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Xie D, Wang H, Ji Q, Wang J. Proanthocyanidin offers protection against diabetic nephropathy: elucidation of its mechanism of action using animal models. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:702-712. [PMID: 39370768 PMCID: PMC11459798 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2024.2409772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of kidney disease in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy. DN is associated with an increased risk of death in patients with diabetes. Conventional therapy for DN includes intensive control of blood glucose level and blood pressure and renin-angiotensin system blockade. However, this approach has limited treatment effects on DN. Therefore, identifying novel drugs to delay the progression of DN is urgently needed. Proanthocyanidin (PA) has been shown to exert potentially beneficial effects on DN. However, the protective mechanism and efficacy are yet to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the efficacy and potential mechanisms of PA in animal models of DN. METHODS Preclinical studies were searched from Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar databases, with the search deadline of August 2023. Keywords ('diabetic nephropathies', 'nephropathies, diabetic', 'diabetic kidney diseases', 'proanthocyanidin', 'anthocyanidin polymers', 'procyanidins', 'animal*', 'rat', and 'mice') were used to search the databases. RevMan 5.3 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 22 studies involving 538 animals were included in this analysis. The pooled results indicated that PA therapy significantly improved kidney function and reduced proteinuria and blood glucose levels. The protective mechanism of PA was associated with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifibrotic, and antiapoptotic effects; inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress; and alleviation of mitochondrial dysfunction and dyslipidemia. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that PA alleviates DN by mediating multiple targets and pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengpiao Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Ji
- Chengdu First People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianting Wang
- The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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Gupta A, Jamal A, Jamil DA, Al-Aubaidy HA. A systematic review exploring the mechanisms by which citrus bioflavonoid supplementation benefits blood glucose levels and metabolic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102884. [PMID: 37939436 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Citrus bioflavonoids are polyphenolic compounds that are derived from citrus fruits and vegetables. Although they are well known for their powerful antioxidant properties, their effects on glycemic control are not well understood. This review aims to highlight the potential benefits of using citrus bioflavonoids in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its metabolic complications, as well as the medicinal effects of known subclasses of naturally occurring citrus bioflavonoids. METHODS In this systematic review, a survey of studies was conducted from January 2012 to February 2023 using various databases (PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, and Scopus) to determine the effects of citrus bioflavonoid supplementation on reducing oxidative stress, improving lipid profiles, and glycemic index in patients with diabetes mellitus, as well as the proposed mechanisms of action. RESULTS The results of the survey indicate that citrus bioflavonoids may have a positive impact on reducing oxidative stress levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition to reducing oxidative stress, citrus bioflavonoids may also have a positive impact on other markers of diabetes. For example, studies have shown that they can reduce non-enzymatic protein glycation, which is a process that occurs when glucose molecules bind to proteins in the body. CONCLUSION The reduction in oxidative stress that can be achieved using citrus bioflavonoids may help to maintain antioxidant levels in the body, thereby reducing the severity of diabetes and its complications. These findings suggest that citrus bioflavonoids may be a useful complementary therapy for patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Gupta
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Abdulsatar Jamal
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology & Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine & Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Dina A Jamil
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology & Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine & Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia; New Medical Education Australia, Brisbane, QLD, 4007, Australia
| | - Hayder A Al-Aubaidy
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology & Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine & Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia; New Medical Education Australia, Brisbane, QLD, 4007, Australia.
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Bioactive components in Bambara groundnut ( Vigna subterraenea (L.) Verdc) as a potential source of nutraceutical ingredients. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09024. [PMID: 35284682 PMCID: PMC8913303 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of nutraceuticals on a global scale has significantly increased over the past few years due to their reported health benefits and consumer's reluctance to consume synthetic drugs. This paper provides information regarding new and potential value added uses of biologically active compounds in Bambara groundnut (BGN) as ingredients that could be further researched and exploited for various applications. Nutraceutical is a food or part of food that apart from providing basic nutrients, offers medicinal benefits either by prevention and or treatment of an illness. BGN is a legume with rich nutrient profile that is under exploited industrially. It is widely used in African traditional medicine for its various health outcome, but has not been explored scientifically for its numerous nutraceutical potentials. Compared to beans BGN has greater quantity of soluble fiber and also have high dietary fiber. It is rich in polyphenolic compound which include flavonoids subgroups like flavonols, flavanols, anthocyanindins, isoflavones and phenolic acids: both benzoic acid and cinnamic acid derivatives, biologically active polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins and peptides, antioxidant vitamins and minerals. The rising interest and emphasis in plant-based biologically active components (nutraceuticals) for various health promotion, has positioned this African legume as a potential source of nutraceutical ingredients (bioactive components) that could be exploited for improved nutrition and health.
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Tripathy B, Sahoo N, Sahoo SK. Trends in diabetes care with special emphasis to medicinal plants: Advancement and treatment. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:102014. [PMID: 35342487 PMCID: PMC8941016 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder prevailing throughout the world. It may affect a child to an older person depending upon the physiology and the factors influencing the internal metabolic system of the body. Several treatments are available in the market ranges from synthetic drugs, insulin therapy, herbal drugs, and transdermal patches. Interestingly, the development of technologies and digital health have proving very helpful in improving the lifestyle of diabetic patients. All treatment approaches have their own advantages and disadvantages in the form of effectiveness and side effects. Medicinal plants have a long history of traditional application in the treatment of diabetes and even the use of plants are growing day-by-day due to the significant results against diseases and fewer side effects as compared to other treatment therapies. The intention behind writing this review is to gather all information and discussed them exhaustively in an article. The novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected my lives including diabetic patients. The antidiabetic treatment strategies during this period has also discussed. In this article, we highlighted the molecular mechanism and herbal phytoconstituents that are responsible for lowering blood glucose level. The factors responsible for the progression of metabolic disorders can be controlled with the use of phytoconstituents present in herbal plants to maintain β-cells performance and restore blood glucose level. It can be concluded that medicinal plants are effective and affordable with lesser side effects for treating DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nityananda Sahoo
- Centurion University of Technology & Management, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Sahoo
- Royal College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Berhampur, Odisha, 759024, India
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Fu K, Chen L, Hu S, Guo Y, Zhang W, Bai Y. Grape seed proanthocyanidins attenuate apoptosis in ischemic stroke. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 121:357-364. [PMID: 30835051 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-019-01111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSP) has been reported to attenuate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis, which is associated with ischemic stroke. However, whether GSP pays crucial roles in ischemic stroke still remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of GSP in ischemic stroke and the underlying mechanism. The ischemic stroke mouse model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion. GSP administration was performed intragastrically. Long-term neurological outcome was assessed by the foot fault test after reperfusion. Brain injury was identified by infarct volume from 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling. The expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Cleaved Caspase-3, phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK), ERK, Glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa (GRP78), Caspase-12 were detected by western blotting. In mice with ischemia stroke, GSP administration improved long-term neurological outcomes by attenuating ischemia-reperfusion induced neuronal apoptosis and brain injury. Mechanically, GSP performance inhibited the expression levels of ER stress-associated genes. GSP protects mice against ischemic stroke via attenuating neuronal apoptosis. Moreover, GSP attenuated ER stress-associated apoptosis by inhibiting GRP78 and Caspase-12. Our study indicates that GSP attenuates neuronal apoptosis in ischemic stroke, which shows the potential for ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No 4138 Linglongshan Road, Qingzhou, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Liqiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No 4138 Linglongshan Road, Qingzhou, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao West Coast New Area Central Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Qingzhoushi People's Hospital, Qingzhou, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No 4138 Linglongshan Road, Qingzhou, 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Yunan Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, No 4138 Linglongshan Road, Qingzhou, 262500, Shandong, China.
