|
1
|
Bouchareb E, Dallel S, De Haze A, Damon-Soubeyrand C, Renaud Y, Baabdaty E, Vialat M, Fabre J, Pouchin P, De Joussineau C, Degoul F, Sanmukh S, Gendronneau J, Sanchez P, Gonthier-Gueret C, Trousson A, Morel L, Lobaccaro JM, Kocer A, Baron S. Liver X Receptors Enhance Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2776. [PMID: 39199549 PMCID: PMC11353074 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in men. Metastasis is the leading cause of death in prostate cancer patients. One of the crucial processes involved in metastatic spread is the "epithelial-mesenchymal transition" (EMT), which allows cells to acquire the ability to invade distant organs. Liver X Receptors (LXRs) are nuclear receptors that have been demonstrated to regulate EMT in various cancers, including hepatic cancer. Our study reveals that the LXR pathway can control pro-invasive cell capacities through EMT in prostate cancer, employing ex vivo and in vivo approaches. We characterized the EMT status of the commonly used LNCaP, DU145, and PC3 prostate cancer cell lines through molecular and immunohistochemistry experiments. The impact of LXR activation on EMT function was also assessed by analyzing the migration and invasion of these cell lines in the absence or presence of an LXR agonist. Using in vivo experiments involving NSG-immunodeficient mice xenografted with PC3-GFP cells, we were able to study metastatic spread and the effect of LXRs on this process. LXR activation led to an increase in the accumulation of Vimentin and Amphiregulin in PC3. Furthermore, the migration of PC3 cells significantly increased in the presence of the LXR agonist, correlating with an upregulation of EMT. Interestingly, LXR activation significantly increased metastatic spread in an NSG mouse model. Overall, this work identifies a promoting effect of LXRs on EMT in the PC3 model of advanced prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Bouchareb
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Sarah Dallel
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service d’Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques, CHU Clermont Ferrand, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Angélique De Haze
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christelle Damon-Soubeyrand
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yoan Renaud
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Elissa Baabdaty
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marine Vialat
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien Fabre
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Pouchin
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cyrille De Joussineau
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Françoise Degoul
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Swapnil Sanmukh
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Juliette Gendronneau
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Phelipe Sanchez
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Céline Gonthier-Gueret
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Amalia Trousson
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurent Morel
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean Marc Lobaccaro
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ayhan Kocer
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Silvère Baron
- iGReD, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.B.); (S.D.); (C.D.-S.); (Y.R.); (E.B.); (M.V.); (J.F.); (P.P.); (C.D.J.); (F.D.); (S.S.); (J.G.); (P.S.); (C.G.-G.); (A.T.); (L.M.); (J.M.L.)
- Groupe Cancer Clermont Auvergne, 28, Place Henri Dunant, BP38, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Barzegar S, Pirouzpanah S. Zinc finger proteins and ATP-binding cassette transporter-dependent multidrug resistance. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14120. [PMID: 37930002 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a significant challenge in cancer treatment, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Dysregulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters has been identified as a key contributor to MDR. Zinc finger proteins (ZNPs) are key regulators of transcription and have emerged as potential contributors to cancer drug resistance. Bridging the knowledge gap between ZNPs and MDR is essential to understand a source of heterogeneity in cancer treatment. This review sought to elucidate how different ZNPs modulate the transcriptional regulation of ABC genes, contributing to resistance to cancer therapies. METHODS The search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Web of Science. RESULTS In addition to ABC-blockers, the transcriptional features regulated by ZNP are expected to play a role in reversing ABC-mediated MDR and predicting the efficacy of anticancer treatments. Among the ZNP-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition, SNAIL, SLUG and Zebs have been identified as important factors in promoting MDR through activation of ATM, NFκB and PI3K/Akt pathways, exposing the metabolism to potential ZNP-MDR interactions. Additionally, nuclear receptors, such as VDR, ER and PXR have been found to modulate certain ABC regulations. Other C2H2-type zinc fingers, including Kruppel-like factors, Gli and Sp also have the potential to contribute to MDR. CONCLUSION Besides reviewing evidence on the effects of ZNP dysregulation on ABC-related chemoresistance in malignancies, significant markers of ZNP functions are discussed to highlight the clinical implications of gene-to-gene and microenvironment-to-gene interactions on MDR prospects. Future research on ZNP-derived biomarkers is crucial for addressing heterogeneity in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Barzegar
- Shahid Madani Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Pirouzpanah
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Dalmasso G, Cougnoux A, Faïs T, Bonnin V, Mottet-Auselo B, Nguyen HTT, Sauvanet P, Barnich N, Jary M, Pezet D, Delmas J, Bonnet R. Colibactin-producing Escherichia coli enhance resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs by promoting epithelial to mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell emergence. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2310215. [PMID: 38374654 PMCID: PMC10880512 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2310215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Human colorectal cancers (CRCs) are readily colonized by colibactin-producing E. coli (CoPEC). CoPEC induces DNA double-strand breaks, DNA mutations, genomic instability, and cellular senescence. Infected cells produce a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which is involved in the increase in tumorigenesis observed in CRC mouse models infected with CoPEC. This study investigated whether CoPEC, and the SASP derived from CoPEC-infected cells, impacted chemotherapeutic resistance. Human intestinal epithelial cells were infected with the CoPEC clinical 11G5 strain or with its isogenic mutant, which is unable to produce colibactin. Chemotherapeutic resistance was assessed in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model. Expressions of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers in infected cells were investigated. Data were validated using a CRC mouse model and human clinical samples. Both 11G5-infected cells, and uninfected cells incubated with the SASP produced by 11G5-infected cells exhibited an increased resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs in vitro and in vivo. This finding correlated with the induction of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which led to the emergence of cells exhibiting CSC features. They grew on ultra-low attachment plates, formed colonies in soft agar, and overexpressed several CSC markers (e.g. CD133, OCT-3/4, and NANOG). In agreement with these results, murine and human CRC biopsies colonized with CoPEC exhibited higher expression levels of OCT-3/4 and NANOG than biopsies devoid of CoPEC. Conclusion: CoPEC might aggravate CRCs by inducing the emergence of cancer stem cells that are highly resistant to chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Dalmasso
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Antony Cougnoux
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Tiphanie Faïs
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Virginie Bonnin
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Benoit Mottet-Auselo
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hang TT Nguyen
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Sauvanet
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Centre de référence de la résistance aux antibiotiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Barnich
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marine Jary
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Denis Pezet
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien Delmas
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Richard Bonnet
- Inserm U1071, USC-INRAe INRAE USC 1382, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Centre de référence de la résistance aux antibiotiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Rezaei S, Nikpanjeh N, Rezaee A, Gholami S, Hashemipour R, Biavarz N, Yousefi F, Tashakori A, Salmani F, Rajabi R, Khorrami R, Nabavi N, Ren J, Salimimoghadam S, Rashidi M, Zandieh MA, Hushmandi K, Wang Y. PI3K/Akt signaling in urological cancers: Tumorigenesis function, therapeutic potential, and therapy response regulation. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 955:175909. [PMID: 37490949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
In addition to environmental conditions, lifestyle factors, and chemical exposure, aberrant gene expression and mutations involve in the beginning and development of urological tumors. Even in Western nations, urological malignancies are among the top causes of patient death, and their prevalence appears to be gender dependent. The prognosis for individuals with urological malignancies remains dismal and unfavorable due to the ineffectiveness of conventional treatment methods. PI3K/Akt is a popular biochemical mechanism that is activated in tumor cells as a result of PTEN loss. PI3K/Akt escalates growth and metastasis. Moreover, due to the increase in tumor cell viability caused by PI3K/Akt activation, cancer cells may acquire resistance to treatment. This review article examines the function of PI3K/Akt in major urological tumors including bladder, prostate, and renal tumors. In prostate, bladder, and kidney tumors, the level of PI3K and Akt are notably elevated. In addition, the activation of PI3K/Akt enhances the levels of Bcl-2 and XIAP, hence increasing the tumor cell survival rate. PI3K/Akt ] upregulates EMT pathways and matrix metalloproteinase expression to increase urological cancer metastasis. Furthermore, stimulation of PI3K/Akt results in drug- and radio-resistant cancers, but its suppression by anti-tumor drugs impedes the tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Rezaei
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Nikpanjeh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aryan Rezaee
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Gholami
- Young Researcher and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Reza Hashemipour
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
| | - Negin Biavarz
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Tashakori
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Salmani
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Romina Rajabi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Khorrami
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Arad Zandieh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Castaneda M, Rodriguez L, Oh J, Cagle-White B, Suh H, Abdel Aziz MH, Lee J. A FOXC2 inhibitor, MC-1-F2, as a therapeutic candidate for targeting EMT in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 91:129369. [PMID: 37290495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the major treatment option for advanced prostate cancer. However, prostate cancer can develop into androgen-independent castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) which is resistant to ADT. An alternative treatment strategy for CRPC can be targeting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT is governed by a series of transcription factors of which forkhead box protein C2 (FOXC2) is a central mediator. Our previous research into the inhibition of FOXC2 in breast cancer cells lead to the discovery of MC-1-F2, the first direct inhibitor of FOXC2. In current study on CRPC, MC-1-F2 has shown a decrease in mesenchymal markers, inhibition of cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and decrease in invasive capabilities of CRPC cell lines. We have also demonstrated a synergistic effect between MC-1-F2 and docetaxel treatments, leading to a decrease in docetaxel dosage, suggesting the possible combination therapy of MC-1-F2 and docetaxel for the effective treatment of CRPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Castaneda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Liandra Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Jihyun Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | | | - Hanna Suh
- Sonora High School, La Habra, CA, USA
| | - May H Abdel Aziz
