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Wu Y, Cheng M, Jiang Y, Zhang X, Li J, Zhu Y, Yao Q. Calcium-based biomaterials: Unveiling features and expanding applications in osteosarcoma treatment. Bioact Mater 2024; 32:385-399. [PMID: 37920827 PMCID: PMC10618625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium, an indispensable element in bone tissues, plays a crucial role in various cellular processes involved in cancer progression. Its ubiquitous yet spatially distinct distribution in the body presents an opportunity to target calcium homeostasis as a novel strategies for cancer treatment, with specific advantages in osteosarcoma therapy. In this comprehensive review, we retrospect the calcium biology intersected with cancer progression, highlight the unveiling features of calcium-based biomaterials in regulating both bone homeostasis and cancer development. We also provide an overview of recent breakthroughs in cancer therapy that leverage calcium biomaterials, showcasing their potential to serve as versatile, customizable platforms for osteosarcoma treatment and as reservoirs for supporting bone reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Jiaxiang Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yishen Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
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2
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Fujioka‐Kobayashi M, Miyamoto Y, Ishikawa K, Satomi T, Schaller B. Osteoclast behaviors on the surface of deproteinized bovine bone mineral and carbonate apatite substitutes in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 110:1524-1532. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masako Fujioka‐Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio‐Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo The Nippon Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Youji Miyamoto
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takafumi Satomi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo The Nippon Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Benoit Schaller
- Department of Cranio‐Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern Bern Switzerland
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3
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Wright CS, Robling AG, Farach-Carson MC, Thompson WR. Skeletal Functions of Voltage Sensitive Calcium Channels. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2021; 19:206-221. [PMID: 33721180 PMCID: PMC8216424 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-020-00647-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCCs) are ubiquitous multimeric protein complexes that are necessary for the regulation of numerous physiological processes. VSCCs regulate calcium influx and various intracellular processes including muscle contraction, neurotransmission, hormone secretion, and gene transcription, with function specificity defined by the channel's subunits and tissue location. The functions of VSCCs in bone are often overlooked since bone is not considered an electrically excitable tissue. However, skeletal homeostasis and adaptation relies heavily on VSCCs. Inhibition or deletion of VSCCs decreases osteogenesis, impairs skeletal structure, and impedes anabolic responses to mechanical loading. RECENT FINDINGS: While the functions of VSCCs in osteoclasts are less clear, VSCCs have distinct but complementary functions in osteoblasts and osteocytes. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review details the structure, function, and nomenclature of VSCCs, followed by a comprehensive description of the known functions of VSCCs in bone cells and their regulation of bone development, bone formation, and mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian S Wright
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Alexander G Robling
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Mary C Farach-Carson
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - William R Thompson
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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4
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Finely-Tuned Calcium Oscillations in Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Resorption. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010180. [PMID: 33375370 PMCID: PMC7794828 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) plays an important role in regulating the differentiation and function of osteoclasts. Calcium oscillations (Ca oscillations) are well-known phenomena in receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption via calcineurin. Many modifiers are involved in the fine-tuning of Ca oscillations in osteoclasts. In addition to macrophage colony-stimulating factors (M-CSF; CSF-1) and RANKL, costimulatory signaling by immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-harboring adaptors is important for Ca oscillation generation and osteoclast differentiation. DNAX-activating protein of 12 kD is always necessary for osteoclastogenesis. In contrast, Fc receptor gamma (FcRγ) works as a key controller of osteoclastogenesis especially in inflammatory situation. FcRγ has a cofactor in fine-tuning of Ca oscillations. Some calcium channels and transporters are also necessary for Ca oscillations. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are well-known environmental sensors, and TRP vanilloid channels play an important role in osteoclastogenesis. Lysosomes, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are typical organelles for intracellular Ca2+ storage. Ryanodine receptor, inositol trisphosphate receptor, and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase on the ER modulate Ca oscillations. Research on Ca oscillations in osteoclasts has still many problems. Surprisingly, there is no objective definition of Ca oscillations. Causality between Ca oscillations and osteoclast differentiation and/or function remains to be examined.