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Yu F, Li BY, Yin M, Lu WD, Li XL, Cheng M, Gao HQ. Proteomic analysis of liver mitochondria of db/db mice treated with grape seed procyanidin B2. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13443. [PMID: 32815169 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic damage has been recognized as one of the major complications in diabetes mellitus. Our previous studies have verified that grape seed procyanidin B2 (GSPB2) played a protective effect on hepatic damage of diabetes. We used isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation proteomics here to identify the alterant mitochondrial protein profile in diabetic liver and to seek the protective targets of GSPB2. Proteomics found that 171 proteins were upregulated or downregulated in the liver mitochondria of diabetic group compared to the control group. Of these proteins, 61 were normalized after GSPB2 treatment. These back-regulated proteins are involved in the process of fatty acid oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Some differentially expressed proteins were confirmed by western blotting. Our study might help to better understand the mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic liver damage, and provide novel targets for estimating the protective effects of GSPB2. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Grape seed procyanidin B2 (GSPB2), a polyphenolic component found in red wine and grapes, has beneficial effects such as antioxidative stress, antiapoptosis, and cardiovascular protection. We used proteomics here to identify the differentially expressed mitochondrial proteins in diabetic liver after GSPB2 treatment and to seek the protective targets of GSPB2. We found that the differentially expressed proteins were involved in carbon metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid metabolism, citrate cycle, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. These proteins may play a key role in diabetic hepatic damage as functional proteins. Targeting these proteins including apply of GSPB2 could potentially lead to an effective treatment in the diabetic hepatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bao-Ying Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Bai-Ren Hospital of Weinan, Weinan, China
| | - Mei Yin
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei-Da Lu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai-Qing Gao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Gianella M, Balestrazzi A, Pagano A, Müller JV, Kyratzis AC, Kikodze D, Canella M, Mondoni A, Rossi G, Guzzon F. Heteromorphic seeds of wheat wild relatives show germination niche differentiation. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:191-202. [PMID: 31639249 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Crop wild relatives are fundamental genetic resources for crop improvement. Wheat wild relatives often produce heteromorphic seeds that differ in morphological and physiological traits. Several Aegilops and Triticum species possess, within the same spikelet, a dimorphic seed pair, with one seed being larger than the other. A comprehensive analysis is needed to understand which traits are involved in seed dimorphism and if these aspects of variation in dimorphic pairs are functionally related. To this end, dispersal units of Triticum urartu and five Aegilops species were X-rayed and the different seed morphs weighed. Germination tests were carried out on seeds, both dehulled and left in their dispersal units. Controlled ageing tests were performed to detect differences in seed longevity among seed morphs, and the antioxidant profile was assessed in terms of antioxidant compounds equipment and expression of selected antioxidant genes. We used PCA to group seed morphs sharing similar patterns of germination traits, longevity estimates and antioxidant profile. Different seed morphs differed significantly in terms of mass, final germination, germination timing, longevity estimates and antioxidant profile in most of the tested species. Small seeds germinated slower, had lower germination when left in their dispersal units, a higher antioxidant potential and were longer-lived than large seeds. The antioxidant gene expression varied between morphs, with different patterns across species but not clearly reflecting the phenotypic observations. The results highlight different trait trade-offs in dimorphic seeds of Aegilops and T. urartu, affecting their germination phenology and longevity, thereby resulting in recruitment niche differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gianella
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Balestrazzi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Pagano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - J V Müller
- Millennium Seed Bank, Conservation Science Department, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Wakehurst Place, UK
| | - A C Kyratzis
- Vegetable Crops Sector, Agricultural Research Institute of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - D Kikodze
- Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - M Canella
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - A Mondoni
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - G Rossi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Guzzon
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
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Li X, Gao Z, Xu L, Li B, Gao H. Over-expression of arginine vasopressin in magnocellular neurosecretory cells of hypothalamus and its potential relationship with development of diabetic nephropathy. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:1130-1139. [PMID: 32864002 PMCID: PMC7444698 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.92402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to assess our hypothesis that the expression changes of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) of hypothalamus and V2 receptor for AVP (RVP) in kidney may contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-five male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the control group and the diabetes mellitus (DM) group. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and electron microscopy were used for morphological studies. Immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is standard for visualization of reactive astrocytes in the hypothalamus. Hypothalamus was used for immunofluorescence of AVP. Kidney was used for immunohistochemical staining of RVP. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used for quantitative determinations of AVP mRNA in hypothalamus and RVP mRNA in kidney. Western blot was used to measure the protein expression of AVP in hypothalamus and RVP in kidney. RESULTS Morphological studies showed abnormalities in kidney and hypothalamus in the DM group. The number of neurons and the gray value of astrocytes in hypothalamus in the DM group were markedly decreased. The expression level of AVP in hypothalamus and the expression level of RVP in kidney of DM rats were significantly increased. The positive correlations between the proteinuria and expression (mRNA and protein) of AVP, proteinuria and expression (mRNA and protein) of RVP, and the expression of AVP and RVP levels were found. CONCLUSIONS AVP was upregulated in the MNCs of hypothalamus and RVP was upregulated in kidney in streptozotocin-induced DM rats, indicating their potential roles in the development of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Li
- Department of Nephrology, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoli Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Baoying Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haiqing Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Natural Hydrogen Sulfide Donors from Allium sp. as a Nutraceutical Approach in Type 2 Diabetes Prevention and Therapy. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071581. [PMID: 31336965 PMCID: PMC6682899 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a socially relevant chronic disease with high prevalence worldwide. DM may lead to several vascular, macrovascular, and microvascular complications (cerebrovascular, coronary artery, and peripheral arterial diseases, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy), often accelerating the progression of atherosclerosis. Dietary therapy is generally considered to be the first step in the treatment of diabetic patients. Among the current therapeutic options, such as insulin therapy and hypoglycemic drugs, in recent years, attention has been shifting to the effects and properties-that are still not completely known-of medicinal plants as valid and inexpensive therapeutic supports with limited side effects. In this review, we report the relevant effects of medicinal plants and nutraceuticals in diabetes. In particular, we paid attention to the organosulfur compounds (OSCs) present in plant extracts that due to their antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects, can contribute as cardioprotective agents in type 2 DM. OSCs derived from garlic (Allium sp.), due to their properties, can represent a valuable support to the diet in type 2 DM, as outlined in this manuscript based on both in vitro and in vivo studies. Moreover, a relevant characteristic of garlic OSCs is their ability to produce the gasotransmitter H2S, and many of their effects can be explained by this property. Indeed, in recent years, several studies have demonstrated the relevant effects of endogenous and exogenous H2S in human DM, including by in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical trials; therefore, here, we summarize the effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of H2S and natural H2S donors.
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Laddha AP, Kulkarni YA. Tannins and vascular complications of Diabetes: An update. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 56:229-245. [PMID: 30668344 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with persistent increased level of glucose in the blood. According to a report by World Health Organisation (WHO), prevalence of diabetes among adults over 18 years of age had reached to 8.5% in year 2014 which was 4.7% in 1980s. The Prolong increased level of glucose in blood leads to development of microvascular (blindness, nephropathy and neuropathy) and macrovascular (cardiovascular and stroke) degenerative complications because of uncontrolled level of glucose in blood. This also leads to the progression of oxidative stress and affecting metabolic, genetic and haemodynamic system by activation of polyol pathway, protein kinase C pathway, hexosamine pathway and increases advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation. Diabetes mellitus and its associated complications are one of the major leading causes of mortality worldwide. Various natural products like alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids and polyphenols are reported for their activity in management of diabetes and its associated diabetic complications. Tannins are systematically studied by many researchers in past few decades for their effect in diabetes and its complications. AIM The present review was designed to compile the data of tannins and their beneficial effects in the management of diabetic complications. METHOD Literature search was performed using various dataset like pubmed, EBSCO, proQuest Scopus and selected websites including the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the World Health Organization (WHO). RESULTS Globally, more than 400 natural products have been investigated in diabetes and its complications. Tannins are the polyphenolic compounds present in many medicinal plants and various dietary sources like fruits, nuts, grains, spices and beverages. Various reports have shown that compounds like gallic acid, ellagic acid, catechin, epicatechin and procynidins from medicinal plants play major role in controlling progression of diabetes and its related complications by acting on molecular pathways and key targets involved in progression. Many chemists used above mentioned phyto-constituents as a pharmacophore for the developing new chemical entities having higher therapeutic benefits in management of diabetic complications. CONCLUSION This review focuses on the role of various tannins in prevention and management of diabetic complications like diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic cardiomyopathy. It will help researchers to find some leads for the development of new cost effective therapy using dietary source for the management of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit P Laddha
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400 056, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai 400 056, India.