- Fisch College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Jiyong Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Hirata Y, Shigemura K, Moriwaki M, Iwatsuki M, Kan Y, Ooya T, Maeda K, Yang Y, Nakashima T, Matsuo H, Nakanishi J, Fujisawa M. Growth and Migration Blocking Effect of Nanaomycin K, a Compound Produced by Streptomyces sp., on Prostate Cancer Cell Lines In Vitro and In Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2684. [PMID: 37345021 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Since castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) acquires resistance to molecularly targeted drugs, discovering a class of drugs with different mechanisms of action is needed for more efficient treatment. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor effects of nanaomycin K, derived from "Streptomyces rosa subsp. notoensis" OS-3966. The cell lines used were LNCaP (non-CRPC), PC-3 (CRPC), and TRAMP-C2 (CRPC). Experiments included cell proliferation analysis, wound healing analysis, and Western blotting. In addition, nanaomycin K was administered intratumorally to TRAMP-C2 carcinoma-bearing mice to assess effects on tumor growth. Furthermore, immuno-histochemistry staining was performed on excised tissues. Nanaomycin K suppressed cell proliferation in all cell lines (p < 0.001) and suppressed wound healing in TRAMP-C2 (p = 0.008). Nanaomycin K suppressed or showed a tendency to suppress the expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, Slug, and Ras in all cell lines, and suppressed the phosphorylation of p38, SAPK/JNK, and Erk1/2 in LNCaP and TRAMP-C2. In vivo, nanaomycin K safely inhibited tumor growth (p = 0.001). In addition, suppression of phospho-Erk1/2 and increased expression of E-cadherin and cleaved-Caspase3 were observed in excised tumors. Nanaomycin K inhibits tumor growth and suppresses migration by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer. Its mechanism of action is related to the inhibition of phosphorylation of the MAPK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Hirata
- Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-Ku, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Katsumi Shigemura
- Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-Ku, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Department of Medical Device Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medical Engineering Research & Development (CAMED), Kobe University, 1-5-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuoku, Kobe 657-0047, Japan
| | - Michika Moriwaki
- Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-Ku, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Masato Iwatsuki
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Yuki Kan
- Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-Ku, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Tooru Ooya
- Department of Medical Device Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medical Engineering Research & Development (CAMED), Kobe University, 1-5-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuoku, Kobe 657-0047, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-Cho, Nada-Ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Koki Maeda
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Youngmin Yang
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takuji Nakashima
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, 513 Waseda Tsurumakicho, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Matsuo
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba 305-8043, Japan
| | - Jun Nakanishi
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Masato Fujisawa
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Saleem HM, Ramaiah P, Gupta J, Jalil AT, Kadhim NA, Alsaikhan F, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Tayyib NA, Guo Q. Nanotechnology-empowered lung cancer therapy: From EMT role in cancer metastasis to application of nanoengineered structures for modulating growth and metastasis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:115942. [PMID: 37080268 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in both males and females, and it is the first causes of cancer-related deaths. Chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy are conventional treatment of lung cancer and recently, immunotherapy has been also appeared as another therapeutic strategy for lung tumor. However, since previous treatments have not been successful in cancer therapy and improving prognosis and survival rate of lung tumor patients, new studies have focused on gene therapy and targeting underlying molecular pathways involved in lung cancer progression. Nanoparticles have been emerged in treatment of lung cancer that can mediate targeted delivery of drugs and genes. Nanoparticles protect drugs and genes against unexpected interactions in blood circulation and improve their circulation time. Nanoparticles can induce phototherapy in lung cancer ablation and mediating cell death. Nanoparticles can induce photothermal and photodynamic therapy in lung cancer. The nanostructures can impair metastasis of lung cancer and suppress EMT in improving drug sensitivity. Metastasis is one of the drawbacks observed in lung cancer that promotes migration of tumor cells and allows them to establish new colony in secondary site. EMT can occur in lung cancer and promotes tumor invasion. EMT is not certain to lung cancer and it can be observed in other human cancers, but since lung cancer has highest incidence rate, understanding EMT function in lung cancer is beneficial in improving prognosis of patients. EMT induction in lung cancer promotes tumor invasion and it can also lead to drug resistance and radio-resistance. Moreover, non-coding RNAs and pharmacological compounds can regulate EMT in lung cancer and EMT-TFs such as Twist and Slug are important modulators of lung cancer invasion that are discussed in current review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Muwafaq Saleem
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, AL-Anbar, Iraq.
| | | | - Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Pin Code 281406, UP, India
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq.
| | | | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Ecuador; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Colombia; Educational Statistics Research Group (GIEE), National University of Education, Ecuador
| | - Nahla A Tayyib
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qingdong Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Li D, Xia L, Huang P, Wang Z, Guo Q, Huang C, Leng W, Qin S. Heterogeneity and plasticity of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer metastasis: Focusing on partial EMT and regulatory mechanisms. Cell Prolif 2023:e13423. [PMID: 36808651 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) or mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) plays critical roles in cancer metastasis. Recent studies, especially those based on single-cell sequencing, have revealed that EMT is not a binary process, but a heterogeneous and dynamic disposition with intermediary or partial EMT states. Multiple double-negative feedback loops involved by EMT-related transcription factors (EMT-TFs) have been identified. These feedback loops between EMT drivers and MET drivers finely regulate the EMT transition state of the cell. In this review, the general characteristics, biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of different EMT transition states were summarized. We additionally discussed the direct and indirect roles of EMT transition state in tumour metastasis. More importantly, this article provides direct evidence that the heterogeneity of EMT is closely related to the poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Notably, a seesaw model was proposed to explain how tumour cells regulate themselves to remain in specific EMT transition states, including epithelial state, hybrid/intermediate state and mesenchymal state. Additionally, this article also provides a review of the current status, limitations and future perspectives of EMT signalling in clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Lingyun Xia
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Pan Huang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Zidi Wang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Qiwei Guo
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Congcong Huang
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Weidong Leng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital and Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Academy of Bio-medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Association between Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and Osimertinib Tolerance in EGFR-Mutated Lung Cancer via Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041092. [PMID: 36831438 PMCID: PMC9954529 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Most epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells are killed within a few days after osimertinib treatment; however, surviving cells remain detectable and are called drug-tolerant cells. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) was reported to be involved in chemotherapeutic or radiotherapeutic resistance. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether PAI-1 is involved in osimertinib tolerance and whether it could be a therapeutic target for overcoming this tolerance. We showed that the PAI-1 mRNA expression levels and mesenchymal gene expression levels were significantly higher in drug-tolerant EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells than in control cells after 7 days of in vitro osimertinib treatment. Additionally, an RNA microarray analysis revealed upregulation of the integrin-induced EMT pathway in osimertinib-tolerant cells. Furthermore, we observed that PAI-1 inhibitors suppressed proliferation and the degree of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tolerant cells. Finally, in a subcutaneous tumor model, we showed that combining osimertinib with a PAI-1 inhibitor prevented the regrowth of tumors comprising EGFR-mutated cancer cells. The present study is the first to show PAI-1 to be involved in tolerance to osimertinib via EMT.
Collapse
|
|
10
|
Zhang J, Hu Z, Horta CA, Yang J. Regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by tumor microenvironmental signals and its implication in cancer therapeutics. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 88:46-66. [PMID: 36521737 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated in various aspects of tumor development, including tumor invasion and metastasis, cancer stemness, and therapy resistance. Diverse stroma cell types along with biochemical and biophysical factors in the tumor microenvironment impinge on the EMT program to impact tumor progression. Here we provide an in-depth review of various tumor microenvironmental signals that regulate EMT in cancer. We discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of EMT in therapy resistance and highlight new therapeutic approaches targeting the tumor microenvironment to impact EMT and tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zhimin Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Calista A Horta
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Poonaki E, Kahlert UD, Meuth SG, Gorji A. The role of the ZEB1–neuroinflammation axis in CNS disorders. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:275. [PMCID: PMC9675144 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) is a master modulator of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process whereby epithelial cells undergo a series of molecular changes and express certain characteristics of mesenchymal cells. ZEB1, in association with other EMT transcription factors, promotes neuroinflammation through changes in the production of inflammatory mediators, the morphology and function of immune cells, and multiple signaling pathways that mediate the inflammatory response. The ZEB1–neuroinflammation axis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of different CNS disorders, such as brain tumors, multiple sclerosis, cerebrovascular diseases, and neuropathic pain, by promoting tumor cell proliferation and invasiveness, formation of the hostile inflammatory micromilieu surrounding neuronal tissues, dysfunction of microglia and astrocytes, impairment of angiogenesis, and dysfunction of the blood–brain barrier. Future studies are needed to elucidate whether the ZEB1–neuroinflammation axis could serve as a diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic target for CNS disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Poonaki
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany ,grid.5949.10000 0001 2172 9288Epilepsy Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Domagkstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ulf Dietrich Kahlert
- grid.5807.a0000 0001 1018 4307Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Clinic for General-, Visceral-, Vascular- and Transplantation Surgery, Otto-Von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sven G. Meuth
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ali Gorji
- grid.5949.10000 0001 2172 9288Epilepsy Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Domagkstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany ,grid.512981.60000 0004 0612 1380Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411583.a0000 0001 2198 6209Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity: why so many regulators? Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:182. [PMID: 35278142 PMCID: PMC8918127 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic transition between epithelial-like and mesenchymal-like cell states has been a focus for extensive investigation for decades, reflective of the importance of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) through development, in the adult, and the contributing role EMT has to pathologies including metastasis and fibrosis. Not surprisingly, regulation of the complex genetic networks that underlie EMT have been attributed to multiple transcription factors and microRNAs. What is surprising, however, are the sheer number of different regulators (hundreds of transcription factors and microRNAs) for which critical roles have been described. This review seeks not to collate these studies, but to provide a perspective on the fundamental question of whether it is really feasible that so many regulators play important roles and if so, what does this tell us about EMT and more generally, the genetic machinery that controls complex biological processes.