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5
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Martinez-Zelaya VR, Zarranz L, Herrera EZ, Alves AT, Uzeda MJ, Mavropoulos E, Rossi AL, Mello A, Granjeiro JM, Calasans-Maia MD, Rossi AM. In vitro and in vivo evaluations of nanocrystalline Zn-doped carbonated hydroxyapatite/alginate microspheres: zinc and calcium bioavailability and bone regeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:3471-3490. [PMID: 31190805 PMCID: PMC6524140 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s197157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Zinc-doped hydroxyapatite has been proposed as a graft biomaterial for bone regeneration. However, the effect of zinc on osteoconductivity is still controversial, since the release and resorption of calcium, phosphorus, and zinc in graft-implanted defects have rarely been studied. Methods: Microspheres containing alginate and either non-doped carbonated hydroxyapatite (cHA) or nanocrystalline 3.2 wt% zinc-doped cHA (Zn-cHA) were implanted in critical-sized calvarial defects in Wistar rats for 1, 3, and 6 months. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed to evaluate the volume density of newly formed bone, residual biomaterial, and connective tissue formation. Biomaterial degradation was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and synchrotron radiation-based X-ray microfluorescence (SR-µXRF), which enabled the elemental mapping of calcium, phosphorus, and zinc on the microsphere-implanted defects at 6 months post-implantation. Results: The bone repair was limited to regions close to the preexistent bone, whereas connective tissue occupied the major part of the defect. Moreover, no significant difference in the amount of new bone formed was found between the two microsphere groups. TEM analysis revealed the degradation of the outer microsphere surface with detachment of the nanoparticle aggregates. According to SR-µXRF, both types of microspheres released high amounts of calcium, phosphorus, and zinc, distributed throughout the defective region. The cHA microsphere surface strongly adsorbed the zinc from organic constituents of the biological fluid, and phosphorus was resorbed more quickly than calcium. In the Zn-cHA group, zinc and calcium had similar release profiles, indicating a stoichiometric dissolution of these elements and non-preferential zinc resorption. Conclusions: The nanometric size of cHA and Zn-cHA was a decisive factor in accelerating the in vivo availability of calcium and zinc. The high calcium and zinc accumulation in the defect, which was not cleared by the biological medium, played a critical role in inhibiting osteoconduction and thus impairing bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor R Martinez-Zelaya
- Department of Condensed Matter, Applied Physics and Nanoscience, Brazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Laila Zarranz
- Dental Clinical Research Center, Oral Diagnosis Department and Oral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Edher Z Herrera
- Department of Condensed Matter, Applied Physics and Nanoscience, Brazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriana T Alves
- Dental Clinical Research Center, Oral Diagnosis Department and Oral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo José Uzeda
- Dental Clinical Research Center, Oral Diagnosis Department and Oral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elena Mavropoulos
- Department of Condensed Matter, Applied Physics and Nanoscience, Brazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - André L Rossi
- Department of Condensed Matter, Applied Physics and Nanoscience, Brazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Mello
- Department of Condensed Matter, Applied Physics and Nanoscience, Brazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José M Granjeiro
- Dental Clinical Research Center, Oral Diagnosis Department and Oral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.,National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Monica D Calasans-Maia
- Dental Clinical Research Center, Oral Diagnosis Department and Oral Surgery Department, Dentistry School, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre M Rossi
- Department of Condensed Matter, Applied Physics and Nanoscience, Brazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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6
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Shiwaku Y, Tsuchiya K, Xiao L, Suzuki O. Effect of calcium phosphate phases affecting the crosstalk between osteoblasts and osteoclasts in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:1001-1013. [PMID: 30684383 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that octacalcium phosphate (OCP) enhances osteoblast differentiation and osteoclast formation during the hydrolysis process to hydroxyapatite (HA). However, the crystal phases that affect the crosstalk between osteoclasts and osteoblasts are unknown, which should determine the bone substitute material's property of OCP. The present study was designed to investigate whether the chemical composition and crystal structure of calcium phosphates affect osteoclast formation and the osteoclast-osteoblast crosstalk. Biodegradable β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was used as the control material. Osteoclasts were cultured on HA/OCP or HA/TCP disks and their cellular responses were assessed. Both OCP and β-TCP had a similar ability to create multinucleated osteoclasts. However, OCP promoted the expression of complement component 3a (C3a), a positive coupling factor, in osteoclasts, whereas β-TCP enhanced that of EphrinB2 (EfnB2) and collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (Cthrc1). During osteoclast culture, phosphate ions were released from the crystals, and OCP-HA conversion was advanced in HA/OCP mixtures and OCP. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed no remarkable changes in the crystal structures of HA/TCP mixtures and β-TCP before and after osteoclast culture. These results indicate that the distinct chemical environment induced by the calcium phosphate phases affects the crosstalk between osteoclasts and osteoblasts. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1001-1013, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Shiwaku
