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Xue JD, Xiang WF, Cai MQ, Lv XY. Biological functions and therapeutic potential of SRY related high mobility group box 5 in human cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1332148. [PMID: 38835366 PMCID: PMC11148273 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1332148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heavy human burden worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality. Identification of novel cancer diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers is important for developing cancer treatment strategies and reducing mortality. Transcription factors, including SRY associated high mobility group box (SOX) proteins, are thought to be involved in the regulation of specific biological processes. There is growing evidence that SOX transcription factors play an important role in cancer progression, including tumorigenesis, changes in the tumor microenvironment, and metastasis. SOX5 is a member of SOX Group D of Sox family. SOX5 is expressed in various tissues of human body and participates in various physiological and pathological processes and various cellular processes. However, the abnormal expression of SOX5 is associated with cancer of various systems, and the abnormal expression of SOX5 acts as a tumor promoter to promote cancer cell viability, proliferation, invasion, migration and EMT through multiple mechanisms. In addition, the expression pattern of SOX5 is closely related to cancer type, stage and adverse clinical outcome. Therefore, SOX5 is considered as a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, the expression of SOX5 in various human cancers, the mechanism of action and potential clinical significance of SOX5 in tumor, and the therapeutic significance of Sox5 targeting in cancer were reviewed. In order to provide a new theoretical basis for cancer clinical molecular diagnosis, molecular targeted therapy and scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-di Xue
- The School of Basic Medicine Sciences of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wan-Fang Xiang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ming-Qin Cai
- School/Hospital of Stomatology of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Lv
- The School of Basic Medicine Sciences of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in prostate cancer: A dual function mediator? Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:435-452. [PMID: 35202639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a member of a family of secreted cytokines with vital biological functions in cells. The abnormal expression of TGF-β signaling is a common finding in pathological conditions, particularly cancer. Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of death among men. Several genetic and epigenetic alterations can result in PCa development, and govern its progression. The present review attempts to shed some light on the role of TGF-β signaling in PCa. TGF-β signaling can either stimulate or inhibit proliferation and viability of PCa cells, depending on the context. The metastasis of PCa cells is increased by TGF-β signaling via induction of EMT and MMPs. Furthermore, TGF-β signaling can induce drug resistance of PCa cells, and can lead to immune evasion via reducing the anti-tumor activity of cytotoxic T cells and stimulating regulatory T cells. Upstream mediators such as microRNAs and lncRNAs, can regulate TGF-β signaling in PCa. Furthermore, some pharmacological compounds such as thymoquinone and valproic acid can suppress TGF-β signaling for PCa therapy. TGF-β over-expression is associated with poor prognosis in PCa patients. Furthermore, TGF-β up-regulation before prostatectomy is associated with recurrence of PCa. Overall, current review discusses role of TGF-β signaling in proliferation, metastasis and therapy response of PCa cells and in order to improve knowledge towards its regulation, upstream mediators of TGF-β such as non-coding RNAs are described. Finally, TGF-β regulation and its clinical application are discussed.
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Yuan WM, Fan YG, Cui M, Luo T, Wang YE, Shu ZJ, Zhao J, Zheng J, Zeng Y. SOX5 Regulates Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration and Invasion in KSHV-Infected Cells. Virol Sin 2020; 36:449-457. [PMID: 33231856 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-020-00313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) originates from vascular endothelial cells, with KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) as the etiological agent. SRY-box transcription factor 5 (SOX5) plays different roles in various types of cancer, although its role in KS remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified the role of SOX5 in KS tissues and KSHV-infected cells and elucidated the molecular mechanism. Thirty-two KS patients were enrolled in this study. Measurement of SOX5 mRNA and protein levels in human KS tissues and adjacent control tissues revealed lower levels in KS tissues, with KS patients having higher SOX5 level in the early stages of the disease compared to the later stages. And SOX5 mRNA and protein was also lower in KSHV-infected cells (iSLK-219 and iSLK-BAC) than normal cells (iSLK-Puro). Additionally, SOX5 overexpression inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis and decreased KSHV-infected cell migration and invasion. Moreover, we found that SOX5 overexpression suppressed the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of KSHV-infected cells. These results suggest SOX5 is a suppressor factor during KS development and a potential target for KS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Mei Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China.,Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Ya-Ge Fan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Meng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Ya-E Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Zhan-Jun Shu
- AIDS Research Office, National Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Base in Xinjiang and the Sixth People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Ürümqi, 830000, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China.
| | - Yan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease and Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China.
