1
|
Pomella S, Melaiu O, Dri M, Martelli M, Gargari M, Barillari G. Effects of Angiogenic Factors on the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Their Impact on the Onset and Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Overview. Cells 2024; 13:1294. [PMID: 39120324 PMCID: PMC11311310 DOI: 10.3390/cells13151294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
High levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 and angiopoietin (ANG)-2 are found in tissues from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). As might be expected, VEGF, FGF-2, and ANG-2 overexpression parallels the development of new blood and lymphatic vessels that nourish the growing OPMDs or OSCCs and provide the latter with metastatic routes. Notably, VEGF, FGF-2, and ANG-2 are also linked to the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a trans-differentiation process that respectively promotes or exasperates the invasiveness of normal and neoplastic oral epithelial cells. Here, we have summarized published work regarding the impact that the interplay among VEGF, FGF-2, ANG-2, vessel generation, and EMT has on oral carcinogenesis. Results from the reviewed studies indicate that VEGF, FGF-2, and ANG-2 spark either protein kinase B (AKT) or mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), two signaling pathways that can promote both EMT and new vessels' formation in OPMDs and OSCCs. Since EMT and vessel generation are key to the onset and progression of OSCC, as well as to its radio- and chemo-resistance, these data encourage including AKT or MAPK inhibitors and/or antiangiogenic drugs in the treatment of this malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pomella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (O.M.); (M.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Ombretta Melaiu
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (O.M.); (M.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Maria Dri
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mirko Martelli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (O.M.); (M.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Marco Gargari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (O.M.); (M.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier, 00133 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (O.M.); (M.M.); (M.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khorshidian A, Sharifi N, Choupani Kheirabadi F, Rezaei F, Sheikholeslami SA, Ariyannejad A, Esmaeili J, Basati H, Barati A. In Vitro Release of Glycyrrhiza Glabra Extract by a Gel-Based Microneedle Patch for Psoriasis Treatment. Gels 2024; 10:87. [PMID: 38391417 PMCID: PMC10887857 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Microneedle patches are attractive drug delivery systems that give hope for treating skin disorders. In this study, to first fabricate a chitosan-based low-cost microneedle patch (MNP) using a CO2 laser cutter for in vitro purposes was tried and then the delivery and impact of Glycyrrhiza glabra extract (GgE) on the cell population by this microneedle was evaluated. Microscopic analysis, swelling, penetration, degradation, biocompatibility, and drug delivery were carried out to assess the patch's performance. DAPI staining and acridine orange (AO) staining were performed to evaluate cell numbers. Based on the results, the MNs were conical and sharp enough (diameter: 400-500 μm, height: 700-900 μm). They showed notable swelling (2 folds) during 5 min and good degradability during 30 min, which can be considered a burst release. The MNP showed no cytotoxicity against fibroblast cell line L929. It also demonstrated good potential for GgE delivery. The results from AO and DAPI staining approved the reduction in the cell population after GgE delivery. To sum up, the fabricated MNP can be a useful recommendation for lab-scale studies. In addition, a GgE-loaded MNP can be a good remedy for skin disorders in which cell proliferation needs to be controlled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayeh Khorshidian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran 1956854977, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran 1956854977, Iran
| | - Niloufar Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran 1956854977, Iran
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450066, China
| | - Fatemeh Choupani Kheirabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran 1956854977, Iran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz 54911, Iran
| | - Farnoushsadat Rezaei
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Seyed Alireza Sheikholeslami
- Department of Tissue Engineering, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran 1956854977, Iran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 3848177584, Iran
| | - Ayda Ariyannejad
- Department of Tissue Engineering, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran 1956854977, Iran
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Javad Esmaeili
- Department of Tissue Engineering, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran 1956854977, Iran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 3848177584, Iran
- Tissue Engineering Hub (TEHUB), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1956854977, Iran
| | - Hojat Basati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, TISSUEHUB Co., Tehran 1956854977, Iran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, Tehran 3584014179, Iran
| | - Aboulfazl Barati
- Center for Materials and Manufacturing Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Troy University, Troy, AL 36082, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Prostate Cancer Tumor Stroma: Responsibility in Tumor Biology, Diagnosis and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184412. [PMID: 36139572 PMCID: PMC9496870 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The crosstalk between prostate stroma and its epithelium is essential to tissue homeostasis. Likewise, reciprocal signaling between tumor cells and the stromal compartment is required in tumor progression to facilitate or stimulate key processes such as cell proliferation and invasion. The aim of the present work was to review the current state of knowledge on the significance of tumor stroma in the genesis, progression and therapeutic response of prostate carcinoma. Additionally, we addressed the future therapeutic opportunities. Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common cancer among males globally, and its occurrence is growing worldwide. Clinical decisions about the combination of therapies are becoming highly relevant. However, this is a heterogeneous disease, ranging widely in prognosis. Therefore, new approaches are needed based on tumor biology, from which further prognostic assessments can be established and complementary strategies can be identified. The knowledge of both the morphological structure and functional biology of the PCa stroma compartment can provide new diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic possibilities. In the present review, we analyzed the aspects related to the tumor stromal component (both acellular and cellular) in PCa, their influence on tumor behavior and the therapeutic response and their consideration as a new therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu J, Chen T, Li S, Liu W, Wang P, Shang G. Targeting matrix metalloproteinases by E3 ubiquitin ligases as a way to regulate the tumor microenvironment for cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:259-268. [PMID: 35724822 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in neoplastic development. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are critically involved in tumorigenesis by modulation of the TME and degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in a large variety of malignancies. Evidence has revealed that dysregulated MMPs can lead to ECM damage, the promotion of cell migration and tumor metastasis. The expression and activities of MMPs can be tightly regulated by TIMPs, multiple signaling pathways and noncoding RNAs. MMPs are also finely controlled by E3 ubiquitin ligases. The current review focuses on the molecular mechanism by which MMPs are governed by E3 ubiquitin ligases in carcinogenesis. Due to the essential role of MMPs in oncogenesis, they have been considered the attractive targets for antitumor treatment. Several strategies that target MMPs have been discovered, including the use of small-molecule inhibitors, peptides, inhibitory antibodies, natural compounds with anti-MMP activity, and RNAi therapeutics. However, these molecules have multiple disadvantages, such as poor solubility, severe side-effects and low oral bioavailability. Therefore, it is necessary to discover the novel inhibitors that suppress MMPs for cancer therapy. Here, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting E3 ubiquitin ligases to inhibit MMPs. We hope this review will stimulate the discovery of novel therapeutics for the MMP-targeted treatment of a variety of human cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Shizhe Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Research and Development, Beijing Zhongwei Research Center of Biological and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100161, China
| | - Peter Wang
- Department of Research and Development, Beijing Zhongwei Research Center of Biological and Translational Medicine, Beijing 100161, China; Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China.
| | - Guanning Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Megerian MF, Kim JS, Badreddine J, Hong SH, Ponsky LE, Shin JI, Ghayda RA. Melatonin and Prostate Cancer: Anti-tumor Roles and Therapeutic Application. Aging Dis 2022; 14:840-857. [PMID: 37191417 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an endogenous indoleamine that has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in laboratory models of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer risk has additionally been associated with exogenous factors that interfere with normal pineal secretory activity, including aging, poor sleep, and artificial light at night. Therefore, we aim to expand on the important epidemiological evidence, and to review how melatonin can impede prostate cancer. More specifically, we describe the currently known mechanisms of melatonin-mediated oncostasis in prostate cancer, including those that relate to the indolamine's ability to modulate metabolic activity, cell cycle progression and proliferation, androgen signaling, angiogenesis, metastasis, immunity and oxidative cell status, apoptosis, genomic stability, neuroendocrine differentiation, and the circadian rhythm. The outlined evidence underscores the need for clinical trials to determine the efficacy of supplemental, adjunct, and adjuvant melatonin therapy for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
6
|
Hsu CY, Lin YS, Weng WC, Panny L, Chen HL, Tung MC, Ou YC, Lin CC, Yang CH. Phloretin Ameliorates Testosterone-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats by Regulating the Inflammatory Response, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080743. [PMID: 34440487 PMCID: PMC8399389 DOI: 10.3390/life11080743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory process is proposed to be one of the factors to benign prostatic enlargement (BPH), and this is the first study examining the anti-inflammatory ability of phloretin in treating rats with testosterone-induced BPH. BPH would be induced by testosterone (10 mg/kg/day testosterone subcutaneously for 28 days), and the other groups of rats were treated with phloretin 50 mg/kg/day or 100 mg/kg/day orally (phr50 or phr100 group) after induction. Prostate weight and prostate weight to body weight ratio were significantly reduced in the Phr100 group. Reduced dihydrotestosterone without interfering with 5α-reductase was observed in the phr100 group. In inflammatory proteins, reduced IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, NF-κB, and COX-2 were seen in the phr100 group. In reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde was reduced, and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were elevated in the phr100 group. In apoptotic assessment, elevated cleaved caspase-3 was observed in rats of the phr100 group. Enhanced pro-apoptotic Bax and reduced anti-apoptotic Bc1-2 could be seen in the phr100 group. In histological stains, markedly decreased glandular hyperplasia and proliferative cell nuclear antigen were observed with reduced expression in the phr100 group. Meanwhile, positive cells of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling were increased in the phr100 group. In conclusion, the treatment of phloretin 100 mg/kg/day could ameliorate testosterone-induced BPH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu Hsu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan; (C.Y.H.); (Y.S.L.); (W.C.W.); (H.L.C.); (M.C.T.)
- PhD Program in Translational Medicine, Rong Hsing Research Center for Transitional Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yi Sheng Lin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan; (C.Y.H.); (Y.S.L.); (W.C.W.); (H.L.C.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Wei Chun Weng
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan; (C.Y.H.); (Y.S.L.); (W.C.W.); (H.L.C.); (M.C.T.)
