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Genistein inhibits chondrogenic differentiation and mineralization of ATDC5 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 566:123-128. [PMID: 34119824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.05.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavones are phytoestrogens abundant in leguminous crops and are used to prevent a variety of hormonal disorders. In the present study, the effects of genistein and daidzein on the chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells were investigated. Genistein (10 μM) treatment markedly reduced production of sulfated proteoglycans and collagen fibers in the ATDC5 cells. Genistein suppressed the expression of genes involved in chondrocyte differentiation such as Sox9, Col2a1, Col10a1, Acan, and Tgfb1. Additionally, genistein significantly decreased calcium deposition in ATDC5 cells during chondrogenic differentiation; however, it increased calcification under non-chondrogenic mineralizing conditions. Daidzein exhibited a similar effect of suppressing chondrogenesis in ATDC5 cells, although its efficacy was 10-times lower than that of genistein. These findings suggest that a high concentration of genistein inhibits chondrogenesis and chondrogenic mineralization, whereas it enhances non-chondrogenic mineralization.
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Rochester E, Wickman BE, Bell A, Simecka C, Clayton ZS, Hakkak R, Hooshmand S. A diet containing high- versus low-daidzein does not affect bone density and osteogenic gene expression in the obese Zucker rat model. Food Funct 2020; 10:6851-6857. [PMID: 31580380 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01292c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are nonsteroidal plant compounds with similar chemical structures to mammalian estrogen capable of mimicking the effect of estrogen in selective tissues. A diet rich in phytoestrogens is associated with a variety of health benefits including decreased risks for heart disease, breast cancer, and osteoporosis. Obesity has long thought to be associated with improved bone density due to increased mechanical loading, but recent literature suggests obesity may actually decrease bone health. Daidzein, a soy-derived phytoestrogen, has been shown to improve parameters of bone health in lean animal models of osteoporosis but has not been tested in obese animals. Following a one-week acclimation to a standard AIN-93G diet, 19 five-week-old female obese Zucker rats (OZR) were randomly assigned to a modified AIN-93G diet containing either high daidzein (HD, 0.121 g kg-1 feed) or low daidzein (LD, 0.01 g kg-1 feed). After 8 weeks, tibias and femurs were removed to assess true density (Archimedes principal), mechanical strength (three-point bending test), and femoral osteogenic gene expression. Serum was collected to assess osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline. Our results indicated that there were no significant differences between the measures for tibial or femoral true density or mechanical strength for the rats in the HD and LD diet groups. Similarly, there were no significant differences in gene expressions related to osteogenic pathways, or serum biomarkers of bone formation and resorption. Overall, an increased dose of daidzein from soy protein supplementation does not elicit an improvement in markers of bone health in obese Zucker rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Rochester
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA.
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3
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Ambati S, Miller CN, Bass EF, Hohos NM, Hartzell DL, Kelso EW, Trunnell ER, Yang JY, Della-Fera MA, Baile CA, Rayalam S. Synergistic Phytochemicals Fail to Protect Against Ovariectomy Induced Bone Loss in Rats. J Med Food 2018; 21:1044-1052. [PMID: 29792544 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause induces a loss of bone as a result of estrogen deficiency. Despite pharmaceutical options for the treatment of osteopenia and osteoporosis, many aging women use dietary supplements with estrogenic activity to prevent bone loss and other menopausal-related symptoms. Such supplements are yet to be tested for efficacy against a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved medication for menopausal bone loss such as zoledronic acid (ZA). The postmenopausal rat model was used to investigate the efficacy of various synergistic phytochemical blends mixed into the diet for 16 weeks. Retired-breeder, Fischer 344 rats were randomly assigned to sham or ovariectomy surgery and 4 treatment groups: ZA; genistein supplementation; and a low dose and high dose blend of genistein, resveratrol, and quercetin. Ovariectomy resulted in a loss of both trabecular and cortical bone which was prevented with ZA. The phytochemical blends tested were unable to reverse these losses. Despite the lack of effectiveness in preventing bone loss, a significant dose-response trend was observed in the phytochemical-rich diets in bone adipocyte number compared to ovariectomized control rats. Data from this study indicate that estrogenic phytochemicals are not as efficacious as ZA in preventing menopausal-related bone loss but may have beneficial effects on bone marrow adiposity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Ambati
- 1 Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA
| | - Colette N Miller
- 1 Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA.,2 Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA
| | - Erica F Bass
- 1 Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA
| | - Natalie M Hohos
- 2 Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA
| | - Diane L Hartzell
- 1 Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA
| | - Emily W Kelso
- 1 Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA
| | - Emily R Trunnell
- 3 Neuroscience Division, Biomedical and Health Sciences Institute, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA
| | - Jeong-Yeh Yang
- 2 Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA
| | - Mary Anne Della-Fera
- 1 Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA
| | - Clifton A Baile
- 1 Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA.,2 Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia , USA
| | - Srujana Rayalam
- 4 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GA Campus-Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine , Suwanee, Georgia , USA
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Karale S, Kamath JV. Effect of daidzein on cisplatin-induced hematotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in experimental rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2017; 49:49-54. [PMID: 28458422 PMCID: PMC5351238 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.201022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of daidzein flavonoid on cisplatin (CP)-induced hematotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in experimental rats. Materials and Methods: The Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: Normal (saline 1 ml p.o.), CP (7.5 mg/kg once intraperioteneally on 16th day), test group of low dose (combination of CP and daidzein 20 mg/kg p.o. for 21 days), and test group of high dose (combination of CP and daidzein 40 mg/kg p.o. for 21 days). Blood samples were collected on 22nd day from each rat and subjected for evaluation of hematological parameters such as red blood corpuscles (RBC), white blood corpuscles, hemoglobin (Hb) and platelets, and serum biomarkers such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Liver of each rat was excised and subjected for antioxidants evaluation such as malonyl dialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and histopathological study. Results: Daidzein had a significant (P < 0.001) beneficial role in CP-induced hemotoxicity by increasing RBC, Hb, packed cell volume, and platelets. Daidzein also exhibited a significant (P < 0.001) protection against CP-induced hepatotoxicity by decreasing ALT, AST, ALP, and MDA level and by elevating the GSH, SOD, and catalase. Conclusions: Daidzein attenuates CP-induced oxidative stress on blood cells and antioxidants in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjiv Karale
- Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
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5
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Strong AL, Jones RB, Glowacki J, Boue SM, Burow ME, Bunnell BA. Glycinol enhances osteogenic differentiation and attenuates the effects of age on mesenchymal stem cells. Regen Med 2017; 12:513-524. [PMID: 28718749 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2016-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Phytoestrogens, such as glycinol, have recently gained significant attention as an alternative therapy for osteoporosis due to their structural similarity to estradiol and their bone-generating potential. METHODS The osteogenic effects of glycinol were investigated in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) derived from older (>50 years old) and younger subjects (<25 years old). RESULTS BMSCs isolated from older donors demonstrated reduced osteogenesis. 17β-estradiol and glycinol exposure rescued the age-related reduction in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. These results correlated with the induction of osteogenic genes and estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) following glycinol treatment. ER antagonist studies further support that glycinol promotes osteogenesis through ER signaling. CONCLUSION The results from these studies support investigating glycinol as a potential preventive or treatment for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Strong
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Robert B Jones
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Julie Glowacki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen M Boue
- Southern Regional Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Matthew E Burow
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research & Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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DENG YH, SU LN, PANG YH, GUO YF, WANG F, LIAO XL, YANG B. Preparation, Characterization and Water Solubility of Inclusion Complexes of Daidzein with Amino-Modified β -Cyclodextrins. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(17)61012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Somjen D, Sharfman ZT, Katzburg S, Sharon O, Maman E, Salai M, Stern N, Dolkart O. Rivaroxaban significantly inhibits the stimulatory effects of bone-modulating hormones: In vitro study of primary female osteoblasts. Connect Tissue Res 2017; 58:215-220. [PMID: 27661794 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2016.1220942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anticoagulant therapy is a mainstay of treatment subsequent to major orthopedic surgeries. Evidence linking anticoagulant therapy, osteoporosis, and delayed fracture healing is not conclusive. We have previously reported that rivaroxaban significantly inhibited cell growth and energy metabolism in a human osteoblastic cell line. This study analyzed the response of primary female osteoblast cells to rivaroxaban in combination with various bone-modulating hormones. METHODS Bone samples were taken from both premenopausal (pre-Ob) and postmenopausal (post-Ob) women. Cells were isolated from each sample and cultured to sub-confluence. Each sample was then treated with Rivaroxaban (10 µg/ml) in combination with the following hormones or with the hormones alone for 24 hours: 30nM estradiol-17β (E2), 390nM estrogen receptor α (ERα) agonist PPT, 420nM estrogen receptor β (ERβ) agonist DPN, 50nM parathyroid hormone (PTH), and 1nM of vitamin D analog JKF. RESULTS No effects were observed after exposure to rivaroxaban alone. When pre-Ob and post-Ob cells were exposed to the bone-modulating hormones as a control experiment, DNA synthesis and creatine kinase (CK)-specific activity was significantly stimulated with a greater response in the pre-Ob cells. When the cells were exposed to rivaroxaban in combination with bone-modulating hormones, the increased DNA synthesis and CK-specific activity previously observed were completely attenuated. CONCLUSIONS Rivaroxaban significantly inhibited the stimulatory effects of bone-modulating hormones in both pre-Ob and post-Ob primary human cell lines. This finding may have clinical relevance for patients at high risk of osteoporosis managed with rivaroxaban or other factor Xa inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Somjen
