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Leep Hunderfund AN, West CP, Rackley SJ, Dozois EJ, Moeschler SM, Vaa Stelling BE, Winters RC, Satele DV, Dyrbye LN. Social Support, Social Isolation, and Burnout: Cross-Sectional Study of U.S. Residents Exploring Associations With Individual, Interpersonal, Program, and Work-Related Factors. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2022; 97:1184-1194. [PMID: 35442910 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000004709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine associations of social support and social isolation with burnout, program satisfaction, and organization satisfaction among a large population of U.S. residents and fellows and to identify correlates of social support and social isolation. METHOD All residents and fellows enrolled in graduate medical education programs at Mayo Clinic sites were surveyed in February 2019. Survey items measured social support (emotional and tangible), social isolation, burnout, program satisfaction, and organization satisfaction. Factors of potential relevance to social support were collected (via the survey, institutional administrative records, and interviews with program coordinators and/or program directors) and categorized as individual, interpersonal, program, or work-related factors (duty hours, call burden, elective time, vacation days used before survey administration, required away rotations, etc.). Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to examine relationships between variables. RESULTS Of 1,146 residents surveyed, 762 (66%) from 58 programs responded. In adjusted models, higher emotional and tangible support were associated with lower odds of burnout and higher odds of program and organization satisfaction, while higher social isolation scores were associated with higher odds of burnout and lower odds of program satisfaction and organization satisfaction. Independent predictors of social support and/or social isolation included age, gender, relationship status, parental status, postgraduate year, site, ratings of the program leadership team, ratings of faculty relationships and faculty professional behaviors, satisfaction with autonomy, and vacation days used before survey administration. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that social support and social isolation are strongly related to burnout and satisfaction among residents and fellows. Personal and professional relationships, satisfaction with autonomy, and vacation days are independently associated with social support and/or social isolation, whereas most program and work-related factors are not. Additional studies are needed to determine if social support interventions targeting these factors can improve well-being and enhance satisfaction with training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea N Leep Hunderfund
- A.N. Leep Hunderfund is associate professor of neurology, Mayo Clinic, and associate director of clinical learning environment optimization, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Colin P West
- C.P. West is professor of medicine, medical education, and biostatistics, Divisions of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1628-5023
| | - Sandra J Rackley
- S.J. Rackley is assistant professor of psychiatry, Mayo Clinic, and assistant dean for trainee well-being, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Eric J Dozois
- E.J. Dozois is professor of surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Susan M Moeschler
- S.M. Moeschler is associate professor of anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Richard C Winters
- R.C. Winters is assistant professor of emergency medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Daniel V Satele
- D.V. Satele is statistician, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Liselotte N Dyrbye
- L.N. Dyrbye is professor of medicine and medical education and co-director of the physician well-being program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Li F, Liu S, Huang H, Tan B. Impact of Occupational Risks of Medical Staff on Willingness to Occupational Mobility in COVID-19 Pandemic. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2022; 15:685-702. [PMID: 35465135 PMCID: PMC9022743 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s360892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Medical staff are a crucial resource in the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic but are vulnerable to both SARS-CoV-2 infection and negative psychological outcomes. This study evaluated medical staff’s occupational risks, professional identity, and occupational mobility intention during the pandemic. Patients and Methods The questionnaire was anonymous. All respondents were Chinese medical personnel. Results Our findings suggest that the professional risks faced by medical professionals can enhance their professional mobility willingness and weaken their professional identity. They cannot only directly enhance their professional mobility willingness but also indirectly strengthen their professional mobility willingness through professional identity. The objective support and subjective support obtained by medical professionals cannot only alleviate the negative impact of occupational risk on professional identity alone but also jointly, and in the process of their joint mitigation, the former has been internalized and absorbed, while the latter has a stronger mitigation effect. The objective support and subjective support obtained by medical professionals can neither alone nor jointly alleviate the direct and positive impact of occupational risk on the willingness of occupational mobility. Conclusion The occupational risks faced by medical personnel can improve their willingness to move professionally and weaken their occupational identity. Early screening of high-risk groups for turnover intention among health care workers and more psychosocial health care and physical protection are needed during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuda Li