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Luo G, He K, Xia Z, Liu S, Liu H, Xiang G. Regulation of microRNA-497 expression in human cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:23. [PMID: 33240429 PMCID: PMC7681205 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a type of non-coding single-stranded RNA, with a length of ~22 nt, which are encoded by endogenous genes and are involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in animals and plants. Studies have demonstrated that miRNAs play an important role in the occurrence, development, metastasis, diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In recent years, miR-497 has been identified as one of the key miRNAs in a variety of cancer types and has been shown to be downregulated in a variety of solid tumors. However, the regulation of miR-497 expression involves a complex network, which is affected by several factors. The aim of the present review was to summarize the mechanism of regulation of miR-497 expression at the pre-transcriptional and transcriptional levels in cancer, as well as the role of miR-497 expression imbalance in cancer diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. The regulatory mechanisms of miR-497 expression may aid in our understanding of the causes of miR-497 expression imbalance and provide a reference value for further research on the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanshui Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China.,Department of Postgraduate Studies, The Second Clinical College of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ke He
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Zhenglin Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
| | - Guoan Xiang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, P.R. China
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Chen M, Zou S, He C, Zhou J, Li S, Shen M, Cheng R, Wang D, Zou T, Yan X, Huang Y, Shen J. Transactivation of SOX5 by Brachyury promotes breast cancer bone metastasis. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:551-560. [PMID: 31713604 PMCID: PMC7350557 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow has been long known to host a unique environment amenable to colonization by metastasizing tumor cells. Yet, the underlying molecular interactions which give rise to the high incidence of bone metastasis (BM) in breast cancer patients have long remained uncharacterized. In our study, in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that Brachyury (Bry) could promote breast cancer BM. Bry drives epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotes breast cancer aggressiveness. As an EMT driver, SOX5 involves in breast cancer metastasis and the specific function in BM. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays revealed SOX5 is a direct downstream target gene of Bry. ChIP analysis and reporter assays identified two Bry-binding motifs; one consistent with the classic conserved binding sequence and the other a new motif sequence. This study demonstrates for the first time that Bry promotes breast cancer cells BM through activating SOX5. In clinical practice, targeting the Bry-Sox5-EMT pathway is evolving into a promising avenue for the prevention of bone metastatic relapse, therapeutic resistance and other aspects of breast cancer progression. Brachyury directly regulates the expression of SOX5 by binding to two motifs in its promoter region. The Bry-SOX5-EMT pathway may represent a potential target to develop treatments to prevent and treat bone metastasis from breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shitao Zou
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao He
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jundong Zhou
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suoyuan Li
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghong Shen
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rulei Cheng
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Donglai Wang
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianming Zou
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueqi Yan
- Suzhou Cancer Center Core Laboratory, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Ultrasonography, the Fifth People’s Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: 008618112603158; Fax: 008651262362502,
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Knock-down Sox5 suppresses porcine adipogenesis through BMP R-Smads signal pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:574-580. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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7
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Chen D, Wang R, Yu C, Cao F, Zhang X, Yan F, Chen L, Zhu H, Yu Z, Feng J. FOX-A1 contributes to acquisition of chemoresistance in human lung adenocarcinoma via transactivation of SOX5. EBioMedicine 2019; 44:150-161. [PMID: 31147293 PMCID: PMC6607090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemoresistance is a major obstacle for the effective treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LAD). Forkhead box (FOX) proteins have been demonstrated to play critical roles in promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and chemoresistance. However, whether FOX proteins contribute to the acquisition of EMT and chemoresistance in LAD remains largely unknown. Methods FOX-A1 expression was measured in LAD cells and tissues by qRT-PCR. The expression levels of EMT markers were detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence assay. The interaction between Sex determining region Y-box protein 5 (SOX5) and FOX-A1 was validated by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequence (ChIP-seq) and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Kaplan-Meier analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to analyze the significance of FOX-A1 and SOX5 expression in the prognosis of LAD patients. Findings FOX-A1 was upregulated in docetaxel-resistant LAD cells. High FOX-A1 expression was closely associated with a worse prognosis. Upregulation of FOX-A1 in LAD samples indicated short progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). SOX5 is a new and direct target of FOX-A1 and was positively regulated by FOX-A1 in LAD cell lines. Knockdown of FOX-A1 or SOX5 reversed the chemoresistance of docetaxel-resistant LAD cells by suppressing cell proliferation, migration and EMT progress. Interpretation These data elucidated an original FOX-A1/SOX5 pathway that represents a promising therapeutic target for chemosensitizing LAD and provides predictive biomarkers for evaluating the efficacy of chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital&Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research&The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital&Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research&The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem,USA; Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital&Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research&The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Longbang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Zhengyuan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital&Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research&The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Regulation of fibroblast-like synoviocyte transformation by transcription factors in arthritic diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 165:145-151. [PMID: 30878552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation in the synovium is known to mediate joint destruction in several forms of arthritis. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are cells that reside in the synovial lining of joints and are known to be key contributors to inflammation associated with arthritis. FLS are a major source of inflammatory cytokines and catabolic enzymes that promote joint degeneration. We now know that there exists a direct correlation between the signaling pathways that are activated by the pro-inflammatory molecules produced by the FLS, and the severity of joint degeneration in arthritis. Research focused on understanding the signaling pathways that are activated by these pro-inflammatory molecules has led to major advancements in the understanding of the joint pathology in arthritis. Transcription factors (TFs) that act as downstream mediators of the pro-inflammatory signaling cascades in various cell types have been reported to play an important role in inducing the deleterious transformation of the FLS. Interestingly, recent studies have started uncovering that several TFs that were previously reported to play role in embryonic development and cancer, but not known to have pronounced roles in tissue inflammation, can actually play crucial roles in the regulation of the pathological properties of the FLS. In this review, we will discuss reports that have been able to impart novel arthritogenic roles to TFs that are specialized in embryonic development. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting these newly identified regulators of FLS transformation in the treatment of arthritis.
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Sun C, Ban Y, Wang K, Sun Y, Zhao Z. SOX5 promotes breast cancer proliferation and invasion by transactivation of EZH2. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:2754-2762. [PMID: 30854049 PMCID: PMC6365965 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.9914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex determining region Y-box protein 5 (SOX5) is a transcriptional factor and serves important roles in various cancer types; however, the pathological role of SOX5 in patients with breast cancer remains unclear. In the present study, the expression and potential role of SOX5 in patients with breast cancer and in breast cancer cells was investigated. The data indicated that SOX5 was highly expressed in breast cancer tissues compared with adjacent healthy tissues, and overexpression of SOX5 was associated with a reduced overall survival rate in patients with breast cancer. Gain and loss of function studies with MTT, colony formation, wound healing and Matrigel invasion assays demonstrated that SOX5 significantly promoted breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. The chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay sequence, quantitative ChIP and luciferase reporter assays were used to identify enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2) as a downstream target gene of SOX5. Furthermore, it was determined that ectopic expression of SOX5 increased EZH2 expression at the mRNA and protein level, while the knockdown of SOX5 decreased EZH2 expression. Additionally, the biological effect of SOX5 was investigated, and it was determined to be dependent on the regulation of EZH2 expression. The present results may provide important insights into the biological significance of SOX5 serving as a candidate therapeutic target in breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntao Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Weifang City People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Yunqing Ban
- Imaging Center, The 5th Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Weifang City People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Yanming Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Weifang City People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Weifang City People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
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Downregulation of miR-139-5p promotes prostate cancer progression through regulation of SOX5. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:2128-2135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Chen X, Zheng Q, Li W, Lu Y, Ni Y, Ma L, Fu Y. SOX5 induces lung adenocarcinoma angiogenesis by inducing the expression of VEGF through STAT3 signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:5733-5741. [PMID: 30254466 PMCID: PMC6140741 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s176533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Angiogenesis is the main cause of lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sex-determining region Y-box protein 5 (SOX5) expression on angiogenesis of LAC and explore its possible mechanism. Patients and methods The effect on angiogenesis was tested by tube formation assays using human umbilical vein endothelial cells cocultured with A549 cells. Lentivirus shRNA of SOX5 and lentivirus of SOX5 overexpression system were used to establish LAC cell lines, which expressed SOX5 of different levels. SOX5 downstream signaling targets were analyzed by real-time qPCR and Western blot. We collected 90 LAC cases and the tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry for SOX5 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results We found that SOX5 overexpression in A549 cells significantly promoted tube formation capacity of the cocultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. SOX5 increased VEGF expression and signal transducer activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation; however, SOX5 had no effect on extracellular signal-regulated kinase and protein kinase B pathway. Furthermore, the expression of SOX5 and VEGF had a significantly positive correlation (r=0.399, P=0.001) according to the tissue microarray data. Conclusion These findings suggest that SOX5 induces angiogenesis by activating signal transducer activator of transcription 3/VEGF signaling and confer its candidacy as a potential therapeutic target in LAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Qi Zheng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Yiming Ni
