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Moustafa AH, AboulMagd AM, Ali AM, Khodairy A, Marzouk AA, Nafady A, T M Nemr M. Novel guanidine derivatives targeting leukemia as selective Src/Abl dual inhibitors: Design, synthesis and anti-proliferative activity. Bioorg Chem 2024; 147:107410. [PMID: 38688197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
A new series of benzene-sulfonamide derivatives 3a-i was designed and synthesized via the reaction of N-(pyrimidin-2-yl)cyanamides 1a-i with sulfamethazine sodium salt 2 as dual Src/Abl inhibitors. Spectral data IR, 1H-, 13C- NMR and elemental analyses were used to confirm the structures of all the newly synthesized compounds 3a-i and 4a-i. Crucially, we screened all the synthesized compounds 3a-i against NCI 60 cancer cell lines. Among all, compound 3b was the most potent, with IC50 of 0.018 μM for normoxia, and 0.001 μM for hypoxia, compared to staurosporine against HL-60 leukemia cell line. To verify the selectivity of this derivative, it was assessed against a panel of tyrosine kinase EGFR, VEGFR-2, B-raf, ERK, CK1, p38-MAPK, Src and Abl enzymes. Results revealed that compound 3b can effectively and selectively inhibit Src/Abl with IC500.25 μM and Abl inhibitory activity with IC500.08 μM, respectively, and was found to be more potent on these enzymes than other kinases that showed the following results: EGFR IC500.31 μM, VEGFR-2 IC500.68 μM, B-raf IC500.33 μM, ERK IC501.41 μM, CK1 IC500.29 μM and p38-MAPK IC500.38 μM. Moreover, cell cycle analysis and apoptosis performed to compound 3b against HL-60 suggesting its antiproliferative activity through Src/Abl inhibition. Finally, molecular docking studies and physicochemical properties prediction for compounds 3b, 3c, and 3 h were carried out to investigate their biological activities and clarify their bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H Moustafa
- Faculty of Science, King Salman International University, Ras Sudr, Sinai 46612, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa M AboulMagd
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, El-Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ali M Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Khodairy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Adel A Marzouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut-71524, Egypt; National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Ayman Nafady
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed T M Nemr
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Eini street 11562, Cairo, Egypt.
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Cornejo-Guerra C, Salazar-Ardiles C, Morales P, Andrade DC. Consequences of Exposure to Hypobaric Hypoxia Associated with High Altitude on Spermatogenesis and Seminal Parameters: A Literature Review. Cells 2024; 13:592. [PMID: 38607031 PMCID: PMC11011536 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Preclinical research has provided compelling evidence indicating that exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (HH) results in a deterioration of spermatogenesis. This adverse effect extends to the underlying molecular mechanisms, progressively leading to impairments in the seminiferous epithelium and germ cells and alterations in semen parameters. Indeed, several studies have demonstrated that animals exposed to HH, whether in natural high-altitude environments or under simulated hypoxic conditions, exhibit damage to the self-renewal and differentiation of spermatogenesis, an increase in germline cell apoptosis, and structural alterations in the seminiferous tubules. One of the primary mechanisms associated with the inhibition of differentiation and an increase in apoptosis among germ cells is an elevated level of oxidative stress, which has been closely associated with HH exposure. Human studies have shown that individuals exposed to HH, such as mountaineers and alpinists, exhibit decreased sperm count, reduced motility, diminished viability, and increased sperm with abnormal morphology in their semen. This evidence strongly suggests that exposure to HH may be considered a significant risk factor that could elevate the prevalence of male infertility. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive description and propose potential mechanisms that could elucidate the infertility processes induced by HH. By doing so, it contributes to expanding our understanding of the challenges posed by extreme environments on human physiology, opening new avenues for research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Cornejo-Guerra
- Exercise Applied Physiology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Fisiología y Medicina de Altura (FIMEDALT), Departamento Biomédico, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1271155, Chile; (C.C.-G.); (C.S.-A.)
| | - Camila Salazar-Ardiles
- Exercise Applied Physiology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Fisiología y Medicina de Altura (FIMEDALT), Departamento Biomédico, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1271155, Chile; (C.C.-G.); (C.S.-A.)
| | - Patricio Morales
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Departamento Biomédico, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1271155, Chile;
| | - David C. Andrade
- Exercise Applied Physiology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Fisiología y Medicina de Altura (FIMEDALT), Departamento Biomédico, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1271155, Chile; (C.C.-G.); (C.S.-A.)