- Business School, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Business School, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaqian Huang
- Guangdong Polytechnic of Industry and Commerce, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Huaqian Huang, Guangdong Polytechnic of Industry and Commerce, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510510, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18022122203, Email
| | - Bangzhe Tan
- Business School, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
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Usman M, Cheng J, Ghani U, Gul H, Shah WU. Social support and perceived uncertainties during COVID-19: Consequences for employees' wellbeing. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:10248-10259. [PMID: 34584392 PMCID: PMC8460196 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02293-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 crisis has drastically affected organizations worldwide, thereby influencing the employees’ psychological wellbeing. Since it is a new pandemic, research is sparse in the domain of employees’ psychological wellbeing in relation to the phenomenon. Drawing on social support and job demand-resource perspectives, this research adds to the factors affecting employees’ wellbeing due to the coronavirus outbreak. Specifically, this study is an investigation of co-workers’ instrumental support in predicting employees’ emotional exhaustion via employees’ perceived uncertainties experienced due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, we tested for the contextual specificity of family support on uncertainties and its link with employees’ emotional exhaustion. With data drawn from two universities (n = 275), the findings reveal a negative association between co-worker task support and an employee’s emotional exhaustion, and an employee’s perceived uncertainties mediate this relationship. Moreover, the moderating analysis exhibits that family support mitigates the negative effect of uncertainty perception on emotional exhaustion. Our study reveals that coworker and family support are extremely important during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings are equally valuable for organizations and society to mitigate the detrimental effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on employees’ wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- School of Management, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Business Administration Department, IQRA National University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Jin Cheng
- School of Management, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Usman Ghani
- Department of Business Administration, IQRA University, Karachi, Pakistan
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Habib Gul
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
- Kardan University, Kabul, Afghanistan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The provision of end-of-life (EOL) care has complex effects on both the professional and personal well-being of medical health personnel (MHP). Previous studies have mostly focused on negative or positive influences as mutually exclusive effects. This study offers a new conceptualization by applying a dialectical lens, looking at secondary traumatic stress (STS) and post-traumatic growth (PTG) as dual possible coexisting phenomena. The creation of four theoretically possible profiles, based on the combinations of high or low levels in each dimension, offers a practical translation of this idea toward intervention development. METHOD Data were collected at a large tertiary pediatric medical center (n = 1,123) aiming at assessing all personnel. Research methods included collecting demographic data and using validated scales to assess STS, PTG, burnout, compassion satisfaction, and both personal and professional social support. RESULTS We classified four response profiles according to the STS and PTG levels: (1) Dialectical-impact, high STS/high PTG, (2) Growth-dominant, high PTG/low STS, (3) Stress-dominant, high STS/low PTG, and (4) Limited-impact, low STS/low PTG. The four profiles differed based on profession, but not other demographics. Physicians were represented significantly higher in the Stress-dominant profile; nurses were highly represented in the Dialectical-impact profile. A significant difference was found when adding reported EOL care as a distinct factor with a higher relative proportion of the "dialectical" response among those reporting providing EOL care. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Findings from this study point toward the recognition and understanding of the complexity resulting from the provision of EOL care. A more complex profile classification, including the dialectical profile, may reflect a broader tendency to ways that MHP are affected by their work. Introducing "dialectical thinking" can lead to more personalized and precise intervention planning for MHP. Tailored interventions promoting personal and professional well-being, based on individual profiles, can contribute to more effective interventions and better resource utilization.
