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Nagao Y, Takeshita K. Heritability of cancers in Japanese population: Estimation from recent cohort data. Clin Genet 2024; 106:204-208. [PMID: 38685824 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cancers are genetically categorized into common diseases showing a so-called multifactorial inheritance except for rare familial cancers. And as a measure to estimate the strength of genetic factors in the multifactorial diseases, heritability (h2) is generally used. However, there have been few reports on the estimation of heritability for cancers. We calculated the heritability from the incidence in subject population and the familial recurrence rate in first-degree relatives of the affected for cancers quoting the data from a large-scale prospective cohort study by Hidaka et al. published in 2020. This is the first report for heritability of any cancers in Japanese population. The results showed that heritability of overall cancers in Japanese population is 0.064, which is much lower than Nordic population reported by Mucci et al. that was 0.33. For individual cancers, stomach cancer (h2 = 0.14), colorectum cancer (0.006), lung cancer (0.08) and uterine cancer (0.16) accounted for half of the total patients, and each heritability tends to be lower than previously reported for the European descent. The results of this study suggest that heritability of cancers varies greatly by ethnicity. And these results should be important in terms of cancer genetics and in the genetic counseling for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Nagao
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Tokai University Hospital, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Examination, Takashimadaira Chuo General Hospital, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Takeshita
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Tokai University Hospital, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
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2
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Yue Q, Yang L, Liu T, Feng B, Li Y, Wang G, Wei Z, Song Z, Zhao H, Wu S. Controlling Risk Factors Reduces Cancer Risk in Patients with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Cohort Study. Am J Med 2024; 137:341-349.e7. [PMID: 38135014 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) with cancer occurrence is not well examined, and the impact of common risk factors on the risk of cancer in ASCVD patients is not known. This study aimed to explore the effect and possible causes of ASCVD on cancer risk through a cohort study. METHODS A total of 14,665 age- and sex-matched pairs of participants were recruited from the Kailuan cohort (ASCVD vs non-ASCVD). A competing risk model was used to calculate the risk of cancer after ASCVD. RESULTS A total of 1124 cancers occurred after 5.80 (3.05-9.44) years of follow-up. The ASCVD group had a reduced risk of cancer (hazard ratio 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.85). Also, the risk of cancer in the digestive system, respiratory system, urinary system, and reproductive system was reduced by 17%, 16%, 14%, and 52%, respectively. According to the status of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and body mass index after ASCVD, the risk of overall cancer and digestive system cancer decreased with the increase in the number of ideal indicators (P for trend < .01). With the increase of follow-up time, the risk of cancer and the 5 site-specific cancers gradually decreased. CONCLUSIONS Cancer risk can be reduced by controlling for common risk factors after ASCVD event. This risk reduction is site-specific-, time-, and the number of ideal indicator-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yue
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Ling Yang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baoyu Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | | | - Zhihao Wei
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Zongshuang Song
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China.
