated with bacterial peptidoglycan. The screen identified 16 genes with human orthologs whose knockdown reduced hypercapnic suppression of the gene encoding the antimicrobial peptide Diptericin (Dipt), but did not increase Dipt mRNA levels in air. In vivo tests of one of the strongest screen hits, zinc finger homeodomain 2 (Zfh2; mammalian orthologs ZFHX3/ATBF1 and ZFHX4), demonstrate that reducing zfh2 function using a mutation or RNA interference improves survival of flies exposed to elevated CO2 and infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Tissue-specific knockdown of zfh2 in the fat body, the major immune and metabolic organ of the fly, mitigates hypercapnia-induced reductions in Dipt and other antimicrobial peptides and improves resistance of CO2-exposed flies to infection. Zfh2 mutations also partially rescue hypercapnia-induced delays in egg hatching, suggesting that Zfh2's role in mediating responses to hypercapnia extends beyond the immune system. Taken together, to our knowledge, these results identify Zfh2 as the first in vivo mediator of hypercapnic immune suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iiro Taneli Helenius
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ryan J Haake
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yong-Jae Kwon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Jennifer A Hu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Thomas Krupinski
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - S Marina Casalino-Matsuda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Peter H S Sporn
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.,Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jacob I Sznajder
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Greg J Beitel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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13
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Parsons MJ, Brancaccio M, Sethi S, Maywood ES, Satija R, Edwards JK, Jagannath A, Couch Y, Finelli MJ, Smyllie NJ, Esapa C, Butler R, Barnard AR, Chesham JE, Saito S, Joynson G, Wells S, Foster RG, Oliver PL, Simon MM, Mallon AM, Hastings MH, Nolan PM. The Regulatory Factor ZFHX3 Modifies Circadian Function in SCN via an AT Motif-Driven Axis. Cell 2015; 162:607-21. [PMID: 26232227 PMCID: PMC4537516 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We identified a dominant missense mutation in the SCN transcription factor Zfhx3, termed short circuit (Zfhx3(Sci)), which accelerates circadian locomotor rhythms in mice. ZFHX3 regulates transcription via direct interaction with predicted AT motifs in target genes. The mutant protein has a decreased ability to activate consensus AT motifs in vitro. Using RNA sequencing, we found minimal effects on core clock genes in Zfhx3(Sci/+) SCN, whereas the expression of neuropeptides critical for SCN intercellular signaling was significantly disturbed. Moreover, mutant ZFHX3 had a decreased ability to activate AT motifs in the promoters of these neuropeptide genes. Lentiviral transduction of SCN slices showed that the ZFHX3-mediated activation of AT motifs is circadian, with decreased amplitude and robustness of these oscillations in Zfhx3(Sci/+) SCN slices. In conclusion, by cloning Zfhx3(Sci), we have uncovered a circadian transcriptional axis that determines the period and robustness of behavioral and SCN molecular rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Parsons
- MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Marco Brancaccio
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Siddharth Sethi
- MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Elizabeth S Maywood
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Rahul Satija
- New York Genome Center, 101 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013, USA; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
| | - Jessica K Edwards
- MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Aarti Jagannath
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Yvonne Couch
- Acute Stroke Program, Radcliffe Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Mattéa J Finelli
- MRC Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Nicola J Smyllie
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Christopher Esapa
- MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Rachel Butler
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Alun R Barnard
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Johanna E Chesham
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Shoko Saito
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Greg Joynson
- MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Sara Wells
- MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Russell G Foster
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Peter L Oliver
- MRC Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Michelle M Simon
- MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Ann-Marie Mallon
- MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Michael H Hastings
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Patrick M Nolan
- MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK.