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Zhao L, Li H, Huang X, Liu T, Xin Y, Xiao Z, Zhao W, Miao S, Chen J, Li Z, Mi Y. The endocytic pathway of Pt nanoclusters and their induced apoptosis of A549 and A549/Cis cells through c-Myc/p53 and Bcl-2/caspase-3 signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112360. [PMID: 34794242 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, multifunctional platinum nanoclusters (Pt-NCs) as new Pt-based anti-cancer drugs exhibit a promising therapeutic efficiency for several cancer diseases, especially for human pulmonary carcinoma. However, the endocytosis behaviors (like uptake pathway, etc.) and induced apoptosis mechanism of Pt-NCs for drug-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), are still inconclusive. In this research, we explored the endocytic pathway of Pt-NCs in both typical NSCLC A549 cells and cisplatin-resistant A549/Cis cells through qualitative confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) measurement and quantitative flow cytometry (FCM) and inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis, by the means of introducing the specific inhibitors which impede the classical ways of endocytosis. It was found that Pt-NCs dominatingly entered A549 cells via caveolin-mediated endocytosis as well as A549/Cis cells through micropinocytosis approach. Pt-NCs possessed an excellent inhibitory effect on the cell proliferation, migration and invasion, which the cell activity of A549 cells reduced to 14% and that of A549/Cis cells went down about four fifths. Moreover, Pt-NCs treatment increased caspase-3 protein levels and downregulated the expression of c-Myc and Bcl-2, proving the Pt-NCs-induced apoptosis of NSCLC cells was related to c-Myc/p53 and Bcl-2/caspase-3 signal pathways. These results demonstrate the explicit uptake pathway and apoptotic signaling pathway of Pt-NCs for NSCLC, which provides an in-depth and reasonable theoretical basis for the development of new Pt-NCs-based chemotherapeutics in future clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Criti cal Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 3 Kangfuqian Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Hongyun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Criti cal Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 3 Kangfuqian Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, No. 41 Zhongyuan Road (M), Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Criti cal Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 3 Kangfuqian Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yi Xin
- Intensive Care Unit, Zhengzhou Orthopedics Hospital, No. 56 Longhai Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhongqing Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Criti cal Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 3 Kangfuqian Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Wenfei Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Criti cal Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 3 Kangfuqian Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shaoyi Miao
- Department of Respiratory and Criti cal Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 3 Kangfuqian Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Criti cal Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 3 Kangfuqian Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zengbei Li
- School of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, No. 41 Zhongyuan Road (M), Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Yang Mi
- Henan Key Laboratory for Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and GI Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 3 Kangfuqian Street, Erqi District, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
14
|
Shi L, Xiong Y, Hu X. MicroRNA-1254 Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Upregulating c-Cellular Myelocytomatosis Oncogene (c-Myc) and Alleviates Drug Resistance in Lung Cancer. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a huge challenge during the management of diseases. MicroRNA (miRNA) dys-regulation is known to contribute to tumor progression. Herein we aimed to explore miR-1254’s role in drug resistance in lung cancer. In the present study, we used Pabolizumab to treat
drug-resistant and non-drug resistant lung cancer cells followed by analysis of miR-1254 expression by RT-qPCR, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related protein and c-Myc expression by western blot, E-cadherin and N-cadherin level by immunofluorescence. Additionally, mouse model of
lung cancer was treated with miR-1254 mimic and/or Pabolizumab to assess miR-1254’s role in lung cancer in vivo. Drug-resistant lung cancer cells exhibited significantly increased viability upon treatment with Pabolizumab with decreased miR-1254 expression. Besides, Pabolizumab
upregulated E-caderin and downregulated N-cadherin. Importantly, miR-1254 bound to c-Myc in cancer cells. In the presence of miR-1254 mimic or siRNA (si)-c-Myc, the chemosensitivity of lung cancer cells was increased whereas miR-1254 inhibitor augmented cell resistance to Pabolizumab. Furthermore,
the chemosensitivity induced by c-Myc could be depleted by miR-1254 inhibitor. Combined treatment of miR-1254 mimic and Pabolizumab significantly decreased tumor weight and volume, and reduced c-Myc level. In conclusion, miR-1254 might suppress EMT by inhibiting c-Myc expression in lung cancer
and decrease drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Shi
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, 430000, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, 430000, China; Clinical Cancer Study Center, Zhongnan
Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, 430000, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, 430000, China; Clinical Cancer Study Center, Zhongnan
Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, 430000, China; Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei, 430000, China; Clinical Cancer Study Center,
Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
15
|
Brabletz S, Schuhwerk H, Brabletz T, Stemmler MP. Dynamic EMT: a multi-tool for tumor progression. EMBO J 2021; 40:e108647. [PMID: 34459003 PMCID: PMC8441439 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is fundamental for embryonic morphogenesis. Cells undergoing it lose epithelial characteristics and integrity, acquire mesenchymal features, and become motile. In cancer, this program is hijacked to confer essential changes in morphology and motility that fuel invasion. In addition, EMT is increasingly understood to orchestrate a large variety of complementary cancer features, such as tumor cell stemness, tumorigenicity, resistance to therapy and adaptation to changes in the microenvironment. In this review, we summarize recent findings related to these various classical and non-classical functions, and introduce EMT as a true tumorigenic multi-tool, involved in many aspects of cancer. We suggest that therapeutic targeting of the EMT process will-if acknowledging these complexities-be a possibility to concurrently interfere with tumor progression on many levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1Nikolaus‐Fiebiger Center for Molecular MedicineFriedrich‐Alexander University of Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Harald Schuhwerk
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1Nikolaus‐Fiebiger Center for Molecular MedicineFriedrich‐Alexander University of Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1Nikolaus‐Fiebiger Center for Molecular MedicineFriedrich‐Alexander University of Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| | - Marc P. Stemmler
- Department of Experimental Medicine 1Nikolaus‐Fiebiger Center for Molecular MedicineFriedrich‐Alexander University of Erlangen‐NürnbergErlangenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
|
16
|
Karsten N, Kolben T, Mahner S, Beyer S, Meister S, Kuhn C, Schmoeckel E, Wuerstlein R, Harbeck N, Ditsch N, Jeschke U, Friese K, Kolben TM. The role of E-Cadherin expression in primary site of breast cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 305:913-920. [PMID: 34510244 PMCID: PMC8967771 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The tumour's ability to metastasize is the major cause for fatal outcomes in cancer diseases. In breast cancer, aberrant E-Cadherin expression has been linked to invasiveness and poor prognosis. METHOD We assessed expression of E-Cadherin by immunohistochemistry in primary tumour tissue from 125 female breast cancer patients. Staining intensities were analysed using the immunoreactive score (IRS). We investigated E-Cadherin expression and its associations with clinicopathological parameters (age, tumour size, lymph node status, grade, hormone receptors, Her2 Status) as well as with recurrence and survival. RESULTS Increased, rather than aberrant E-Cadherin expression was found and was associated with poor outcome (p = 0.046). Our data show an association between elevated E-Cadherin in primary tumour tissue and an unfavourable negative prognosis in patients. CONCLUSION This association was somehow unexpected as loss of E-Cadherin has long been regarded as a prerequisite for development of invasiveness and metastases. Our findings support the notion that E-Cadherin promotes, rather than suppresses, development of metastasis and invasiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Karsten
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Breast Center and CCCLMU, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Breast Center and CCCLMU, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Breast Center and CCCLMU, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Beyer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Breast Center and CCCLMU, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Meister
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Breast Center and CCCLMU, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Elisa Schmoeckel
- Department of Pathology, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 27, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Rachel Wuerstlein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Breast Center and CCCLMU, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Nadia Harbeck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Breast Center and CCCLMU, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Ditsch
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Breast Center and CCCLMU, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, Stenglinstr. 2, 86156, Augsburg, Germany.