- Department of Nursing, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 356, Taiwan
| | - Lauren Panny
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Hsiang Lai Chen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan; (C.Y.H.); (Y.S.L.); (W.C.W.); (H.L.C.); (M.C.T.)
- PhD Program in Translational Medicine, Rong Hsing Research Center for Transitional Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Min Che Tung
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan; (C.Y.H.); (Y.S.L.); (W.C.W.); (H.L.C.); (M.C.T.)
| | - Yen Chuan Ou
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan; (C.Y.H.); (Y.S.L.); (W.C.W.); (H.L.C.); (M.C.T.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.O.); (C.C.L.); (C.H.Y.)
| | - Chi Chien Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Science, The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.C.O.); (C.C.L.); (C.H.Y.)
| | - Che Hsueh Yang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tungs’ Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan; (C.Y.H.); (Y.S.L.); (W.C.W.); (H.L.C.); (M.C.T.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.O.); (C.C.L.); (C.H.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
González A, Alonso-González C, González-González A, Menéndez-Menéndez J, Cos S, Martínez-Campa C. Melatonin as an Adjuvant to Antiangiogenic Cancer Treatments. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3263. [PMID: 34209857 PMCID: PMC8268559 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone with different functions, antitumor actions being one of the most studied. Among its antitumor mechanisms is its ability to inhibit angiogenesis. Melatonin shows antiangiogenic effects in several types of tumors. Combination of melatonin and chemotherapeutic agents have a synergistic effect inhibiting angiogenesis. One of the undesirable effects of chemotherapy is the induction of pro-angiogenic factors, whilst the addition of melatonin is able to overcome these undesirable effects. This protective effect of the pineal hormone against angiogenesis might be one of the mechanisms underlying its anticancer effect, explaining, at least in part, why melatonin administration increases the sensitivity of tumors to the inhibitory effects exerted by ordinary chemotherapeutic agents. Melatonin has the ability to turn cancer totally resistant to chemotherapeutic agents into a more sensitive chemotherapy state. Definitely, melatonin regulates the expression and/or activity of many factors involved in angiogenesis which levels are affected (either positively or negatively) by chemotherapeutic agents. In addition, the pineal hormone has been proposed as a radiosensitizer, increasing the oncostatic effects of radiation on tumor cells. This review serves as a synopsis of the interaction between melatonin and angiogenesis, and we will outline some antiangiogenic mechanisms through which melatonin sensitizes cancer cells to treatments, such as radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; (A.G.); (A.G.-G.); (J.M.-M.); (C.M.-C.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
FKBP4 integrates FKBP4/Hsp90/IKK with FKBP4/Hsp70/RelA complex to promote lung adenocarcinoma progression via IKK/NF-κB signaling. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:602. [PMID: 34112753 PMCID: PMC8192522 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03857-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
FKBP4 belongs to the family of immunophilins, which serve as a regulator for steroid receptor activity. Thus, FKBP4 has been recognized to play a critical role in several hormone-dependent cancers, including breast and prostate cancer. However, there is still no research to address the role of FKBP4 on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. We found that FKBP4 expression was elevated in LUAD samples and predicted significantly shorter overall survival based on TCGA and our cohort of LUAD patients. Furthermore, FKBP4 robustly increased the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of LUAD in vitro and vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed the interaction between FKBP4 and IKK kinase complex. We found that FKBP4 potentiated IKK kinase activity by interacting with Hsp90 and IKK subunits and promoting Hsp90/IKK association. Also, FKBP4 promotes the binding of IKKγ to IKKβ, which supported the facilitation role in IKK complex assembly. We further identified that FKBP4 TPR domains are essential for FKBP4/IKK interaction since its association with Hsp90 is required. In addition, FKBP4 PPIase domains are involved in FKBP4/IKKγ interaction. Interestingly, the association between FKBP4 and Hsp70/RelA favors the transport of RelA toward the nucleus. Collectively, FKBP4 integrates FKBP4/Hsp90/IKK with FKBP4/Hsp70/RelA complex to potentiate the transcriptional activity and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, thereby promoting LUAD progression. Our findings suggest that FKBP4 may function as a prognostic biomarker of LUAD and provide a newly mechanistic insight into modulating IKK/NF-κB signaling.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bahmad HF, Jalloul M, Azar J, Moubarak MM, Samad TA, Mukherji D, Al-Sayegh M, Abou-Kheir W. Tumor Microenvironment in Prostate Cancer: Toward Identification of Novel Molecular Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy Development. Front Genet 2021; 12:652747. [PMID: 33841508 PMCID: PMC8033163 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.652747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is by far the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. Despite sensitivity to androgen deprivation, patients with advanced disease eventually develop resistance to therapy and may die of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). A key challenge in the management of PCa is the clinical heterogeneity that is hard to predict using existing biomarkers. Defining molecular biomarkers for PCa that can reliably aid in diagnosis and distinguishing patients who require aggressive therapy from those who should avoid overtreatment is a significant unmet need. Mechanisms underlying the development of PCa are not confined to cancer epithelial cells, but also involve the tumor microenvironment. The crosstalk between epithelial cells and stroma in PCa has been shown to play an integral role in disease progression and metastasis. A number of key markers of reactive stroma has been identified including stem/progenitor cell markers, stromal-derived mediators of inflammation, regulators of angiogenesis, connective tissue growth factors, wingless homologs (Wnts), and integrins. Here, we provide a synopsis of the stromal-epithelial crosstalk in PCa focusing on the relevant molecular biomarkers pertaining to the tumor microenvironment and their role in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisham F Bahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Arkadi M. Rywlin M.D. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, United States
| | - Mohammad Jalloul
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Azar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maya M Moubarak
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Tamara Abdul Samad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Deborah Mukherji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Al-Sayegh
- Biology Division, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jiang X, Li Y, Feng JL, Nik Nabil WN, Wu R, Lu Y, Liu H, Xi ZC, Xu HX. Safrana l Prevents Prostate Cancer Recurrence by Blocking the Re-activation of Quiescent Cancer Cells via Downregulation of S-Phase Kinase-Associated Protein 2. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:598620. [PMID: 33392189 PMCID: PMC7772204 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.598620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The re-proliferation of quiescent cancer cells is considered to be the primary contributor to prostate cancer (Pca) recurrence and progression. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of safranal, a monoterpene aldehyde isolated from Crocus sativus (saffron), on the re-proliferation of quiescent Pca cells in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that safranal efficiently blocked the re-activation of quiescent Pca cells by downregulating the G0/G1 cell cycle regulatory proteins CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and phospho-Rb at Ser807/811 and elevating the levels of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21 and p27. Further investigation on the underlying mechanisms revealed that safranal suppressed the mRNA and protein expression levels of Skp2, possibly through the deregulation of the transcriptional activity of two major transcriptional factors, E2F1 and NF-κB subunits. Moreover, safranal inhibited AKT phosphorylation at Ser473 and deregulated both canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways. Safranal suppressed the tumor growth of quiescent Pca cell xenografts in vivo. Furthermore, safranal-treated tumor tissues exhibited a reduction in Skp2, E2F1, NF-κB p65, p-IκBα (Ser32), c-MYC, p-Rb (Ser807), CDK4, CDK6, and CDK2 and an elevation of p27 and p21 protein levels. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that safranal suppresses cell cycle re-entry of quiescent Pca cells in vitro and in vivo plausibly by repressing the transcriptional activity of two major transcriptional activators of Skp2, namely, E2F1 and NF-κB, through the downregulation of AKT phosphorylation and NF-κB signaling pathways, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Ling Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan Najbah Nik Nabil
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pharmaceutical Services Program, Ministry of Health, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Rong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Hospital Management Office, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Xi
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ohadian Moghadam S, Momeni SA. Human microbiome and prostate cancer development: current insights into the prevention and treatment. Front Med 2020; 15:11-32. [PMID: 32607819 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-019-0731-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The huge communities of microorganisms that symbiotically colonize humans are recognized as significant players in health and disease. The human microbiome may influence prostate cancer development. To date, several studies have focused on the effect of prostate infections as well as the composition of the human microbiome in relation to prostate cancer risk. Current studies suggest that the microbiota of men with prostate cancer significantly differs from that of healthy men, demonstrating that certain bacteria could be associated with cancer development as well as altered responses to treatment. In healthy individuals, the microbiome plays a crucial role in the maintenance of homeostasis of body metabolism. Dysbiosis may contribute to the emergence of health problems, including malignancy through affecting systemic immune responses and creating systemic inflammation, and changing serum hormone levels. In this review, we discuss recent data about how the microbes colonizing different parts of the human body including urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, oral cavity, and skin might affect the risk of developing prostate cancer. Furthermore, we discuss strategies to target the microbiome for risk assessment, prevention, and treatment of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Ali Momeni
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Saedmocheshi S, Saghebjoo M, Vahabzadeh Z, Sheikholeslami-Vatani D. Aerobic Training and Green Tea Extract Protect against N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced Prostate Cancer. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 51:2210-2216. [PMID: 31626054 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aerobic training and green tea extract can be used to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of 8-wk aerobic exercise training and administration of green tea extract on the level of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and p53 tumor suppressor protein (p53) in prostate of rats which were stimulated by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea to induce the prostate cancer. METHODS Sixty adult male Wistar rats were assigned into six groups including healthy control, cancer control (CCt), cancer training (CTr: 45 min·d at low to moderate intensity, five times per week, 8 wk), cancer extract (CEx: 1.34 mL of green tea extract, three times per week, 8 wk), cancer training+ cancer extract (CTr + CEx) and sham groups. Rats were sacrificed 48 h after the last intervention session, and the prostate tissue was isolated to measure the levels of NF-kB, COX-2, and p53. RESULTS The NF-kB level in CCt group was increased significantly compared to the healthy control (P = 0.02). In the CTr group, NF-kB level was decreased significantly compared to the CCt and CEx groups (P = 0.001 and 0.05, respectively). In addition, the levels of P53 protein were reduced in CTr, CEx, and CTr + CEx groups compared to CCt group (P = 0.001, 0.02 and 0.004, respectively). No significant changes were found in the level of COX-2 between groups. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a long-term exercise training combined with the intake of green tea extract may reduce levels of NF-kB and p53 in rats with prostate cancer. Given the importance of recognizing complementary therapies in this regard, future studies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saber Saedmocheshi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, IRAN
| | - Marziyeh Saghebjoo
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, IRAN
| | - Zakaria Vahabzadeh
- Liver and Digestive Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IRAN.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IRAN