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14
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Kageyama-Yahara N, Yamamichi N, Takahashi Y, Nakayama C, Shiogama K, Inada KI, Konno-Shimizu M, Kodashima S, Fujishiro M, Tsutsumi Y, Ichinose M, Koike K. Gli regulates MUC5AC transcription in human gastrointestinal cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106106. [PMID: 25166306 PMCID: PMC4148389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MUC5AC is a well-known gastric differentiation marker, which has been frequently used for the classification of stomach cancer. Immunohistochemistry revealed that expression of MUC5AC decreases accompanied with increased malignant property of gastric mucosa, which further suggests the importance of MUC5AC gene regulation. Alignment of the 5′-flanking regions of MUC5AC gene of 13 mammal species denoted high homology within 200 bp upstream of the coding region. Luciferase activities of the deletion constructs containing upstream 451 bp or shorter fragments demonstrated that 15 bp region between −111 and −125 bp plays a critical role on MUC5AC promoter activity in gastrointestinal cells. We found a putative Gli-binding site in this 15 bp sequence, and named this region a highly conserved region containing a Gli-binding site (HCR-Gli). Overexpression of Gli homologs (Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3) clearly enhanced MUC5AC promoter activity. Exogenous modulation of Gli1 and Gli2 also affected the endogenous MUC5AC gene expression in gastrointestinal cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that Gli1 directly binds to HCR-Gli: Gli regulates MUC5AC transcription via direct protein-DNA interaction. Conversely, in the 30 human cancer cell lines and various normal tissues, expression patterns of MUC5AC and Gli did not coincide wholly: MUC5AC showed cell line-specific or tissue-specific expression whereas Gli mostly revealed ubiquitous expression. Luciferase promoter assays suggested that the far distal MUC5AC promoter region containing upstream 4010 bp seems to have several enhancer elements for gene transcription. In addition, treatments with DNA demethylation reagent and/or histone deacetylase inhibitor induced MUC5AC expression in several cell lines that were deficient in MUC5AC expression. These results indicated that Gli is necessary but not sufficient for MUC5AC expression: namely, the multiple regulatory mechanisms should work in the distal promoter region of MUC5AC gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Kageyama-Yahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutake Yamamichi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yu Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiemi Nakayama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shiogama
- 1st Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Inada
- 1st Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Maki Konno-Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Kodashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tsutsumi
- 1st Department of Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masao Ichinose
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical College, Kimiidera, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Sun X, Fu X, Li J, Xing C, Frierson HF, Wu H, Ding X, Ju T, Cummings RD, Dong JT. Deletion of atbf1/zfhx3 in mouse prostate causes neoplastic lesions, likely by attenuation of membrane and secretory proteins and multiple signaling pathways. Neoplasia 2014; 16:377-89. [PMID: 24934715 PMCID: PMC4198693 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The ATBF1/ZFHX3 gene at 16q22 is the second most frequently mutated gene in human prostate cancer and has reduced expression or mislocalization in several types of human tumors. Nonetheless, the hypothesis that ATBF1 has a tumor suppressor function in prostate cancer has not been tested. In this study, we examined the role of ATBF1 in prostatic carcinogenesis by specifically deleting Atbf1 in mouse prostatic epithelial cells. We also examined the effect of Atbf1 deletion on gene expression and signaling pathways in mouse prostates. Histopathologic analyses showed that Atbf1 deficiency caused hyperplasia and mouse prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (mPIN) primarily in the dorsal prostate but also in other lobes. Hemizygous deletion of Atbf1 also increased the development of hyperplasia and mPIN, indicating a haploinsufficiency of Atbf1. The mPIN lesions expressed luminal cell markers and harbored molecular changes similar to those in human PIN and prostate cancer, including weaker expression of basal cell marker cytokeratin 5 (Ck5), cell adhesion protein E-cadherin, and the smooth muscle layer marker Sma; elevated expression of the oncoproteins phospho-Erk1/2, phospho-Akt and Muc1; and aberrant protein glycosylation. Gene expression profiling revealed a large number of genes that were dysregulated by Atbf1 deletion, particularly those that encode for secretory and cell membrane proteins. The four signaling networks that were most affected by Atbf1 deletion included those centered on Erk1/2 and IGF1, Akt and FSH, NF-κB and progesterone and β-estradiol. These findings provide in vivo evidence that ATBF1 is a tumor suppressor in the prostate, suggest that loss of Atbf1 contributes to tumorigenesis by dysregulating membrane and secretory proteins and multiple signaling pathways, and provide a new animal model for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Xiaoying Fu
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322; Department of Pathology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Changsheng Xing
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Henry F Frierson
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Xiaokun Ding
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Tongzhong Ju
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | | | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322.
