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Xu Y, Yang Y, Li B, Xie Y, Shi Y, Le G. Dietary methionine restriction improves gut microbiota composition and prevents cognitive impairment in D-galactose-induced aging mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:12896-12914. [PMID: 36444912 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03366f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction (MR) has been shown to delay aging and ameliorate age-related cognitive impairments. We hypothesized that changes in the gut microbiota may mediate these effects. To test this hypothesis, ICR mice subcutaneously injected with 150 mg kg-1 day-1D-galactose were fed a normal (0.86% methionine) or an MR (0.17% methionine) diet for 2 months. Multiple behavioral experiments were performed, and the gut microbiota composition, metabolite profiles related to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the feces, and indicators related to the redox and inflammatory states in the hippocampus were further analyzed. Our results indicated that MR alleviated cognitive impairment (including non-spatial memory deficits, working memory deficits, and hippocampus-dependent spatial memory deficits) and anxiety-like behavior in D-Gal-induced aging mice. Furthermore, MR increased the abundance of putative SCFA-producing bacteria such as Lachnospiraceae, Turicibacter, Roseburia, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Intestinimonas, Rikenellaceae, Tyzzerella, and H2S-producing bacteria such as Desulfovibrio in feces. Moreover, MR reversed and normalized the levels of intestinal SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) and important intermediate metabolites of the SCFAs (pyruvate, lactate, malate, fumarate, and succinate), abolished aging-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, increased the levels of H2S in the plasma and hippocampus, and selectively modulated the expression of multiple learning- and memory-related genes in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that MR improved the gut microbiota composition and SCFA production and alleviated oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the hippocampus, which might prevent cognitive impairment in D-galactose-induced aging mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncong Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yanli Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Yonghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Guowei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
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2
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Yang Y, Lu M, Xu Y, Qian J, Le G, Xie Y. Dietary Methionine via Dose-Dependent Inhibition of Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production Capacity Contributed to a Potential Risk of Cognitive Dysfunction in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15225-15243. [PMID: 36413479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High-methionine diets induce impaired learning and memory function, dementia-like neurodegeneration, and Alzheimer's disease, while low-methionine diets improve learning and memory function. We speculated that variations in intestinal microbiota may mediate these diametrically opposed effects; thus, this study aimed to verify this hypothesis. The ICR mice were fed either a low-methionine diet (LM, 0.17% methionine), normal methionine diet (NM, 0.86% methionine), or high-methionine diet (HM, 2.58% methionine) for 11 weeks. We found that HM diets damaged nonspatial recognition memory, working memory, and hippocampus-dependent spatial memory and induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice. LM diets improved nonspatial recognition memory and hippocampus-dependent spatial memory and ameliorated anxiety-like behavior, but the differences did not reach a significant level. Moreover, HM diets significantly decreased the abundance of putative short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (Roseburia, Blautia, Faecalibaculum, and Bifidobacterium) and serotonin-producing bacteria (Turicibacter) and significantly increased the abundance of proinflammatory bacteria Escherichia-Shigella. Of note, LM diets reversed the results. Consequently, the SCFA and serotonin levels were significantly decreased with HM diets and significantly increased with LM diets. Furthermore, HM diets induced hippocampal oxidative stress and inflammation and selectively downregulated the hippocampus-dependent memory-related gene expression, whereas LM diets selectively upregulated the hippocampus-dependent memory-related gene expression. In conclusion, dietary methionine via dose-dependent inhibition of SCFA production capacity contributed to a potential risk of cognitive dysfunction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Manman Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuncong Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Qian
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guowei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanli Xie
- National Engineering Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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3