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pachi VK, Mikropoulou EV, Gkiouvetidis P, Siafakas K, Argyropoulou A, Angelis A, Mitakou S, Halabalaki M. Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Chios mastic gum (Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia, Anacardiaceae): A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 254:112485. [PMID: 32092498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chios mastic gum constitutes a unique Greek product, produced exclusively in the southern part of the island of Chios. References about its use from local populations for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders or as a cosmetic agent can even be encountered in ancient texts of Galen, Theophrastus and Dioscorides. Nowadays, this versatile resin has been rediscovered, not only as a traditional remedy and aromatic agent, but as a potent phytotherapeutic product with various biological properties. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to quote the summation of the ethnopharmacology, phytochemical profile and pharmacological properties of the resin of Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia and thus provide the scientific community with a summary of the research conducted so far. Furthermore, perspectives and uses are being discussed and studied so as to broaden the field of its applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive review of the literature on Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia was performed using as resources scientific databases such as Scopus, Sciencedirect, Pubmed and Web of science, studies and traditional books provided by the Chios Mastiha Growers Association as well as PhD and Master' s theses. RESULTS Chios mastic gum has been used as a traditional medicine over the last 2500 years. More than 120 chemical compounds have been identified in the resin and the major components are a natural polymer, acidic and neutral triterpenes and volatile secondary metabolites. Several plant extracts and compounds have been studied for their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-ulcer, anti-diabetic, cardioprotective and anti-cancer properties in vitro and in vivo. Clinical interventions and trials have also showed the therapeutic potential of Chios mastic gum. In 2015 Pistacia lentiscus L., resin (mastic) was recognized as a herbal medicinal product with traditional use by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) with two therapeutic indications (mild dyspeptic disorders & skin inflammation/healing of minor wounds). Over the last years, Chios mastic gum is widely involved in medicinal products, food supplements and cosmetics and has become object of study, also in the field of Pharmacotechnology. CONCLUSIONS Chios mastic's beneficial properties have been demonstrated in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, wound healing, skin inflammations, plasma lipid and blood sugar reduction and oral care. These properties are attributed to triterpenes and volatile compounds. However, because of the resin's chemical complexity and the lack of commercial standards for its main compounds, there is a notable gap in literature concerning the biological evaluation of CMG's isolated components. Therefore, future research should focus on the development of efficient extraction, isolation and analysis techniques in order to unravel CMG's full pharmacological potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki K Pachi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni V Mikropoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Gkiouvetidis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Siafakas
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Argyropoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolis Angelis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Mitakou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Regulation of FKBP51 and FKBP52 functions by post-translational modifications. Biochem Soc Trans 2020; 47:1815-1831. [PMID: 31754722 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
FKBP51 and FKBP52 are two iconic members of the family of peptidyl-prolyl-(cis/trans)-isomerases (EC: 5.2.1.8), which comprises proteins that catalyze the cis/trans isomerization of peptidyl-prolyl peptide bonds in unfolded and partially folded polypeptide chains and native state proteins. Originally, both proteins have been studied as molecular chaperones belonging to the steroid receptor heterocomplex, where they were first discovered. In addition to their expected role in receptor folding and chaperoning, FKBP51 and FKBP52 are also involved in many biological processes, such as signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, protein transport, cancer development, and cell differentiation, just to mention a few examples. Recent studies have revealed that both proteins are subject of post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, SUMOlyation, and acetylation. In this work, we summarize recent advances in the study of these immunophilins portraying them as scaffolding proteins capable to organize protein heterocomplexes, describing some of their antagonistic properties in the physiology of the cell, and the putative regulation of their properties by those post-translational modifications.
Collapse
|
15
|
To PK, Do MH, Cho YS, Kwon SY, Kim MS, Jung C. Zinc Inhibits Expression of Androgen Receptor to Suppress Growth of Prostate Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3062. [PMID: 30297600 PMCID: PMC6213098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The prostate gland contains a high level of intracellular zinc, which is dramatically diminished during prostate cancer (PCa) development. Owing to the unclear role of zinc in this process, therapeutic applications using zinc are limited. This study aimed to clarify the role of zinc and its underlying mechanism in the growth of PCa. ZnCl₂ suppressed the proliferation of androgen receptor (AR)-retaining PCa cells, whereas it did not affect AR-deficient PCa cells. In LNCaP and TRAMP-C2 cells, zinc downregulated the expression of AR in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Zinc-mediated AR suppression accordingly inhibited the androgen-mediated transactivation and expression of the androgen target, prostate specific antigen (PSA). This phenomenon resulted from facilitated protein degradation, not transcriptional control. In studies using mice bearing TRAMP-C2 subcutaneous tumors, the intraperitoneal injection of zinc significantly reduced tumor size. Analyses of both xenograft tumors and normal prostates showed reduced expression of AR and increased cell death. Considering the significant loss of intracellular zinc and the dominant growth-modulating role of AR during PCa development, loss of zinc may be a critical step in the transformation of normal cells to cancer cells. This study provides the underlying mechanism by which zinc functions as a PCa suppressor, and forms the foundation for developing zinc-mediated therapeutics for PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Kim To
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Manh-Hung Do
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Young-Suk Cho
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Se-Young Kwon
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| | - Min Soo Kim
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Chaeyong Jung
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rajasinghe LD, Pindiprolu RH, Gupta SV. Delta-tocotrienol inhibits non-small-cell lung cancer cell invasion via the inhibition of NF-κB, uPA activator, and MMP-9. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4301-4314. [PMID: 30100736 PMCID: PMC6065470 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s160163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Delta-tocotrienol (δT), an isomer of vitamin E, exhibits anticancer properties in different cancer types including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Yet, anti-invasive effects of δT and its underlying cellular mechanism in NSCLC have not been fully explored. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9)-based cell migration and invasion are critical cellular mechanisms in cancer development. The current evidence indicates that MMP-9 is upregulated in most patients, and the inhibition of MMPs is involved in decreasing invasion and metastasis in NSCLC. Therefore, its suppression is a promising strategy for attenuating cell invasion and metastasis processes in NSCLC. Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of MMP-9 inhibition as the underlying mechanism behind the antimetastatic properties of δT on NSCLC cells. Methods The effects of δT on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, adhesion, and aggregation capabilities were investigated using different cell-based assays. An inhibitory effect of MMP-9 enzyme activity with δT was also identified using gel zymography. Using real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, a number of cellular proteins, regulatory genes, and miRNA involved in the Notch-1 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)-mediated MMP-9 pathways were examined. Results The study found that δT inhibited cell proliferation, cell migration, invasion, aggregation, and adhesion in a concentration-dependent manner and reduced MMP-9 activities. Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis data revealed that δT increased miR-451 expressions and downregulated Notch-1-mediated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), which led to the repressed expression of MMP-9 and uPA proteins. Conclusion δT attenuated tumor invasion and metastasis by the repression of MMP-9/uPA via downregulation of Notch-1 and NF-κB pathways and upregulation of miR-451. The data suggest that δT may have potential therapeutic benefit against NSCLC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rohini H Pindiprolu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA,
| | - Smiti Vaid Gupta
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang J, Lin H, Wang XY, Zhang DQ, Chen JX, Zhuang Y, Zheng XL. Predictive value of microRNA-143 in evaluating the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2018; 19:257-262. [PMID: 28436387 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to evaluate the predictive value of microRNA-143 (miR-143) for the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Between October 2010 and October 2012, 131 HCC patients were selected as a case group; meanwhile, 122 healthy controls were enrolled as a control group. The miR-143 expression in serum was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). These HCC patients were divided into the high miR-143 expression group and the low miR-143 expression group based on the threshold of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to analyze the prognosis of HCC patients. RESULTS MiR-143 exhibited decreased expression in the case group significantly compared to the control group. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity value and specificity value of the miR-143 expression for the diagnosis of HCC were 0.831, 80.30% and 82.40%, respectively. The miR-143 expression was negatively correlated with vascular invasion, TNM staging, tumor recurrence, metastasis and survival of HCC patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that miR-143 may be negatively correlated with the prognosis of HCC and provides a promising strategy for HCC treatment and prognosis improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Central Hospital of Linyi City, Linyi 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Linyi City, Liny 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Central Hospital of Linyi City, Linyi 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Dong-Qin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Central Hospital of Linyi City, Linyi 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Xia Chen
- Department of Reproduction, The Central Hospital of Linyi City, Liny 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Nephrology, The Central Hospital of Linyi City, Liny 276400, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Central Hospital of Linyi City, Linyi 276400, Shandong, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Qujing Medical College, Qujing 655000, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
SUMOylation of TBL1 and TBLR1 promotes androgen-independent prostate cancer cell growth. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41110-41122. [PMID: 27129164 PMCID: PMC5173046 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is strongly associated with prostate cancer pathogenesis. Transducin β-like protein (TBL1) and Transducin β-like 1X-linked receptor 1 (TBLR1) have been identified recently as a coactivator for NF-κB-mediated transcription; however, the underlying mechanism by which TBL1 and TBLR1 activate NF-κB function during inflammation remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that cytokine production is significantly elevated in androgen-independent PC-3 prostate cancer cells compared with androgen-dependent LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Elevated cytokine production positively correlates with the TBL1 and TBLR1 SUMOylation level in PC-3 cells. We show that both TBL1 and TBLR1 are SUMOylated in response to TNF-α treatment, and this increases formation of the TBL1-TBLR1-NF-κB complex, which leads to NF-κB-mediated transcriptional activation of cytokine gene expression. Conversely, SENP1-mediated deSUMOylation of TBL1 and TBLR1 inhibits NF-κB-target gene expression by dissociating TBL1 and TBLR1 from the nuclear hormone receptor corepressor (NCoR) complex. TBL1 knockdown substantially suppresses inflammatory signaling and PC-3 cell proliferation. Collectively, these results suggest that targeted SUMOylation of TBL1 and TBLR1 may be a useful strategy for therapeutic treatment of androgen-independent prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
19
|
Delivery of the gene encoding the tumor suppressor Sef into prostate tumors by therapeutic-ultrasound inhibits both tumor angiogenesis and growth. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15060. [PMID: 29118380 PMCID: PMC5678190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinomas constitute over 80% of all human cancer types with no effective therapy for metastatic disease. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, the efficacy of therapeutic-ultrasound (TUS) to deliver a human tumor suppressor gene, hSef-b, to prostate tumors in vivo. Sef is downregulated in various human carcinomas, in a manner correlating with tumor aggressiveness. In vitro, hSef-b inhibited proliferation of TRAMP C2 cells and attenuated activation of ERK/MAPK and the master transcription factor NF-κB in response to FGF and IL-1/TNF, respectively. In vivo, transfection efficiency of a plasmid co-expressing hSef-b/eGFP into TRAMP C2 tumors was 14.7 ± 2.5% following a single TUS application. Repeated TUS treatments with hSef-b plasmid, significantly suppressed prostate tumor growth (60%) through inhibition of cell proliferation (60%), and reduction in blood vessel density (56%). In accordance, repeated TUS-treatments with hSef-b significantly inhibited in vivo expression of FGF2 and MMP-9. FGF2 is a known mitogen, and both FGF2/MMP-9 are proangiogenic factors. Taken together our results strongly suggest that hSef-b acts in a cell autonomous as well as non-cell autonomous manner. Moreover, the study demonstrates the efficacy of non-viral TUS-based hSef-b gene delivery approach for the treatment of prostate cancer tumors, and possibly other carcinomas where Sef is downregulated.
