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Han M, Russo MJ, Desroches PE, Silva SM, Quigley AF, Kapsa RMI, Moulton SE, Greene GW. Calcium ions have a detrimental impact on the boundary lubrication property of hyaluronic acid and lubricin (PRG-4) both alone and in combination. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113741. [PMID: 38184943 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Cartilage demineralisation in Osteoarthritis (OA) patients can elevate calcium ion levels in synovial fluid, as evidenced by the prevalence of precipitated calcium phosphate crystals in OA synovial fluid. Although it has been reported that there is a potential connection between elevated concentrations of calcium ions and a deterioration in the lubrication and wear resistance of cartilage tissues, the mechanism behind the strong link between calcium ion concentration and decreased lubrication performance is unclear. In this work, the AFM friction, imaging, and normal force distance measurements were used to investigate the lubrication performances of hyaluronic acid (HA), Lubricin (LUB), and HA-LUB complex in the presence of calcium ions (5 mM, 15 mM, and 30 mM), to understand the possible mechanism behind the change of lubrication property. The results of AFM friction measurements suggest that introducing calcium ions to the environment effectively eliminated the lubrication ability of HA and HA-LUB, especially with relatively low loading applied. The AFM images indicate that it is unlikely that structural or morphological changes in the surface-bound layer upon calcium ions addition are primarily responsible for the friction results demonstrated. Further, the poor correlation between the effect of calcium ions on the adhesion forces and its impact on friction suggests that the decrease in the lubricating ability of both layers is likely a result of changes in the hydration of the HA-LUB surface bound layers than changes in intermolecular or intramolecular binding. This work provides the first experimental evidence lending towards the relationship between bone demineralisation and articular cartilage degradation at the onset of OA and the mechanism through which elevated calcium levels in the synovial fluid act on joint lubrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Han
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3216, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Agriculture and Food, 671 Sneydes Road, Private Bag 16, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia.
| | - Matthew J Russo
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3216, Australia; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA
| | - Pauline E Desroches
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3216, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Saimon M Silva
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia; Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1872, USA; Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Anita F Quigley
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia; Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
| | - George W Greene
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3216, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia; Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
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2
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Ishihara K, Shi X, Fukazawa K, Yamaoka T, Yao G, Wu JY. Biomimetic-Engineered Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens Materials. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3600-3616. [PMID: 37616500 PMCID: PMC10521029 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Contact lenses are one of the most successful applications of biomaterials. The chemical structure of the polymers used in contact lenses plays an important role in determining the function of contact lenses. Different types of contact lenses have been developed based on the chemical structure of polymers. When designing contact lenses, materials scientists consider factors such as mechanical properties, processing properties, optical properties, histocompatibility, and antifouling properties, to ensure long-term wear with minimal discomfort. Advances in contact lens materials have addressed traditional issues such as oxygen permeability and biocompatibility, improving overall comfort, and duration of use. For example, silicone hydrogel contact lenses with high oxygen permeability were developed to extend the duration of use. In addition, controlling the surface properties of contact lenses in direct contact with the cornea tissue through surface polymer modification mimics the surface morphology of corneal tissue while maintaining the essential properties of the contact lens, a significant improvement for long-term use and reuse of contact lenses. This review presents the material science elements required for advanced contact lenses of the future and summarizes the chemical methods for achieving these goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Ishihara
- Division
of Materials and Manufacturing Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Xinfeng Shi
- Alcon
Research, LLC, Fort Worth, Texas 76134, United States
| | - Kyoko Fukazawa
- National
Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yamaoka
- National
Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - George Yao
- Alcon
Research, LLC, Duluth, Georgia 30097, United States
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3
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Zhu Q, Zhang Q, Fu DY, Su G. Polysaccharides in contact lenses: From additives to bulk materials. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:121003. [PMID: 37321708 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As the number of applications has increased, so has the demand for contact lenses comfort. Adding polysaccharides to lenses is a popular way to enhance comfort for wearers. However, this may also compromise some lens properties. It is still unclear how to balance the variation of individual lens parameters in the design of contact lenses containing polysaccharides. This review provides a comprehensive overview of how polysaccharide addition impacts lens wear parameters, such as water content, oxygen permeability, surface wettability, protein deposition, and light transmittance. It also examines how various factors, such as polysaccharide type, molecular weight, amount, and mode of incorporation into lenses modulate these effects. Polysaccharide addition can improve some wear parameters while reducing others depending on the specific conditions. The optimal method, type, and amount of added polysaccharides depend on the trade-off between various lens parameters and wear requirements. Simultaneously, polysaccharide-based contact lenses may be a promising option for biodegradable contact lenses as concerns regarding environmental risks associated with contact lens degradation continue to increase. It is hoped that this review will shed light on the rational use of polysaccharides in contact lenses to make personalized lenses more accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ding-Yi Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Gaoxing Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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4