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3
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Smolinska A, Chodkowska M, Kominek A, Janiec J, Piwocka K, Sulejczak D, Sarnowska A. Stemness properties of SSEA-4+ subpopulation isolated from heterogenous Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1227034. [PMID: 38455073 PMCID: PMC10917976 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1227034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: High heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) due to different degrees of differentiation of cell subpopulations poses a considerable challenge in preclinical studies. The cells at a pluripotent-like stage represent a stem cell population of interest for many researchers worldwide, which is worthy of identification, isolation, and functional characterization. In the current study, we asked whether Wharton's jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) which express stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4) can be considered as a pluripotent-like stem cell population. Methods: SSEA-4 expression in different culture conditions was compared and the efficiency of two cell separation methods were assessed: Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting (MACS) and Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS). After isolation, SSEA-4+ cells were analyzed for the following parameters: the maintenance of the SSEA-4 antigen expression after cell sorting, stem cell-related gene expression, proliferation potential, clonogenicity, secretome profiling, and the ability to form spheres under 3D culture conditions. Results: FACS allowed for the enrichment of SSEA-4+ cell content in the population that lasted for six passages after sorting. Despite the elevated expression of stemness-related genes, SSEA-4+ cells neither differed in their proliferation and clonogenicity potential from initial and negative populations nor exhibited pluripotent differentiation repertoire. SSEA-4+ cells were observed to form smaller spheroids and exhibited increased survival under 3D conditions. Conclusion: Despite the transient expression of stemness-related genes, our findings could not fully confirm the undifferentiated pluripotent-like nature of the SSEA-4+ WJ-MSC population cultured in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Smolinska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chodkowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Kominek
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Janiec
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Piwocka
- Laboratory of Cytometry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Sulejczak
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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4
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Tran MH, Cai Y, Stroncek D. Liquid Storage of Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Products: Effects of Time and Temperature on Product Quality. Transplant Cell Ther 2024; 30:120.e1-120.e10. [PMID: 37797720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Unrelated donor peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) products often require transport to distant locations, which may take up to 72 hours. Temperature is an important variable that can be controlled during PBSC storage or transport; therefore, we studied the impact of temperature on prolonged storage of clinical-grade, mobilized PBSC products. PBSC products were collected by apheresis from 3 granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized donors, split into 2 PVC blood bags of equal volume, and stored at room temperature (RT) (18°C to 25 ºC) or 4 °C (2°C to 8 ºC) for 96 hours. Samples were obtained at 24-hour intervals for pH, cell counts, flow cytometry phenotyping and viability (7AAD), and hematopoietic colony-forming units (CFU). Starting PBSC products contained 52, 65, and 38 × 109 total nucleated cells (TNCs), with cell concentrations of 125, 263, and 94.6 × 106 TNCs/mL, respectively. Product pH dropped during storage, with significantly lower values for RT stored products than for 4 ºC stored products, and was greatest in the product with the highest TNC count. The percent recovery of viable CD34+ progenitor cells, CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T helper cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, CD19+ B cells, CD15+ granulocytes, CD14+ monocytes, and CD16+/56+ natural killer (NK) cells all decreased over 96 hours but decreased more dramatically in the RT group. Cell recovery differences were statistically significant at most time points for all cell populations except CD15+ granulocytes. For CD34+ cells stored at 4 °C, mean recovery from prestorage values were 97 ± 3% at 24 hours, 87 ± 4% at 48 hours, 88 ± 10% at 72 hours, and 78 ± 1% at 96 hours, compared to RT product values of 45 ± 11%, 19 ± 19%, 2 ± 2%, and 0 ± 0%, respectively. CFUs were well preserved through 96 hours at 4 ºC but not at RT. During PBSC storage, pH and content of viable CD34+ cells, T cells, B cells, monocytes, NK cells, and CFU all declined. However, at 4 ºC, viable cell recoveries are relatively well preserved, even at 72 hours, whereas RT storage resulted in rapid product deterioration. PBSC products requiring prolonged liquid storage or transport before cryopreservation or infusion should be maintained at 4 ºC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Ha Tran
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California.
| | - Yihua Cai
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David Stroncek
- Center for Cellular Engineering, Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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5
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Yasan GT, Gunel-Ozcan A. Hypoxia and Hypoxia Mimetic Agents As Potential Priming Approaches to Empower Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:33-54. [PMID: 36642875 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230113143234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) exhibit self-renewal capacity and multilineage differentiation potential, making them attractive for research and clinical application. The properties of MSC can vary depending on specific micro-environmental factors. MSC resides in specific niches with low oxygen concentrations, where oxygen functions as a metabolic substrate and a signaling molecule. Conventional physical incubators or chemically hypoxia mimetic agents are applied in cultures to mimic the original low oxygen tension settings where MSC originated. This review aims to focus on the current knowledge of the effects of various physical hypoxic conditions and widely used hypoxia-mimetic agents-PHD inhibitors on mesenchymal stem cells at a cellular and molecular level, including proliferation, stemness, differentiation, viability, apoptosis, senescence, migration, immunomodulation behaviors, as well as epigenetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aysen Gunel-Ozcan
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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6