| | - Klaus Friese
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Bad Trissl, Bad-Trissl-Straße 73, 83080, Oberaudorf, Germany
| | - Theresa Maria Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Breast Center and CCCLMU, LMU University Hospital, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
17
|
Xue H, Qin L, Zhang L, Li X, Wu F, Wang W, Wang C, Diao W, Jiang B, Lian B, Wu J, Bai J, Sun T, Zhao C, Qu M, Yu W, Wang Y, Gao Z. Preparation of docetaxel-loaded, glycyrrhetinic acid-modified nanoparticles and their liver-targeting and antitumor activity. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1144. [PMID: 34471430 PMCID: PMC8404033 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and poses a serious threat to human health. The most important treatment method, liver cancer chemotherapy, is limited due to its high toxicity and poor specificity. Targeted drug delivery systems have emerged as novel therapeutic strategies that deliver precise, substantial drug doses to target sites via targeting vectors and enhance the therapeutic efficacy. In the present study, glycyrrhetinic acid-modified hyaluronic acid (GA-HA) was used as a carrier for the model drug docetaxel (DTX) to prepare DTX-loaded GA-HA nanoparticles (DTX/GA-HA-NPs). The results indicated that the DTX/GA-HA-NPs exhibited high monodispersity (particle dispersity index, 0.209±0.116) and desirable particle size (208.73±5.0 nm) and zeta potential (-27.83±3.14 mV). The drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of the NPs were 12.59±0.68 and 85.38±4.62%, respectively. Furthermore, it was determined that FITC-GA-HA was taken up by cells and distributed in the cytoplasm. DTX and DTX/GA-HA (just the DTX delivered by the nanoparticle) aggregated and altered the structure of cellular microtubules. Compared with DTX alone, DTX/GA-HA-NPs had a stronger inhibitory effect on HepG2 cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis of HepG2 cells. All experimental results indicated that DTX/GA-HA-NPs were successfully prepared and had liver-targeting and antitumor activities in vitro, which provided a foundation for future in vivo studies of the antitumor effects of DTX/GA-HA-NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hantao Xue
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Liya Qin
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Longxiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Xiaocheng Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Weiyu Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Diao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Bo Lian
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jingliang Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jingkun Bai
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Tongyi Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Chunling Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Meihua Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Applied Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Yu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Yubing Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqin Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical and Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnological Medicine in Universities of Shandong, School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
|
18
|
Synergistic Antitumor Activity of SH003 and Docetaxel via EGFR Signaling Inhibition in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168405. [PMID: 34445110 PMCID: PMC8395077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in lung cancer patients. Despite treatment with various EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, recurrence and metastasis of lung cancer are inevitable. Docetaxel (DTX) is an effective conventional drug that is used to treat various cancers. Several researchers have studied the use of traditional herbal medicine in combination with docetaxel, to improve lung cancer treatment. SH003, a novel herbal mixture, exerts anticancer effects in different cancer cell types. Here, we aimed to investigate the apoptotic and anticancer effects of SH003 in combination with DTX, in human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). SH003, with DTX, induced apoptotic cell death, with increased expression of cleaved caspases and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in NSCLC cells. Moreover, SH003 and DTX induced the apoptosis of H460 cells via the suppression of the EGFR and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways. In H460 tumor xenograft models, the administration of SH003 or docetaxel alone diminished tumor growth, and their combination effectively killed cancer cells, with increased expression of apoptotic markers and decreased expression of p-EGFR and p-STAT3. Collectively, the combination of SH003 and DTX may be a novel anticancer strategy to overcome the challenges that are associated with conventional lung cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
|
19
|
Ashrafizadeh M, Mirzaei S, Hashemi F, Zarrabi A, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Sharifzadeh SO, Soleymani L, Daneshi S, Hushmandi K, Khan H, Kumar AP, Aref AR, Samarghandian S. New insight towards development of paclitaxel and docetaxel resistance in cancer cells: EMT as a novel molecular mechanism and therapeutic possibilities. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111824. [PMID: 34175815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism is responsible for metastasis and migration of cancer cells to neighboring cells and tissues. Morphologically, epithelial cells are transformed to mesenchymal cells, and at molecular level, E-cadherin undergoes down-regulation, while an increase occurs in N-cadherin and vimentin levels. Increasing evidence demonstrates role of EMT in mediating drug resistance of cancer cells. On the other hand, paclitaxel (PTX) and docetaxel (DTX) are two chemotherapeutic agents belonging to taxene family, capable of inducing cell cycle arrest in cancer cells via preventing microtubule depolymerization. Aggressive behavior of cancer cells resulted from EMT-mediated metastasis can lead to PTX and DTX resistance. Upstream mediators of EMT such as ZEB1/2, TGF-β, microRNAs, and so on are involved in regulating response of cancer cells to PTX and DTX. Tumor-suppressing factors inhibit EMT to promote PTX and DTX sensitivity of cancer cells. Furthermore, three different strategies including using anti-tumor compounds, gene therapy and delivery systems have been developed for suppressing EMT, and enhancing cytotoxicity of PTX and DTX against cancer cells that are mechanistically discussed in the current review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Omid Sharifzadeh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leyla Soleymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vice President at Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc. 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
|
20
|
Bornes L, Belthier G, van Rheenen J. Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in the Light of Plasticity and Hybrid E/M States. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112403. [PMID: 34072345 PMCID: PMC8197992 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular program which leads to cells losing epithelial features, including cell polarity, cell-cell adhesion and attachment to the basement membrane, while gaining mesenchymal characteristics, such as invasive properties and stemness. This program is involved in embryogenesis, wound healing and cancer progression. Over the years, the role of EMT in cancer progression has been heavily debated, and the requirement of this process in metastasis even has been disputed. In this review, we discuss previous discrepancies in the light of recent findings on EMT, plasticity and hybrid E/M states. Moreover, we highlight various tumor microenvironmental cues and cell intrinsic signaling pathways that induce and sustain EMT programs, plasticity and hybrid E/M states. Lastly, we discuss how recent findings on plasticity, especially on those that enable cells to switch between hybrid E/M states, have changed our understanding on the role of EMT in cancer metastasis, stemness and therapy resistance.
Collapse
|
|
21
|
Kumar M, Jaiswal RK, Prasad R, Yadav SS, Kumar A, Yadava PK, Singh RP. PARP-1 induces EMT in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells via modulating the transcription factors Smad4, p65 and ZEB1. Life Sci 2021; 269:118994. [PMID: 33417952 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study the role of PARP-1 in EMT of non-small cell lung carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used H1299 and H460 lung cancer cells for knockdown study of PARP-1 using shPARP-1 lentiviral particle. We performed western blotting, confocal microscopy, semi-quantitative PCR, wound healing and colony formation assays. BACKGROUND AND KEY FINDINGS PARP-1 (poly-ADP ribose polymerase-1) is a multi-domain protein having DNA binding, auto-modification and catalytic domain, that participates in many biological processes including DNA damage detection and repair, transcription regulation, apoptosis, necrosis, cancer progression and metastasis. Metastasis is a leading cause of death in cancer patients, which starts in epithelial tumors via initiating epithelial to mesenchymal transition. There are various transcription factors involved in EMT including Snail-1, Smads, p65, ZEB1 and Twist1. We studied the effect of PARP-1 knockdown on EMT in non-small cell lung cancer cell line H1299. We found a significant increase in epithelial marker including ZO1 and β-catenin, while prominent decrease in the mesenchymal marker vimentin after PARP-1 knockdown in H1299 cells. Transcription factors including p65, Smad4 and ZEB1 showed significant decrease with concurrent expression of EMT markers. Cell migration and colony formation decreased after PARP-1 knockdown in H1299 cells. SIGNIFICANCE Overall, the shRNA mediated knockdown of PARP-1 in H1299 cells resulted in reversal of EMT or mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) characterized by an increase in epithelial markers and a decrease in mesenchymal markers, via down-regulating transcription factors including Smad4, p65 and ZEB1. Thus PARP-1 has a role in EMT in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rishi Kumar Jaiswal
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ramraj Prasad
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Suresh Singh Yadav
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Yadava
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Rana Pratap Singh
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
| |
Collapse
|
|
22
|
Combined inhibition of CD73 and ZEB1 by Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-targeted nanoparticles inhibits tumor growth. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 197:111421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
|
23
|
Non-coding RNAs underlying chemoresistance in gastric cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2020; 43:961-988. [PMID: 32495294 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-020-00528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a major health issue in the Western world. Current clinical imperatives for this disease include the identification of more effective biomarkers to detect GC at early stages and enhance the prevention and treatment of metastatic and chemoresistant GC. The advent of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs (miRNAs) and long-non coding RNAs (lncRNAs), has led to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which GC cells acquire features of therapy resistance. ncRNAs play critical roles in normal physiology, but their dysregulation has been detected in a variety of cancers, including GC. A subset of ncRNAs is GC-specific, implying their potential application as biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets. Hence, evaluating the specific functions of ncRNAs will help to expand novel treatment options for GC. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we summarize some of the well-known ncRNAs that play a role in the development and progression of GC. We also review the application of such ncRNAs in clinical diagnostics and trials as potential biomarkers. Obviously, a deeper understanding of the biology and function of ncRNAs underlying chemoresistance can broaden horizons toward the development of personalized therapy against GC.
Collapse
|
|
24
|
Cheng R, Gao S, Hu W, Liu Y, Cao Y. Nuclear factor I/B mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human melanoma cells through ZEB1. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:81. [PMID: 33363618 PMCID: PMC7723069 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between nuclear factor I/B (NFIB) and cancer attracts growing research interest. NFIB has diverse and specific roles in tumor progression and invasion. However, the potential effects and functions of this transcription factor in melanoma remain unclear. The present study sought to determine the distinguishing properties of NFIB in melanoma cells. Immunohistochemical examination of the tissues of 15 patients with melanoma indicated that the expression of NFIB was high in melanoma specimens, compared with the benign nevus and normal skin specimens. In addition, the relationship between high NFIB expression and low overall survival rate was assessed. Functional studies demonstrated that NFIB enhanced the malignancy of melanoma, including proliferation, migration and invasion. In addition, NFIB silencing in A375 and A875 cell lines inhibited the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), upregulated E-cadherin and zona occludens-1, but suppressed N-cadherin and vimentin expression. These findings may suggest a new function of NFIB in promoting the migration and invasion of melanoma cells. Therefore, the present study further evaluated the association between NFIB and zinc finger protein E-box binding homeobox-1 (ZEB1) in melanoma. Mechanistic experiments revealed that NFIB exerted its roles during EMT by regulating ZEB1. Overall, the present data indicates that NFIB promotes the malignancy of melanoma, particularly EMT, by modulating the ZEB1 axis, such as ZEB2, ATM and CHK1, which may represent a potential molecular therapeutic target in melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, The Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, The Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, The Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yamei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, The Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yuchun Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, The Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
