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Grigoryan S, Clines GA. Hormonal Control of Bone Architecture Throughout the Lifespan: Implications for Fracture Prediction and Prevention. Endocr Pract 2024; 30:687-694. [PMID: 38631489 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal modeling in childhood and adolescence and continuous remodeling throughout the lifespan are designed to adapt to a changing environment and resist external forces and fractures. The flux of sex steroids in men and women, beginning from fetal development and evolving through infancy, childhood, puberty, young adulthood, peri/menopause transition, and postmenopause, is critical for bone size, peak bone mass, and fracture resistance. OBJECTIVE This review will highlight how changes in sex steroids throughout the lifespan affect bone cells and the consequence of these changes on bone architecture and strength. METHODS Literature review and discussion. RESULTS The contributions of estrogen and testosterone on skeletal development have been difficult to study due to the reciprocal and intertwining contributions of one on the other. Although orchiectomy in men renders circulating testosterone absent, circulating estrogen also declines due to testosterone being the substrate for estradiol. The discovery of men with absent estradiol or resistance to estrogen and the study of mouse models led to the understanding that estrogen has a larger direct role in skeletal development and maintenance in men and women. The mechanistic reason for larger bone size in men is incompletely understood but related to indirect effects of testosterone on the skeleton, such as higher muscle mass leading to larger mechanical loading. Declines in sex steroids during menopause in women and androgen deprivation therapies in men have profound and negative effects on the skeleton. Therapies to prevent such bone loss are available, but how such therapies can be tailored based on bone size and architecture remains an area of investigation. CONCLUSION In this review, the elegant interplay and contribution of sex steroids on bone architecture in men and women throughout the lifespan is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Grigoryan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Gregory A Clines
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Endocrinology Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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2
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Devine CC, Brown KC, Paton KO, Heveran CM, Martin SA. Rapamycin does not alter bone microarchitecture or material properties quality in young-adult and aged female C57BL/6 mice. JBMR Plus 2024; 8:ziae001. [PMID: 38505525 PMCID: PMC10945714 DOI: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Advancing age is the strongest risk factor for osteoporosis and skeletal fragility. Rapamycin is an FDA-approved immunosuppressant that inhibits the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex, extends lifespan, and protects against aging-related diseases in multiple species; however, the impact of rapamycin on skeletal tissue is incompletely understood. We evaluated the effects of a short-term, low-dosage, interval rapamycin treatment on bone microarchitecture and strength in young-adult (3 mo old) and aged female (20 mo old) C57BL/6 mice. Rapamycin (2 mg/kg body mass) was administered via intraperitoneal injection 1×/5 d for a duration of 8 wk; this treatment regimen has been shown to induce geroprotective effects while minimizing the side effects associated with higher rapamycin dosages and/or more frequent or prolonged delivery schedules. Aged femurs exhibited lower cancellous bone mineral density, volume, trabecular connectivity density and number, higher trabecular thickness and spacing, and lower cortical thickness compared to young-adult mice. Rapamycin had no impact on assessed microCT parameters. Flexural testing of the femur revealed that both yield strength and ultimate strength were lower in aged mice compared to young-adult mice. There were no effects of rapamycin on these or other measures of bone biomechanics. Age, but not rapamycin, altered local and global measures of bone turnover. These data demonstrate that short-term, low-dosage interval rapamycin treatment does not negatively or positively impact the skeleton of young-adult and aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor C Devine
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, United States
| | - Kenna C Brown
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, United States
| | - Kat O Paton
- Translational Biomarkers Core Laboratory, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, United States
- Biology of Aging Laboratory, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, United States
| | - Chelsea M Heveran
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, United States
| | - Stephen A Martin
- Translational Biomarkers Core Laboratory, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, United States
- Biology of Aging Laboratory, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, United States
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3
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Moringa oleifera leaf attenuate osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats by modulating gut microbiota composition and MAPK signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114434. [PMID: 36841025 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera leaf (MLP) contains abundant complex nutrients with anti-osteoporosis potential. However, its efficacy and mechanisms against osteoporosis remain unknown. The purpose of this research is to investigate MLP's anti-osteoporotic effects and mechanisms. Animal experiments were used in this work to validate MLP's anti-osteoporotic efficacy. We investigated the mode of action of MLP, analyzed its impact on the gut microbiota, and predicted and validated its anti-osteoporosis-related molecular targets and pathways through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and western blotting. In an ovariectomized osteoporosis rat model, MLP significantly increased bone mineral density and improved bone metabolism-related indicators, bone microstructure, and lipid profile. Moreover, it improved gut microbiota composition and increased the expression of Occludin and Claudin-1 protein in the duodenum. Network pharmacology identified a total of 97 active ingredients and 478 core anti-osteoporosis targets. Of these, MAPK1 (also known as ERK2), MAPK3 (also known as ERK1), and MAPK8 (also known as JNK) were successfully docked with the active constituents of MLP. Interestingly, MLP increased ERK and VAV3 protein expression and decreased p-ERK and JNK protein expression in the femur. These findings confirm MLP's anti-osteoporotic efficacy, which could be mediated via regulation of gut microbiota and MAPK signaling.
