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Ponce-Rosas ER, Dávila-Mendoza R, Jiménez-Galván I, Fernández-Ortega MA, Ortiz-Montalvo A, Fajardo-Ortiz G. Application of artificial neural networks in assigned leadership and academic success in medical graduates. CIR CIR 2023; 91:550-560. [PMID: 37677948 DOI: 10.24875/ciru.22000318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To apply an artificial neural networks analysis (ANN) model to identify variables that predict assigned leadership and academic success in graduates of six generations of medical school. METHOD Analytical, retrospective, comparative study. A total of 1434 graduates participated. A questionnaire was sent to them by e-mail including a voluntary participation consent. A multivariate statistical analysis using multi-layer perceptron ANN, decision trees and driver analysis was performed. RESULTS The ANN identified seven independent variables that predicted professional success and eight for leadership in medical graduates. The decision trees identified significant differences in the variables professional performance (p = 0.000), age (p = 0.005) and continuing education activities (p = 0.034) related to professional success, and for leadership the variables gender (p = 0.000), high school grades (p = 0.042), performing clinical practice during the social service year (p = 0.002) and continuing education activities (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS The ANN identified the main independent predictor variables of professional success and leadership of the graduates. This study opens up two new lines of research little studied with the techniques of in the area of medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrén R Ponce-Rosas
- Subdivisión de Medicina Familiar, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina
| | - Rocío Dávila-Mendoza
- Subdivisión de Medicina Familiar, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina
| | - Irma Jiménez-Galván
- Subdivisión de Medicina Familiar, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina
| | | | | | - Guillermo Fajardo-Ortiz
- Subdivisión de Educación Continua, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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Abstract
Mobility programs can be a valuable enhancement to medical formation and career, either during or after training as part of an internship or as a fellowship. In the case of surgery, the opportunity to visit departments who offer a broader range of operations than the home institution, learn new clinical and surgical techniques are unique possibilities to expand surgical and clinical daily routine practice but also to meet colleagues and exchange experiences for future collaboration and networking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Torres
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Pulido Valente Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anna Elisabeth Frick
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Unit of Anaesthesiology and Algology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Wu H, Pei L, Li S, Jiang C. Medical career expectations of academically talented high school students: a nationwide cross-sectional study in China. BMC Med Educ 2020; 20:166. [PMID: 32448157 PMCID: PMC7247248 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-020-02083-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Academically talented high school students (ATHSSs), an exceptional cohort, are not well studied for their career expectations, especially for those with medical career expectation (MCE). Nowadays, the public perception of the medical profession is changing in China. The purpose of this study was to answer questions about 'is medicine attractive for ATHSSs and 'what factors affect medical career expectations (MCE) for ATHSSs' in China. METHODS A total of 16,479 representative ATHSSs in senior three completed a questionnaire and four different academic tests. Frequency statistics showed the proportion of ATHSSs with MCE. Unpaired t-tests were performed to find out the differences in demographics, family background, and academic performance between students with and without MCE. The logit models analysis were applied to explore the potential factors that affected the MCE of this exceptional group of students. RESULTS ATHSSs with MCE accounted for 20.6% (ranking 7/18) of the respondents. They were more likely to be female, came from relatively poorer families, lived in a rural area, and performed significantly worse in all academic tests except for mathematics, compared with those without MCE. In addition, the results revealed that gender (β = - 0.436, p < 0.01), region of hometown (β = - 103, p < 0.1), mother's years of schooling (β = - 0.019, p < 0.05), and father's occupational status (β = - 0.005, p < 0.01) contributed significantly to the MCE of academically talented students. Better performance in mathematics affected the MCE of ATHSSs taking the liberal arts and science tests differently. CONCLUSIONS We found the medical career is becoming unattractive to academically talented students and the medical career may be losing their aura in China. Students who have medical career expectations are likely to be females and to have a weak family background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Wu
- Institute of Medical Education/National center for Health Professions Education Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Leisi Pei
- Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Peking University, Graduate School of Education, No.5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Barbosa-Camacho FJ, Miranda-Ackerman RC, Vázquez-Reyna I, Jimenez-Ley VB, Barrera-López FJ, Contreras-Cordero VS, Sánchez-López VA, Castillo-Valverde TJ, Lamas-Abbadie CDC, González-Adán BA, Cortes-Flores AO, Morgan-Villela G, Cervantes-Cardona GA, Cervantes-Guevara G, Fuentes-Orozco C, González-Ojeda A. Association between HEXACO personality traits and medical specialty preferences in Mexican medical students: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Psychol 2020; 8:23. [PMID: 32171327 PMCID: PMC7071694 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-020-0390-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical specialty is a critical choice in a physician’s life because it determines their professional future and medical practice. While some are motivated to choose a specific specialty based on the monetary gain it can provide, others are inspired by seeing the work performed by a physician or by a patient’s recovery. It is common to stereotype doctors’ personalities by their specialty. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey study in which we administered the 100-item HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised to 292 medical students between September 2018 and March 2019. We evaluated six different domains of personality traits. We also included questions about their medical specialty of choice, their least preferred specialty, and the motivation behind these choices. The participants included 175 women (59.9%) and 117 men (40.1%). Results When the participants were asked about their preferred type of medical specialty, 52.4% indicated a preference for surgical specialties (surgical group) vs 47.6% who preferred clinical specialties (clinical group). We found that the surgical group showed significantly higher scores for Extraversion and Organization domains, while the clinical group showed significantly higher scores on the Honesty–Humility, Emotionality, and Agreeableness domains. We identified critical differences within the overall group of medical students by their medical specialty preference. Conclusions Some classical stereotypes were confirmed by our results, such as surgical specialists tending to be more extroverted and organized, whereas clinical specialists were prone to being more introverted, anxious, and more emotionally attached to their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco José Barbosa-Camacho
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Belisario Domínguez # 1000, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | | | - Vania Brickelia Jimenez-Ley
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Belisario Domínguez # 1000, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier Barrera-López
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Belisario Domínguez # 1000, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Vianca Seleste Contreras-Cordero
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Belisario Domínguez # 1000, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Brenda Alicia González-Adán
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Belisario Domínguez # 1000, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Belisario Domínguez # 1000, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Alejandro González-Ojeda
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica 02 Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Avenida Belisario Domínguez # 1000, Col. Independencia, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. .,Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tonalá, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Zhou AY, Money A, Bower P, Van Tongeren M, Esmail A, Agius R. A Qualitative Study Exploring the Determinants, Coping, and Effects of Stress in United Kingdom Trainee Doctors. Acad Psychiatry 2019; 43:560-569. [PMID: 31290012 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-019-01086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence suggests United Kingdom trainee doctors are experiencing high levels of stress; however, little is known about what determinants contribute to stress, coping mechanisms to mitigate stress, and the effects of stress are in current trainee doctors. Hence, this study aims to explore the determinants, coping mechanisms as well as the effects of stress in this group. METHODS Focus groups were undertaken with trainee doctors in North West England to better understand the determinants, coping mechanisms, and effects of stress. Informed written consent was obtained and focus groups were recorded and transcribed. Transcriptions were analyzed using QSR NVivo v11. RESULTS A total of 44 trainee doctors participated in 11 focus groups. Respondents comprised UK graduates and international medical graduates, across all stages of training in a range of different specialties. Four main themes were identified as determinants: (1) Expectations and guilt, (2) Feeling undervalued, (3) Managing uncertainty and risk, (4) Work environment. Four main themes were identified as coping mechanisms: (1) Reflection and insight, (2) Work-life balance, (3) Work and training environment, (4) Development as a doctor. Two main themes were identified as effects of stress: (1) Negative outcome on wellbeing, (2) Outcome on career. CONCLUSIONS A range of determinants contributes to stress in trainee doctors and they utilize a range of mechanisms to cope. Stress in their working lives can also affect their wellbeing and careers. These findings could be used to improve the understanding of stress in trainee doctors and assist in the development of supportive interventions.