- Division of Craniofacial Function Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.,Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaori Tsuchiya
- Division of Craniofacial Function Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Linghao Xiao
- Division of Craniofacial Function Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Osamu Suzuki
- Division of Craniofacial Function Engineering, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
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Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Tsuru K, Nagai H, Fujisawa K, Kudoh T, Ohe G, Ishikawa K, Miyamoto Y. Fabrication and evaluation of carbonate apatite-coated calcium carbonate bone substitutes for bone tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:2077-2087. [PMID: 30058260 DOI: 10.1002/term.2742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Carbonate apatite-coated calcium carbonate (CO3 Ap/CaCO3 ) was fabricated through a dissolution-precipitation reaction using CaCO3 granules as a precursor to accelerate bone replacement based on superior osteoconductivity of the CO3 Ap shell, along with Ca2+ release from the CaCO3 core and quicker resorption of the CaCO3 core. In the present study, CaCO3 , 10% CO3 Ap/CaCO3 , 30% CO3 Ap/CaCO3 , and CO3 Ap granules were fabricated and examined histologically to evaluate their potential as bone substitutes. Larger contents of CaCO3 in the granules resulted in higher Ca2+ release and promoted cell proliferation of murine preosteoblasts at 6 days compared with CO3 Ap. Interestingly, in a rabbit femur defect model, 10% CO3 Ap/CaCO3 induced significantly higher new bone formation and higher material resorption compared with CO3 Ap at 8 weeks. Nevertheless, CO3 Ap showed a superior osteoconductive potential compared with 10% CO3 Ap/CaCO3 at 8 weeks. All tested granules were most likely resorbed by cell mediation including multinucleated giant cell functions. Therefore, we conclude that CO3 Ap/CaCO3 has a positive potential for bone tissue engineering based on well-controlled calcium release, bone formation, and material resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kanji Tsuru
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Dental Engineering, Section of Bioengineering, Division of Biomedical Science, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Nagai
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kenji Fujisawa
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.,Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takaharu Kudoh
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Go Ohe
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kunio Ishikawa
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Youji Miyamoto
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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8
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Yamada M, Egusa H. Current bone substitutes for implant dentistry. J Prosthodont Res 2017; 62:152-161. [PMID: 28927994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Alveolar ridge augmentation is essential for success in implant therapy and depends on the biological performance of bone graft materials. This literature review aims to comprehensively explain the clinically relevant capabilities and limitations of currently available bone substitutes for bone augmentation in light of biomaterial science. STUDY SELECTION The biological performance of calcium phosphate-based bone substitutes was categorized according to space-making capability, biocompatibility, bioabsorption, and volume maintenance over time. Each category was reviewed based on clinical studies, preclinical animal studies, and in vitro studies. RESULTS Currently available bone substitutes provide only osteoconduction as a scaffold but not osteoinduction. Particle size, sensitivity to enzymatic or chemical dissolution, and mechanical properties affect the space-making capability of bone substitutes. The nature of collagen fibers, particulate size, and release of calcium ions influence the biocompatibility of bone substitutes. Bioabsorption of bone substitutes is determined by water solubility (chemical composition) and acid resistance (integrity of apatite structure). Bioabsorption of remnant bone substitute material and volume maintenance of the augmented bone are inversely related. CONCLUSION It is necessary to improve the biocompatibility of currently available bone substitutes and to strike an appropriate balance between bioabsorption and volume maintenance to achieve ideal bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamada
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Egusa
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Prosthodontics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Japan.
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9
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Dermience M, Lognay G, Mathieu F, Goyens P. Effects of thirty elements on bone metabolism. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2015; 32:86-106. [PMID: 26302917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The human skeleton, made of 206 bones, plays vital roles including supporting the body, protecting organs, enabling movement, and storing minerals. Bones are made of organic structures, intimately connected with an inorganic matrix produced by bone cells. Many elements are ubiquitous in our environment, and many impact bone metabolism. Most elements have antagonistic actions depending on concentration. Indeed, some elements are essential, others are deleterious, and many can be both. Several pathways mediate effects of element deficiencies or excesses on bone metabolism. This paper aims to identify all elements that impact bone health and explore the mechanisms by which they act. To date, this is the first time that the effects of thirty minerals on bone metabolism have been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dermience
- University of Liège - Gembloux Agro Bio Tech, Unit Analyzes, Quality, Risks, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Passage des Déportés, 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Georges Lognay
- University of Liège - Gembloux Agro Bio Tech, Unit Analyzes, Quality, Risks, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Passage des Déportés, 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Françoise Mathieu
- Kashin-Beck Disease Fund asbl-vzw, Rue de l'Aunee, 6, B-6953 Forrieres, Belgium.