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Gao Z, Liu G, Hu Z, Shi W, Chen B, Zou P, Li X. Grape seed proanthocyanidins protect against streptozotocin‑induced diabetic nephropathy by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress‑induced apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1447-1454. [PMID: 29901130 PMCID: PMC6072170 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is by far the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in industrial countries, accounting for ~45% of all new ESRD cases in the United States. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts (GSPE) are powerful antioxidants, with an antioxidant ability 50-fold greater than that of vitamin E and 20-fold greater than that of vitamin C. The present study investigated whether GSPE can protect against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN and aimed to elucidate a possible mechanism. Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control group (N), diabetes mellitus group (DM) injected with 40 mg/kg STZ, and the GSPE treatment group (intragastric administration of 250 mg/kg/day GSPE for 16 weeks after diabetes was induced in the rats). Blood and kidney samples were collected after treatment. The renal pathological changes were determined with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, while the protein expression levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), phosphorylated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and Caspase-12 were determined by western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Apoptosis was determined with a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Compared with the DM group, the GSPE group had no significant changes in the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level and serum creatinine (Scr) level, but showed a significant decline in the renal index (RI) level and 24-h urinary albumin level (P<0.05). The histopathology results indicated very little pathological damage in the GSPE group. Compared with the DM group, the GSPE group had a significantly reduced number of TUNEL-positive cells (P<0.05), and the GSPE group had an obvious reduction in the protein expression of GRP78, p-ERK, and Caspase-12 (P<0.05). In this study, the results indicated that GSPE can protect renal function and attenuate endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis via the Caspase-12 pathway in STZ-induced DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoli Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong University Qi Lu Hospital Qing‑Dao, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Guangyi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong University Qi Lu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong University Qi Lu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, Jinan Central Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Binbin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Peimei Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Xianhua Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong University Qi Lu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Badavi M, Bazaz A, Dianat M, Sarkaki A. Gallic acid improves endothelium-dependent vasodilatory response to histamine in the mesenteric vascular bed of diabetic rats. J Diabetes 2017; 9:1003-1011. [PMID: 27943652 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction is one of the many complications caused by diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of gallic acid (GA) on the mesenteric vascular bed (MVB) response to histamine in diabetic rats. METHODS Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control group, an untreated alloxan-induced diabetic group and three diabetic groups treated with different doses of GA. Six weeks after induction of diabetes and GA treatment, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, and the vasodilatory response to histamine of the MVB (measured as changes in perfusion pressure) were determined. RESULTS The vasodilatory response to histamine and TAC decreased, whereas MDA increased in the plasma from diabetic rats (P < 0.01). However, in the presence of 3 × 10-5 mol/L N G -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) and 1 × 10-5 mol/L indomethacin (an inhibitor of prostaglandin production), the vasodilatory response of the MVB to histamine was reduced in all groups (P < 0.001). Treatment of diabetic rats with 20 and 40 mg/kg per day GA, but not 10 mg/kg per day GA, increased TAC and decreased MDA concentrations (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 vs untreated diabetic rats, respectively) and significantly improved the vasodilatory response to histamine (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION The results show that, in diabetic rats, the endothelium-dependent vasodilatory response of the MVB to histamine is significantly decreased and depends on both nitric oxide- and prostaglandin-producing pathways and may be mediated by oxidative stress. Treatment with the antioxidant GA restored the vasodilatory response of the MVB to histamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Badavi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
- Ahvaz Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
- Atherosclerosis Research Center at Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
| | - Amir Bazaz
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
- Ahvaz Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
- Ahvaz Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran
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Farzaei F, Morovati MR, Farjadmand F, Farzaei MH. A Mechanistic Review on Medicinal Plants Used for Diabetes Mellitus in Traditional Persian Medicine. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2017; 22:944-955. [PMID: 29228789 PMCID: PMC5871259 DOI: 10.1177/2156587216686461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Traditional medicines worldwide suggest a wide range of natural remedies for the prevention and treatment of chronic disorders, including diabetes mellitus. This mechanistic review aims to highlight the significance of medicinal plants traditionally used as dietary supplements in Persian medicine in adjunct with restricted conventional drugs for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus. Mounting evidence suggests that these natural agents perform their protective and therapeutic effect on diabetes mellitus via several cellular mechanisms, including regeneration of pancreatic β cell, limitation of glycogen degradation and gluconeogenesis, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, antiapoptosis, antioxidative stress, as well as modulation of intracellular signaling transduction pathways. In conclusion, traditional medicinal plants used in Persian medicine can be considered as dietary supplements with therapeutic potential for diabetes mellitus and maybe potential sources of new orally active agent(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | | | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Kermanshah, Iran
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Aluksanasuwan S, Khamchun S, Thongboonkerd V. Targeted functional investigations guided by integrative proteome network analysis revealed significant perturbations of renal tubular cell functions induced by high glucose. Proteomics 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siripat Aluksanasuwan
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development; and Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital; and Center for Research in Complex Systems Science; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Supaporn Khamchun
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development; and Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital; and Center for Research in Complex Systems Science; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development; and Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital; and Center for Research in Complex Systems Science; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
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Aluksanasuwan S, Sueksakit K, Fong-Ngern K, Thongboonkerd V. Role of HSP60 (HSPD1) in diabetes-induced renal tubular dysfunction: regulation of intracellular protein aggregation, ATP production, and oxidative stress. FASEB J 2017; 31:2157-2167. [PMID: 28196897 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600910rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Because underlying mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy/tubulopathy remained poorly understood, we aimed to define a key protein involving in hyperglycemia-induced renal tubular dysfunction. All altered renal proteins identified from previous large-scale proteome studies were subjected to global protein network analysis, which revealed heat shock protein 60 (HSP60, also known as HSPD1) as the central node of protein-protein interactions. Functional validation was performed using small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knock down HSP60 (siHSP60). At 48 h after exposure to high glucose (HG) (25 mM), Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) renal tubular cells transfected with controlled siRNA (siControl) had significantly increased level of HSP60 compared to normal glucose (NG) (5.5 mM), whereas siHSP60-transfected cells showed a dramatically decreased HSP60 level. siHSP60 modestly increased intracellular protein aggregates in both NG and HG conditions. Luciferin-luciferase assay showed that HG modestly increased intracellular ATP, and siHSP60 further enhanced such an increase. OxyBlot assay showed significantly increased level of oxidized proteins in HG-treated siControl-transfected cells, whereas siHSP60 caused marked increase of oxidized proteins under the NG condition. However, the siHSP60-induced accumulation of oxidized proteins was abolished by HG. In summary, our data demonstrated that HSP60 plays roles in regulation of intracellular protein aggregation, ATP production, and oxidative stress in renal tubular cells. Its involvement in HG-induced tubular cell dysfunction was most likely via regulation of intracellular ATP production.-Aluksanasuwan, S., Sueksakit, K., Fong-ngern, K., Thongboonkerd, V. Role of HSP60 (HSPD1) in diabetes-induced renal tubular dysfunction: regulation of intracellular protein aggregation, ATP production, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siripat Aluksanasuwan
