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Zhong C, Li N, Wang S, Li D, Yang Z, Du L, Huang G, Li H, Yeung WS, He S, Ma S, Wang Z, Jiang H, Zhang H, Li Z, Wen X, Xue S, Tao X, Li H, Xie D, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Wang J, Yan J, Liang Z, Zhang Z, Zhong Z, Wu Z, Wan C, Liang C, Wang L, Yu S, Ma Y, Yu Y, Li F, Chen Y, Zhang B, Lyu A, Ren F, Zhou H, Liu J, Zhang G. Targeting osteoblastic 11β-HSD1 to combat high-fat diet-induced bone loss and obesity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8588. [PMID: 39362888 PMCID: PMC11449908 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive glucocorticoid (GC) action is linked to various metabolic disorders. Recent findings suggest that disrupting skeletal GC signaling prevents bone loss and alleviates metabolic disorders in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice, underpinning the neglected contribution of skeletal GC action to obesity and related bone loss. Here, we show that the elevated expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), the enzyme driving local GC activation, and GC signaling in osteoblasts, are associated with bone loss and obesity in HFD-fed male mice. Osteoblast-specific 11β-HSD1 knockout male mice exhibit resistance to HFD-induced bone loss and metabolic disorders. Mechanistically, elevated 11β-HSD1 restrains glucose uptake and osteogenic activity in osteoblast. Pharmacologically inhibiting osteoblastic 11β-HSD1 by using bone-targeted 11β-HSD1 inhibitor markedly promotes bone formation, ameliorates glucose handling and mitigated obesity in HFD-fed male mice. Taken together, our study demonstrates that osteoblastic 11β-HSD1 directly contributes to HFD-induced bone loss, glucose handling impairment and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Zhong
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nanxi Li
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shengzheng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dijie Li
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Gui Lin, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Du
- Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Guangxin Huang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitian Li
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Sze Yeung
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shan He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuting Ma
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhuqian Wang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hewen Jiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huarui Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhanghao Li
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoxin Wen
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohui Tao
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haorui Li
- Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Duoli Xie
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yihao Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zefeng Chen
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Junqin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianfeng Yan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhengming Liang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zongkang Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhigang Zhong
- Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zeting Wu
- International Medical Service Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sifan Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fangfei Li
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Baoting Zhang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aiping Lyu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Fuzeng Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hong Zhou
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Jin Liu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Natural Medicines, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Research Platform for Aptamer-based Translational Medicine and Drug Discovery, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Wee NKY, McGregor NE, Walker EC, Poulton IJ, Dang MKM, Gooi JH, Phillips WA, Sims NA. Direct activation of PI3K in osteoblasts and osteocytes strengthens murine bone through sex-specific actions on cortical surfaces. J Bone Miner Res 2024; 39:1174-1187. [PMID: 38959852 DOI: 10.1093/jbmr/zjae102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling is activated by multiple bone-active receptors. Genetic mutations activating PI3K signaling are associated with clinical syndromes of tissue overgrowth in multiple organs, often including the skeleton. While one formation is increased by removing the PI3K inhibitor (phosphatase and TENsin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN)), the effect of direct PI3K activation in the osteoblast lineage has not been reported. We introduced a known gain-of-function mutation in Pik3ca, the gene encoding the p110α catalytic subunit of PI3K, in osteocytes and late osteoblasts using the dentin matrix protein-1 Cre (Dmp1Cre) mouse and assessed the skeletal phenotype. Femur shape was grossly normal, but cortical thickness was significantly greater in both male and female Dmp1Cre.Pik3caH1047R mice, leading to almost doubled bone strength at 12 wk of age. Both sexes had smaller marrow areas from 6 wk of age. Female mice also exhibited greater cross-sectional area, which continued to increase until 24 wk of age, resulting in a further increase in bone strength. Although both male and female mice had increased endocortical mineralizing surface, only female mice had increased periosteal mineralizing surface. The bone formed in the Dmp1Cre.Pik3caH1047R mice showed no increase in intracortical remodeling nor any defect in cortical bone consolidation. In contrast, on both endocortical and periosteal surfaces, there was more lamellar bone formation, including highly organized osteocyte networks extending along the entire surface at a greater thickness than in control mice. In conclusion, direct activation of PI3Kα in cells targeted by Dmp1Cre leads to high cortical bone mass and strength with abundant lamellar cortical bone in female and male mice with no increase in intracortical remodeling. This differs from the effect of PTEN deletion in the same cells, suggesting that activating PI3Kα in osteoblasts and osteocytes may be a more suitable target to promote formation of lamellar bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie K Y Wee
- Bone Cell Biology and Disease Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St, Fitzroy 3065, Victoria, Australia
| | - Narelle E McGregor
- Bone Cell Biology and Disease Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St, Fitzroy 3065, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emma C Walker
- Bone Cell Biology and Disease Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St, Fitzroy 3065, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ingrid J Poulton
- Bone Cell Biology and Disease Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St, Fitzroy 3065, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle Kieu Mi Dang
- Bone Cell Biology and Disease Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St, Fitzroy 3065, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan H Gooi