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Lee MY, Hsieh CP, Chan MH, Chen HH. Beneficial effects of atypical antipsychotics on object recognition deficits after adolescent toluene exposure in mice: involvement of 5-HT 1A receptors. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2022; 48:673-683. [PMID: 36137281 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2122484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background: Inhalant (e.g. toluene) misuse by adolescents has been linked to psychosis and persistent cognitive deficits. Identifying effective strategies to improve cognitive deficits following chronic toluene misuse is critical. 5-HT1A receptor has been proposed as a target for the treatment of cognitive deficits.Objectives: We compared the effects of antipsychotics on recognition deficits after adolescent toluene exposure in mice and elucidated the role of 5-HT1A receptors in the cognition-improving effects of antipsychotics.Methods: Male NMRI mice (n = 279) received one injection per day of either toluene (750 mg/kg) or corn oil at postnatal days 35-39 and 42-46. Thereafter, the acute and subchronic effects of haloperidol, aripiprazole, or clozapine on toluene-induced recognition deficits were evaluated by novel object recognition test.Results: Acute administration of aripiprazole (p < .05) and clozapine (p < .01), but not haloperidol, significantly attenuated the toluene-induced recognition deficits. Pretreatment with 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY -100,635 (p < .05) blocked their beneficial effects. Moreover, 5-HT1A receptor agonist buspirone (p < .01) ameliorated the toluene-induced recognition deficits, which was reversed by WAY -100,635 (p < .001). Finally, after repeated treatment with clozapine, aripiprazole, and buspirone daily for 14 days, the impaired object recognition in toluene-exposed mice was significantly improved (p < .05) and the beneficial effects lasted for at least 2 weeks (p < .05).Conclusions: The results indicate that clozapine and aripiprazole, which display 5-HT1A agonist properties, restored cognitive deficits in mice induced by adolescent toluene exposure. These findings suggest that these antipsychotics should be further explored as a potential treatment option for cognitive deficits in patients with psychosis associated with toluene exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yi Lee
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Pin Hsieh
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huan Chan
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hwei-Hsien Chen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Institute of Neuroscience, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Feng C, Jiang Y, Li S, Ge Y, Shi Y, Tang X, Le G. Methionine Restriction Improves Cognitive Ability by Alleviating Hippocampal Neuronal Apoptosis through H19 in Middle-Aged Insulin-Resistant Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:4503. [PMID: 36364766 PMCID: PMC9653609 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
LncRNA H19 has been reported to regulate apoptosis and neurological diseases. Hippocampal neuron apoptosis damages cognitive ability. Methionine restriction (MR) can improve cognitive impairment. However, the effect of MR on hippocampal neuronal apoptosis induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in middle-aged mice remains unclear. For 25 weeks, middle-aged mice (C57BL/6J) were given a control diet (CON, 0.86% methionine + 4.2% fat), a high-fat diet (HFD, 0.86% methionine + 24% fat), or an HFD + MR diet (HFMR, 0.17% methionine + 24% fat). The HT22 cells were used to establish the early apoptosis model induced by high glucose (HG). In vitro, the results showed that MR significantly improved cell viability, suppressed the generation of ROS, and rescued HT22 cell apoptosis in a gradient-dependent manner. In Vivo, MR inhibited the damage and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons caused by a high-fat diet, reduced hippocampal oxidative stress, improved hippocampal glucose metabolism, relieved insulin resistance, and enhanced cognitive ability. Furthermore, MR could inhibit the overexpression of H19 and caspase-3 induced by HFD, HG, or H2O2 in vivo and in vitro, and promoted let-7a, b, e expression. These results indicate that MR can protect neurons from HFD-, HG-, or H2O2-induced injury and apoptosis by inhibiting H19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuge Jiang
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shiying Li
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yueting Ge
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Yonghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guowei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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5
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Zhvania MG, Pochkhidze N, Dashniani M, Tizabi Y, Japaridze N, Burjanadze M, Chilachava L. Short- and long-term effects of chronic toluene exposure on recognition memory in adolescent and adult male Wistar rats. Brain Res Bull 2022; 190:116-121. [PMID: 36156293 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abuse of toluene-containing volatile inhalants, particularly among youth, is of significant medical and social concern worldwide. Teenagers constitute the most abundant users of toluene and the majority of adult abusers of toluene started as teenagers. Although the euphoric and neurotoxic effects of acute toluene have been widely studied, lasting effects of chronic toluene exposure, especially in various age groups, have not been well investigated. In this study, we used adolescent and adult male Wistar rats to evaluate the short- and long-term effects of chronic toluene on various behaviors including cognitive function. Daily exposure to toluene (2000 ppm) for 40 days (5min/day) resulted in age-dependent behavioral impairments. Specifically, adolescent animals showed recognition memory impairment the day after the last exposure, which had normalized by day 90 post- exposure, whereas such impairment in adult animals was still evident at day 90 post-exposure. Our data suggest that age-dependent responses should be taken into consideration in interventional attempts to overcome specific detrimental consequences of chronic toluene exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mzia G Zhvania
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State University. 3/5 K. Cholokashvili Avenue,0162 Tbilisi, Georgia; Department of Brain Ultrastructure and Nanoarchitecture, Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 14 Gotua Street, 0160 Tbilisi, Georgia.
