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Almohaimeed HM, Al-Zahrani MH, Almuhayawi MS, Algaidi SA, Batawi AH, Baz HA, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Baz NA, Saleh FM, Ayuob N. Accelerating Effect of Cucurbita pepo L. Fruit Extract on Excisional Wound Healing in Depressed Rats Is Mediated through Its Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects. Nutrients 2022; 14:3336. [PMID: 36014842 PMCID: PMC9415108 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic stress can hinder wound healing as it suppresses both the cellular and innate immune responses. Objectives: The study aims to assess the effectiveness of the administration of topical and oral Cucurbita pepo L. (CP) ethanolic extract in prompting excisional wound healing in rats exposed to chronic stress, and to explain how it works. Materials and methods: Fifty albino rats assigned to five groups (n = 10) were utilized in this study. The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model was used for 4 weeks to induce depressive-like behavior in rats, and a forced swim test and corticosterone were assessed to confirm its occurrence. During the experiment, an excisional wound was induced in the rats and followed. Oxidant/antioxidants status and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels were measured in the serum and wound area. Gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was also assessed using RT-PCR. Wound closure histopathological changes and immunohistochemical expression of CD68, CD3, and CD4 at the wound area was assessed. Results: The administration of CP, both orally and topically, significantly reduced (p < 0.001) the depressive-like behavior and corticosterone and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, while it significantly up-regulated the antioxidant activity compared to the untreated and topically CP-treated groups. Both topically CP-treated and combined CP-treated groups showed complete re-epithelialization, reduced inflammatory cells infiltration, collagen fibers deposition, and significantly increased CD3, CD4 positive T cells count, with a superior effect in the combined CP-treated groups. Conclusion: Cucurbita pepo L., administrated both topically and orally, can enhance the wound healing process in rats with depressive-like behavior mostly through the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant activities observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailah M. Almohaimeed
- Department of Basic Science, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Hassan Al-Zahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Saad Almuhayawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Yousef Abdullatif Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Applications (YAJCPMA), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Awda Algaidi
- Department of Anatomy, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwaq H. Batawi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan Ahmed Baz
- Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University/King Abdullah Medical City, Mecca 24211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nhal Ahmed Baz
- Department of Periodontist, King Abdullah Medical City, Mecca 24211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez M. Saleh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasra Ayuob
- Department of Medical Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
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Almohaimeed HM, Albadawi EA, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Alghabban HM, Seleem HS, Ramadan OI, Ayuob NN. Brain-derived Neurotropic factor (BDNF) mediates the protective effect of Cucurbita pepo L. on salivary glands of rats exposed to chronic stress evident by structural, biochemical and molecular study. J Appl Oral Sci 2021; 29:e20201080. [PMID: 34614119 PMCID: PMC8523095 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute and chronic stresses affect the salivary glands, representing the source of plasma BDNF during stressful conditions. Pumpkin is a medicinal plant with an evident antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and potential antidepressant effects. OBJECTIVE To assess the structural and biochemical effects induced by exposure to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on salivary glands of albino rats, and to evaluate the role of pumpkin extract (Pump) in ameliorating this effect. METHODOLOGY Four groups (n=10 each) of male albino rats were included in this study: the control, CUMS, Fluoxetine-treated and Pump-treated. The corticosterone, the pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and the oxidant/antioxidant profile were all assessed in the serum. The level of BDNF mRNA was measured in the salivary glands using qRT-PCR. Histopathological changes of the salivary glands were also assessed. RESULTS The depressive-like status was confirmed behaviorally and biochemically. Exposure to CUMS significantly up-regulated (p<0.001) the level of serum corticosterone. CUMS induced degenerative changes in the secretory and ductal elements of the salivary glands evident by increased apoptosis. Both Fluoxetine and Pumpkin significantly up-regulated (p<0.001) BDNF expression in the salivary glands and ameliorated the CUMS-induced histopathological and biochemical alterations in the salivary glands. Pumpkin significantly (p<0.001) increased the serum levels of antioxidant enzymes SOD, GPX and CAT, and reduced the serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6. CONCLUSION Pumpkin ameliorates the depressive-like status induced in rats following exposure to chronic stress through exerting a promising anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-depressant-like effects. The pumpkin, subsequently, improved stress-induced structural changes in the salivary glands that might be due to up-regulation of BDNF expression in the glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailah M Almohaimeed
- Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU), College of Medicine, Department of Basic Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad A Albadawi
- Taibah University, College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh
- University of Tabuk, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadel M Alghabban