- Structural Biology Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St, Fitzroy 3065, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wayne A Phillips
- Cancer Biology and Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne 3000, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie A Sims
- Bone Cell Biology and Disease Unit, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St, Fitzroy 3065, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy 3065, Victoria, Australia
- Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne 3065, Victoria, Australia
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Lee J, Yon DK, Choi YS, Lee J, Yeo JH, Kim SS, Lee JM, Yeo SG. Roles of SMAD and SMAD-Associated Signaling Pathways in Nerve Regeneration Following Peripheral Nerve Injury: A Narrative Literature Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:7769-7781. [PMID: 39057101 PMCID: PMC11276098 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Although several methods are being applied to treat peripheral nerve injury, a perfect treatment that leads to full functional recovery has not yet been developed. SMAD (Suppressor of Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog) plays a crucial role in nerve regeneration by facilitating the survival and growth of nerve cells following peripheral nerve injury. We conducted a systematic literature review on the role of SMAD in this context. Following peripheral nerve injury, there was an increase in the expression of SMAD1, -2, -4, -5, and -8, while SMAD5, -6, and -7 showed no significant changes; SMAD8 expression was decreased. Specifically, SMAD1 and SMAD4 were found to promote nerve regeneration, whereas SMAD2 and SMAD6 inhibited it. SMAD exerts its effects by promoting neuronal survival and growth through BMP/SMAD1, BMP/SMAD4, and BMP/SMAD7 signaling pathways. Furthermore, it activates nerve regeneration programs via the PI3K/GSK3/SMAD1 pathway, facilitating active regeneration of nerve cells and subsequent functional recovery after peripheral nerve damage. By leveraging these mechanisms of SMAD, novel strategies for treating peripheral nerve damage could potentially be developed. We aim to further elucidate the precise mechanisms of nerve regeneration mediated by SMAD and explore the potential for developing targeted nerve treatments based on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yong Sung Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jinseok Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joon Hyung Yeo
- Public Health Center, Danyang-gun 27010, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae Min Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seung Geun Yeo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
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Mejias Rivera L, Shore EM, Mourkioti F. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Heterotopic Ossification in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva. Biomedicines 2024; 12:779. [PMID: 38672135 PMCID: PMC11048698 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a debilitating genetic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of heterotopic ossification (HO) formation in muscles, tendons, and ligaments. FOP is caused by a missense mutation in the ACVR1 gene (activin A receptor type I), an important signaling receptor involved in endochondral ossification. The ACVR1R206H mutation induces increased downstream canonical SMAD-signaling and drives tissue-resident progenitor cells with osteogenic potential to participate in endochondral HO formation. In this article, we review aberrant ACVR1R206H signaling and the cells that give rise to HO in FOP. FOP mouse models and lineage tracing analyses have been used to provide strong evidence for tissue-resident mesenchymal cells as cellular contributors to HO. We assess how the underlying mutation in FOP disrupts muscle-specific dynamics during homeostasis and repair, with a focus on muscle-resident mesenchymal cells known as fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). Accumulating research points to FAPs as a prominent HO progenitor population, with ACVR1R206H FAPs not only aberrantly differentiating into chondro-osteogenic lineages but creating a permissive environment for bone formation at the expense of muscle regeneration. We will further discuss the emerging role of ACVR1R206H FAPs in muscle regeneration and therapeutic targeting of these cells to reduce HO formation in FOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreilys Mejias Rivera
- Cell and Molecular Biology, Genetics and Epigenetics Graduate Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Eileen M. Shore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Foteini Mourkioti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Musculoskeletal Program, Penn Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Mao D, Wang K, Jiang H, Mi J, Pan X, Zhao G, Rui Y. Suppression of Overactive Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Attenuates Trauma-Induced Heterotopic Ossification in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:430-446. [PMID: 38101566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the ectopic bone formation in soft tissues. Aside from hereditary HO, traumatic HO is common after orthopedic surgery, combat-related injuries, severe burns, or neurologic injuries. Recently, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) was demonstrated to be involved in the chondrogenic and osteogenic processes of HO formation. However, its upstream signaling mechanism remains unknown. The current study used an Achilles tendon puncture-induced HO model to show that overactive insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was involved in the progression of HO in mice. Micro-computed tomography imaging showed that IGF-1 not only accelerated the rate of osteogenesis and increased ectopic bone volume but also induced spontaneous ectopic bone formation in undamaged Achilles tendons. Blocking IGF-1 activity with IGF-1 antibody or IGF-1 receptor inhibitor picropodophyllin significantly inhibited HO formation. Mechanistically, IGF-1/IGF-1 receptor activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling to promote the phosphorylation of mTOR, resulting in the chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells into chondrocytes and osteoblasts in vitro and in vivo. Inhibitors of PI3K (LY294002) and mTOR (rapamycin) both suppressed the IGF-1-stimulated mTOR signal and mitigated the formation of ectopic bones significantly. In conclusion, these results indicate that IGF-1 mediated the progression of traumatic HO through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, and suppressing IGF-1 signaling cascades attenuated HO formation, providing a promising therapeutic strategy targeting HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Mao
- Orthopaedic Institute, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China; Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China; Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Hand Surgery, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingyi Mi
- Department of Sports Medicine, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoyun Pan
- Orthopaedic Institute, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China.
| | - Yongjun Rui
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China; Department of Orthopedics, Wuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China.