Collapse
|
20
|
Egan SM, Karasik E, Ellis L, Gollnick SO. miR-30e* is overexpressed in prostate cancer and promotes NF-κB-mediated proliferation and tumor growth. Oncotarget 2017; 8:67626-67638. [PMID: 28978058 PMCID: PMC5620198 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the CDC prostate cancer (CaP) has the highest incidence and second highest mortality rate amongst cancers in American men. Constitutive NF-κB activation is a hallmark of CaP and this pathway drives many pro-tumorigenic characteristics of CaP cells, including cell proliferation and survival. An activated NF-κB gene signature is predictive of CaP progression and biochemical recurrence following therapeutic intervention. However, the mechanisms that perpetuate NF-κB activation are incompletely understood. Genes that control NF-κB activity are rarely mutated in CaP suggesting that epigenetic mechanisms may contribute to constitutive NF-κB activation. microRNAs (miRs) epigenetically regulate many genes involved with NF-κB activation. IκBα is a direct inhibitor of NF-κB; it binds to and sequesters NF-κB in the cytoplasm resulting in functional inhibition. IκBα is a target gene of miR-30e* yet the expression and oncological impact of miR-30e* in CaP is unknown. We report that miR-30e* expression is elevated in multiple murine models of CaP and is most pronounced in late stage disease. miR-30e* drives CaP proliferation and tumor growth through inhibition of IκBα, which results in chronic activation of NF-κB. Additionally, we show that inhibition of miR-30e* improves chemotherapeutic control of CaP. Thus, miR-30e* may prove to be a novel clinical target whose inhibition leads to decreased CaP cell proliferation and sensitization of CaP cells to chemotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M. Egan
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| | - Ellen Karasik
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sandra O. Gollnick
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yang Z, Zeng B, Wang C, Wang H, Huang P, Pan Y. MicroRNA-124 alleviates chronic skin inflammation in atopic eczema via suppressing innate immune responses in keratinocytes. Cell Immunol 2017; 319:53-60. [PMID: 28847568 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic skin inflammation in atopic eczema is associated with elevated expression of proinflammatory genes and activation of innate immune responses in keratinocytes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, single-stranded RNA molecules that silence genes via the degradation of target mRNAs or inhibition of translation. Recent studies have demonstrated that miR-124 is associated with regulation of inflammation factors in several diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-124 in skin inflammation of atopic eczema. We showed that miR-124 expression is decreased in chronic lesional skin of patients with atopic eczema, and could be strongly inhibited by IFN-γ and TNF-α. Through Western blot, real-time PCR and luciferase assays, we revealed that miR-124 inhibited the expression of p65, a member of NF-κB family which can regulate many factors involved in the immune response and inflammatory reactions, through direct targeting. Further, upon IFN-γ or TNF-α stimulation, IL8, CCL5 and CCL8 showed to be significantly upregulated by IFN-γ or TNF-α, downregulated by miR-124; the promotive effect of IFN-γ and TNF-α could be partially reversed by miR-124. The levels of IL8, CCL5 and CCL8 could be significantly downregulated by p65 knockdown, upregulated by miR-124 inhibition; the suppressive effect of p65 knockdown could be partially reversed by miR-124. Moreover, contrary to miR-124, p65, IL8, CCL5 and CCL8 mRNA expression was upregulated in chronic lesional skin of patients with atopic eczema, and all inversely correlated with miR-124. Taken together, our data demonstrate that miR-124 controls NF-κB-dependent inflammatory responses in keratinocytes and chronic skin inflammation in atopic eczema; rescuing miR-124 expression presents a promising strategy for atopic eczema treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China
| | - Bijun Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China.
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China
| | - Haizhen Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China
| | - Pan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan Province 410005, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dasari C, Yaghnam DP, Walther R, Ummanni R. Tumor protein D52 (isoform 3) contributes to prostate cancer cell growth via targeting nuclear factor-κB transactivation in LNCaP cells. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698382. [PMID: 28466782 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study showed that TPD52 overexpression could increase migration and proliferation of LNCaP cells contributing to the development of prostate cancer. However, mechanism of TPD52 in prostate cancer initiation and progression remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the possible underlying mechanism of TPD52 in prostate cancer progression. In LNCaP cells, TPD52 expression was altered by transfecting with either EGFP-TPD52 or specific short hairpin RNA. Overexpression of TPD52 protected LNCaP cells from apoptosis through elevated anti-apoptotic proteins XIAP, Bcl-2, and Cyclin D1, whereas Bax was downregulated. Mechanistically, we found that TPD52 confers transactivation of nuclear factor-κB, thereby enhancing its target gene expression in LNCaP cells. TPD52 promotes LNCaP cell invasion probably via increased matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression and its activity while tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase expression is significantly downregulated. Notably, TPD52 might be involved in cell adhesion, promoting tumor metastasis by inducing loss of E-cadherin, expression of vimentin and vascular cell adhesion molecule, and additionally activation of focal adhesion kinase. Furthermore, TPD52 directly interacts with nuclear factor-κB p65 (RelA) and promotes accumulation of phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (p65)S536 that is directly linked with nuclear factor-κB transactivation. Indeed, depletion of TPD52 or inhibition of nuclear factor-κB in TPD52-positive cells inhibited secretion of tumor-related cytokines and contributes to the activation of STAT3, nuclear factor-κB, and Akt. Interestingly, in TPD52 overexpressing LNCaP cells, nuclear factor-κB inhibition prevented the autocrine/paracrine activation of STAT3. TPD52 activates STAT3 through ascertaining a cross talk between the nuclear factor-κB and the STAT3 signaling systems. Collectively, these results reveal mechanism by which TPD52 is associated with prostate cancer progression and highlight the approach for therapeutic targeting of TPD52 in prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandrashekhar Dasari
- 1 Center for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India.,2 Centre for Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Dattu Prasad Yaghnam
- 1 Center for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Reinhard Walther
- 3 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ramesh Ummanni
- 1 Center for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mancha-Ramirez AM, Slaga TJ. Ursolic Acid and Chronic Disease: An Overview of UA's Effects On Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 928:75-96. [PMID: 27671813 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic diseases pose a worldwide problem and are only continuing to increase in incidence. Two major factors contributing to the increased incidence in chronic disease are a lack of physical activity and poor diet. As the link between diet and lifestyle and the increased incidence of chronic disease has been well established in the literature, novel preventive, and therapeutic methods should be aimed at naturally derived compounds such as ursolic acid (UA), the focus of this chapter. As chronic diseases, obesity and cancer share the common thread of inflammation and dysregulation of many related pathways, the focus here will be on these two chronic diseases. Significant evidence in the literature supports an important role for natural compounds such as UA in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases like obesity and cancer, and here we have highlighted many of the ways UA has been shown to be a beneficial and versatile phytochemical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Mancha-Ramirez
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Thomas J Slaga
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu VWS, Yau WL, Tam CW, Yao KM, Shiu SYW. Melatonin Inhibits Androgen Receptor Splice Variant-7 (AR-V7)-Induced Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) Activation and NF-κB Activator-Induced AR-V7 Expression in Prostate Cancer Cells: Potential Implications for the Use of Melatonin in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1130. [PMID: 28561752 PMCID: PMC5485954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A major current challenge in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, which can be initially controlled by medical or surgical castration, is the development of effective, safe, and affordable therapies against progression of the disease to the stage of castration resistance. Here, we showed that in LNCaP and 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells transiently overexpressing androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was activated and could result in up-regulated interleukin (IL)-6 gene expression, indicating a positive interaction between AR-V7 expression and activated NF-κB/IL-6 signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) pathogenesis. Importantly, both AR-V7-induced NF-κB activation and IL-6 gene transcription in LNCaP and 22Rv1 cells could be inhibited by melatonin. Furthermore, stimulation of AR-V7 mRNA expression in LNCaP cells by betulinic acid, a pharmacological NF-κB activator, was reduced by melatonin treatment. Our data support the presence of bi-directional positive interactions between AR-V7 expression and NF-κB activation in CRPC pathogenesis. Of note, melatonin, by inhibiting NF-κB activation via the previously-reported MT₁ receptor-mediated antiproliferative pathway, can disrupt these bi-directional positive interactions between AR-V7 and NF-κB and thereby delay the development of castration resistance in advanced prostate cancer. Apparently, this therapeutic potential of melatonin in advanced prostate cancer/CRPC management is worth translation in the clinic via combined androgen depletion and melatonin repletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wing Lung Yau
- Division of Nursing and Health Studies, School of Science and Technology, Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chun Wai Tam
- Division of Nursing and Health Studies, School of Science and Technology, Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kwok-Ming Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Trejo-Solis C, Alvarez-Lemus MA, Jiménez-Farfán D, Anaya-Rubio I, López-González R, Palencia G, Frías-Márquez DM, González-García G, Rubio-Osornio C, Calvillo-Velasco M, Márquez-Chablé G. In vitro evaluation of apoptotic effect of bis(acetylacetonato-k 2 O,O')(1,10-phenanthroline-k 2 N,N')Zn(II) complex. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 89:529-537. [PMID: 27696716 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Phenanthroline derivatives have been reported as potential bioactive compounds because of their ability to interact with DNA. To evaluate the antiproliferative effect of bis(acetylacetonate-k2 O,O)(1,10-phenanthroline-k2 N,N)Zn(II) or Zn(acac)2 (phen) complex, the compound was obtained in a simple manner and further characterized to determine crystal structure, thermal behavior, morphology, and spectroscopic properties. The structure of the complex was confirmed by X-ray single structure as well as by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in dmso-d6 (dimethyl sulfoxide) solution and in the solid state by 13C CP/MAS. Although preparation of this compound has been described previously, there are no reports on its biological activity; here, we assessed its antiproliferative effect on fibroblasts, A253, FaDu, Cal-27, RH-30, RD, U-373, C6, A-549, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines at different doses (50-100 and 150 μg/ml). The cell viability was determined by MTT assay and high activity was observed for the most of the cell lines, and TUNEL results showed the induction of apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Trejo-Solis
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "M.V.S", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mayra A Alvarez-Lemus
- Academic Division of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Tabasco, México
| | | | - Isabel Anaya-Rubio
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "M.V.S", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosendo López-González
- Academic Division of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Tabasco, México
| | - Guadalupe Palencia