- University of Taibah, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan S Seleem
- Menoufia University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, Shebin ElKoum, Menofia, Egypt.,Qassim University, Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama I Ramadan
- Al Azhar University, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Histology Department, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nasra N Ayuob
- Damietta University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Histology, Damietta, Egypt
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Mizuno G, Munetsuna E, Yamada H, Yamazaki M, Ando Y, Hattori Y, Kageyama I, Teshigawara A, Nouchi Y, Fujii R, Ishikawa H, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Ohashi K, Shimono Y. Maternal fructose consumption downregulates hippocampal catalase expression via DNA methylation in rat offspring. Nutr Res 2021; 92:40-48. [PMID: 34274553 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Some studies have demonstrated that excessive fructose consumption negatively impact brain function. Recently, the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis - which suggests that maternal nutritional status during gestation and lactation can alter offspring phenotype - has received much attention. In a previous study, we demonstrated that maternal fructose consumption increases levels of lipid peroxides in hippocampi of offspring. The hypothesis in the present study was that maternal fructose intake would affect hippocampal antioxidant enzyme via epigenetic regulation. Upon confirmation of gestation, female rats were assigned to receive either water (control group) or a 20% fructose solution (fructose-fed group). Water or fructose solution were administered to dams from day 1 of gestation to postnatal day 21. Immediately after weaning, hippocampi of offspring were removed for analysis of antioxidant enzyme (Sod1, Sod2, Gpx1, Gpx4, and Cat) messenger RNA transcript levels. Levels of the Cat transcript were significantly lower in the fructose-fed relative to the control group. The Cat protein level was also significantly lower in the fructose-fed relative to the control group as with the messenger RNA transcript levels. Moreover, Cat promoter DNA methylation levels were higher in the fructose-fed group. The present study indicates that maternal fructose consumption may decrease offspring hippocampal Cat transcript levels via altered DNA methylation, which may result in higher levels of oxidative stress due to a decreased ability to neutralize lipid peroxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genki Mizuno
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa 761-0123, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Ando
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yuji Hattori
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Itsuki Kageyama
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Teshigawara
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yuki Nouchi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimono
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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Thyroid hormone insufficiency alters the expression of psychiatric disorder-related molecules in the hypothyroid mouse brain during the early postnatal period. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6723. [PMID: 33762687 PMCID: PMC7990947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86237-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional role of thyroid hormone (TH) in the cortex and hippocampus of mouse during neuronal development was investigated in this study. TH insufficiency showed a decrease in the expression of parvalbumin (PV) in the cortex and hippocampus of pups at postnatal day (PD) 14, while treatment with thyroxine from PD 0 to PD 14 ameliorated the PV loss. On the other hand, treatment with antithyroid agents in adulthood did not result in a decrease in the expression of PV in these areas. These results indicate the existence of a critical period of TH action during the early postnatal period. A decrease in MeCP2-positive neuronal nuclei was also observed in the cortical layers II–IV of the cerebral cortex. The brains were then stained with CUX1, a marker for cortical layers II–IV. In comparison with normal mice, CUX1 signals were decreased in the somatosensory cortex of the hypothyroid mice, and the total thickness of cortical layers II–IV of the mice was lower than that of normal mice. These results suggest that TH insufficiency during the perinatal period strongly and broadly affects neuronal development.
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Faddladdeen K, Ali SS, Bahshwan S, Ayuob N. Thymoquinone Preserves Pancreatic Islets Structure Through Upregulation of Pancreatic β-Catenin in Hypothyroid Rats. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:2913-2924. [PMID: 34234489 PMCID: PMC8254558 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s317417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered status of thyroid hormones, which have a key role in regulating metabolism, was reported to affect glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to assess the impact of propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroidism on the pancreatic islet cells and the efficacy of thymoquinone (TQ) in alleviating this impact and explore the mechanism behind it alleviating oxidative stress and affecting β-catenin expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS PTU (6 mg/kg/body weight) was used to induce hypothyroidism in Wistar rats. Four groups of rats (n=6 each) were utilized in this study. Untreated hypothyroid and TQ-treated hypothyroid groups (50 mg/kg/body weight for 4 weeks) were included. Thyroid functions, antioxidant profile and pancreatic β-catenin and IL-10 mRNA were measured. Histopathological and immunohistochemical assessment of the pancreas was performed. RESULTS PTU administration induced a hypothyroid status that was associated with a marked disturbed oxidant/antioxidant status and a significant hyperglycemia (p<0:001), hypoinsulinemia (p=0.01) and decreased HOMA-β-cell (p<0.001). Islet cells of hypothyroid pancreas showed many degenerative changes with increased apoptosis, reduced insulin β-catenin immunoexpression. Administration of TQ alleviated these effects on the thyroid function, antioxidants, structure of pancreatic islet cells. Up-regulation of β-catenin, IL-10 and CAT gene expression in pancreatic islets after treatment with TQ supported its antioxidant and preserving β-cell function and viability mechanistic action. CONCLUSION TQ alleviated PTU-induced hypothyroidism changes in insulin homeostasis and pancreatic β cells mostly through its antioxidant effect as well as up-regulation of pancreatic β-catenin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Faddladdeen