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Jones L, Efron N, Bandamwar K, Barnett M, Jacobs DS, Jalbert I, Pult H, Rhee MK, Sheardown H, Shovlin JP, Stahl U, Stanila A, Tan J, Tavazzi S, Ucakhan OO, Willcox MDP, Downie LE. TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of contact lenses on the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2023; 29:175-219. [PMID: 37149139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Several lifestyle choices made by contact lens wearers can have adverse consequences on ocular health. These include being non-adherent to contact lens care, sleeping in lenses, ill-advised purchasing options, not seeing an eyecare professional for regular aftercare visits, wearing lenses when feeling unwell, wearing lenses too soon after various forms of ophthalmic surgery, and wearing lenses when engaged in risky behaviors (e.g., when using tobacco, alcohol or recreational drugs). Those with a pre-existing compromised ocular surface may find that contact lens wear exacerbates ocular disease morbidity. Conversely, contact lenses may have various therapeutic benefits. The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impinged upon the lifestyle of contact lens wearers, introducing challenges such as mask-associated dry eye, contact lens discomfort with increased use of digital devices, inadvertent exposure to hand sanitizers, and reduced use of lenses. Wearing contact lenses in challenging environments, such as in the presence of dust and noxious chemicals, or where there is the possibility of ocular trauma (e.g., sport or working with tools) can be problematic, although in some instances lenses can be protective. Contact lenses can be worn for sport, theatre, at high altitude, driving at night, in the military and in space, and special considerations are required when prescribing in such situations to ensure successful outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis, incorporated within the review, identified that the influence of lifestyle factors on soft contact lens dropout remains poorly understood, and is an area in need of further research. Overall, this report investigated lifestyle-related choices made by clinicians and contact lens wearers and discovered that when appropriate lifestyle choices are made, contact lens wear can enhance the quality of life of wearers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndon Jones
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
| | - Nathan Efron
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kalika Bandamwar
- Department of Ophthalmology, New Zealand National Eye Centre, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Melissa Barnett
- University of California, Davis Eye Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Deborah S Jacobs
- Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabelle Jalbert
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Heiko Pult
- Dr Heiko Pult Optometry & Vision Research, Weinheim, Germany
| | | | - Heather Sheardown
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ulli Stahl
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jacqueline Tan
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Silvia Tavazzi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Mark D P Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura E Downie
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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5
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Russo MJ, Han M, Menon NG, Quigley AF, Kapsa RMI, Moulton SE, Guijt RM, M Silva S, Schmidt TA, Greene GW. Novel Boundary Lubrication Mechanisms from Molecular Pillows of Lubricin Brush-Coated Graphene Oxide Nanosheets. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5351-5360. [PMID: 35465662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous biomedical applications where the interfacial shearing of surfaces can cause wear and friction, which can lead to a variety of medical complications such as inflammation, irritation, and even bacterial infection. We introduce a novel nanomaterial additive comprised of two-dimensional graphene oxide nanosheets (2D-NSCs) coated with lubricin (LUB) to reduce the amount of tribological stress in biomedical settings, particularly at low shear rates where boundary lubrication dominates. LUB is a glycoprotein found in the articular joints of mammals and has recently been discovered as an ocular surface boundary lubricant. The ability of LUB to self-assemble into a "telechelic" brush layer on a variety of surfaces was exploited here to coat the top and bottom surfaces of the ultrathin 2D-NSCs in solution, effectively creating a biopolymer-coated nanosheet. A reduction in friction of almost an order of magnitude was measured at a bioinspired interface. This reduction was maintained after repeated washing (5×), suggesting that the large aspect ratio of the 2D-NSCs facilitates effective lubrication even at diluted concentrations. Importantly, and unlike LUB-only treatment, the lubrication effect can be eliminated over 15 rinsing cycles, suggesting that the LUB-coated 2D-NSCs do not exhibit any binding interactions with the shearing surfaces. The effective lubricating properties of the 2D-NSCs combined with full reversibility through rinsing make the LUB-coated 2D-NSCs an intriguing candidate as a lubricant for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Russo
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3216, Australia
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Mingyu Han
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Nikhil G Menon
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030 United States
| | - Anita F Quigley
- School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Rosanne M Guijt
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Saimon M Silva
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030 United States
| | - George W Greene
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria 3216, Australia
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6
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Influence of Selected Ophthalmic Fluids on the Wettability and Hydration of Hydrogel and Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses—In Vitro Study. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15030930. [PMID: 35160876 PMCID: PMC8839750 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study attempts to evaluate the effect of incubation in selected ophthalmic fluids on contact lenses (Etafilcon A, Omafilcon A, Narafilcon A, Senofilcon A). Four research groups differing in the incubation environment were created: (1) initial state, (2) contact lens solution (CLS), (3) contact lens solution and eye drops (ED) and (4) eye drops. Dehydration by gravimetric method and the contact angle (CA) by the sessile drop method were tested. The surface free energy (SFE) was also calculated with the use of several methods: Owens–Wendt, Wu, Neumann, and Neumann–Kwok. The greatest changes in the dehydration profile were observed for contact lenses incubated in ED. The most noticeable changes in CA values were observed for contact lenses incubated in ED, in which it was not possible to settle water drop after incubation. On the basis of SFE analysis, higher values were found for hydrogel contact lenses, e.g., according to the Owens–Wendt method, they ranged from 54.45 ± 6.56 mJ/m2 to 58.09 ± 4.86 mJ/m2, while in the case of silicone-hydrogel contact lenses, they ranged from 32.86 ± 3.47 mJ/m2 to 35.33 ± 6.56 mJ/m2. Incubation in all tested environments decreased the SFE values, but the differences were in most cases statistically insignificant. Calculating the SFE may be a useful method as it can be used to estimate the possibility of bacteria adhering to contact lens surfaces.
