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Afzal SM, Vafa A, Rashid S, Barnwal P, Shahid A, Shree A, Islam J, Ali N, Sultana S. Protective effect of hesperidin against N,N'-dimethylhydrazine induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic response in the colon of Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 36:642-653. [PMID: 33289288 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hesperidin (HD), a citrus bioflavonoid possesses a variety of biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-carcinogenic properties. In the present study, we investigated the effect of HD treatment on N,N'-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and goblet cell disintegration in the colon of Wistar rats. Administration of HD was done at two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) orally to rats daily for 14 days followed by a single subcutaneous injection of DMH (40 mg/kg body weight) on the 14th day and next day animals were sacrificed. The protective potential of HD against colon toxicity was measured through membrane oxidation, antioxidant status, inflammatory and apoptotic markers expression, and histological changes. Results demonstrated that HD inhibited DMH mediated oxidative damage by diminishing the level of peroxidation of lipids and increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase, and glutathione reductase. Moreover, HD attenuated inflammatory (NF-кB, IL-6, and COX-2) and apoptotic (p38-MAPK, p53, and caspase-3) markers expression. HD also attenuated the DMH induced goblet cell disintegration and restored histoarchitecture of the colon. The results of the present study demonstrate that HD efficiently protects against DMH induced colon toxicity by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekh Mohammad Afzal
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul Vafa
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Preeti Barnwal
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ayaz Shahid
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Alpa Shree
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Johirul Islam
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nemat Ali
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Ramos Caetano BF, Baptista Tablas M, Ribeiro Romualdo G, Marchesan Rodrigues MA, Barbisan LF. Early molecular events associated with liver and colon sub-acute responses to 1,2-dimethylhydrazine: Potential implications on preneoplastic and neoplastic lesion development. Toxicol Lett 2020; 329:67-79. [PMID: 32387197 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study unveiled the early cellular and molecular events induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in the colon and liver and their implications on pre- and neoplastic lesion burden in a late timepoint. Male Wistar rats received four DMH injections (40 mg/kg body weight) for 2 weeks and were sacrificed 24 h (short-term study) or 22 (medium-term study) weeks after the last DMH administration. In the short-term study, DMH led to increased leukocyte (comet assay) and colon (H2AX) genotoxicity, enhanced proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptosis (caspase-3) indexes in both liver and colon. Furthermore, the expression of mRNA (Cat, Gsta1, Gsta2, Gpx1, Gstm1, Sod1, Sod2 and Sod3) and the activity of antioxidant agents were diminished in the colon and liver of DMH-induced rats, eliciting an environment of oxidative stress featuring elevated lipid hydroperoxide levels. Apoptosis effectors were upregulated in the liver (Bax, Casp3 and Fas), and developmental genes were downregulated in both colon and liver (Foxa1, Foxa2, Smad2 and Smad4). In the medium-term study, DMH led to a high number of preneoplastic colonic aberrant crypt foci and tumors (adenomas and invasive adenocarcinomas) but few preneoplastic hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST-P)-positive foci. Our novel gene expression data highlights overlooked mechanisms in the liver (main metabolizing organ) and colon (main target organ) on toxicity and carcinogenesis induced by repeated doses of DMH, as both organs should be considered in further interventions on the initiation stage of colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana Baptista Tablas
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Ribeiro Romualdo
- Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luís Fernando Barbisan
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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Venkatachalam K, Vinayagam R, Arokia Vijaya Anand M, Isa NM, Ponnaiyan R. Biochemical and molecular aspects of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis: a review. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:2-18. [PMID: 32440334 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) is a member in the class of hydrazines, strong DNA alkylating agent, naturally present in cycads. DMH is widely used as a carcinogen to induce colon cancer in animal models. Exploration of DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in rodent models provides the knowledge to perceive the biochemical, molecular, and histological mechanisms of different stages of colon carcinogenesis. The procarcinogen DMH, after a series of metabolic reactions, finally reaches the colon, there produces the ultimate carcinogen and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which further alkylate the DNA and initiate the development of colon carcinogenesis. The preneolpastic lesions and histopathological observations of DMH-induced colon tumors may provide typical understanding about the disease in rodents and humans. In addition, this review discusses about the action of biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes involved in DMH intoxication. This understanding is essential to accurately identify and interpret alterations that occur in the colonic mucosa when evaluating natural or pharmacological compounds in DMH-induced animal colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikkumar Venkatachalam