|
25
|
Ren J, Wang D, Huang H, Li X, Zhuang X, Li J. miR-1260b Activates Wnt Signaling by Targeting Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 1 to Regulate Taxane Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:557327. [PMID: 33224874 PMCID: PMC7674592 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.557327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to contribute to carcinogenesis; however, their association with tumor chemoresistance is not fully understood. In this study we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in resistance to taxane-based chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma (LAD). Methods: We established paclitaxel-resistant A549 cells (A549/PTX) and docetaxel-resistant H1299 cells (H1299/DTX). In order to hit the mark, we employed multiple methods including qRT-PCR, western blotting analysis, loss/gain-of-function analysis, luciferase assays, drug sensitivity assays, animal experiment, wound-healing assay, and invasion assay. Results: Bioinformatics analysis and a luciferase reporter assay revealed that secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) is a direct target of miR-1260b. By qRT-PCR analysis, we found that miR-1260b was significantly upregulated in taxane-resistant cells as compared to parental cells. Suppression of miR-1260b reversed the chemoresistance of human LAD cells to taxanes both in vitro and in vivo, whereas ectopic miR-1260b expression decreased the sensitivity of parental LAD cell lines to taxanes. Downregulation of miR-1260b expression inactivated the Wnt signaling pathway and reversed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype of taxane-resistant LAD cells. In clinical tumor tissue samples, high miR-1260b expression was detected in tumors of non-responding patients treated with taxane-based chemotherapy and was associated with low SFRP1 expression and poor prognosis. Conclusions: Our findings reveal that targeting of the miR-1260b/SFRP1/Wnt signaling axis might provide a novel strategy for overcoming chemotherapy resistance in LAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hanpeng Huang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiufen Zhuang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
26
|
Zhang J, Miller Z, Musich PR, Thomas AE, Yao ZQ, Xie Q, Howe PH, Jiang Y. DSTYK Promotes Metastasis and Chemoresistance via EMT in Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1250. [PMID: 32982725 PMCID: PMC7493073 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Tumor metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy are two critical factors that contribute to the high death rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Metastasis is facilitated by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells, which has emerged not only as a fundamental process during metastasis, but is also a key process leading to chemoresistance of cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of EMT in CRC cell remain unknown. Here, we aim to assess the role of dual serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinase (DSTYK) in CRC metastasis and chemoresistance. Methods To study the role of DSTYK in TGF-β-induced EMT, we employed techniques including Crispr/Cas9 knockout (KO) to generate DSTYK KO cell lines, RT-PCR to detect the mRNA expression, immunofluorescence analyses, and western blots to detect protein levels of DSTYK in the following 4 cell lines: control LS411N-TβRII and LS411N-TβRII/DSTYK KO, control LS513 and LS513/DSTYK KO cells, treated with/without TGF-β. The effects of DSTYK on apoptosis were investigated by MTT assays, flow cytometry assays, and TUNEL assays. The expression of DSTYK in CRC patients and its correlation with EMT markers were determined by bioinformatics analysis. For in vivo analysis, both xenograft and orthotopic tumor mouse models were employed to investigate the function of DSTYK in chemoresistance and metastasis of tumors. Results In this study, we demonstrate that the novel kinase DSTYK promotes both TGF-β-induced EMT and the subsequent chemoresistance in CRC cells. DSTYK KO significantly attenuates TGF-β–induced EMT and chemoresistance in CRC cells. According to the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the expression of DSTYK is not only positively correlated to the expression of TGF-β, but proportional to the death rate of CRC patients as well. Evidently, the expression of DSTYK in the metastatic colorectal cancer samples from patients was significantly higher than that of primary colorectal cancer samples. Further, we demonstrate in mouse models that chemotherapeutic drug treatment suppresses the growth of DSTYK KO tumors more effectively than control tumors. Conclusion Our findings identify DSTYK as a novel protein kinase in regulating TGF-β–mediated EMT and chemoresistance in CRC cells, which defines DSTYK as a potential therapeutic target for CRC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, J. H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States.,Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Zachary Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, J. H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Phillip R Musich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, J. H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Ashlin E Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, J. H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Zhi Q Yao
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, ETSU, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Qian Xie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, J. H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| | - Philip H Howe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, J. H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
|
27
|
Zhou F, Du C, Xu D, Lu J, Zhou L, Wu C, Wu B, Huang J. Knockdown of ubiquitin‑specific protease 51 attenuates cisplatin resistance in lung cancer through ubiquitination of zinc‑finger E‑box binding homeobox 1. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1382-1390. [PMID: 32468048 PMCID: PMC7339607 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a devastating cancer with high morbidity and mortality. Ubiquitin‑specific protease (USP) is a type of deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) that has been implicated in numerous cancers, including colorectal, myeloma and breast. In the present study, the expression of USP51 was determined in the lung cancer cell line A549 and cisplatin (also known as DDP)‑resistant lung cancer strain A549/DDP. The expression of zinc‑finger E‑box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), a transcriptional repressor, was also examined. The effects of USP51 knockdown or overexpression on proliferation and apoptosis, as well as the impact of ZEB1 overexpression and USP51 interference on apoptosis and ubiquitination were then assessed. Notably, increased expression of USP51 and ZEB1 in A549/DDP cells was observed, and treatment with DDP significantly inhibited proliferation in A549/DDP cells. In addition, knockdown of USP51 in A549/DDP cells significantly induced apoptosis, decreased ZEB1 expression and increased cleaved poly ADP‑ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) and cleaved caspase‑3 levels. Consistently, USP51 overexpression in A549 cells displayed the opposite effects and potently attenuated DDP‑induced apoptosis. Notably, overexpression of ZEB1 in A549/DDP cells potently attenuated the effects of USP51 knockdown on apoptosis, and co‑IP experiments further demonstrated interaction between USP51 and ZEB. Lastly, knockdown of USP51 promoted ZEB1 ubiquitination, leading to ZEB1 degradation. Collectively, the present findings demonstrated that USP51 inhibition attenuated DDP resistance in A549/DDP cells via ubiquitin‑mediated degradation of ZEB1. Hence, targeting USP51 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for DDP resistance in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Chunling Du
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Donghui Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Jinchang Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Chaomin Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, QingPu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Jianan Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
|
28
|
Zeng D, Liang YK, Xiao YS, Wei XL, Lin HY, Wu Y, Bai JW, Chen M, Zhang GJ. Inhibition of Notch1 reverses EMT and chemoresistance to cisplatin via direct downregulation of MCAM in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:490-504. [PMID: 32020593 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy continues to be a critical issue in the clinical therapy of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to contribute to chemoresistance in several cancer types, including breast cancer. Identification of the key signaling pathway that regulates the EMT program and contributes to chemoresistance in TNBC will provide a novel strategy to overcome chemoresistance in this subtype of cancer. Herein, we demonstrate that Notch1 positively associates with melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM), a unique EMT activator, in TNBC tissue samples both at mRNA and protein levels. High expression of Notch1 and MCAM both predicts a poor survival in basal-like/TNBC patients, particularly in those treated with chemotherapy. The expression of Notch1 and MCAM in MDA-MB-231 cells gradually increases in a time-dependent manner when exposing to low dose cisplatin. Moreover, the expressions of Notch1 and MCAM in cisplatin-resistant MDA-MB-231 cells are significantly higher than wild-type counterparts. Notch1 promotes EMT and chemoresistance, as well as invasion and proliferation of TNBC cells via direct activating MCAM promoter. Inhibition of Notch1 significantly downregulates MCAM expression, resulting in the reversion of EMT and chemoresistance to cisplatin in TNBC cells. Our study reveals the regulatory mechanism of the Notch1 pathway and MCAM in TNBC and suggesting that targeting the Notch1/MCAM axis, in conjunction with conventional chemotherapies, might be a potential avenue to enhance the therapeutic efficacy for patients with TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shantou University Medical College Cancer Hospital, Shantou, China
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), Shantou, China
| | - Yuan-Ke Liang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ying-Sheng Xiao
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), Shantou, China
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Xiao-Long Wei
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital of SUMC, Shantou, China
| | - Hao-Yu Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), Shantou, China
| | - Jing-Wen Bai
- The Cancer Center and the Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Min Chen
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), Shantou, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- The Cancer Center and the Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Anti-Cancer Center, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
29
|
Sun D, Wang J, Zhang H, Liu S, Wei P, Wang H, Xu Z, Fu Q, Zhang K. MK2206 Enhances Cisplatin-Induced Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in Testicular Cancer Through Akt Signaling Pathway Inhibition. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100769. [PMID: 32422572 PMCID: PMC7231864 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve conventional chemotherapeutic efficacy, it is significant to identify novel molecular markers for chemosensitivity as well as possible molecules accelerating cell-killing mechanisms. In this study, we attempted to elucidate how MK2206, an allosteric Akt inhibitor, enhances the cisplatin (CDDP)-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in testicular cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We checked three testicular cancer cell lines for the expression of phospho(p)-Akt and its downstream molecules targets by Western blot. The potential antitumor effects were analyzed by MTT assay in vitro and by subcutaneous xenograft models in vivo. The cell invasion was analyzed by transwell invasion assay, and the activities of Akt signaling pathway and expression of apoptosis-related proteins were measured by Western blot. RESULTS Our results indicated that there was overactivation of p-Akt and its downstream molecules in testicular cancer cell lines compared with normal testis epithelium cells. MK2206 (600 nM) inhibited cell invasion in TCAM-2 and P19 cell lines and significantly increased the susceptibility of testicular cancer to CDDP. Combined with CDDP, MK2206 potentiated CDDP-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis, with repressed expression of p-Akt and its downstream targets. The subcutaneous xenograft models also showed that a combined CDDP/MK2206 therapy completely suppressed tumor growth without any side effects. CONCLUSION These results suggested that the concomitant use of MK2206 could enhance the CDDP-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in testicular cancer with the suppressed expression of Akt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dingqi Sun
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Wang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Keqin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China; Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
30
|