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7
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Černohlávek M, Brandejsová M, Štěpán P, Vagnerová H, Hermannová M, Kopecká K, Kulhánek J, Nečas D, Vrbka M, Velebný V, Huerta-Angeles G. Insight into the Lubrication and Adhesion Properties of Hyaluronan for Ocular Drug Delivery. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1431. [PMID: 34680064 PMCID: PMC8533502 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is widely used for eye drops as lubricant to counteract dry eye disease. High and low molecular weight HA are currently used in ophthalmology. However, a large portion of the current literature on friction and lubrication addresses articular (joint) cartilage. Therefore, eye drops compositions based on HA and its derivatized forms are extensively characterized providing data on the tribological and mucoadhesive properties. The physiochemical properties are investigated in buffers used commonly in eye drops formulations. The tribological investigation reveals that amphiphilic HA-C12 decreases the friction coefficient. At the same time, the combination of trehalose/HA or HAC12 enhances up to eighty-fold the mucoadhesiveness. Thus, it is predicted a prolonged residence time on the surface of the eye. The incorporation of trehalose enhances the protection of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells, as demonstrated in an in-vitro cell-desiccation model. The presence of trehalose increases the friction coefficient. Medium molecular weight HA shows significantly lower friction coefficient than high molecular weight HA. This research represents a first, wide array of features of diverse HA forms for eye drops contributing to increase the knowledge of these preparations. The results here presented also provide valuable information for the design of highly performing HA-formulations addressing specific needs before preclinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikuláš Černohlávek
- Department of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; (M.Č.); (M.B.); (P.Š.); (H.V.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
- Department of Tribology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic; (D.N.); (M.V.)
| | - Martina Brandejsová
- Department of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; (M.Č.); (M.B.); (P.Š.); (H.V.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
| | - Petr Štěpán
- Department of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; (M.Č.); (M.B.); (P.Š.); (H.V.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
| | - Hana Vagnerová
- Department of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; (M.Č.); (M.B.); (P.Š.); (H.V.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
| | - Martina Hermannová
- Department of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; (M.Č.); (M.B.); (P.Š.); (H.V.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
| | - Kateřina Kopecká
- Department of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; (M.Č.); (M.B.); (P.Š.); (H.V.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
| | - Jaromír Kulhánek
- Department of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; (M.Č.); (M.B.); (P.Š.); (H.V.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
| | - David Nečas
- Department of Tribology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic; (D.N.); (M.V.)
| | - Martin Vrbka
- Department of Tribology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic; (D.N.); (M.V.)
| | - Vladimir Velebný
- Department of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; (M.Č.); (M.B.); (P.Š.); (H.V.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
| | - Gloria Huerta-Angeles
- Department of Applied Chemistry (R&D), Contipro a.s., Dolní Dobrouč 401, 561 02 Dolní Dobrouč, Czech Republic; (M.Č.); (M.B.); (P.Š.); (H.V.); (M.H.); (K.K.); (J.K.); (V.V.)
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8
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Visual Acuity and Number of Amniotic Membrane Layers as Indicators of Efficacy in Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for Corneal Ulcers: A Multicenter Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153234. [PMID: 34362018 PMCID: PMC8348886 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate new indicators in the efficacy of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for non-healing corneal ulcers (NHCUs). METHODS Retrospective, multicenter study. In total, 223 AMTs for NHCU in 191 patients were assessed. The main outcomes studied were the success rate of AMT (complete re-epithelization), postoperative visual acuity (VA) gain, and number of AM layers transplanted. RESULTS The overall AMT success rate was 74.4%. In 92% of our patients VA stability or improvement. Postoperative VA was significantly higher than preoperative VA in the entire cohort (p < 0.001) and in all etiological groups of ulcers (post-bacterial, p ≤ 0.001; post-herpetic, p ≤ 0.0038; neurotrophic ulcers, p ≤ 0.014; non-rheumatic peripheral, p ≤ 0.001; and ulcers secondary to lagophthalmos and eyelid malposition or trauma, p ≤ 0.004). Most participants (56.5%) presented a preoperative VA equal to or less than counting fingers (≤0.01). Of these, 13.5% reached a postoperative VA equal to or better than legal blindness (≥0.05) after AMT. A higher success rate was observed in the monolayer than in the multilayer AMT (79.5% and 64.9%, respectively; p = 0.018). No statistically significant values were found between the number of layers transplanted and VA gain (p = 0.509). CONCLUSION AMT is not only beneficial in achieving complete re-epithelialization in NHCUs but also in improving postoperative VA; these improvements are independent of etiologies of ulcers. Furthermore, the use of monolayer AMT seems to be a more appropriate option than multilayer AMT for NHCU since the multilayer AMT did not present better outcomes (success rate and VA gain) compared to monolayer AMT in the different types of ulcers studied.