| | - Philippe Goyens
- Kashin-Beck Disease Fund asbl-vzw, Rue de l'Aunee, 6, B-6953 Forrieres, Belgium; Department and Laboratory of Pediatric, Free Universities of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
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10
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Jung H, Best M, Akkus O. Microdamage induced calcium efflux from bone matrix activates intracellular calcium signaling in osteoblasts via L-type and T-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Bone 2015; 76:88-96. [PMID: 25819792 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms by which bone microdamage triggers repair response are not completely understood. It has been shown that calcium efflux ([Ca(2+)]E) occurs from regions of bone undergoing microdamage. Such efflux has also been shown to trigger intracellular calcium signaling ([Ca(2+)]I) in MC3T3-E1 cells local to damaged regions. Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are implicated in the entry of [Ca(2+)]E to the cytoplasm. We investigated the involvement of VGCC in the extracellular calcium induced intracellular calcium response (ECIICR). MC3T3-E1 cells were subjected to one dimensional calcium efflux from their basal aspect which results in an increase in [Ca(2+)]I. This increase was concomitant with membrane depolarization and it was significantly reduced in the presence of Bepridil, a non-selective VGCC inhibitor. To identify specific type(s) of VGCC in ECIICR, the cells were treated with selective inhibitors for different types of VGCC. Significant changes in the peak intensity and the number of [Ca(2+)]I oscillations were observed when L-type and T-type specific VGCC inhibitors (Verapamil and NNC55-0396, respectively) were used. So as to confirm the involvement of L- and T-type VGCC in the context of microdamage, cells were seeded on devitalized notched bone specimen, which were loaded to induce microdamage in the presence and absence of Verapamil and NNC55-0396. The results showed significant decrease in [Ca(2+)]I activity of cells in the microdamaged regions of bone when L- and T-type blockers were applied. This study demonstrated that extracellular calcium increase in association with damage depolarizes the cell membrane and the calcium ions enter the cell cytoplasm by L- and T-type VGCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungjin Jung
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Makenzie Best
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ozan Akkus
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Orthopedics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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11
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Cheng X, Hookway E, Kashima T, Oppermann U, Galione A, Athanasou NA. The role of calcium and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) in human osteoclast formation and resorption. Calcif Tissue Int 2015; 96:73-9. [PMID: 25433853 PMCID: PMC6667340 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-014-9939-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are specialised bone resorbing cells which form by fusion of circulating mononuclear phagocyte precursors. Bone resorption results in the release of large amounts of calcium into the extracellular fluid (ECF), but it is not certain whether changes in extracellular calcium concentration [Ca(2+)]e influence osteoclast formation and resorption. In this study, we sought to determine the effect of [Ca(2+)]e and NAADP, a potent calcium mobilising messenger that induces calcium uptake, on human osteoclast formation and resorption. CD14+ human monocytes were cultured with M-CSF and RANKL in the presence of different concentrations of calcium and NAADP and the effect on osteoclast formation and resorption evaluated. We found that the number of TRAP+ multinucleated cells and the extent of lacunar resorption were reduced when there was an increase in extracellular calcium and NAADP. This was associated with a decrease in RANK mRNA expression by CD14+ cells. At high concentrations (20 mM) of [Ca(2+)]e mature osteoclast resorption activity remained unaltered relative to control cultures. Our findings indicate that osteoclast formation is inhibited by a rise in [Ca(2+)]e and that RANK expression by mononuclear phagocyte osteoclast precursors is also [Ca(2+)]e dependent. Changes in NAADP also influence osteoclast formation, suggesting a role for this molecule in calcium handling. Osteoclasts remained capable of lacunar resorption, even at high ECF [Ca(2+)]e, in keeping with their role in physiological and pathological bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Cheng
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, OX3 7LD
| | - E. Hookway
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, OX3 7LD
| | - T. Kashima
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, OX3 7LD
| | - U. Oppermann
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, OX3 7LD
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - A. Galione
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, OX1 3QT
| | - NA Athanasou
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, OX3 7LD
- Author for correspondence: Tel: +44 1865 7 38136, Fax: +44 1865 7)38140,
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12