Zhou S, Zhang M, Zhou C, Wang W, Yang H, Ye W. The role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in regulating radioresistance. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 150:102961. [PMID: 32361589 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients with different stages can benefit from radiotherapy, but there are still limited due to inherent or acquired radioresistance. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex biological process that is implicated in malignant characteristics of cancer, such as radioresistance. Although the possible mechanisms of EMT-dependent radioresistance are being extensively studied, there is a lack of a clear picture of the overall signaling of EMT-mediated radioresistance. In this review, we highlight the role and possible molecular mechanisms of EMT in cancer radioresistance, in particular to EMT-associated signaling pathway, EMT-inducing transcription factors (EMT-TFs), EMT-related non-coding RNAs. The knowledge of EMT-associated mechanisms of radioresistance will offer more potent therapy targets to improve the radiotherapy responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suna Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Mingxin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710077, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haihua Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenguang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou 317000, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
31
|
Drápela S, Bouchal J, Jolly MK, Culig Z, Souček K. ZEB1: A Critical Regulator of Cell Plasticity, DNA Damage Response, and Therapy Resistance. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:36. [PMID: 32266287 PMCID: PMC7096573 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The predominant way in which conventional chemotherapy kills rapidly proliferating cancer cells is the induction of DNA damage. However, chemoresistance remains the main obstacle to therapy effectivity. An increasing number of studies suggest that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) represents a critical process affecting the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy. Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) is a prime element of a network of transcription factors controlling EMT and has been identified as an important molecule in the regulation of DNA damage, cancer cell differentiation, and metastasis. Recent studies have considered upregulation of ZEB1 as a potential modulator of chemoresistance. It has been hypothesized that cancer cells undergoing EMT acquire unique properties that resemble those of cancer stem cells (CSCs). These stem-like cells manifest enhanced DNA damage response (DDR) and DNA repair capacity, self-renewal, or chemoresistance. In contrast, functional experiments have shown that ZEB1 induces chemoresistance regardless of whether other EMT-related changes occur. ZEB1 has also been identified as an important regulator of DDR by the formation of a ZEB1/p300/PCAF complex and direct interaction with ATM kinase, which has been linked to radioresistance. Moreover, ATM can directly phosphorylate ZEB1 and enhance its stability. Downregulation of ZEB1 has also been shown to reduce the abundance of CHK1, an effector kinase of DDR activated by ATR, and to induce its ubiquitin-dependent degradation. In this perspective, we focus on the role of ZEB1 in the regulation of DDR and describe the mechanisms of ZEB1-dependent chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Drápela
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jan Bouchal
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Zoran Culig
- International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Urology, Experimental Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karel Souček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia.,International Clinical Research Center, Center for Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno, Brno, Czechia.,Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
|
32
|
Tao L, Shu-Ling W, Jing-Bo H, Ying Z, Rong H, Xiang-Qun L, Wen-Jie C, Lin-Fu Z. MiR-451a attenuates doxorubicin resistance in lung cancer via suppressing epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) through targeting c-Myc. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109962. [PMID: 32106373 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance is still a major obstacle for lung cancer treatment. Increasing studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are essential meditators of chemoresistance during cancer progression. MiR-451a is reported to be a tumor suppressor during cancer development. However, its effects on lung cancer and drug resistance in lung cancer are still unclear. In the study, the results showed that miR-451a exhibited a significant role in suppressing the drug resistance in lung cancer cells when treated with doxorubicin (DOX) through alleviating epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT), as evidenced by the markedly reduced expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin, while the enhanced expression of E-cadherin. In addition, miR-451a over-expression markedly promoted the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to DOX treatments, and also disrupted the EMT of lung cancer cells. Mechanistically, miR-451a was found to directly target c-Myc to affect the EMT and drug resistance in lung cancer cells in response to DOX incubation. Furthermore, c-Myc knockdown markedly elevated the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to DOX, whereas over-expressing c-Myc markedly reversed the anti-tumor role of DOX, which was slightly diminished by miR-451a mimic. The in vivo experiments confirmed that miR-451a promoted the sensitivity of lung cancer cells-derived tumors to DOX treatment by reducing c-Myc. Therefore, our results revealed a new insight into DOX resistance of lung cancer cells and miR-451a could be considered as a potential therapeutic target to overcome drug resistance in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Tao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Wang Shu-Ling
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Hao Jing-Bo
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Zhang Ying
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Hu Rong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222006, China
| | - Liu Xiang-Qun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Cui Wen-Jie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, China
| | - Zhou Lin-Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
33
|
A non-proliferative role of pyrimidine metabolism in cancer. Mol Metab 2020; 35:100962. [PMID: 32244187 PMCID: PMC7096759 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nucleotide metabolism is a critical pathway that generates purine and pyrimidine molecules for DNA replication, RNA synthesis, and cellular bioenergetics. Increased nucleotide metabolism supports uncontrolled growth of tumors and is a hallmark of cancer. Agents inhibiting synthesis and incorporation of nucleotides in DNA are widely used as chemotherapeutics to reduce tumor growth, cause DNA damage, and induce cell death. Thus, the research on nucleotide metabolism in cancer is primarily focused on its role in cell proliferation. However, in addition to proliferation, the role of purine molecules is established as ligands for purinergic signals. However, so far, the role of the pyrimidines has not been discussed beyond cell growth. Scope of the review In this review we present the key evidence from recent pivotal studies supporting the notion of a non-proliferative role for pyrimidine metabolism (PyM) in cancer, with a special focus on its effect on differentiation in cancers from different origins. Major conclusion In leukemic cells, the pyrimidine catabolism induces terminal differentiation toward monocytic lineage to check the aberrant cell proliferation, whereas in some solid tumors (e.g., triple negative breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma), catalytic degradation of pyrimidines maintains the mesenchymal-like state driven by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This review further broadens this concept to understand the effect of PyM on metastasis and, ultimately, delivers a rationale to investigate the involvement of the pyrimidine molecules as oncometabolites. Overall, understanding the non-proliferative role of PyM in cancer will lead to improvement of the existing antimetabolites and to development of new therapeutic options.
Collapse
|
|
34
|
During mitosis ZEB1 "switches" from being a chromatin-bound epithelial gene repressor, to become a microtubule-associated protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118673. [PMID: 32057919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules are polymers of α/β-tubulin, with microtubule organization being regulated by microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). Herein, we describe a novel role for the epithelial gene repressor, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), that "switches" from a chromatin-associated protein during interphase, to a MAP that associates with α-, β- and γ-tubulin during mitosis. Additionally, ZEB1 was also demonstrated to associate with γ-tubulin at the microtubule organizing center (MTOC). Using confocal microscopy, ZEB1 localization was predominantly nuclear during interphase, with α/β-tubulin being primarily cytoplasmic and the association between these proteins being minimal. However, during the stages of mitosis, ZEB1 co-localization with α-, β-, and γ-tubulin was significantly increased, with the association commonly peaking during metaphase in multiple tumor cell-types. ZEB1 was also observed to accumulate in the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis. The increased interaction between ZEB1 and α-tubulin during mitosis was also confirmed using the proximity ligation assay. In contrast to ZEB1, its paralog ZEB2, was mainly perinuclear and cytoplasmic during interphase, showing some co-localization with α-tubulin during mitosis. Considering the association between ZEB1 with α/β/γ-tubulin during mitosis, studies investigated ZEB1's role in the cell cycle. Silencing ZEB1 resulted in a G2-M arrest, which could be mediated by the up-regulation of p21Waf1/Cip1 and p27Kip1 that are known downstream targets repressed by ZEB1. However, it cannot be excluded the G2/M arrest observed after ZEB1 silencing is not due to its roles as a MAP. Collectively, ZEB1 plays a role as a MAP during mitosis and could be functionally involved in this process.
Collapse
|
|
35
|
Henke E, Nandigama R, Ergün S. Extracellular Matrix in the Tumor Microenvironment and Its Impact on Cancer Therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 6:160. [PMID: 32118030 PMCID: PMC7025524 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 553] [Impact Index Per Article: 138.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors are complex organ-like structures that consist not only of tumor cells but also of vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), stromal, and immune cells. Often, this tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises the larger part of the overall tumor mass. Like the other components of the TME, the ECM in solid tumors differs significantly from that in normal organs. Intratumoral signaling, transport mechanisms, metabolisms, oxygenation, and immunogenicity are strongly affected if not controlled by the ECM. Exerting this regulatory control, the ECM does not only influence malignancy and growth of the tumor but also its response toward therapy. Understanding the particularities of the ECM in solid tumor is necessary to develop approaches to interfere with its negative effect. In this review, we will also highlight the current understanding of the physical, cellular, and molecular mechanisms by which the pathological tumor ECM affects the efficiency of radio-, chemo-, and immunotherapy. Finally, we will discuss the various strategies to target and modify the tumor ECM and how they could be utilized to improve response to therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Henke
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rajender Nandigama
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
|
36
|
Han X, Liu F, Zhang C, Ren Z, Li L, Wang G. SIAH1/ZEB1/IL-6 axis is involved in doxorubicin (Dox) resistance of osteosarcoma cells. Biol Chem 2019; 400:545-553. [PMID: 30265649 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) patients often exhibit pulmonary metastasis, which results in high patient mortality. Our present study established the doxorubicin (Dox) resistant human OS MG-63 and HOS cells and named them MG-63/Dox and HOS/Dox, respectively. The Dox resistant OS cells had greater invasion ability than that of parental cells. The expression of ZEB1, while not FOXM1, Snail, HIF-1α, or Sp1, was significantly increased in Dox resistant OS cells. Silencing of ZEB1 can attenuate the metastasis and increase Dox sensitivity of MG-63/Dox and HOS/Dox cells. The upregulation of ZEB1 can increase of the expression of interlukin-6 (IL-6). Anti-IL-6 inhibited the invasion and increase the Dox sensitivity of MG-63/Dox and HOS/Dox cells. There was no significant difference of ZEB1 mRNA between Dox resistant and control cells. The upregulation of ZEB1 in Dox resistant OS cells can be attributed to the increase of protein half-life. This was confirmed by results that the inhibitor of proteasomal degradation can increase ZEB1 in Dox resistant OS cells. Over expression of SIAH1 can inhibit the expression of ZEB1 and increase the Dox sensitivity of MG-63/Dox and HOS/Dox cells. Collectively, we confirmed that SIAH1 induced ZEB1 is involved in the Dox resistance of OS cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxin Han
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengting Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwu Ren
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Guowen Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
|
37
|
