1
|
Goldfarb M. Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors: canonical and non-canonical mechanisms of action. J Physiol 2024; 602:4097-4110. [PMID: 39083261 DOI: 10.1113/jp286313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery nearly 30 years ago, fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs) are now known to control the functionality of excitable tissues through a range of mechanisms. Nervous and cardiac system dysfunctions are caused by loss- or gain-of-function mutations in FHF genes. The best understood 'canonical' targets for FHF action are voltage-gated sodium channels, and recent studies have expanded the repertoire of ways that FHFs modulate sodium channel gating. Additional 'non-canonical' functions of FHFs in excitable and non-excitable cells, including cancer cells, have been reported over the past dozen years. This review summarizes and evaluates reported canonical and non-canonical FHF functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Goldfarb
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of City University, New York, New York, USA
- Biology Program, The Graduate Center City University, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rejali L, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Valle L, Maghsoudloo M, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Mohammadpoor H, Zali MR, Khanabadi B, Entezari M, Hushmandi K, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. Identification of antisense and sense RNAs of intracrine fibroblast growth factor components as novel biomarkers in colorectal cancer and in silico studies for drug and nanodrug repurposing. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117117. [PMID: 37805185 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant tumors and in which various efforts for screening is inconclusive.The intracrine FGF panel, the non-tyrosine kinase receptors (NTKR) FGFs and affiliated antisenses play a pivotal role in FGF signaling.The expression levels of coding and non-coding intracrine FGFs were assessed in CRC donors.Also, substantial costs and slow pace of drug discovery give high attraction to repurpose of previously discovered drugs to new opportunities. OBJECTIVES The aim of present study was to evaluate the potential role of the coding and non-coding intracrine FGFs as a new biomarkers for CRC cases and defining drug repurposing to alleviate FGF down regulation. METHODS RNA-seq data of colon adenocarcinomas (COAD) was downloaded using TCGA biolinks package in R.The DrugBank database (https://go.drugbank.com/) was used to extract interactions between drugs and candidate genes. A total of 200 CRC patients with detailed criteria were enrolled.RNAs were extracted with TRIzol-based protocol and amplified via LightCycler® instrument.FGF11 and FGF13 proteins validation was performed by used of immunohistochemistry technique in tumor and non-tumoral samples.Pearson's correlation analysis and ROC curve plotted by Prism 8.0 software. RESULTS RNA-seq data from TCGA was analyzed by normalizing with edgeR.Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis was generated. WCC algorithm extracted the most significant genes with a total of 47 genes. Expression elevation of iFGF antisenses (12AS,13As,14AS) compared with the normal colon tissue were observed (P = 0.0003,P = 0.042,P = 0.026, respectively). Moreover,a significant decrease in expression of the corresponding sense iFGF genes was detected (P < 0.0001).Plotted receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for iFGF components' expression showed an area of over 0.70 (FGF11-13: 0.71% and FGF12-14: 0.78%, P < 0.001) for sense mRNA expression, with the highest sensitivity for FGF12 (92.8%) and lowest for FGF11 (61.41%).The artificial intelligence (AI) revealed the valproic acid as a repurposing drug to relief the down regulation of FGF12 and 13 in CRC patients. CONCLUSION Intracrine FGFs panel was down regulated versus up regulation of dependent antisenses. Thus, developing novel biomarkers based on iFGF can be considered as a promising strategy for CRC screening.In advanced, valporic acid detected by AI as a repurposing drug which may be applied in clinical trials for CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leili Rejali
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laura Valle
- Hereditary Cancer Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Program in Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology (Oncobell), IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mazaher Maghsoudloo
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Mohammadpoor
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Binazir Khanabadi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Centre, Farhikhtegan Hospital, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty Of Veterinary Medicine, University Of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Centre, Farhikhtegan Hospital, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Centre, Farhikhtegan Hospital, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Elnaggar M, Chaisuparat R, Ghita I, Bentzen SM, Dyalram D, Ord RA, Lubek JE, Younis RH. Immuno-oncologic signature of malignant transformation in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2023; 136:612-622. [PMID: 37739913 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to identify the immuno-oncologic (IO) signature at the surgical tumor margin (TM) of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that is involved in the process of malignant transformation. STUDY DESIGN Under institutional review board approval, TM of 73 OSCC were investigated using immunohistochemistry for the immune biomarker, programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). NanoString 770 IO-focused gene set was analyzed in 5 pairs of TM and invasive tumor (T). PD-L1 regulation in response to interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) was investigated in an oral potentially malignant cell line (OPMC). RESULTS Programmed death ligand-1 expression in the epithelial margin directly correlated with its expression in the underlying immune cells (P = .0082). Differential gene expression showed downregulation of PD-L1 and IFN-γ 6 gene signature in the TM relative to T pair.CD8 and macrophages were higher in TM. CNTFR, LYZ, C7, RORC, and FGF13 downregulation in T relative to TM. TDO2, ADAM12, MMP1, LAMC2, MB21D1, TYMP, OASL, COL5A1, exhausted_CD8, Tregs,and NK_CD56dim were upregulated in T relative to TM. Finally, IFN-γ induced upregulation of PD-L1 in the OPMC. CONCLUSIONS Our work suggests a role for IFN-γ in PD-L1 upregulation in OPMC and presents novel IO transcriptional signatures for frankly invasive OSCC relative to TM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manar Elnaggar
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab Academy for Science and Technology, El Alamein, Egypt
| | - Risa Chaisuparat
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ioana Ghita
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Soren M Bentzen
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Biostatistics Core, Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA; Biostatistics Division, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Donita Dyalram