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9
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Zhu D, Liu Y, Gilbert JL. Micromechanical measurement of adhesion of dehydrating silicone hydrogel contact lenses to corneal tissue. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:242-251. [PMID: 33812075 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion properties, which can vary with multiple factors, of silicone hydrogel contact lenses are important to their performance and comfort in the eye. In this study, we developed and used a simple, representative testing system and method to study the adhesive interactions of different silicone contact lenses (balafilcon A and senofilcon A) on polished titanium alloy and porcine whole eye cornea under dehydrating conditions. Adhesive interactions for senofilcon A varied by hydration state for both corneal and titanium adhesion, starting low, rising to a maximum and falling with dehydration time and dehydration state. Balafilcon A showed a rise and fall against titanium, but retained a relatively constant adhesive interaction with corneal tissue over dehydration time. Senofilcon A reached the highest adhesion forces (400 mN) within 5 to 10 min of testing against cornea, then dropped with time after that. Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) theory was applied to determine the surface energy of the lenses, and work of adhesion (WOA) was also determined for both lenses. Similar trends as observed with the force-hydration curves were seen with surface energy and work of adhesion as well (peak surface energy of 8 N/m and work of adhesion of 80 µJ for senofilcon A). Video imaging of the adhesive interactions showed significant corneal deformation taking place during testing, and post-test analysis shows damage to the corneal tissue. This method could be used to assess pre-clinical performance of long-lasting contact lenses and the role of hydration state. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Adhesion properties of contact lenses play significant roles in their performance and comfort in the eye. Adhesion is influenced by polymer chemistry, counterface materials and hydration state of the contact lenses. However, no test method has been developed to directly study the adhesion properties between contact lenses and corneal tissue during the dehydration process. Our work aims to fill this gap by developing testing and analysis methods for evaluating the adhesive interactions in vitro between contact lenses of different chemistries and properties and different counter surfaces under dehydrating conditions over time. Our study shows that adhesive interactions of contact lenses are highly dependent on polymer type, surface treatment, counterface material and hydration state.
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10
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Menon NG, Goyal R, Lema C, Woods PS, Tanguay AP, Morin AA, Das N, Jay GD, Krawetz RJ, Dufour A, Shapiro LH, Redfern RL, Ghosh M, Schmidt TA. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) expression and function in dry eye associated inflammation. Exp Eye Res 2021; 208:108628. [PMID: 34048779 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as damaging matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) at the ocular surface. While proteoglycan 4 (PRG4), a mucin-like glycoprotein present at the ocular surface, is most well known as a boundary lubricant that contributes to ocular surface integrity, it has been shown to blunt inflammation in various cell types, suggesting a dual mechanism of action. Recently, full-length recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4) has been shown to improve signs and symptoms of DED in humans. However, there remains a significant need for basic science research on rhPRG4's biological properties and its potential therapeutic mechanisms of action in treating DED. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to characterize endogenous PRG4 expression by telomerase-immortalized human corneal epithelial (hTCEpi) cells, examine whether exogenous rhPRG4 modulates cytokine and chemokine secretion in response to dry eye associated inflammation (TNFα and IL-1β), explore interactions between rhPRG4 and MMP-9, and understand how experimental dry eye (EDE) in mice affects PRG4 expression. PRG4 secretion from hTCEpi cells was quantified by Western blot and expression visualized by immunocytochemistry. Cytokine/chemokine production was measured by ELISA and Luminex, while rhPRG4's effect on MMP-9 activity, binding, and expression was quantified using an MMP-9 inhibitor kit, surface plasmon resonance, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Finally, EDE was induced in mice, and PRG4 was visualized by immunohistochemistry in the cornea and by Western blot in lacrimal gland lysate. In vitro results demonstrate that hTCEpi cells synthesize and secrete PRG4, and PRG4 secretion is inhibited by TNFα and IL-1β. In response to these pro-inflammatory stresses, exogenous rhPRG4 significantly reduced the stimulated production of IP-10, RANTES, ENA-78, GROα, MIP-3α, and MIG, and trended towards a reduction of MIP-1α and MIP-1β. The hTCEpi cells were also able to internalize fluorescently-labelled rhPRG4, consistent with a mechanism of action that includes downstream biological signaling pathways. rhPRG4 was not digested by MMP-9, and it did not modulate MMP-9 gene expression in hTCEpi cells, but it was able to bind to MMP-9 and inhibited in vitro activity of exogenous MMP-9 in the presence of human tears. Finally, in vivo results demonstrate that EDE significantly decreased immunolocalization of PRG4 on the corneal epithelium and trended towards a reduction of PRG4 in lacrimal gland lysate. Collectively these results demonstrate rhPRG4 has anti-inflammatory properties on corneal epithelial cells, particularly as it relates to mitigating chemokine production, and is an inhibitor of MMP-9 activity, as well as that in vivo expression of PRG4 can be altered in preclinical models of DED. In conclusion, these findings contribute to our understanding of PRG4's immunomodulatory properties in the context of DED inflammation and provide the foundation and motivation for further mechanistic research of PRG4's properties on the ocular surface as well as expanding clinical evaluation of its ability as a multifunctional therapeutic agent to effectively provide relief to those who suffer from DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil G Menon
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ruchi Goyal
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Carolina Lema
- The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paige S Woods
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Adam P Tanguay
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Alyssa A Morin
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Nabangshu Das
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gregory D Jay
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Roman J Krawetz
- Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Linda H Shapiro
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Rachel L Redfern
- The Ocular Surface Institute, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mallika Ghosh
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
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11