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Martin SA, Riordan RT, Wang R, Yu Z, Aguirre-Burk AM, Wong CP, Olson DA, Branscum AJ, Turner RT, Iwaniec UT, Perez VI. Rapamycin impairs bone accrual in young adult mice independent of Nrf2. Exp Gerontol 2021; 154:111516. [PMID: 34389472 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Advanced age is the strongest risk factor for osteoporosis. The immunomodulator drug rapamycin extends lifespan in numerous experimental model organisms and is being investigated as a potential therapeutic to slow human aging, but little is known about the effects of rapamycin on bone. We evaluated the impact of rapamycin treatment on bone mass, architecture, and indices of bone turnover in healthy adult (16-20 weeks old at treatment initiation) female wild-type (ICR) and Nrf2-/- mice, a mouse model of oxidative damage and aging-related disease vulnerability. Rapamycin (4 mg/kg bodyweight) was administered by intraperitoneal injection every other day for 12 weeks. Mice treated with rapamycin exhibited lower femur bone mineral content, bone mineral density, and bone volume compared to vehicle-treated mice. In midshaft femur diaphysis (cortical bone), rapamycin-treated mice had lower cortical volume and thickness, and in the distal femur metaphysis (cancellous bone), rapamycin-treated mice had higher trabecular spacing and lower connectivity density. Mice treated with rapamycin exhibited lower bone volume, bone volume fraction, and trabecular thickness in the 5th lumbar vertebra. Rapamycin-treated mice had lower levels of bone formation in the distal femur metaphysis compared to vehicle-treated mice which occurred co-incidentally with increased serum CTX-1, a marker of global bone resorption. Rapamycin had no impact on tibia inflammatory cytokine gene expression, and we found no independent effects of Nrf2 knockout on bone, nor did we find any interactions between genotype and treatment. These data show that rapamycin may have a negative impact on the skeleton of adult mice that should not be overlooked in the clinical context of its usage as a therapy to retard aging and reduce the incidence of age-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Martin
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Biology of Aging Laboratory, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA.
| | - Ruben T Riordan
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Rong Wang
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Zhen Yu
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Allan M Aguirre-Burk
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Carmen P Wong
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Dawn A Olson
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Adam J Branscum
- Biostatistics Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Russell T Turner
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Urszula T Iwaniec
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Viviana I Perez
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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5
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Homer-Bouthiette C, Xiao L, Hurley MM. Gait disturbances and muscle dysfunction in fibroblast growth factor 2 knockout mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11005. [PMID: 34040128 PMCID: PMC8154953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90565-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is important in musculoskeletal homeostasis, therefore the impact of reduction or Fgf2 knockout on skeletal muscle function and phenotype was determined. Gait analysis as well as muscle strength testing in young and old WT and Fgf2KO demonstrated age-related gait disturbances and reduction in muscle strength that were exacerbated in the KO condition. Fgf2 mRNA and protein were significantly decreased in skeletal muscle of old WT compared with young WT. Muscle fiber cross-sectional area was significantly reduced with increased fibrosis and inflammatory infiltrates in old WT and Fgf2KO vs. young WT. Inflammatory cells were further significantly increased in old Fgf2KO compared with old WT. Lipid-related genes and intramuscular fat was increased in old WT and old Fgf2KO with a further increase in fibro-adipocytes in old Fgf2KO compared with old WT. Impaired FGF signaling including Increased β-Klotho, Fgf21 mRNA, FGF21 protein, phosphorylated FGF receptors 1 and 3, was observed in old WT and old Fgf2KO. MAPK/ ERK1/2 was significantly increased in young and old Fgf2KO. We conclude that Fgf2KO, age-related decreased FGF2 in WT mice, and increased FGF21 in the setting of impaired Fgf2 expression likely contribute to impaired skeletal muscle function and sarcopenia in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Homer-Bouthiette
- Yale Internal Medicine Residency Program, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - L Xiao
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Marja M Hurley
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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Li J, Karim MA, Che H, Geng Q, Miao D. Deletion of p16 prevents estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis by inhibiting oxidative stress and osteocyte senescence. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:672-683. [PMID: 32194914 PMCID: PMC7061825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To investigate whether p16 deletion can prevent osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency, we first confirmed that p16 protein expression levels were significantly up-regulated in bony tissue of ovariectomized (OVX) wild-type mice. Eight-week-old wild-type and p16-/- mice were then sham-operated or bilateral OVX. After 12 weeks, the bone phenotypes of all models were analyzed by radiography, micro-computed tomography, histology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular biology. The results showed that p16 deficiency could rescue OVX-induced osteoporosis by significantly increased bone mineral density, trabecular bone volume, total collagen positive area, osteoblast number, type I collagen positive area, fibroblast colony-forming unit (CFU-f) and alkaline phosphatase-positive CFU-f with up-regulation of the mRNA expression levels of Alp, Runx2, type I collagen and osteocalcin, and significantly reduced osteoclast surface and the ratio of RANKL/OPG mRNA expression level. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that p16 deletion inhibited OVX-induced oxidative stress and bone cell senescence, such as a significant decrease in reactive oxygen species levels, up-regulation of superoxide dismutase 1 and 2 protein expression levels, and reduction of the percentage of β-galactosidase-positive osteocytes and p21 protein expression levels in bony tissue. Our results indicate that p16 deletion can prevent estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis by inhibiting oxidative stress, osteocyte senescence and osteoclastic bone resorption, stimulating osteogenesis and osteoblastic bone formation. Therefore, this study provides new insights into the potential of p16 as a novel therapeutic target for estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical UniversityXuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Muhammad Amin Karim