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16
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Adalimumab Treatment in Biologically Naïve Crohn's Disease: Relationship with Ectopic MUC5AC Expression and Endoscopic Improvement. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2014; 2014:687257. [PMID: 24829572 PMCID: PMC4009194 DOI: 10.1155/2014/687257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Adalimumab (ADA) is effective for patients with Crohn's disease (CD). However, there have been few reports on ADA therapy with respect to its relationship with pathologic findings and drug efficacy in biologically naïve CD cases. Methods. Fifteen patients with active biologically naïve CD were treated with ADA. We examined them clinically and pathologically with ectopic MUC5AC expression in the lesions before and after 12 and 52 weeks of ADA therapy, retrospectively. Results. Both mean CD activity index scores and serum C-reactive protein values were significantly lower after ADA therapy (P < 0.001). In the MUC5AC negative group, all cases exhibited clinical remission (CR) and endoscopic improvement at 52 weeks. In MUC5AC positive groups, loss of MUC5AC expression was detected in cases having CR and endoscopic improvement at 52 weeks, while remnant ectopic MUC5AC expression was observed in those exhibiting no endoscopic improvement and flare up after 52 weeks. Conclusions. ADA leads to CR and endoscopic improvement in biologically naïve CD cases. In addition, ectopic MUC5AC expression may be a predictive marker of flare up and endoscopic improvement in the intestines of CD patients.
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17
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Sun X, Li J, Dong FN, Dong JT. Characterization of nuclear localization and SUMOylation of the ATBF1 transcription factor in epithelial cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92746. [PMID: 24651376 PMCID: PMC3961433 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
ATBF1/ZFHX3 is a large transcription factor that functions in development, tumorigenesis and other biological processes. ATBF1 is normally localized in the nucleus, but is often mislocalized in the cytoplasm in cancer cells. The mechanism underlying the mislocalization of ATBF1 is unknown. In this study, we analyzed the nuclear localization of ATBF1, and found that ectopically expressed ATBF1 formed nuclear body (NB)-like dots in the nucleus, some of which indeed physically associated with promyelocytic leukemia (PML) NBs. We also defined a 3-amino acid motif, KRK2615-2617, as the nuclear localization signal (NLS) for ATBF1. Interestingly, diffusely distributed nuclear SUMO1 proteins were sequestered into ATBF1 dots, which could be related to ATBF1's physical association with PML NBs, known SUMOylation hotspots. Furthermore, ATBF1 itself was SUMOylated. ATBF1 SUMOylation occurred at more than 3 lysine residues including K2349, K2806 and K3258 and was nuclear specific. Finally, the PIAS3 SUMO1 E3 ligase, which interacts with ATBF1 directly, diminished rather than enhanced ATBF1 SUMOylation, preventing the co-localization of ATBF1 with SUMO1 in the nucleus. These findings suggest that nuclear localization and SUMOylation are important for the transcription factor function of ATBF1, and that ATBF1 could cooperate with PML NBs to regulate protein SUMOylation in different biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Sun
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jie Li
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Frederick N. Dong
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Oestrogen causes ATBF1 protein degradation through the oestrogen-responsive E3 ubiquitin ligase EFP. Biochem J 2012; 444:581-90. [PMID: 22452784 DOI: 10.1042/bj20111890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We reported previously that the tumour suppressor ATBF1 (AT motif-binding factor 1) formed an autoregulatory feedback loop with oestrogen-ERα (oestrogen receptor α) signalling to regulate oestrogen-dependent cell proliferation in breast cancer cells. In this loop ATBF1 inhibits the function of oestrogen-ERα signalling, whereas ATBF1 protein levels are fine-tuned by oestrogen-induced transcriptional up-regulation as well as UPP (ubiquitin-proteasome pathway)-mediated protein degradation. In the present study we show that EFP (oestrogen-responsive finger protein) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase mediating oestrogen-induced ATBF1 protein degradation. Knockdown of EFP increases ATBF1 protein levels, whereas overexpression of EFP decreases ATBF1 protein levels. EFP interacts with and ubiquitinates ATBF1 protein. Furthermore, we show that EFP is an important factor in oestrogen-induced ATBF1 protein degradation in which some other factors are also involved. In human primary breast tumours the levels of ATBF1 protein are positively correlated with the levels of EFP protein, as both are directly up-regulated ERα target gene products. However, the ratio of ATBF1 protein to EFP protein is negatively correlated with EFP protein levels. Functionally, ATBF1 antagonizes EFP-mediated cell proliferation. These findings not only establish EFP as the E3 ubiquitin ligase for oestrogen-induced ATBF1 protein degradation, but further support the autoregulatory feedback loop between ATBF1 and oestrogen-ERα signalling and thus implicate ATBF1 in oestrogen-dependent breast development and carcinogenesis.
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Sun X, Li J, Sica G, Fan SQ, Wang Y, Chen Z, Muller S, Chen ZG, Fu X, Dong XY, Guo P, Shin DM, Dong JT. Interruption of nuclear localization of ATBF1 during the histopathologic progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2012; 35:1007-14. [PMID: 22791392 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The AT-motif binding factor 1 (ATBF1) gene is frequently altered at the genetic level in several types of cancer, but its protein expression and subcellular localization have not been well studied in human cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). METHODS ATBF1 expression and localization were examined in 5 cell lines and 197 clinical specimens of HNSCC, and correlated with pathologic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS ATBF1 was predominantly localized in the nucleus of hyperplastic squamous epithelium. Whereas nuclear ATBF1 dramatically decreased in invasive tumors (p = .0012), cytoplasmic ATBF1 levels progressively increased from dysplasia to invasive tumors (p < .0001), and the increase correlated with poor survival. Reduced nuclear ATBF1 level was also detected in HNSCC cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Nuclear localization of ATBF1 is frequently interrupted in HNSCC, and the interruption is significantly associated with the progression of HNSCC. The cytoplasmic ATBF1 level could be useful for predicting patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
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Sun X, Fu X, Li J, Xing C, Martin DW, Zhang HH, Chen Z, Dong JT. Heterozygous deletion of Atbf1 by the Cre-loxP system in mice causes preweaning mortality. Genesis 2012; 50:819-27. [PMID: 22644989 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
ATBF1 is a large nuclear protein that contains multiple zinc-finger motifs and four homeodomains. In mammals, ATBF1 regulates differentiation, and its mutation and/or downregulation is involved in tumorigenesis in several organs. To gain more insight into the physiological functions of ATBF1, we generated and validated a conditional allele of mouse Atbf1 in which exons 7 and 8 were flanked by loxP sites (Atbf1(flox) ). Germline deletion of a single Atbf1 allele was achieved by breeding to EIIa-cre transgenic mice, and Atbf1 heterozygous mice displayed reduced body weight, preweaning mortality, increased cell proliferation, and attenuated cytokeratin 18 expression, indicating haploinsufficiency of Atbf1. Floxed Atbf1 mice will help us understand such biological processes as neuronal differentiation and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Xiong L, Yang Z, Yang L, Liu J, Miao X. Expressive levels of MUC1 and MUC5AC and their clinicopathologic significances in the benign and malignant lesions of gallbladder. J Surg Oncol 2011; 105:97-103. [PMID: 21815153 DOI: 10.1002/jso.22055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2010] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article is intended to make a study on the expressive levels of mucin core proteins (MUC1 and MUC5AC) and detect their clinicopathologic significances in the benign and malignant lesions of gallbladder. METHODS EnVision immunohistochemical method for determining the expressions of MUC1 and MUC5AC was used in routinely paraffin-embedded sections of surgically resected specimens from gallbladder adenocarcinoma (n = 108), peritumoral tissues (n = 46), adenoma (n = 