| | - Nino Pochkhidze
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State University. 3/5 K. Cholokashvili Avenue,0162 Tbilisi, Georgia; Department of Brain Ultrastructure and Nanoarchitecture, Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 14 Gotua Street, 0160 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Manana Dashniani
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Functions, Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 14 Gotua Street, 0160 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nadezhda Japaridze
- Department of Brain Ultrastructure and Nanoarchitecture, Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 14 Gotua Street, 0160 Tbilisi, Georgia; Medical School, New Vision University, 1A Evgeni Mikeladze Street, 0159 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Maia Burjanadze
- Department of Behavior and Cognitive Functions, Ivane Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, 14 Gotua Street, 0160 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Lela Chilachava
- School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State University. 3/5 K. Cholokashvili Avenue,0162 Tbilisi, Georgia
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Malloul H, Bonzano S, Bennis M, De Marchis S, Ba-M'hamed S. Chronic thinner inhalation alters olfactory behaviors in adult mice. Behav Brain Res 2022; 417:113597. [PMID: 34563601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Volatile solvents exposure can result in various behavioral impairments that have been partly associated to altered adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Despite recent evidence supporting this association, few studies have been devoted to examine the impact on olfactory functioning and olfactory bulb (OB) neurogenesis, although olfactory system is directly in contact with volatile molecules. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate in adult mice the potential modifications of the olfactory functioning after acute (1 day), subchronic (6 weeks) and chronic (12 weeks) exposure to thinner vapor at both behavioral and cellular levels. Firstly, behavioral evaluations showed that chronic thinner exposure impacts on odor detection ability of treated mice but does not affect mice ability to efficiently discriminate between two different odors. Moreover, chronic thinner exposure produces impairment in the olfactory-mediated associative memory. Secondly, analysis of the effects of thinner exposure in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and in the OB revealed that thinner treatments do not induce apoptosis nor glial activation. Thirdly, immunohistochemical quantification of different markers of adult olfactory neurogenesis showed that inhalant treatments do not change the number of proliferating progenitors in the SVZ and the rostral migratory stream (RMS), as well as the number of newborn cells reaching and integrating in the OB circuitry. Altogether, our data highlight that the impaired olfactory performances in chronically-exposed mice are not associated to an alteration of adult neurogenesis in the SVZ-OB system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Malloul
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco; Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy
| | - Sara Bonzano
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy
| | - Mohammed Bennis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
| | - Silvia De Marchis
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy
| | - Saadia Ba-M'hamed
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
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Mulati A, Zhang X, Zhao T, Ren B, Wang L, Liu X, Lan Y, Liu X. Isorhamnetin attenuates high-fat and high-fructose diet induced cognitive impairments and neuroinflammation by mediating MAPK and NFκB signaling pathways. Food Funct 2021; 12:9261-9272. [PMID: 34606526 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo03165h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Isorhamnetin (ISO), a flavonoid compound isolated from sea-buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) fruit, has anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of ISO on neuroinflammation and cognitive function are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of ISO on cognitive impairment in obese mice induced by a high-fat and high fructose diet (HFFD). It has been found that oral administration of ISO (0.03% w/w and 0.06% w/w) for 14 weeks significantly reduced the body weight, food intake, liver weight, liver lipid level, and serum lipid level of HFFD-fed mice. ISO can also significantly prevent HFFD-induced neuronal working, spatial, and long-term memory impairment. Notably, the ISO treatment activated the CREB/BDNF pathway and increased neurotrophic factors in the brains of mice. Furthermore, ISO inhibited HFFD-induced microglial overactivation and down-regulated inflammatory cytokines in both serum and the brain. It can also inhibit the expression of p-JNK, p-p38, and p-NFκB protein in the mouse brain. In conclusion, these results indicated that ISO mitigated HFFD-induced cognitive impairments by inhibiting the MAPK and NFκB signaling pathways, suggesting that ISO might be a plausible nutritional intervention for metabolic syndrome-related cognitive complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiziguli Mulati
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Tong Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Bo Ren
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Ying Lan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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Cruz SL, Bowen SE. The last two decades on preclinical and clinical research on inhalant effects. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 87:106999. [PMID: 34087382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.106999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the scientific evidence generated in the last two decades on the effects and mechanisms of action of most commonly misused inhalants. In the first section, we define what inhalants are, how they are used, and their prevalence worldwide. The second section presents specific characteristics that define the main groups of inhalants: (a) organic solvents; (b) aerosols, gases, and volatile anesthetics; and (c) alkyl nitrites. We include a table with the molecular formula, structure, synonyms, uses, physicochemical properties and exposure limits of representative compounds within each group. The third and fourth sections review the direct acute and chronic effects of common inhalants on health and behavior with a summary of mechanisms of action, respectively. In the fifth section, we address inhalant intoxication signs and available treatment. The sixth section examines the health effects, intoxication, and treatment of nitrites. The seventh section reviews current intervention strategies. Finally, we propose a research agenda to promote the study of (a) solvents other than toluene; (b) inhalant mixtures; (c) effects in combination with other drugs of abuse; (d) age and (e) sex differences in inhalant effects; (f) the long-lasting behavioral effects of animals exposed in utero to inhalants; (g) abstinence signs and neurochemical changes after interrupting inhalant exposure; (h) brain networks involved in inhalant effects; and finally (i) strategies to promote recovery of inhalant users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia L Cruz
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Center of Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Calzada de los Tenorios No. 235, Col. Granjas Coapa, México City 14330, México.