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Zhou AY, Panagioti M, Esmail A, Agius R, Van Tongeren M, Bower P. Factors Associated With Burnout and Stress in Trainee Physicians: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2013761. [PMID: 32809031 PMCID: PMC7435345 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Evidence suggests that physicians experience high levels of burnout and stress and that trainee physicians are a particularly high-risk group. Multiple workplace- and non-workplace-related factors have been identified in trainee physicians, but it is unclear which factors are most important in association with burnout and stress. Better understanding of the most critical factors could help inform the development of targeted interventions to reduce burnout and stress. Objective To estimate the association between different stressors and burnout/stress among physicians engaged in standard postgraduate training (ie, trainee physicians). Data Sources Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews from inception until April 30, 2019. Search terms included trainee, foundation year, registrar, resident, and intern. Study Selection Studies that reported associations between stressors and burnout/stress in trainee physicians. Data Extraction and Synthesis Two independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed the quality of the evidence. The main meta-analysis was followed by sensitivity analyses. All analyses were performed using random-effects models, and heterogeneity was quantified using the I2 statistic. Main Outcome and Measures The main outcome was the association between burnout/stress and workplace- or non-workplace-related factors reported as odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% CIs. Results Forty-eight studies were included in the meta-analysis (n = 36 266, median age, 29 years [range, 24.6-35.7 years]). One study did not specify participants' sex; of the total population, 18 781 participants (52%) were men. In particular, work demands of a trainee physician were associated with a nearly 3-fold increased odds for burnout/stress (OR, 2.84; 95% CI, 2.26-3.59), followed by concerns about patient care (OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.58-3.50), poor work environment (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.57-2.70), and poor work-life balance (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.53-2.44). Perceived/reported poor mental or physical health (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.76-3.31), female sex (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.20-1.50), financial worries (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.07-1.72), and low self-efficacy (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.31-3.46) were associated with increased odds for burnout/stress, whereas younger age and a more junior grade were not significantly associated. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this study suggest that the odds ratios for burnout and stress in trainee physicians are higher than those for work-related factors compared with nonmodifiable and non-work-related factors, such as age and grade. These findings support the need for organizational interventions to mitigate burnout in trainee physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anli Yue Zhou
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Panagioti
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Aneez Esmail
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Raymond Agius
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Martie Van Tongeren
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Bower
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Ortiz-Fune C, Kanter JW, Arias MF. Burnout in Mental Health Professionals: The Roles of Psychological Flexibility, Awareness, Courage, and Love. CLINICA Y SALUD 2020. [DOI: 10.5093/clysa2020a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zhou AY, Money A, Bower P, Van Tongeren M, Esmail A, Agius R. A Qualitative Study Exploring the Determinants, Coping, and Effects of Stress in United Kingdom Trainee Doctors. ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY : THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF DIRECTORS OF PSYCHIATRIC RESIDENCY TRAINING AND THE ASSOCIATION FOR ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY 2019; 43:560-569. [PMID: 31290012 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-019-01086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence suggests United Kingdom trainee doctors are experiencing high levels of stress; however, little is known about what determinants contribute to stress, coping mechanisms to mitigate stress, and the effects of stress are in current trainee doctors. Hence, this study aims to explore the determinants, coping mechanisms as well as the effects of stress in this group. METHODS Focus groups were undertaken with trainee doctors in North West England to better understand the determinants, coping mechanisms, and effects of stress. Informed written consent was obtained and focus groups were recorded and transcribed. Transcriptions were analyzed using QSR NVivo v11. RESULTS A total of 44 trainee doctors participated in 11 focus groups. Respondents comprised UK graduates and international medical graduates, across all stages of training in a range of different specialties. Four main themes were identified as determinants: (1) Expectations and guilt, (2) Feeling undervalued, (3) Managing uncertainty and risk, (4) Work environment. Four main themes were identified as coping mechanisms: (1) Reflection and insight, (2) Work-life balance, (3) Work and training environment, (4) Development as a doctor. Two main themes were identified as effects of stress: (1) Negative outcome on wellbeing, (2) Outcome on career. CONCLUSIONS A range of determinants contributes to stress in trainee doctors and they utilize a range of mechanisms to cope. Stress in their working lives can also affect their wellbeing and careers. These findings could be used to improve the understanding of stress in trainee doctors and assist in the development of supportive interventions.