15), and chronic cholecystitis (n = 35). RESULTS The positive rate of MUC1 expression was significantly higher in gallbladder adenocarcinoma than that in peritumoral tissues (χ(2) = 16.49, P < 0.01), adenoma (χ(2) = 7.40, P < 0.01), and chronic cholecystitis (χ(2) = 28.57, P < 0.01), while the positive rate of MUC5AC expression was significantly lower in gallbladder adenocarcinoma than that in peritumoral tissues (χ(2) = 12.83, P < 0.01), adenoma (χ(2) = 4.22, P < 0.05), and chronic cholecystitis (χ(2) = 20.25, P < 0.01). The positive cases of MUC1 and the negative ones of MUC5AC in the benign lesions showed moderate- or severe-dysplasia of gallbladder epithelium. The positive rates of MUC1 were significantly lower in gallbladder adenocarcinomas with maximal diameter of mass <2 cm, no metastasis of lymph node, and no invasiveness of regional tissues (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) than those in gallbladder adenocarcinomas with maximal diameter of mass >2 cm, metastasis of lymph node, and invasiveness of regional tissues (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). However, the positive rates of MUC5AC were significantly higher in the highly differentiated adenocarcinoma with maximal diameter of mass <2 cm than those in the low-differentiated adenocarcinoma with maximal diameter of mass ≥2 cm. Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that increased expression of MUC1 (P = 0.064) or decreased expression of MUC5AC (P = 0.017) was associated with decreased overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that decreased expression of MUC5AC (P = 0.008) was an independent prognostic predictor to gallbladder adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS The expression of MUC1 and MUC5AC might be closely related to the carcinogenesis, clinical biological behaviors, and prognosis of gallbladder adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Dong XY, Guo P, Sun X, Li Q, Dong JT. Estrogen up-regulates ATBF1 transcription but causes its protein degradation in estrogen receptor-alpha-positive breast cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:13879-90. [PMID: 21367855 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.187849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The proper level of estrogen-estrogen receptor (ER) signaling is important for the maintenance of epithelial homeostasis in the breast. In a previous study we demonstrated that ATBF1, which has been suggested as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer, inhibited estrogen-mediated cell proliferation by selectively competing with AIB1 for binding to the ER. However, the expression of ATBF1 mRNA was shown to positively correlate with ER in breast cancer specimens. We, therefore, examined whether estrogen regulates ATBF1. We demonstrated that estrogen up-regulated the transcription of ATBF1, which was mediated by the direct binding of the ER onto the ATBF1 promoter, and that a half-estrogen-responsive element in the ATBF1 promoter was essential for ER direct binding. Furthermore, we found that estrogen at lower levels increased, but at higher levels decreased the expression of ATBF1 protein, which involved the degradation of ATBF1 protein by the estrogen-responsive proteasome system. ATBF1 protein levels fluctuate with estrogen levels. Although lower levels of estrogen increased ATBF1 protein expression, ATBF1 still inhibited cell proliferation caused by lower levels of estrogen. These findings not only reveal an autoregulatory feedback loop between ATBF1 and estrogen-ER signaling but also suggest that ATBF1 plays a role in both the maintenance of breast epithelial homeostasis and breast tumorigenesis caused by elevated estrogen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yuan Dong
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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Mabuchi M, Kataoka H, Miura Y, Kim TS, Kawaguchi M, Ebi M, Tanaka M, Mori Y, Kubota E, Mizushima T, Shimura T, Mizoshita T, Tanida S, Kamiya T, Asai K, Joh T. Tumor suppressor, AT motif binding factor 1 (ATBF1), translocates to the nucleus with runt domain transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) in response to TGF-β signal transduction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 398:321-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.06.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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