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA; Head and Neck Surgery Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert A Ord
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA; Head and Neck Surgery Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua E Lubek
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA; Head and Neck Surgery Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rania H Younis
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Division of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, UMB, Maryland, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Han D, Guan L, Zhang Y, Yang H, Si L, Jia T, Wu Y, Lv K, Song T, Yang G. FGF13A interacts with NPM1 and UBF and inhibits the invasion of bladder cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 678:1-10. [PMID: 37603967 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) invasion is a critical factor that impacts the prognosis and quality of life of patients. However, the underlying mechanisms of BC invasion is far from clear. Fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13), a non-secretory FGF, has been found to be ectopically expressed in various tumors and implicated in tumor development, but its potential association to BC has not been investigated. Here, we reported that the expression of FGF13A, one nucleolar isoform of FGF13, was downregulated in BC patients and negatively associated with tumor invasion. Additionally, we demonstrated that overexpression of FGF13A could inhibit the migration and invasion of BC 5637 and T24 cells. We also confirmed the localization of FGF13A in the nucleolus and its interaction with nucleoproteins NPM1 and UBP. Subsequently, we identified that the N-terminal region of FGF13A was essential for its nucleolus location and interaction with NPM1. Furthermore, we found that FGF13A inhibited the generation of nascent ribosomal RNA and suppressed the migration and invasion of BC cells through its N-terminal region. Our research establishes, for the first time, a correlation between the expression of FGF13A and the onset and progression of BC. This provides novel insights into the role of FGF13A in the development of BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Han
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Daping Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; Senior Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Guan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Central Theater General Hospital of PLA, Wuhan, Hubei Providence, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Daping Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Daping Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Libu Si
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Daping Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tongyu Jia
- Senior Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Wu
- Senior Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kaikai Lv
- Senior Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Song
- Senior Department of Urology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Guang Yang
- Beijing Institute of Tropical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Biadun M, Sochacka M, Karelus R, Baran K, Czyrek A, Otlewski J, Krowarsch D, Opalinski L, Zakrzewska M. FGF homologous factors are secreted from cells to induce FGFR-mediated anti-apoptotic response. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23043. [PMID: 37342898 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300324r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
FGF homologous factors (FHFs) are the least described group of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). The FHF subfamily consists of four proteins: FGF11, FGF12, FGF13, and FGF14. Until recently, FHFs were thought to be intracellular, non-signaling molecules, despite sharing structural and sequence similarities with other members of FGF family that can be secreted and activate cell signaling by interacting with surface receptors. Here, we show that despite lacking a canonical signal peptide for secretion, FHFs are exported to the extracellular space. Furthermore, we propose that their secretion mechanism is similar to the unconventional secretion of FGF2. The secreted FHFs are biologically active and trigger signaling in cells expressing FGF receptors (FGFRs). Using recombinant proteins, we demonstrated their direct binding to FGFR1, resulting in the activation of downstream signaling and the internalization of the FHF-FGFR1 complex. The effect of receptor activation by FHF proteins is an anti-apoptotic response of the cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Biadun
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Protein Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotchnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Martyna Sochacka
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Karelus
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Baran
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Czyrek
- Department of Protein Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotchnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Otlewski
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Krowarsch
- Department of Protein Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotchnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Opalinski
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zakrzewska
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Effraim PR, Estacion M, Zhao P, Sosniak D, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD. Fibroblast growth factor homologous factor 2 attenuates excitability of DRG neurons. J Neurophysiol 2022; 128:1258-1266. [PMID: 36222860 PMCID: PMC9909838 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00361.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs) are cytosolic members of the superfamily of the FGF proteins. Four members of this subfamily (FHF1-4) are differentially expressed in multiple tissues in an isoform-dependent manner. Mutations in FHF proteins have been associated with multiple neurological disorders. FHF proteins bind to the COOH terminus of voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels and regulate current amplitude and gating properties of these channels. FHF2, which is expressed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, has two main splicing isoforms: FHF2A and FHF2B, which differ in the length and sequence of their NH2 termini, have been shown to differentially regulate gating properties of Nav1.7, a channel that is a major driver of DRG neuron firing. FHF2 expression levels are downregulated after peripheral nerve axotomy, which suggests that they may regulate neuronal excitability via an action on Nav channels after injury. We have previously shown that knockdown of FHF2 leads to gain-of-function changes in Nav1.7 gating properties: enhanced repriming, increased current density, and hyperpolarized activation. From this we posited that knockdown of FHF2 might also lead to DRG hyperexcitability. Here