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Strohmeier CW, Cengher M, Chin MD, Falligant JM. Application of a terminal schedule probe method to inform schedule thinning with multiple schedules. J Appl Behav Anal 2024; 57:676-694. [PMID: 38724468 DOI: 10.1002/jaba.1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Multiple schedules are effective at decreasing challenging behavior and maintaining alternative behavior at acceptable levels. Currently, no conclusive guidance is available for empirically deriving multiple-schedule components (continuous reinforcement for alternative behavior and extinction for challenging behavior [discriminative stimulus] and extinction for both alternative and challenging behavior [delta stimulus]) during the schedule-thinning process. In the current investigation, we describe a terminal schedule probe method to determine delta stimulus starting points and strategies for subsequent schedule-thinning progressions to reach caregiver-informed terminal schedules. We review schedule-thinning outcomes for a clinical cohort using a consecutive controlled case series approach and report results for two groups: One group included applications of terminal probe thinning (n = 24), and the other involved traditional dense-to-lean thinning (n = 18). Outcomes suggest that the terminal schedule probe method produced effective treatments with less resurgence of challenging behavior and leaner, more feasible, multiple schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig W Strohmeier
- Department of Behavioral Psychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mirela Cengher
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michelle D Chin
- Department of Behavioral Psychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Michael Falligant
- Department of Behavioral Psychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Call NA, Bernstein AM, O’Brien MJ, Schieltz KM, Tsami L, Lerman DC, Berg WK, Lindgren SD, Connelly MA, Wacker DP. A comparative effectiveness trial of functional behavioral assessment methods. J Appl Behav Anal 2024; 57:166-183. [PMID: 38049887 PMCID: PMC10843530 DOI: 10.1002/jaba.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinicians report primarily using functional behavioral assessment (FBA) methods that do not include functional analyses. However, studies examining the correspondence between functional analyses and other types of FBAs have produced inconsistent results. In addition, although functional analyses are considered the gold standard, their contribution toward successful treatment compared with other FBA methods remains unclear. This comparative effectiveness study, conducted with 57 young children with autism spectrum disorder, evaluated the results of FBAs that did (n = 26) and did not (n = 31) include a functional analysis. Results of FBAs with and without functional analyses showed modest correspondence. All participants who completed functional communication training achieved successful outcomes regardless of the type of FBA conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A. Call
- Marcus Autism Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Alec M. Bernstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Matthew J. O’Brien
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Kelly M. Schieltz
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Loukia Tsami
- Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dorothea C. Lerman
- Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wendy K. Berg
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Scott D. Lindgren
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Mark A. Connelly
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - David P. Wacker
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Cengher M, O'Connor JT, Strohmeier CW. Assessment and treatment of problem behavior maintained by escape from attention. BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bin.1838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Cengher
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland, Baltimore County Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Julia T. O'Connor
- Kennedy Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Craig W. Strohmeier
- Kennedy Krieger Institute and Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA
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Kamlowsky ME, Wilder DA, Ertel H, Hodges AC, Colon N, Domino L. Latency‐based functional analysis and treatment of elopement. BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bin.1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hallie Ertel
- Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida USA
- Nemours Children's Hospital Orlando Florida USA
| | - Ansley C. Hodges
- Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida USA
- Nemours Children's Hospital Orlando Florida USA
| | - Natalia Colon
- Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida USA
| | - Laurel Domino
- Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida USA
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Falligant JM, McNulty MK, Kranak MP, Hausman NL, Rooker GW. Evaluating sources of baseline data using dual-criteria and conservative dual-criteria methods: A quantitative analysis. J Appl Behav Anal 2020; 53:2330-2338. [PMID: 32337720 DOI: 10.1002/jaba.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Scheithauer et al. (2020) recently demonstrated that differences in the source of baseline data extracted from a functional analysis (FA) may not affect subsequent clinical decision-making in comparison to a standard baseline. These outcomes warrant additional quantitative examination, as correspondence of visual analysis has sometimes been reported to be unreliable. In the current study, we quantified the occurrence of false positives within a dataset of FA and baseline data using the dual-criteria (DC) and conservative dual-criteria (CDC) methods. Results of this quantitative analysis suggest that false positives were more likely when using FA data (rather than original baseline data) as the initial treatment baseline. However, both sources of baseline data may have acceptably low levels of false positives for practical use. Overall, the findings provide preliminary quantitative support for the conclusion that determinations of effective treatment may be easily obtained using different sources of baseline data.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Michael Falligant
- Department of Behavioral Psychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute.,Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Molly K McNulty
- Department of Behavioral Psychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute
| | - Michael P Kranak
- Department of Behavioral Psychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute.,Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Nicole L Hausman
- Department of Behavioral Psychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Griffin W Rooker
- Department of Behavioral Psychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
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