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Kam J, Khadra S, Tran QH, Ainsworth H, Louie-Johnsun M, Winter M. Portable Video Media Versus Standard Verbal Communication in Surgical Teaching: A Prospective, Multicenter, and Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial. JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION 2019; 76:440-445. [PMID: 30253985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of portable video media (PVM) compared to standard verbal communication (SVC) as a novel adjunct for surgical education of junior medical officers and medical students, in terms of knowledge acquisition and participant satisfaction. BACKGROUND The effective, continued education of final year medical students and junior doctors is the foundation of quality healthcare. The development of new media technologies and rapid internet streaming has resulted in an opportunity for the integration of PVM into medical education. PVM is an educational platform with the advantage of being standardized, efficient, and readily available. DESIGN This is a multicenter, prospective, and randomized controlled crossover study. Participants completed a preintervention knowledge test and were then randomized in an allocation ratio of 1:1 to receive surgical education regarding cystoscopy and ureteric stenting for acute renal colic via either PVM or SVC. A 32-point knowledge test and a modified Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 were then administered and the participants were then crossed over to the other educational method. The knowledge and satisfaction tests were then readministered. RESULTS Fifty-four participants were recruited for this study with 27 participants in each group. Both groups had a 18% to 20% increase in knowledge scores following the first intervention p < 0.001 and on crossover there was a further 4% increase in knowledge scores, p < 0.01. There was no significant difference between the groups in knowledge scores before intervention, p = 0.23 after first intervention p = 0.74 or following crossover p = 0.09. After first intervention, participants in the group receiving PVM education first had a significant 8% higher satisfaction score compared to the SVC group, p = 0.023. CONCLUSIONS Our study has shown that PVM shows similar efficacy in information uptake to traditional forms of education. Furthermore, PVM was shown to have higher satisfaction scores compared to SVC. Further studies will need to evaluate the use of PVM for education in other surgical and medical domains and assess the long-term knowledge retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Kam
- Nepean Urology Research Group (NURG), Kingswood, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
| | - Sam Khadra
- Nepean Urology Research Group (NURG), Kingswood, NSW, Australia.
| | - Quoc Hoai Tran
- Nepean Urology Research Group (NURG), Kingswood, NSW, Australia.
| | | | - Mark Louie-Johnsun
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Gosford District Hospital, Gosford, NSW, Australia.
| | - Matthew Winter
- Nepean Urology Research Group (NURG), Kingswood, NSW, Australia.
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Russ SJ, Morrison I, Bell C, Morse JC, Mackenzie RK, Johnston MK. Relationship between acute stress and clinical performance in medical students: a pilot simulation study. BMJ SIMULATION & TECHNOLOGY ENHANCED LEARNING 2018; 4:171-178. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjstel-2017-000276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundAcute stress has been linked to impaired clinical performance in healthcare settings. However, few studies have measured experienced stress and performance simultaneously using robust measures in controlled experimental conditions, which limits the strength of their findings.AimIn the current study we examined the relationship between acute stress and clinical performance in second-year medical students undertaking a simulated ECG scenario. To explore this relationship in greater depth we manipulated two variables (clinical urgency and cognitive load), and also examined the impact of trait anxiety and task self-efficacy.MethodsSecond-year medical students were asked to conduct a 12-lead ECG on a simulated patient. Students were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions according to clinical urgency (high/low) and cognitive load (high/low), which were manipulated during a handover prior to the ECG. As part of the scenario they were asked to describe the ECG trace to a senior doctor over the phone and to conduct a drug calculation. They then received a performance debrief. Psychological stress and physiological stress were captured (via self-report and heart rate, respectively) and various aspects of performance were observed, including technical competence, quality of communication, work rate and compliance with patient safety checks. Trait anxiety and task self-efficacy were also captured via self-report.ResultsFifty students participated. While there was little impact of experimental condition on stress or performance, there was a significant relationship between stress and performance for the group as a whole. Technical competence was poorer for those reporting higher levels of psychological stress prior to and following the procedure. Neither trait anxiety nor task self-efficacy mediated this relationship.ConclusionsThis study has provided evidence for a link between acute stress and impaired technical performance in medical students completing a simulated clinical scenario using real-time measures. The implications for patient safety and medical education are discussed.