| | - Scott E Bowen
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, 5057 Woodward Ave., Suite 7906.1, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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Crossin R, Arunogiri S. Harms associated with inhalant misuse in adolescent females - a review of the pre-clinical and clinical evidence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 216:108232. [PMID: 32862119 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhalant misuse, or the misuse of products containing toluene is common in adolescents, and is associated with diverse physiological and psychological harms. Females comprise over half those who misuse inhalants in adolescence, however, the majority of the evidence has been derived from male-only or mixed-sex studies without exploration of sex differences. Female adolescence is a critical maturational period with potential for growth, reproductive, cognitive and psychological harms that may lead to long-term health consequences. We therefore summarise evidence of female-specific harms arising from inhalant misuse. METHODS We synthesised pre-clinical and clinical studies of inhalant misuse which were conducted in females, or where sex-differences were reported, into a narrative literature review. RESULTS Females experience growth impairments and metabolic dysfunction arising from inhalant misuse, but data on sex-differences are inconclusive. Inhalant misuse in early adolescence may impact menarche and subsequent reproductive capacity, but studies have predominantly focused on the effects of inhalants on offspring rather than on the exposed female. There is limited evidence of sex-differences in relation to cognitive outcomes following exposure to inhalants in pre-clinical models. Females are at an increased risk of psychological harms associated with inhalant misuse, particularly depression and suicidal behaviour. CONCLUSIONS The type and magnitude of harms associated with inhalant misuse are sex-specific, but data are limited. We recommend that both pre-clinical and clinical studies of inhalant misuse include both males and females, and should specifically test for and report sex-differences. This can be used to build an evidence base for screening and interventions tailored to females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Crossin
- Department of Population Health, University of Otago Christchurch campus, 34 Gloucester Street, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia.
| | - Shalini Arunogiri
- Central Clinical School, Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Level 4, 607 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia; Turning Point, Eastern Health, 110 Church Street, Richmond, Melbourne, Victoria, 3121, Australia
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10
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Hsieh CP, Chen H, Chan MH, Chen L, Chen HH. N,N-dimethylglycine prevents toluene-induced impairment in recognition memory and synaptic plasticity in mice. Toxicology 2020; 446:152613. [PMID: 33086094 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Toluene intoxication produces deleterious effects on cognitive function, which has been associated with the inhibition of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). The present study determined whether N,N-dimethylglycine (DMG), a nutrient supplement and a partial agonist for NMDAR glycine binding site, could counteract recognition memory deficits and hippocampal synaptic dysfunction after acute toluene exposure. Male ICR mice were treated with toluene (250-750 mg/kg) for monitoring the sociability and social novelty in three-chamber test and long-term potentiation (LTP) of hippocampal synaptic transmission. Moreover, the combined effects of DMG (30-100 mg/kg) pretreatment with toluene (750 mg/kg) on three-chamber test, novel location and object recognition test and synaptic function were determined. Toluene decreased the sociability, preference for social novelty, hippocampal synaptic transmission and LTP in a dose-dependent manner. DMG pretreatment significantly reduced the toluene-induced memory impairment in social recognition, object location and object recognition and synaptic dysfunction. Furthermore, NMDAR glycine binding site antagonist, 7-chlorokynurenic acid, abolished the protective effects of DMG. These results indicate that DMG could prevent toluene-induced recognition memory deficits and synaptic dysfunction and its beneficial effects might be associated with modulation of NMDAR. These findings suggest that DMG supplementation might be an effective approach to prevent memory problems for the workers at risk of high-level toluene exposure or toluene abusers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Pin Hsieh
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Rd. Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huan Chan
- Institute of Neuroscience, 64, Sec. 2, Zhinan Road, Taipei, 11605, Taiwan; Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, 64, Sec. 2, Zhinan Road, Taipei, 11605, Taiwan
| | - Linyi Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hwei-Hsien Chen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Rd. Zhunan, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan; Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
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11
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Khalaf NEA, El Banna FM, Youssef MY, Mosaad YM, Daba MHY, Ashour RH. Clopidogrel combats neuroinflammation and enhances learning behavior and memory in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 195:172956. [PMID: 32474163 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Multiple molecular mechanisms have been employed in its pathogenesis such as Amyloid β (Aβ) formation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, reduced acetylcholine (ACh) level, and neuroinflammation. This study aimed to assess the possible neuroprotective effect of clopidogrel in AD model induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl3) in rats. METHODS Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four different groups: Control, AlCl3, AlCl3 + donepezil, and AlCl3 + Clopidogrel. AlCl3 and the drugs were given orally once/day for 42 days. The spatial learning and memory and recognition memory were evaluated using Morris Water Maze (MWM) and Novel Object Recognition (NOR) tests, respectively. After euthanasia, hippocampal acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were biochemically assessed. Moreover, amyloid precursor protein (APP) mRNA gene expression was analyzed in the hippocampi of all rats. Histopathology for amyloid plaques was done. RESULTS Clopidogrel co-treatment significantly ameliorated the cognitive deficits induced by AlCl3 in rats. Besides, clopidogrel significantly reduced AChE activity, TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations, and APP mRNA gene expression in the hippocampi of rats compared to AlCl3 rats. The decrease of hippocampal TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations by clopidogrel was significant compared to donepezil co-treated rats. Clopidogrel co-treatment lessened amyloid plaque deposition in the hippocampal tissues of rats compared to AlCl3 rats. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that clopidogrel could alleviate learning and memory deficit induced by AlCl3 in rats and significantly reduced AChE activity. The neuroprotective outcome of clopidogrel might be assigned to its anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura El Adle Khalaf
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | | | | | | | | | - Rehab Hamdy Ashour
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