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P. R. China,
| | - Yufei Fu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Gastro-Intestinal Pathophysiology, Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P. R. China,
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12
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Shi Y, Wu Q, Xuan W, Feng X, Wang F, Tsao BP, Zhang M, Tan W. Transcription Factor SOX5 Promotes the Migration and Invasion of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in Part by Regulating MMP-9 Expression in Collagen-Induced Arthritis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:749. [PMID: 29706965 PMCID: PMC5906798 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) exhibit a unique aggressive phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Increased FLS migration and subsequent invasion of the extracellular matrix are essential to joint destruction in RA. Our previous research reported that transcription factor SOX5 was highly expressed in RA-FLS. Here, the effects of SOX5 in RA-FLS migration and invasion will be investigated. Methods The migration and invasion of RA-FLS were evaluated using a transwell chamber assay. The expression of several potential SOX5-targeted genes, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, 2, 3 and 9), chemokines (CCL4, CCL2, CCR5 and CCR2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), were examined in RA-FLS using SOX5 gain- and loss-of-function study. The molecular mechanisms of SOX5-mediated MMP-9 expressions were assayed by luciferase reporter gene and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) studies. The in vivo effect of SOX5 on FLS migration and invasion was examined using collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1J mice. Results Knockdown SOX5 decreased lamellipodium formation, migration, and invasion of RA-FLS. The expression of MMP-9 was the only gene tested to be concomitantly affected by silencing or overexpressing SOX5. ChIP assay revealed that SOX5 was bound to the MMP-9 promoter in RA-FLS. The overexpression of SOX5 markedly enhanced the MMP-9 promoter activity, and specific deletion of a putative SOX5-binding site in MMP-9 promoter diminished this promoter-driven transcription in FLS. Locally knocked down SOX5 inhibited MMP-9 expression in the joint tissue and reduced pannus migration and invasion into the cartilage in CIA mice. Conclusion SOX5 plays a novel role in mediating migration and invasion of FLS in part by regulating MMP-9 expression in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhua Xuan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoke Feng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Betty P Tsao
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Miaojia Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Xiao H, Zhou B, Jiang N, Cai Y, Liu X, Shi Z, Li M, Du C. The potential value of CDV3 in the prognosis evaluation in Hepatocellular carcinoma. Genes Dis 2018; 5:167-171. [PMID: 30258946 PMCID: PMC6147043 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CDV3 is correlated with tumorigenesis and may affect some biological process in cancer. In this study, we explore the role of CDV3 in HCC. According to the TCGA data base, CDV3 is over-expressed in HCC tissues. Up-regulation of CDV3 is correlated with lower over-all survival rate in HCC patients. In HCC samples from our hospital, CDV3 is also enriched in cancer tissues and CDV3 expression associated with HCC pathological T stage. What is more, higher CDV3 expression could forecast poor survival rate in HCC patients. In conclusion, CDV3 is a biomarker of HCC and could be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoyong Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunshi Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongwei Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengrong Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyou Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
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14
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Wang Y, Qin T, Hu W, Chen B, Dai M, Xu G. Genome-Wide Methylation Patterns in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cells: A Comprehensive Analysis Combining MeDIP-Bisulfite, RNA, and microRNA Sequencing Data. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9010032. [PMID: 29324665 PMCID: PMC5793184 DOI: 10.3390/genes9010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the development of the androgen-independent phenotype in prostate cancer. Methylation patterns were detected in androgen-independent and androgen-dependent lymph node carcinoma of the prostate (LNCaP) prostate carcinoma cells based on methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-bisulfite sequencing data and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and micro RNAs (miRNAs) with DMRs (named MDEGs and MDEmiRNAs) were identified by combining transcriptome and methylation data, and transcription factor (TF)-DEGs with DMRs in promoter (PMDEGs) and MDEmiRNA-MDEGs networks were constructed. Furthermore, a time-course analysis of gene transcription during androgen deprivation was performed based on microarray data and DMRs, MDEGs, and DEmiRNAs were validated. In total, 18,447 DMRs, 3369 MDEGs, 850 PMDEGs, and 1 MDEmiRNA (miR-429) were identified. A TF-target network (94 PMDEGs and 5 TFs) and a miRNA–target network (172 MDEGs and miR-429) were constructed. Based on the time-course analysis of genes in the networks, NEDD4L and PBX3 were targeted by SOX5, while GNAQ, ANLN, and KIF11 were targeted by miR-429. The expression levels of these genes and miR-429 were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, 109 DMRs were confirmed using additional public datasets. The regulatory pathways SOX5-NEDD4L/PBX3, miR429-GNAQ/ANLN—RHOA, and miR429-ANLN—KIF11 may participate in the progression of the androgen-independent phenotype in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Tingting Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Wangqiang Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Binghua Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Meijie Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, ShangCai Village, Ouhai District of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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15