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Che
- University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-UniversityFreiburg, Germany
| | - Qinghe Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Pizhou Hospital, Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dengshun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
- The Research Center for Aging, Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Greene RA, Zullo AR, Mailloux CM, Berard-Collins C, Levy MM, Amass T. Effect of Best Practice Advisories on Sedation Protocol Compliance and Drug-Related Hazardous Condition Mitigation Among Critical Care Patients. Crit Care Med 2020; 48:185-191. [PMID: 31939786 PMCID: PMC8840326 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000004116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether best practice advisories improved sedation protocol compliance and could mitigate potential propofol-related hazardous conditions. DESIGN Retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING Two adult ICUs at two academic medical centers that share the same sedation protocol. PATIENTS Adults 18 years old or older admitted to the ICU between January 1, 2016, and January 31, 2018, who received a continuous infusion of propofol. INTERVENTIONS Two concurrent best practice advisories built in the electronic health record as a clinical decision support tool to enforce protocol compliance with triglyceride and lipase level monitoring and mitigate propofol-related hazardous conditions. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The primary outcomes were baseline and day 3 compliance with triglyceride and lipase laboratory monitoring per protocol and time to discontinuation of propofol in the setting of triglyceride and/or lipase levels exceeding protocol cutoffs. A total of 1,394 patients were included in the study cohort (n = 700 in the pre-best practice advisory group; n = 694 in the post-best practice advisory group). In inverse probability weighted regression analyses, implementing the best practice advisory was associated with a 56.6% (95% CI, 52.6-60.9) absolute increase and a 173% relative increase (risk ratio, 2.73; 95% CI, 2.45-3.04) in baseline laboratory monitoring. The best practice advisory was associated with a 34.0% (95% CI, 20.9-47.1) absolute increase and a 74% (95% CI, 1.39-2.19) relative increase in day 3 laboratory monitoring after inverse probability weighted analyses. Among patients with laboratory values exceeding protocol cutoffs, implementation of the best practice advisory resulted in providers discontinuing propofol an average of 16.6 hours (95% CI, 4.8-28.3) sooner than pre-best practice advisory. Findings from alternate analyses using interrupted time series were consistent with the inverse probability weighted analyses. CONCLUSIONS Best practice advisories can be effectively used in ICUs to improve sedation protocol compliance and may mitigate potential propofol-related hazardous conditions. Best practice advisories should undergo continuous quality assurance and optimizations to maximize clinical utility and minimize alert fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Greene
- Department of Pharmacy, Lifespan-Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Andrew R Zullo
- Department of Pharmacy, Lifespan-Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI
- Center of Innovation in Long-Term Services and Supports, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI
| | - Craig M Mailloux
- Operational Excellence, Lifespan Corporate Services, Providence, RI
| | | | - Mitchell M Levy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Timothy Amass
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
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8
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Berry SD, Zullo AR, Lee Y, Mor V, McConeghy KW, Banerjee G, D'Agostino RB, Daiello L, Dosa D, Kiel DP. Fracture Risk Assessment in Long-term Care (FRAiL): Development and Validation of a Prediction Model. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:763-769. [PMID: 28958013 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Strategies used to predict fracture in community-dwellers may not be useful in the nursing home (NH). Our objective was to develop and validate a model (Fracture Risk Assessment in Long-term Care [FRAiL]) to predict the 2-year risk of hip fracture in NH residents using readily available clinical characteristics. Methods The derivation cohort consisted of 419,668 residents between May 1, 2007 and April 30, 2008 in fee-for service Medicare. Hip fractures were identified using Part A diagnostic codes. Resident characteristics were obtained using the Minimum Data Set and Part D claims. Multivariable competing risk regression was used to model 2-year risk of hip fracture. We validated the model in a remaining 1/3 sample (n = 209,834) and in a separate cohort in 2011 (n = 858,636). Results Mean age was 84 years (range 65-113 years) and 74.5% were female. During 1.8 years mean follow-up, 14,553 residents (3.5%) experienced a hip fracture. Fifteen characteristics in the final model were associated with an increased risk of hip fracture including dementia severity, ability to transfer and walk independently, prior falls, wandering, and diabetes. In the derivation sample, the concordance index was 0.69 in men and 0.71 in women. Calibration was excellent. Results were similar in the internal and external validation samples. Conclusions The FRAiL model was developed specifically to identify NH residents at greatest risk for hip fracture, and it identifies a different pattern of risk factors compared with community models. This practical model could be used to screen NH residents for fracture risk and to target intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah D Berry
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Hebrew SeniorLife, Institute for Aging Research, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew R Zullo
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Yoojin Lee
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Vincent Mor
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Kevin W McConeghy
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Geetanjoli Banerjee
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Ralph B D'Agostino
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Massachusetts
| | - Lori Daiello
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - David Dosa
- Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Hebrew SeniorLife, Institute for Aging Research, Boston, Massachusetts
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9