- a Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Zachary T Sharfman
- b Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Sara Katzburg
- a Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Orli Sharon
- a Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Eran Maman
- b Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Moshe Salai
- b Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Naftali Stern
- a Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Oleg Dolkart
- b Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
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Deng Y, Pang Y, Guo Y, Ren Y, Wang F, Liao X, Yang B. Host-guest inclusion systems of daidzein with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD): Preparation, binding behaviors and water solubility. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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9
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Maman E, Somjen D, Maman E, Katzburg S, Sharfman ZT, Stern N, Dolkart O. The response of cells derived from the supraspinatus tendon to estrogen and calciotropic hormone stimulations: in vitro study. Connect Tissue Res 2015; 57:124-30. [PMID: 26646255 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2015.1114615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The most frequent complications after rotator cuff repair (RCR) are non-healing and re-tear. Age and gender are both proven risk factors for faulty RCR. This study analyzed the effects of female sex steroids and calciotropic hormones on tendon-derived cell characteristics. METHODS Tendon-derived cells from rat supraspinatus were treated with estradiol-17β (E2); soy isoflavones (daidzein, genistein, biochainin A); raloxifene and estrogen receptors α and β agonists and antagonists; and less-calcemic vitamin-D analog, parathyroid hormone, and vehicle control for 24 h. Cell proliferation and mRNA expression of estrogen receptor α and β, vitamin-D receptor (VDR), scleraxis, and collagen-1 were assessed. RESULTS E2, Biochainin A, raloxifene, and vitamin-D significantly increased tendon-derived cell proliferation. Estrogen receptor α antagonists neutralized tendon-derived cells response to estradiol 17-β; however, estrogen receptor β antagonists did not have an effect. Scleraxis expression decreased following estradiol 17-β and vitamin-D treatments. Vitamin-D significantly reduced collagen-1 expression, while estradiol 17-β had no effect. Vitamin-D and estradiol 17-β upregulated VDR expression. CONCLUSIONS Significant tendon-derived cell proliferation can be achieved with commonly prescribed female sex and calciotropic hormones. However, collagen-1 expression remained constant or decreased following the administration of these hormones. Female sex steroids and vitamin-D promoted tendon-derived cell proliferation via estrogen receptor α and VDR, not estrogen receptor β. Amplified cell proliferation was not associated with increased scleraxis and collagen-1 expression. These results have important implications to the properties of healing tendon and possible pharmaceutical therapies for patients with torn RC. Further research is warranted to expose the underling mechanisms of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eran Maman
- a Shoulder Unit, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Tel-Aviv Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Dalia Somjen
- b Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Ettie Maman
- c IVF unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Sarah Katzburg
- b Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Zachary T Sharfman
- a Shoulder Unit, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Tel-Aviv Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Naftali Stern
- b Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Oleg Dolkart
- a Shoulder Unit, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Tel-Aviv Medical Center and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine , Tel-Aviv University , Tel-Aviv , Israel
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Ko BS, Lee HW, Kim DS, Kang S, Ryuk JA, Park S. Supplementing with Opuntia ficus-indica Mill and Dioscorea nipponica Makino extracts synergistically attenuates menopausal symptoms in estrogen-deficient rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:267-276. [PMID: 24875644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Prickly pear cactus grown in Korea (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill, KC) and Buchema (Dioscorea nipponica Makino, B) have been traditionally used in East Asia and South America to treat various metabolic diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the extracts of KC, B, and KC+B can prevent the impairments of energy, glucose, lipid and bone homeostasis in estrogen-deficient ovariectomized (OVX) rats and to explore their mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS OVX rats were divided into 4 groups and fed high fat diets supplemented with either 3% dextrin (control), 3% KC, 3% B or 1.5% KC+1.5% B. Sham rats were fed 3% dextrin. After 12 weeks of diet consumption, energy, lipid, glucose and bone metabolisms were analyzed and Wnt signaling in the femur and hepatic signaling were determined. RESULTS OVX impaired energy, glucose and lipid metabolism and decreased