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Wu M, Wu S, Chen W, Li YP. The roles and regulatory mechanisms of TGF-β and BMP signaling in bone and cartilage development, homeostasis and disease. Cell Res 2024; 34:101-123. [PMID: 38267638 PMCID: PMC10837209 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00918-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-βs (TGF-βs) and bone morphometric proteins (BMPs) belong to the TGF-β superfamily and perform essential functions during osteoblast and chondrocyte lineage commitment and differentiation, skeletal development, and homeostasis. TGF-βs and BMPs transduce signals through SMAD-dependent and -independent pathways; specifically, they recruit different receptor heterotetramers and R-Smad complexes, resulting in unique biological readouts. BMPs promote osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, and chondrogenesis at all differentiation stages, while TGF-βs play different roles in a stage-dependent manner. BMPs and TGF-β have opposite functions in articular cartilage homeostasis. Moreover, TGF-β has a specific role in maintaining the osteocyte network. The precise activation of BMP and TGF-β signaling requires regulatory machinery at multiple levels, including latency control in the matrix, extracellular antagonists, ubiquitination and phosphorylation in the cytoplasm, nucleus-cytoplasm transportation, and transcriptional co-regulation in the nuclei. This review weaves the background information with the latest advances in the signaling facilitated by TGF-βs and BMPs, and the advanced understanding of their diverse physiological functions and regulations. This review also summarizes the human diseases and mouse models associated with disordered TGF-β and BMP signaling. A more precise understanding of the BMP and TGF-β signaling could facilitate the development of bona fide clinical applications in treating bone and cartilage disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengrui Wu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shali Wu
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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7
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Santos MDS, Lima VTM, Barrioni BR, Vago JP, de Arruda JAA, Prazeres PD, Amaral FA, Silva TA, Macari S. Targeting phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase for inhibiting maxillary bone resorption. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2651-2667. [PMID: 37814842 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested a role of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) in bone remodeling, but the mechanism remains undefined. Here, we explored the contribution of PI3Kγ in the resorption of maxillary bone and dental roots using models of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), orthodontic-induced inflammatory root resorption, and rapid maxillary expansion (RME). PI3Kγ-deficient mice (PI3Kγ-/- ), mice with loss of PI3Kγ kinase activity (PI3KγKD/KD ) and C57BL/6 mice treated with a PI3Kγ inhibitor (AS605240) and respective controls were used. The maxillary bones of PI3Kγ-/- , PI3KγKD/KD , and C57BL/6 mice treated with AS605240 showed an improvement of bone quality compared to their controls, resulting in reduction of the OTM and RME in all experimental groups. PI3Kγ-/- mice exhibited increased root volume and decreased odontoclasts counts. Consistently, the pharmacological blockade or genetic deletion of PI3K resulted in increased numbers of osteoblasts and reduction in osteoclasts during OTM. There was an augmented expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and alkaline phosphatase (Alp), a reduction of interleukin-6 (Il-6), as well as a lack of responsiveness of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β (Rank) in PI3Kγ-/- and PI3KγKD/KD mice compared to control mice. The maxillary bones of PI3Kγ-/- animals showed reduced p-Akt expression. In vitro, bone marrow cells treated with AS605240 and cells from PI3Kγ-/- mice exhibited significant augment of osteoblast mineralization and less osteoclast differentiation. The PI3Kγ/Akt axis is pivotal for bone remodeling by providing negative and positive signals for the differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de S Santos
- Department of Morphology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Virgínia T M Lima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Breno R Barrioni
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana P Vago
- Department of Morphology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Alcides A de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro D Prazeres
- Department of Pathology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flávio A Amaral
- Department of Morphology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tarcília A Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Soraia Macari
- Department of Morphology, Biological Science Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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8
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Sanz-Serrano D, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Mercade M, Ventura F. Dental Stem Cells SV40, a new cell line developed in vitro from human stem cells of the apical papilla. Int Endod J 2023; 56:502-513. [PMID: 36585930 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To establish and fully characterize a new cell line from human stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAPs) through immortalization with an SV40 large T antigen. METHODOLOGY Human SCAPs were isolated and transfected with an SV40 large T antigen and treated with puromycin to select the infected population. Expression of human mesenchymal surface markers CD73, CD90 and CD105 was assessed in the new cell line named Dental Stem Cells SV40 (DSCS) by flow cytometry at early and late passages. Cell contact inhibition and proliferation were also analysed. To evaluate trilineage differentiation, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and histological staining were performed. RESULTS DSCS cell flow cytometry confirmed the expression of mesenchymal surface markers even in late passages [100% positive for CD73 and CD90 and 98.9% for CD105 at passage (P) 25]. Fewer than 0.5% were positive for haematopoietic cell markers (CD45 and CD34). DSCS cells also showed increased proliferation when compared to the primary culture after 48 h, with a doubling time of 23.46 h for DSCS cells and 40.31 h for SCAPs, and retained the capacity to grow for >45 passages (150 population doubling) and their spindle-shaped morphology. Trilineage differentiation potential was confirmed through histochemical staining and gene expression of the chondrogenic markers SOX9 and COL2A1, adipogenic markers CEBPA and LPL, and osteogenic markers COL1A1 and ALPL. CONCLUSIONS The new cell line derived from human SCAPs has multipotency, retains its morphology and expression of mesenchymal surface markers and shows higher proliferative capacity even at late passages (P45). DSCS cells can be used for in vitro study of root development and to achieve a better understanding of the regenerative mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sanz-Serrano