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "M.V.S", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dora M Frías-Márquez
- Academic Division of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Tabasco, México
| | | | - Carmen Rubio-Osornio
- Neurophysiology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "M.V.S", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Minerva Calvillo-Velasco
- Experimental Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "M.V.S", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Márquez-Chablé
- Academic Division of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Tabasco, México
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zheng J, Lee HL, Ham YW, Song HS, Song MJ, Hong JT. Anti-cancer effect of bee venom on colon cancer cell growth by activation of death receptors and inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B. Oncotarget 2016; 6:44437-51. [PMID: 26561202 PMCID: PMC4792567 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee venom (BV) has been used as a traditional medicine to treat arthritis, rheumatism, back pain, cancerous tumors, and skin diseases. However, the effects of BV on the colon cancer and their action mechanisms have not been reported yet. We used cell viability assay and soft agar colony formation assay for testing cell viability, electro mobility shift assay for detecting DNA binding activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and Western blotting assay for detection of apoptosis regulatory proteins. We found that BV inhibited growth of colon cancer cells through induction of apoptosis. We also found that the expression of death receptor (DR) 4, DR5, p53, p21, Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-8, and cleaved caspase-9 was increased by BV treatment in a dose dependent manner (0–5 μg/ml). Consistent with cancer cell growth inhibition, the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was also inhibited by BV treatment. Besides, we found that BV blocked NF-κB activation by directly binding to NF-κB p50 subunit. Moreover, combination treatment with BV and p50 siRNA or NF-κB inhibitor augmented BV-induced cell growth inhibition. However, p50 mutant plasmid (C62S) transfection partially abolished BV-induced cell growth inhibiton. In addition, BV significantly suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Therefore, these results suggested that BV could inhibit colon cancer cell growth, and these anti-proliferative effects may be related to the induction of apoptosis by activation of DR4 and DR5 and inhibition of NF-κB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea
| | - Hye Lim Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea
| | - Young Wan Ham
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84508, USA
| | - Ho Sueb Song
- College of Oriental Medicine, Kyungwon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggii 461-701, South Korea
| | - Min Jong Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-723, South Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zheng J, Park MH, Son DJ, Choi MG, Choi JS, Nam KT, Kim HD, Rodriguez K, Gann B, Ham YW, Han SB, Hong JT. (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)allyl)-2-methoxyphenol inhibits growth of colon tumors in mice. Oncotarget 2016; 6:41929-43. [PMID: 26474284 PMCID: PMC4747199 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we found that (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal showed anti-cancer effect, but it showed lack of stability and drug likeness. We have prepared several (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal analogues by Heck reaction. We selected two compounds which showed significant inhibitory effect of colon cancer cell growth. Thus, we evaluated the anti-cancer effects and possible mechanisms of one compound (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)allyl)-2-methoxyphenol in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we found that (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)allyl)-2-methoxyphenol induced apoptotic cell death in a dose dependent manner (0-15 μg/ml) through activation of Fas and death receptor (DR) 3 in HCT116 and SW480 colon cancer cell lines. Moreover, the combination treatment with (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)allyl)-2-methoxyphenol and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibitor, phenylarsine oxide (0.1 μM) or signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor, Stattic (50 μM) increased the expression of Fas and DR3 more significantly. In addition, (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)allyl)-2-methoxyphenol suppressed the DNA binding activity of both STAT3 and NF-κB. Knock down of STAT3 or NF-κB p50 subunit by STAT3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) or p50 siRNA magnified (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)allyl)-2-methoxyphenol-induced inhibitory effect on colon cancer cell growth. Besides, the expression of Fas and DR3 was increased in STAT3 siRNA or p50 siRNA transfected cells. Moreover, docking model and pull-down assay showed that (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)allyl)-2-methoxyphenol directly bound to STAT3 and NF-κB p50 subunit. Furthermore, (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)allyl)-2-methoxyphenol inhibited colon tumor growth in a dose dependent manner (2.5 mg/kg-5 mg/kg) in mice. Therefore, these findings indicated that (E)-4-(3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)allyl)-2-methoxyphenol may be a promising anti-cancer agent for colon cancer with more advanced research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ju Son
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Gi Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Soon Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Tak Nam
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Deun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kevin Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT, USA
| | - Benjamin Gann
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT, USA
| | - Young Wan Ham
- Department of Chemistry, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT, USA
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shetty A, Dasari S, Banerjee S, Gheewala T, Zheng G, Chen A, Kajdacsy-Balla A, Bosland MC, Munirathinam G. Hepatoma-derived growth factor: A survival-related protein in prostate oncogenesis and a potential target for vitamin K2. Urol Oncol 2016; 34:483.e1-483.e8. [PMID: 27692835 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is a heparin-binding growth factor, which has previously been shown to be expressed in a variety of cancers. HDGF overexpression has also previously been correlated with a poor prognosis in several cancers. The significance of HDGF in prostate cancer, however, has not been investigated. Here, we show that HDGF is overexpressed in both androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells and androgen-insensitive DU145, 22RV1, and PC-3 cells. Forced overexpression enhanced cell viability of RWPE-1 cells, whereas HDGF knockdown reduced cell proliferation in human prostate cancer cells. We also show that HDGF may serve as a survival-related protein as ectopic overexpression of HDGF in RWPE cells up-regulated the expression of antiapoptosis proteins cyclin E and BCL-2, whereas simultaneously down-regulating proapoptotic protein BAX. Western blot analysis also showed that HDGF overexpression modulated the activity of phospho-AKT as well as NF-kB, and these results correlated with in vitro migration and invasion assays. We next assessed the therapeutic potential of HDGF inhibition with a HDGF monoclonal antibody and vitamin k2, showing reduced cell proliferation as well as inhibition of NF-kB expression in HDGF overexpressed RWPE cells treated with a HDGF monoclonal antibody and vitamin K2. Collectively, our results suggest that HDGF is a relevant protein in prostate oncogenesis and may serve as a potential therapeutic target in prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Shetty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL
| | - Subramanyam Dasari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL
| | - Souresh Banerjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL
| | - Taher Gheewala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL
| | - Guoxing Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL
| | - Aoshuang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL
| | | | - Maarten C Bosland
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kumar M, Kaur V, Kumar S, Kaur S. Phytoconstituents as apoptosis inducing agents: strategy to combat cancer. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:531-63. [PMID: 26239338 PMCID: PMC4960184 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-015-9897-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancement in the field of cancer molecular biology has aided researchers to develop various new chemopreventive agents which can target cancer cells exclusively. Cancer chemopreventive agents have proficiency to inhibit, reverse and delay process of carcinogenesis during its early and later course. Chemopreventive agents can act as antioxidative, antimutagenic/antigenotoxic, anti-inflammatory agents or via aiming various molecular targets in a cell to induce cell death. Apoptosis is a kind of cell death which shows various cellular morphological alterations such as cell shrinkage, blebbing of membrane, chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, formation of apoptotic bodies etc. Nowadays, apoptosis is being one of the new approaches for the identification and development of novel anticancer therapies. For centuries, plants are known to play part in daily routine from providing food to management of human health. In the last two decades, diverse phytochemicals and various botanical formulations have been characterized as agents that possess potential to execute cancer cells via inducing apoptosis. Data obtained from the research carried out globally pointed out that natural products are the potential candidates which have capability to combat cancer. In the present review, we surveyed literature on natural products which throws light on the mechanism through which these phytochemicals induce apoptosis in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Varinder Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
WANG JIE, YI SUQIN, ZHOU JUN, ZHANG YOUTAO, GUO FENG. The NF-κB subunit RelB regulates the migration and invasion abilities and the radio-sensitivity of prostate cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:381-92. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
31
|
Liu P, He K, Song H, Ma Z, Yin W, Xu LX. Deferoxamine-induced increase in the intracellular iron levels in highly aggressive breast cancer cells leads to increased cell migration by enhancing TNF-α-dependent NF-κB signaling and TGF-β signaling. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 160:40-8. [PMID: 27138103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that excess iron accumulation may be a risk factor for breast cancer. However the role of iron in breast cancer metastasis has remained unclear. The major goal of our study is to investigate the roles of iron in breast cancer metastasis. We modulated the intracellular iron levels of human breast cancer cells, including the aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells and non-aggressive MCF-7 cells, by using Deferoxamine (DFO) - a most widely used iron chelator. We found that DFO treatment could deplete intracellular iron in MCF-7 cells. In contrast, DFO treatment led to a significant increase in the intracellular iron level in MDA-MB-231 cells. The MDA-MB-231 cells with the increased intracellular iron level exhibited increases in both mesenchymal markers and cell migration. Furthermore, the DFO-treated MDA-MB-231 cells showed increases in both tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling, which could contribute to the enhanced cell migration. Collectively, our study has provided the first evidence suggesting that increased intracellular iron levels could lead to enhanced migration of aggressive breast cancer cells by increasing TNF-α-dependent NF-κB signaling and TGF-β signaling. Our study has also suggested that caution should be taken when DFO is applied for treating breast cancer cells, since DFO could produce differential effects on the intracellular iron levels for aggressive breast cancer cells and non-aggressive breast cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liu
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun He
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjiao Song
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhufeng Ma
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihai Yin
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisa X Xu