uterine and bone masses. B and KC+B prevented the decrease in energy expenditure, especially from fat oxidation, in OVX rats, but did not affect food intake. KC+B and B reduced body weight and visceral fat levels, as compared to the OVX-control, by decreasing fat synthesis and inhibiting FAS and SREBP-1c expression. KC+B and B prevented the increases in serum lipid levels and insulin resistance by improving hepatic insulin signaling (pIRS→pAkt→pGSK-3β). KC and KC+B also prevented decreases in bone mineral density (BMD) in the femur and lumbar spine in OVX rats. This was related to decreased expressions of bone turnover markers such as serum osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bone-specific ALP levels, and increased serum P levels. KC and KC+B upregulated low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 and β-catenin in OVX rats, but suppressed the expression of dickkopf-related protein 1. B alone improved energy, lipid and glucose homeostasis, but not bone loss, whereas KC alone enhanced BMD, but not energy, lipid or glucose homeostasis. CONCLUSION KC+B synergistically attenuated impairments of bone, energy, lipid and glucose metabolism by OVX, suggesting potential efficacy of the combination for alleviating menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Seob Ko
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Da Sol Kim
- Food & Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Suna Kang
- Food & Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Jin Ah Ryuk
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Food & Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
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Strong AL, Jiang Q, Zhang Q, Zheng S, Boue SM, Elliott S, Burow ME, Bunnell BA, Wang G. Design, synthesis, and osteogenic activity of daidzein analogs on human mesenchymal stem cells. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:143-8. [PMID: 24900787 DOI: 10.1021/ml400397k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is caused by an overstimulation of osteoclast activity and the destruction of the bone extracellular matrix. Without the normal architecture, osteoblast cells are unable to rebuild phenotypically normal bone. Hormone replacement therapy with estrogen has been effective in increasing osteoblast activity but also has resulted in the increased incidence of breast and uterine cancer. In this study we designed and synthesized a series of daidzein analogs to investigate their osteogenic induction potentials. Human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from three different donors were treated with daidzein analogs and demonstrated enhanced osteogenesis when compared to daidzein treatment. The enhanced osteogenic potential of these daidzein analogs resulted in increased osterix (Sp7), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which are osteogenic transcription factors that regulate the maturation of osteogenic progenitor cells into mature osteoblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Strong
- Center
for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - Quan Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Program, Xavier University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Program, Xavier University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
| | - Shilong Zheng
- Department
of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Program, Xavier University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
| | - Stephen M. Boue
- Southern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department
of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana 70130, United States
| | - Steven Elliott
- Department
of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - Matthew E. Burow
- Department
of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- Center
for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
| | - Guangdi Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and RCMI Cancer Research Program, Xavier University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
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Liu MH, Lin YS, Sheu SY, Sun JS. Anti-inflammatory effects of daidzein on primary astroglial cell culture. Nutr Neurosci 2013; 12:123-34. [DOI: 10.1179/147683009x423274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Effects of Extracts from Trifolium medium L. and Trifolium pratense L. on Development of Estrogen Deficiency-Induced Osteoporosis in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:921684. [PMID: 23304223 PMCID: PMC3524757 DOI: 10.1155/2012/921684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Some plant species belonging to Trifolium L. genus are a source of isoflavones considered to exert phytoestrogenic activities. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of standardized extract obtained from aerial parts of Trifolium medium L., in comparison with the extract of Trifolium pratense L., on the development of estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis in rats. Both Trifolium extracts, at doses corresponding to 10 and 20 mg/kg of isoflavone aglycones daily, or estradiol (0.2 mg/kg daily), were administered orally to ovariectomized (OVX) rats for 4 weeks. Serum bone turnover markers, bone mass, mineralization, and mechanical properties were studied. In OVX control rats, mechanical properties of the tibial metaphysis and femoral neck were strongly worsened in comparison with sham-operated control rats, and those of femoral diaphysis were unaffected. Estradiol counteracted the worsening of the tibial strength and increases in bone turnover markers. Both extracts significantly increased the strength of the femoral diaphysis and calcium and phosphorus content in the bone mineral, but only T. pratense extract increased the strength of the tibial metaphysis. In conclusion, effects of both Trifolium extracts differed from those of estradiol. It is possible that other than isoflavone extract constituents contributed to their skeletal effects.