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Mulati A, Ma S, Zhang H, Ren B, Zhao B, Wang L, Liu X, Zhao T, Kamanova S, Sair AT, Liu Z, Liu X. Sea-Buckthorn Flavonoids Alleviate High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Inhibiting Insulin Resistance and Neuroinflammation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5835-5846. [PMID: 32363873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sea-buckthorn flavonoids (SFs) have been used as functional food components for their bioactive potential in preventing metabolic complications caused by diet, such as obesity and inflammation. However, the protective effect of SFs on cognitive functions is not fully clear. In this study, a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD)-induced obese mice model was treated with SFs for 14 weeks. It was found that the oral SF administration (0.06% and 0.31% w/w, mixed in diet) significantly reduced bodyweight gain and insulin resistance in the HFFD-fed mice. SFs significantly prevented HFFD-induced neuronal loss and memory impairment in behavioral tests. Additionally, SFs also suppressed the HFFD-induced synaptic dysfunction and neuronal damages by increasing the protein expressions of PSD-95. Furthermore, SF treatment activated the ERK/CREB/BDNF and IRS-1/AKT pathways and inactivated the NF-κB signaling and its downstream inflammatory mediator expressions. In conclusion, SFs are a potential nutraceutical to prevent high-energy density diet-induced cognitive impairments, which could be possibly explained by their mediating effects on insulin signaling and inflammatory responses in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiziguli Mulati
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Shaobo Ma
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Bo Ren
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Beita Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Svetlana Kamanova
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Ali Tahir Sair
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
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Xu Y, Yang Y, Sun J, Zhang Y, Luo T, Li B, Jiang Y, Shi Y, Le G. Dietary methionine restriction ameliorates the impairment of learning and memory function induced by obesity in mice. Food Funct 2019; 10:1411-1425. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01922c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dietary methionine restriction improves impairment of learning and memory function induced by obesity, likely by increasing H2S production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
| | - Yuhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
| | - Jin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Tingyu Luo
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Bowen Li
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Yuge Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
| | - Yonghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
| | - Guowei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering
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Delfino-Pereira P, Bertti-Dutra P, de Lima Umeoka EH, de Oliveira JAC, Santos VR, Fernandes A, Marroni SS, Del Vecchio F, Garcia-Cairasco N. Intense olfactory stimulation blocks seizures in an experimental model of epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 79:213-224. [PMID: 29346088 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
There are reports of patients whose epileptic seizures are prevented by means of olfactory stimulation. Similar findings were described in animal models of epilepsy, such as the electrical kindling of amygdala, where olfactory stimulation with toluene (TOL) suppressed seizures in most rats, even when the stimuli were 20% above the threshold to evoke seizures in already kindled animals. The Wistar Audiogenic Rat (WAR) strain is a model of tonic-clonic seizures induced by acute acoustic stimulation, although it also expresses limbic seizures when repeated acoustic stimulation occurs - a process known as audiogenic kindling (AK). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether or not the olfactory stimulation with TOL would interfere on the behavioral expression of brainstem (acute) and limbic (chronic) seizures in the WAR strain. For this, animals were exposed to TOL or saline (SAL) and subsequently exposed to acoustic stimulation in two conditions that generated: I) acute audiogenic seizures (only one acoustic stimulus, without previous seizure experience before of the odor test) and II) after AK (20 acoustic stimuli [2 daily] before of the protocol test). We observed a decrease in the seizure severity index of animals exposed only to TOL in both conditions, with TOL presented 20s before the acoustic stimulation in both protocols. These findings were confirmed by behavioral sequential analysis (neuroethology), which clearly indicated an exacerbation of clusters of specific behaviors such as exploration and grooming (self-cleaning), as well as significant decrease in the expression of brainstem and limbic seizures in response to TOL. Thus, these data demonstrate that TOL, a strong olfactory stimulus, has anticonvulsant properties, detected by the decrease of acute and AK seizures in WARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polianna Delfino-Pereira
- Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Universiy of São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Campus Universitário S/N, 4° Andar, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14048-900, Brazil
| | - Poliana Bertti-Dutra
- Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Universiy of São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Campus Universitário S/N, 4° Andar, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14048-900, Brazil; Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Prédio Central, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Henrique de Lima Umeoka
- Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Universiy of São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Campus Universitário S/N, 4° Andar, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14048-900, Brazil; Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Prédio Central, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14049-900, Brazil
| | - José Antônio Cortes de Oliveira
- Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Prédio Central, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Victor Rodrigues Santos
- Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Prédio Central, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Artur Fernandes
- Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Prédio Central, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14049-900, Brazil; Genetics Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Simone Saldanha Marroni
- Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Universiy of São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Campus Universitário S/N, 4° Andar, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14048-900, Brazil; Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Prédio Central, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Flávio Del Vecchio
- Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Prédio Central, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Norberto Garcia-Cairasco
- Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, Universiy of São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Campus Universitário S/N, 4° Andar, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14048-900, Brazil; Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Prédio Central, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP: 14049-900, Brazil.