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Mahjoor M, Fakouri A, Farokhi S, Nazari H, Afkhami H, Heidari F. Regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal cells in wound healing: unveiling the influence of normoxic and hypoxic environments. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1245872. [PMID: 37900276 PMCID: PMC10603205 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1245872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate and adaptive immune systems rely on the skin for various purposes, serving as the primary defense against harmful environmental elements. However, skin lesions may lead to undesirable consequences such as scarring, accelerated skin aging, functional impairment, and psychological effects over time. The rising popularity of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for skin wound treatment is due to their potential as a promising therapeutic option. MSCs offer advantages in terms of differentiation capacity, accessibility, low immunogenicity, and their central role in natural wound-healing processes. To accelerate the healing process, MSCs promote cell migration, angiogenesis, epithelialization, and granulation tissue development. Oxygen plays a critical role in the formation and expansion of mammalian cells. The term "normoxia" refers to the usual oxygen levels, defined at 20.21 percent oxygen (160 mm of mercury), while "hypoxia" denotes oxygen levels of 2.91 percent or less. Notably, the ambient O2 content (20%) in the lab significantly differs from the 2%-9% O2 concentration in their natural habitat. Oxygen regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) mediated expression of multiple genes plays a crucial role in sustaining stem cell destiny concerning proliferation and differentiation. This study aims to elucidate the impact of normoxia and hypoxia on MSC biology and draw comparisons between the two. The findings suggest that expanding MSC-based regenerative treatments in a hypoxic environment can enhance their growth kinetics, genetic stability, and expression of chemokine receptors, ultimately increasing their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Mahjoor
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arshia Fakouri
- Student Research Committee, USERN Office, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Simin Farokhi
- Student Research Committee, USERN Office, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hojjatollah Nazari
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Heidari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
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7
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Matveeva D, Buravkov S, Andreeva E, Buravkova L. Hypoxic Extracellular Matrix Preserves Its Competence after Expansion of Human MSCs under Physiological Hypoxia In Vitro. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:476. [PMID: 37887607 PMCID: PMC10604705 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8060476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-relevant O2 levels are considered as an important tool for the preconditioning of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for regenerative medicine needs. The present study investigated the quality and functions of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of MSCs under low O2 levels. Human adipose tissue-derived MSCs were continuously expanded under normoxia (20% O2, N) or "physiological" hypoxia (5% O2, Hyp). Decellularized ECM (dcECM) was prepared. The structure of the dcECM was analyzed using confocal laser and scanning electron microscopy. Collagen, dcECM-N, and dcECM-Hyp were recellularized with MSC-N and further cultured at normoxia. The efficacy of adhesion, spreading, growth, osteogenic potential, and paracrine activity of recellularized MSC-N were evaluated. At low O2, the dcECM showed an increased alignment of fibrillar structures and provided accelerated spreading of MSC-N, indicating increased dcECM-Hyp stiffness. We described O2-dependent "ECM-education" of MSC-N when cultured on dcECM-Hyp. This was manifested as attenuated spontaneous osteo-commitment, increased susceptibility to osteo-induction, and a shift in the paracrine profile. It has been suggested that the ECM after physiological hypoxia is able to ensure the maintenance of a low-commitment state of MSCs. DcECM, which preserves the competence of the natural microenvironment of cells and is capable of "educating" others, appears to be a prospective tool for guiding cell modifications for cell therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Andreeva
- Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123007, Russia; (D.M.); (S.B.); (L.B.)
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8
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Enukashvily NI, Belik LA, Semenova NY, Kostroma II, Motyko EV, Gritsaev SV, Bessmeltsev SS, Sidorkevich SV, Martynkevich IS. Transcription of WNT Genes in Hematopoietic Niche's Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Different Responses to Treatment. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051097. [PMID: 37239457 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are involved in bone tissue remodeling due to their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts and to influence osteoclasts' activity. Multiple myeloma (MM) is associated with bone resorption. During disease progression, MSCs acquire a tumor-associated phenotype, losing their osteogenic potential. The process is associated with impaired osteoblasts/osteoclasts balance. The WNT signaling pathway plays a major role in maintaining the balance. In MM, it functions in an aberrant way. It is not known yet whether the WNT pathway is restored in patients' bone narrow after treatment. The aim of the study was to compare the level of WNT family gene transcription in the bone marrow MSCs of healthy donors and MM patients before and after therapy. The study included healthy donors (n = 3), primary patients (n = 3) and patients with different response status to therapy (bortezomib-containing induction regimens) (n = 12). The transcription of the WNT and CTNNB1 (encoding β-catenin) genes was accessed using qPCR. The mRNA quantity of ten WNT genes, as well as CTNNB1 mRNA encoding β-catenin, a key mediator in canonical signaling, was evaluated. The observed differences between the groups of patients indicated that aberrant functioning of the WNT pathway was retained after treatment. The differences that we detected for WNT2B, WNT9B and CTNNB1 suggested their possible application as prognostic molecular markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natella I Enukashvily
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, FMBA of Russian Federation, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Cell Technologies Lab., North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, 191015 St. Peterburg, Russia
| | - Liubov A Belik
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, FMBA of Russian Federation, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Cell Technology Center Pokrovsky, 199066 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Yu Semenova
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, FMBA of Russian Federation, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan I Kostroma
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, FMBA of Russian Federation, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Motyko
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, FMBA of Russian Federation, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey V Gritsaev
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, FMBA of Russian Federation, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stanislav S Bessmeltsev
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, FMBA of Russian Federation, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey V Sidorkevich
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, FMBA of Russian Federation, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina S Martynkevich
- Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, FMBA of Russian Federation, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia
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9