we show that knockdown of either FHF2A alone or all isoforms of FHF2 results in increased DRG neuron excitability. In addition, we demonstrate that supplementation of FHF2A and FHF2B reduces DRG neuron excitability. Overexpression of FHF2A or FHF2B also reduced excitability of DRG neurons treated with a cocktail of inflammatory mediators, a model of inflammatory pain. Our data suggest that increased neuronal excitability after nerve injury might be triggered, in part, via a loss of FHF2-Nav1.7 interaction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY FHF2 is known to bind to and modulate the function of Nav1.7. FHF2 expression is also reduced after nerve injury. We demonstrate that knockdown of FHF2 expression increases DRG neuronal excitability. More importantly, overexpression of FHF2 reduces DRG excitability in basal conditions and in the presence of inflammatory mediators (a model of inflammatory pain). These results suggest that FHF2 could potentially be used as a tool to reduce DRG neuronal excitability and to treat pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip R. Effraim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Mark Estacion
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Daniel Sosniak
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Sulayman D. Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Han W, Liu M, Han D, Toure AA, Li M, Besschetnova A, Wang Z, Patalano S, Macoska JA, Lam HM, Corey E, He HH, Gao S, Balk SP, Cai C. Exploiting the tumor-suppressive activity of the androgen receptor by CDK4/6 inhibition in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1628-1644. [PMID: 35121110 PMCID: PMC9077383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) plays a pivotal role in driving prostate cancer (PCa) development. However, when stimulated by high levels of androgens, AR can also function as a tumor suppressor in PCa cells. While the high-dose testosterone (high-T) treatment is currently being tested in clinical trials of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), there is still a pressing need to fully understand the underlying mechanism and thus develop treatment strategies to exploit this tumor-suppressive activity of AR. In this study, we demonstrate that retinoblastoma (Rb) family proteins play a central role in maintaining the global chromatin binding and transcriptional repression program of AR and that Rb inactivation desensitizes CRPC to the high-dose testosterone treatment in vitro and in vivo. Using a series of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) CRPC models, we further show that the efficacy of high-T treatment can be fully exploited by a CDK4/6 inhibitor, which strengthens the chromatin binding of the Rb-E2F repressor complex by blocking the hyperphosphorylation of Rb proteins. Overall, our study provides strong mechanistic and preclinical evidence on further developing clinical trials to combine high-T with CDK4/6 inhibitors in treating CRPC.
Collapse
|
8
|
Yu L, Toriseva M, Afshan S, Cangiano M, Fey V, Erickson A, Seikkula H, Alanen K, Taimen P, Ettala O, Nurmi M, Boström PJ, Kallajoki M, Tuomela J, Mirtti T, Beumer IJ, Nees M, Härkönen P. Increased Expression and Altered Cellular Localization of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-Like 1 (FGFRL1) Are Associated with Prostate Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020278. [PMID: 35053442 PMCID: PMC8796033 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies in men. PCa is primarily regulated by androgens, but other mechanisms, such as fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signaling, are also involved. In some patients, PCa relapses after surgical removal of prostate, and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is used as the first-line treatment. Unfortunately, the patients often lose response to ADT and progress by other mechanisms to castration-resistant, currently non-curable PCa. In our study, we aimed to identify better diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets against PCa. We analyzed patient PCa tissue samples from radical prostatectomies and biopsies, and used physiologically relevant 3D organoids and mouse xenografts to study FGFR signaling in PCa. We found that FGFRL1, a protein belonging to the FGFR family, plays a role in PCa. Our results suggest that FGFRL1 has significant effects on PCa progression and has potential as a prognostic biomarker. Abstract Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) 1–4 are involved in prostate cancer (PCa) regulation, but the role of FGFR-like 1 (FGFRL1) in PCa is unclear. FGFRL1 expression was studied by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry of patient tissue microarrays (TMAs) and correlated with clinical patient data. The effects of FGFRL1 knockdown (KD) in PC3M were studied in in vitro culture models and in mouse xenograft tumors. Our results showed that FGFRL1 was significantly upregulated in PCa. The level of membranous FGFRL1 was negatively associated with high Gleason scores (GSs) and Ki67, while increased cytoplasmic and nuclear FGFRL1 showed a positive correlation. Cox regression analysis indicated that nuclear FGFRL1 was an independent prognostic marker for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Functional studies indicated that FGFRL1-KD in PC3M cells increases FGFR signaling, whereas FGFRL1 overexpression attenuates it, supporting decoy receptor actions of membrane-localized FGFRL1. In accordance with clinical data, FGFRL1-KD markedly suppressed PC3M xenograft growth. Transcriptomics of FGFRL1-KD cells and xenografts revealed major changes in genes regulating differentiation, ECM turnover, and tumor–stromal interactions associated with decreased growth in FGFRL1-KD xenografts. Our results suggest that FGFRL1 upregulation and altered cellular compartmentalization contribute to PCa progression. The nuclear FGFRL1 could serve as a prognostic marker for PCa patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yu
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.Y.); (M.T.); (S.A.); (V.F.); (P.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Mervi Toriseva
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.Y.); (M.T.); (S.A.); (V.F.); (P.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Syeda Afshan
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.Y.); (M.T.); (S.A.); (V.F.); (P.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Mario Cangiano
- GenomeScan, 2333 BZ Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.C.); (I.J.B.)
| | - Vidal Fey
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.Y.); (M.T.); (S.A.); (V.F.); (P.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Andrew Erickson
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford 0X3 9DU, UK;
| | - Heikki Seikkula
- Department of Urology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (H.S.); (O.E.); (M.N.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Kalle Alanen
- Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (K.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Pekka Taimen
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.Y.); (M.T.); (S.A.); (V.F.); (P.T.); (M.N.)
- Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (K.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Otto Ettala
- Department of Urology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (H.S.); (O.E.); (M.N.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Martti Nurmi
- Department of Urology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (H.S.); (O.E.); (M.N.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Peter J. Boström
- Department of Urology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (H.S.); (O.E.); (M.N.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Markku Kallajoki
- Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (K.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Johanna Tuomela
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.Y.); (M.T.); (S.A.); (V.F.); (P.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Tuomas Mirtti
- HUS Diagnostic Center and Research Program in Systems Oncology (ONCOSYS), Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Inès J. Beumer
- GenomeScan, 2333 BZ Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.C.); (I.J.B.)
| | - Matthias Nees
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.Y.); (M.T.); (S.A.); (V.F.); (P.T.); (M.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University in Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Pirkko Härkönen
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.Y.); (M.T.); (S.A.); (V.F.); (P.T.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-40-7343520
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yu H, Wang H, Qie A, Wang J, Liu Y, Gu G, Yang J, Zhang H, Pan W, Tian Z, Wang C. FGF13 enhances resistance to platinum drugs by regulating hCTR1 and ATP7A via a microtubule-stabilizing effect. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:4655-4668. [PMID: 34533854 PMCID: PMC8586689 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum‐based regimens are the most widely used chemotherapy regimens, but cancer cells often develop resistance, which impedes therapy outcome for patients. Previous studies have shown that fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) is associated with resistance to platinum drugs in HeLa cells. However, the mechanism and universality of this effect have not been clarified. Here, we found that FGF13 was associated with poor platinum‐based chemotherapy outcomes in a variety of cancers, such as lung, endometrial, and cervical cancers, through bioinformatics analysis. We then found that FGF13 simultaneously regulates the expression and distribution of hCTR1 and ATP7A in cancer cells, causes reduced platinum influx, and promotes platinum sequestration and efflux upon cisplatin exposure. We subsequently observed that FGF13‐mediated platinum resistance requires the microtubule‐stabilizing effect of FGF13. Only overexpression of FGF13 with the ‐SMIYRQQQ‐ tubulin‐binding domain could induce the platinum resistance effect. This phenomenon was also observed in SK‐MES‐1 cells, KLE cells, and 5637 cells. Our research reveals the mechanism of FGF13‐induced platinum drug resistance and suggests that FGF13 can be a sensibilization target and prognostic biomarker for chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Handong Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Anran Qie
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yueping Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guoqiang Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hanqiu Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wensen Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ziqiang Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ferguson HR, Smith MP, Francavilla C. Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) and Noncanonical Partners in Cancer Signaling. Cells 2021; 10:1201. [PMID: 34068954 PMCID: PMC8156822 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that success of targeted therapies in the treatment of cancer is context-dependent and is influenced by a complex crosstalk between signaling pathways and between cell types in the tumor. The Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)/FGF receptor (FGFR) signaling axis highlights the importance of such context-dependent signaling in cancer. Aberrant FGFR signaling has been characterized in almost all cancer types, most commonly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, glioblastoma, prostate cancer and gastrointestinal cancer. This occurs primarily through amplification and over-expression of FGFR1 and FGFR2 resulting in ligand-independent activation. Mutations and translocations of FGFR1-4 are also identified in cancer. Canonical FGF-FGFR signaling is tightly regulated by ligand-receptor combinations as well as direct interactions with the FGFR coreceptors heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and Klotho. Noncanonical FGFR signaling partners have been implicated in differential regulation of FGFR signaling. FGFR directly interacts with cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, contributing to invasive and migratory properties of cancer cells, whereas interactions with other receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) regulate angiogenic, resistance to therapy, and metastatic potential of cancer cells. The diversity in FGFR signaling partners supports a role for FGFR signaling in cancer, independent of genetic aberration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harriet R. Ferguson
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
| | - Michael P. Smith
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
| | - Chiara Francavilla
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Science, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health (FBMH), The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK;
- Manchester Breast Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dodla P, Bhoopalan V, Khoo SK, Miranti C, Sridhar S. Gene expression analysis of human prostate cell lines with and without tumor metastasis suppressor CD82. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1211. [PMID: 33298014 PMCID: PMC7724878 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07675-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetraspanin CD82 is a tumor metastasis suppressor that is known to down regulate in various metastatic cancers. However, the exact mechanism by which CD82 prevents cancer metastasis is unclear. This study aims to identify genes that are regulated by CD82 in human prostate cell lines. METHODS We used whole human genome microarray to obtain gene expression profiles in a normal prostate epithelial cell line that expressed CD82 (PrEC-31) and a metastatic prostate cell line that does not express CD82 (PC3). Then, siRNA silencing was used to knock down CD82 expression in PrEC-31 while CD82 was re-expressed in PC3 to acquire differentially-expressed genes in the respective cell line. RESULTS Differentially-expressed genes with a P < 0.05 were identified in 3 data sets: PrEC-31 (+CD82) vs PrEC-31(-CD82), PC3-57 (+CD82) vs. PC3-5 V (-CD82), and PC3-29 (+CD82) vs. PC3-5 V (-CD82). Top 25 gene lists did not show overlap within the data sets, except (CALB1) the calcium binding protein calbindin 1 which was significantly up-regulated (2.8 log fold change) in PrEC-31 and PC3-29 cells that expressed CD82. Other most significantly up-regulated genes included serine peptidase inhibitor kazal type 1 (SPINK1) and polypeptide N-acetyl galactosaminyl transferase 14 (GALNT14) and most down-regulated genes included C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14), urotensin 2 (UTS2D), and fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13). Pathways related with cell proliferation and angiogenesis, migration and invasion, cell death, cell cycle, signal transduction, and metabolism were highly enriched in cells that lack CD82 expression. Expression of two mutually inclusive genes in top 100 gene lists of all data sets, runt-related transcription factor (RUNX3) and trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), could be validated with qRT-PCR. CONCLUSION Identification of genes and pathways regulated by CD82 in this study may provide additional insights into the role that CD82 plays in prostate tumor progression and metastasis, as well as identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pushpaja Dodla