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Gabusi E, Manferdini C, Grassi F, Piacentini A, Cattini L, Filardo G, Lambertini E, Piva R, Zini N, Facchini A, Lisignoli G. Extracellular calcium chronically induced human osteoblasts effects: specific modulation of osteocalcin and collagen type XV. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:3151-61. [PMID: 22034088 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluctuation in extracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration occurs during bone remodeling. Free ionized Ca(2+) plays a critical role in regulating osteoblast functions. We analyzed the effects of different concentrations of free ionized Ca(2+) (0.5, 1.3, and 2.6 mM) on human osteoblasts and we evaluated osteoblastic phenotype (marker expression and cell morphology) and functions (osteogenic differentiation, cell proliferation, and cell signaling). Our data show human osteoblasts that chronically stimulated with 0.5, 1.3, or 2.6 mM Ca(2+) significantly increase intracellular content of alkaline phosphatase, collagen type I, osteocalcin, and bone sialoprotein, whereas collagen type XV was down-modulated and RUNX2 expression was not affected. We also found a Ca(2+) concentration-dependent increase in osteogenic differentiation and cell proliferation, associated to an increase of signaling protein PLCβ1 and p-ERK. Human osteoblast morphology was affected by Ca(2+) as seen by the presence of numerous nucleoli, cells in mitosis, cell junctions, and an increased number of vacuoles. In conclusion, our data show a clear phenotypical and functional effect of extracellular Ca(2+) on human osteoblasts and support the hypothesis of a direct role of this cation in the bone remodeling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gabusi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Lee HL, Bae OY, Baek KH, Kwon A, Hwang HR, Qadir AS, Park HJ, Woo KM, Ryoo HM, Baek JH. High extracellular calcium-induced NFATc3 regulates the expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand in osteoblasts. Bone 2011; 49:242-9. [PMID: 21514407 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT) is a key transcription factor for receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. However, it is unclear whether NFAT plays a role in the expression of RANKL in osteoblasts. High extracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](o)) increases intracellular calcium, enhances RANKL expression in osteoblasts/stromal cells, and induces osteoclastogenesis in a coculture of osteoblasts and hematopoietic bone marrow cells. Because intracellular calcium signaling activates the calcineurin/NFAT pathway, we examined the role of NFAT activation on high [Ca(2+)](o)-induced RANKL expression in MC3T3-E1 subclone 4 (MC4) cells. Among the family of NFAT transcription factors, expression of NFATc1 and NFATc3, but not NFATc2, NFATc4 or NFAT5, was observed in MC4 cells. High [Ca(2+)](o) increased the expression levels of NFATc1, NFATc3 and RANKL. Cyclosporin A and FK506, inhibitors of calcineurin phosphatase, blocked high [Ca(2+)](o)-induced expression of NFAT and RANKL. Knockdown of NFATc1 and NFATc3 by siRNA prevented high [Ca(2+)](o)-induced RANKL expression, whereas overexpression of NFATc1 and NFATc3 induced RANKL expression. Furthermore, overexpressed NFATc1 upregulated NFATc3 expression, but NFATc1 knockdown decreased NFATc3 expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter assay results showed that NFATc3, but not NFATc1, directly binds to the RANKL promoter and stimulates RANKL expression. In summary, these results demonstrate that high [Ca(2+)](o) increases expression of RANKL via activation of the calcineurin/NFAT pathway in osteoblasts. In addition, high [Ca(2+)](o) induces the activation and expression of NFATc1; NFATc3 expression and activity are subsequently increased; and NFATc3 directly binds to the RANKL promoter to increase its expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Lim Lee
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Downey ME, Holliday LS, Aguirre JI, Wronski TJ. In vitro and in vivo evidence for stimulation of bone resorption by an EP4 receptor agonist and basic fibroblast growth factor: Implications for their efficacy as bone anabolic agents. Bone 2009; 44:266-74. [PMID: 19013265 PMCID: PMC2663525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2008] [Revised: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 4 agonists (EP4A) and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) stimulate bone formation, but their effects on bone resorption are controversial. To provide additional insight into the skeletal effects of EP4A and FGF2, their regulation of expression of genes associated with bone formation and resorption in aged ovariectomized (OVX) rats and in cultured mouse bone marrow cells was determined. RNA was isolated from lumbar vertebrae of OVX rats (16 months of age) treated daily for 3 weeks with FGF2 or EP4A and processed for quantitative real time-PCR analyses. mRNA expression for the receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and cathepsin K (CTSK), but not osteoprotegerin (OPG), were upregulated by both FGF2 and EP4A. Addition of FGF2 and EP4A to the medium of cultured mouse bone marrow cells increased the formation of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive cells, upregulated the expression of RANKL and CTSK, and downregulated expression for OPG. EP4A also increased the formation of actin rings, an indicator of osteoclast activation, in a dose dependent manner in osteoclasts cultured on bone slices and triggered the formation of pits as revealed by a pitting assay. Gene expression for osterix (OSX) and IGF-2, genes associated with bone formation, was significantly greater in FGF2-treated OVX rats compared with EP4A-treated OVX rats. These findings at the molecular level are consistent with previous tissue-level histomorphometric findings, and at the doses tested, support the contention that FGF2 has a stronger bone anabolic effect than EP4A. The results of these in vivo and in vitro analyses clarify the effects of FGF2 and EP4A on bone formation and resorption, and provide insight into differences in the efficacy of two potential bone anabolic agents for restoration of lost bone mass in the osteopenic, estrogen-deplete skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Downey
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 100144, JHMHC, Gainesville, FL 32610-0144, USA.