- Department of Dentistry, Universitat de Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-de-Diego
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Montse Mercade
- Department of Dentistry, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Researcher at IDIBELL Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Researcher at IDIBELL Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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9
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Wesseler F, Lohmann S, Riege D, Halver J, Roth A, Pichlo C, Weber S, Takamiya M, Müller E, Ketzel J, Flegel J, Gihring A, Rastegar S, Bertrand J, Baumann U, Knippschild U, Peifer C, Sievers S, Waldmann H, Schade D. Phenotypic Discovery of Triazolo[1,5- c]quinazolines as a First-In-Class Bone Morphogenetic Protein Amplifier Chemotype. J Med Chem 2022; 65:15263-15281. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Wesseler
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Compound Management and Screening Center COMAS, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology (MPI), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Lohmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniel Riege
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jonas Halver
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Aileen Roth
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Pichlo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sabrina Weber
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Masanari Takamiya
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Eva Müller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jana Ketzel
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jana Flegel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Adrian Gihring
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sepand Rastegar
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Biological Information Processing at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jessica Bertrand
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Peifer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sonja Sievers
- Compound Management and Screening Center COMAS, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology (MPI), 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227Dortmund, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227Dortmund, Germany
| | - Dennis Schade
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
- Partner Site Kiel, DZHK, German Center for Cardiovascular Research, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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10
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Nagar G, Mittal P, Gupta SRR, Pahuja M, Sanger M, Mishra R, Singh A, Singh IK. Multi-omics therapeutic perspective on ACVR1 gene: from genetic alterations to potential targeting. Brief Funct Genomics 2022; 22:123-142. [PMID: 36003055 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Activin A receptor type I (ACVR1), a transmembrane serine/threonine kinase, belongs to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, which signals via phosphorylating the downstream effectors and SMAD transcription factors. Its central role in several biological processes and intracellular signaling is well known. Genetic variation in ACVR1 has been associated with a rare disease, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive, and its somatic alteration is reported in rare cancer diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Furthermore, altered expression or variation of ACVR1 is associated with multiple pathologies such as polycystic ovary syndrome, congenital heart defects, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, posterior fossa ependymoma and other malignancies. Recent advancements have witnessed ACVR1 as a potential pharmacological target, and divergent promising approaches for its therapeutic targeting have been explored. This review highlights the structural and functional characteristics of receptor ACVR1, associated signaling pathways, genetic variants in several diseases and cancers, protein-protein interaction, gene expression, regulatory miRNA prediction and potential therapeutic targeting approaches. The comprehensive knowledge will offer new horizons and insights into future strategies harnessing its therapeutic potential.
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11
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Sethakorn N, Heninger E, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Ding AB, Yada RC, Kerr SC, Kosoff D, Beebe DJ, Lang JM. Advancing Treatment of Bone Metastases through Novel Translational Approaches Targeting the Bone Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:757. [PMID: 35159026 PMCID: PMC8833657 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases represent a lethal condition that frequently occurs in solid tumors such as prostate, breast, lung, and renal cell carcinomas, and increase the risk of skeletal-related events (SREs) including pain, pathologic fractures, and spinal cord compression. This unique metastatic niche consists of a multicellular complex that cancer cells co-opt to engender bone remodeling, immune suppression, and stromal-mediated therapeutic resistance. This review comprehensively discusses clinical challenges of bone metastases, novel preclinical models of the bone and bone marrow microenviroment, and crucial signaling pathways active in bone homeostasis and metastatic niche. These studies establish the context to summarize the current state of investigational agents targeting BM, and approaches to improve BM-targeting therapies. Finally, we discuss opportunities to advance research in bone and bone marrow microenvironments by increasing complexity of humanized preclinical models and fostering interdisciplinary collaborations to translational research in this challenging metastatic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sethakorn
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Erika Heninger
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Cristina Sánchez-de-Diego
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Adeline B. Ding
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Ravi Chandra Yada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Sheena C. Kerr
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - David Kosoff
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - David J. Beebe
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Joshua M. Lang
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (N.S.); (E.H.); (C.S.-d.-D.); (A.B.D.); (S.C.K.); (D.K.); (D.J.B.)