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, 49401, USA
| | - Vanitha Bhoopalan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, 49401, USA
| | - Sok Kean Khoo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, 49401, USA
| | - Cindy Miranti
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Suganthi Sridhar
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, 140, 7Th Avenue S, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lu H, Yin M, Wang L, Cheng J, Cheng W, An H, Zhang T. FGF13 interaction with SHCBP1 activates AKT-GSK3α/β signaling and promotes the proliferation of A549 cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2020; 21:1014-1024. [PMID: 33064958 PMCID: PMC7678946 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2020.1824512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
FGF13, a member of the FGF subfamily, has been found to be highly expressed in cancer cells such as prostate cancer, melanoma, glioma and multiple myeloma. However, the mechanism of FGF13 function during cancer cell proliferation remains to be unexplored, especially Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, the cell proliferation effect of FGF13 on A549 cells was checked by CCK-8, clone formation, Ki67 immunofluorescence staining and Flow Cytometry assay. Localization of FGF13 within A549 cells was performed with confocal laser scanning microscope. The protein variations and interaction were measured by western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation analysis. It showed that FGF13 was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm and exhibited a high expression level in A549 cells. High expression of FGF13 activated AKT-GSK3 signaling pathway, and inhibited the activity of p21 and p27. Thus, FGF13 enhanced the process of transition from G1 to S phase and promoted A549 cells proliferation. Furthermore, the interaction between FGF13 and SHCBP1 was confirmed. Meanwhile, FGF13 and SHCBP1 had a cooperative effect to accelerate the cell cycle progression, especially the ability to promote cell proliferation is significantly enhanced via protein interaction. Hence, we conclude that FGF13 played a positive regulation role during A549 cells proliferation. FGF13 interacted with SHCBP1 to facilitate cell cycle progression, providing new insights into deep understanding of non-small cell lung cancer mechanisms of proliferation and regulation function of FGF13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhao Lu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meichen Yin
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Cheng
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiaotong University Health Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huanping An
- Department of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Hanzhong Vocational and Technical College, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhu R, Xue J, Chen H, Zhang Q. Identification and validation of core genes for serous ovarian adenocarcinoma via bioinformatics analysis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:145. [PMID: 32934713 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a fatal gynaecological malignancy in women worldwide, and serous ovarian cancer (SOC) is considered the most common histological subtype of this malignancy. Thus, the present study aimed to identify the core genes for SOC via bioinformatics analysis. The GSE18520 and GSE14407 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and perform gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to identify the core genes, while The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to screen for prognosis-associated DEGs. Furthermore, clinical samples were collected for further validation of kinesin family member 11 (KIF11) gene. In the GEO analysis, a total of 198 DEGs were identified, including 81 upregulated and 117 downregulated genes compared SOC to normal tissue. GSEA across the two datasets demonstrated that 16 gene sets, including those involved in the cell cycle and DNA replication, were notably associated with SOC. A PPI network of the DEGs was constructed with 130 nodes and 387 edges. Subsequently, 20 core genes involved in the same top-ranked module were filtered out by submodule analysis. Survival analysis identified three predictive genes for SOC prognosis, including KIF11, CLDN3 and FGF13. KIF11 was identified as a core and predictive gene and thus was further validated using clinical samples. The results demonstrated that KIF11 was upregulated in tumour tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues and was associated with aggressive factors, including tumour grade, TNM stage and lymph node invasion. In conclusions, the present study identified the core genes and gene sets for SOC, thus extending the understanding of SOC occurrence and progression. Furthermore, KIF11 was identified as a promising tumour-promoting gene and a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of SOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruru Zhu
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jisen Xue
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Huijun Chen
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Valta M, Ylä-Pelto J, Lan Y, Kähkönen T, Taimen P, Boström PJ, Ettala O, Khan S, Paulin N, Elo LL, Koskinen PJ, Härkönen P, Tuomela J. Critical evaluation of the subcutaneous engraftments of hormone naïve primary prostate cancer. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:1120-1134. [PMID: 32676396 PMCID: PMC7354344 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2020.03.