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Han Y, Sun Y, Yang F, Liu Q, Fei W, Qiu W, Wang J, Li L, Zhang X, Wang A, Cui Y. Non-invasive imaging of pathological scars using a portable handheld two-photon microscope. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:329-337. [PMID: 37519215 PMCID: PMC10836882 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological scars are a disorder that can lead to various cosmetic, psychological, and functional problems, and no effective assessment methods are currently available. Assessment and treatment of pathological scars are based on cutaneous manifestations. A two-photon microscope (TPM) with the potential for real-time non-invasive assessment may help determine the under-surface pathophysiological conditions in vivo . This study used a portable handheld TPM to image epidermal cells and dermal collagen structures in pathological scars and normal skin in vivo to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment in scar patients. METHODS Fifteen patients with pathological scars and three healthy controls were recruited. Imaging was performed using a portable handheld TPM. Five indexes were extracted from two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) perspectives, including collagen depth, dermo-epidermal junction (DEJ) contour ratio, thickness, orientation, and occupation (proportion of collagen fibers in the field of view) of collagen. Two depth-dependent indexes were computed through the 3D second harmonic generation image and three morphology-related indexes from the 2D images. We assessed index differences between scar and normal skin and changes before and after treatment. RESULTS Pathological scars and normal skin differed markedly regarding the epidermal morphological structure and the spectral characteristics of collagen fibers. Five indexes were employed to distinguish between normal skin and scar tissue. Statistically significant differences were found in average depth ( t = 9.917, P <0.001), thickness ( t = 4.037, P <0.001), occupation ( t = 2.169, P <0.050), orientation of collagen ( t = 3.669, P <0.001), and the DEJ contour ratio ( t = 5.105, P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Use of portable handheld TPM can distinguish collagen from skin tissues; thus, it is more suitable for scar imaging than reflectance confocal microscopy. Thus, a TPM may be an auxiliary tool for scar treatment selection and assessing treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuxuan Sun
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Feili Yang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Qingwu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenmin Fei
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Wenzhuo Qiu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Linshuang Li
- Beijing Transcend Vivoscope Biotech, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
- Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Aimin Wang
- School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
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Szczepanik M, Balicki I, Śmiech A, Szadkowski M, Gołyński M, Osęka M, Zwolska J. The use of optical coherence tomography for skin evaluation in healthy rats – A pilot study. Vet Dermatol 2022; 33:296-e69. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Szczepanik
- Subdepartment of Clinical Diagnostics and Veterinary Dermatology Department and Clinic of Internal Animal Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences in Lublin Lublin Poland
| | - Ireneusz Balicki
- Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery Department and Clinic of Internal Animal Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences in Lublin Lublin Poland
| | - Anna Śmiech
- Subdepartment of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department and Clinic of Internal Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences in Lublin Lublin Poland
| | - Mateusz Szadkowski
- Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery Department and Clinic of Internal Animal Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences in Lublin Lublin Poland
| | - Marcin Gołyński
- Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences Toruń Poland
| | | | - Jowita Zwolska
- Department and Clinic of Animal Surgery Department and Clinic of Internal Animal Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Life Sciences in Lublin Lublin Poland
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Soundararajan R, Hsu TW, Qin Y, Huang SL. Depth-dependent in vivo human skin backscattering spectra extraction from full-field optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202100249. [PMID: 34662510 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With homemade active crystalline fibers, we generated bright and broadband light sources for full-field optical coherence tomography, offering deep penetration into skin tissues with cellular resolution at a high frame rate. Extraction of backscattered spectra from the tissue has potential applications in biomedicine. The hysteresis nonlinearity of the piezoelectric transducer actuating the Mirau interferometer has been greatly reduced by a feedforward compensation approach. The linearized hysteresis response enables us to extract depth-dependent spectra accurately. To validate, the complex dispersion of a fused silica plate was characterized with 2% error. Further validation on an in vitro setting, the backscattered spectra from indocyanine green pigment and nonpigmented microspheres were obtained and verified. For in vivo skin measurement, the backscattered spectra show depth-dependent spectral shift and bandwidth variation due to the complex skin anatomy and pigment absorption. Such a high-speed spectra acquisition of in vivo deep tissue backscattering could lead to disease diagnosis in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Soundararajan
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wei Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yanding Qin
- Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System, College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sheng-Lung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Jartarkar SR, Patil A, Wollina U, Gold MH, Stege H, Grabbe S, Goldust M. New diagnostic and imaging technologies in dermatology. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:3782-3787. [PMID: 34652880 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diagnosis of dermatological disorders is primarily based on clinical examination in combination with histopathology. However, clinical findings alone may not be sufficient for accurate diagnosis and cutaneous biopsies are being associated with morbidity. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to review the newer technologies along with their applications, limitation and future prospectus. METHODOLOGY Comprehensive literature search was performed using electronic online databases "PubMed" and "Google Scholar". Articles published in English language were considered for the review. RESULTS In order to improve and/or widen the armamentarium in dermatologic disease diagnosis and therapy, newer emerging technologies are being made available which aid in diagnosis and management. New emerging technologies include confocal microscopy, digital photographic imaging, optical coherence tomography, high frequency ultrasonography, and artificial intelligence. There have been advancements in the dermoscopes. CONCLUSION Significant progress is seen in the diagnostic methods and imaging technologies in dermatology, each having its advantages and limitations. Artificial intelligence/machine-based learning software may have a great scope to influence the dermatological practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishira R Jartarkar
- Department of Dermatology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bangalore, India
| | - Anant Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Uwe Wollina
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael H Gold
- Gold Skin Care Center, Tennessee Clinical Research Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Henner Stege