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Gautam AK, Bhargavan B, Tyagi AM, Srivastava K, Yadav DK, Kumar M, Singh A, Mishra JS, Singh AB, Sanyal S, Maurya R, Manickavasagam L, Singh SP, Wahajuddin W, Jain GK, Chattopadhyay N, Singh D. Differential effects of formononetin and cladrin on osteoblast function, peak bone mass achievement and bioavailability in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2011; 22:318-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Somjen D, Katzburg S, Kohen F, Gayer B, Posner GH, Yoles I, Livne E. The effects of native and synthetic estrogenic compounds as well as vitamin D less-calcemic analogs on adipocytes content in rat bone marrow. J Endocrinol Invest 2011; 34:106-10. [PMID: 20543554 DOI: 10.1007/bf03347039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We demonstrated previously that phytoestrogens and vitamin D analogs like estradiol-17β (E2) modulate bone morphology in rat female model. AIM We now analyze the effects of phytoestrogens, E2, selective E2 re ceptor modulators, and the less-calcemic analogs of vitamin D: JKF1624F2-2 (JKF) or QW1624F2-2 (QW) on fat content in bone marrow (BM) from long bones in ovariectomized female rats (OVX). MATERIALS AND METHODS OVX rats were injected with treatments known to affect bone formation, 5 days per week for 2.5 month for analysis of fat content in BM. RESULTS In OVX young adults there is a decreased bone formation and a 10-fold increase in fat cells content in BM. Treatment with E2, raloxifene (Ral) or DT56a resulted in almost completely abolishment of fat cells content. Daidzein (D) decreased fat cells content by 80%, genistein (G) or biochainin A (BA) did not change fat cells content and carboxy BA (cBA) had a small but significant effect. JKF or QW did not affect fat cells content, whereas combined treatment of JKF or QW with E2 resulted in complete abolishment of fat cells content. These changes in fat cells content are inversely correlated with changes in bone formation. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that adipogenesis induced by OVX is a reversible process which can be corrected by hormonal treatments. The awareness of a relationship between fat and bone at the marrow level might provide a better understanding of the pathophysiology of bone loss as well as a novel approach to diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Somjen
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, 6 Weizmann street, Tel-Aviv 64239, Israel.
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17
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Synthetic analogs of daidzein, having more potent osteoblast stimulating effect. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:677-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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A novel flavonoid, 6-C-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S)-(+)-3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavanone, isolated from Ulmus wallichiana Planchon mitigates ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats. Menopause 2010; 17:577-86. [PMID: 20393370 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181d2ce7f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the skeletal effect of 6-C-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S)-(+)-3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavanone (GTDF)/Ulmoside A, a new compound isolated from the extract of Ulmus wallichiana in a rat model of postmenopausal bone loss. METHODS GTDF (1.0 and 5.0 mg kg d) was given orally to ovariectomized (OVx) rats (180-200 g) for 12 weeks. Sham operated + vehicle, ovariectomy + 17beta-estradiol (2.5 microg kg d), and ovariectomy + vehicle groups served as various controls. Bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular microarchitecture, bone biomechanical strength, levels of bone turnover/resorption markers, uterotropic effect, and plasma pharmacokinetics were studied. One-way analysis of variance was used to test significance of effects. RESULTS OVx rats treated with both doses of GTDF exhibited significantly higher BMD in the trabecular (distal femur, proximal tibia, and vertebrae) and cortical (femur shaft) regions compared with the ovariectomy + vehicle group. Micro-CT demonstrated that OVx rats treated with 5.0 mg kg day of GTDF had better bone microarchitectural parameters compared with the ovariectomy + vehicle group. Serum osteocalcin and urinary C-terminal teleopeptide of Type I collagen levels in OVx rats treated with GTDF (at both doses) were significantly lower than those in the ovariectomy + vehicle group. At neither of the two doses did GTDF exhibit uterine estrogenicity. A pharmacokinetic study revealed that GTDF achieved maximum plasma concentration (40.67 ng mL) at approximately 1 hour, indicating its slow absorption. Its absolute bioavailability was found to be 1.04% with a plasma elimination half-life of approximately 5 hours. CONCLUSIONS GTDF, a novel compound isolated from U wallichiana extract, improves bone biomechanical quality through positive modifications of BMD and trabecular microarchitecture without a hyperplastic effect on the uterus.