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, 1111 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705, USA
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12
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Vijaykumar A, Mina M. Lithium Chloride Exerts Differential Effects on Dentinogenesis and Osteogenesis in Primary Pulp Cultures. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.649500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is known to play essential roles in odontoblast differentiation and reparative dentin formation. Various Wnt activators including LiCl have been increasingly studied for their effectiveness to induce repair of the dentin-pulp complex. LiCl is a simple salt thought to activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling by inhibiting GSK3β. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies showed that LiCl increased odontoblast differentiation and enhanced reparative dentin formation. However, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms by which LiCl regulates odontoblast and osteoblast differentiation during reparative dentinogenesis are not well-understood. Our in vitro studies show that exposure of early dental pulp progenitors to LiCl increased the survival and the pool of αSMA+ progenitors, leading to enhanced odontoblast and osteoblast differentiation. The positive effects of LiCl in the differentiation of osteoblasts and odontoblasts from αSMA+ progenitors are mediated by Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our results also showed that continuous and late exposure of dental pulp cells to LiCl increased the expression of odontoblast markers through Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and the number of odontoblasts expressing DMP1-Cherry and DSPP-Cerulean transgenes. However, unlike the early treatment, both continuous and late treatments decreased the expression of Bsp and the expression of BSP-GFPtpz transgene. These observations suggest that prolonged treatment with LiCl in more mature cells of the dental pulp has an inhibitory effect on osteoblast differentiation. The inhibitory effects of LiCl on osteogenesis and Bsp were not mediated through Wnt/β-catenin signaling. These observations suggest that the effects of LiCl, and GSK3β antagonists on reparative dentinogenesis involve multiple pathways and are not specific to Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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13
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Ventura F, Williams E, Ikeya M, Bullock AN, ten Dijke P, Goumans MJ, Sanchez-Duffhues G. Challenges and Opportunities for Drug Repositioning in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020213. [PMID: 33669809 PMCID: PMC7922784 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an ultrarare congenital disease that progresses through intermittent episodes of bone formation at ectopic sites. FOP patients carry heterozygous gene point mutations in activin A receptor type I ACVR1, encoding the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I serine/threonine kinase receptor ALK2, termed activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)2. The mutant ALK2 displays neofunctional responses to activin, a closely related BMP cytokine that normally inhibits regular bone formation. Moreover, the mutant ALK2 becomes hypersensitive to BMPs. Both these activities contribute to enhanced ALK2 signalling and endochondral bone formation in connective tissue. Being a receptor with an extracellular ligand-binding domain and intrinsic intracellular kinase activity, the mutant ALK2 is a druggable target. Although there is no approved cure for FOP yet, a number of clinical trials have been recently initiated, aiming to identify a safe and effective treatment for FOP. Among other targeted approaches, several repurposed drugs have shown promising results. In this review, we describe the molecular mechanisms underlying ALK2 mutation-induced aberrant signalling and ectopic bone formation. In addition, we recapitulate existing in vitro models to screen for novel compounds with a potential application in FOP. We summarize existing therapeutic alternatives and focus on repositioned drugs in FOP, at preclinical and clinical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Ventura
- Department de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Eleanor Williams
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK; (E.W.); (A.N.B.)
| | - Makoto Ikeya
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan;
| | - Alex N. Bullock
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK; (E.W.); (A.N.B.)
| | - Peter ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Marie-José Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Cardiovascular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Gonzalo Sanchez-Duffhues
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Cardiovascular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence:
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14
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Cao C, Wang B, Tang J, Zhao J, Guo J, Guo Q, Yue X, Zhang Z, Liu G, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhang J. Circulating exosomes repair endothelial cell damage by delivering miR-193a-5p. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:2176-2189. [PMID: 33354912 PMCID: PMC7882992 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating exosomes delivering microRNAs are involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. How are the circulating exosomes involved in the repair of endothelial injury in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) convalescence (3-7 days) was still not clear. In this study, circulating exosomes from AMI patients (AMI-Exo) and healthy controls (Normal-Exo) were extracted. In vitro and in vivo, our study showed that circulating exosomes protected endothelial cells (HUVECs) from oxidative stress damage; meanwhile, Normal-Exo showed better protective effects. Through the application of related inhibitors, we found that circulating exosomes shuttled between HUVECs via dynamin. Microarry analysis and qRT-PCR of circulating exosomes showed higher expression of miR-193a-5p in Normal-Exo. Our study showed that miR-193a-5p was the key factor on protecting endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analyses found that activin A receptor type I (ACVR1) was the potential downstream target of miR-193a-5p, which was confirmed by ACVR1 expression and dual-luciferase report. Inhibitor of ACVR1 showed similar protective effects as miR-193a-5p. While overexpression of ACVR1 could attenuate protective effects of miR-193a-5p. To sum up, these findings suggest that circulating exosomes could shuttle between cells through dynamin and deliver miR-193a-5p to protect endothelial cells from oxidative stress damage via ACVR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Cao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junnan Tang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jimin Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiacheng Guo