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Börnigen D, Tyekucheva S, Wang X, Rider JR, Lee GS, Mucci LA, Sweeney C, Huttenhower C. Computational Reconstruction of NFκB Pathway Interaction Mechanisms during Prostate Cancer. PLoS Comput Biol 2016; 12:e1004820. [PMID: 27078000 PMCID: PMC4831844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular research in cancer is one of the largest areas of bioinformatic investigation, but it remains a challenge to understand biomolecular mechanisms in cancer-related pathways from high-throughput genomic data. This includes the Nuclear-factor-kappa-B (NFκB) pathway, which is central to the inflammatory response and cell proliferation in prostate cancer development and progression. Despite close scrutiny and a deep understanding of many of its members’ biomolecular activities, the current list of pathway members and a systems-level understanding of their interactions remains incomplete. Here, we provide the first steps toward computational reconstruction of interaction mechanisms of the NFκB pathway in prostate cancer. We identified novel roles for ATF3, CXCL2, DUSP5, JUNB, NEDD9, SELE, TRIB1, and ZFP36 in this pathway, in addition to new mechanistic interactions between these genes and 10 known NFκB pathway members. A newly predicted interaction between NEDD9 and ZFP36 in particular was validated by co-immunoprecipitation, as was NEDD9's potential biological role in prostate cancer cell growth regulation. We combined 651 gene expression datasets with 1.4M gene product interactions to predict the inclusion of 40 additional genes in the pathway. Molecular mechanisms of interaction among pathway members were inferred using recent advances in Bayesian data integration to simultaneously provide information specific to biological contexts and individual biomolecular activities, resulting in a total of 112 interactions in the fully reconstructed NFκB pathway: 13 (11%) previously known, 29 (26%) supported by existing literature, and 70 (63%) novel. This method is generalizable to other tissue types, cancers, and organisms, and this new information about the NFκB pathway will allow us to further understand prostate cancer and to develop more effective prevention and treatment strategies. In molecular research in cancer it remains challenging to uncover biomolecular mechanisms in cancer-related pathways from high-throughput genomic data, including the Nuclear-factor-kappa-B (NFκB) pathway. Despite close scrutiny and a deep understanding of many of the NFκB pathway members’ biomolecular activities, the current list of pathway members and a systems-level understanding of their interactions remains incomplete. In this study, we provide the first steps toward computational reconstruction of interaction mechanisms of the NFκB pathway in prostate cancer. We identified novel roles for 8 genes in this pathway and new mechanistic interactions between these genes and 10 known pathway members. We combined 651 gene expression datasets with 1.4M interactions to predict the inclusion of 40 additional genes in the pathway. Molecular mechanisms of interaction were inferred using recent advances in Bayesian data integration to simultaneously provide information specific to biological contexts and individual biomolecular activities, resulting in 112 interactions in the fully reconstructed NFκB pathway. This method is generalizable, and this new information about the NFκB pathway will allow us to further understand prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Börnigen
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Svitlana Tyekucheva
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jennifer R Rider
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gwo-Shu Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christopher Sweeney
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Curtis Huttenhower
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Stark T, Livas L, Kyprianou N. Inflammation in prostate cancer progression and therapeutic targeting. Transl Androl Urol 2016; 4:455-63. [PMID: 26816843 PMCID: PMC4708587 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4683.2015.04.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation contributes to the onset and progression of human cancer, via modifications in the tumor microenvironment by remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM) and initiating epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). At the biological level, chronically inflamed cells release cytokines that are functionally dictating a constitutively active stroma, promoting tumor growth and metastasis. In prostate cancer, inflammation correlates with increased development of “risk factor” lesions or proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA). Chronic inflammation in benign prostate biopsy specimens can be associated with high-grade prostate tumors in adjacent areas. In this article, we discuss the current understanding of the incidence of inflammation in prostate cancer progression and the significance of the process in therapeutic targeting of specific inflammatory signaling pathways and critical effectors during tumor progression. Further understanding of the process of chronic inflammation in prostate tumor progression to metastasis will enable development and optimization of novel therapeutic modalities for the treatment of high-risk patients with advanced disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Stark
- 1 Department of Urology, 2 Department of Molecular Biochemistry, 3 Department of Pathology, 4 The Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Lydia Livas
- 1 Department of Urology, 2 Department of Molecular Biochemistry, 3 Department of Pathology, 4 The Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Natasha Kyprianou
- 1 Department of Urology, 2 Department of Molecular Biochemistry, 3 Department of Pathology, 4 The Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chappell WH, Abrams SL, Lertpiriyapong K, Fitzgerald TL, Martelli AM, Cocco L, Rakus D, Gizak A, Terrian D, Steelman LS, McCubrey JA. Novel roles of androgen receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, TP53, regulatory RNAs, NF-kappa-B, chromosomal translocations, neutrophil associated gelatinase, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in prostate cancer and prostate cancer stem cells. Adv Biol Regul 2015; 60:64-87. [PMID: 26525204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Approximately one in six men will be diagnosed with some form of prostate cancer in their lifetime. Over 250,000 men worldwide die annually due to complications from prostate cancer. While advancements in prostate cancer screening and therapies have helped in lowering this statistic, better tests and more effective therapies are still needed. This review will summarize the novel roles of the androgen receptor (AR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the EGFRvIII variant, TP53, long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRs), NF-kappa-B, chromosomal translocations, neutrophil associated gelatinase, (NGAL), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), the tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cells (CSC) have on the diagnosis, development and treatment of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William H Chappell
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Stephen L Abrams
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Kvin Lertpiriyapong
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Timothy L Fitzgerald
- Department of Surgery, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Alberto M Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dariusz Rakus
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gizak
- Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - David Terrian
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Linda S Steelman
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cui D, Dai J, Keller JM, Mizokami A, Xia S, Keller ET. Notch Pathway Inhibition Using PF-03084014, a γ-Secretase Inhibitor (GSI), Enhances the Antitumor Effect of Docetaxel in Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2015. [PMID: 26202948 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of Notch signaling inhibition as an adjuvant to docetaxel in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) using a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI), PF-03084014. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The effect of PF-03084014 on response to docetaxel was evaluated in docetaxel-sensitive and docetaxel-resistant CRPC cell lines in vitro and in murine models. Both soft tissue and bone sites were evaluated in vivo. Impacts on cell proliferation, apoptosis, cancer stem cells, and angiogenesis were evaluated. RESULTS The combination of PF-03084014 plus docetaxel reduced both docetaxel-sensitive and docetaxel-resistant CRPC tumor growth in soft tissue and bone greater than either agent alone. Antitumor activity was associated with PF-03084014-induced inhibition of Notch pathway signaling; decreased survival signals (cyclin E; MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, EGFR and NF-κB pathway; BCL-2, BCL-XL); increased apoptotic signals (BAK, BAX; cleaved caspase-3); reduced microvessel density; reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition; and reduced cancer stem-like cells in the tumor. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal that PF-03084014 enhances docetaxel-mediated tumor response and provides a rationale to explore GSIs as adjunct therapy in conjunction with docetaxel for men with CRPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Cui
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Department of Urology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinlu Dai
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jill M Keller
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Shujie Xia
- Department of Urology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Evan T Keller
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Prostate-specific G-protein-coupled receptor collaborates with loss of PTEN to promote prostate cancer progression. Oncogene 2015; 35:1153-62. [PMID: 26028029 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Among frequent events in prostate cancer are loss of the tumor-suppressor phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) and overexpression of prostate-specific G-protein-coupled receptor (PSGR), but the potential tumorigenic synergy between these lesions is unknown. Here, we report a new mouse model (PSGR-Pten(Δ/Δ)) combining prostate-specific loss of Pten with probasin promoter-driven PSGR overexpression. By 12 months PSGR-Pten(Δ/Δ) mice developed invasive prostate tumors featuring Akt activation and extensive inflammatory cell infiltration. PSGR-Pten(Δ/Δ) tumors exhibited E-cadherin loss and increased stromal androgen receptor (AR) expression. PSGR overexpression increased LNCaP proliferation, whereas PSGR short hairpin RNA knockdown inhibited proliferation and migration. In conclusion, we demonstrate that PSGR overexpression synergizes with loss of PTEN to accelerate prostate cancer development, and present a novel bigenic mouse model that mimics the human condition, where both PSGR overexpression and loss of PTEN occur concordantly in the majority of advanced prostate cancers, yielding an environment more relevant to studying human prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
37
|
Functional role of inorganic trace elements in angiogenesis-Part II: Cr, Si, Zn, Cu, and S. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 96:143-55. [PMID: 26088455 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace elements play critical roles in angiogenesis events. The effects of nitrogen, iron, selenium, phosphorus, gold, and calcium were discussed in part I. In part II, we evaluated the effect of chromium, silicon, zinc, copper, and sulfur on different aspects of angiogenesis, with critical roles in healing and regeneration processes, and undeniable roles in tumor growth and cancer therapy. This review is the second of series that serves as an overview of the role of inorganic elements in regulation of angiogenesis and vascular function. The methods of exposure, structure, mechanism, and potential activity of these trace elements are briefly discussed. An electronic search was performed on the role of these trace elements in angiogenesis from January 2005 to April 2014. The recent aspects of the relationship between five different trace elements and their role in regulation of angiogenesis, and homeostasis of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors were assessed. Many studies have investigated the effects and importance of these elements in angiogenesis events. Both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on angiogenesis are observed for the evaluated elements. Chromium can promote angiogenesis in pathological manners. Silicon as silica nanoparticles is anti-angiogenic, while in calcium silicate extracts and bioactive silicate glasses promote angiogenesis. Zinc is an anti-angiogenic agent acting on important genes and growth factors. Copper and sulfur compositions have pro-angiogenic functions by activating pro-angiogenic growth factors and promoting endothelial cells migration, growth, and tube formation. Thus, utilization of these elements may provide a unique opportunity to modulate angiogenesis under various setting.