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Wang Y, Mehrabi S, Sohn S, Atkinson EJ, Amin S, Liu H. Natural language processing of radiology reports for identification of skeletal site-specific fractures. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2019; 19:73. [PMID: 30943952 PMCID: PMC6448178 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-019-0780-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis has become an important public health issue. Most of the population, particularly elderly people, are at some degree of risk of osteoporosis-related fractures. Accurate identification and surveillance of patient populations with fractures has a significant impact on reduction of cost of care by preventing future fractures and its corresponding complications. Methods In this study, we developed a rule-based natural language processing (NLP) algorithm for identification of twenty skeletal site-specific fractures from radiology reports. The rule-based NLP algorithm was based on regular expressions developed using MedTagger, an NLP tool of the Apache Unstructured Information Management Architecture (UIMA) pipeline to facilitate information extraction from clinical narratives. Radiology notes were retrieved from the Mayo Clinic electronic health records data warehouse. We developed rules for identifying each fracture type according to physicians’ knowledge and experience, and refined these rules via verification with physicians. This study was approved by the institutional review board (IRB) for human subject research. Results We validated the NLP algorithm using the radiology reports of a community-based cohort at Mayo Clinic with the gold standard constructed by medical experts. The micro-averaged results of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and F1-score of the proposed NLP algorithm are 0.930, 1.0, 1.0, 0.941, 0.961, respectively. The F1-score is 1.0 for 8 fractures, and above 0.9 for a total of 17 out of 20 fractures (85%). Conclusions The results verified the effectiveness of the proposed rule-based NLP algorithm in automatic identification of osteoporosis-related skeletal site-specific fractures from radiology reports. The NLP algorithm could be utilized to accurately identify the patients with fractures and those who are also at high risk of future fractures due to osteoporosis. Appropriate care interventions to those patients, not only the most at-risk patients but also those with emerging risk, would significantly reduce future fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshan Wang
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st ST SW, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Saeed Mehrabi
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st ST SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sunghwan Sohn
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st ST SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Atkinson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st ST SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shreyasee Amin
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st ST SW, MN, Rochester, USA.,Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st ST SW, MN, Rochester, USA
| | - Hongfang Liu
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st ST SW, Rochester, MN, USA
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10
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Geng Q, Gao H, Yang R, Guo K, Miao D. Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Prevents Estrogen Deficiency-Induced Osteoporosis by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Osteocyte Senescence. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:58-68. [PMID: 30662347 PMCID: PMC6329928 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.25783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating studies have shown that oxidative stress increases with aging, which is related to the pathophysiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a natural anti-oxidant with anti-oxidative and anti-aging effects. However, it is unclear whether PQQ has a protective role against estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of PQQ on bone mineral density, bone microarchitecture, bone turnover and biomechanical strength in ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis mouse model. Although dietary PQQ supplement did not affect serum E2 levels and uterine weight in OVX mice, it could prevent OVX-induced bone loss and improve bone strength by inhibiting oxidative stress, osteocyte senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), subsequently promoting osteoblastic bone formation and inhibiting osteoclastic bone resorption, which was comparable to treatment with exogenous estrogen. The results from our study provide experimental evidence for the clinical use of PQQ to prevent estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghe Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renlei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaijin Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dengshun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Kalyanaraman H, Ramdani G, Joshua J, Schall N, Boss GR, Cory E, Sah RL, Casteel DE, Pilz RB. A Novel, Direct NO Donor Regulates Osteoblast and Osteoclast Functions and Increases Bone Mass in Ovariectomized Mice. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:46-59. [PMID: 27391172 PMCID: PMC5199609 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Most US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatments for osteoporosis target osteoclastic bone resorption. Only PTH derivatives improve bone formation, but they have drawbacks, and novel bone-anabolic agents are needed. Nitrates, which generate NO, improved BMD in estrogen-deficient rats and may improve bone formation markers and BMD in postmenopausal women. However, nitrates are limited by induction of oxidative stress and development of tolerance, and may increase cardiovascular mortality after long-term use. Here we studied nitrosyl-cobinamide (NO-Cbi), a novel, direct NO-releasing agent, in a mouse model of estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis. In murine primary osteoblasts, NO-Cbi increased intracellular cGMP, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, proliferation, and osteoblastic gene expression, and protected cells from apoptosis. Correspondingly, in intact and ovariectomized (OVX) female C57Bl/6 mice, NO-Cbi increased serum cGMP concentrations, bone formation, and osteoblastic gene expression, and in OVX mice, it prevented osteocyte apoptosis. NO-Cbi reduced osteoclasts in intact mice and prevented the known increase in osteoclasts in OVX mice, partially through a reduction in the RANKL/osteoprotegerin gene expression ratio, which regulates osteoclast differentiation, and partially through direct inhibition of osteoclast differentiation, observed in vitro in the presence of excess RANKL. The positive NO effects in osteoblasts were mediated by cGMP/protein kinase G (PKG), but some of the osteoclast-inhibitory effects appeared to be cGMP-independent. NO-Cbi increased trabecular bone mass in both intact and OVX mice, consistent with its in vitro effects on osteoblasts and osteoclasts. NO-Cbi is a novel direct NO-releasing agent that, in contrast to nitrates, does not generate oxygen radicals, and combines anabolic and antiresorptive effects in bone, making it an excellent candidate for treating osteoporosis. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hema Kalyanaraman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0652