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Molley TG, Jiang S, Ong L, Kopecky C, Ranaweera CD, Jalandhra GK, Milton L, Kardia E, Zhou Z, Rnjak-Kovacina J, Waters SA, Toh YC, Kilian KA. Gas-modulating microcapsules for spatiotemporal control of hypoxia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217557120. [PMID: 37040415 PMCID: PMC10120079 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217557120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is a vital molecule involved in regulating development, homeostasis, and disease. The oxygen levels in tissue vary from 1 to 14% with deviations from homeostasis impacting regulation of various physiological processes. In this work, we developed an approach to encapsulate enzymes at high loading capacity, which precisely controls the oxygen content in cell culture. Here, a single microcapsule is able to locally perturb the oxygen balance, and varying the concentration and distribution of matrix-embedded microcapsules provides spatiotemporal control. We demonstrate attenuation of hypoxia signaling in populations of stem cells, cancer cells, endothelial cells, cancer spheroids, and intestinal organoids. Varying capsule placement, media formulation, and timing of replenishment yields tunable oxygen gradients, with concurrent spatial growth and morphogenesis in a single well. Capsule containing hydrogel films applied to chick chorioallantoic membranes encourages neovascularization, providing scope for topical treatments or hydrogel wound dressings. This platform can be used in a variety of formats, including deposition in hydrogels, as granular solids for 3D bioprinting, and as injectable biomaterials. Overall, this platform's simplicity and flexibility will prove useful for fundamental studies of oxygen-mediated processes in virtually any in vitro or in vivo format, with scope for inclusion in biomedical materials for treating injury or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Molley
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Shouyuan Jiang
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Louis Ong
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD4000, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD4059, Australia
- Max-Planck Queensland Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD4059, Australia
| | - Chantal Kopecky
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | | | - Gagan K. Jalandhra
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Laura Milton
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD4000, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD4059, Australia
| | - Egi Kardia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Zeheng Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Shafagh A. Waters
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
| | - Yi-Chin Toh
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD4000, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD4059, Australia
- Max-Planck Queensland Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD4059, Australia
- Centre for Microbiome Research, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, QLD4102, Australia
| | - Kristopher A. Kilian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
- Molecular and Integrative Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, Australia
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10
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Cheng M, Yuan W, Moshaverinia A, Yu B. Rejuvenation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Ameliorate Skeletal Aging. Cells 2023; 12:998. [PMID: 37048071 PMCID: PMC10093211 DOI: 10.3390/cells12070998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced age is a shared risk factor for many chronic and debilitating skeletal diseases including osteoporosis and periodontitis. Mesenchymal stem cells develop various aging phenotypes including the onset of senescence, intrinsic loss of regenerative potential and exacerbation of inflammatory microenvironment via secretory factors. This review elaborates on the emerging concepts on the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of MSC senescence, such as the accumulation of oxidative stress, DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Senescent MSCs aggravate local inflammation, disrupt bone remodeling and bone-fat balance, thereby contributing to the progression of age-related bone diseases. Various rejuvenation strategies to target senescent MSCs could present a promising paradigm to restore skeletal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjia Cheng
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Weihao Yuan
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Section of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bo Yu
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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11
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Dienemann S, Schmidt V, Fleischhammer T, Mueller JH, Lavrentieva A. Comparative analysis of hypoxic response of human microvascular and umbilical vein endothelial cells in 2D and 3D cell culture systems. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1111-1120. [PMID: 36947660 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
In vitro cultivation conditions play a crucial role in cell physiology and the cellular response to external stimuli. Oxygen concentrations represent an essential microenvironmental factor influencing cell physiology and behaviour both in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, new approaches are urgently needed to monitor and control oxygen concentrations in 2D and 3D cultures, as well as cell reactions to these concentrations. In this work, we modified two types of human endothelial cells-human microvascular (huMECs) and umbilical vein endothelial cells (huVECs) with genetically encoded hypoxia biosensors and monitored cell reactions in 2D to different oxygen concentrations. Moreover, we fabricated 3D cell spheroids of different cell numbers and sizes to reveal the onset of hypoxia in huVECs and huMECs. We could demonstrate a quantitative sensor response of two cell types to reduced oxygen supply in 2D and reveal different thresholds for hypoxic response. In 3D cell spheroids we could estimate critical construct sizes for the appearance of a hypoxic core. This work for the first time directly demonstrates different hypoxic signatures for huVECs and huMECs in 2D and 3D cell culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Dienemann
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tabea Fleischhammer
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia H Mueller
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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12
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Yang L, Gilbertsen A, Xia H, Benyumov A, Smith K, Herrera J, Racila E, Bitterman PB, Henke CA. Hypoxia enhances IPF mesenchymal progenitor cell fibrogenicity via the lactate/GPR81/HIF1α pathway. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e163820. [PMID: 36656644 PMCID: PMC9977506 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.163820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a sentinel feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The IPF microenvironment contains high lactate levels, and hypoxia enhances cellular lactate production. Lactate, acting through the GPR81 lactate receptor, serves as a signal molecule regulating cellular processes. We previously identified intrinsically fibrogenic mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) that drive fibrosis in the lungs of patients with IPF. However, whether hypoxia enhances IPF MPC fibrogenicity is unclear. We hypothesized that hypoxia increases IPF MPC fibrogenicity via lactate and its cognate receptor GPR81. Here we show that hypoxia promotes IPF MPC self-renewal. The mechanism involves hypoxia-mediated enhancement of LDHA function and lactate production and release. Hypoxia also increases HIF1α levels, and this increase in turn augments the expression of GPR81. Exogenous lactate operating through GPR81 promotes IPF MPC self-renewal. IHC analysis of IPF lung tissue demonstrates IPF MPCs expressing GPR81 and hypoxic markers on the periphery of the fibroblastic focus. We show that hypoxia enhances IPF MPC fibrogenicity in vivo. We demonstrate that knockdown of GPR81 inhibits hypoxia-induced IPF MPC self-renewal in vitro and attenuates hypoxia-induced IPF MPC fibrogenicity in vivo. Our data demonstrate that hypoxia creates a feed-forward loop that augments IPF MPC fibrogenicity via the lactate/GPR81/HIF1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Karen Smith