Zhou J, Du Y, Lu Y, Luan B, Xu C, Yu Y, Zhao H. CD44 Expression Predicts Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer Patients Through Promoting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) by Regulating Snail, ZEB1, and Caveolin-1. Front Oncol 2019; 9:802. [PMID: 31497537 PMCID: PMC6712994 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: CD44, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is involved in the generation of a stem cell niche and maintaining stem cell quiescence. The aim of this study was to evaluate its contribution to ovarian cancer prognosis and progression, as well as explore the possible mechanisms. Materials and Methods: The expression of CD44 in tissue microarray of 90 ovarian cancer patients was detected by immunohistochemistry. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model were used to evaluate the factors associated with 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival. CD44 was knocked down by small interfering RNA, the expression of Snail, ZEB1, and Caveolin-1 in a stable Snail-expressing ovarian cancer cell line HO8910PM-Snail (HOPM-Snail) and its control cell line HO8910PM-vector (HOPM) was detected by western blotting analysis. Cell clone formation, migration, and invasion of HOPM-Snail and HOPM cells with CD44 silencing were examined by 3-D culture assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay, respectively. Results: Over-expression of CD44 was associated with advanced histological grade (p = 0.014) and FIGO stage (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that CD44 expression was an independent prognostic factor to predict both overall survival (p = 0.004) and disease-free survival (p = 0.025) of ovarian cancer patients. Down-regulation of CD44 expression by small silencing RNA abrogated both basal Snail expression and TGF-β1-induced Snail expression in HOPM and HOPM-Snail cells. In addition, CD44 knockdown caused a decrease in ZEB1 expression. RPPA data indicated that Caveolin-1 may be another regulative target of CD44, and western blotting analysis confirmed that CD44 knockdown caused an increase in Caveolin-1 expression. However, there was no noticeable reciprocal regulation among ZEB1, Caveolin-1, and Snail. Moreover, CD44 knockdown caused a decrease in cell clone formation, migration, and invasion of HOPM and HOPM-Snail cells. Conclusions: As both Snail and ZEB1 are crucial inducers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), our data suggested that CD44 may be crucial for the EMT process of ovarian cancer. Therefore, CD44 may be a potential prognostic marker as well as treatment target for ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Du
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Lu
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Baoxin Luan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Congjian Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinhua Yu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
38
|
El Amrani M, Corfiotti F, Corvaisier M, Vasseur R, Fulbert M, Skrzypczyk C, Deshorgues AC, Gnemmi V, Tulasne D, Lahdaoui F, Vincent A, Pruvot FR, Van Seuningen I, Huet G, Truant S. Gemcitabine-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like changes sustain chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer cells of mesenchymal-like phenotype. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1985-1997. [PMID: 31373074 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Growing body of evidence suggests that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process in tumor progression and chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer (PC). The aim of this study was to analyze the role of EMT-like changes in acquisition of resistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cells of the mesenchymal or epithelial phenotype. Therefore, chemoresistant BxPC-3, Capan-2, Panc-1, and MiaPaca-2 cells were selected by chronic exposure to increasing concentrations of gemcitabine. We show that gemcitabine-resistant Panc-1 and MiaPaca-2 cells of mesenchymal-like phenotype undergo further EMT-like molecular changes mediated by ERK-ZEB-1 pathway, and that inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation or ZEB-1 expression resulted in a decrease in chemoresistance. Conversely, gemcitabine-resistant BxPC-3 and Capan-2 cells of epithelial-like phenotype did not show such typical EMT-like molecular changes although the expression of the tight junction marker occludin could be found decreased. In pancreatic cancer patients, high ZEB-1 expression was associated with tumor invasion and tumor budding. In addition, tumor budding was essentially observed in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These findings support the notion that gemcitabine treatment induces EMT-like changes that sustain invasion and chemoresistance in PC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi El Amrani
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - François Corfiotti
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Matthieu Corvaisier
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France
| | - Romain Vasseur
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France
| | - Maxence Fulbert
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Cécile Skrzypczyk
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Claire Deshorgues
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Viviane Gnemmi
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France.,Department of Pathology, Center of Biology-Pathology, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - David Tulasne
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T, Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Target Therapies, Université de Lille, CNRS, Lille, France
| | - Fatima Lahdaoui
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France
| | - Audrey Vincent
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France
| | - François-René Pruvot
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Van Seuningen
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France
| | - Guillemette Huet
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Truant
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S 1172, Lille, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
|
39
|
Song KA, Faber AC. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and drug resistance: transitioning away from death. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:E82-E85. [PMID: 31372302 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.06.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Song
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Anthony C Faber
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
40
|
Yang Y, Yao JH, Du QY, Zhou YC, Yao TJ, Wu Q, Liu J, Ou YR. Connexin 32 downregulation is critical for chemoresistance in oxaliplatin-resistant HCC cells associated with EMT. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:5133-5146. [PMID: 31213923 PMCID: PMC6549660 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s203656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxaliplatin (OXA)-based chemotherapy is critical in the management of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, acquired drug resistance has largely restricted its clinical efficacy. This study aims to explore the key mechanisms and regulatory factors determining chemosensitivity in HCC. Methods: We developed OXA-resistant (OR) HCC cells and used multiple methods, including real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence, transwell invasion assay, wound-healing assay, MTT assay, gene transfection, and immunohistochemistry to achieve our goals. Results: We found that OR HCC cells showed a typical epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. Meanwhile, the expression of Cx32, a major member of the liver connexin (Cx) family, was lowly expressed in OR HCC cells. Downregulation of Cx32 in parental HCC cells led to EMT induction and thereby reduced OXA cytotoxicity, while Cx32 upregulation in OR HCC cells could reverse the EMT phenotype and partially restore chemosensitivity to OXA. Finally, in human HCC tissue samples, Cx32 was positively correlated with the expression of the EMT marker E-cadherin and negatively correlated with the expression of Vimentin. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that downregulation of Cx32 may be an important determinant for HCC cells to acquire EMT-related acquired drug resistance to OXA, and targeting Cx32 could be a novel strategy to overcome OXA resistance in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Hao Yao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Yu Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Chun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Jing Yao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Rong Ou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
|
41
|
Aiello NM, Kang Y. Context-dependent EMT programs in cancer metastasis. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1016-1026. [PMID: 30975895 PMCID: PMC6504222 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental process whereby stationary, adherent cells acquire the ability to migrate. EMT is critical for dramatic cellular movements during embryogenesis; however, tumor cells can reactivate EMT programs, which increases their aggressiveness. In addition to motility, EMT is associated with enhanced stem cell properties and drug resistance; thus it can drive metastasis, tumor recurrence, and therapy resistance in the context of cancer. However, the precise requirements for EMT in metastasis have not been fully delineated, with different tumor types relying on discrete EMT effectors. Most tumor cells do not undergo a full EMT, but rather adopt some qualities of mesenchymal cells and maintain some epithelial characteristics. Emerging evidence suggests that partial EMT can drive distinct migratory properties and enhance the epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity of cancer cells as well as cell fate plasticity. This review discusses the diverse regulatory mechanisms and functional consequences of EMT, with an emphasis on the importance of partial EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Aiello
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ
| |
Collapse
|
|
42
|
Matsubara T, Tagawa T, Takada K, Toyokawa G, Shimokawa M, Kozuma Y, Akamine T, Haro A, Osoegawa A, Mori M. Clinical and Prognostic Significance of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Stage IA Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis. Clin Lung Cancer 2019; 20:e504-e513. [PMID: 31103348 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) describes the process through which cells lose epithelial characteristics and gain a mesenchymal phenotype. The EMT contributes to tumor invasion and cancer progression, and is associated with metastasis and poor survival of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. However, little is known about the relationships between the EMT and the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with stage IA lung adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of the EMT markers E-cadherin and vimentin of specimens acquired from 183 consecutive patients with stage IA lung adenocarcinoma. The clinicopathologic significance of the association of the EMT status with E-cadherin and vimentin expression was analyzed after propensity score matching. RESULTS E-cadherin and vimentin were detected in 68.3% and 18.6% of stage IA lung adenocarcinomas, respectively. The presence of cells with EMT conversion was associated with older patient age. A propensity score-matched cohort (128 patients) was used for further analyses. Computed tomography revealed that tumors with EMT conversion showed solid-dominant nodules compared to those without conversion. Survival analysis after propensity score matching showed that the EMT correlated with poor disease-free survival (hazard ratio = 2.57, P = .0451) and overall survival (hazard ratio = 4.23, P = .0471). Multivariate analysis revealed that the EMT was an independent predictor of shorter disease-free survival. CONCLUSION The EMT was a significant predictor of poor prognosis of patients with stage IA lung adenocarcinoma. The EMT status may serve as an indicator for administering adjuvant therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Matsubara
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuzo Tagawa
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Takada
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gouji Toyokawa
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Yuka Kozuma
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takaki Akamine
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Haro
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Osoegawa
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
|
43
|
Kwok GTY, Zhao JT, Glover AR, Gill AJ, Clifton-Bligh R, Robinson BG, Ip JCY, Sidhu SB. microRNA-431 as a Chemosensitizer and Potentiator of Drug Activity in Adrenocortical Carcinoma. Oncologist 2019; 24:e241-e250. [PMID: 30918109 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine cancer with treatments limited in efficacy for metastatic disease. New molecular targeted therapies have yet to improve patient outcomes. In contrast, established treatment regimens of adrenolytics and chemotherapy have demonstrated treatment benefit, although admittedly in a minority of patients. Identification of microRNAs (miRNAs) in patients responsive to adjuvant therapy may offer a means to sensitize patients with progressive disease to existing adjuvant regimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples from primary ACC tumors of 10 Stage IV patients were examined for differentially expressed miRNAs between a "sensitive" and "resistant" cohort. Candidate microRNAs were restored via transfection in two functional ACC cell lines. Gain of function and effects on apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed. RESULTS microRNA-431 (miR-431) was underexpressed in patients with ACC with progressive disease undergoing adjuvant therapy. Restoration of miR-431 in vitro decreased the half maximal inhibitory concentrations of doxorubicin and mitotane, with markedly increased apoptosis. We found that a reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition underlies the action of miR-431 with doxorubicin treatment, with Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 1 implicated as the molecular target of miR-431 in ACC. CONCLUSION This is the first report of the potential of miRNA therapy to sensitize ACC to current established adjuvant therapy regimens, which may mitigate the resistance underlying treatment failure in patients with advanced ACC. Effective and well-studied methods of targeted miRNA delivery in existence hints at the imminent translatability of these findings. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine cancer with outcomes not improving despite extensive research and new targeted therapies. Mitotane and etoposide/doxorubicin/cisplatin chemotherapy is trial validated for improved recurrence-free survival. However, a minority of patients experience sustained benefit. Significant side effects exist for this regimen, with patients often unable to attain target drug doses shown to give survival benefit. This preclinical study examines the role of microRNAs in sensitizing ACC to doxorubicin or mitotane. This study offers an important bridge between new and existing cancer treatments, offering an imminently translatable approach to the treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace T Y Kwok