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Wierinckx A, Roche M, Legras-Lachuer C, Trouillas J, Raverot G, Lachuer J. MicroRNAs in pituitary tumors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 456:51-61. [PMID: 28089822 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Since the presence of microRNAs was first observed in normal pituitary, the majority of scientific publications addressing their role and the function of microRNAs in the pituitary have been based on pituitary tumor studies. In this review, we briefly describe the involvement of microRNAs in the synthesis of pituitary hormones and we present a comprehensive inventory of microRNA suppressors and inducers of pituitary tumors. Finally, we summarize the functional role of microRNAs in tumorigenesis, progression and aggressiveness of pituitary tumors, mechanisms contributing to the regulation (transcription factors, genomic modifications or epigenetic) or modulation (pharmacological treatment) of microRNAs in these tumors, and the interest of thoroughly studying the expression of miRNAs in body fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Wierinckx
- Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; Institut Universitaire de Technologie Lyon1, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; INSERM U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; CNRS UMR 5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; ProfileXpert, SFR-Est, CNRS UMR-S3453, INSERM US7, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| | | | - Catherine Legras-Lachuer
- Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; ProfileXpert, SFR-Est, CNRS UMR-S3453, INSERM US7, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; ViroScan3D, F-01600 Trévoux, France; UMR CNRS 5557 UCBL USC INRA 1193 ENVL, Dynamique Microbienne et Transmission Virale, F-69100 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Jacqueline Trouillas
- Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; Centre de Pathologie Est, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron F-69677, France
| | - Gérald Raverot
- Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; INSERM U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; CNRS UMR 5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; Fédération d'Endocrinologie, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, F-69677, France Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Joël Lachuer
- Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; Institut Universitaire de Technologie Lyon1, Université de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; INSERM U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; CNRS UMR 5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; ProfileXpert, SFR-Est, CNRS UMR-S3453, INSERM US7, F-69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
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16
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Hu J, Tian J, Zhu S, Sun L, Yu J, Tian H, Dong Q, Luo Q, Jiang N, Niu Y, Shang Z. Sox5 contributes to prostate cancer metastasis and is a master regulator of TGF-β-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition through controlling Twist1 expression. Br J Cancer 2017; 118:88-97. [PMID: 29123266 PMCID: PMC5765224 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is one of the main contributors to the death of prostate cancer patients. To date, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying mCRPC are unclear. Given the crucial role of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer metastasis, we aimed to analyse the expression and function of Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signal-associated protein named Sox5 in mCRPC. Methods: The protein expression levels were analysed by western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation were employed to validate the target of Sox5. The effect of Smad3/Sox5/Twist1 on PCa progression was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Results: Here, we found that TGF-β-induced EMT was accompanied by increased Sox5 expression. Interestingly, knockdown of Sox5 expression attenuated EMT induced by TGF-β signalling. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Smad3 could bind to the promoter of Sox5 and regulate its expression. Mechanistically, Sox5 could bind to Twist1 promoter and active Twist1, which initiated EMT. Importantly, knockdown of Sox5 in prostate cancer cells resulted in less of the mesenchymal phenotype and cell migration ability. Furthermore, targeting Sox5 could inhibit prostate cancer progression in a xenograft mouse model. In clinic, patients with high Sox5 expression were more likely to suffer from metastases, and high Sox5 expression also has a lower progression-free survival and cancer specific-survival in clinic database. Conclusions: Therefore, we propose a new mechanism in which Smad3/Sox5/Twist1 promotes EMT and contributes to PCa progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Hu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China.,Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Shimiao Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Libin Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China.,Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jianpeng Yu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Hao Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Qian Dong
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Zhiqun Shang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Rd 23#, Hexi District, Tianjin 300211, China
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17
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SOX5 predicts poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma and promotes tumor metastasis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncotarget 2017. [PMID: 29541384 PMCID: PMC5834284 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotes lung cancer progression and metastasis, especially in lung adenocarcinoma. Sex determining region Y-box protein 5 (SOX5) is known to stimulate the progression of various cancers. Here, we used immunohistochemical analysis to reveal that SOX5 levels were increased in 90 lung adenocarcinoma patients. The high SOX5 expression in lung adenocarcinoma and non-tumor counterparts correlated with the patients’ poor prognosis. Inhibiting SOX5 expression attenuated metastasis and progression in lung cancer cells, while over-expressing SOX5 accelerated lung adenocarcinoma progression and metastasis via EMT. An in vivo zebrafish xenograft cancer model also showed SOX5 knockdown was followed by reduced lung cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Our results indicate SOX5 promotes lung adenocarcinoma tumorigenicity and can be a novel diagnosis and prognosis marker of the disease.