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center for Research in Complex Systems Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanyarat Sueksakit
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center for Research in Complex Systems Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kedsarin Fong-Ngern
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Center for Research in Complex Systems Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; .,Center for Research in Complex Systems Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Impact of γ-rays on seed germination/short-term storage in four native alpine species: Correlation with free radical and antioxidant profiles. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Nematbakhsh M, Pezeshki Z, Eshraghi Jazi F, Mazaheri B, Moeini M, Safari T, Azarkish F, Moslemi F, Maleki M, Rezaei A, Saberi S, Dehghani A, Malek M, Mansouri A, Ghasemi M, Zeinali F, Zamani Z, Navidi M, Jilanchi S, Shirdavani S, Ashrafi F. Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity; Protective Supplements and Gender Differences. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:295-314. [PMID: 28345324 PMCID: PMC5454720 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.2.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) has been widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent for solid tumors. The most common side effect of CDDP is nephrotoxicity, and many efforts have been made in the laboratory and the clinic to employ candidate adjuvants to CDDP to minimize this adverse influence. Many synthetic and herbal antioxidants as well as trace elements have been investigated for this purpose in recent years and a variety of positive and negative results have been yielded. However, no definitive supplement has so far been proposed to prevent CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity; however, this condition is gender related and the sex hormone estrogen may protect the kidney against CDDP damage. In this review, the results of research related to the effect of different synthetic and herbal antioxidants supplements are presented and discussed with suggestions included for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Nematbakhsh
- Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Department of Physiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. *
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Pagano A, Araújo SDS, Macovei A, Leonetti P, Balestrazzi A. The Seed Repair Response during Germination: Disclosing Correlations between DNA Repair, Antioxidant Response, and Chromatin Remodeling in Medicago truncatula. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1972. [PMID: 29184569 PMCID: PMC5694548 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This work provides novel insights into the effects caused by the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) during Medicago truncatula seed germination, with emphasis on the seed repair response. Seeds treated with H2O and TSA (10 and 20 μM) were collected during imbibition (8 h) and at the radicle protrusion phase. Biometric data showed delayed germination and impaired seedling growth in TSA-treated samples. Comet assay, performed on radicles at the protrusion phase and 4-days old M. truncatula seedlings, revealed accumulation of DNA strand breaks upon exposure to TSA. Activation of DNA repair toward TSA-mediated genotoxic damage was evidenced by the up-regulation of MtOGG1(8-OXOGUANINE GLYCOSYLASE/LYASE) gene involved in the removal of oxidative DNA lesions, MtLIGIV(LIGASE IV) gene, a key determinant of seed quality, required for the rejoining of DNA double strand breaks and TDP(TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE) genes encoding the multipurpose DNA repair enzymes tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterases. Since radical scavenging can prevent DNA damage, the specific antioxidant activity (SAA) was measured by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assays. Fluctuations of SAA were observed in TSA-treated seeds/seedlings concomitant with the up-regulation of antioxidant genes MtSOD(SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE, MtAPX(ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE) and MtMT2(TYPE 2 METALLOTHIONEIN). Chromatin remodeling, required to facilitate the access of DNA repair enzymes at the damaged sites, is also part of the multifaceted seed repair response. To address this aspect, still poorly explored in plants, the MtTRRAP(TRANSFORMATION/TRANSACTIVATION DOMAIN-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN) gene was analyzed. TRRAP is a transcriptional adaptor, so far characterized only in human cells where it is needed for the recruitment of histone acetyltransferase complexes to chromatin during DNA repair. The MtTRRAP gene and the predicted interacting partners MtHAM2 (HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASE OF THE MYST FAMILY) and MtADA2A (TRANSCRIPTIONAL ADAPTOR) showed tissue- and dose-dependent fluctuations in transcript levels. PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and correlation analyses suggest for a new putative link between DNA repair and chromatin remodeling that involves MtOGG1 and MtTRRAP genes, in the context of seed germination. Interesting correlations also connect DNA repair and chromatin remodeling with antioxidant players and proliferation markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pagano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Susana de Sousa Araújo
- Plant Cell Biotechnology, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB-NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Anca Macovei
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Leonetti
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (CNR), Bari, Italy
| | - Alma Balestrazzi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Lazzaro Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alma Balestrazzi
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19
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He C, Gao G, Zhang J, Duan A, Luo H. Proteome profiling reveals insights into cold-tolerant growth in sea buckthorn. Proteome Sci 2016; 14:14. [PMID: 27761102 PMCID: PMC5054542 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-016-0103-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low temperature is one of the crucial environmental factors limiting the productivity and distribution of plants. Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), a well recognized multipurpose plant species, live successfully in in cold desert regions. But their molecular mechanisms underlying cold tolerance are not well understood. Methods Physiological and biochemical responses to low-temperature stress were studied in seedlings of sea buckthorn. Differentially expressed protein spots were analyzed using multiplexing fluorescent two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight/time-of-flight (TOF/TOF) mass spectrometry (MS), the concentration of phytohormone was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and a spectrophotometric assay was used to measure enzymatic reactions. Results With the increase of cold stress intensity, the photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance in leaves and contents of abscisic acid (ABA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) in roots decreased significantly; however, water-use efficiency, ABA and zeatin riboside in leaves increased significantly, while cell membrane permeability, malondialdehyde and IAA in leaves increased at 7 d and then decreased at 14 d. DIGE and MS/MS analysis identified 32 of 39 differentially expressed protein spots under low-temperature stress, and their functions were mainly involved in metabolism, photosynthesis, signal transduction, antioxidative systems and post-translational modification. Conclusion The changed protein abundance and corresponding physiological–biochemical response shed light on the molecular mechanisms related to cold tolerance in cold-tolerant plants and provide key candidate proteins for genetic improvement of plants. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12953-016-0103-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun He
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guori Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, People's Republic of China ; Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Luo
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, InnerMonglia, People's Republic of China
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20
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He CY, Zhang GY, Zhang JG, Duan AG, Luo HM. Physiological, biochemical, and proteome profiling reveals key pathways underlying the drought stress responses of Hippophae rhamnoides. Proteomics 2016; 16:2688-2697. [PMID: 27546101 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of drought on plant growth and development are occurring as a result of climate change and the growing scarcity of water resources. Hippophae rhamnoides has been exploited for soil and water conservation for many years. However, the outstanding drought-resistance mechanisms possessed by this species remain unclear. The protein, physiological, and biochemical responses to medium and severe drought stresses in H. rhamnoides seedlings are analyzed. Linear decreases in photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, and the content of indole acetic acid in roots, as well as a linear increase in the contents of abscisic acid, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and zeatin riboside in leaves are observed as water potential decreased. At the same time, cell membrane permeability, malondialdehyde, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, and contents of zeatin riboside in roots and indole acetic acid in leaves showed nonconsistent changes. DIGE and MS/MS analysis identified 51 differently expressed protein spots in leaves with functions related to epigenetic modification and PTM in addition to normal metabolism, photosynthesis, signal transduction, antioxidative systems, and responses to stimuli. This study provides new insights into the responses and adaptations in this drought-resistant species and may benefit future agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Y He