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Abstract
The field of psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) aims to uncover the processes and consequences of nervous, immune, and endocrine system relationships. Behavior is a consequence of such interactions and manifests from a complex interweave of factors including immune-to-neural and neural-to-immune communication. Often the signaling molecules involved during a particular episode of neuroimmune activation are not known but behavioral response provides evidence that bioactives such as neurotransmitters and cytokines are perturbed. Immunobehavioral phenotyping is a first-line approach when examining the neuroimmune system and its reaction to immune stimulation or suppression. Behavioral response is significantly more sensitive than direct measurement of a single specific bioactive and can quickly and efficiently rule in or out relevance of a particular immune challenge or therapeutic to neuroimmunity. Classically, immunobehavioral research was focused on sickness symptoms related to bacterial infection but neuroimmune activation is now a recognized complication of diseases and disorders ranging from cancer to diabesity to Alzheimer's. Immunobehaviors include lethargy, loss of appetite, and disinterest in social activity/surrounding environment. In addition, neuroimmune activation can diminish physical activity, precipitate feelings of depression and anxiety, and impair cognitive and executive function. Provided is a detailed overview of behavioral tests frequently used to examine neuroimmune activation in mice with a special emphasis on pre-experimental conditions that can confound or prevent successful immunobehavioral experimentation.
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Malloul H, Mahdani FM, Bennis M, Ba-M'hamed S. Prenatal Exposure to Paint Thinner Alters Postnatal Development and Behavior in Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:171. [PMID: 28959195 PMCID: PMC5604056 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Occupational exposure and sniffing of volatile organic solvents continue to be a worldwide health problem, raising the risk for teratogenic sequelae of maternal inhalant abuse. Real life exposures usually involve simultaneous exposures to multiple solvents, and almost all the abused solvents contain a mixture of two or more different volatile compounds. However, several studies examined the teratogenicity due to industrial exposure to a single volatile solvent but investigating the teratogenic potential of complex chemical mixture such as thinner remains unexplored. This study was undertaken to evaluate developmental neurotoxicity of paint thinner using a mouse model. Mated female mice (N = 21) were, therefore, exposed to repeated and brief inhalation episodes of 0, 300 or 600 ppm of thinner during the entire period of pregnancy. Females weigh was recorded and their standard fertility and reproductive parameters were assessed. After birth postnatal day 1 (PND1), offspring (N = 88) length and body weight were measured in a daily basis. At PND5, the pups were assessed for their postnatal growth, physical maturation, reflex development, neuromotor abilities, sensory function, activity level, anxiety, depression, learning and memory functions. At adulthood, structural changes of the hippocampus were examined by estimating the total volume of the dentate gyrus. Except one case of thinner induced abortion at the higher dose, our results showed that the prenatal exposure to the solvent did not cause any maternal toxicity or decrease in the viability of the offspring. Therefore, a lower birth weight, decrease in the litter size and delayed reflexes ontogeny were registered in prenatally exposed offspring to both 300 ppm and 600 ppm of thinner. In addition, prenatally exposure to thinner resulted in increased anxiolytic- and depression-like behaviors. In contrast, impaired learning and memory functions and decreased hippocampal dentate gyrus volume were revealed only in the prenatally treated offspring by 600 ppm of thinner. Based on these results, we can conclude that prenatally exposure to paint thinner causes a long-lasting developmental neurotoxicity and alters a wide range of behavioral functions in mice. This shows the risk that mothers who abuse thinner paint expose their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Malloul
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology and Behavior (URAC-37), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi AyyadMarrakech, Morocco
| | - Ferdaousse M Mahdani
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology and Behavior (URAC-37), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi AyyadMarrakech, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Bennis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology and Behavior (URAC-37), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi AyyadMarrakech, Morocco
| | - Saadia Ba-M'hamed
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology and Behavior (URAC-37), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi AyyadMarrakech, Morocco
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17
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Ran Y, Yan B, Li Z, Ding Y, Shi Y, Le G. Dityrosine administration induces novel object recognition deficits in young adulthood mice. Physiol Behav 2016; 164:292-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Chronic toluene exposure induces cell proliferation in the mice SVZ but not migration through the RMS. Neurosci Lett 2014; 575:101-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Cruz SL, Rivera-García MT, Woodward JJ. Review of toluene action: clinical evidence, animal studies and molecular targets. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 3. [PMID: 25360325 DOI: 10.4303/jdar/235840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