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) are considered to better recapitulate the histopathological and molecular heterogeneity of human cancer than other preclinical models. Despite technological advances, PDX models from hormone naïve primary prostate cancer are scarce. We performed a detailed analysis of PDX methodology using a robust subcutaneous model and fresh tissues from patients with primary hormone naïve prostate cancer. Methods Clinical prostate tumor specimens (n=26, Gleason score 6-10) were collected from robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomies at Turku University Hospital (Turku, Finland), cut into pieces, and implanted subcutaneously into 84 immunodeficient mice. Engraftments and the adjacent material from prostatic surgical specimens were compared using histology, immunohistochemistry and DNA sequencing. Results The probability of a successful engraftment correlated with the presence of carcinoma in the implanted tissue. Tumor take rate was 41%. Surprisingly, mouse hormone supplementation inhibited tumor take rate, whereas the degree of mouse immunodeficiency did not have an effect. Histologically, the engrafted tumors closely mimicked their parental tumors, and the Gleason grades and copy number variants of the engraftments were similar to those of their primary tumors. Expression levels of androgen receptor, prostate-specific antigen, and keratins were retained in engraftments, and a detailed genomic analysis revealed high fidelity of the engraftments with their corresponding primary tumors. However, in the second or third passage of tumors, the carcinoma areas were almost completely replaced by benign tissue with frequent degenerative or metaplastic changes. Conclusions Subcutaneous primary prostate engraftments preserve the phenotypic and genotypic landscape. Thus, they serve a potential model for personalized medicine and preclinical research but their use may be limited to the first passage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maija Valta
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Division of Medicine, Turku City Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jani Ylä-Pelto
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Yu Lan
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tiina Kähkönen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Taimen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Peter J Boström
- Department of Urology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Otto Ettala
- Department of Urology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sofia Khan
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Niklas Paulin
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura L Elo
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Pirkko Härkönen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,FICAN WEST Cancer Research Laboratory, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Tuomela
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,FICAN WEST Cancer Research Laboratory, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sochacka M, Opalinski L, Szymczyk J, Zimoch MB, Czyrek A, Krowarsch D, Otlewski J, Zakrzewska M. FHF1 is a bona fide fibroblast growth factor that activates cellular signaling in FGFR-dependent manner. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:69. [PMID: 32357892 PMCID: PMC7193404 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00573-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) via their receptors (FGFRs) transduce signals from the extracellular space to the cell interior, modulating pivotal cellular processes such as cell proliferation, motility, metabolism and death. FGF superfamily includes a group of fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs), proteins whose function is still largely unknown. Since FHFs lack the signal sequence for secretion and are unable to induce FGFR-dependent cell proliferation, these proteins were considered as intracellular proteins that are not involved in signal transduction via FGFRs. Here we demonstrate for the first time that FHF1 directly interacts with all four major FGFRs. FHF1 binding causes efficient FGFR activation and initiation of receptor-dependent signaling cascades. However, the biological effect of FHF1 differs from the one elicited by canonical FGFs, as extracellular FHF1 protects cells from apoptosis, but is unable to stimulate cell division. Our data define FHF1 as a FGFR ligand, emphasizing much greater similarity between FHFs and canonical FGFs than previously indicated. Video Abstract. (MP4 38460 kb)
Graphical abstract ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Sochacka
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Opalinski
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Szymczyk
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta B Zimoch
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Czyrek
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Krowarsch
- Department of Protein Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Otlewski
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zakrzewska
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383, Wroclaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Johnstone CN, Pattison AD, Harrison PF, Powell DR, Lock P, Ernst M, Anderson RL, Beilharz TH. FGF13 promotes metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:230-243. [PMID: 31957002 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents 10-20% of all human ductal adenocarcinomas and has a poor prognosis relative to other subtypes, due to the high propensity to develop distant metastases. Hence, new molecular targets for therapeutic intervention are needed for TNBC. We recently conducted a rigorous phenotypic and genomic characterization of four isogenic populations of MDA-MB-231 human triple-negative breast cancer cells that possess a range of intrinsic spontaneous metastatic capacities in vivo, ranging from nonmetastatic (MDA-MB-231_ATCC) to highly metastatic to lung, liver, spleen and spine (MDA-MB-231_HM). Gene expression profiling of primary tumours by RNA-Seq identified the fibroblast growth factor homologous factor, FGF13, as highly upregulated in aggressively metastatic MDA-MB-231_HM tumours. Clinically, higher FGF13 mRNA expression was associated with significantly worse relapse free survival in both luminal A and basal-like human breast cancers but was not associated with other clinical variables and was not upregulated in primary tumours relative to normal mammary gland. Stable FGF13 depletion restricted in vitro colony forming ability in MDA-MB-231_HM TNBC cells but not in oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive MCF-7 or MDA-MB-361 cells. However, despite augmenting MDA-MB-231_HM cell migration and invasion in vitro, FGF13 suppression almost completely blocked the spontaneous metastasis of MDA-MB-231_HM orthotopic xenografts to both lung and liver while having negligible impact on primary tumour growth. Together, these data indicate that FGF13 may represent a therapeutic target for blocking metastatic outgrowth of certain TNBCs. Further evaluation of the roles of individual FGF13 protein isoforms in progression of the different subtypes of breast cancer is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron N Johnstone
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew D Pattison
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul F Harrison
- Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - David R Powell
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Lock
- LIMS Bioimaging Facility, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Robin L Anderson