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19
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Zhang Y, Li Q, Wan HY, Helferich WG, Wong MS. Genistein and a soy extract differentially affect three-dimensional bone parameters and bone-specific gene expression in ovariectomized mice. J Nutr 2009; 139:2230-6. [PMID: 19793844 DOI: 10.3945/jn.109.108399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Soy isoflavone preparations, such as purified genistein and a soy extract (Novasoy), were reported previously to exert beneficial effects on bones. Our purpose in this study was to compare the effects of genistein and Novasoy on 3-dimensional trabecular bone parameters and the expression of bone-specific genes in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. The sham-operated mice were fed the control diet and OVX mice were fed diets containing genistein or Novasoy or the control diet, with or without 17beta-estradiol treatment, for 5 wk. Trabecular bone parameters of tibias were measured by microcomputed tomography and gene expression was assayed by real-time PCR. Consumption of diets containing genistein or Novasoy partially prevented the ovariectomy-induced increase in body weight but did not alter the uterus weight of the OVX mice. Novasoy, but not purified genistein, significantly preserved trabecular bone mass, bone volume, and trabecular bone separation in the proximal tibial metaphysis. Purified genistein decreased mRNA expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL), carbonic anhydrase II, and cathepsin K and enhanced the ratio of osteoprotegrin:RANKL mRNA expression in the tibial head of the OVX mice. In contrast, the diet containing Novasoy suppressed the OVX-induced increase in serum alkaline phosphatase but did not alter bone-specific gene expression of tibia. Our study demonstrated that a soy extract containing a similar level of genistein in the form of Novasoy is more effective than purified genistein in improving tibial trabecular bone quality in OVX mice, but the mechanism of action might be distinct from that of genistein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PRC
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20
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Green JM, Alvero AB, Kohen F, Mor G. 7-(O)-Carboxymethyl daidzein conjugated to N-t-Boc-hexylenediamine: a novel compound capable of inducing cell death in epithelial ovarian cancer stem cells. Cancer Biol Ther 2009; 8:1747-53. [PMID: 19738422 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.8.18.9285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the major difficulties in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the high rate of recurrent disease. This is thought to be due to the survival of a population of chemo-resistant cells within the tumor, the ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs), that are able to regenerate the tumor following chemotherapy. Therefore, the identification of a compund that can target the OCSCs is one of the main steps in improving overall survival of ovarian cancer patients. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of N-t-boc-Daidzein, a novel daidzain derivative, on OCSCs. The efficacy of this compound was evaluated in OCSC and mature ovarian cancer cell (mOCC) lines isolated from malignant ovarian cancer asicites. Cells were treated with increasing concentrations of N-t-boc-Daidzein (0.003-10 microM) and cell growth was monitored by "real time in vitro micro-imaging" using the IncuCyte system. Cell viability was measured using the CellTiter 96 Assay. Apoptosis was determined by Caspase-Glo 3/7, 8 and 9 assays. The components of the apoptotic cascade were characterized by western blot analysis. N-t-boc-Daidzein was able to significantly inhibit cell growth and decrease cell viability of OCSC as well as mOCC cells in a dose and time dependent maner. This effect was due to the induction of apoptosis, which is characterized by caspase activation, XIAP and AKT degradation, and mitochondrial depolarization. This study describes a novel compound that can target the OCSCs. These findings may provide vital aide in improving overall survival in patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M Green
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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