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15
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Shimizu H, Nakagami H, Osako MK, Hanayama R, Kunugiza Y, Kizawa T, Tomita T, Yoshikawa H, Ogihara T, Morishita R. Angiotensin II accelerates osteoporosis by activating osteoclasts. FASEB J 2008; 22:2465-75. [PMID: 18256306 DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-098954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent clinical studies suggest that several antihypertensive drugs, especially angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, reduced bone fractures. To clarify the relationship between hypertension and osteoporosis, we focused on the role of angiotensin II (Ang II) on bone metabolism. In bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells, Ang II (1x10(-6) M) significantly increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) -positive multinuclear osteoclasts. Of importance, Ang II significantly induced the expression of receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) in osteoblasts, leading to the activation of osteoclasts, whereas these effects were completely blocked by an Ang II type 1 receptor blockade (olmesartan) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitors. In a rat ovariectomy model of estrogen deficiency, administration of Ang II (200 ng/kg/min) accelerated the increase in TRAP activity, accompanied by a significant decrease in bone density and an increase in urinary deoxypyridinoline. In hypertensive rats, treatment with olmesartan attenuated the ovariectomy-induced decrease in bone density and increase in TRAP activity and urinary deoxypyridinoline. Furthermore, in wild-type mice ovariectomy with five-sixths nephrectomy decreased bone volume by microcomputed tomography, whereas these change was not detect in Ang II type 1a receptor-deficient mice. Overall, Ang II accelerates osteoporosis by activating osteoclasts via RANKL induction. Blockade of Ang II might become a novel therapeutic approach to prevent osteoporosis in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Shimizu
- Division of Clinical Gene Therapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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16
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Chattopadhyay N, Brown EM. Role of calcium-sensing receptor in mineral ion metabolism and inherited disorders of calcium-sensing. Mol Genet Metab 2006; 89:189-202. [PMID: 16919492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2006] [Revised: 07/11/2006] [Accepted: 07/11/2006] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaR), a G protein-coupled receptor that resides on the parathyroid cell surface negatively regulates secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). The CaR is functionally expressed in bone, kidney, and gut--the three major calcium-translocating organs involved in calcium homeostasis. Further studies are needed to define fully the homeostatic roles of the CaR in tissues that are involved in systemic extracellular calcium [Ca(2+)](o) homeostasis. The role of the CaR in regulating calcium metabolism has been greatly clarified by the identification and studies of genetically determined disorders that either activate or inactivate the receptor. Antibodies to the CaR that either activate or inactivate it produce syndromes resembling the corresponding genetic diseases. Expression of the CaR is significantly reduced in primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism, which could contribute to the defective [Ca(2+)](o)-sensing in these conditions. Calcimimetics act as CaR agonists or allosteric activators and thereby potentiate the effects of [Ca(2+)](o) on parathyroid cell function. This kind of pharmacological manipulation of the CaR is now used for the treatment of hyperparathyroid states, whereby the calcimimetics increase the activation of the CaR at any given level of extracellular calcium. Calcimimetics are also an effective element in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism, particularly in dialysis patients, by virtue of reducing plasma levels of PTH, calcium and phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Chattar Manzil Palace, Lucknow 226 001, India.
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17
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Berland S, Delattre O, Borzeix S, Catonné Y, Lopez E. Nacre/bone interface changes in durable nacre endosseous implants in sheep. Biomaterials 2005; 26:2767-73. [PMID: 15585281 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2004] [Accepted: 07/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Raw nacre implants persist even after 9 months of implantation into bone tissue in sheep. However the nacre surface undergoes a limited biodegradation process. Smooth-surfaced nacre implants were seen to become microporous after implantation. The results of these long-term, in vivo studies show that the overall process involves bone-resorbing cells, relies on a two-phase mechanism and may correspond to a regulation process. The rate of surface change depends on the bone implantation site and the nacre/bone interaction. The in vivo biodegradability of nacre is a highly variable parameter. The size and shape of the implanted nacre and the cellular environment of the implant are key factors in determining the biodegradation kinetics of the nacre in a living system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Berland
- Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, 7, rue Cuvier, USM 401, UMR CNRS 5178, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France.