- CSENG Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Emil Racila
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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13
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Mayer J, Krug C, Saller M, Feuchtinger A, Giunta R, Volkmer E, Holzbach T. Hypoxic pre-conditioned adipose-derived stem/progenitor cells embedded in fibrin conduits promote peripheral nerve regeneration in a sciatic nerve graft model. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:652-656. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.346464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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14
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Mavinga M, Palmier M, Rémy M, Jeannière C, Lenoir S, Rey S, Saint-Marc M, Alonso F, Génot E, Thébaud N, Chevret E, Mournetas V, Rousseau B, Boiziau C, Boeuf H. The Journey of SCAPs (Stem Cells from Apical Papilla), from Their Native Tissue to Grafting: Impact of Oxygen Concentration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244098. [PMID: 36552862 PMCID: PMC9776846 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering strategies aim at characterizing and at optimizing the cellular component that is combined with biomaterials, for improved tissue regeneration. Here, we present the immunoMap of apical papilla, the native tissue from which SCAPs are derived. We characterized stem cell niches that correspond to a minority population of cells expressing Mesenchymal stromal/Stem Cell (CD90, CD105, CD146) and stemness (SSEA4 and CD49f) markers as well as endothelial cell markers (VWF, CD31). Based on the colocalization of TKS5 and cortactin markers, we detected migration-associated organelles, podosomes-like structures, in specific regions and, for the first time, in association with stem cell niches in normal tissue. From six healthy teenager volunteers, each with two teeth, we derived twelve cell banks, isolated and amplified under 21 or 3% O2. We confirmed a proliferative advantage of all banks when cultured under 3% versus 21% O2. Interestingly, telomerase activity was similar to that of the highly proliferative hiPSC cell line, but unrelated to O2 concentration. Finally, SCAPs embedded in a thixotropic hydrogel and implanted subcutaneously in immunodeficient mice were protected from cell death with a slightly greater advantage for cells preconditioned at 3% O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Mavinga
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BIOTIS, U1026, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Murielle Rémy
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BIOTIS, U1026, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Solène Lenoir
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BIOTIS, U1026, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvie Rey
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BIOTIS, U1026, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Florian Alonso
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BIOTIS, U1026, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Elisabeth Génot
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BIOTIS, U1026, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Noélie Thébaud
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BIOTIS, U1026, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Edith Chevret
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BRIC, U1312, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Benoit Rousseau
- Univ. Bordeaux, Animal Facility A2, Service Commun des Animaleries, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Helene Boeuf
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, BIOTIS, U1026, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
- Correspondence:
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15
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Regulates CD9 Expression and Dissemination of B Lymphoblasts. Leuk Res 2022; 123:106964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2022.106964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Magliulo D, Bernardi R. Hypoxic stress and hypoxia-inducible factors in leukemias. Front Oncol 2022; 12:973978. [PMID: 36059690 PMCID: PMC9435438 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.973978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To cope with hypoxic stress, ancient organisms have developed evolutionally conserved programs centered on hypoxia-inducible transcriptional factors (HIFs). HIFs and their regulatory proteins have evolved as rheostats to adapt cellular metabolism to atmospheric oxygen fluctuations, but the amplitude of their transcriptional programs has tremendously increased along evolution to include a wide spectrum of physiological and pathological processes. The bone marrow represents a notable example of an organ that is physiologically exposed to low oxygen levels and where basal activation of hypoxia signaling appears to be intrinsically wired within normal and neoplastic hematopoietic cells. HIF-mediated responses are mainly piloted by the oxygen-labile α subunits HIF1α and HIF2α, and current literature suggests that these genes have a functional specification that remains to be fully defined. Since their identification in the mid 90s, HIF factors have been extensively studied in solid tumors, while their implication in leukemia has lagged behind. In the last decades however, many laboratories have addressed the function of hypoxia signaling in leukemia and obtained somewhat contradictory results. Suppression of HIFs expression in different types of leukemia has unveiled common leukemia-promoting functions such as stimulation of bone marrow neoangiogenesis, maintenance of leukemia stem cells and chemoresistance. However, genetic studies are revealing that a definition of HIF factors as bona fide tumor promoters is overly simplistic, and, depending on the leukemia subtype, the specific oncogenic event, or the stage of leukemia development, activation of hypoxia-inducible genes may lead to opposite consequences. With this article we will provide an updated summary of the studies describing the regulation and function of HIF1α and HIF2α in blood malignancies, spanning from acute to chronic, lymphoid to myeloid leukemias. In discussing these data, we will attempt to provide plausible explanations to contradictory findings and point at what we believe are areas of weakness in which further investigations are urgently needed. Gaining additional knowledge into the role of hypoxia signaling in leukemia appears especially timely nowadays, as new inhibitors of HIF factors are entering the clinical arena for specific types of solid tumors but their utility for patients with leukemia is yet to be determined.