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18
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Guo J, Cai H, Zheng J, Liu X, Liu Y, Ma J, Que Z, Gong W, Gao Y, Tao W, Xue Y. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 regulates permeability of the blood-tumor barrier via miR-181d-5p-mediated expression changes in ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:2240-2254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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19
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Alekseyenko AA, Walsh EM, Wang X, Grayson AR, Hsi PT, Kharchenko PV, Kuroda MI, French CA. The oncogenic BRD4-NUT chromatin regulator drives aberrant transcription within large topological domains. Genes Dev 2015. [PMID: 26220994 PMCID: PMC4526735 DOI: 10.1101/gad.267583.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
NUT midline carcinoma (NMC), a subtype of squamous cell cancer, is one of the most aggressive human solid malignancies known. NMC is driven by the creation of a translocation oncoprotein, BRD4-NUT, which blocks differentiation and drives growth of NMC cells. BRD4-NUT forms distinctive nuclear foci in patient tumors, which we found correlate with ∼100 unprecedented, hyperacetylated expanses of chromatin that reach up to 2 Mb in size. These "megadomains" appear to be the result of aberrant, feed-forward loops of acetylation and binding of acetylated histones that drive transcription of underlying DNA in NMC patient cells and naïve cells induced to express BRD4-NUT. Megadomain locations are typically cell lineage-specific; however, the cMYC and TP63 regions are targeted in all NMCs tested and play functional roles in tumor growth. Megadomains appear to originate from select pre-existing enhancers that progressively broaden but are ultimately delimited by topologically associating domain (TAD) boundaries. Therefore, our findings establish a basis for understanding the powerful role played by large-scale chromatin organization in normal and aberrant lineage-specific gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artyom A Alekseyenko
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Erica M Walsh
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Adlai R Grayson
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Peter T Hsi
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Peter V Kharchenko
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; Hematology/Oncology Program, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Mitzi I Kuroda
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Christopher A French
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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20
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Shiseki M, Masuda A, Yoshinaga K, Mori N, Okada M, Motoji T, Tanaka J. Identification of the SOX5 gene as a novel IGH-involved translocation partner in BCL2-negative follicular lymphoma with t(12;14)(p12.2;q32). Int J Hematol 2015; 102:633-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-015-1823-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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SOX5 promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cell invasion via regulation of Twist1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Med Oncol 2015; 32:461. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0461-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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22
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Zhang J, Wang L, Zhang Y, Li L, Tang S, Xing C, Kim SH, Jiang C, Lü J. Chemopreventive effect of Korean Angelica root extract on TRAMP carcinogenesis and integrative "omic" profiling of affected neuroendocrine carcinomas. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54:1567-83. [PMID: 25307620 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN) root ethanol extract exerts anti-cancer activity in several allograft and xenograft models. Here we examined its chemopreventive efficacy through gavage administration against primary carcinogenesis in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) model. Male C57BL/6 TRAMP mice and wild type littermates were given a daily gavage (5 mg/mouse, Monday-Friday) of AGN or vehicle, beginning at 8 wk of age (WOA). All mice were terminated at 24 WOA, unless earlier euthanasia was necessitated by large tumors. Whereas AGN-treated TRAMP mice decreased dorsolateral prostate lesion growth by 30% (P = 0.009), they developed fewer and smaller neuroendocrine-carcinomas (NE-Ca) (0.12 g/mouse) than vehicle-treated counterparts (0.81 g/mouse, P = 0.037). We analyzed the proteome and transcriptome of banked NE-Ca to gain