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18
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Choudhary S, Wadhwa S, Raisz LG, Alander C, Pilbeam CC. Extracellular calcium is a potent inducer of cyclo-oxygenase-2 in murine osteoblasts through an ERK signaling pathway. J Bone Miner Res 2003; 18:1813-24. [PMID: 14584892 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.10.1813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED [Ca2+]e may be important in bone turnover. We found [Ca2+]e induces COX-2 transcription and PGE2 production in primary calvarial osteoblasts through an ERK signaling pathway. Inhibition of PGE2 production inhibited the [Ca2+]e stimulation of osteoblastic differentiation but not the increase in cell number. Hence, some effects of [Ca2+]e on bone may be mediated by COX-2. INTRODUCTION Local changes in extracellular calcium ([Ca2+]e) may play an important role in bone turnover. We examined the possibility that prostaglandins produced by cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) could mediate some of the effects of [Ca2+]e on osteoblasts. METHODS We examined the [Ca2+]e induction of COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in primary osteoblasts (POBs) obtained by sequential enzymatic digestion of mouse calvariae. We measured mRNA and protein levels by Northern and Western analyses and PGE2 production in culture medium by radioimmunoassay (RIA). COX-2 promoter activity was measured as luciferase activity in calvarial osteoblasts derived from mice transgenic for 371 bp of the COX-2 promoter fused to a luciferase reporter gene. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS COX-2 mRNA and protein expression were induced by 3-40 mM of [Ca2+]e. [Ca2+]e (5 mM) induced COX-2 mRNA within 30 minutes; levels peaked at 6-9 h and remained elevated at 24 h. Cumulative medium PGE2 was increased at 3 h, with levels rising to 30 nM at 24 h. PGE2 production in POBs from mice with only COX-1 gene expression was 1/40th of that in POBs from mice with both COX-1 and COX-2 gene expression. [Ca2+]e increased alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin mRNA, and this increase was blocked by inhibiting PGE2 production. [Ca2+]e stimulation of COX-2 promoter activity correlated with the induction of COX-2 mRNA expression. [Ca2+]e induced rapid and transient phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in POBs, which peaked at 5-10 minutes. Inhibition of ERK phosphorylation with the specific inhibitors, PD-98059 and U-0126, decreased the [Ca2+]e induction of both COX-2 mRNA and luciferase activity by 70-80%. Although less effective than [Ca2+]e, strontium [Sr2+]e also induced COX-2 mRNA and promoter activity in POBs through an ERK signaling pathway. We conclude that [Ca2+]e is a potent transcriptional inducer of COX-2 expression and PGE2 production in osteoblasts through an ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Choudhary
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
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19
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Kim YH, Kim JM, Kim SN, Kim GS, Baek JH. p44/42 MAPK activation is necessary for receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand induction by high extracellular calcium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 304:729-35. [PMID: 12727216 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(03)00661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although extracellular calcium (Ca(2+)(o)) has been suggested to modulate bone remodeling, the exact mechanism is unclear. This study was performed to explore the signaling pathways of high Ca(2+)(o) that are responsible for controlling the expression of receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) in mouse osteoblastic cells. As previously reported, high Ca(2+)(o) increased RANKL expression. However, the G protein-coupled Ca(2+)(o)-sensing receptor (CaSR) was not detected in the primary cultured mouse osteoblastic cell. The inhibition of the pertussis-sensitive G protein, phospholipase C, protein kinase C, intracellular calcium mobilization, p38 MAPK, or phosphoinositide 3-kinase did not block RANKL induction caused by high Ca(2+)(o). In contrast, the inhibition of p44/42 MAPK pathway reduced the RANKL expression induced by high Ca(2+)(o). Moreover, high Ca(2+)(o) activated p44/42 MAPK and MEK1/2. These results suggest that RANKL induction by high Ca(2+)(o) might not be mediated by CaSR and its putative downstream signaling pathways, but the pathway employing p44/42 MAPK is involved in the high Ca(2+)(o)-induced RANKL expression in mouse osteoblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hee Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, College of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Baron R, Tsouderos Y. In vitro effects of S12911-2 on osteoclast function and bone marrow macrophage differentiation. Eur J Pharmacol 2002; 450:11-7. [PMID: 12176103 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(02)02040-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine whether 5-[bis(carboxymethyl) amino]-2-carboxy4-cyano-3-thiopheneacetic acid distrontium salt (S12911-2) inhibits bone resorption by acting on the differentiation and/or function of osteoclasts, its effects were assessed on the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)-induced expression of carbonic anhydrase II and vitronectin receptor in chicken bone marrow cells, and on the resorbing activity of authentic rat osteoclasts cultured on bone slices. S12911-2 dose-dependently inhibited, after a 6-day exposure, the expression of carbonic anhydrase II and vitronectin receptor in stimulated osteoclasts (46% and 40%, respectively, at 10(-3) M Sr(2+), P<0.05). A pre-incubation of bone slices with S12911-2 induced a dose-dependent inhibition of bone resorbing activity from 32% at 10(-4) M Sr(2+) to 66% at 10(-3) M Sr(2+) (P<0.05 in each case). A continuous incubation (10(-3) M Sr(2+)) induced a greater inhibition of bone resorbing activity (73%, P<0.05). The inhibition of bone resorption obtained specifically with S12911-2 is related to an inhibition of the differentiation and resorbing activity of the osteoclasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Baron
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, IE 55 SHM, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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21