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The triad of nanotechnology, cell signalling, and scaffold implantation for the successful repair of damaged organs: An overview on soft-tissue engineering. J Control Release 2021; 332:460-492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Korogiannaki M, Samsom M, Matheson A, Soliman K, Schmidt TA, Sheardown H. Investigating the Synergistic Interactions of Surface Immobilized and Free Natural Ocular Lubricants for Contact Lens Applications: A Comparative Study between Hyaluronic Acid and Proteoglycan 4 (Lubricin). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1062-1072. [PMID: 33434030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The main reasons for the discontinuation of contact lens wear are ocular dryness and discomfort. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4), a mucinous glycoprotein, and hyaluronic acid (HA), a nonsulfated linear glycosaminoglycan, are naturally present in the eye and contribute to ocular hydration and lubrication. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the structure of the recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4)/HA complex on contact lens properties, when one agent is grafted and the counterpart is physisorbed on the surface of model conventional or silicone contact lens materials. Investigation of the wettability, water retention, antifouling, and boundary lubricant properties of the prepared hydrogels showed that the rhPRG4/HA interactions varied with the rhPRG/HA configuration on the hydrogel surface as well as the composition of the underlying substrate used. The rhPRG4-physisorbed/HA-grafted sample was characterized by better antifouling and boundary lubricant properties on the model conventional hydrogels, while the HA-physisorbed/rhPRG4-grafted sample exhibited improved surface wettability, antifouling, and water-retentive properties on the model silicone hydrogels. The results of this study contribute to the design of biomimetic contact lens surfaces that work synergistically with ocular fluid-phase biological agents to enhance compatibility between the contact lens and the ocular environment, alleviating dry eye symptoms and improving comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Korogiannaki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Michael Samsom
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Austyn Matheson
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Karim Soliman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, United States
| | - Heather Sheardown
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
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13
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Yi J, Nguyen KCT, Wang W, Yang W, Pan M, Lou E, Major PW, Le LH, Zeng H. Polyacrylamide/Alginate double-network tough hydrogels for intraoral ultrasound imaging. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 578:598-607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Flowers SA, Thomsson KA, Ali L, Huang S, Mthembu Y, Regmi SC, Holgersson J, Schmidt TA, Rolfson O, Björkman LI, Sundqvist M, Karlsson-Bengtsson A, Jay GD, Eisler T, Krawetz R, Karlsson NG. Decrease of core 2 O-glycans on synovial lubricin in osteoarthritis reduces galectin-3 mediated crosslinking. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:16023-16036. [PMID: 32928962 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The synovial fluid glycoprotein lubricin (also known as proteoglycan 4) is a mucin-type O-linked glycosylated biological lubricant implicated to be involved in osteoarthritis (OA) development. Lubricin's ability to reduce friction is related to its glycosylation consisting of sialylated and unsialylated Tn-antigens and core 1 and core 2 structures. The glycans on lubricin have also been suggested to be involved in crosslinking and stabilization of the lubricating superficial layer of cartilage by mediating interaction between lubricin and galectin-3. However, with the spectrum of glycans being found on lubricin, the glycan candidates involved in this interaction were unknown. Here, we confirm that the core 2 O-linked glycans mediate this lubricin-galectin-3 interaction, shown by surface plasmon resonance data indicating that recombinant lubricin (rhPRG4) devoid of core 2 structures did not bind to recombinant galectin-3. Conversely, transfection of Chinese hamster ovary cells with the core 2 GlcNAc transferase acting on a mucin-type O-glycoprotein displayed increased galectin-3 binding. Both the level of galectin-3 and the galectin-3 interactions with synovial lubricin were found to be decreased in late-stage OA patients, coinciding with an increase in unsialylated core 1 O-glycans (T-antigens) and Tn-antigens. These data suggest a defect in crosslinking of surface-active molecules in OA and provide novel insights into OA molecular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Flowers
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina A Thomsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liaqat Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yolanda Mthembu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Suresh C Regmi
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jan Holgersson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ola Rolfson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena I Björkman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martina Sundqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Karlsson-Bengtsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gregory D Jay
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School and Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Thomas Eisler
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Roman Krawetz
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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15
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Abstract
PURPOSE Lubricin, a boundary lubricant, is the body's unique antiadhesive, antifibrotic, antifriction, and antiinflammatory glycoprotein. This amphiphile is produced by numerous tissues and acts to regulate a number of processes, such as homeostasis, shear stress, tissue development, innate immunity, inflammation, and wound healing. We hypothesize that lubricin is also synthesized and expressed by the amniotic membrane (AM), which also possesses antiadhesive, antifibrotic, and antiinflammatory properties. We also hypothesize that lubricin, at least in part, mediates these AM capabilities. Our goal was to test our hypothesis. METHODS We obtained multiple samples of fresh, cryopreserved (CP), and freeze-dried (FD) human AMs, as well as fresh placental tissue as positive controls, and processed them for light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and western blot analyses. We also evaluated the ability of recombinant human lubricin to associate with FD-AMs. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that all fresh placental, fresh AM, and CP-AM samples contained lubricin. Lubricin was expressed in placental chorionic villi, AM epithelial and stromal cells, and CP-AM epithelia. No lubricin could be detected in FD-AMs but could be restored in FD-AMs after overnight incubation with recombinant human lubricin. CONCLUSIONS This study supports our hypothesis that lubricin is expressed in human AMs. In addition, our data show that preservation methods influence the extent of this expression. Indeed, the disappearance of lubricin in FD-AMs may explain why dried AM reportedly loses its antiinflammatory and antiscarring abilities. It is possible that lubricin may mediate, at least in part, many of the biological properties of AMs.