molecular insights. Angiogenesis-antibody array detected a substantial reduction in AGN-treated NE-Ca of basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), an angiogenesis stimulator. iTRAQ proteomics plus data mining suggested changes of genes upstream and downstream of FGF2 functionally consistent with AGN inhibiting FGF2/FGFR1 signaling at different levels of the transduction cascade. Moreover, AGN upregulated mRNA of genes related to immune responses, restored expression of many tumor suppressor genes, and prostate function and muscle differentiation genes. On the other hand, AGN down-regulated mRNA of genes related to neuron signaling, oncofetal antigens, inflammation, and mast cells, Wnt signaling, embryonic morphogenesis, biosynthesis, cell adhesion, motility, invasion, and angiogenesis. These changes suggest not only multiple cancer cell targeting actions of AGN but also impact on the tumor microenvironments such as angiogenesis, inflammation, and immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas
| | - Lei Wang
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas
| | - Li Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas
| | - Suni Tang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center and Institute, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas
| | - Junxuan Lü
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Pharmacy, Amarillo, Texas
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23
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Renjie W, Haiqian L. MiR-132, miR-15a and miR-16 synergistically inhibit pituitary tumor cell proliferation, invasion and migration by targeting Sox5. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:568-78. [PMID: 25305447 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MiR-132, miR-15a and miR-16 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of many types of cancer, including pituitary tumors. However, the molecular mechanism of these miRNAs in pituitary tumor growth and metastasis is still unclear. Here, we showed that miR-132 and miR-15a/16 were less expressed in pituitary tumor cell lines, as well as in invasive pituitary tumor tissues, compared to non-invasive tumor tissues. We described that overexpression of miR-132 and miR-15a/16 resulted in the suppression of pituitary tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, respectively, and also inhibits the expression of proteins involved in Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Then, we show that these miRNAs synergistically target Sox5 in pituitary tumor. Moreover, we found that Sox5 overexpression partially rescued miR-132, miR-15a and miR-16-mediated inhibition of cell migration, invasion and cell growth. Finally, we confirmed that Sox5 was upregulated in invasive pituitary tumor tissues, compared to non-invasion tissues. In conclusion, our data indicate that miR-132 and miR-15a/16 act as tumor suppressor genes in pituitary tumor by directly targetting Sox5, and imply that these miRNAs have potential as therapeutic targets for invasive pituitary tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Renjie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Pingjing Hosipital, Logistics College of Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Haiqian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pingjing Hosipital, Logistics College of Armed Police Forces, No220, Chenglin Road, Tianjin 300162, China.
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24
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Edwards SKE, Desai A, Liu Y, Moore CR, Xie P. Expression and function of a novel isoform of Sox5 in malignant B cells. Leuk Res 2013; 38:393-401. [PMID: 24418753 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Using a mouse model with the tumor suppressor TRAF3 deleted from B cells, we identified Sox5 as a gene strikingly up-regulated in B lymphomas. Sox5 proteins were not detected in normal or premalignant TRAF3(-/-) B cells even after treatment with B cell stimuli. The Sox5 expressed in TRAF3(-/-) B lymphomas represents a novel isoform of Sox5, and was localized in the nucleus of malignant B cells. Overexpression of Sox5 inhibited cell cycle progression, and up-regulated the protein levels of p27 and β-catenin in human multiple myeloma cells. Together, our findings indicate that Sox5 regulates the proliferation of malignant B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanique K E Edwards
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States; Graduate Program in Molecular Biosciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Anand Desai
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Carissa R Moore
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, United States.