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Leitgeb R, Placzek F, Rank E, Krainz L, Haindl R, Li Q, Liu M, Andreana M, Unterhuber A, Schmoll T, Drexler W. Enhanced medical diagnosis for dOCTors: a perspective of optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210150-PER. [PMID: 34672145 PMCID: PMC8528212 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.10.100601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE After three decades, more than 75,000 publications, tens of companies being involved in its commercialization, and a global market perspective of about USD 1.5 billion in 2023, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become one of the fastest successfully translated imaging techniques with substantial clinical and economic impacts and acceptance. AIM Our perspective focuses on disruptive forward-looking innovations and key technologies to further boost OCT performance and therefore enable significantly enhanced medical diagnosis. APPROACH A comprehensive review of state-of-the-art accomplishments in OCT has been performed. RESULTS The most disruptive future OCT innovations include imaging resolution and speed (single-beam raster scanning versus parallelization) improvement, new implementations for dual modality or even multimodality systems, and using endogenous or exogenous contrast in these hybrid OCT systems targeting molecular and metabolic imaging. Aside from OCT angiography, no other functional or contrast enhancing OCT extension has accomplished comparable clinical and commercial impacts. Some more recently developed extensions, e.g., optical coherence elastography, dynamic contrast OCT, optoretinography, and artificial intelligence enhanced OCT are also considered with high potential for the future. In addition, OCT miniaturization for portable, compact, handheld, and/or cost-effective capsule-based OCT applications, home-OCT, and self-OCT systems based on micro-optic assemblies or photonic integrated circuits will revolutionize new applications and availability in the near future. Finally, clinical translation of OCT including medical device regulatory challenges will continue to be absolutely essential. CONCLUSIONS With its exquisite non-invasive, micrometer resolution depth sectioning capability, OCT has especially revolutionized ophthalmic diagnosis and hence is the fastest adopted imaging technology in the history of ophthalmology. Nonetheless, OCT has not been completely exploited and has substantial growth potential-in academics as well as in industry. This applies not only to the ophthalmic application field, but also especially to the original motivation of OCT to enable optical biopsy, i.e., the in situ imaging of tissue microstructure with a resolution approaching that of histology but without the need for tissue excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Leitgeb
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Christian Doppler Laboratory OPTRAMED, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabian Placzek
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabet Rank
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Krainz
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Haindl
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Qian Li
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mengyang Liu
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Andreana
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Unterhuber
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tilman Schmoll
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
- Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, California, United States
| | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Vienna, Austria
- Address all correspondence to Wolfgang Drexler,
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Jung JM, Cho JY, Lee WJ, Chang SE, Lee MW, Won CH. Emerging Minimally Invasive Technologies for the Detection of Skin Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:951. [PMID: 34683091 PMCID: PMC8538732 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of skin cancer, many noninvasive technologies to detect its presence have been developed. This review focuses on reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS), electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), pigmented lesion assay (PLA), and Raman spectroscopy (RS) and discusses the basic principle, clinical applications, advantages, and disadvantages of each technology. RCM provides high cellular resolution and has high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of skin cancer. OCT provides lower resolution than RCM, although its evaluable depth is deeper than that of RCM. RCM and OCT may be useful in reducing the number of unnecessary biopsies, evaluating the tumor margin, and monitoring treatment response. HFUS can be mainly used to delineate tumor depths or margins and monitor the treatment response. EIS provides high sensitivity but low specificity for the diagnosis of skin malignancies. PLA, which is based on the genetic information of lesions, is applicable for the detection of melanoma with high sensitivity and moderate-to-high specificity. RS showed high accuracy for the diagnosis of skin cancer, although more clinical studies are required. Advances in these technologies for the diagnosis of skin cancer can lead to the realization of optimized and individualized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Min Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.M.J.); (W.J.L.); (S.E.C.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Ji Young Cho
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea;
| | - Woo Jin Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.M.J.); (W.J.L.); (S.E.C.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.M.J.); (W.J.L.); (S.E.C.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Mi Woo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.M.J.); (W.J.L.); (S.E.C.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea; (J.M.J.); (W.J.L.); (S.E.C.); (M.W.L.)
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Lee M, Kannan S, Muniraj G, Rosa V, Lu WF, Fuh JYH, Sriram G, Cao T. Two-Photon Fluorescence Microscopy and Applications in Angiogenesis and Related Molecular Events. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:926-937. [PMID: 34541887 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of angiogenesis in health and disease have gained considerable momentum in recent years. Visualizing angiogenic patterns and associated events of surrounding vascular beds in response to therapeutic and laboratory-grade biomolecules have become a commonplace in regenerative medicine and the biosciences. To aid imaging investigations in angiogenesis, the two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy (2PEF), or multiphoton fluorescence microscopy is increasingly utilized in scientific investigations. The 2PEF microscope confers several distinct imaging advantages over other fluorescence excitation microscopy techniques - for the observation of in-depth, three-dimensional vascularity in a variety of tissue formats, including fixed tissue specimens and in vivo vasculature in live specimens. Understanding morphological and subcellular changes that occur in cells and tissues during angiogenesis will provide insights to behavioral responses in diseased states, advance the engineering of physiologically-relevant tissue models and provide biochemical clues for the design of therapeutic strategies. We review the applicability and limitations of the 2PEF microscope on the biophysical and molecular-level signatures of angiogenesis in various tissue models. Imaging techniques and strategies for best practices in 2PEF microscopy will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Lee
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sathya Kannan
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Giridharan Muniraj
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vinicius Rosa
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Feng Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Y H Fuh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gopu Sriram
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tong Cao
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Late Changes in the Extracellular Matrix of the Bladder after Radiation Therapy for Pelvic Tumors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091615. [PMID: 34573958 PMCID: PMC8468698 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the cardinal approaches in the treatment of malignant tumors of the pelvis. It leads to the development of radiation-induced complications in the normal tissues. Thus, the evaluation of radiation-induced changes in the extracellular matrix of the normal tissue is deemed urgent, since connective tissue stroma degradation plays a crucial role in the development of Grade 3-4 adverse effects (hemorrhage, necrosis, and fistula). Such adverse effects not only drastically reduce the patients' quality of life but can also become life-threatening. The aim of this study is to quantitatively analyze the bladder collagen state in patients who underwent radiation therapy for cervical and endometrial cancer and in patients with chronic bacterial cystitis and compare them to the normal bladder extracellular matrix. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and five patients with Grade 2-4 of radiation cystitis, 67 patients with bacterial chronic cystitis, and 20 volunteers without bladder pathology were enrolled. Collagen changes were evaluated depending on its hierarchical level: fibrils and fibers level by atomic force microscopy; fibers and bundles level by two-photon microscopy in the second harmonic generation (SHG) mode; general collagen architectonics by cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP OCT). RESULTS The main sign of the radiation-induced damage of collagen fibrils and fibers was the loss of the ordered "basket-weave" packing and a significant increase in the total area of ruptures deeper than 1 µm compared to the intact sample. The numerical analysis of SHG images detected that a decrease in the SHG signal intensity of collagen is correlated with the increase in the grade of radiation cystitis. The OCT signal brightness in cross-polarization images demonstrated a gradual decrease compared to the intact bladder depending on the grade of the adverse event. CONCLUSIONS The observed correspondence between the extracellular matrix changes at the microscopic level and at the level of the general organ architectonics allows for the consideration of CP OCT as a method of "optical biopsy" in the grading of radiation-induced collagen damage.