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17
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Zhou JF, Xiong Y, Kang X, Pan Z, Zhu Q, Goldbrunner R, Stavrinou L, Lin S, Hu W, Zheng F, Stavrinou P. Application of stem cells and exosomes in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage: an update. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:281. [PMID: 35765072 PMCID: PMC9241288 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02965-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage is a highly destructive intracranial disease with high mortality and morbidity rates. The main risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage include hypertension, amyloidosis, vasculitis, drug abuse, coagulation dysfunction, and genetic factors. Clinically, surviving patients with intracerebral hemorrhage exhibit different degrees of neurological deficits after discharge. In recent years, with the development of regenerative medicine, an increasing number of researchers have begun to pay attention to stem cell and exosome therapy as a new method for the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage, owing to their intrinsic potential in neuroprotection and neurorestoration. Many animal studies have shown that stem cells can directly or indirectly participate in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage through regeneration, differentiation, or secretion. However, considering the uncertainty of its safety and efficacy, clinical studies are still lacking. This article reviews the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage using stem cells and exosomes from both preclinical and clinical studies and summarizes the possible mechanisms of stem cell therapy. This review aims to provide a reference for future research and new strategies for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaodong Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Zhigang Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Qiangbin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hui'an County Hospital of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Roland Goldbrunner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Center for Neurosurgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lampis Stavrinou
- 2nd Department of Neurosurgery, Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China. .,Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Weipeng Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
| | - Feng Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
| | - Pantelis Stavrinou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Center for Neurosurgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Neurosurgery, Metropolitan Hospital, Athens, Greece
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18
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Fang L, Mei J, Yao B, Liu J, Liu P, Wang X, Zhou J, Lin Z. Hypoxia facilitates proliferation of smooth muscle cells derived from pluripotent stem cells for vascular tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 16:744-756. [PMID: 35633489 DOI: 10.1002/term.3324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) show significant therapeutic potential for replacing diseased blood vessels. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) via embryoid body (EB)-based differentiation, are promising seed cells to construct TEBVs. However, obtaining sufficient high-quality hiPSC-VSMCs remains challenging. Stem cells are located in a niche characterized by hypoxia. Hence, we explored molecular and cellular functions at different induction stages from the EB formation commencement to the end of directed differentiation under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, respectively. Hypoxia enhanced the formation, adhesion and amplification rates of EBs. During directed differentiation, hiPSC-VSMCs exhibited increased cell viability under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, seeding hypoxia-pretreated cells on biodegradable scaffolds, facilitated collagen I and elastin secretion, which has significant application value for TEBV development. Hence, we proposed that hypoxic treatment during differentiation effectively induces proliferative hiPSC-VSMCs, expanding high-quality seed cell sources for TEBV construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Fang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyi Mei
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, China.,School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Boqian Yao
- Songshan Lake Central Hospital of Dongguan City, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guanzhou, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, China.,School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xichun Wang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanyi Lin
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Ji Hua Institute of Biomedical Engineering Technology, Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, Guangdong, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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19
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Chabaud S, Pellerin È, Caneparo C, Ringuette‑goulet C, Pouliot F, Bolduc S. Bladder cancer cell lines adapt their aggressiveness profile to oxygen tension. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:220. [PMID: 35720486 PMCID: PMC9178683 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During the process of tumor growth, cancer cells will be subjected to intermittent hypoxia. This results from the delay in the development of the vascular network in relation to the proliferation of cancer cells. The hypoxic nature of a tumor has been demonstrated as a negative factor for patient survival. To evaluate the impact of hypoxia on the survival and migration properties of low and high-grade bladder cancer cell lines, two low-grade (MGHU-3 and SW-780) and two high-grade (SW-1710 and T24) bladder cancer cell lines were cultured in normoxic (20% O2) or hypoxic atmospheric conditions (2% O2). The response of bladder cancer cell lines to hypoxic atmospheric cell culture conditions was examined under several parameters, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, doubling time and metabolic activities, thrombospondin-1 expression, whole Matrix Metallo-Proteinase activity, migration and resistance to oxidative stress. The low-grade cell line response to hypoxia was heterogeneous even if it tended to adopt a more aggressive profile. Hypoxia enhanced migration and pro-survival properties of MGHU-3 cells, whereas these features were reduced for the SW-780 cell line cultured under low oxygen tension. The responses of tested high-grade cell lines were more homogeneous and tended to adopt a less aggressive profile. Hypoxia drastically changed some of the bladder cancer cell line properties, for example matrix metalloproteinases expression for all cancer cells but also switch in glycolytic metabolism of low grade cancer cells. Overall, studying bladder cancer cells in hypoxic environments are relevant for the translation from in vitro findings to in vivo context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Chabaud
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale (Experimental Organogenesis Research Center)/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec‑Laval University Research Center, Enfant‑Jésus Hospital, Quebec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ève Pellerin
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale (Experimental Organogenesis Research Center)/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec‑Laval University Research Center, Enfant‑Jésus Hospital, Quebec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Christophe Caneparo
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale (Experimental Organogenesis Research Center)/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec‑Laval University Research Center, Enfant‑Jésus Hospital, Quebec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Cassandra Ringuette‑goulet
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale (Experimental Organogenesis Research Center)/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec‑Laval University Research Center, Enfant‑Jésus Hospital, Quebec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
| | - Frédéric Pouliot
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale (Experimental Organogenesis Research Center)/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Division, CHU de Québec‑Laval University Research Center, Enfant‑Jésus Hospital, Quebec, QC G1J 1Z4, Canada
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20
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Knežić T, Janjušević L, Djisalov M, Yodmuang S, Gadjanski I. Using Vertebrate Stem and Progenitor Cells for Cellular Agriculture, State-of-the-Art, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Biomolecules 2022; 12:699. [PMID: 35625626 PMCID: PMC9138761 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Global food systems are under significant pressure to provide enough food, particularly protein-rich foods whose demand is on the rise in times of crisis and inflation, as presently existing due to post-COVID-19 pandemic effects and ongoing conflict in Ukraine and resulting in looming food insecurity, according to FAO. Cultivated meat (CM) and cultivated seafood (CS) are protein-rich alternatives for traditional meat and fish that are obtained via cellular agriculture (CA) i.e., tissue engineering for food applications. Stem and progenitor cells are the building blocks and starting point for any CA bioprocess. This review presents CA-relevant vertebrate cell types and procedures needed for their myogenic and adipogenic differentiation since muscle and fat tissue are the primary target tissues for CM/CS production. The review also describes existing challenges, such as a need for immortalized cell lines, or physical and biochemical parameters needed for enhanced meat/fat culture efficiency and ways to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Knežić
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Ljiljana Janjušević
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Mila Djisalov
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Supansa Yodmuang
- Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama 4 Rd, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Ivana Gadjanski
- Center for Biosystems, BioSense Institute, University of Novi Sad, Dr. Zorana Djindjica 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (T.K.); (L.J.); (M.D.)