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25
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Takamaru H, Yamamoto E, Suzuki H, Nojima M, Maruyama R, Yamano HO, Yoshikawa K, Kimura T, Harada T, Ashida M, Suzuki R, Yamamoto H, Kai M, Tokino T, Sugai T, Imai K, Toyota M, Shinomura Y. Aberrant methylation of RASGRF1 is associated with an epigenetic field defect and increased risk of gastric cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2012; 5:1203-12. [PMID: 22961779 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-12-0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation is implicated in the epigenetic field defect seen in gastric cancer. Our aim in this study was to identify predictive biomarkers by screening for DNA methylation in noncancerous background gastric mucosa from patients with gastric cancer. Using methylated-CpG island amplification coupled with CpG island microarray (MCAM) analysis, we identified 224 genes that were methylated in the noncancerous gastric mucosa of patients with gastric cancer. Among them, RASGRF1 methylation was significantly elevated in gastric mucosa from patients with either intestinal or diffuse type gastric cancer, as compared with mucosa from healthy individuals (8.3% vs. 22.4%, P < 0.001; 8.3% vs. 19.4%, P < 0.001). RASGRF1 methylation was independent of mucosal atrophy and could be used to distinguish both serum pepsinogen test-positive [sensitivity, 70.0%; specificity, 86.7%; area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, AUC, 0.763] and -negative patients with gastric cancer (sensitivity, 72.2%; specificity, 87.0%; AUC, 0.844) from healthy individuals. Ectopic expression of RASGRF1 suppressed colony formation and Matrigel invasion by gastric cancer cells, suggesting it may be involved in gastric tumorigenesis. Collectively, our data suggest that RASGRF1 methylation is significantly involved in an epigenetic field defect in the stomach, and that it could be a useful biomarker to identify individuals at high risk for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Takamaru
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sapporo Medical University, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo, Japan
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26
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Wang L, Tsutsumi S, Kawaguchi T, Nagasaki K, Tatsuno K, Yamamoto S, Sang F, Sonoda K, Sugawara M, Saiura A, Hirono S, Yamaue H, Miki Y, Isomura M, Totoki Y, Nagae G, Isagawa T, Ueda H, Murayama-Hosokawa S, Shibata T, Sakamoto H, Kanai Y, Kaneda A, Noda T, Aburatani H. Whole-exome sequencing of human pancreatic cancers and characterization of genomic instability caused by MLH1 haploinsufficiency and complete deficiency. Genome Res 2011; 22:208-19. [PMID: 22156295 DOI: 10.1101/gr.123109.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Whole-exome sequencing (Exome-seq) has been successfully applied in several recent studies. We here sequenced the exomes of 15 pancreatic tumor cell lines and their matched normal samples. We captured 162,073 exons of 16,954 genes and sequenced the targeted regions to a mean coverage of 56-fold. This study identified a total of 1517 somatic mutations and validated 934 mutations by transcriptome sequencing. We detected recurrent mutations in 56 genes. Among them, 41 have not been described. The mutation rates varied widely among cell lines. The diversity of the mutation rates was significantly correlated with the distinct MLH1 copy-number status. Exome-seq revealed intensive genomic instability in a cell line with MLH1 homozygous deletion, indicated by a dramatically elevated rate of somatic substitutions, small insertions/deletions (indels), as well as indels in microsatellites. Notably, we found that MLH1 expression was decreased by nearly half in cell lines with an allelic loss of MLH1. While these cell lines were negative in conventional microsatellite instability assay, they showed a 10.5-fold increase in the rate of somatic indels, e.g., truncating indels in TP53 and TGFBR2, indicating MLH1 haploinsufficiency in the correction of DNA indel errors. We further analyzed the exomes of 15 renal cell carcinomas and confirmed MLH1 haploinsufficiency. We observed a much higher rate of indel mutations in the affected cases and identified recurrent truncating indels in several cancer genes such as VHL, PBRM1, and JARID1C. Together, our data suggest that MLH1 hemizygous deletion, through increasing the rate of indel mutations, could drive the development and progression of sporadic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghua Wang
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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Lee J, Lee E, Kwon D, Lim Y, Oh S, Oh M, Hong E. Up-regulation of cancer-related genes in HepG2 cells by TCDD requires PRMT I and IV. Mol Cell Toxicol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-010-0017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Lefebvre V. The SoxD transcription factors--Sox5, Sox6, and Sox13--are key cell fate modulators. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2009; 42:429-32. [PMID: 19647094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Sox5, Sox6, and Sox13 constitute the group D of sex-determining region (Sry)-related transcription factors. They are highly conserved in the family-specific high-mobility-group (HMG) box DNA-binding domain and in a group-specific coiled-coil domain. The latter mediates SoxD protein dimerization and thereby preferential binding to pairs of DNA recognition sites. The SoxD genes have overlapping expression and cell-autonomously control discrete lineages. Sox5 and Sox6 redundantly enhance chondrogenesis, but retard gliogenesis. Sox5 hinders melanogenesis, promotes neural crest generation, and controls the pace of neurogenesis. Sox6 promotes erythropoiesis, and Sox13 modulates T cell specification and is an autoimmune antigen. SoxD proteins enhance transactivation by Sox9 in chondrocytes, but antagonize Sox9 and other SoxE proteins in oligodendrocytes and melanocytes, and also repress transcription through various mechanisms in several other lineages. While their biological and molecular functions remain incompletely understood, the SoxD proteins have thus already proven that they critically modulate cell fate in major lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Lefebvre
- Department of Cell Biology and Orthopaedic Research Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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