| | - Ghania Ramdani
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0652
| | - Jisha Joshua
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0652
| | - Nadine Schall
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Bonn, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gerry R. Boss
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0652
| | - Esther Cory
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0652
| | - Robert L. Sah
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0652
| | - Darren E. Casteel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0652
| | - Renate B. Pilz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0652
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Massicotte VS, Frara N, Harris MY, Amin M, Wade CK, Popoff SN, Barbe MF. Prolonged performance of a high repetition low force task induces bone adaptation in young adult rats, but loss in mature rats. Exp Gerontol 2015; 72:204-17. [PMID: 26517953 PMCID: PMC4655973 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We have shown that prolonged repetitive reaching and grasping tasks lead to exposure-dependent changes in bone microarchitecture and inflammatory cytokines in young adult rats. Since aging mammals show increased tissue inflammatory cytokines, we sought here to determine if aging, combined with prolonged performance of a repetitive upper extremity task, enhances bone loss. We examined the radius, forearm flexor muscles, and serum from 16 mature (14-18 months of age) and 14 young adult (2.5-6.5 months of age) female rats after performance of a high repetition low force (HRLF) reaching and grasping task for 12 weeks. Young adult HRLF rats showed enhanced radial bone growth (e.g., increased trabecular bone volume, osteoblast numbers, bone formation rate, and mid-diaphyseal periosteal perimeter), compared to age-matched controls. Mature HRLF rats showed several indices of radial bone loss (e.g., decreased trabecular bone volume, and increased cortical bone thinning, porosity, resorptive spaces and woven bone formation), increased osteoclast numbers and inflammatory cytokines, compared to age-matched controls and young adult HRLF rats. Mature rats weighed more yet had lower maximum reflexive grip strength, than young adult rats, although each age group was able to pull at the required reach rate (4 reaches/min) and required submaximal pulling force (30 force-grams) for a food reward. Serum estrogen levels and flexor digitorum muscle size were similar in each age group. Thus, mature rats had increased bone degradative changes than in young adult rats performing the same repetitive task for 12 weeks, with increased inflammatory cytokine responses and osteoclast activity as possible causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky S Massicotte
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 North Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Nagat Frara
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 North Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Michele Y Harris
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 North Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Mamta Amin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 North Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Christine K Wade
- Department of Physical Therapy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Steven N Popoff
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 North Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Mary F Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, 3500 North Broad St., Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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Greenspan SL, Perera S, Ferchak MA, Nace DA, Resnick NM. Efficacy and safety of single-dose zoledronic acid for osteoporosis in frail elderly women: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med 2015; 175:913-21. [PMID: 25867538 PMCID: PMC4843134 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.0747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Eighty-five percent of institutionalized elderly people have osteoporosis and bone fracture rates 8 to 9 times higher than rates observed among community-dwelling elderly people. Nevertheless, most of these persons are left untreated and are excluded from pivotal osteoporosis trials. OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy and safety of zoledronic acid to treat osteoporosis in frail elderly women in long-term care facilities. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted a 2-year, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study from December 2007 through March 2012. Included were 181 women 65 or older with osteoporosis, including those with cognitive impairment, immobility, and multimorbidity, who were living in nursing homes and assisted-living facilities. INTERVENTIONS One 5-mg dose of zoledronic acid or placebo intravenously and daily calcium and vitamin D supplementation. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Hip and spine bone mineral density (BMD) at 12 and 24 months and adverse events. RESULTS There were no baseline differences in mean (SE) age (85.4 [0.6] years), BMD, or functional or cognitive status, but the treatment group included more participants with frailty, falls history, diabetes, and anticonvulsant medication use. Values for BMD were available for 87% of participants at 12 months and 73% at 24 months. Mean (SE) BMD changes were greater in the treatment group: 3.2 (0.7) and 3.9 (0.7) percentage-point differences in the total hip at 12 and 24 months, respectively (P < .01 for both comparisons), and 1.8 (0.7) and 3.6 (0.7) percentage-point differences at the spine (P < .01); adjusted analyses were similar. The treatment and placebo groups' fracture rates were 20% and 16%, respectively (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.61-2.78); mortality rates were 16% and 13% (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.54-2.86). Groups did not differ in the proportion of single fallers (28% vs 24%; OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.64-2.42; P = .52), but more participants in the treatment group had multiple falls (49% vs 35%; OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.01-3.33; P = .047); however, this difference was no longer significant when adjusted for baseline frailty. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this group of frail elderly women with osteoporosis, 1 dose of zoledronic acid improved BMD over 2 years. The clinical importance of nonsignificant increases in fracture and mortality rates in the treatment group needs further study. Since it is not known whether such therapy reduces the risk of fracture in this cohort, any change in nursing home practice must await results of larger trials powered to assess fracture rates. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00558012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L Greenspan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania2Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Subashan Perera