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3
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BAHAR Y, YILDIZ E, BAHAR AR, KARABUDAK R. Is cancer risk reduced in multiple sclerosis? Results from a tertiary referral center. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:962-969. [PMID: 38031938 PMCID: PMC10760532 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients may be protected against cancer because of increased immune surveillance. However, aberrant T/B cell functioning in MS may increase the risk of cancer. We aimed to compare the frequency of cancer among patients with MS with an appropriate control group matched by the variables such as age, gender, tobacco smoking history, body mass index (BMI), and family history of cancer. METHODS The MS patients who were registered and followed up at the MS Center in Hacettepe University Hospitals and appropriately matched with controls were included. A self-administered questionnaire with links to the online survey was delivered. RESULTS Overall, 1037 responses out of 2074 in MS patients and 506 responses out of 1500 control group were included. Fourteen (1.35%) of MS patients and 18 (3.6%) of the controls were diagnosed with cancer. The odds ratio of having cancer in patients with MS compared to the control group was 0.389 (95% CI = 0.161-0.940, p < 0.05). DISCUSSION There was no statistically significant difference in age, gender, tobacco smoking, and BMI between the groups after propensity score matching. The odds of having cancer were lower in our MS patients compared to the controls. The autoimmune changes responsible for the pathogenesis of MS may be responsible for the decrease in cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin BAHAR
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Egemen YILDIZ
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sultan 2. Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul,
Turkiye
| | - Abdul Rasheed BAHAR
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Rana KARABUDAK
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara,
Turkiye
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Chen Y, Gutierrez V, Morris L, Marti JL. Diagnostic Scrutiny and Patterns of Elevated Cancer Risk: Uncovering Overdiagnosis Through Standardized Incidence Ratios. Cureus 2023; 15:e42439. [PMID: 37637595 PMCID: PMC10447997 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain medical diagnoses and environmental or occupational exposures may be associated with elevated risk of cancer diagnosis, either through causal mechanisms or via increased detection of a subclinical reservoir through increased diagnostic scrutiny (overdiagnosis). The present study aimed to investigate the distribution of elevated cancer risks associated with different diagnoses and exposures. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify studies published in the last 30 years that examined the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) associated with exposures and risk factors. Meta-SIRs for each cancer type were calculated. The distribution of elevated cancer risks was then compared between cancer types previously reported to be susceptible to overdiagnosis and those that have not been associated with overdiagnosis. The review of 108 studies identified four patterns: SIR generally elevated for 1) only overdiagnosis-susceptible cancer types, 2) both overdiagnosed and non-overdiagnosed cancer types, 3) select cancers in accordance with risk factor or exposure, and 4) SIRs that did not exhibit a distinct increase in any cancer type. The distribution of elevated cancer risks may serve as a signature of whether the underlying risk factor or exposure is a carcinogenic process or a mechanism of increased diagnostic scrutiny uncovering clinically occult diseases. The identification of increased cancer risk should be viewed with caution, and analyzing the pattern of elevated cancer risk distribution can potentially reveal conditions that appear to be cancer risk factors but are in fact the result of exposure to medical surveillance or other healthcare activities that lead to the detection of indolent tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchan Chen
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | | | - Luc Morris
- Head and Neck Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer L Marti
- Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, USA
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Abe SK, Ihira H, Minami T, Imatoh T, Inoue Y, Tsutsumimoto K, Kobayashi N, Kashima R, Konishi M, Doi T, Teramoto M, Kabe I, Lee S, Watanabe M, Dohi S, Sakai Y, Nishita Y, Morisaki N, Tachimori H, Kokubo Y, Yamaji T, Shimada H, Mizoue T, Sawada N, Tsugane S, Iwasaki M, Inoue M. Prevalence of family history of cancer in the NC-CCAPH consortium of Japan. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3128. [PMID: 36813828 PMCID: PMC9947111 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of family history of cancer using cohorts participating in the Japanese National Center Cohort Collaborative for Advancing Population Health (NC-CCAPH). We pooled data from seven eligible cohorts of the Collaborative with available data on family history of cancer. Prevalence of family history of cancer and corresponding 95% confidence intervals are presented for all cancers and selected site-specific cancers for the total population and stratified by sex, age, and birth cohort. Prevalence of family history of cancer increased with age ranging from 10.51% in the 15 to 39 year age category to 47.11% in 70-year-olds. Overall prevalence increased in birth cohorts from ≤ 1929 until 1960 and decreased for the next two decades. Gastric cancer (11.97%) was the most common site recorded for family members, followed by colorectal and lung (5.75%), prostate (4.37%), breast (3.43%) and liver (3.05%) cancer. Women consistently had a higher prevalence of family history of cancer (34.32%) versus men (28.75%). Almost one in three participants had a family history of cancer in this Japanese consortium study highlighting the importance of early and targeted cancer screening services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Krull Abe
- Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Hikaru Ihira
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Minami
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Imatoh