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain-17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ramachandran Vinayagam
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632 115, India
| | | | - Nurulfiza Mat Isa
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rajasekar Ponnaiyan
- Department of Zoology, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620020, India
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Lori G, Paoli P, Femia AP, Pranzini E, Caselli A, Tortora K, Romagnoli A, Raugei G, Caderni G. Morin-dependent inhibition of low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) restores sensitivity to apoptosis during colon carcinogenesis: Studies in vitro and in vivo, in an Apc-driven model of colon cancer. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:686-698. [PMID: 30582224 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
LMW-PTP has been associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and with the resistance to chemotherapy in cancer cells. To clarify its role in vivo, we studied LMW-PTP expression in Pirc rats (F344/NTac-Apc am1137 ), genetically prone to CRC and resistant to apoptosis. In the morphologically normal mucosa (NM) of Pirc rats, a dramatic over-expression of LMW-PTP was found compared to wt rats (about 60 times higher). Moreover, LMW-PTP levels further increase in spontaneously developed Pirc colon tumors. To understand if and how LMW-PTP affects resistance to apoptosis, we studied CRC cell lines, sensitive (HT29 and HCT-116), or resistant (HT29R, HCT116R) to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU): resistant cells over-express LMW-PTP. When resistant cells were challenged with morin, a polyphenol inhibiting LMW-PTP, a fast and dose-related down-regulation of LMW-PTP was observed. 5-FU and morin co-treatment dramatically decreased cell viability, increased apoptosis, and significantly impaired self-renewal ability of all the cancer cell lines we have studied. Similarly, we observed that, in Pirc rats, one-week morin administration (50 mg/kg) down-regulated LMW-PTP and restored the apoptotic response to 5-FU in the NM. Finally, administration of morin for a longer period led to a significant reduction in colon precancerous lesions, together with a down-regulation of LMW-PTP. Taken together, these results document the involvement of LMW-PTP in the process of CRC in vitro and in vivo. Morin treatment may be envisaged as a system to increase the sensitivity to chemotherapy and to prevent carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Lori
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences"Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences"Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Angelo Pietro Femia
- NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Erica Pranzini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences"Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Caselli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences"Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Katia Tortora
- NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Romagnoli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanni Raugei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences"Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanna Caderni
- NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Lu NT, Liu NM, Patel D, Vu JQ, Liu L, Kim CY, Cho P, Khachatoorian R, Patel N, Magyar CE, Ganapathy E, Arumugaswami V, Dasgupta A, French SW. Oncoprotein Stathmin Modulates Sensitivity to Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells During Hepatitis C Viral Replication. J Cell Death 2018; 11:1179066018785141. [PMID: 30034249 PMCID: PMC6047100 DOI: 10.1177/1179066018785141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection risk complications of
cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previously, our
proteomic examination of hepatocytes carrying a HCV-replicon revealed that
deregulation of cytoskeletal dynamics may be a potential mechanism of
viral-induced HCC growth. Here, we demonstrate the effect of HCV replication on
the microtubule regulator stathmin (STMN1) in HCC cells. We further explore how
the altered activity or synthesis of stathmin affects cellular proliferation and
sensitivity to apoptosis in control HCC cells (Huh7.5) and experimental
HCV-replicon harboring HCC cells (R-Huh7.5). The HCV-replicon harboring HCC
cells (R-Huh 7.5) lack viral structural genes/proteins for acute infectivity and
thus is the standard model for in vitro chronic infection study. Knockdown of
endogenous stathmin reduced sensitivity to apoptosis in replicon cells.