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Beyer T, Bidaut L, Dickson J, Kachelriess M, Kiessling F, Leitgeb R, Ma J, Shiyam Sundar LK, Theek B, Mawlawi O. What scans we will read: imaging instrumentation trends in clinical oncology. Cancer Imaging 2020; 20:38. [PMID: 32517801 PMCID: PMC7285725 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-020-00312-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncological diseases account for a significant portion of the burden on public healthcare systems with associated costs driven primarily by complex and long-lasting therapies. Through the visualization of patient-specific morphology and functional-molecular pathways, cancerous tissue can be detected and characterized non-invasively, so as to provide referring oncologists with essential information to support therapy management decisions. Following the onset of stand-alone anatomical and functional imaging, we witness a push towards integrating molecular image information through various methods, including anato-metabolic imaging (e.g., PET/CT), advanced MRI, optical or ultrasound imaging.This perspective paper highlights a number of key technological and methodological advances in imaging instrumentation related to anatomical, functional, molecular medicine and hybrid imaging, that is understood as the hardware-based combination of complementary anatomical and molecular imaging. These include novel detector technologies for ionizing radiation used in CT and nuclear medicine imaging, and novel system developments in MRI and optical as well as opto-acoustic imaging. We will also highlight new data processing methods for improved non-invasive tissue characterization. Following a general introduction to the role of imaging in oncology patient management we introduce imaging methods with well-defined clinical applications and potential for clinical translation. For each modality, we report first on the status quo and, then point to perceived technological and methodological advances in a subsequent status go section. Considering the breadth and dynamics of these developments, this perspective ends with a critical reflection on where the authors, with the majority of them being imaging experts with a background in physics and engineering, believe imaging methods will be in a few years from now.Overall, methodological and technological medical imaging advances are geared towards increased image contrast, the derivation of reproducible quantitative parameters, an increase in volume sensitivity and a reduction in overall examination time. To ensure full translation to the clinic, this progress in technologies and instrumentation is complemented by advances in relevant acquisition and image-processing protocols and improved data analysis. To this end, we should accept diagnostic images as "data", and - through the wider adoption of advanced analysis, including machine learning approaches and a "big data" concept - move to the next stage of non-invasive tumour phenotyping. The scans we will be reading in 10 years from now will likely be composed of highly diverse multi-dimensional data from multiple sources, which mandate the use of advanced and interactive visualization and analysis platforms powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) for real-time data handling by cross-specialty clinical experts with a domain knowledge that will need to go beyond that of plain imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Beyer
- QIMP Team, Centre for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20/4L, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Luc Bidaut
- College of Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - John Dickson
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Marc Kachelriess
- Division of X-ray imaging and CT, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, DE, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074, Aachen, DE, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Am Fallturm 1, 28359, Bremen, DE, Germany
| | - Rainer Leitgeb
- Centre for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, AT, Austria
| | - Jingfei Ma
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lalith Kumar Shiyam Sundar
- QIMP Team, Centre for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20/4L, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Theek
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074, Aachen, DE, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Am Fallturm 1, 28359, Bremen, DE, Germany
| | - Osama Mawlawi
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Schuetzenberger K, Pfister M, Messner A, Garhöfer G, Hohenadl C, Pfeiffenberger U, Schmetterer L, Werkmeister RM. Cutaneous optical coherence tomography for longitudinal volumetric assessment of intradermal volumes in a mouse model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4245. [PMID: 32144359 PMCID: PMC7060266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61276-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical evaluation of skin lesions requires precise and reproducible technologies for their qualitative and quantitative assessment. In this study, we investigate the applicability of a custom-built dermatologic OCT system for longitudinal assessment of intradermal volumes in a mouse model. The OCT, based on an akinetic swept laser working at 1310 nm was employed for visualization and quantification of intradermal deposits of three different hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel formulations - one commercial and two test substances. Hydrogels were applied in 22 BALB/c mice, and measurements were performed over a six-month time period. All hydrogels increased in volume within the first weeks and degraded steadily thereafter. The half-lifes of the test hydrogels (27.2 ± 13.6 weeks for Hydrogel 1, 31.5 ± 17.2 weeks for Hydrogel 2) were higher in comparison to the commercially available HA hydrogel (21.4 ± 12.0 weeks), although differences were not significant. The sphericity parameter was used for evaluation of the deposit geometry. While on the injection day the sphericities were similar (~0.75 ± 0.04), at later time points significant differences between the different test substances were found (T24: PRV 0.59 ± 0.09, Hydrogel 1 0.70 ± 0.11, Hydrogel 2 0.78 ± 0.07; p ≤ 0.012 for all pairs). This study shows the applicability of OCT imaging for quantitative assessment of the volumetric behavior of intradermal deposits in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornelia Schuetzenberger
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ocular and Dermal Effects of Thiomers, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Pfister
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ocular and Dermal Effects of Thiomers, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8-10, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alina Messner
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Garhöfer
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Hohenadl
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ocular and Dermal Effects of Thiomers, Vienna, Austria
- Croma Pharma GmbH, Cromazeile 2, 2100, Leobendorf, Austria
| | - Ulrike Pfeiffenberger
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ocular and Dermal Effects of Thiomers, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leopold Schmetterer
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ocular and Dermal Effects of Thiomers, Vienna, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road Discovery Tower Level 6, The Academia, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Dr, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- SERI-NTU Advanced Ocular Engineering (STANCE), Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Ophthalmology, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - René M Werkmeister
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ocular and Dermal Effects of Thiomers, Vienna, Austria.