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jing Ting Zhao
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony R Glover
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony J Gill
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards and University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roderick Clifton-Bligh
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School Northern, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, St Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney Endocrine Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, St Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bruce G Robinson
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julian C Y Ip
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stan B Sidhu
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney Endocrine Surgery Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, St Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
|
44
|
Fouani L, Kovacevic Z, Richardson DR. Targeting Oncogenic Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling with Redox-Active Agents for Cancer Treatment. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1096-1123. [PMID: 29161883 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling is essential under physiologically relevant conditions. However, aberrant activation of this pathway plays a pertinent role in tumorigenesis and contributes to resistance. Recent Advances: The importance of the NF-κB pathway means that its targeting must be specific to avoid side effects. For many currently used therapeutics and those under development, the ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a promising strategy. CRITICAL ISSUES As cancer cells exhibit greater ROS levels than their normal counterparts, they are more sensitive to additional ROS, which may be a potential therapeutic niche. It is known that ROS are involved in (i) the activation of NF-κB signaling, when in sublethal amounts; and (ii) high levels induce cytotoxicity resulting in apoptosis. Indeed, ROS-induced cytotoxicity is valuable for its capabilities in killing cancer cells, but establishing the potency of ROS for effective inhibition of NF-κB signaling is necessary. Indeed, some cancer treatments, currently used, activate NF-κB and may stimulate oncogenesis and confer resistance. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Thus, combinatorial approaches using ROS-generating agents alongside conventional therapeutics may prove an effective tactic to reduce NF-κB activity to kill cancer cells. One strategy is the use of thiosemicarbazones, which form redox-active metal complexes that generate high ROS levels to deliver potent antitumor activity. These agents also upregulate the metastasis suppressor, N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), which functions as an NF-κB signaling inhibitor. It is proposed that targeting NF-κB signaling may proffer a new therapeutic niche to improve the efficacy of anticancer regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Fouani
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Zaklina Kovacevic
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
|
45
|
He Y, Xie H, Yu P, Jiang S, Wei L. FOXC2 promotes epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 82:1049-1059. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-018-3697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
|
46
|
Shen J, Zhou W, Bi N, Song YM, Zhang FQ, Zhan QM, Wang LH. MicroRNA-886-3P functions as a tumor suppressor in small cell lung cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:1185-1192. [PMID: 30230945 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1491505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive disease and miRNAs may play an important role in modulating SCLC progression. We have previously screened 924 miRNAs and found that miR-886-3P was negatively associated with SCLC survival. In the current study, we further investigated the role of miR-886-3P mimic in regulating SCLC cell phenotypic alteration in vitro and xenograft tumor formation in vivo. We found that transfection of miR-886-3P mimic significantly inhibited SCLC cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation, and induced mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) by suppressing TGF-ß1 synthesis in vitro. Furthermore, intra-tumor injection of miR-886-3P mimic lead to necrosis and suppression of tumor invasion to the surrounding tissue in the subcutaneous xenograft tumor, and intra-vein injection of miR-886-3P mimic suppressed xenograft lung cancer growth in vivo. These findings suggested that miR-886-3P functions as a tumor suppressor in SCLC and thus, it might be a potential therapeutic molecule in the treatment of lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Wei Zhou
- b State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology , Peking Union medical College Hospital Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Nan Bi
- c Department of Radiation Oncology , Peking Union medical College Hospital Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Yong-Mei Song
- b State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology , Peking Union medical College Hospital Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Fu-Quan Zhang
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - Qi-Min Zhan
- b State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology , Peking Union medical College Hospital Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Lv-Hua Wang
- c Department of Radiation Oncology , Peking Union medical College Hospital Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| |
Collapse
|
|
47
|
van Staalduinen J, Baker D, Ten Dijke P, van Dam H. Epithelial-mesenchymal-transition-inducing transcription factors: new targets for tackling chemoresistance in cancer? Oncogene 2018; 37:6195-6211. [PMID: 30002444 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0378-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemoresistance remains a major complication of cancer treatments. Recent data provide strong evidence that chemoresistance is linked to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a latent developmental process, which is re-activated during cancer progression. EMT involves transcriptional reprogramming and is driven by specific EMT transcription factors (EMT-TFs). In this review, we provide support for the idea that EMT-TFs contribute to the development of resistance against cancer therapy and discuss how EMT-TFs might be targeted to advance novel therapeutic approaches to the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jente van Staalduinen
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - David Baker
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
| | - Hans van Dam
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
|
48
|
Redfern AD, Spalding LJ, Thompson EW. The Kraken Wakes: induced EMT as a driver of tumour aggression and poor outcome. Clin Exp Metastasis 2018; 35:285-308. [PMID: 29948647 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-018-9906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) describes the shift of cells from an epithelial form to a contact independent, migratory, mesenchymal form. In cancer the change is linked to invasion and metastasis. Tumour conditions, including hypoxia, acidosis and a range of treatments can trigger EMT, which is implicated in the subsequent development of resistance to those same treatments. Consequently, the degree to which EMT occurs may underpin the entire course of tumour progression and treatment response in a patient. In this review we look past the protective effect of EMT against the initial treatment, to the role of the mesenchymal state, once triggered, in promoting disease growth, spread and future treatment insensitivity. In patients a correlation was found between the propensity of a treatment to induce EMT and failure of that treatment to provide a survival benefit, implicating EMT induction in accelerated tumour progression after treatment cessation. Looking to the mechanisms driving this detrimental effect; increased proliferation, suppressed apoptosis, stem cell induction, augmented angiogenesis, enhanced metastatic dissemination, and immune tolerance, can all result from treatment-induced EMT and could worsen outcome. Evidence also suggests EMT induction with earlier therapies attenuates benefits of later treatments. Looking beyond epithelial tumours, de-differentiation also has therapy-attenuating effects and reversal thereof may yield similar rewards. A range of potential therapies are in development that may address the diverse mechanisms and molecular control systems involved in EMT-induced accelerated progression. Considering the broad reaching effects of mesenchymal shift identified, successful deployment of such treatments could substantially improve patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Redfern
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia (UWA), Harry Perkins Building, Fiona Stanley Hospital Campus, Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
| | - Lisa J Spalding
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia (UWA), Harry Perkins Building, Fiona Stanley Hospital Campus, Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Erik W Thompson
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
|
49
|
Mitra T, Prasad P, Mukherjee P, Chaudhuri SR, Chatterji U, Roy SS. Stemness and chemoresistance are imparted to the OC cells through TGFβ1 driven EMT. J Cell Biochem 2018. [PMID: 29537103 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the fourth most common gynecological malignancy due to its highly aggressive, recurrent, and drug-resistant nature. The last two features are rendered by the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Factors like TGFβ1 and their downstream signaling pathways are upregulated in most cancers and are known to induce EMT and stemness, but the exact mechanisms underlying the process remain unelucidated. In our study, TGFβ1 induced enhanced stem-like properties like high expression of the pluripotent markers SOX2, OCT4a, and NANOG, along with CD44, and CD117 in the OC cells. In addition, increased activity of the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme, formation of compact spheroids, and a quiescent phenotype were observed. In deciphering the mechanism behind it, our data propose ZEB1 transcription factor to play a substantial role in inducing the EMT-mediated stemness and chemoresistance. Further, in our study, we elucidated the significant contribution of both Smad and non-Smad pathways like ERK, JNK, and P38 MAPK pathways in the induction of stem-like characteristics. The novelty of the study also resides with the fact in the expression of different lineage-specific markers, like CD31, CD45, and CD117 along with CD44 in the TGFβ1-induced epithelial ovarian cancer spheroids. This suggests a tendency of the spheroidal cells towards differentiating into heterogenic populations, which is a distinctive feature of a stem cell. Taken together, the present study provides an insight to the molecular cues involved in the acquisition of stemness and chemoresistance along with tumor heterogeneity in TGFβ1-induced OC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tulika Mitra
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Parash Prasad
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Pritha Mukherjee
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Susri Ray Chaudhuri
- Tata Translational Cancer Research Centre, Tata Medical Centre, Kolkata, India
| | - Urmi Chatterji
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sib S Roy
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Campus, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
|
50
|
MiR-192 and miR-662 enhance chemoresistance and invasiveness of squamous cell lung carcinoma. Lung Cancer 2018; 118:111-118. [PMID: 29571988 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Overexpression of miR-192, miR-192* and miR-662 was previously found to correlate with poor prognosis of early-stage squamous cell lung cancer (SCC) patients. In this study, we investigated the relevance of these miRNAs to cancer cell biology and chemoresistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS MiRNA expression profile was analysed in 10 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines using RT-qPCR. H520 and H1703 cells were transfected with miRNA inhibitors (anti-miR-192, -192* and -662) for functional studies. Chemoresistance to cisplatin and etoposide was evaluated using MTT colorimetric assay. H520 cells were subjected to 3D soft-agar colony formation assay and H1703 cells to wound healing assay. Whole transcriptome analysis was used to assess the effect of miR-192 and miR-662 inhibition on gene expression. RESULTS SCC cell lines, H520 and H1703, differed in miRNA expression and phenotypic features. MiR-192 and miR-662 inhibition decreased clonogenicity and motility of SCC cells. MiR-192 and miR-662 inhibition sensitized SCC cells to etoposide but not to cisplatin. Whole transcriptome analysis revealed genes regulated by miR-192 and miR-662 in SCC, relevant to maintaining chemoresistance, invasiveness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and immune evasion. CONCLUSIONS We showed for the first time that miR-192 and miR-662 have functional role in SCC cells. Our findings suggest that targeting these miRNAs may impact both chemoresistance and invasiveness of SCC, and add to the evidence linking these aspects of tumour biology. Overexpression of miR-192 and miR-662 might be useful as a marker of resistance to etoposide.
Collapse
|