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16
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Walimbe T, Panitch A. Proteoglycans in Biomedicine: Resurgence of an Underexploited Class of ECM Molecules. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1661. [PMID: 32082161 PMCID: PMC7000921 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteoglycans have emerged as biomacromolecules with important roles in matrix remodeling, homeostasis, and signaling in the past two decades. Due to their negatively charged glycosaminoglycan chains as well as distinct core protein structures, they interact with a variety of molecules, including matrix proteins, growth factors, cytokines and chemokines, pathogens, and enzymes. This led to the dawn of glycan therapies in the 20th century, but this research was quickly overshadowed by readily available DNA and protein-based therapies. The recent development of recombinant technology and advances in our understanding of proteoglycan function have led to a resurgence of these molecules as potential therapeutics. This review focuses on the recent preclinical efforts that are bringing proteoglycan research and therapies back to the forefront. Examples of studies using proteoglycan cores and mimetics have also been included to give the readers a perspective on the wide-ranging and extensive applications of these versatile molecules. Collectively, these advances are opening new avenues for targeting diseases at a molecular level, and providing avenues for the development of new and exciting treatments in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanaya Walimbe
- Laboratory of Engineered Therapeutics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Laboratory of Engineered Therapeutics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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17
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Qiao Z, Xin M, Wang L, Li H, Wang C, Wang L, Tang T, Zhu B, Huang G, Wang Y, Zheng M, Dai K. Proteoglycan 4 predicts tribological properties of repaired cartilage tissue. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2538-2552. [PMID: 32194818 PMCID: PMC7052906 DOI: 10.7150/thno.39386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: One of the essential requirements in maintaining the normal joint motor function is the perfect tribological property of the articular cartilage. Many cartilage regeneration strategies have been developed for treatment in early stages of osteoarthritis, but there is little information on how repaired articular cartilage regains durability. The identification of biomarkers that can predict wear resistant property is critical to advancing the success of cartilage regeneration therapies. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) is a macromolecule distributing on the chondrocyte surface that contributes to lubrication. In this study, we investigate if PRG4 expression is associated with tribological properties of regenerated cartilage, and is able to predict its wear resistant status. Methods: Two different strategies including bone marrow enrichment plus microfracture (B/BME-MFX) and microfracture alone (B-MFX) of cartilage repair in sheep were used. PRG4 expression and a series of tribological parameters on regenerated cartilage were rigorously examined and compared. Results: Highly and continuously expression of PRG4 in regenerated cartilage surface was negatively correlated with each tribological parameter (P<0.0001, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that PRG4 expression was the key predictor that contributed to the promotion of cartilage wear resistance. Conclusion: Higher PRG4 expression in regenerated cartilage is significantly associated with wear resistance improvement. PRG4 may be useful for predicting the wear resistant status of regenerated cartilage and determining the optimal cartilage repair strategy.