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania3Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary Anne Ferchak
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - David A Nace
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Neil M Resnick
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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The Influence of Organized Physical Activity (Including Gymnastics) on Young Adult Skeletal Traits: Is Maturity Phase Important? Pediatr Exerc Sci 2015; 27:285-96. [PMID: 25386845 PMCID: PMC4428999 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2014-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We prospectively evaluated adolescent organized physical activity (PA) as a factor in adult female bone traits. Annual DXA scans accompanied semiannual records of anthropometry, maturity, and PA for 42 participants in this preliminary analysis (criteria: appropriately timed DXA scans at ~1 year premenarche [predictor] and ~5 years postmenarche [dependent variable]). Regression analysis evaluated total adolescent interscan PA and PA over 3 maturity subphases as predictors of young adult bone outcomes: 1) bone mineral content (BMC), geometry, and strength indices at nondominant distal radius and femoral neck; 2) subhead BMC; 3) lumbar spine BMC. Analyses accounted for baseline gynecological age (years pre- or postmenarche), baseline bone status, adult body size and interscan body size change. Gymnastics training was evaluated as a potentially independent predictor, but did not improve models for any outcomes (p > .07). Premenarcheal bone traits were strong predictors of most adult outcomes (semipartial r2 = .21-0.59, p ≤ .001). Adult 1/3 radius and subhead BMC were predicted by both total PA and PA 1-3 years postmenarche (p < .03). PA 3-5 years postmenarche predicted femoral narrow neck width, endosteal diameter, and buckling ratio (p < .05). Thus, participation in organized physical activity programs throughout middle and high school may reduce lifetime fracture risk in females.
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Saidak Z, Le Henaff C, Azzi S, Marty C, Da Nascimento S, Sonnet P, Marie PJ. Wnt/β-catenin signaling mediates osteoblast differentiation triggered by peptide-induced α5β1 integrin priming in mesenchymal skeletal cells. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:6903-12. [PMID: 25631051 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.621219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The α5β1 integrin is a key fibronectin (FN) receptor that binds to RGD-containing peptides to mediate cell adhesion. We previously reported that α5β1 integrin promotes osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal skeletal cells (MSCs), but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we determined the signaling mechanisms induced by α5β1 integrin interaction with its high-affinity ligand CRRETAWAC in murine and human MSCs and in vivo. We show that cyclized CRRETAWAC fully displaced MSC adhesion to FN, whereas related peptides lacking the full RRET sequence produced a partial displacement, indicating that RRET acts as an RGD-like sequence that is required to antagonize FN-mediated cell adhesion. However, all peptides increased focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation, OSE2 transcriptional activity, osteoblast gene expression, and matrix mineralization in MSCs, indicating that peptide-induced α5β1 integrin priming can promote osteogenic differentiation independently of the RRET sequence. Biochemical analyses showed that peptide-induced α5β1 integrin priming transiently increased PI3K/Akt phosphorylation and promoted Wnt/β-catenin transcriptional activity independently of RRET. Consistently, pharmacological inhibition of PI3K activity reduced osteoblast differentiation and abolished Wnt regulatory gene expression induced by α5β1 integrin priming. In vivo, systemic delivery of cyclized GACRETAWACGA linked to (DSS)6 to allow delivery to bone-forming sites for 6 weeks increased serum osteocalcin levels and improved long bone mass and microarchitecture in SAMP-6 senescent osteopenic mice. The results support a mechanism whereby α5β1 integrin priming by high-affinity ligands integrates Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote osteoblast differentiation independently of cell adhesion, which could be used to improve bone mass and microarchitecture in the aging skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Saidak
- From UMR-1132 INSERM, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France, the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France, and
| | - Carole Le Henaff
- From UMR-1132 INSERM, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France, the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France, and
| | - Sofia Azzi
- From UMR-1132 INSERM, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France, the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France, and
| | - Caroline Marty
- From UMR-1132 INSERM, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France, the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France, and
| | - Sophie Da Nascimento
- the Equipe Théra, Laboratoire de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens, et des Agroressources (LG2A)-FRE-CNRS 3517, UFR de Pharmacie, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80037 Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Pascal Sonnet
- the Equipe Théra, Laboratoire de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens, et des Agroressources (LG2A)-FRE-CNRS 3517, UFR de Pharmacie, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80037 Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Pierre J Marie
- From UMR-1132 INSERM, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France, the Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France, and
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16
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Pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-09138-1.00199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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17