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Investigating the impact of ethical leadership on aspects of burnout. LEADERSHIP & ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1108/lodj-09-2016-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wainwright E, Fox F, Breffni T, Taylor G, O’Connor M. Coming back from the edge: a qualitative study of a professional support unit for junior doctors. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2017; 17:142. [PMID: 28835270 PMCID: PMC5569516 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-017-0978-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that many trainee doctors around the world experience work satisfaction but also considerable work stress in the training period. Such stress seems to be linked to multiple factors including workload, level of support and growing cultural inculcation into unwillingness to show any personal or professional weakness. In the United Kingdom, junior doctors are qualified medical practitioners who have gained a degree in Medicine and are now working while training to become a specialist (consultant) or a general practitioner. The period of medical training can be particularly stressful for some UK junior doctors, in common with their counterparts in other countries. UK Postgraduate Medical Deaneries provide support for those who need it via Professional Support Units (PSUs); however little is known about the perceptions and experiences of the doctors who access and utilise this support. This study aimed to generate qualitative insight into how the (PSU) provided by one UK Deanery is experienced by the trainees who accessed it. We aimed to investigate whether such experience intersects with the progressive socialisation of trainee doctors into the notion that doctors do not get ill. METHODS Through in-depth telephone interviews with eight female junior doctors, we explored the benefits and problems associated with using a PSU with reference to the formation of trainee doctors' professional identities, and conducted a thematic analysis. RESULTS Themes identified illustrate the process of accepting, accessing and benefiting from PSU support. These are: Medical identity intact (it will never happen to me); Denial of disrupted medical identity; Being on the edge: accepting help; Role of PSU in 'recovery' process; Repaired identity / coming back from the edge; Different ways to be a doctor. The gendered sample occurred simply as it was females who responded to study invitations. Whilst we present some related aspects (such as "manning up" as part of keeping going), analyses of this small sample showed that medical identity as a doctor in training was more salient than a gendered experience of help seeking in this study. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the initial reluctance of female junior doctors to seek help from the PSU, as acknowledging their own difficulties spoiled their identity as a competent doctor. However, once engaged with the PSU, the findings exemplify its role in repairing medical identity, by offering different and acceptable ways to be a doctor. We interpret these findings within Goffman's theoretical framework of stigma conferring a spoiled identity on recipients, and how this may then be repaired. Reducing the stigma attached to initial help-seeking among junior doctors is crucial to increase ease of access to the PSU and to improve the experiences of doctors who encounter challenges during their training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Wainwright
- Psychology Department, Bath Spa University, Bath, UK
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Fiona Fox
- National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospital Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Tailte Breffni
- Severn Postgraduate Medical Education (Deanery), Bristol, UK
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Lomas T, Medina JC, Ivtzan I, Rupprecht S, Eiroa-Orosa FJ. A systematic review of the impact of mindfulness on the well-being of healthcare professionals. J Clin Psychol 2017; 74:319-355. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Smollan RK. Supporting staff through stressful organizational change. HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13678868.2017.1288028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Charoensukmongkol P, Moqbel M, Gutierrez-Wirsching S. The role of coworker and supervisor support on job burnout and job satisfaction. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MANAGEMENT RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1108/jamr-06-2014-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This study investigates the role of coworker and supervisor support on three aspects of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, perceived lack of personal accomplishment) and job satisfaction. The authors argue that different sources of social support at work can influence these three aspects of burnout differently.