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Kizer N, Harter L, Hruska K, Alvarez U, Duncan R. Volume regulatory decrease in UMR-106.01 cells is mediated by specific alpha1 subunits of L-type calcium channels. Cell Biochem Biophys 1999; 31:65-79. [PMID: 10505668 DOI: 10.1007/bf02738155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An early cellular response of osteoblasts to swelling is plasma membrane depolarization, accompanied by a transient increase in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i), which initiates regulatory volume decrease (RVD). The authors have previously demonstrated a hypotonically induced depolarization of the osteoblast plasma membrane, sufficient to open L-type Ca channels and mediate Ca2+ influx. Herein is described the initiation of RVD in UMR-106.01 cells, mediated by hypotonically induced [Ca2+]i transients resulting from the activation of specific isoforms of L-type Ca channels. The authors further demonstrate that substrate interaction determines which specific alpha1 Ca channel subunit isoform predominates and mediates Ca2+ entry and RVD. Swelling-induced [Ca2+]i transients, and RVD in cells grown on a type I collagen matrix, are inhibited by removal of Ca from extracellular solutions, dihydropyridines, and antisense oligodeoxynucleotides directed exclusively to the alpha1C isoform of the L-type Ca channel. Ca2+ transients and RVD in cells grown on untreated glass cover slips were inhibited by similar maneuvers, but only by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides directed to the alpha1S isoform of the L-type Ca channel. This represents the first molecular identification of the Ca channels that transduce the initiation signal for RVD by osteoblastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kizer
- Renal Division, Barnes-Jewish Hospital at the Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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22
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Laczka-Osyczka A, Laczka M, Kasugai S, Ohya K. Behavior of bone marrow cells cultured on three different coatings of gel-derived bioactive glass-ceramics at early stages of cell differentiation. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 1998; 42:433-42. [PMID: 9788507 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(19981205)42:3<433::aid-jbm13>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown different macrophage responses to three compact pellets (with slightly different chemical composition) of gel-derived bioactive glass-ceramics of the CaO-P2O5-SiO2 system. In the present study primary bone marrow cells directed in vitro to form osteoblastic or osteoclastic cells were cultivated on glass slides coated by these three glass-ceramics. Glass slides were used as controls. In osteoblastic cultures alkaline phosphatase activity varied, depending on the type of coatings. Northern analysis showed high mRNA expressions of bone-related proteins on both the glass-ceramics and control glass. Mineralized nodules were not formed on the control glass, but coating glass slides with the glass-ceramics promoted mineralization without any substantial differences between the types of coatings. In osteoclastic cultures, the normal morphology of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated cells on standard culture plates was altered on the control glass and the glass-ceramics. The number of these cells differed, depending on the type of coatings, with no particular differences in the arrangement of F-actin by these cells. These analyses demonstrate complete biocompatibility of the glass-ceramic coatings but not the control glass, on which the cells failed to form mineralized nodules. The phenotype expression of the cells appeared to be influenced by microstructure, surface roughness, and the general character of the coatings rather than their surface reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Laczka-Osyczka
- Department of Animal Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
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23
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Vidal ON, Sjögren K, Eriksson BI, Ljunggren O, Ohlsson C. Osteoprotegerin mRNA is increased by interleukin-1 alpha in the human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 and in human osteoblast-like cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 248:696-700. [PMID: 9703989 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a soluble receptor for the Osteoprotegerin-Ligand (OPGL) which is expressed on osteoblasts and mediates the signal for osteoclast differentiation. In the present study we demonstrate that OPG mRNA levels in MG-63 cells are increased in a dose-dependent manner after 8 h of treatment with IL-1 alpha (338 +/- 53% over control at 25 U/ml). Interleukin-6 (IL-6), under similar culture conditions, does not affect OPG mRNA levels. Time-course studies show that IL-1 alpha (25 U/ml) causes a transient increase of OPG mRNA levels in MG-63 cells, peaking after 4 h of treatment. An increase of the OPG transcript occurs in hOB cells at 0.5 h which is still present after 24 h of IL-1 alpha treatment. In MG-63 cells neither basal-nor IL-1 alpha-induced OPG mRNA levels are altered by the translational inhibitor cycloheximide. These results suggest that expression of OPG in osteoblasts may be regulated by IL-1 alpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- O N Vidal
- Endocrine Bone Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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24
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Takami M, Woo JT, Takahashi N, Suda T, Nagai K. Ca2+-ATPase inhibitors and Ca2+-ionophore induce osteoclast-like cell formation in the cocultures of mouse bone marrow cells and calvarial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997; 237:111-5. [PMID: 9266840 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts which derive from hemopoietic cells are multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption. We found that cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), thapsigargin (TG), and 2,5-di-(t-butyl)-1,4-hydroquinone (BHQ) induced osteoclast-like cell (OCL) formation in cocultures of mouse calvaria-derived stromal cells and hemopoietic cells such as bone marrow cells and spleen cells. OCLs induced by these compounds showed typical characteristics of osteoclasts such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity and pit forming activity. These compounds are known as endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase inhibitors that increase intracellular Ca2+ levels by inhibiting Ca2+-ATPase activity located in the membrane of ER/SR. Ca2+-ionophores such as ionomycin which increase intracellular Ca2+ levels also stimulated OCL formation in the cocultures. Differentiation of hemopoietic cells into OCLs induced by these compounds required the presence of calvarial cells. These results indicate that an increase of intracellular Ca2+ levels may be a part of signaling pathways to induce osteoclast differentiation in the presence of calvarial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takami
- Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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