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoting Yue
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zenglei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gangqiong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yunzhe Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury and Repair of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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15
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Yan Z, Zhan J, Qi W, Lin J, Huang Y, Xue X, Pan X. The Protective Effect of Luteolin in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1195. [PMID: 32903480 PMCID: PMC7435053 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (GIONFH) is a frequently occurring type of nontraumatic osteonecrosis. A failure of the timely treatment can eventually result in the collapse of the subchondral bone structure. Luteolin (Lut), a compound extracted from Rhizoma Drynariae, is reported to possess multiple pharmacological properties including anticancer, antioxidant, antiapoptosis, and antiinflammatory properties. However, whether Lut has a protective effect on the development of GIONFH remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Lut on Dexamethasone (Dex)-induced STAT1/caspase3 pathway in vitro and evaluated GIONFH model in vivo. In vitro, Lut inhibited the upregulation of Dex-induced phospho-STAT1, cleaved caspase9, and cleaved caspase3. In addition, Lut inhibited Dex-induced expression of Bax and cytochrome c and increased the expression of B cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2). In vivo, Lut decreased the proportion of empty lacunae in rats with GIONFH. Taken together, these findings indicate that Lut may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of GIONFH. Further, this effect might be achieved by suppressing mitochondrial apoptosis of osteoblasts via inhibition of STAT1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingdi Zhan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weihui Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthpaedics, Wenzhou, China.,The Second School of Medicine, WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yijiang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinghe Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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16
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Valer JA, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Pimenta-Lopes C, Rosa JL, Ventura F. ACVR1 Function in Health and Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111366. [PMID: 31683698 PMCID: PMC6912516 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activin A receptor type I (ACVR1) encodes for a bone morphogenetic protein type I receptor of the TGFβ receptor superfamily. It is involved in a wide variety of biological processes, including bone, heart, cartilage, nervous, and reproductive system development and regulation. Moreover, ACVR1 has been extensively studied for its causal role in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a rare genetic disorder characterised by progressive heterotopic ossification. ACVR1 is linked to different pathologies, including cardiac malformations and alterations in the reproductive system. More recently, ACVR1 has been experimentally validated as a cancer driver gene in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), a malignant childhood brainstem glioma, and its function is being studied in other cancer types. Here, we review ACVR1 receptor function and signalling in physiological and pathological processes and its regulation according to cell type and mutational status. Learning from different functions and alterations linked to ACVR1 is a key step in the development of interdisciplinary research towards the identification of novel treatments for these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Valer
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Sánchez-de-Diego
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carolina Pimenta-Lopes
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jose Luis Rosa
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
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17
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Valer JA, Sánchez-de-Diego C, Gámez B, Mishina Y, Rosa JL, Ventura F. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase α (PI3Kα) prevents heterotopic ossification. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e10567. [PMID: 31373426 PMCID: PMC6728602 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201910567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is the pathological formation of ectopic endochondral bone within soft tissues. HO occurs following mechanical trauma, burns, or congenitally in patients suffering from fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP). FOP patients carry a conserved mutation in ACVR1 that becomes neomorphic for activin A responses. Here, we demonstrate the efficacy of BYL719, a PI3Kα inhibitor, in preventing HO in mice. We found that PI3Kα inhibitors reduce SMAD, AKT, and mTOR/S6K activities. Inhibition of PI3Kα also impairs skeletogenic responsiveness to BMPs and the acquired response to activin A of the Acvr1R206H allele. Further, the efficacy of PI3Kα inhibitors was evaluated in transgenic mice expressing Acvr1Q207D . Mice treated daily or intermittently with BYL719 did not show ectopic bone or cartilage formation. Furthermore, the intermittent treatment with BYL719 was not associated with any substantial side effects. Therefore, this work provides evidence supporting PI3Kα inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for HO.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Valer
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-de-Diego
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gámez
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - José Luis Rosa
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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18