Collapse
|
38
|
Li D, Du Z, Li C, Liu Y, Goodin S, Huang H, He Y, Zhang Y, Wang H, Zheng X, Zhang K. Potent inhibitory effect of terpenoids from Acanthopanax trifoliatus on growth of PC-3 prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo is associated with suppression of NF-κB and STAT3 signalling. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
|
39
|
Bonavida B. RKIP-mediated chemo-immunosensitization of resistant cancer cells via disruption of the NF-κB/Snail/YY1/RKIP resistance-driver loop. Crit Rev Oncog 2015; 19:431-45. [PMID: 25597353 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2014011929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the most dreadful diseases. Whereas most treatment regimens for various cancers have resulted in improved clinical responses and sometimes cures, unfortunately, subsets of cancer patients are either pretreatment resistant or develop resistance following therapy. These subsets of patients develop cross-resistance to unrelated therapeutics and usually succumb to death. Thus, delineating the underlying molecular mechanisms of resistance of various cancers and identifying molecular targets for intervention are the current main focus of research investigations. One approach to investigate cancer resistance has been to identify pathways that regulate resistance and develop means to disrupt these pathways in order to override resistance and sensitize the resistant cells to cell death. Hence, we have identified one pathway that is dysregulated in cancer, namely, the NF-κB/Snail/YY1/RKIP loop, that has been shown to regulate, in large part, tumor cell resistance to apoptosis by chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic cytotoxic drugs. The dysregulated resistant loop is manifested by the overexpression of NF-κB, Snail, and YY1 activities and the underexpression of RKIP. The induction of RKIP expression results in the downregulation of NF-κB, Snail, and YY1 and the sensitization of resistant cells to drug-induced apoptosis. These findings identified RKIP, in addition to its antiproliferative and metastatic suppressor functions, as an anti-resistance factor. This brief review describes the role of RKIP in the regulation of drug sensitivity via disruption of the NF-κB/Snail/ YY1/RKIP loop that regulates resistance in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Bonavida
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Della Pietra E, Simonella F, Bonavida B, Xodo LE, Rapozzi V. Repeated sub-optimal photodynamic treatments with pheophorbide a induce an epithelial mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells via nitric oxide. Nitric Oxide 2015; 45:43-53. [PMID: 25700664 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved treatment that causes a selective cytotoxic effect in cancer cells. In addition to the production of singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species, PDT can induce the release of nitric oxide (NO) by up-regulating nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Since non-optimal PDT often causes tumor recurrence, understanding the molecular pathways involved in the photoprocess is a challenging task for scientists. The present study has examined the response of the PC3 human metastatic prostate cancer cell line following repeated low-dose pheophorbide a treatments, mimicking non-optimal PDT treatment. The analysis was focused on the NF-kB/YY1/RKIP circuitry as it is (i) dysregulated in cancer cells, (ii) modulated by NO and (iii) correlated with the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). We hypothesized that a repeated treatment of non-optimal PDT induces low levels of NO that lead to cell growth and EMT via the regulation of the above circuitry. The expressions of gene products involved in the circuitry and in EMT were analyzed by western blot. The findings demonstrate the cytoprotective role of NO following non-optimal PDT treatments that was corroborated by the use of L-NAME, an inhibitor of NOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Della Pietra
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesca Simonella
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Benjamin Bonavida
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Luigi Emilio Xodo
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Valentina Rapozzi
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yao F, Liu H, Li Z, Zhong C, Fang W. Down-regulation of LATS2 in non-small cell lung cancer promoted the growth and motility of cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:2049-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2812-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
|
42
|
Erlejman AG, De Leo SA, Mazaira GI, Molinari AM, Camisay MF, Fontana V, Cox MB, Piwien-Pilipuk G, Galigniana MD. NF-κB transcriptional activity is modulated by FK506-binding proteins FKBP51 and FKBP52: a role for peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:26263-26276. [PMID: 25104352 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.582882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hsp90 binding immunophilins FKBP51 and FKBP52 modulate steroid receptor trafficking and hormone-dependent biological responses. With the purpose to expand this model to other nuclear factors that are also subject to nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling, we analyzed whether these immunophilins modulate NF-κB signaling. It is demonstrated that FKBP51 impairs both the nuclear translocation rate of NF-κB and its transcriptional activity. The inhibitory action of FKBP51 requires neither the peptidylprolyl-isomerase activity of the immunophilin nor its association with Hsp90. The TPR domain of FKBP51 is essential. On the other hand, FKBP52 favors the nuclear retention time of RelA, its association to a DNA consensus binding sequence, and NF-κB transcriptional activity, the latter effect being strongly dependent on the peptidylprolyl-isomerase activity and also on the TPR domain of FKBP52, but its interaction with Hsp90 is not required. In unstimulated cells, FKBP51 forms endogenous complexes with cytoplasmic RelA. Upon cell stimulation with phorbol ester, the NF-κB soluble complex exchanges FKBP51 for FKBP52, and the NF-κB biological effect is triggered. Importantly, FKBP52 is functionally recruited to the promoter region of NF-κB target genes, whereas FKBP51 is released. Competition assays demonstrated that both immunophilins antagonize one another, and binding assays with purified proteins suggest that the association of RelA and immunophilins could be direct. These observations suggest that the biological action of NF-κB in different cell types could be positively regulated by a high FKBP52/FKBP51 expression ratio by favoring NF-κB nuclear retention, recruitment to the promoter regions of target genes, and transcriptional activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra G Erlejman
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de Química Biológica de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1428ADN Argentina
| | - Sonia A De Leo
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de Química Biológica de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1428ADN Argentina
| | - Gisela I Mazaira
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de Química Biológica de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1428ADN Argentina
| | - Alejandro M Molinari
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de Química Biológica de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1428ADN Argentina
| | - María Fernanda Camisay
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de Química Biológica de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1428ADN Argentina
| | - Vanina Fontana
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de Química Biológica de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1428ADN Argentina
| | - Marc B Cox
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas, El Paso, Texas 79968
| | - Graciela Piwien-Pilipuk
- Laboratorio de Arquitectura Nuclear, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental/CONICET, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina, and
| | - Mario D Galigniana
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Instituto de Química Biológica de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, C1428ADN Argentina,; Laboratorio de Receptores Nucleares, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental/CONICET, Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Saha A, Blando J, Silver E, Beltran L, Sessler J, DiGiovanni J. 6-Shogaol from dried ginger inhibits growth of prostate cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo through inhibition of STAT3 and NF-κB signaling. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:627-38. [PMID: 24691500 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Despite much recent progress, prostate cancer continues to represent a major cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity in men. Prostate cancer is the most common nonskin neoplasm and second leading cause of death in men. 6-Shogaol (6-SHO), a potent bioactive compound in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity. In the present study, the effect of 6-SHO on the growth of prostate cancer cells was investigated. 6-SHO effectively reduced survival and induced apoptosis of cultured human (LNCaP, DU145, and PC3) and mouse (HMVP2) prostate cancer cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that 6-SHO reduced constitutive and interleukin (IL)-6-induced STAT3 activation and inhibited both constitutive and TNF-α-induced NF-κB activity in these cells. In addition, 6-SHO decreased the level of several STAT3 and NF-κB-regulated target genes at the protein level, including cyclin D1, survivin, and cMyc and modulated mRNA levels of chemokine, cytokine, cell cycle, and apoptosis regulatory genes (IL-7, CCL5, BAX, BCL2, p21, and p27). 6-SHO was more effective than two other compounds found in ginger, 6-gingerol, and 6-paradol at reducing survival of prostate cancer cells and reducing STAT3 and NF-κB signaling. 6-SHO also showed significant tumor growth inhibitory activity in an allograft model using HMVP2 cells. Overall, the current results suggest that 6-SHO may have potential as a chemopreventive and/or therapeutic agent for prostate cancer and that further study of this compound is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achinto Saha
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute; and Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Jorge Blando
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute; and Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Eric Silver
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute; and Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Linda Beltran
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute; and Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Jonathan Sessler