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Inoue
- grid.45203.300000 0004 0489 0290Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- grid.419257.c0000 0004 1791 9005Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Nozomu Kobayashi
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Cancer Screening Center, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Screening Technology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rena Kashima
- grid.410796.d0000 0004 0378 8307Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Maki Konishi
- grid.45203.300000 0004 0489 0290Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- grid.419257.c0000 0004 1791 9005Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masayuki Teramoto
- grid.410796.d0000 0004 0378 8307Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isamu Kabe
- grid.471203.30000 0004 1778 9829KUBOTA Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- grid.419257.c0000 0004 1791 9005Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- grid.410796.d0000 0004 0378 8307Division of Preventive Healthcare, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seitaro Dohi
- grid.459558.00000 0001 0668 4966Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukie Sakai
- grid.410796.d0000 0004 0378 8307Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nishita
- grid.419257.c0000 0004 1791 9005Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naho Morisaki
- grid.63906.3a0000 0004 0377 2305Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisateru Tachimori
- grid.419280.60000 0004 1763 8916Department of Clinical Data Science, Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Endowed Course for Health System Innovation, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kokubo
- grid.410796.d0000 0004 0378 8307Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- grid.419257.c0000 0004 1791 9005Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- grid.45203.300000 0004 0489 0290Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.482562.fNational Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Epidemiology, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Prevention, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 104-0045 Japan ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
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Yuan H, Gao Z, He X, Li D, Duan S, Effah CY, Wang W, Wang J, Qu L, Wu Y. Application of logistic regression and convolutional neural network in prediction and diagnosis of high-risk populations of lung cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2022; 31:145-151. [PMID: 33859129 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment of lung cancer are the best strategies to improve the 5-year survival rate. Logistic regression analysis can be a helpful tool in the early detection of high-risk groups of lung cancer. Convolutional neural network (CNN) could distinguish benign from malignant pulmonary nodules, which is critical for early precise diagnosis and treatment. Here, we developed a risk assessment model of lung cancer and a high-precision classification diagnostic model using these technologies so as to provide a basis for early screening of lung cancer and for intelligent differential diagnosis. METHODS A total of 355 lung cancer patients, 444 patients with benign lung disease and 472 healthy people from The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were included in this study. Moreover, the dataset of 607 lung computed tomography images was collected from the above patients. The logistic regression method was employed to screen the high-risk groups of lung cancer, and the CNN model was designed to classify pulmonary nodules into benign or malignant nodules. RESULTS The area under the curve of the lung cancer risk assessment model in the training set and the testing set were 0.823 and 0.710, respectively. After finely optimizing the settings of the CNN, the area under the curve could reach 0.984. CONCLUSIONS This performance demonstrated that the lung cancer risk assessment model could be used to screen for high-risk individuals with lung cancer and the CNN framework was suitable for the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Di Li
- Departments of Toxicology
| | | | | | | | - Jing Wang
- Occupational and Environmental Health
| | - Lingbo Qu
- Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University
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Hu X, Huang W, Wang F, Dai Y, Hu X, Yue D, Wang S. Serum levels of retinol-binding protein 4 and the risk of non-small cell lung cancer: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21254. [PMID: 32756103 PMCID: PMC7402748 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), as an adipokine, has been identified to be associated with several types of cancer. However, no studies have assessed its effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk. The objective of this study was to assess the association between serum RBP4 levels and the risk of NSCLC.A case-control study design was used to recruit 256 confirmed NSCLC cases and 256 age- and gender-matched healthy controls by frequency between August 2017 and January 2019. Serum RBP4 was measured using enzyme-linked immune absorbent assay before treatment. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI).Serum RBP4 level was significantly higher in NSCLC patients than those in the healthy control group (36.05 ± 8.28 vs 29.54 ± 7.71 μg/mL, P < .05). Higher serum RBP4 level was associated with increased risk of NSCLC (P trend = .001). Compare with those in the lowest tertile, the adjusted odds ratios were 1.85 (95% CIs 1.07-3.2) (P = .029) for the second tertile and 2.18 (95% CIs 1.37-3.45) (P = .001) for the highest tertile after adjusting for confounding variables. No interactions were observed after stratified analyses by body mass index and smoking status (P for interaction: .584 and .357).Our study indicated that serum RBP4 level was positively related to the risk of NSCLC. Additional studies with prospective design are required to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaocong Hu
- Department of General ICU, Xiaogan Central Hospital, Xiaogan
| | - Daoyuan Yue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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