Design/methodology/approach
Questionnaires were delivered to supervisors of each campus department at two state universities in South Texas asking them to encourage their employees to complete the survey. The sample consisted of 174 personnel.
Findings
The results show that coworker support was negatively associated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization but not with perceived lack of personal accomplishment while supervisor support was negatively associated with all aspects of burnout. The analysis also confirmed the direct and indirect effects of coworker and supervisor support on job satisfaction.
Practical implications
Due to the detrimental consequences of burnout to employee satisfaction, organizations need to make sure that employees receive sufficient support from their coworkers and supervisors to avoid this burnout problem.
Originality/value
Even though the role of social support on job burnout has been previously investigated, existing studies tended to combine three dimensions of burnout into a single measure. Using an aggregated measure of burnout as an outcome variable can limit our understanding about the role that social support plays on each individual dimension of burnout. By employing burnout as a multidimensional construct, the present study can determine whether coworker support and supervisor support can have a different impact on each of the three dimensions of burnout.
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Chen CP, Haller S. The role of career counselling in supporting career well-being of nurses. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1038416214555772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The phenomenon of occupational and career burnout in nurses has received recent attention from academia, the media, and health care practitioners. Research surrounding career burnout often adopts a health perspective and focuses on the psychological well-being of nurses. While acknowledging the vital importance of a health perspective, this article contends that the ability to cultivate a sense of career well-being may act as an antidote to the occupational and career burnout in the nursing profession. To examine the relationship between career burnout and career well-being in nurses, the article explores the many ways career counsellors can be of service to clients in the nursing profession, improving clients’ career well-being via the enhancement of effective coping skills. In particular, the phenomenon of career burnout and its related issues and factors in nurses are identified and analysed. Guided by key tenets from career development theoretical approaches, counselling interventions are proposed to address the unique occupational burnout issue in the nursing profession, aiming to further the career well-being of nurses.
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Bikos LH, Dykhouse EC, Boutin SK, Gowen MJ, Rodney HE. Practice and Research in Career Counseling and Development-2012. THE CAREER DEVELOPMENT QUARTERLY 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2161-0045.2013.00058.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Győrffy Z, Ádám S. Somatic and mental morbidity of young female physicians. Does emotional exhaustion constitute the missing link? Orv Hetil 2013; 154:20-7. [DOI: 10.1556/oh.2013.29521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The high prevalence of morbidity among female physicians in Hungary is well documented, however, little is known about the prevalence of that in certain age groups. Aims: To assess the prevalence of somatic and psychiatric morbidity in two age cohorts (Cohort 1: age 24–43 and Cohort 2: age 44–76) of female physicians and to explore the relationship between morbidity and potential risk factors including work-related stressors. Methods: Representative, cross-sectional, quantitative survey among representative samples of female physicians (N = 408). Results: Physicians in Cohort 1 reported more frequent night shift rotation, less leisure time, and fewer days off compared to physicians in Cohort 2. Physicians in Cohort 1 were less satisfied with their work, workplace, reported less support from their colleagues, and received lower salary compared to physicians in Cohort 2. Physicians in Cohort 1 scored significantly higher on the emotional exhaustion and the personal accomplishment scales MBI as compared to Cohort 2 physicians. In Cohort 1 emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment were associated with high depression scores and frequent suicidal ideation. Conclusions: The role of emotional exhaustion is decisive of young physicians’ well-being. Future research should focus on understanding the psycho-social, individual, organizational, and societal correlates of the high prevalence of morbidity among young female physicians in Hungary. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 20–27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsa Győrffy
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Magatartástudományi Intézet Budapest Nagyvárad tér 4. 1089
| | - Szilvia Ádám
- Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Magatartástudományi Intézet Budapest Nagyvárad tér 4. 1089
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