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Hsu WB, Hsu WH, Hung JS, Shen WJ, Hsu RWW. Transcriptome analysis of osteoblasts in an ovariectomized mouse model in response to physical exercise. Bone Joint Res 2018; 7:601-608. [PMID: 30581558 PMCID: PMC6269594 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.711.bjr-2018-0075.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease resulting in progressive loss of bone mass as measured by bone mineral density (BMD). Physical exercise has a positive effect on increasing or maintaining BMD in postmenopausal women. The contribution of exercise to the regulation of osteogenesis in osteoblasts remains unclear. We therefore investigated the effect of exercise on osteoblasts in ovariectomized mice. Methods We compared the activity of differentially expressed genes of osteoblasts in ovariectomized mice that undertook exercise (OVX+T) with those that did not (OVX), using microarray and bioinformatics. Results Many inflammatory pathways were significantly downregulated in the osteoblasts after exercise. Meanwhile, IBSP and SLc13A5 gene expressions were upregulated in the OVX+T group. Furthermore, in in vitro assay, IBSP and SLc13A5 mRNAs were also upregulated during the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 and 7F2 cells. Conclusion These findings suggest that exercise may not only reduce the inflammatory environment in ovariectomized mice, indirectly suppressing the overactivated osteoclasts, but may also directly activate osteogenesis-related genes in osteoblasts. Exercise may thus prevent the bone loss caused by oestrogen deficiency through mediating the imbalance between the bone resorptive activity of osteoclasts and the bone formation activity of osteoblasts. Cite this article: W-B. Hsu, W-H. Hsu, J-S. Hung, W-J. Shen, R. W-W. Hsu. Transcriptome analysis of osteoblasts in an ovariectomized mouse model in response to physical exercise. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:601–608. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.711.BJR-2018-0075.R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-B Hsu
- Sports Medicine Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Pu-Tzi City, Taiwan
| | - W-H Hsu
- Sports Medicine Center and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Pu-Tzi City, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, Pu-Tzi City, Taiwan
| | - J-S Hung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Pu-Tzi City, Taiwan
| | - W-J Shen
- Po Cheng Orthopedic Institute, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - R W-W Hsu
- Sports Medicine Center and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Pu-Tzi City, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, Pu-Tzi City, Taiwan
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19
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Artigas N, Gámez B, Cubillos-Rojas M, Sánchez-de Diego C, Valer JA, Pons G, Rosa JL, Ventura F. p53 inhibits SP7/Osterix activity in the transcriptional program of osteoblast differentiation. Cell Death Differ 2017; 24:2022-2031. [PMID: 28777372 PMCID: PMC5686339 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoblast differentiation is achieved by activating a transcriptional network in which Dlx5, Runx2 and Osx/SP7 have fundamental roles. The tumour suppressor p53 exerts a repressive effect on bone development and remodelling through an unknown mechanism that inhibits the osteoblast differentiation programme. Here we report a physical and functional interaction between Osx and p53 gene products. Physical interaction was found between overexpressed proteins and involved a region adjacent to the OSX zinc fingers and the DNA-binding domain of p53. This interaction results in a p53-mediated repression of OSX transcriptional activity leading to a downregulation of the osteogenic programme. Moreover, we show that p53 is also able to repress key osteoblastic genes in Runx2-deficient osteoblasts. The ability of p53 to suppress osteogenesis is independent of its DNA recognition ability but requires a native conformation of p53, as a conformational missense mutant failed to inhibit OSX. Our data further demonstrates that p53 inhibits OSX binding to their responsive Sp1/GC-rich sites in the promoters of their osteogenic target genes, such as IBSP or COL1A1. Moreover, p53 interaction to OSX sequesters OSX from binding to DLX5. This competition blocks the ability of OSX to act as a cofactor of DLX5 to activate homeodomain-containing promoters. Altogether, our data support a model wherein p53 represses OSX-DNA binding and DLX5-OSX interaction, and thereby deregulates the osteogenic transcriptional network. This mechanism might have relevant roles in bone pathologies associated to osteosarcomas and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Artigas
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gámez
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Mónica Cubillos-Rojas
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-de Diego
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - José Antonio Valer
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Gabriel Pons
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - José Luis Rosa
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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20
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Aquino-Martínez R, Angelo AP, Pujol FV. Calcium-containing scaffolds induce bone regeneration by regulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and migration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:265. [PMID: 29145866 PMCID: PMC5689169 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoinduction and subsequent bone formation rely on efficient mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) recruitment. It is also known that migration is induced by gradients of growth factors and cytokines. Degradation of Ca2+-containing biomaterials mimics the bone remodeling compartment producing a localized calcium-rich osteoinductive microenvironment. The aim of our study was to determine the effect of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) on MSC migration. In addition, to evaluate the influence of CaSO4 on MSC differentiation and the potential molecular mechanisms involved. Methods A circular calvarial bone defect (5 mm diameter) was created in the parietal bone of 35 Balb-C mice. We prepared and implanted a cell-free agarose/gelatin scaffold alone or in combination with different CaSO4 concentrations into the bone defects. After 7 weeks, we determined the new bone regenerated by micro-CT and histological analysis. In vitro, we evaluated the CaSO4 effects on MSC migration by both wound healing and agarose spot assays. Osteoblastic gene expression after BMP-2 and CaSO4 treatment was also evaluated by qPCR. Results CaSO4 increased MSC migration and bone formation in a concentration-dependent manner. Micro-CT analysis showed that the addition of CaSO4 significantly enhanced bone regeneration compared to the scaffold alone. The histological evaluation confirmed an increased number of endogenous cells recruited into the cell-free CaSO4-containing scaffolds. Furthermore, MSC migration in vitro and active AKT levels were attenuated when CaSO4 and BMP-2 were in combination. Addition of LY294002 and Wortmannin abrogated the CaSO4 effects on MSC migration. Conclusions Specific CaSO4 concentrations induce bone regeneration of calvarial defects in part by acting on the host’s undifferentiated MSCs and promoting their migration. Progenitor cell recruitment is followed by a gradual increment in osteoblast gene expression. Moreover, CaSO4 regulates BMP-2-induced MSC migration by differentially activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. Altogether, these results suggest that CaSO4 scaffolds could have potential applications for bone regeneration. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0713-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Aquino-Martínez