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Vanderschueren D, Laurent MR, Claessens F, Gielen E, Lagerquist MK, Vandenput L, Börjesson AE, Ohlsson C. Sex steroid actions in male bone. Endocr Rev 2014; 35:906-60. [PMID: 25202834 PMCID: PMC4234776 DOI: 10.1210/er.2014-1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sex steroids are chief regulators of gender differences in the skeleton, and male gender is one of the strongest protective factors against osteoporotic fractures. This advantage in bone strength relies mainly on greater cortical bone expansion during pubertal peak bone mass acquisition and superior skeletal maintenance during aging. During both these phases, estrogens acting via estrogen receptor-α in osteoblast lineage cells are crucial for male cortical and trabecular bone, as evident from conditional genetic mouse models, epidemiological studies, rare genetic conditions, genome-wide meta-analyses, and recent interventional trials. Genetic mouse models have also demonstrated a direct role for androgens independent of aromatization on trabecular bone via the androgen receptor in osteoblasts and osteocytes, although the target cell for their key effects on periosteal bone formation remains elusive. Low serum estradiol predicts incident fractures, but the highest risk occurs in men with additionally low T and high SHBG. Still, the possible clinical utility of serum sex steroids for fracture prediction is unknown. It is likely that sex steroid actions on male bone metabolism rely also on extraskeletal mechanisms and cross talk with other signaling pathways. We propose that estrogens influence fracture risk in aging men via direct effects on bone, whereas androgens exert an additional antifracture effect mainly via extraskeletal parameters such as muscle mass and propensity to fall. Given the demographic trends of increased longevity and consequent rise of osteoporosis, an increased understanding of how sex steroids influence male bone health remains a high research priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Vanderschueren
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology (D.V.) and Gerontology and Geriatrics (M.R.L., E.G.), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (M.R.L., F.C.); and Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases (D.V., M.R.L., E.G.), KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; and Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (M.K.L., L.V., A.E.B., C.O.), Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
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18
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Saidak Z, Le Henaff C, Azzi S, Marty C, Marie PJ. Low-dose PTH increases osteoblast activity via decreased Mef2c/Sost in senescent osteopenic mice. J Endocrinol 2014; 223:25-33. [PMID: 25056116 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) 1-34 at a standard dose has been shown to induce anabolic effects in bone. However, whether low-dose PTH promotes bone formation during senescence is unknown. To address this issue, we determined the effects of low-dose PTH and analysed the underlying mechanisms in prematurely senescent mice that display osteopenia. Treatment of 9-week-old Samp6 mice for 6 weeks with PTH at a standard dose (100 μg/kg per day) increased vertebral and femoral bone mass and improved bone microarchitecture as a result of increased bone-forming surfaces and mineral apposition rate (MAR). At a tenfold lower dose (10 μg/kg per day), PTH increased axial bone volume and trabecular thickness, as detected by bone histomorphometry but not by micro-computed tomography analysis. This anabolic effect resulted from increased osteoblast activity, as reflected by increased serum N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP) levels and MAR, with unchanged bone-forming surface or osteoblast surface. Mechanistically, low-dose PTH increased the expression of osteoblast markers in bone marrow stromal cells and mature osteoblasts, which was associated with increased expression of the Wnt effector Wisp1. Moreover, low-dose PTH decreased the expression of the Mef2c transcription factor, resulting in decreased Sost expression in osteoblasts/osteocytes. These results indicate that PTH at a low dose is effective at promoting bone formation and increased bone volume in senescent osteopenic mice through increased osteoblast activity and modulation of specific Wnt effectors, which raises the potential therapeutic use of intermittent PTH at low dose to increase bone forming activity and bone mass in skeletal senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Saidak
- UMR-1132 InsermHôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, FranceUniversité Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France UMR-1132 InsermHôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, FranceUniversité Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Carole Le Henaff
- UMR-1132 InsermHôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, FranceUniversité Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France UMR-1132 InsermHôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, FranceUniversité Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sofia Azzi
- UMR-1132 InsermHôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, FranceUniversité Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France UMR-1132 InsermHôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, FranceUniversité Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Marty
- UMR-1132 InsermHôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, FranceUniversité Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France UMR-1132 InsermHôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, FranceUniversité Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre J Marie
- UMR-1132 InsermHôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, FranceUniversité Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France UMR-1132 InsermHôpital Lariboisière, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, FranceUniversité Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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19
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Marie PJ. Bone cell senescence: mechanisms and perspectives. J Bone Miner Res 2014; 29:1311-21. [PMID: 24496911 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Age-related bone loss is in large part the consequence of senescence mechanisms that impact bone cell number and function. In recent years, progress has been made in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying bone cell senescence that contributes to the alteration of skeletal integrity during aging. These mechanisms can be classified as intrinsic senescence processes, alterations in endogenous anabolic factors, and changes in local support. Intrinsic senescence mechanisms cause cellular dysfunctions that are not tissue specific and include telomere shortening, accumulation of oxidative damage, impaired DNA repair, and altered epigenetic mechanisms regulating gene transcription. Aging mechanisms that are more relevant to the bone microenvironment include alterations in the expression and signaling of local growth factors and altered intercellular communications. This review provides an integrated overview of the current concepts and interacting mechanisms underlying bone cell senescence during aging and how they could be targeted to reduce the negative impact of senescence in the aging skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre J Marie