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Mullola S, Hakulinen C, Presseau J, Gimeno Ruiz de Porras D, Jokela M, Hintsa T, Elovainio M. Personality traits and career choices among physicians in Finland: employment sector, clinical patient contact, specialty and change of specialty. BMC Med Educ 2018; 18:52. [PMID: 29587722 PMCID: PMC5870817 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-018-1155-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personality influences an individual's adaptation to a specific job or organization. Little is known about personality trait differences between medical career and specialty choices after graduating from medical school when actually practicing different medical specialties. Moreover, whether personality traits contribute to important career choices such as choosing to work in the private or public sector or with clinical patient contact, as well as change of specialty, have remained largely unexplored. In a nationally representative sample of Finnish physicians (N = 2837) we examined how personality traits are associated with medical career choices after graduating from medical school, in terms of employment sector, patient contact, medical specialty and change of specialty. METHODS Personality was assessed using the shortened version of the Big Five Inventory (S-BFI). An analysis of covariance with posthoc tests for pairwise comparisons was conducted, adjusted for gender and age with confounders (employment sector, clinical patient contact and medical specialty). RESULTS Higher openness was associated with working in the private sector, specializing in psychiatry, changing specialty and not practicing with patients. Lower openness was associated with a high amount of patient contact and specializing in general practice as well as ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology. Higher conscientiousness was associated with a high amount of patient contact and specializing in surgery and other internal medicine specialties. Lower conscientiousness was associated with specializing in psychiatry and hospital service specialties. Higher agreeableness was associated with working in the private sector and specializing in general practice and occupational health. Lower agreeableness and neuroticism were associated with specializing in surgery. Higher extraversion was associated with specializing in pediatrics and change of specialty. Lower extraversion was associated with not practicing with patients. CONCLUSIONS The results showed distinctive personality traits to be associated with physicians' career and specialty choices after medical school independent of known confounding factors. Openness was the most consistent personality trait associated with physicians' career choices in terms of employment sector, amount of clinical patient contact, specialty choice and change of specialty. Personality-conscious medical career counseling and career guidance during and after medical education might enhance the person-job fit among physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sari Mullola
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki, (Siltavuorenpenger 5 A), P.O. Box 9, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- National Center for Children and Families, Teachers College Columbia University, Thorndike Hall 525 West 120th Street, Box 39, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - Christian Hakulinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Justin Presseau
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, K1H 8L6 Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, K1G 5Z3 Canada
| | - David Gimeno Ruiz de Porras
- School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
| | - Markus Jokela
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Hintsa
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marko Elovainio
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00370 Helsinki, Finland
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Hafeez A, Hussain Shah SM. Impact Of Socio-Economic Status On Determinants Of Medical Career. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2016; 28:562-567. [PMID: 28712236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on determinants of Medical profession has established some constant factors with universal impact and appeal. However, the dramatic changes in the dynamics of medical profession and medical education over the past years have necessitated a revisiting of the established conclusions. The knowledge of impact of economic status on these determinants would pave way to greater interest and research on the subject, especially in Hazara Division where it is practically nonexistent. METHODS This exploratory research followed deductive-inductive approach and was conducted upon 550 respondents from four public and private colleges in Hazara Division. Extensive study of related literature yielded 20 broad determinants of medical career. Pre-research pilot testing verified the reliability of a self-designed instrument. The data collection method adopted was a single shot survey. Personal data of respondents was collected during administration of the instrument. The sample was extracted through systematic random sampling technique giving due weight to proportional representation of each college as well as to the gender distribution. RESULTS The results revealed a significant difference in the impact of reassuring social perceptions and social status and prestige of medical profession between upper middle class and lower middle class. The results also showed that the students of upper middle class faced significantly greater domestic and familial pressure to enter the medical profession than those from lower middle class. CONCLUSIONS The findings showed that the upper middle class is under greater influence of societal forces and wider impressions about the medical profession. The students hailing from upper middle class enter the Medical career motivated by urge for social status and prestige and are most compelled by domestic and familial pressures to enter medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Hafeez
- Department of Education, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
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