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11
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Preciado D, Nolan RM, Joshi R, Krakovsky GM, Zhang A, Pudik NA, Kumar NK, Shelton RL, Boppart SA, Bauman NM. Otitis Media Middle Ear Effusion Identification and Characterization Using an Optical Coherence Tomography Otoscope. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 162:367-374. [PMID: 31959053 DOI: 10.1177/0194599819900762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility of detecting and differentiating middle ear effusions (MEEs) using an optical coherence tomography (OCT) otoscope. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING US tertiary care children's hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Seventy pediatric patients undergoing tympanostomy tube placement were preoperatively imaged using an OCT otoscope. A blinded reader quiz was conducted using 24 readers from 4 groups of tiered medical expertise. The primary outcome assessed was reader ability to detect presence/absence of MEE. A secondary outcome assessed was reader ability to differentiate serous vs nonserous MEE. RESULTS OCT image data sets were analyzed from 45 of 70 total subjects. Blinded reader analysis of an OCT data subset for detection of MEE resulted in 90.6% accuracy, 90.9% sensitivity, 90.2% specificity, and intra/interreader agreement of 92.9% and 87.1%, respectively. Differentiating MEE type, reader identification of nonserous MEE had 70.8% accuracy, 53.6% sensitivity, 80.1% specificity, and intra/interreader agreement of 82.9% and 75.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that age was the strongest predictor of OCT quality. The mean age of subjects with quality OCT was 5.01 years (n = 45), compared to 2.54 years (n = 25) in the remaining subjects imaged (P = .0028). The ability to capture quality images improved over time, from 50% to 69.4% over the study period. CONCLUSION OCT otoscopy shows promise for facilitating accurate MEE detection. The imageability with the prototype device was affected by age, with older children being easier to image, similar to current ear diagnostic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Preciado
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Health System (CNHS), Washington, DC, USA.,Sheikh Zayed Institute, CNHS, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Radhika Joshi
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Health System (CNHS), Washington, DC, USA.,Sheikh Zayed Institute, CNHS, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gina M Krakovsky
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Health System (CNHS), Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nancy M Bauman
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's National Health System (CNHS), Washington, DC, USA
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12
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Andreana M, Sentosa R, Erkkilä MT, Drexler W, Unterhuber A. Depth resolved label-free multimodal optical imaging platform to study morpho-molecular composition of tissue. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:997-1008. [PMID: 30882117 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00410b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging platforms offer a vast array of tissue information in a single image acquisition by combining complementary imaging techniques. By merging different systems, better tissue characterization can be achieved than is possible by the constituent imaging modalities alone. The combination of optical coherence tomography (OCT) with non-linear optical imaging (NLOI) techniques such as two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF), second harmonic generation (SHG) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) provides access to detailed information of tissue structure and molecular composition in a fast, label-free and non-invasive manner. We introduce a multimodal label-free approach for morpho-molecular imaging and spectroscopy and validate the system in mouse skin demonstrating the potential of the system for colocalized acquisition of OCT and NLOI signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Andreana
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Liu M, Drexler W. Optical coherence tomography angiography and photoacoustic imaging in dermatology. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:945-962. [PMID: 30735220 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00471d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a relatively novel functional extension of the widely accepted ophthalmic imaging tool named optical coherence tomography (OCT). Since OCTA's debut in ophthalmology, researchers have also been trying to expand its translational application in dermatology. The ability of OCTA to resolve microvasculature has shown promising results in imaging skin diseases. Meanwhile, photoacoustic imaging (PAI), which uses laser pulse induced ultrasound waves as the signal, has been studied to differentiate human skin layers and to help in skin disease diagnosis. This perspective article gives a short review of OCTA and PAI in the field of photodermatology. After an introduction to the principles of OCTA and PAI, we describe the most updated results of skin disease imaging using these two optical imaging modalities. We also place emphasis on dual modality imaging combining OCTA and photoacoustic tomography (PAT) for dermatological applications. In the end, the challenges and prospects of these two imaging modalities in dermatology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Liu
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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14
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Schneider SL, Kohli I, Hamzavi IH, Council ML, Rossi AM, Ozog DM. Emerging imaging technologies in dermatology: Part II: Applications and limitations. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 80:1121-1131. [PMID: 30528310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clinical examination is critical for the diagnosis and identification of response to treatment. It is fortunate that technologies are continuing to evolve, enabling augmentation of classical clinical examination with noninvasive imaging modalities. This article discusses emerging technologies with a focus on digital photographic imaging, confocal microscopy, optical coherence tomography, and high-frequency ultrasound, as well as several additional developing modalities. The most readily adopted technologies to date include total-body digital photography and dermoscopy, with some practitioners beginning to use confocal microscopy. In this article, applications and limitations are addressed. For a detailed discussion of the principles involved in these technologies, please refer to the first part of this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Indermeet Kohli
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - M Laurin Council
- Division of Dermatology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Anthony M Rossi
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David M Ozog
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.
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15
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Schneider SL, Kohli I, Hamzavi IH, Council ML, Rossi AM, Ozog DM. Emerging imaging technologies in dermatology: Part I: Basic principles. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 80:1114-1120. [PMID: 30528311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Dermatologists rely primarily on clinical examination in combination with histopathology to diagnose conditions; however, clinical examination alone might not be sufficient for accurate diagnosis and skin biopsies have associated morbidity. With continued technological advancement, there are emerging ancillary imaging technologies available to dermatologists to aid in diagnosis and management. This 2-part review article will discuss these emerging technologies including: digital photographic imaging, confocal microscopy, optical coherence tomography, and high-frequency ultrasound, as well as several additional modalities in development. In this first installment, the authors describe the breadth of technologies available and the science behind them. Then, in the second article, the authors discuss the applications and limitations of these technologies and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Indermeet Kohli
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - M Laurin Council
- Division of Dermatology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Anthony M Rossi
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - David M Ozog
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan.