It has long been known that individuals will engage in voluntary inhalation of volatile solvents for their rewarding effects. However, research into the neurobiology of these agents has lagged behind that of more commonly used drugs of abuse such as psychostimulants, alcohol and nicotine. This imbalance has begun to shift in recent years as the serious effects of abused inhalants, especially among children and adolescents, on brain function and behavior have become appreciated and scientifically documented. In this review, we discuss the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of toluene, a representative member of a large class of organic solvents commonly used as inhalants. This is followed by a brief summary of the clinical and pre-clinical evidence showing that toluene and related solvents produce significant effects on brain structures and processes involved in the rewarding aspects of drugs. This is highlighted by tables highlighting toluene's effect on behaviors (reward, motor effects, learning, etc.) and cellular proteins (e.g. voltage and ligand-gated ion channels) closely associated the actions of abused substances. These sections demonstrate not only the significant progress that has been made in understanding the neurobiological basis for solvent abuse but also reveal the challenges that remain in developing a coherent understanding of this often overlooked class of drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia L Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Cinvestav, México, D.F., University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | | | - John J Woodward
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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Impairment of novel object recognition in adulthood after neonatal exposure to diazinon. Arch Toxicol 2012; 87:753-62. [PMID: 23212306 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-012-0989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Diazinon is an organophosphate pesticide that is still heavily used in agriculture, home gardening, and indoor pest control in Japan. The present study investigated the effect of neonatal exposure to diazinon on hippocampus-dependent novel object recognition test performance and the expression of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and its signal transduction pathway-related genes in the hippocampi of young adult and adult mice. Male offspring of C3H/HeN mice were subcutaneously treated with 0, 0.5, or 5 mg/kg of diazinon for 4 consecutive days beginning on postnatal day (PND) 8. Beginning on PND 46 or PND 81, a novel object recognition test was performed on 4 consecutive days. The hippocampi were collected on PND 50 or PND 85 after the completion of the novel object recognition test, and the expression levels of neurotrophins and the NMDA receptor and its signal transduction pathway-related genes were examined using real-time RT-PCR. Diazinon-injected mice exhibited a poor ability to discriminate between novel and familiar objects during both the PND 49 and the PND 84 tests. The NMDA receptor subunits NR1 and NR2B and the related protein kinase calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK)-IV and the transcription factor cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein (CREB)-1 mRNA levels were reduced in the PND 50 mice. However, no significant changes in the expressions of the NMDA subunits and their signal transduction molecules were observed in the hippocampi of the PND 85 mice. The expression level of nerve growth factor mRNA was significantly reduced in the PND 50 or 85 mice. These results indicate that neonatal diazinon exposure impaired the hippocampus-dependent novel object recognition ability, accompanied by a modulation in the expressions of the NMDA receptor and neurotrophin in young adult and adult mice.
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Chan MH, Chung SS, Stoker AK, Markou A, Chen HH. Sarcosine attenuates toluene-induced motor incoordination, memory impairment, and hypothermia but not brain stimulation reward enhancement in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 265:158-65. [PMID: 23067721 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Toluene, a widely used and commonly abused organic solvent, produces various behavioral disturbances, including motor incoordination and cognitive impairment. Toluene alters the function of a large number of receptors and ion channels. Blockade of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors has been suggested to play a critical role in toluene-induced behavioral manifestations. The present study determined the effects of various toluene doses on motor coordination, recognition memory, body temperature, and intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) thresholds in mice. Additionally, the effects of sarcosine on the behavioral and physiological effects induced by toluene were evaluated. Sarcosine may reverse toluene-induced behavioral manifestations by acting as an NMDA receptor co-agonist and by inhibiting the effects of the type I glycine transporter (GlyT1). Mice were treated with toluene alone or combined with sarcosine pretreatment and assessed for rotarod performance, object recognition memory, rectal temperature, and ICSS thresholds. Toluene dose-dependently induced motor incoordination, recognition memory impairment, and hypothermia and lowered ICSS thresholds. Sarcosine pretreatment reversed toluene-induced changes in rotarod performance, novel object recognition, and rectal temperature but not ICSS thresholds. These findings suggest that the sarcosine-induced potentiation of NMDA receptors may reverse motor incoordination, memory impairment, and hypothermia but not the enhancement of brain stimulation reward function associated with toluene exposure. Sarcosine may be a promising compound to prevent acute toluene intoxications by occupational or intentional exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Huan Chan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Mazzone CM, Larese TP, Kiraly DD, Eipper BA, Mains RE. Analysis of kalirin-7 knockout mice reveals different effects in female mice. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 82:1241-9. [PMID: 22989522 DOI: 10.1124/mol.112.080838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol treatment of ovariectomized rodents is known to affect the morphology of dendritic spines and produce behavioral and cognitive effects. Kalirin-7 (Kal7), a postsynaptic density (PSD)-localized Rho-guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is important for dendritic spine formation and stability. Male Kal7 knockout [Kal7(KO)] mice exhibit a number of abnormal behavioral and biochemical phenotypes. Given that chronic 17β-estradiol (E2) replacement of ovariectomized rats enhanced Kal7 expression in the hippocampus and primary hippocampal cultures, we assessed the behavioral and biochemical effects of chronic E2 treatment of ovariectomized female wild-type and Kal7(KO) mice. Both intact and ovariectomized Kal7(KO) female mice exhibited decreased anxiety-like behavior compared with the corresponding wild type in the elevated zero maze and were unaffected by E2 treatment. Chronic E2 decreased locomotor activity in the open field and enhanced performance in a passive-avoidance fear conditioning task, which were both unaffected by genotype. Kal7(KO) female mice engaged in significantly more object exploration, both familiar and novel, than did wild-type females. E2 enhanced the acute locomotor response to cocaine, with no significant effect of genotype. Similar to Kal7(KO) males, Kal7(KO) females had decreased levels of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 2B in hippocampal PSD fractions with no effect of E2 treatment. The differing behavioral effects of Kal7 ablation in female and male mice may offer insight into the molecular underpinnings of these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Mazzone
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3401, USA
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Gmaz JM, Matthews BA, McKay BE. Toluene inhalation modulates dentate gyrus granule cell output in vivo. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2012; 34:403-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2012.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Win-Shwe TT, Fujimaki H, Fujitani Y, Hirano S. Novel object recognition ability in female mice following exposure to nanoparticle-rich diesel exhaust. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 262:355-62. [PMID: 22659509 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently, our laboratory reported that exposure to nanoparticle-rich diesel exhaust (NRDE) for 3 months impaired hippocampus-dependent spatial learning ability and up-regulated the expressions of memory function-related genes in the hippocampus of female mice. However, whether NRDE affects the hippocampus-dependent non-spatial learning ability and the mechanism of NRDE-induced neurotoxicity was unknown. Female BALB/c mice were exposed to clean air, middle-dose NRDE (M-NRDE, 47 μg/m(3)), high-dose NRDE (H-NRDE, 129 μg/m(3)), or filtered H-NRDE (F-DE) for 3 months. We then investigated the effect of NRDE exposure on non-spatial learning ability and the expression of genes related to glutamate neurotransmission using a novel object recognition test and a real-time RT-PCR analysis, respectively. We also examined microglia marker Iba1 immunoreactivity in the hippocampus using immunohistochemical analyses. Mice exposed to H-NRDE or F-DE could not discriminate between familiar and novel objects. The control and M-NRDE-exposed groups showed a significantly increased discrimination index, compared to the H-NRDE-exposed group. Although no significant changes in the expression levels of the NMDA receptor subunits were observed, the expression of glutamate transporter EAAT4 was decreased and that of glutamic acid decarboxylase GAD65 was increased in the hippocampus of H-NRDE-exposed mice, compared with the expression levels in control mice. We also found that microglia activation was prominent in the hippocampal area of the H-NRDE-exposed mice, compared with the other groups. These results indicated that exposure to NRDE for 3 months impaired the novel object recognition ability. The present study suggests that genes related to glutamate metabolism may be involved in the NRDE-induced neurotoxicity observed in the present mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin-Tin Win-Shwe
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
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York JM, Blevins NA, Baynard T, Freund GG. Mouse testing methods in psychoneuroimmunology: an overview of how to measure sickness, depressive/anxietal, cognitive, and physical activity behaviors. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 934:243-276. [PMID: 22933150 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-071-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The field of psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) aims to uncover the processes and consequences of nervous, immune, and endocrine system relationships. Behavior is a consequence of such interactions and manifests from a complex interweave of factors including immune-to-neural and neural-to-immune communication. Often the signaling molecules involved during a particular episode of neuroimmune activation are not known but behavioral response provides evidence that bioactives such as neurotransmitters and cytokines are perturbed. Immunobehavioral phenotyping is a first-line approach when examining the neuroimmune system and its reaction to immune stimulation or suppression. Behavioral response is significantly more sensitive than direct measurement of a single specific bioactive and can quickly and efficiently rule in or out relevance of a particular immune challenge or therapeutic to neuroimmunity. Classically, immunobehavioral research was focused on sickness symptoms related to bacterial infection but neuroimmune activation is now a recognized complication of diseases and disorders ranging from cancer to diabesity. Immunobehaviors include lethargy, loss of appetite, and disinterest in social activity and the surrounding environment. In addition, neuroimmune activation can precipitate feelings of depression and anxiety while negatively impacting cognitive function and physical activity. Provided is a detailed overview of behavioral tests frequently used to examine neuroimmune activation in mice with a special emphasis on preexperimental conditions that can confound or prevent successful immunobehavioral experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M York
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
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