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Traude H Beilharz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu J, Dou J, Wang W, Liu H, Qin Y, Yang Q, Jiang W, Liang Y, Liu Y, He J, Mai L, Li Y, Wang D. High expression of citron kinase predicts poor prognosis of prostate cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:1815-1823. [PMID: 32194675 PMCID: PMC7038927 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Citron kinase (CIT) is a Rho-effector protein kinase that is associated with several types of cancer. However, the role of CIT in prostate cancer (PCa) is unclear. The current study utilized microarray data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas, which was analyzed via Biometric Research Program array tools. Additionally, reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR was performed to compare the mRNA expression of CIT in PCa tissue and in benign prostatic hyperplasia. The protein expression of CIT was detected in a consecutive cohort via immunochemistry and CIT was screened as a potential oncogene in PCa. The results of RT-qPCR demonstrated that the mRNA expression of CIT was increased in PCa tissues. Furthermore, immunochemistry revealed that CIT protein expression was positively associated with age at diagnosis, Gleason grade, serum PSA, clinical T stage, risk group, lymph node invasion and metastasis. When compared with the low expression group, patients with a high CIT expression exhibited shorter survival rates, cancer specific mortalities (CSM) and biochemical recurrence (BCR). In addition, multivariate analysis revealed that CIT was a potential predictor of CSM and BCR. The results revealed that CIT is overexpressed during the malignant progression of PCa and may be a predictor of a poor patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Dou
- Department of Urology, The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wujiao Wang
- First Clinical Institute, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hengchuan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yunlang Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qixin Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wencheng Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liang
- Department of Urology, The Zigong No. 4 People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P.R. China
| | - Yuejiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The Zigong No. 1 People's Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, P.R. China
| | - Jiang He
- Gastroenterology and Neurology Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Li Mai
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Delin Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kranzbühler B, Salemi S, Mortezavi A, Sulser T, Eberli D. Combined N-terminal androgen receptor and autophagy inhibition increases the antitumor effect in enzalutamide sensitive and enzalutamide resistant prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2019; 79:206-214. [PMID: 30345525 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Multiple androgen receptor (AR)-dependent and -independent resistance mechanisms limit the efficacy of current castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) treatment. Novel N-terminal domain (NTD) binding AR-targeting compounds, including EPI-001 (EPI), have the promising ability to block constitutively active splice variants, which represent a major resistance mechanism in CRPC. Autophagy is a conserved lysosomal degradation pathway that acts as survival mechanism in cells exposed to anticancer treatments. We hypothesized, that promising NTD-AR treatment may upregulate autophagy and that a combination of NTD-AR and autophagy inhibition might therefore increase antitumor effects. METHODS AR-expressing prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, LNCaP-EnzR) were treated with different concentrations of EPI (10, 25, 50 μM) and in combination with the autophagy inhibitors chloroquine (CHQ, 20 μM) or 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM). Cell proliferation was assessed by WST-1-assays after 1 and 7 days. Ethidium bromide and Annexin V were used to measure viability and apoptosis on day 7 after treatment. Autophagosome formation was detected by AUTOdot staining. In addition, autophagic activity was monitored by immunocytochemistry and Western blot (WES) for the expression of ATG5, Beclin1, LC3-I/II and p62. RESULTS Treatment with EPI resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of cell growth and increased apoptosis in both cancer cell lines on day 7. In addition, EPI treatment demonstrated an upregulated autophagosome formation in LNCaP and LNCaP-EnzR cells. Assessment of autophagic activity by immunocytochemistry and WES revealed an increase of ATG5 and LC3-II expression and a decreased p62 expression in all EPI-treated cells. A combined treatment of EPI with autophagy inhibitors led to a further significant reduction of cell viability in both cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that NTD targeting AR inhibition using EPI leads to an increased autophagic activity in LNCaP and LNCaP-EnzR prostate cancer cells. A combination of NTD AR blockage with simultaneous autophagy inhibition increases the antitumor effect of EPI in prostate cancer cells. Double treatment may offer a promising strategy to overcome resistance mechanisms in advanced prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Kranzbühler
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Souzan Salemi
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ashkan Mortezavi
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tullio Sulser
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Eberli
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kranzbühler B, Salemi S, Umbricht CA, Müller C, Burger IA, Sulser T, Eberli D. Pharmacological upregulation of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2018; 78:758-765. [PMID: 29633296 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based imaging and therapy are increasingly used for prostate cancer management. However, limitations are a low PSMA expression in certain patients. Androgen receptor axis inhibition can induce PSMA expression in vitro. We hypothesized that different approved compounds upregulate PSMA expression and tested their effect in vitro. METHODS Androgen receptor (AR) expressing prostate cancer (LNCaP) and epithelial prostate cells (PNT1A) were treated for 7 days with enzalutamide, dutasteride, rapamycin, metformin, lovastatin, and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). PSMA and AR protein expression was assessed using flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting. Furthermore, uptake and internalization of 177 Lu-PSMA-617 was performed. RESULTS Enzalutamide and dutasteride led to a significant (both P < 0.05) upregulation of PSMA surface levels in LNCaP cells. In addition, treatment with rapamycin showed a non-significant trend toward PSMA upregulation. No changes were detected after treatment with vehicle, metformin, lovastatin, and ASA. Total PSMA protein expression was significantly enhanced after treatment with enzalutamide and rapamycin (both P < 0.05), whereas dutasteride led to a non-significant upregulation. Uptake of 177 Lu-PSMA-617 was significantly increased after treatment of LNCaP with enzalutamide, dutasteride, and rapamycin (P < 0.05). In addition, internalization was significantly increased by enzalutamide and rapamycin (P < 0.05), and non-significantly increased by dutasteride. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our data provide new insights into the effect of different approved pharmacological compounds that can markedly upregulate PSMA expression and radioligand uptake in vitro. Pharmacologically induced PSMA expression may prove useful to improve prostate cancer detection and to enhance anticancer effects in PSMA-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Kranzbühler