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16
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Leitgeb RA, Baumann B. Multimodal Optical Medical Imaging Concepts Based on Optical Coherence Tomography. FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS 2018; 6. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2018.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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17
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Lin J, Saknite I, Valdebran M, Balu M, Lentsch G, Williams JN, Koenig K, Tromberg BJ, Atanaskova Mesinkovska N. Feature characterization of scarring and non-scarring types of alopecia by multiphoton microscopy. Lasers Surg Med 2018; 51:95-103. [PMID: 30248187 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Non-invasive visualization of hair follicles is important for proper diagnosis and management of alopecia; however, histological assessment remains the gold standard. Laser imaging technologies have made possible noninvasive in vivo evaluation of skin and hair follicle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to non-invasively identify morphological features that can distinguish scarring from non-scarring alopecia. METHODS MPM images were obtained from areas on the scalp affected by alopecia. Investigators blinded to the diagnosis analyzed hair follicle and shaft sizes. Patients were recruited and imaged at the UC Irvine Health Medical Center and the University of California, Irvine Beckman Laser Institute. Patients with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and alopecia areata (AA), and scarring alopecia, in particular frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) were recruited and imaged from July 2016 to July 2017. RESULTS We imaged 5 normal scalp subjects and 12 patients affected by non-scarring (7 subjects) and scarring (5 subjects) alopecia. In normal and non-scarring alopecia patients, MPM identified presence of sebaceous glands associated with hair follicles. MPM images of scarring alopecia were characterized by the presence of inflammatory cells surrounding hair follicles. Measurements of hair follicle diameter sizes were found to be significantly smaller in scarring alopecia patients compared to normal (P < 0.001) and compared to non-scarring alopecia patients (P = 0.046); non-scarring hair follicles were also significantly smaller than normal hair follicles (P = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that MPM imaging can non-invasively identify morphological features that distinguish scarring from non-scarring alopecia. Further studies are needed to validate this technique and evaluate its potential to be used as an aid for guiding treatment. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:95-103, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lin
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Inga Saknite
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California
| | - Manuel Valdebran
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California
| | - Mihaela Balu
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California
| | - Griffin Lentsch
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California
| | - Joshua N Williams
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California
| | - Karsten Koenig
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California
| | - Bruce J Tromberg
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California
| | - Natasha Atanaskova Mesinkovska
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Irvine, California
- Laser Microbeam and Medical Program, Beckman Laser Institute, Irvine, California
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18
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Narayanamurthy V, Padmapriya P, Noorasafrin A, Pooja B, Hema K, Firus Khan AY, Nithyakalyani K, Samsuri F. Skin cancer detection using non-invasive techniques. RSC Adv 2018; 8:28095-28130. [PMID: 35542700 PMCID: PMC9084287 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04164d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer and is globally rising. Historically, the diagnosis of skin cancers has depended on various conventional techniques which are of an invasive manner. A variety of commercial diagnostic tools and auxiliary techniques are available to detect skin cancer. This article explains in detail the principles and approaches involved for non-invasive skin cancer diagnostic methods such as photography, dermoscopy, sonography, confocal microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, terahertz spectroscopy, optical coherence tomography, the multispectral imaging technique, thermography, electrical bio-impedance, tape stripping and computer-aided analysis. The characteristics of an ideal screening test are outlined, and the authors pose several points for clinicians and scientists to consider in the evaluation of current and future studies of skin cancer detection and diagnosis. This comprehensive review critically analyses the literature associated with the field and summarises the recent updates along with their merits and demerits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vigneswaran Narayanamurthy
- InnoFuTech No: 42/12, 7th Street, Vallalar Nagar, Pattabiram Chennai Tamil Nadu 600072 India
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang Pekan 26600 Malaysia
| | - P Padmapriya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Veltech Multitech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Engineering College Chennai 600 062 India
| | - A Noorasafrin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Veltech Multitech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Engineering College Chennai 600 062 India
| | - B Pooja
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Veltech Multitech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Engineering College Chennai 600 062 India
| | - K Hema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Veltech Multitech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Engineering College Chennai 600 062 India
| | - Al'aina Yuhainis Firus Khan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia 25200 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - K Nithyakalyani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Veltech Multitech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Engineering College Chennai 600 062 India
| | - Fahmi Samsuri
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang Pekan 26600 Malaysia
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19
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Kochueva M, Dudenkova V, Kuznetsov S, Varlamova A, Sergeeva E, Kiseleva E, Maslennikova A. Quantitative assessment of radiation-induced changes of bladder and rectum collagen structure using optical methods. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-8. [PMID: 30136470 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.9.091417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study is the quantitative analysis of the dose-time dependences of changes occurring in collagen of bladder and rectum after gamma-irradiation using optical methods [nonlinear microscopy in a second harmonic generation (SHG) detection regime and cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP OCT)]. For quantitative assessment of the collagen structure, regions of interest on the SHG-images of two-dimensional (2-D) distribution of SHG signal intensity of collagen were chosen in the submucosa. The mean SHG signal intensity and its standard deviation were calculated by ImageJ 1.39p (NIH). For quantitative analysis of CP OCT data, an integral depolarization factor (IDF) was calculated. Quantitative calculation of the SHG signal intensity and the IDF can provide additional information about the processes of the collagen radiation-induced degradation and subsequent remodeling. High positive correlation between the mean SHG signal intensity and the mean IDF of bladder and rectum demonstrates that CP OCT can be used as an "optical biopsy" in the grading of collagen radiation damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kochueva
- Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy (NNSMA), Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy, Radiation, Russia
| | - Varvara Dudenkova
- NNSMA, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Laboratory of Studying Optical Structure of Biotissues,, Russia
| | - Sergey Kuznetsov
- NNSMA, Department of Pathological Anatomy, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Angelina Varlamova
- Lobachevsky State University, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Department of Biophysics, Gagari, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Sergeeva
- Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Laboratory for Optical Techniques, Department for Radiophysics Met, Russia
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- NNSMA, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Laboratory of Studying Optical Structure of Biotissues,, Russia
| | - Anna Maslennikova
- Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy (NNSMA), Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy, Radiation, Russia
- Lobachevsky State University, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Department of Biophysics, Gagari, Russia
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20
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Liang H, Mari M, Cheung CS, Kogou S, Johnson P, Filippidis G. Optical coherence tomography and non-linear microscopy for paintings - a study of the complementary capabilities and laser degradation effects. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:19640-19653. [PMID: 29041156 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.019640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper examines for the first time the potential complementary imaging capabilities of Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and non-linear microscopy (NLM) for multi-modal 3D examination of paintings following the successful application of OCT to the in situ, non-invasive examination of varnish and paint stratigraphy of historic paintings and the promising initial studies of NLM of varnish samples. OCT provides image contrast through the optical scattering and absorption properties of materials, while NLM provides molecular information through multi-photon fluorescence and higher harmonics generation (second and third harmonic generation). OCT is well-established in the in situ non-invasive imaging of the stratigraphy of varnish and paint layers. While NLM examination of transparent samples such as fresh varnish and some transparent paints showed promising results, the ultimate use of NLM on paintings is limited owing to the laser degradation effects caused by the high peak intensity of the laser source necessary for the generation of non-linear phenomena. The high intensity normally employed in NLM is found to be damaging to all non-transparent painting materials from slightly scattering degraded varnish to slightly absorbing paint at the wavelength of the laser excitation source. The results of this paper are potentially applicable to a wide range of materials given the diversity of the materials encountered in paintings (e.g. minerals, plants, insects, oil, egg, synthetic and natural varnish).
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21
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Non-labeling multiphoton excitation microscopy as a novel diagnostic tool for discriminating normal tissue and colorectal cancer lesions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6959. [PMID: 28761050 PMCID: PMC5537268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiphoton excitation microscopy (MPM) is regarded as an effective tool that enables the visualization of deep regions within living tissues and organs, with little damage. Here, we report novel non-labeling MPM (NL-MPM) imaging of fresh human colorectal mucosa, which is useful for discriminating cancer lesions from normal tissues quantitatively without any need for resection, fixation, or staining. Using NL-MPM, we visualized three components in human colorectal mucosa, epithelial cells, immune cells, and basement membranes, based on their characteristic patterns of fluorescence. These patterns are characterized by the different auto-fluorescence properties of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and flavin adenine dinucleotide and from second harmonic generation (SHG). NL-MPM images were at least as informative to pathologists as were ‘conventional’ images of fixed tissue sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Additionally, two quantitative parameters extracted from NL-MPM images – the nucleus diameter (index N) and the intensity of SHG in the basement membrane (index S) – rendered it possible to diagnose cancer regions effectively. In conclusion, NL-MPM is a novel, promising method for real-time clinical diagnosis of colorectal cancers, and is associated with minimal invasiveness.