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute; and Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Authors' Affiliations: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute; and Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TexasAuthors' Affiliations: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute; and Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Peng Q, Liu H, Shi S, Li M. Lycium ruthenicum polysaccharide attenuates inflammation through inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 67:330-5. [PMID: 24680899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharide has been reported to possess diverse biological activities, however, the inflammatory activity of polysaccharide isolated from Lycium ruthenicum remains unknown so far. In the present study, we investigated the effects of L. ruthenicum polysaccharide (LRGP3) on inflammatory reaction induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells and some potential underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that LRGP3 treatment significantly inhibited the LPS-induced NO production and the mRNA expression of iNOS, as well as the level of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Furthermore, LRGP3 treatment prevented the IκBα degradation and reduced phospho-NF-κB p65 protein expression in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Meanwhile, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-α, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were suppressed by LRGP3 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Taken together, our results suggested that LRGP3 attenuated LPS-induced inflammation via inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Huajing Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shihui Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, YangLing 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Prostate cancer treatment is dominated by strategies to control androgen receptor (AR) activity. AR has an impact on prostate cancer development through the regulation of not only transcription networks but also genomic stability and DNA repair, as manifest in the emergence of gene fusions. Whole-genome maps of AR binding sites and transcript profiling have shown changes in the recruitment and regulatory effect of AR on transcription as prostate cancer progresses. Defining other factors that are involved in this reprogramming of AR function gives various opportunities for cancer detection and therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian G Mills
- Prostate Cancer Research Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospitals, N-0318 Oslo, Norway;Departments of Cancer Prevention and Urology, Institute of Cancer Research and Oslo University Hospitals, N-0424 Oslo, Norway;Uro-Oncology Research Group, Cambridge Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ginzburg S, Golovine KV, Makhov PB, Uzzo RG, Kutikov A, Kolenko VM. Piperlongumine inhibits NF-κB activity and attenuates aggressive growth characteristics of prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2014; 74:177-86. [PMID: 24151226 PMCID: PMC4052841 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated NF-κB activity has been previously demonstrated in prostate cancer cell lines as hormone-independent or metastatic characteristics develop. We look at the effects of piperlongumine (PL), a biologically active alkaloid/amide present in piper longum plant, on the NF-κB pathway in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. METHODS NF-κB activity was evaluated using Luciferase reporter assays and Western blot analysis of p50 and p65 nuclear translocation. IL-6, IL-8, and MMP-9 levels were assessed using ELISA. Cellular adhesion and invasiveness properties of prostate cancer cells treated with PL were also assessed. RESULTS NF-κB DNA-binding activity was directly down-regulated with increasing concentrations of PL, along with decreased nuclear translocation of p50 and p65 subunits. Expression of IL-6, IL-8, MMP-9, and ICAM-1 was attenuated, and a decrease of cell-to-matrix adhesion and invasiveness properties of prostate cancer cells were observed. CONCLUSIONS PL-mediated inhibition of NF-κB activity decreases aggressive growth characteristics of prostate cancer cells in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serge Ginzburg
- Department of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Petr B. Makhov
- Department of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robert G. Uzzo
- Department of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alexander Kutikov
- Department of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lu Y, Jeong YT, Li X, Kim MJ, Park PH, Hwang SL, Son JK, Chang HW. Emodin Isolated from Polygoni cuspidati Radix Inhibits TNF-α and IL-6 Release by Blockading NF-κB and MAP Kinase Pathways in Mast Cells Stimulated with PMA Plus A23187. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 21:435-41. [PMID: 24404333 PMCID: PMC3879914 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2013.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emodin, a naturally occurring anthraquinone derivative isolated from Polygoni cuspidati radix, has several beneficial pharmacologic effects, which include anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the authors examined the effect of emodin on the production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus the calcium ionophore A23187. To investigate the mechanism responsible for the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production by emodin, the authors assessed its effects on the activations of transcriptional factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Emodin attenuated the nuclear translocation of (NF)-κB p65 and its DNA-binding activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα and the phosphorylation of IκB kinase B (IKK). Furthermore, emodin dose-dependently attenuated the phosphorylations of MAPKs, such as, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), p38 MAP kinase, and the stress-activated protein kinases (SAPK)/c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK). Taken together, the findings of this study suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of emodin on PMA plus A23187-stimulated BMMCs are mediated via the inhibition of NF-κB activation and of the MAPK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China, College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea ; College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Tae Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Xian Li
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Lark Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Keun Son
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun Wook Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li L, Zhao F, Lu J, Li T, Yang H, Wu C, Liu Y. Notch-1 signaling promotes the malignant features of human breast cancer through NF-κB activation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95912. [PMID: 24760075 PMCID: PMC3997497 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant activation of Notch-1 signaling pathway has been proven to be associated with the development and progression of cancers. However, the specific roles and the underlying mechanisms of Notch-1 signaling pathway on the malignant behaviors of breast cancer are poorly understood. In this study, using multiple cellular and molecular approaches, we demonstrated that activation of Notch-1 signaling pathway promoted the malignant behaviors of MDA-MB-231 cells such as increased cell proliferation, colony formation, adhesion, migration, and invasion, and inhibited apoptosis; whereas deactivation of this signaling pathway led to the reversal of the aforementioned malignant cellular behaviors. Furthermore, we found that activation of Notch-1 signaling pathway triggered the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway and up-regulated the expression of NF-κB target genes including MMP-2/-9, VEGF, Survivin, Bcl-xL, and Cyclin D1. These results suggest that Notch-1 signaling pathway play important roles in promoting the malignant phenotype of breast cancer, which may be mediated partly through the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Our results further suggest that targeting Notch-1 signaling pathway may become a newer approach to halt the progression of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Fenglong Zhao
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Juan Lu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Wu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yiyao Liu
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chang C, Zhao W, Xie B, Deng Y, Han T, Cui Y, Dai Y, Zhang Z, Gao J, Guo H, Yan J. Pao Pereira Extract Suppresses Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cell Growth, Survival, and Invasion Through Inhibition of NFκB Signaling. Integr Cancer Ther 2013; 13:249-58. [PMID: 24287876 DOI: 10.1177/1534735413510557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pao extract, derived from bark of Amazonian tree Pao Pereira, is commonly used in South American medicine. A recent study showed that Pao extract repressed androgen-dependent LNCaP prostate cancer cell growth. We hypothesize that Pao extract asserts its anticancer effects on metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells. Pao extract suppressed CRPC PC3 cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner, through induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Pao extract treatment induced cell cycle inhibitors, p21 and p27, and repressed PCNA, Cyclin A and Cyclin D1. Furthermore, Pao extract also induced the upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax, reduction of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and XIAP expression, which were associated with the cleavage of PARP protein. Moreover, Pao extract treatment blocked PC3 cell migration and invasion. Mechanistically, Pao extract suppressed phosphorylation levels of AKT and NFκB/p65, NFκB DNA binding activity, and luciferase reporter activity. Pao inhibited TNFα-induced relocation of NFκB/p65 to the nucleus, NFκB/p65 transcription activity, and MMP9 activity as shown by zymography. Consistently, NFκB/p65 downstream targets involved in proliferation (Cyclin D1), survival (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and XIAP), and metastasis (VEGFa, MMP9, and GROα/CXCL1) were also downregulated by Pao extract. Finally, forced expression of NFκB/p65 reversed the growth inhibitory effect of Pao extract. Overall, Pao extract induced cell growth arrest, apoptosis, partially through inhibiting NFκB activation in prostate cancer cells. These data suggest that Pao extract may be beneficial for protection against CRPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Zhao
- Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Yongming Deng
- Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China Nanjing Urology Research Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Han
- Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China Nanjing Urology Research Center, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | | | - Jimin Gao
- Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China Nanjing Urology Research Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Nanjing University, Nanjing, China Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside attenuates neuroinflammation through the inhibition of microglia activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:680545. [PMID: 24349614 PMCID: PMC3848273 DOI: 10.1155/2013/680545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is closely implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. The hallmark of neuroinflammation is the microglia activation. Upon activation, microglia are capable of producing various proinflammatory factors and the accumulation of these factors contribute to the neuronal damage. Therefore, inhibition of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation might hold potential therapy for neurological disorders. 2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG), an active component extracted from Polygonum multiflorum, is reported to be beneficial for human health with a great number of pharmacological properties including antioxidant, free radical-scavenging, anti-inflammation, antilipemia, and cardioprotective effects. Recently, TSG-mediated neuroprotective effects have been well demonstrated. However, the neuroprotective actions of TSG on microglia-induced neuroinflammation are not known. In the present study, microglia BV2 cell lines were applied to investigate the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of TSG. Results showed that TSG reduced LPS-induced microglia-derived release of proinflammatory factors such as TNFα, IL-1β, and NO. Moreover, TSG attenuated LPS-induced NADPH oxidase activation and subsequent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Further studies indicated that TSG inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB signaling pathway activation. Together, TSG exerted neuroprotection against microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, suggesting that TSG might present a promising benefit for neurological disorders treatment.
Collapse
|