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Guo Y Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jian G Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, P. R. China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
| | - Ai G Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hong M Luo
- Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Inner Monglia, P. R. China
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Zhang Z, Li Y, Li Y. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts prevent hyperglycemia-induced monocyte adhesion to aortic endothelial cells and ameliorates vascular inflammation in high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 67:524-34. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2016.1154020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bakar E, Ulucam E, Cerkezkayabekir A. Investigation of the protective effects of proanthocyanidin and vitamin E against the toxic effect caused by formaldehyde on the liver tissue. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:1406-1415. [PMID: 24930571 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate of protective role of proanthocyanidin (PA) and vitamin E (vit E) against to toxic effect of formaldehyde (FA). Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control group, rats treated with FA intraperitoneal (i.p.) (10 mg/kg), FA + vit E intragastric (i.g.) (30 mg/kg), and FA + PA i.g. (100 mg/kg). We assayed superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total sialic acid (TSA) in liver. Liver tissue was taken in order to morphological analysis and hepatocytes apoptosis using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay immunostaining. SOD decreased in FA and increased in FA + vit E and FA + PA (p < 0.05). Gpx didn't change in FA and increased in FA + PA (p < 0.05). No significant variation between the groups was found in MPO activity. MDA increased only in FA and decreased in FA + vit E and FA+PA (p < 0.05). TSA didn't alter in FA and FA + vit E but decreased in FA + PA (p < 0.05). Degeneration in hepatocytes and endothelial cells, cytoplasm losses, vacuolization, picnotic nuclei, and mononuclear cell infiltration were identified in FA. Degeneration in chromatin material, membrane damage in mitochondria and losses in mitochondrial cristae in hepatocytes were observed in FA. We found that partially recovery in liver as a result of FA + vit E and FA + PA. We have concluded that long term use should be investigated for complete explanation of PA's protective effects on FA toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvan Bakar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Enis Ulucam
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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24
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Farzaei MH, Rahimi R, Farzaei F, Abdollahi M. Traditional Medicinal Herbs for the Management of Diabetes and its Complications: An Evidence-Based Review. INT J PHARMACOL 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2015.874.887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Liu JY, Chen XX, Tang SCW, Lao LX, Sze SCW, Lee KF, Zhang KYB. Edible plants from traditional Chinese medicine is a promising alternative for the management of diabetic nephropathy. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Sönmez MF, Tascioglu S. Protective effects of grape seed extract on cadmium-induced testicular damage, apoptosis, and endothelial nitric oxide synthases expression in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2015; 32:1486-1494. [PMID: 25614582 DOI: 10.1177/0748233714566874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on cadmium (Cd)-induced testicular apoptosis, endothelial nitric oxide synthases (eNOS) expression, and toxicity in rats. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, namely, control, Cd (2.5 mg/kg), Cd + GSPE (100 mg/kg/day), and GSPE. Spermatogenesis and mean seminiferous tubule diameter were significantly decreased in the Cd groups. Furthermore, the GSPE-treated animals showed an improved histological appearance in the Cd group. The immunoreactivity of eNOS and the number of apoptotic cells were increased in Cd group. Our data indicate a significant reduction of terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nick end-labeling staining and a decrease in the expression of eNOS in the testes tissue of the Cd group treated with GSPE therapy. Therefore, our results suggest that GSPE acts as a potent protective agent against Cd-induced testicular toxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Fatih Sönmez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Simge Tascioglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Güçlü A, Yonguç N, Dodurga Y, Gündoğdu G, Güçlü Z, Yonguç T, Adıgüzel E, Turkmen K. The effects of grape seed on apoptosis-related gene expression and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Ren Fail 2015; 37:192-7. [PMID: 25565258 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.991996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease. Emerging evidences indicate that many mechanistic pathways including apoptosis play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study is to show the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on oxidative stress and apoptosis in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included control group, diabetic group without treatment and diabetic group treated with GSE (n=7) group. GSE was given orally (100 mg/kg/day) for six weeks. Following parameters were evaluated; oxidative stress index, caspase 1, IL1-alpha, caspase 2, IL1-beta, BCL2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD), X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), DNA fragmentation factor, alpha subunit and beta bubunit (DFFA, DFFB), BH3 interacting domain death agonist (BID), caspase 6, Bcl2-like 1 (BCL-XL), caspase 8, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1 b (TNFRSF1B) and IAP-binding mitochondrial protein (DIABLO). RESULTS Oxidative stress index levels were significantly increased in the kidney of diabetic group without treatment compared to control group, and decreased in diabetic+GSE group compared to diabetic group without treatment. In the kidney of diabetic group without treatment, caspase 1, IL-1 alpha, BAD, DFFA, DFFB and caspase-6 gene expressions were significantly higher compared to control group. In diabetic+GSE group caspase 1, caspase 2, XIAP, DFFA, BID, BCL-XL and TNFRSF1B genes were significantly decreased compared to control group. CONCLUSIONS Grape seed reduces oxidative stress and apoptosis gene expression suggesting the protective effect on diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydın Güçlü
- Department of Nephrology, Ahi Evran University Training and Research Hospital , Kırşehir , Turkey
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BAO LEI, ZHANG ZHAOFENG, DAI XIAOQIAN, DING YE, JIANG YANFEI, LI YUJIE, LI YONG. Effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract on renal injury in type 2 diabetic rats. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:645-52. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Bakar E, Ulucam E, Cerkezkayabekir A. Protective effects of proanthocyanidin and vitamin E against toxic effects of formaldehyde in kidney tissue. Biotech Histochem 2014; 90:69-78. [DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2014.954620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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Bao L, Cai X, Dai X, Ding Y, Jiang Y, Li Y, Zhang Z, Li Y. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts ameliorate podocyte injury by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α in low-dose streptozotocin-and high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet-induced diabetic rats. Food Funct 2014; 5:1872-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00340c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Grape Seed Procyanidin B2 Inhibits Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Migration Induced by Advanced Glycation End Products. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 75:1692-7. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extracts on Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity in Streptozocin Induced Diabetic Rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 73:1348-54. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.90008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Jiang B, Guo L, Li BY, Zhen JH, Song J, Peng T, Yang XD, Hu Z, Gao HQ. Resveratrol attenuates early diabetic nephropathy by down-regulating glutathione s-transferases Mu in diabetic rats. J Med Food 2014; 16:481-6. [PMID: 23767859 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2012.2686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the major cause of end-stage renal disease. Resveratrol has been shown to ameliorate hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. However, the effects of resveratrol on DN remain unknown. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of resveratrol on early-stage DN. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection in male Wistar rats. The diabetic rats were treated with resveratrol at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight for 8 weeks. Plasma glucose, creatinine, kidney/body weight ratio, and 24-h urinary protein were determined. The renal pathological changes were examined with periodic acid Schiff staining, and renal mesangial cells were cultured in high glucose concentrations with indicated concentrations of resveratrol (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 μmol/L). The proliferation of mesangial cells was evaluated by methylthiazoletetrazolium assay. Expressions of glutathione S-transferases Mu (GSTM) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were detected by western blot, and apoptosis was analyzed using a flow cytometer. Resveratrol reduced plasma glucose, creatinine, and urinary protein excretion, and attenuated renal hypertrophy. Moreover, resveratrol also reduced the expression of GSTM in diabetic rats. In vitro, resveratrol inhibited the proliferation of mesangial cells caused by high glucose and down-regulated GSTM and Nrf2 expressions in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that resveratrol help prevent the progression of DN. The renoprotection by resveratrol is in part mediated through the inhibition of high glucose-induced rat mesangial cell proliferation and downregulation of GSTM expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Gao Z, Liu G, Hu Z, Li X, Yang X, Jiang B, Li X. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract protects from cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:801-7. [PMID: 24399449 PMCID: PMC3926513 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.1883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is used as an antineoplastic drug in the clinic, but its nephrotoxicity limits its use. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) is a powerful antioxidant. In this study, we investigated whether GSPE can prevent CP-induced nephrotoxicity and explored the underlying mechanism. Male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: control group (N), CP group (C), receiving an intraperitoneal (ip) injection of 20 mg/kg CP, GSPE group (G), receiving an intragastric (ig) dose of 500 mg/kg GSPE, and CP+GSPE group (C+G), where ig administration of GSPE was performed 30 min prior to ip injection of CP, followed by an additional ig administration of GSPE 72 h later. Blood and kidney samples were collected 120 h after treatment. The pathological changes in the kidney were examined by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, while the protein levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), phosphorylated‑extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) and caspase-12 were examined by western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Apoptosis was examined by a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‑end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Compared to the CP group, the CP+GSPE group had a significant decrease in the level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr) and reduced renal index (RI) (P<0.05), and showed limited histopathological damage. The number of TUNEL-positive cells was significantly reduced in the CP+GSPE group compared to the CP group (P<0.05), and the protein expression of GRP78, p-ERK and caspase-12 was significantly reduced in the CP+GSPE group (P<0.05). We conclude that GSPE can protect the renal function from CP-induced nephrotoxicity and can attenuate the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‑induced apoptosis via regulation of the caspase-12 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoli Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Guangyi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Nephrology, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xianhua Li
- Department of Nephrology, Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Badavi M, Abedi HA, Sarkaki AR, Dianat M. Co-administration of Grape Seed Extract and Exercise Training Improves Endothelial Dysfunction of Coronary Vascular Bed of STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2013; 15:e7624. [PMID: 24693368 PMCID: PMC3950780 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.7624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background One of the known complications of diabetes mellitus is vascular dysfunction. Inability of the coronary vascular response to cardiac hyperactivity might cause a higher incidence of ischemic heart disease in diabetic subjects. It has been indicated that regular exercise training and antioxidants could prevent diabetic cardiovascular problems enhanced by vascular damage. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the effects of grape seed extract (as antioxidant), with and without exercise training on coronary vascular function in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods Fifty male Wistar rats weighing 200 – 232 grams were randomly divided into five groups of 10 rats each: sedentary control, sedentary diabetic, trained diabetic, grape seed extract (200 mg/kg) treated sedentary diabetic and, grape seed extract treated trained diabetic. Diabetes was induced by one intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. After eight weeks, coronary vascular responses to vasoactive agents were determined. Results The endothelium dependent vasorelaxation to acetylcholine was reduced significantly in diabetic animals; exercise training or grape seed extract administration partially improves this response. However, exercise training in combination with grape seed extract restores endothelial function completely. The endothelium independent vasorelaxation to sodium nitroprusside was improved by combination of exercise training and grape seed extract. On the other hand, the basal perfusion pressure and vasoconstrictive response to phenylephrine did not change significantly. Conclusions The data indicated that co-administration of grape seed extract and exercise training had more significant effects than exercise training or grape seed extract alone; this may constitute a convenient and inexpensive therapeutic approach to diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Badavi
- Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Hassan Ali Abedi
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Hassan Ali Abedi, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, IR Iran. Tel: +98-7913340405, Fax: +98-7914440072, E-mail:
| | - Ali Reza Sarkaki
- Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Physiology Research Center, Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
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Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. Dietary polyphenols as potential nutraceuticals in management of diabetes: a review. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2013; 12:43. [PMID: 23938049 PMCID: PMC7968452 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-12-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there is growing evidence that plant-foods polyphenols, due to their biological properties, may be unique nutraceuticals and supplementary treatments for various aspects of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this article we have reviewed the potential efficacies of polyphenols, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, lignans and polymeric lignans, on metabolic disorders and complications induced by diabetes. Based on several in vitro, animal models and some human studies, dietary plant polyphenols and polyphenol-rich products modulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, attenuate hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, improve adipose tissue metabolism, and alleviate oxidative stress and stress-sensitive signaling pathways and inflammatory processes. Polyphenolic compounds can also prevent the development of long-term diabetes complications including cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy. Further investigations as human clinical studies are needed to obtain the optimum dose and duration of supplementation with polyphenolic compounds in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahadoran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46 Arghavan-e-gharbi St, Farahzadi Blv, Shahrak-e-Ghods, 19395-4741 Tehran, Iran.
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Li XL, Li BY, Cheng M, Yu F, Yin WB, Cai Q, Zhang Z, Zhang JH, Wang JF, Zhou RH, Gao HQ. PIMT prevents the apoptosis of endothelial cells in response to glycated low density lipoproteins and protective effects of grape seed procyanidin B2. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69979. [PMID: 23922881 PMCID: PMC3724603 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of diabetic angiopathy is associated with profound vascular endothelial cells (VEC) dysfunction and apoptosis. Glycated low density lipoproteins (gly-LDL) continuously produced in the setting of diabetic patients play an important role in causing VEC dysfunction and apoptosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely elusive. Protein L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT) is a widely expressed protein repair enzyme by multiple cell types of arterial wall including VEC. Our previous proteomic studies showed that the expression of PIMT was significantly decreased in the aorta of diabetic rats as compared with control rats and treatment with grape seed procyanidin extracts significantly increased the PIMT expression in diabetic rats. We hypothesized that PIMT plays a critical role in gly-LDL induced VEC apoptosis; grape seed procyanidin B2 (GSPB2) protect against gly-LDL induced VEC apoptosis through PIMT regulation. Methods and Results HUVEC transfected negative control and PIMT siRNA were treated with or without GSPB2 (10 µmol/L) for 48 h. Moreover, HUVEC of PIMT overexpression were stimulated by gly-LDL (50 µg/ml) in the presence or absence of GSPB2 (10 µmol/L) for 48 h. Our results showed that gly-LDL downregulated PIMT expression and PIMT overexpression or GSPB2 significantly attenuated gly-LDL induced VEC apoptosis. PIMT siRNA increased VEC apoptosis with up-regulation of p53, cytochrome c release, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation. Mechanistically, overexpression of PIMT or GSPB2 increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and GSK3β in the gly-LDL induced VEC. Conclusion In summary, our study identified PIMT as a key player responsible for gly-LDL induced VEC apoptosis and GSPB2 protect against gly-LDL induced VEC apoptosis by PIMT up-regulation. Targeting PIMT including use of GSPB2 could be turned into clinical application in the fighting against diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-li Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Drug Purchase and Supply, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bao-ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-bin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian-hua Zhang
- Institute of Basic Science, Medical Science Academy of Shandong, Jinan, China
| | - Jun-fu Wang
- Institute of Basic Science, Medical Science Academy of Shandong, Jinan, China
| | - Rui-hai Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Hai-qing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- * E-mail:
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Ma Y, Yang C, Tao Y, Zhou H, Wang Y. Recent technological developments in proteomics shed new light on translational research on diabetic microangiopathy. FEBS J 2013; 280:5668-81. [PMID: 23763694 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic microangiopathy has become a heavy social burden worldwide, but at present it is still difficult to predict and diagnose this ailment at an early stage. Various proteomics approaches have been applied to the pathophysiological study of diabetic microangiopathy. Conventional proteomics methods, including gel-based methods, exhibit limited sensitivity and robustness and have typically been used in high- or middle-abundance biomarker discovery. Clinical samples from patients with diabetic microangiopathy, such as biopsy samples, are minute in size. Therefore sample preparation, quantitative labelling and mass spectrometry technologies need to be optimized for low-abundance protein detection, multiple-sample processing and precision quantitation. In this review, we briefly introduce the recent technological developments in proteomics methods and summarize current proteomics-based, translational research on diabetic microangiopathy. Recent technological developments in proteomics tools may shed new light on the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy and biomarkers and therapeutic targets related to this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Donà M, Balestrazzi A, Mondoni A, Rossi G, Ventura L, Buttafava A, Macovei A, Sabatini ME, Valassi A, Carbonera D. DNA profiling, telomere analysis and antioxidant properties as tools for monitoring ex situ seed longevity. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2013; 111:987-98. [PMID: 23532044 PMCID: PMC3631342 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mct058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The germination test currently represents the most used method to assess seed viability in germplasm banks, despite the difficulties caused by the occurrence of seed dormancy. Furthermore, seed longevity can vary considerably across species and populations from different environments, and studies related to the eco-physiological processes underlying such variations are still limited in their depth. The aim of the present work was the identification of reliable molecular markers that might help in monitoring seed deterioration. METHODS Dry seeds were subjected to artificial ageing and collected at different time points for molecular/biochemical analyses. DNA damage was measured using the RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) approach while the seed antioxidant profile was obtained using both the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl, 2-picrylhydrazyl) assay and the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) provided profiles of free radicals. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) was used to assess the expression profiles of the antioxidant genes MT2 (type 2 metallothionein) and SOD (superoxide dismutase). A modified QRT-PCR protocol was used to determine telomere length. KEY RESULTS The RAPD profiles highlighted different capacities of the two Silene species to overcome DNA damage induced by artificial ageing. The antioxidant profiles of dry and rehydrated seeds revealed that the high-altitude taxon Silene acaulis was characterized by a lower antioxidant specific activity. Significant upregulation of the MT2 and SOD genes was observed only in the rehydrated seeds of the low-altitude species. Rehydration resulted in telomere lengthening in both Silene species. CONCLUSIONS Different seed viability markers have been selected for plant species showing inherent variation of seed longevity. RAPD analysis, quantification of redox activity of non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds and gene expression profiling provide deeper insights to study seed viability during storage. Telomere lengthening is a promising tool to discriminate between short- and long-lived species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Donà
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘L. Spallanzani’, Laboratori di Genetica e Microbiologia, Via Ferrata 1,
27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Balestrazzi
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘L. Spallanzani’, Laboratori di Genetica e Microbiologia, Via Ferrata 1,
27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Mondoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Via S. Epifanio 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - G. Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Via S. Epifanio 14, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - L. Ventura
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Buttafava
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Macovei
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘L. Spallanzani’, Laboratori di Genetica e Microbiologia, Via Ferrata 1,
27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - M. E. Sabatini
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘L. Spallanzani’, Laboratori di Genetica e Microbiologia, Via Ferrata 1,
27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A. Valassi
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘L. Spallanzani’, Laboratori di Genetica e Microbiologia, Via Ferrata 1,
27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - D. Carbonera
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘L. Spallanzani’, Laboratori di Genetica e Microbiologia, Via Ferrata 1,
27100 Pavia, Italy
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Zhang Z, Li BY, Li XL, Cheng M, Yu F, Lu WD, Cai Q, Wang JF, Zhou RH, Gao HQ, Shen L. Proteomic analysis of kidney and protective effects of grape seed procyanidin B2 in db/db mice indicate MFG-E8 as a key molecule in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:805-16. [PMID: 23474305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy, as a severe microvascular complication of diabetic mellitus, has become the leading cause of end-stage renal diseases. However, no effective therapeutic strategy has been developed to prevent renal damage progression to end stage renal disease. Hence, the present study evaluated the protective effects of grape seed procyanidin B2 (GSPB2) and explored its molecular targets underlying diabetic nephropathy by a comprehensive quantitative proteomic analysis in db/db mice. Here, we found that oral administration of GSPB2 significantly attenuated the renal dysfunction and pathological changes in db/db mice. Proteome analysis by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) identified 53 down-regulated and 60 up-regulated proteins after treatment with GSPB2 in db/db mice. Western blot analysis confirmed that milk fat globule EGF-8 (MFG-E8) was significantly up-regulated in diabetic kidney. MFG-E8 silencing by transfection of MFG-E8 shRNA improved renal histological lesions by inhibiting phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1⁄2), Akt and glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3β) in kidneys of db/db mice. In contrast, over-expression of MFG-E8 by injection of recombinant MFG-E8 resulted in the opposite effects. GSPB2 treatment significantly decreased protein levels of MFG-E8, phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-Akt, and phospho-GSK-3β in the kidneys of db/db mice. These findings yield insights into the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, revealing MFG-E8 as a new therapeutic target and indicating GSPB2 as a prospective therapy by down-regulation of MFG-E8, along with ERK1/2, Akt and GSK-3β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Qi-Lu Hospital of Shandong University, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics of Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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Proteomic analysis of aorta and protective effects of grape seed procyanidin B2 in db/db mice reveal a critical role of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-8 in diabetic arterial damage. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52541. [PMID: 23285083 PMCID: PMC3528673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis is one of the major complications of type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM), leading to morbidity and mortality. Grape seed procyanidin B2 (GSPB2) has demonstrated protective effect against atherosclerosis, which is believed to be, at least in part, a result of its antioxidative effects. The aim of this study is to identify the target protein of GSPB2 responsible for the protective effect against atherosclerosis in patients with DM. Methods and Results GSPB2 (30 mg/kg body weight/day) were administrated to db/db mice for 10 weeks. Proteomics of the aorta extracts by iTRAQ analysis was obtained from db/db mice. The results showed that expression of 557 proteins were either up- or down-regulated in the aorta of diabetic mice. Among those proteins, 139 proteins were normalized by GSPB2 to the levels comparable to those in control mice. Among the proteins regulated by GSPB2, the milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-8 (MFG-E8) was found to be increased in serum level in T2DM patients; the serum level of MFG-E8 was positively correlated with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV). Inhibition of MFG-E8 by RNA interference significantly suppressed whereas exogenous recombinant MFG-E8 administration exacerbated atherogenesis the db/db mice. To gain more insights into the mechanism of action of MFG-E8, we investigated the effects of MFG-E8 on the signal pathway involving the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Treatment with recombinant MFG-E8 led to increased whereas inhibition of MFG-E8 to decreased expression of MCP-1 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Conclusion Our data suggests that MFG-E8 plays an important role in atherogenesis in diabetes through both ERK and MCP-1 signaling pathways. GSPB2, a well-studied antioxidant, significantly inhibited the arterial wall changes favoring atherogenesis in db/db mice by down-regulating MFG-E8 expression in aorta and its serum level. Measuring MFG-E8 serum level could be a useful clinical surrogate prognosticating atherogenesis in DM patients.