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18
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Han M, Silva SM, Lei W, Quigley A, Kapsa RMI, Moulton SE, Greene GW. Adhesion and Self-Assembly of Lubricin (PRG4) Brush Layers on Different Substrate Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:15834-15848. [PMID: 31355643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lubricin (LUB, aka PRG4), a mucin-like glycoprotein, is best known for the significant role it plays in the boundary lubrication, wear protection, and adhesion control systems in human joints. However, LUB exhibits a number of diverse and useful properties, including a remarkable ability to self-assemble into a telechelic brush structure onto virtually any substrate. This self-assembly behavior has spawned the emergence of numerous nontraditional applications of LUB coatings in numerous areas such as microfluidics, electrochemical sensors, contact lenses, antifouling surfaces, and bionic neural interfaces. Although LUB will readily self-assemble on most substrates, it has become apparent that the substrate has a significant influence on the LUB layer's demonstrated lubrication, antiadhesion, electrokinetic, and size-selective transport properties; however, investigations into LUB-substrate interactions and how they influence the self-assembled LUB layer structure remain a neglected aspect of LUB research. This study utilizes AFM force spectroscopy to directly assess the adhesion energy of LUB molecules adsorbed to a wide variety of different substrates which include inorganic, polymeric, and metallic materials. An analysis of the steric repulsive forces measured on approach provides a qualitative assessment of the LUB layer's mechanical modulus, related to the chain packing density, across substrates. These modulus measurements, combined with characteristic features and the dwell time dependence of the LUB adhesion forces provide insight into the organization and uniformity of the LUB brush structure. The results of these measurements indicate that LUB interactions with different substrates are highly variable and substrate-specific, resulting in a surprisingly broad spectrum of adhesion energies and layer properties (i.e., chain density, uniformity, etc.) which are not, themselves, correlated or easily predicted by substrate properties. In addition, this study finds exceptionally poor LUB adhesion to both mica and poly(methyl methacrylate) surfaces that remain widely used substrates for constructing model surfaces in fundamental tribology studies which may have significant implications for the findings of a number of foundational studies into LUB tribology and molecular synergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Han
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science , Deakin University , Melbourne , Victoria 3216 , Australia
| | - Saimon M Silva
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , Victoria 3122 , Australia
- BioFab3D@ACMD , St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne , Fitzroy , Victoria 3065 , Australia
| | - Weiwei Lei
- Institute for Frontier Materials , Deakin University , Geelong , Victoria , Australia
| | - Anita Quigley
- BioFab3D@ACMD , St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne , Fitzroy , Victoria 3065 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- BioFab3D@ACMD , St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne , Fitzroy , Victoria 3065 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , Victoria 3122 , Australia
| | - George W Greene
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science , Deakin University , Melbourne , Victoria 3216 , Australia
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19
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Hurtig M, Zaghoul I, Sheardown H, Schmidt TA, Liu L, Zhang L, Elsaid KA, Jay GD. Two compartment pharmacokinetic model describes the intra-articular delivery and retention of rhprg4 following ACL transection in the Yucatan mini pig. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:386-396. [PMID: 30488470 PMCID: PMC7201402 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of the injured joint with rhPRG4 is based on recent observations that inflammation diminishes expression of native PRG4. Re-establishing lubrication between pressurized and sliding cartilage surfaces during locomotion promotes the nascent expression of PRG4 and thus intra-articular (IA) treatment strategies should be supported by pharmacokinetic evidence establishing the residence time of rhPRG4. A total of 21 Yucatan minipigs weighing ∼55 kg each received 4 mg of 131 I-rhPRG4 delivered by IA injection 5 days following surgical ACL transection. Animals were sequentially euthanized following IA rhPRG4 at 10 min (time zero), 24, 72 h, 6, 13 and 20 days later. The decay of the 131 I-rhPRG4 was measured relative to a non-injected aliquot and normalized to the weight of cartilage samples, menisci and synovium, and known cartilage volumes from each compartment surface obtained from representative Yucatan minipig knees. Decay of 131 I-rhPRG4 from joint tissues best fit a two-compartment model with an α half-life (t1/2α ) of 11.28 h and β half-life (t1/2β ) of 4.81 days. The tibial and femoral cartilage, meniscii, and synovium retained 7.7% of dose at 24 h. High concentrations of rhPRG4 were found in synovial fluid (SF) that was non-aspiratable and resided on the articular surfaces, removable by irrigation, at 10 min following 131 I-rhPRG4 injection. Synovial fluid K21 exceeded K12 and SF t1/2β was 28 days indicating SF is the reservoir for rhPRG4 following IA injection. Clinical Significance: rhPRG4 following IA delivery in a traumatized joint populates articular surfaces for a considerable period and may promote the native expression of PRG4. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:386-396, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Hurtig
- Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iman Zaghoul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Heather Sheardown
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tannin A. Schmidt
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut,,Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Lina Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 1 Hoppin Street, Coro West Suite 112, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Khaled A. Elsaid
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, California
| | - Gregory D. Jay
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 1 Hoppin Street, Coro West Suite 112, Providence, Rhode Island 02903,,Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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20