- Department of Urology, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Souzan Salemi
- Department of Urology, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph A Umbricht
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Irene A Burger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tullio Sulser
- Department of Urology, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Eberli
- Department of Urology, Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wierinckx A, Delgrange E, Bertolino P, François P, Chanson P, Jouanneau E, Lachuer J, Trouillas J, Raverot G. Sex-Related Differences in Lactotroph Tumor Aggressiveness Are Associated With a Specific Gene-Expression Signature and Genome Instability. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:706. [PMID: 30555413 PMCID: PMC6283894 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex-related differences have been reported in various cancers, in particular men with lactotroph tumors have a worse prognosis than women. While the underlying mechanism of this sexual dimorphism remains unclear, it has been suggested that a lower estrogen receptor alpha expression may drive the sex differences observed in aggressive and malignant lactotroph tumors that are resistant to dopamine agonists. Based on this observation, we aimed to explore the molecular importance of the estrogen pathway through a detailed analysis of the transcriptomic profile of lactotroph tumors from 20 men and 10 women. We undertook gene expression analysis of the selected lactotroph tumors following their pathological grading using the five-tiered classification. Chromosomic alterations were further determined in 13 tumors. Functional analysis showed that there were differences between tumors from men and women in gene signatures associated with cell morphology, cell growth, cell proliferation, development, and cell movement. Hundred-forty genes showed an increased or decreased expression with a minimum 2-fold change. A large subset of those genes belonged to the estrogen receptor signaling pathway, therefore confirming the potent role of this pathway in lactotroph tumor sex-associated aggressiveness. Genes belonging to the X chromosome, such as CTAG2, FGF13, and VEGF-D, were identified as appealing candidates with a sex-linked dysregulation in lactotroph tumors. Through our comparative genomic hybridization analyses (CGH), chromosomic gain, in particular chromosome 19p, was found only in tumors from men, while deletion of chromosome 11 was sex-independent, as it was found in most (5/6) of the aggressive and malignant tumors. Comparison of transcriptomic and CGH analysis revealed four genes (CRB3, FAM138F, MATK, and STAP2) located on gained regions of chromosome 19 and upregulated in lactotroph tumors from men. MATK and STAP2 are both implicated in cell growth and are reported to be associated with the estrogen signaling pathway. Our work confirms the proposed involvement of the estrogen signaling pathway in favoring the increased aggressiveness of lactotroph tumors in men. More importantly, we highlight a number of ER-related candidate genes and further identify a series of target molecules with sex-specific expression that could contribute to the aggressive behavior of lactotroph tumors in men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Wierinckx
- Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- ProfileXpert, SFR-Est, CNRS UMR-S3453, INSERM US7, Lyon, France
- *Correspondence: Anne Wierinckx
| | - Etienne Delgrange
- Service d'Endocrinologie, CHU UCL Namur, Université catholique de Louvain, Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Philippe Bertolino
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Philippe Chanson
- Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'Hypophyse, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, UMR S-1185, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Emmanuel Jouanneau
- Service de Neurochirurgie Groupement Hospitalier Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Joël Lachuer
- Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- ProfileXpert, SFR-Est, CNRS UMR-S3453, INSERM US7, Lyon, France
| | - Jacqueline Trouillas
- Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Gérald Raverot
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Département d'Endocrinologie, Centre de Référence pour les Maladies Hypophysaires Rares (HYPO), Groupement Hospitalier EST, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Otani Y, Ichikawa T, Kurozumi K, Inoue S, Ishida J, Oka T, Shimizu T, Tomita Y, Hattori Y, Uneda A, Matsumoto Y, Michiue H, Date I. Fibroblast growth factor 13 regulates glioma cell invasion and is important for bevacizumab-induced glioma invasion. Oncogene 2017; 37:777-786. [PMID: 29059154 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma has the poorest prognosis, and is characterized by excessive invasion and angiogenesis. To determine the invasive mechanisms, we previously used two glioma cell lines (J3T-1 and J3T-2) with different invasive phenotypes. The J3T-1 showed abundant angiogenesis and tumor cell invasion around neovasculature, while J3T-2 showed diffuse cell infiltration into surrounding healthy parenchyma. Microarray analyses were used to identify invasion-related genes in J3T-2 cells, and the expressed genes and their intracellular and intratumoral distribution patterns were evaluated in J3T-2 cell lines, human glioma cell lines, human glioblastoma stem cells and human glioblastoma specimens. To determine the role of the invasion-related genes, invasive activities were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) was overexpressed in J3T-2 cells compared to J3T-1 cells, and in human glioma cell lines, human glioblastoma stem cells and human glioblastoma specimens, when compared to that of normal human astrocytes. Immunohistochemical staining and the RNA-seq (sequencing) data from the IVY Glioblastoma Atlas Project showed FGF13 expression in glioma cells in the invasive edges of tumor specimens. Also, the intracellular distribution was mainly in the cytoplasm of tumor cells and colocalized with tubulin. Overexpression of FGF13 stabilized tubulin dynamics in vitro and knockdown of FGF13 decreased glioma invasion both in vitro and in vivo and prolonged overall survival of several xenograft models. FGF13 was negatively regulated by hypoxic condition. Silencing of FGF13 also decreased in vivo bevacizumab-induced glioma invasion. In conclusion, FGF13 regulated glioma cell invasion and bevacizumab-induced glioma invasion, and could be a novel target for glioma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Otani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - T Ichikawa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - K Kurozumi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - S Inoue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - J Ishida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - T Oka
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - T Shimizu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Tomita
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Hattori
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - A Uneda
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Matsumoto
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - H Michiue
- Department of Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - I Date
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|