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Pinent M, Cedó L, Montagut G, Blay M, Ardévol A. Procyanidins improve some disrupted glucose homoeostatic situations: an analysis of doses and treatments according to different animal models. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2012; 52:569-84. [PMID: 22530710 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2010.501533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This review analyses the potential beneficial effects of procyanidins, the main class of flavonoids, in situations in which glucose homeostasis is disrupted. Because the disruption of glucose homeostasis can occur as a result of various causes, we critically review the effects of procyanidins based on the specific origin of each type of disruption. Where little or no insulin is present (Type I diabetic animals), summarized studies of procyanidin treatment suggest that procyanidins have a short-lived insulin-mimetic effect on the internal targets of the organism, an effect not reproduced in normoglycemic, normoinsulinemic healthy animals. Insulin resistance (usually linked to hyperinsulinemia) poses a very different situation. Preventive studies using fructose-fed models indicate that procyanidins may be useful in preventing the induction of damage and thus in limiting hyperglycemia. But the results of other studies using models such as high-fat diet treated rats or genetically obese animals are controversial. Although the effects on glucose parameters are hazy, it is known that procyanidins target key tissues involved in its homeostasis. Interestingly, all available data suggest that procyanidins are more effective when administered in one acute load than when mixed with food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Pinent
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain
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Lee T, Kwon HS, Bang BR, Lee YS, Park MY, Moon KA, Kim TB, Lee KY, Moon HB, Cho YS. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract attenuates allergic inflammation in murine models of asthma. J Clin Immunol 2012; 32:1292-304. [PMID: 22836658 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-012-9742-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antioxidants have been suggested to alleviate the pathophysiological features of asthma, and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) has been reported to have powerful antioxidant activity. PURPOSE This study was performed to determine whether GSPE has a therapeutic effect on allergic airway inflammation in both acute and chronic murine model of asthma. METHODS Acute asthma model was generated by intraperitoneal sensitization of ovalbumin (OVA) with alum followed by aerosolized OVA challenges, whereas chronic asthma model was induced by repeated intranasal challenges of OVA with fungal protease twice a week for 8 weeks. GSPE was administered by either intraperitoneal injection or oral gavage before OVA challenges. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was measured, and airway inflammation was evaluated by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid analysis and histopathological examination of lung tissue. Lung tissue levels of various cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and ELISA. Glutathione assay was done to measure oxidative burden in lung tissue. RESULTS Compared to untreated asthmatic mice, mice treated with GSPE showed significantly reduced AHR, decreased inflammatory cells in the BAL fluid, reduced lung inflammation, and decreased IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and eotaxin-1 expression in both acute and chronic asthma models. Moreover, airway subepithelial fibrosis was reduced in the lung tissue of GSPE-treated chronic asthmatic mice compared to untreated asthmatic mice. Reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio was increased after GSPE treatment in acute asthmatic lung tissue. CONCLUSION GSPE effectively suppressed inflammation in both acute and chronic mouse models of asthma, suggesting a potential role of GSPE as a therapeutic agent for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehoon Lee
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea
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Ouédraogo M, Charles C, Ouédraogo M, Guissou IP, Stévigny C, Duez P. An Overview of Cancer Chemopreventive Potential and Safety of Proanthocyanidins. Nutr Cancer 2011; 63:1163-73. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2011.607549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Badavi M, Abedi H, Dianat M, Sarkaki A. Exercise Training and Grape Seed Extract Co-administration Improve Endothelial Dysfunction of Mesenteric Vascular Bed in STZ-induced Diabetic Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2011.813.820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Chang PC, Chung MC, Wang YP, Chien LY, Lim JC, Liang K, Chong LY, Kuo YP, Chen CH, Chiang HC. Patterns of diabetic periodontal wound repair: a study using micro-computed tomography and immunohistochemistry. J Periodontol 2011; 83:644-52. [PMID: 21966943 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2011.110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is known to impair wound healing and deteriorate the periodontal condition. There is limited information about the patterns and events associated with periodontal wound repair. In this study, we evaluate the dynamics of periodontal wound repair using micro-computed tomography (microCT) and immunohistochemistry. METHODS Thirty-six male rats were used, and diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. The maxillary first molars were extracted, and a tooth-associated osseous defect was created in the extraction area. Animals were sacrificed after 7, 14, and 21 days. Volumetry and distribution of bone trabeculae were evaluated by microCT imaging. The patterns of healing and collagen alignment were evaluated by histology. Advanced glycation end-product (AGE) deposition and expression of the receptor for AGEs (RAGE), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were evaluated by histochemical and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Diabetic animals demonstrated a significantly reduced bone volume and trabecular number as well as thinner trabeculae and more trabecular separation in osseous defects. The early stage was characterized by significantly reduced cellular proliferation and prolonged active inflammation without evident bone resorption, whereas delayed recovery of collagen realignment, matrix deposition, and bone turnover was noted in later stages. Although AGEs and RAGE were present during healing in diabetes and controls, a stronger and more persistent level of expression was observed in the group with diabetes CONCLUSIONS Diabetes significantly delayed osseous defect healing by augmenting inflammation, impairing proliferation, and delaying bone resorption. The AGE-RAGE axis can be activated under metabolic disturbance and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chun Chang
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Chougale AD, Bhat SP, Bhujbal SV, Zambare MR, Puntambekar S, Somani RS, Boppana R, Giri AP, Kulkarni MJ. Proteomic Analysis of Glycated Proteins from Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Kidney. Mol Biotechnol 2011; 50:28-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-011-9409-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abstract
Proanthocyanidins, also named condensed tannins, are the result of flavanols condensation. Oligomers and polymers of proanthocyanidins can widely be found in the plant kingdom, as in fruits and berries, seeds, flowers, and leaves. They have a putative role as antioxidants, and they affect the inflammatory process via calcium-dependent release of nitric oxide and protect against H(2)O(2)-induced lipid peroxidation. They also demonstrated a role in cardiovascular diseases via vessel relaxation and LDL oxidation inhibition. These condensed tannins have also shown activities that improve diabetic complications, such as neuropathy, retinopathy, or nephropathy, including a decrease in serum glucose and advanced glycation end products. Furthermore, proanthocyanidins have evidenced anticancer properties by mitigating tumor development through induction of apoptosis or inhibition of cell proliferation. Finally, they are able to produce antiadhesive actions against bacteria in urinary and dental infections, including Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mutans. Hence, proanthocyanidins are considered as beneficial molecules in preventing or treating many diseases and pathological conditions. Therefore, finding out more about condensed tannins bioavailability, and understanding the regulatory genes and pathways involved in their effects should be aimed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío de la Iglesia
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, Universidad de Navarra, Calle Irunlarrea, Pamplona, Spain
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Wang L, Zhu LH, Jiang H, Tang QZ, Yan L, Wang D, Liu C, Bian ZY, Li H. Grape seed proanthocyanidins attenuate vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via blocking phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent signaling pathways. J Cell Physiol 2010; 223:713-26. [PMID: 20175116 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The excess generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important role in the development and progression of diabetes and related vascular complications. Therefore, blocking the production of ROS will be able to improve hyperglycemia-induced vascular dysfunction. The objective of this study was to determine whether a novel IH636 grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) could protect against hyperproliferation of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by high glucose (HG) and determine the related molecular mechanisms. Our data demonstrated that GSPs markedly inhibited rat VSMCs proliferation as well as ROS generation and NAPDH oxidase activity induced by HG treatment. Further studies revealed that HG treatment resulted in phosphorylation and membrane translocation of Rac1, p47phox, and p67phox subunits leading to NADPH oxidase activation. GSPs treatment remarkably disrupted the phosphorylation and membrane translocation of Rac1, p47phox, and p67phox subunits. More importantly, our data further revealed that GSPs significantly disrupted HG-induced activation of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and PI3K/AKT/GSK3beta as well as NF-kappaB signalings, which were dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and Rac1 activation. In addition, our results also demonstrated that HG-induced cell proliferation and excess ROS production was dependent on the activation of PI3 kinase subunit p110alpha. Collectively, these results suggest that HG-induced VSMC growth was attenuated by grape seed proanthocyanidin (GSPs) treatment through blocking PI3 kinase-dependent signaling pathway, indicating that GSPs may be useful in retarding intimal hyperplasia and restenosis in diabetic vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
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Cheng KW, Wong CC, Wang M, He QY, Chen F. Identification and characterization of molecular targets of natural products by mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2010; 29:126-155. [PMID: 19319922 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Natural products, and their derivatives and mimics, have contributed to the development of important therapeutics to combat diseases such as infections and cancers over the past decades. The value of natural products to modern drug discovery is still considerable. However, its development is hampered by a lack of a mechanistic understanding of their molecular action, as opposed to the emerging molecule-targeted therapeutics that are tailored to a specific protein target(s). Recent advances in the mass spectrometry-based proteomic approaches have the potential to offer unprecedented insights into the molecular action of natural products. Chemical proteomics is established as an invaluable tool for the identification of protein targets of natural products. Small-molecule affinity selection combined with mass spectrometry is a successful strategy to "fish" cellular targets from the entire proteome. Mass spectrometry-based profiling of protein expression is also routinely employed to elucidate molecular pathways involved in the therapeutic and possible toxicological responses upon treatment with natural products. In addition, mass spectrometry is increasingly utilized to probe structural aspects of natural products-protein interactions. Limited proteolysis, photoaffinity labeling, and hydrogen/deuterium exchange in conjunction with mass spectrometry are sensitive and high-throughput strategies that provide low-resolution structural information of non-covalent natural product-protein complexes. In this review, we provide an overview on the applications of mass spectrometry-based techniques in the identification and characterization of natural product-protein interactions, and we describe how these applications might revolutionize natural product-based drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Wing Cheng
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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