Meanwhile, constitutively active stathmin increased sensitivity to apoptosis in
replicon cells. In addition, overexpression of constitutively active stathmin
reduced cell proliferation in both control and replicon cells. These findings
implicate, for the first time, a novel role for stathmin in viral
replication–related apoptosis. Stathmin’s potential role in HCV replication and
HCC make it a candidate for the future study of viral-induced malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nu T Lu
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Natalie M Liu
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Darshil Patel
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James Q Vu
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Liu
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chae Yeon Kim
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Cho
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ronik Khachatoorian
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nikita Patel
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Clara E Magyar
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ekambaram Ganapathy
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Surgery and Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Asim Dasgupta
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Samuel Wheeler French
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Tortora K, Femia AP, Romagnoli A, Sineo I, Khatib M, Mulinacci N, Giovannelli L, Caderni G. Pomegranate By-Products in Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention: Effects in Apc-Mutated Pirc Rats and Mechanistic Studies In Vitro and Ex Vivo. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 28948694 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE To investigate the effect of pomegranate mesocarp, a polyphenol-rich by-product of juice production, in colorectal cancer (CRC) chemoprevention. METHODS AND RESULTS A mesocarp decoction (PMD) is administered for 6 weeks in the diet to Pirc rats, mutated in Apc, a key-gene in CRC. Mucin-depleted foci (MDFs), as CRC biomarkers, are reduced in PMD-fed rats compared to controls (MDF/colon: 34 ± 4 versus 47 ± 3, p = 0.02). There is an increase in apoptosis in MDFs from PMD-treated rats compared to controls (2.5 ± 0.2 versus 1.6 ± 0.2, p < 0.01). To elucidate the involved mechanisms, two colon-relevant metabolites of the polyphenolic and fiber PMD components, urolithin-A (u-A) and sodium butyrate (SB), are tested alone or in combination in vitro (colon cancer cells), and ex vivo in adenoma (AD) and normal mucosa (NM) from Pirc rats. u-A 25 μm plus SB 2.5 mm (USB) causes a significant reduction in COX-2 protein expression compared to untreated controls (about -70% in cancer cell cultures, AD, and NM), and a strong increase in C-CASP-3 expression in cells (about ten times), in AD and NM (+74 and +69%). CONCLUSION These data indicate a chemopreventive activity of PMD due, at least in part, to pro-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory action of its metabolites that could be exploited in high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Tortora
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Angelo Pietro Femia
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Romagnoli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Irene Sineo
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mohamad Khatib
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Nadia Mulinacci
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Giovannelli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giovanna Caderni
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Astragali radix: could it be an adjuvant for oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy? Sci Rep 2017; 7:42021. [PMID: 28186109 PMCID: PMC5301199 DOI: 10.1038/srep42021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxicity is a major side effect of platinum derivatives both during and after treatment. In the absence of effective pharmacological compounds, the opportunity to identify safe adjuvant treatments among medicinal plants seems appropriate. Astragali radix is an adaptogenic herbal product recently analyzed in platinum-treated cancer patients. With the aim of evaluating the anti-neuropathic profile of Astragali radix, a previously characterized aqueous (Aqu) and two hydroalcoholic (20%HA and 50%HA) extracts were tested in a rat model of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy. Repeated administrations significantly reduced oxaliplatin-dependent hypersensitivity with 50%HA, the most effective, fully preventing mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity. Ex vivo, 50%HA reduced morphometric and molecular alterations induced by oxaliplatin in peripheral nerve and dorsal-root-ganglia. In the spinal cord and in brain areas, 50%HA significantly decreased activation of microglia and astrocytes. Furthermore, 50%HA prevented the nephro- and hepato-toxicity induced by the anticancer drug. The protective effect of 50%HA did not alter oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis in colon tumors of Pirc rats, an Apc-driven model of colon carcinogenesis. The hydroalcoholic extract (50%HA) of Astragali radix relieves pain and promotes the rescue mechanisms that protect nervous tissue from the damages triggering chronic pain. A safe profile strongly suggests the usefulness of this natural product in oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy.
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Femia AP, Soares PV, Luceri C, Lodovici M, Giannini A, Caderni G. Sulindac, 3,3'-diindolylmethane and curcumin reduce carcinogenesis in the Pirc rat, an Apc-driven model of colon carcinogenesis. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:611. [PMID: 26335331 PMCID: PMC4559292 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1627-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, we showed that Sulindac (SU; 320 ppm) reduces precancerous lesions in the colon of Pirc rats, mutated in the Apc gene. Surprisingly, previous data in Apc-mutated mice showed that SU, with reported efficacy in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), increases colon carcinogenesis. Therefore, we assessed the effect of SU 320 ppm in a long-term carcinogenesis experiment in Pirc rats. Moreover, since side effects of SU hamper its chronic use and a combination of drugs could be more effective and less toxic than single agents, we also studied whether two natural compounds, 3,3’-diindolylmethane (DIM; 250 ppm) and curcumin (CUR; 2000 ppm), with or without lower doses of SU could affect carcinogenesis Methods Pirc rats were fed an AIN76 diet containing SU, DIM and CUR and sacrificed at 8 months of age to measure intestinal tumours. Apoptosis and proliferation in the normal colon mucosa, as well as gene expression profile were studied Results Colon tumours were significantly reduced by SU 320 ppm (62 % reduction over Controls), by DIM and CUR without or with SU 80 and 160 ppm (50, 53 and 58 % reduction, respectively) but not by SU 80 ppm alone. Total tumours (colon and small intestine) were reduced by SU (80 and 320 ppm) and by DIM and CUR. Apoptosis in the normal mucosa was significantly increased by SU 320 ppm, and slightly increased by DIM and CUR with or without SU. A slight reduction in Survivin-Birc5 expression was observed with all the treatments compared to Controls. Proliferative activity was not varied Conclusions The results on SU reinforce the validity of Pirc rats to identify chemopreventive products. Moreover, the efficacy of the DIM and CUR combination to lower colon tumours, suggests an alternative strategy to be exploited in patients at risk. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1627-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Pietro Femia
- NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 6 Viale Pieraccini, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - Paulo Victoria Soares
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Luceri
- NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 6 Viale Pieraccini, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - Maura Lodovici
- NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 6 Viale Pieraccini, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - Augusto Giannini
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Prato, Prato, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Caderni
- NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 6 Viale Pieraccini, 50139, Florence, Italy.