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22
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Fernandes LO, Mota CCBO, de Melo LSA, da Costa Soares MUS, da Silva Feitosa D, Gomes ASL. In vivo assessment of periodontal structures and measurement of gingival sulcus with Optical Coherence Tomography: a pilot study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2017; 10:862-869. [PMID: 27503608 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing interest on the development of clinically acceptable, more sensitive and specific methods for non-invasive diagnosis in Periodontics. In this pilot study, the performance of an Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) system in imaging periodontal structures in humans was evaluated. Gingival sulcus depth measurements were obtained and compared with traditional probes. In total, 445 sites of 23 periodontally healthy individuals were measured by 3 instruments: North Carolina manual probe, Florida automated probe and OCT at 1325 nm. To obtain quantitative measurements from OCT images, the gingival refractive index was also determined. Discomfort/pain perception and the duration of examinations were compared among the instruments. The analysis of OCT images allowed the identification of relevant anatomic dental and periodontal regions. The average sulcus depth measured by OCT, 0.85 ± 0.27 mm and 0.87 ± 0.28 mm, was lower than the values obtained by manual and automated probing. Discomfort/pain were prevalent for traditional probes, which are invasive methods, than for the non-invasive OCT technique. OCT has the potential to be a reliable tool for in vivo periodontal tissues evaluation and for reproducible sulcus depth measurements in healthy sites. Further technological advances are required to reduce the procedure time and promote evaluation of posterior oral regions. Photonic assessment of periodontal tissue with OCT (top) in a clinical environment, showing tooth/gingiva features (bottom).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Osório Fernandes
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil, 50670-901
| | - Cláudia Cristina Brainer Oliveira Mota
- Faculty of Dentistry, Caruaruense Association of Technical and Higher Education, Caruaru, PE, Brazil, 55016-400
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil, 50670-901
| | | | | | - Daniela da Silva Feitosa
- Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil, 50670-901
| | - Anderson Stevens Leônidas Gomes
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil, 50670-901
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil, 50670-901
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23
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Lőrincz K, Haluszka D, Kiss N, Gyöngyösi N, Bánvölgyi A, Szipőcs R, Wikonkál NM. Voluntary exercise improves murine dermal connective tissue status in high-fat diet-induced obesity. Arch Dermatol Res 2017; 309:209-215. [PMID: 28180933 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-017-1715-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for several cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Its influence on the skin is less obvious, yet certain negative effects of adipose tissue inflammation on the dermis have been suggested. Excess weight is closely associated with sedentary behavior, so any increase in physical activity is considered beneficial against obesity. To investigate the effects of obesity and physical exercise on the skin, we established a mouse model in which mice were kept either on a high-fat diet or received standard chow. After the two groups achieved a significant weight difference, physical exercise was introduced to both. Animals were given the opportunity to perform voluntary exercise for 40 min daily in a hamster wheel for a period of 8 weeks. We evaluated the status of the dermis at the beginning and at the end of the exercise period by in vivo nonlinear microscopy. Obese mice kept on high-fat diet lost weight steadily after they started to exercise. In the high-fat diet group, we could detect significantly larger adipocytes and a thicker layer of subcutaneous tissue; both changes started to normalize after exercise. Nonlinear microscopy revealed an impaired collagen structure in obese mice that improved considerably after physical activity was introduced. With the ability to detect damage on collagen structure, we set out to address the question whether this process is reversible. With the use of a novel imaging method, we were able to show the reversibility of connective tissue deterioration as a benefit of physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kende Lőrincz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 41 Mária Street, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
| | - Dóra Haluszka
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 41 Mária Street, Budapest, 1085, Hungary.,Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics of Wigner RCP, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Norbert Kiss
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 41 Mária Street, Budapest, 1085, Hungary.,Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics of Wigner RCP, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Gyöngyösi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 41 Mária Street, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
| | - András Bánvölgyi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 41 Mária Street, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
| | - Róbert Szipőcs
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics of Wigner RCP, Budapest, Hungary.,R&D Ultrafast Lasers Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Norbert M Wikonkál
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 41 Mária Street, Budapest, 1085, Hungary.