- Inserm UMR-1132, Paris, France; University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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20
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Joshua J, Kalyanaraman H, Marathe N, Pilz RB. Nitric oxide as a mediator of estrogen effects in osteocytes. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2014; 96:247-63. [PMID: 25189390 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800254-4.00010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis due to estrogen deficiency is a major health problem, and available therapies rely largely on the inhibition of bone resorption, because estrogen replacement is associated with risks. Estrogen promotes bone health in large part by increasing osteocyte survival, but the molecular mechanisms involved are only partly understood. We showed that estradiol stimulates nitric oxide (NO) production in osteocytes, leading to increased cGMP synthesis and activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKGs). Moreover, we found that 17β-estradiol protects osteocytes against apoptosis via the NO/cGMP signaling pathway: type II PKG mediates estradiol-induced activation of the prosurvival kinases Erk and Akt, whereas type I PKG contributes to prosurvival signaling by directly phosphorylating and inactivating the cell death protein BAD. Preclinical data support an important role of NO in bone biology, and clinical trials suggest that NO donors may prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women. Our data provide novel insights into estrogen signaling through the NO/cGMP/PKG pathway and a rationale for using NO donors and other cGMP-elevating agents for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisha Joshua
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Hema Kalyanaraman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Nisha Marathe
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Renate B Pilz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
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21
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Bibliography Current World Literature. CURRENT ORTHOPAEDIC PRACTICE 2012. [DOI: 10.1097/bco.0b013e31826b35c1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Karasik D, Cohen-Zinder M. The genetic pleiotropy of musculoskeletal aging. Front Physiol 2012; 3:303. [PMID: 22934054 PMCID: PMC3429074 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal aging is detrimental to multiple bodily functions and starts early, probably in the fourth decade of an individual's life. Sarcopenia is a health problem that is expected to only increase as a greater portion of the population lives longer; prevalence of the related musculoskeletal diseases is similarly expected to increase. Unraveling the biological and biomechanical associations and molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases represents a formidable challenge. There are two major problems making disentangling the biological complexity of musculoskeletal aging difficult: (a) it is a systemic, rather than "compartmental," problem, which should be approached accordingly, and (b) the aging per se is neither well defined nor reliably measurable. A unique challenge of studying any age-related condition is a need of distinguishing between the "norm" and "pathology," which are interwoven throughout the aging organism. We argue that detecting genes with pleiotropic functions in musculoskeletal aging is needed to provide insights into the potential biological mechanisms underlying inter-individual differences insusceptibility to the musculoskeletal diseases. However, exploring pleiotropic relationships among the system's components is challenging both methodologically and conceptually. We aimed to focus on genetic aspects of the cross-talk between muscle and its "neighboring" tissues and organs (tendon, bone, and cartilage), and to explore the role of genetics to find the new molecular links between skeletal muscle and other parts of the "musculoskeleton." Identification of significant genetic variants underlying the musculoskeletal system's aging is now possible more than ever due to the currently available advanced genomic technologies. In summary, a "holistic" genetic approach is needed to study the systems's normal functioning and the disease predisposition in order to improve musculoskeletal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Karasik
- Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University Safed, Israel
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Wade-Gueye NM, Delissen O, Gourmelon P, Aigueperse J, Dublineau I, Souidi M. Chronic exposure to natural uranium via drinking water affects bone in growing rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:1121-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Greenspan SL, Perera S, Nace D, Zukowski KS, Ferchak MA, Lee CJ, Nayak S, Resnick NM. FRAX or fiction: determining optimal screening strategies for treatment of osteoporosis in residents in long-term care facilities. J Am Geriatr Soc 2012; 60:684-90. [PMID: 22316237 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03884.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine screening strategies for osteoporosis and fractures for treatment of long-term care residents. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis to examine screening strategies for treatment. SETTING Assisted living and skilled care facilities. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred two frail women aged 65 and older (mean 85), excluding those receiving bisphosphonates. MEASUREMENTS Clinical fractures of the hip or spine (Clin Fx); Clin Fx or bone mineral density (BMD); Clin Fx, BMD, or vertebral fractures (VF) assessed according to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-based vertebral fracture assessments; fracture risk algorithm using femoral neck BMD (FRAX-FN); fracture risk algorithm using body mass index (FRAX-BMI); or Clin Fx or heel ultrasound (heel US). RESULTS Treatment eligibility ranged from 17% (Clin Fx) to 98% (FRAX-BMI). VFs were found in 47%, 74% of which were silent. Criteria with Clin Fx, BMD, or VF identified 73% of study participants for treatment. FRAX-FN suggested treatment in 81% but would have missed approximately 10% of individuals with silent VFs. Clin Fx or heel US suggested that 39% of participants were eligible for treatment. CONCLUSION Long-term care residents eligible for osteoporosis treatment ranged from fewer than 20% to roughly all residents depending on screening criteria. VFs are common and identify a subset of residents missed by conventional BMD scans or FRAX-FN. A reasonable clinical approach could consider treatment for those with Clin Fx of the hip or spine, radiological evidence of a VF, or osteoporosis according to BMD classification. Prospective studies are needed to determine optimal screening strategies for treatment in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L Greenspan
- Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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