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Femia AP, Luceri C, Soares PV, Lodovici M, Caderni G. Multiple mucin depleted foci, high proliferation and low apoptotic response in the onset of colon carcinogenesis of the PIRC rat, mutated inApc. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:E488-95. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Pietro Femia
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology; NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence; 6 Viale Pieraccini 50139 Florence Italy
| | - Cristina Luceri
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology; NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence; 6 Viale Pieraccini 50139 Florence Italy
| | - Paulo Victoria Soares
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine; Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo Brasil
| | - Maura Lodovici
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology; NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence; 6 Viale Pieraccini 50139 Florence Italy
| | - Giovanna Caderni
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology; NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence; 6 Viale Pieraccini 50139 Florence Italy
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Femia AP, Raimondi L, Maglieri G, Lodovici M, Mannucci E, Caderni G. Long-term treatment with Sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, reduces colon carcinogenesis and reactive oxygen species in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rats. Int J Cancer 2013; 133:2498-503. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Pietro Femia
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology; NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence; Florence; Italy
| | - Laura Raimondi
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology; NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence; Florence; Italy
| | - Giulia Maglieri
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology; NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence; Florence; Italy
| | - Maura Lodovici
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology; NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence; Florence; Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Caderni
- Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology; NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence; Florence; Italy
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11
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Khan R, Khan AQ, Lateef A, Rehman MU, Tahir M, Ali F, Hamiza OO, Sultana S. Glycyrrhizic acid suppresses the development of precancerous lesions via regulating the hyperproliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis and apoptosis in the colon of Wistar rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56020. [PMID: 23457494 PMCID: PMC3573076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colon carcinogenesis is a multistep process and it emanates from a series of molecular and histopathological alterations. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is a natural and major pentacyclic triterpenoid glycoside of licorice roots extracts. It has several pharmacological and biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anti-cancer. In the present study, we investigated the chemopreventive potential of GA against 1,2-dimethyhydrazine (DMH)-induced precancerous lesions i.e., aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and mucin depleted foci (MDF), and its role in regulating the hyperproliferation, inflammation, angiogenesis and apoptosis in the colon of Wistar rats. Methods Animals were divided into 5 groups. In group III, IV and V, GA was administered at the dose of 15 mg/kg b. wt. orally while in group II, III and IV, DMH was administered subcutaneously in the groin at the dose of 20 mg/kg b.wt once a week for first 5 weeks and animals were euthanized after 9 weeks. Results GA supplementation suppressed the development of precancerous lesions and it also reduced the infiltration of mast cells, suppressed the immunostaining of Ki-67, NF-kB-p65, COX-2, iNOS and VEGF while enhanced the immunostaining of p53, connexin-43, caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3. GA treatment significantly attenuated the level of TNF-α and it also reduced the depletion of the mucous layer as well as attenuated the shifting of sialomucin to sulphomucin. Conclusion Our findings suggest that GA has strong chemopreventive potential against DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis but further studies are warranted to elucidate the precise mechanism of action of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehan Khan
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Quaiyoom Khan
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Lateef
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Muneeb U. Rehman
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Mir Tahir
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Farrah Ali
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Oday O. Hamiza
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarwat Sultana
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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