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21
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Regulatory Crosstalk between Physiological Low O 2 Concentration and Notch Pathway in Early Erythropoiesis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040540. [PMID: 35454129 PMCID: PMC9028139 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological low oxygen (O2) concentration (<5%) favors erythroid development ex vivo. It is known that low O2 concentration, via the stabilization of hypoxia-induced transcription factors (HIFs), intervenes with Notch signaling in the control of cell fate. In addition, Notch activation is implicated in the regulation of erythroid differentiation. We test here if the favorable effects of a physiological O2 concentration (3%) on the amplification of erythroid progenitors implies a cooperation between HIFs and the Notch pathway. To this end, we utilized a model of early erythropoiesis ex vivo generated from cord blood CD34+ cells transduced with shHIF1α and shHIF2α at 3% O2 and 20% O2 in the presence or absence of the Notch pathway inhibitor. We observed that Notch signalization was activated by Notch2R−Jagged1 ligand interaction among progenitors. The inhibition of the Notch pathway provoked a modest reduction in erythroid cell expansion and promoted erythroid differentiation. ShHIF1α and particularly shHIF2α strongly impaired erythroid progenitors’ amplification and differentiation. Additionally, HIF/NOTCH signaling intersects at the level of multipotent progenitor erythroid commitment and amplification of BFU-E. In that, both HIFs contribute to the expression of Notch2R and Notch target gene HES1. Our study shows that HIF, particularly HIF2, has a determining role in the early erythroid development program, which includes Notch signaling.
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22
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Marchus CR, Knudson JA, Morrison AE, Strawn IK, Hartman AJ, Shrestha D, Pancheri NM, Glasgow I, Schiele NR. Low-cost, open-source cell culture chamber for regulating physiologic oxygen levels. HARDWAREX 2022; 11:e00253. [PMID: 35509920 PMCID: PMC9058583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2021.e00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The physiological oxygen levels for several mammalian cell types in vivo are considered to be hypoxic (low oxygen tension), but the vast majority of in vitro mammalian cell culture is conducted at atmospheric oxygen levels of around 21%. In order to understand the impact of low oxygen environments on cells, oxygen levels need to be regulated during in vitro culture. Two common methods for simulating a hypoxic environment are through the regulation of gas composition or chemical induction. Chemically mimicking hypoxia can have adverse effects such as reducing cell viability, making oxygen regulation in cell culture chambers crucial for long-term culture. However, oxygen-regulating cell culture incubators and commercial hypoxia chambers may not always be a viable option due to cost and limited customization. Other low-cost chambers have been developed, but they tend to lack control systems or are fairly small scale. Thus, the objective of this project was to design and develop a low-cost, open-source, controllable, and reproducible hypoxia chamber that can fit inside a standard cell culture incubator. This design allows for the control of O2 between 1 and 21%, while maintaining CO2 levels at 5%, as well as monitoring of temperature, pressure, and relative humidity. Testing showed our hypoxia chamber was able to maintain CO2 levels at 5% and hypoxic O2 levels at 1% and 5% for long-term cell culture. This simple and easy-to-manufacture design uses off the shelf components, and the total material cost was $832.47 (USD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin R.N. Marchus
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Jacob A. Knudson
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Alexandra E. Morrison
- University of Idaho, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Isabell K. Strawn
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Andrew J. Hartman
- University of Idaho, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Dev Shrestha
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Nicholas M. Pancheri
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Ian Glasgow
- University of Idaho, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
| | - Nathan R. Schiele
- University of Idaho, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Moscow, ID, United States
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Enukashvily NI, Semenova N, Chubar AV, Ostromyshenskii DI, Gushcha EA, Gritsaev S, Bessmeltsev SS, Rugal VI, Prikhodko EM, Kostroma I, Zherniakova A, Kotova AV, Belik LA, Shumeev A, Maslennikova II, Ivolgin DI. Pericentromeric Non-Coding DNA Transcription Is Associated with Niche Impairment in Patients with Ineffective or Partially Effective Multiple Myeloma Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063359. [PMID: 35328779 PMCID: PMC8951104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) ‘educated’ by tumor cells are an essential component of the multiple myeloma (MM) tumor microenvironment (TME) involved in tumor progression. Transcription of tandemly repeated (TR) non-coding DNA is often activated in many tumors and is required for tumor progression and cancer cells genome reorganization. The aim of the work was to study functional properties including the TR DNA transcription profile of MSC from the hematopoietic niche of treated MM patients. Healthy donors (HD) and patients after bortezomib-based treatment (with partial or complete response, PoCR, and non-responders, NR) were enrolled in the study. Their trephine biopsies were examined histologically to evaluate the hematopoietic niche. MSC cultures obtained from the biopsies were used for evaluation of the proliferation rate, osteogenic differentiation, presence of tumor MSC markers, resistance to bortezomib, and pericentromeric TR DNA transcription level. The MSC ‘education’ by multiple myeloma cells was mimicked in co-culture experiments with or without bortezomib. The TR DNA transcription profile was accessed. The histological examination revealed the persistence of the tumor microenvironment (especially of the vasculature) in treated patients. In co-culture experiments, MSC of bortezomib-treated patients were more resistant to bortezomib and protected cancer MM cells of the RPMI8226 cell line more effectively than HD-MSC did. The MSC obtained from PoCR and NR samples differed in their functional properties (proliferation capacity, osteogenic potential, and cancer-associated fibroblasts markers). Transcriptome analysis revealed activation of the TR transcription in cells of non-hematopoietic origin from NR patients’ bone marrow. The pericentromeric TR DNA of HS2/HS3 families was among the most upregulated in stromal MSC but not in cancer cells. The highest level of transcription was observed in NR-MSC. Transcription of HS2/HS3 was not detected in healthy donors MSC unless they were co-cultured with MM cancer cells and acquired cancer-associated phenotype. Treatment with TNFα downregulated HS2/HS3 transcription in MSC and upregulated in MM cells. Our results suggest that the hematopoietic niche retains the cancer-associated phenotype after treatment. Pericentromeric non-coding DNA transcription is associated with the MSC cancer-associated phenotype in patients with ineffective or partially effective multiple myeloma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natella I. Enukashvily
- Lab of the Non-Coding DNA Studies, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.C.); (D.I.O.); (E.A.G.); (A.V.K.); (L.A.B.)