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24
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Zabihian B, Chen Z, Rank E, Sinz C, Bonesi M, Sattmann H, Ensher J, Minneman MP, Hoover E, Weingast J, Ginner L, Leitgeb R, Kittler H, Zhang E, Beard P, Drexler W, Liu M. Comprehensive vascular imaging using optical coherence tomography-based angiography and photoacoustic tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:96011. [PMID: 27653999 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.9.096011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Studies have proven the relationship between cutaneous vasculature abnormalities and dermatological disorders, but to image vasculature noninvasively <italic<in vivo</italic<, advanced optical imaging techniques are required. In this study, we imaged a palm of a healthy volunteer and three subjects with cutaneous abnormalities with photoacoustic tomography (PAT) and optical coherence tomography with angiography extension (OCTA). Capillaries in the papillary dermis that are too small to be discerned with PAT are visualized with OCTA. From our results, we speculate that the PA signal from the palm is mostly from hemoglobin in capillaries rather than melanin, knowing that melanin concentration in volar skin is significantly smaller than that in other areas of the skin. We present for the first time OCTA images of capillaries along with the PAT images of the deeper vessels, demonstrating the complementary effective imaging depth range and the visualization capabilities of PAT and OCTA for imaging human skin <italic<in vivo</italic<. The proposed imaging system in this study could significantly improve treatment monitoring of dermatological diseases associated with cutaneous vasculature abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrooz Zabihian
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Zhe Chen
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Elisabet Rank
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Christoph Sinz
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Marco Bonesi
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Harald Sattmann
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Jason Ensher
- Insight Photonic Solutions, Inc., 300 South Public Road, Lafayette, Colorado 80026, United States
| | - Michael P Minneman
- Insight Photonic Solutions, Inc., 300 South Public Road, Lafayette, Colorado 80026, United States
| | - Erich Hoover
- Insight Photonic Solutions, Inc., 300 South Public Road, Lafayette, Colorado 80026, United States
| | - Jessika Weingast
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Laurin Ginner
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Rainer Leitgeb
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Harald Kittler
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Dermatology, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Edward Zhang
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Gower Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Beard
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Gower Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Mengyang Liu
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
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25
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Zabihian B, Weingast J, Liu M, Zhang E, Beard P, Pehamberger H, Drexler W, Hermann B. In vivo dual-modality photoacoustic and optical coherence tomography imaging of human dermatological pathologies. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:3163-78. [PMID: 26417489 PMCID: PMC4574645 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.003163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Vascular abnormalities serve as a key indicator for many skin diseases. Currently available methods in dermatology such as histopathology and dermatoscopy analyze underlying vasculature in human skin but are either invasive, time-consuming, and laborious or incapable of providing 3D images. In this work, we applied for the first time dual-modality photoacoustic and optical coherence tomography that provides complementary information about tissue morphology and vasculature of patients with different types of dermatitis. Its noninvasiveness and relatively short imaging time and the wide range of diseases that it can detect prove the merits of the dual-modality imaging system and show the great potential of its clinical use in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrooz Zabihian
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Jessika Weingast
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Mengyang Liu
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Edward Zhang
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Paul Beard
- Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK
| | - Hubert Pehamberger
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Boris Hermann
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, AKH 4L, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
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26
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Wiedner M, Tinhofer IE, Kamolz LP, Seyedian Moghaddam A, Justich I, Liegl-Atzwanger B, Bubalo V, Weninger WJ, Lumenta DB. Simultaneous dermal matrix and autologous split-thickness skin graft transplantation in a porcine wound model: a three-dimensional histological analysis of revascularization. Wound Repair Regen 2015; 22:749-54. [PMID: 25358670 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite the popularity of a simultaneous application of dermal matrices and split-thickness skin grafts, scarce evidence exists about the process of revascularization involved. In this study, we aimed at analyzing the progression of revascularization by high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM) in a porcine excisional wound model. Following the surgical procedure creating 5 × 5 cm(2) full-thickness defects on the back, one area was covered with an autologous split-thickness skin graft alone (control group), the other with a collagen-elastin dermal matrix plus split-thickness skin graft (dermal matrix group). Two skin biopsies per each group and location were performed on day 5, 10, 15, and 28 postoperatively and separately processed for H&E as well as HREM. The dermal layer was thicker in the dermal matrix group vs. control on day 5 and 28. No differences were found for revascularization by conventional histology. In HREM, the dermal matrix did not appear to decelerate the revascularization process. The presence of the dermal matrix could be distinguished until day 15. By day 28, the structure of the dermal matrix could no longer be delineated and was replaced by autologous tissue. As assessed by conventional histology and confirmed by HREM, the revascularization process was comparable in both groups, notably with regard to the vertical ingrowth of sprouting vessels. The presented technique of HREM is a valuable addition for analyzing small vessel sprouting in dermal matrices in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wiedner
- Research Unit for Tissue Regeneration, Repair, and Reconstruction, Division of Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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27
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High-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM): A useful technique for research in wound care. Ann Anat 2015; 197:3-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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28
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Yang CH, Tsai MT, Shen SC, Ng CY, Jung SM. Feasibility of ablative fractional laser-assisted drug delivery with optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:3949-59. [PMID: 25426321 PMCID: PMC4242029 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.003949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Fractional resurfacing creates hundreds of microscopic wounds in the skin without injuring surrounding tissue. This technique allows rapid wound healing owing to small injury regions, and has been proven as an effective method for repairing photodamaged skin. Recently, ablative fractional laser (AFL) treatment has been demonstrated to facilitate topical drug delivery into skin. However, induced fractional photothermolysis depends on several parameters, such as incident angle, exposure energy, and spot size of the fractional laser. In this study, we used fractional CO2 laser to induce microscopic ablation array on the nail for facilitating drug delivery through the nail. To ensure proper energy delivery without damaging tissue structures beneath the nail plate, optical coherence tomography (OCT) was implemented for quantitative evaluation of induced microscopic ablation zone (MAZ). Moreover, to further study the feasibility of drug delivery, normal saline was dripped on the exposure area of fingernail and the speckle variance in OCT signal was used to observe water diffusion through the ablative channels into the nail plate. In conclusion, this study establishes OCT as an effective tool for the investigation of fractional photothermolysis and water/drug delivery through microscopic ablation channels after nail fractional laser treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fusing St., Kwei-Shan, Tao- Yuan, 33302,
Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302
Taiwan
| | - Meng-Tsan Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302
Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302
Taiwan
| | - Su-Chin Shen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302
Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fusing St. Kwei-Shan, Tao- Yuan, 33302
Taiwan
| | - Chau Yee Ng
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fusing St., Kwei-Shan, Tao- Yuan, 33302,
Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302
Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Jung
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302
Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fusing St., Kwei-Shan, Tao- Yuan, 33302
Taiwan
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29
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Geyer SH, Nöhammer MM, Mathä M, Reissig L, Tinhofer IE, Weninger WJ. High-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM): a tool for visualizing skin biopsies. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2014; 20:1356-64. [PMID: 25198556 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927614013063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We evaluate the usefulness of digital volume data produced with the high-resolution episcopic microscopy (HREM) method for visualizing the three-dimensional (3D) arrangement of components of human skin, and present protocols designed for processing skin biopsies for HREM data generation. A total of 328 biopsies collected from normally appearing skin and from a melanocytic nevus were processed. Cuboidal data volumes with side lengths of ~2×3×6 mm3 and voxel sizes of 1.07×1.07×1.5 µm3 were produced. HREM data fit ideally for visualizing the epidermis at large, and for producing highly detailed volume and surface-rendered 3D representations of the dermal and hypodermal components at a structural level. The architecture of the collagen fiber bundles and the spatial distribution of nevus cells can be easily visualized with volume-rendering algorithms. We conclude that HREM has great potential to serve as a routine tool for researching and diagnosing skin pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan H Geyer