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad Shaker Ali
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Safia Bahshwan
- Biology Department, College of Science and Arts in Al-Makhwah, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasra Ayuob
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
- Yousef Abdullatif Jameel, Chair of Prophetic Medical Applications (YAJCPMA), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Nasra Ayuob Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, EgyptTel +201066513745 Email
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Thymoquinone Upregulates Catalase Gene Expression and Preserves the Structure of the Renal Cortex of Propylthiouracil-Induced Hypothyroid Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3295831. [PMID: 32774669 PMCID: PMC7391089 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3295831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The association between hypothyroidism and renal diseases has been described in many studies. Nigella Sativa was among the recently reported natural product that has the potential to prevent renal tissue damage and fibrosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effect of thymoquinone on the structure of the renal cortex of hypothyroid rats and explore the mechanism behind it. Methods An experimental model of hypothyroidism was induced in adult male Wistar rats by administration of propylthiouracil (6 mg/kg/body weight). One hypothyroid group was treated with thymoquinone at the dose of 50 mg/kg/body weight and compared to the untreated group. Thyroid function and oxidant/antioxidant status were assessed in the serum. Catalase gene expression was assessed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. The kidney was assessed both histologically and immunohistochemically. Results Administration of propylthiouracil resulted in a significant decrease in the serum levels of nitric oxide, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase activity while the level of malondialdehyde significantly (p < 0.001) increased. Administration of thymoquinone alleviated this effect on the thyroid hormones and significantly increased the serum levels of antioxidants. Thymoquinone significantly (p < 0.001) upregulated catalase transcription by about 24-fold and could block the hypothyroidism-induced glomerular and tubular injury. Conclusion Thymoquinone may have a potential protective effect against hypothyroidism-induced renal injury acting through the attenuation of the oxidative stress and upregulation of renal catalase gene expression.
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Curcumin restores hepatic epigenetic changes in propylthiouracil(PTU) Induced hypothyroid male rats: A study on DNMTs, MBDs, GADD45a, C/EBP-β and PCNA. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 123:169-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Bunker SK, Dandapat J, Chainy GB, Sahoo SK, Nayak PK. Neonatal Exposure to 6-n-Propyl-Thiouracil, an Anti-Thyroid Drug, Alters Expression of Hepatic DNA Methyltransferases, Methyl CpG-Binding Proteins, Gadd45a, p53, and PCNA in Adult Male Rats. Eur Thyroid J 2017; 6:281-291. [PMID: 29234621 PMCID: PMC5704726 DOI: 10.1159/000479681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) exposure to male rats is reported to impair liver function in adulthood. However, the mechanism by which the drug impairs liver function is not well known. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the study were to investigate the effects of neonatal exposure of PTU on the expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), methyl-DNA binding proteins (MBDs), Gadd45a, p53, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in adult rat liver. METHODS The effects of neonatal transient (from birth to 30 days of age) and persistent (from birth to 90 days of age) treatment of PTU on DNA damage and on the expression of p53, PCNA, DNMTs, and MBDs were investigated at transcriptional and translational levels in male adult liver. RESULTS Persistent exposure to PTU from birth caused significant downregulation of expression of DNMT1 and DNMT3a and upregulation of DNMT3b, MBD4, and Gadd45a without any damage to DNA. Although MeCp2 transcripts were significantly low in the liver of adult rats after persistent exposure to PTU compared to controls, its translated products were significantly higher than in controls. The expression of p53 and PCNA in PTU-treated rats was significantly higher and lower, respectively, than that in control rats. CONCLUSION The results suggest that neonatal exposure of male rats to PTU resulted in alteration in the expression of proteins that are associated with DNA methylation and genome stabilization in adult rat liver.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gagan B.N. Chainy
- *Gagan B.N. Chainy, Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751004 (India), E-Mail
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Alcolea Palafox M, Rastogi V, Singh S. Effect of the sulphur atom on geometry and spectra of the biomolecule 2-thiouracil and in the WC base pair 2-thiouridine-adenosine. Influence of water in the first hydration shell. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:1225-1254. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1318304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Alcolea Palafox
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Química-Fisica1, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - V.K. Rastogi
- R.D. Foundation Group of Institutions, NH-58, Kadrabad, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, India
- Indian Spectroscopy Society, KC 68/1, Old Kavinagar, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - S.P. Singh
- Department of Physics, Dr B R Ambedkar Govt Degree College, Mainpuri, India
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