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Huang J, Qiu X, Xie L, Jay GD, Schmidt TA, Zeng H. Probing the Molecular Interactions and Lubrication Mechanisms of Purified Full-Length Recombinant Human Proteoglycan 4 (rhPRG4) and Hyaluronic Acid (HA). Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1056-1067. [PMID: 30608145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Probing the adsorption and lubrication behavior of lubricin, also known as proteoglycan 4 (PRG4), is important for understanding the ultralow friction of cartilage lubrication. Most previous research has focused on native lubricin either purified from synovial fluid or articular cartilage explant culture media. In this work, the adsorption behavior and lubrication mechanism of full-length recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4) on mica as well as the effect of adding hyaluronic acid (HA, a polysaccharide) were systematically investigated using a surface forces apparatus (SFA) technique. A low friction coefficient (μ ∼ 0.04) was measured when multilayer rhPRG4 (∼31 nm) was confined in between mica surfaces, even when the load increased to ∼1.2 MPa. Intriguingly, a previously unreported ultralow friction coefficient (μ < 0.005) was observed at a low sliding velocity ( v = 0.14 μm/s) with the applied load P reaching ∼3.6 MPa when a diluted rhPRG4 solution (∼90 μg/mL) was used. The distinct friction behavior is likely due to the smooth and more close-packed lubricin coating, as made evident by the atomic force microscope imaging. Adding HA onto multilayer rhPRG4-coated mica increased the friction coefficient μ to ∼0.1; however, the load bearing property increased, indicating potential synergistic effect between rhPRG4 and HA, which was further demonstrated by the weak adhesion observed when separating rhPRG4-coated mica and HA-coated aminopropyltriethoxysilane-mica (APTES-mica). Alternatively, adding premixed rhPRG4-HA on mica had a friction coefficient (μ ∼ 0.1) close to that of injecting concentrated rhPRG4 (∼450 μg/mL) with lower load sustainability. Our results provide fundamental insights into the adsorption and lubrication behavior of lubricin and its interaction with HA, with useful implications for the underlying mechanism of ultralow friction provided by synovial fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- Center for Advanced Jet Engineering Technologies (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), Department of Mechanical Engineering , Shandong University , Jingshi Road 17923 , Jinan 250061 , China.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Xiaoyong Qiu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Gregory D Jay
- Department of Emergency Medicine , Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02903 , United States.,Department of Engineering , Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island 02903 , United States
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine , University of Connecticut Health Center , 263 Farmington Avenue , Farmington , Connecticut 06030 , United States
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
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21
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Faivre J, Montembault A, Sudre G, Shrestha BR, Xie G, Matyjaszewski K, Benayoun S, Banquy X, Delair T, David L. Lubrication and Wear Protection of Micro-Structured Hydrogels Using Bioinspired Fluids. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:326-335. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Faivre
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP- CNRS UMR 5223, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 15 Boulevard Latarjet, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Canadian Research Chair in Bioinspired Materials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Alexandra Montembault
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP- CNRS UMR 5223, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 15 Boulevard Latarjet, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Guillaume Sudre
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP- CNRS UMR 5223, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 15 Boulevard Latarjet, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Buddha Ratna Shrestha
- Canadian Research Chair in Bioinspired Materials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Guojun Xie
- Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Center for Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Stéphane Benayoun
- Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes, CNRS UMR 5513, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 Avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Banquy
- Canadian Research Chair in Bioinspired Materials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Thierry Delair
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP- CNRS UMR 5223, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 15 Boulevard Latarjet, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Laurent David
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP- CNRS UMR 5223, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 15 Boulevard Latarjet, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Korogiannaki M, Samsom M, Schmidt TA, Sheardown H. Surface-Functionalized Model Contact Lenses with a Bioinspired Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4)-Grafted Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:30125-30136. [PMID: 30114356 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ocular dryness and discomfort are the primary reasons for the discontinuation of contact lens wear. This is mainly due to poorly hydrated contact lens surfaces and increased friction, particularly at the end of the day and can potentially cause reduced vision or even inflammation. Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) is a mucinous glycoprotein with boundary lubricating properties, naturally found in the eye, able to prevent tear film evaporation and protect the ocular surface during blinking. Aiming to improve the interfacial interactions between the ocular surface and the contact lens, the synthesis and characterization of surface-modified model contact lenses with PRG4 is described. Full-length recombinant human PRG4 (rhPRG4) was successfully grafted onto the surface of model conventional and silicone hydrogel (SiHy) contact lenses via its somatomedin B-like end-domain using N, N'-carbonyldiimidazole linking chemistry. Grafting was assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and radioactive (I131) labeling. Surface immobilization of rhPRG4 led to model conventional and SiHy materials with improved antifouling properties, without impacting optical transparency or causing any toxic effects to human corneal epithelial cells in vitro. The surface wettability and the boundary friction against human corneal tissue were found to be substrate-dependent, with only the rhPRG4-grafted model SiHy exhibiting a reduced contact angle and kinetic friction coefficient compared to the unmodified surfaces. Hence, clinical grade rhPRG4 can be an attractive candidate for the development of novel bioinspired SiHy contact lenses, providing improved comfort and overall lens performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Korogiannaki
- Department of Chemical Engineering , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L7 , Canada
| | - Michael Samsom
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 1N4 , Canada
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta T2N 1N4 , Canada
| | - Heather Sheardown
- Department of Chemical Engineering , McMaster University , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4L7 , Canada
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Advances in Tribology of Lubricin and Lubricin-Like Synthetic Polymer Nanostructures. LUBRICANTS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/lubricants6020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Samsom M, Korogiannaki M, Subbaraman LN, Sheardown H, Schmidt TA. Hyaluronan incorporation into model contact lens hydrogels as a built-in lubricant: Effect of hydrogel composition and proteoglycan 4 as a lubricant in solution. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:1818-1826. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Samsom
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
| | - Myrto Korogiannaki
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Lakshman N. Subbaraman
- Centre for Contact Lens Research, School of Optometry & Vision Science; University of Waterloo; Waterloo Ontario Canada
| | - Heather Sheardown
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Tannin A. Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology; University of Calgary; Calgary Alberta Canada
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