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alcira P Angelo
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Ventura Pujol
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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21
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Aquino-Martínez R, Artigas N, Gámez B, Rosa JL, Ventura F. Extracellular calcium promotes bone formation from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by amplifying the effects of BMP-2 on SMAD signalling. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178158. [PMID: 28542453 PMCID: PMC5444778 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular events that regulate osteoblast differentiation is essential for the development of effective approaches to bone regeneration. In this study, we analysed the osteoinductive properties of extracellular calcium in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) differentiation. We cultured BM-MSCs in 3D gelatin scaffolds with Ca2+ and BMP-2 as osteoinductive agents. Early and late osteogenic gene expression and bone regeneration in a calvarial critical-size defect model demonstrate that extracellular Ca2+ enhances the effects of BMP-2 on Osteocalcin, Runx2 and Osterix expression and promotes bone regeneration in vivo. Moreover, we analysed the molecular mechanisms involved and observed an antagonistic effect between Ca2+ and BMP-2 on SMAD1/5, ERK and S6K signalling after 24 hours. More importantly, a cooperative effect between Ca2+ and BMP-2 on the phosphorylation of SMAD1/5, S6, GSK3 and total levels of β-CATENIN was observed at a later differentiation time (10 days). Furthermore, Ca2+ alone favoured the phosphorylation of SMAD1, which correlates with the induction of Bmp2 and Bmp4 gene expression. These data suggest that Ca2+ and BMP-2 cooperate and promote an autocrine/paracrine osteogenic feed-forward loop. On the whole, these results demonstrate the usefulness of calcium-based bone grafts or the addition of exogenous Ca2+ in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Aquino-Martínez
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Natalia Artigas
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gámez
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - José Luis Rosa
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Francesc Ventura
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Universitat de Barcelona, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- * E-mail:
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22
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Jin YQ, Li JL, Chen JD, Xu CL, Li H. Dalbergioidin (DAL) protects MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells against H 2O 2-induced cell damage through activation of the PI3K/AKT/SMAD1 pathway. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2017; 390:711-720. [PMID: 28374099 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-017-1365-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a pivotal pathogenic factor in the development of osteoporosis. Dalbergioidin (DAL) can be isolated from Uraria crinite, an edible herb used as a natural food for childhood skeletal dysplasia. Recent research has implicated DAL as having an antiosteoporosis effect, although the mechanism of this is unclear. We used an effective oxidative stress model, induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, to investigate the protective effects of DAL in osteoporosis and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results indicated that treatment with DAL maintained redox balance, reduced MC3T3-E1 cell apoptosis, improved alkaline phosphatase activity, and elevated the osteogenic-related protein expression of Runx2, Osterix, and BMP2 against oxidative damage induced by H2O2. The potential molecular mechanism involved in the protective effect of DAL against H2O2-induced cell death in MC3T3-E1 cells may lie in the activation of the PI3K/AKT/SMAD1 cell signal pathway. Taken together, the results indicated that the potential protective effects of DAL against osteoporosis were linked to a reduction in oxidative damage, suggesting that DAL may be useful in bone metabolism diseases, particularly osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qin Jin
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.,Center Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Ling Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jin-Dong Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chang-Liang Xu
- Key Laboratory of SATCM for Empirical Formulae Evaluation and Achievements Transformation, The No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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23
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Gu Q, Gu Y, Shi Q, Yang H. Hypoxia Promotes Osteogenesis of Human Placental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2017; 239:287-96. [PMID: 27477937 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.239.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Placental-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) are promising candidates for regenerative medicine because they possess high proliferative capacity and multi-differentiation potential. Human pMSCs are residing in an environment with low oxygen tension in the body. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is known to participate in the regulation of MSC differentiation. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of hypoxia on the osteogenic differentiation of human pMSCs, and to elucidate the role of HO-1 in the osteogenic differentiation of hypoxic pMSCs. Human pMSCs were cultured under normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (5% O2) for 3 days. We found that hypoxia maintained the morphology and immunophenotype of human pMSCs. The expression of stemness markers Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2 was increased under hypoxia. After a 5-day hypoxic culture, the proliferation ability of pMSCs was increased, which might be correlated with the increased expression of stem cell factor. During osteogenic induction, hypoxia increased the expression of osteogenic genes including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Moreover, hypoxia increased the mineralization and ALP levels of human pMSCs as evidenced by Alizarin Red staining and ALP staining. Upregulation of HO-1 by cobalt-protoporphyrin treatment increased the osteogenic differentiation of pMSCs under hypoxia, while inhibition of HO-1 by Zn-protoporphyrin reduced the osteogenic differentiation of hypoxic pMSCs. Taken together, our data suggest that hypoxia can promote the osteogenic differentiation of human pMSCs. Upregulation of HO-1 can further increase the osteogenesis of human pMSCs under hypoxia. Our findings will highlight the therapeutic potential of MSCs in the tissue engineering of bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
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