- 1MRC National Institute for Medical Research,London,NW7 1AA,UK
| | - Maria M Nöhammer
- 2Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology,Medical University of Vienna,Waehringer Street 13,A-1090 Vienna,Austria
| | - Markus Mathä
- 2Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology,Medical University of Vienna,Waehringer Street 13,A-1090 Vienna,Austria
| | - Lukas Reissig
- 2Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology,Medical University of Vienna,Waehringer Street 13,A-1090 Vienna,Austria
| | - Ines E Tinhofer
- 2Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology,Medical University of Vienna,Waehringer Street 13,A-1090 Vienna,Austria
| | - Wolfgang J Weninger
- 2Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology,Medical University of Vienna,Waehringer Street 13,A-1090 Vienna,Austria
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30
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Thomas G, van Voskuilen J, Gerritsen HC, Sterenborg HJCM. Advances and challenges in label-free nonlinear optical imaging using two-photon excitation fluorescence and second harmonic generation for cancer research. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 141:128-38. [PMID: 25463660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical imaging (NLOI) has emerged to be a promising tool for bio-medical imaging in recent times. Among the various applications of NLOI, its utility is the most significant in the field of pre-clinical and clinical cancer research. This review begins by briefly covering the core principles involved in NLOI, such as two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG). Subsequently, there is a short description on the various cellular components that contribute to endogenous optical fluorescence. Later on the review deals with its main theme--the challenges faced during label-free NLO imaging in translational cancer research. While this review addresses the accomplishment of various label-free NLOI based studies in cancer diagnostics, it also touches upon the limitations of the mentioned studies. In addition, areas in cancer research that need to be further investigated by label-free NLOI are discussed in a latter segment. The review eventually concludes on the note that label-free NLOI has and will continue to contribute richly in translational cancer research, to eventually provide a very reliable, yet minimally invasive cancer diagnostic tool for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giju Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Centre for Optical Diagnostics and Therapy, Erasmus Medical Centre, Post Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Johan van Voskuilen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Utrecht University, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans C Gerritsen
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Utrecht University, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H J C M Sterenborg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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31
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Yew E, Rowlands C, So PTC. Application of Multiphoton Microscopy in Dermatological Studies: a Mini-Review. JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE OPTICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2014; 7:1330010. [PMID: 25075226 PMCID: PMC4112132 DOI: 10.1142/s1793545813300103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the historical and more recent developments of multiphoton microscopy, as applied to dermatology. Multiphoton microscopy offers several advantages over competing microscopy techniques: there is an inherent axial sectioning, penetration depths that compete well with confocal microscopy on account of the use of near-infrared light, and many two-photon contrast mechanisms, such as second-harmonic generation, have no analogue in one-photon microscopy. While the penetration depths of photons into tissue are typically limited on the order of hundreds of microns, this is of less concern in dermatology, as the skin is thin and readily accessible. As a result, multiphoton microscopy in dermatology has generated a great deal of interest, much of which is summarized here. The review covers the interaction of light and tissue, as well as the various considerations that must be made when designing an instrument. The state of multiphoton microscopy in imaging skin cancer and various other diseases is also discussed, along with the investigation of aging and regeneration phenomena, and finally, the use of multiphoton microscopy to analyze the transdermal transport of drugs, cosmetics and other agents is summarized. The review concludes with a look at potential future research directions, especially those that are necessary to push these techniques into widespread clinical acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elijah Yew
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), 1 CREATE Way CREATE Tower, Singapore 138602
| | - Christopher Rowlands
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
| | - Peter T. C. So
- Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), 1 CREATE Way CREATE Tower, Singapore 138602
- Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
- GR Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge MA 02139, USA
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32
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Tsai MT, Yang CH, Shen SC, Lee YJ, Chang FY, Feng CS. Monitoring of wound healing process of human skin after fractional laser treatments with optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 4:2362-75. [PMID: 24298400 PMCID: PMC3829533 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.002362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Fractional photothermolysis induced by non-ablative fractional lasers (NAFLs) or ablative fractional lasers (AFLs) can remodel the skin, regenerate collagen, and remove tumor tissue. However, fractional laser treatments may result in severe side effects, and multiple treatments are required to achieve the expected outcome. Thus, the treatment outcome and downtime after fractional laser treatments are key issues to determine the following treatment strategy. In this study, an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system was implemented for in vivo studies of wound healing after NAFL and AFL treatments. According to the OCT scanning results, the laser-induced photothermolysis including volatilization and coagulation could be morphologically identified. To continue monitoring the wound healing process, the treated regions were scanned with OCT at different time points, and the en-face images at various tissue depths were extracted from three-dimensional OCT images. Furthermore, to quantitatively evaluate the morphological changes at different tissue depths during wound healing, an algorithm was developed to distinguish the backscattering properties of untreated and treated tissues. The results showed that the coagulation damage induced by the NAFLs could be rapidly healed in 6 days. In contrast, the tissue volatilization induced by AFLs required a longer recovery time of 14 days. In conclusion, this study establishes the feasibility of this methodology as a means of clinically monitoring treatment outcomes and wound healing after fractional laser treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Tsan Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302 Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fusing Street, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yaun 33302, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302 Taiwan
| | - Su-Chin Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fusing Street, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yaun 33302, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302 Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ju Lee
- Institute of Electro-Optical Science and Technology, National Taiwan Normal University, 88, Sec. 4, Ting-Chou Rd., Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yu Chang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Shin Feng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302 Taiwan
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33
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Von der Echographie zum OCT. SPEKTRUM DER AUGENHEILKUNDE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00717-013-0152-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Liu M, Schmitner N, Sandrian MG, Zabihian B, Hermann B, Salvenmoser W, Meyer D, Drexler W. In vivo three dimensional dual wavelength photoacoustic tomography imaging of the far red fluorescent protein E2-Crimson expressed in adult zebrafish. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 4:1846-55. [PMID: 24156048 PMCID: PMC3799650 DOI: 10.1364/boe.4.001846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
For the first time the far red fluorescent protein (FP) E2-Crimson genetically expressed in the exocrine pancreas of adult zebrafish has been non-invasively mapped in 3D in vivo using photoacoustic tomography (PAT). The distribution of E2-Crimson in the exocrine pancreas acquired by PAT was confirmed using epifluorescence imaging and histology, with optical coherence tomography (OCT) providing complementary structural information. This work demonstrates the depth advantage of PAT to resolve FP in an animal model and establishes the value of E2-Crimson for PAT studies of transgenic models, laying the foundation for future longitudinal studies of the zebrafish as a model of diseases affecting inner organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Liu
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, AKH 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Schmitner
- Institute for Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michelle G. Sandrian
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, AKH 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Behrooz Zabihian
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, AKH 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Boris Hermann
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, AKH 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Willi Salvenmoser
- Institute for Zoology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dirk Meyer
- Institute for Molecular Biology/CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, AKH 4L, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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35
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Maier T, Braun-Falco M, Laubender R, Ruzicka T, Berking C. Actinic keratosis in theen-faceand slice imaging mode of high-definition optical coherence tomography and comparison with histology. Br J Dermatol 2012; 168:120-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11202.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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