- Cell Technologies Lab, North-Western State Medical University Named after I.I. Mechnikov, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.I.M.); (D.I.I.)
- Correspondence: (N.I.E.); (N.S.)
| | - Natalia Semenova
- Clinical Department, Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology FMBA of Russia, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia; (S.G.); (S.S.B.); (V.I.R.); (I.K.); (A.Z.)
- Correspondence: (N.I.E.); (N.S.)
| | - Anna V. Chubar
- Lab of the Non-Coding DNA Studies, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.C.); (D.I.O.); (E.A.G.); (A.V.K.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Dmitry I. Ostromyshenskii
- Lab of the Non-Coding DNA Studies, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.C.); (D.I.O.); (E.A.G.); (A.V.K.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Gushcha
- Lab of the Non-Coding DNA Studies, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.C.); (D.I.O.); (E.A.G.); (A.V.K.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Sergei Gritsaev
- Clinical Department, Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology FMBA of Russia, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia; (S.G.); (S.S.B.); (V.I.R.); (I.K.); (A.Z.)
| | - Stanislav S. Bessmeltsev
- Clinical Department, Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology FMBA of Russia, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia; (S.G.); (S.S.B.); (V.I.R.); (I.K.); (A.Z.)
| | - Viktor I. Rugal
- Clinical Department, Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology FMBA of Russia, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia; (S.G.); (S.S.B.); (V.I.R.); (I.K.); (A.Z.)
| | - Egor M. Prikhodko
- Pokrovsky Stem Cell Bank, LLC, 199106 St. Petersburg, Russia; (E.M.P.); (A.S.)
- Faculty of Clinical Propaedeutics, North-Western State Medical University Named after I.I. Mechnikov, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan Kostroma
- Clinical Department, Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology FMBA of Russia, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia; (S.G.); (S.S.B.); (V.I.R.); (I.K.); (A.Z.)
| | - Anastasia Zherniakova
- Clinical Department, Russian Research Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology FMBA of Russia, 191024 St. Petersburg, Russia; (S.G.); (S.S.B.); (V.I.R.); (I.K.); (A.Z.)
| | - Anastasia V. Kotova
- Lab of the Non-Coding DNA Studies, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.C.); (D.I.O.); (E.A.G.); (A.V.K.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Liubov A. Belik
- Lab of the Non-Coding DNA Studies, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.C.); (D.I.O.); (E.A.G.); (A.V.K.); (L.A.B.)
| | - Alexander Shumeev
- Pokrovsky Stem Cell Bank, LLC, 199106 St. Petersburg, Russia; (E.M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Irina I. Maslennikova
- Cell Technologies Lab, North-Western State Medical University Named after I.I. Mechnikov, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.I.M.); (D.I.I.)
- Pokrovsky Stem Cell Bank, LLC, 199106 St. Petersburg, Russia; (E.M.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Dmitry I. Ivolgin
- Cell Technologies Lab, North-Western State Medical University Named after I.I. Mechnikov, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russia; (I.I.M.); (D.I.I.)
- Pokrovsky Stem Cell Bank, LLC, 199106 St. Petersburg, Russia; (E.M.P.); (A.S.)
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Bioengineering Outlook on Cultivated Meat Production. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13030402. [PMID: 35334693 PMCID: PMC8950996 DOI: 10.3390/mi13030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cultured meat (also referred to as cultivated meat or cell-based meat)—CM—is fabricated through the process of cellular agriculture (CA), which entails application of bioengineering, i.e., tissue engineering (TE) principles to the production of food. The main TE principles include usage of cells, grown in a controlled environment provided by bioreactors and cultivation media supplemented with growth factors and other needed nutrients and signaling molecules, and seeded onto the immobilization elements—microcarriers and scaffolds that provide the adhesion surfaces necessary for anchor-dependent cells and offer 3D organization for multiple cell types. Theoretically, many solutions from regenerative medicine and biomedical engineering can be applied in CM-TE, i.e., CA. However, in practice, there are a number of specificities regarding fabrication of a CM product that needs to fulfill not only the majority of functional criteria of muscle and fat TE, but also has to possess the sensory and nutritional qualities of a traditional food component, i.e., the meat it aims to replace. This is the reason that bioengineering aimed at CM production needs to be regarded as a specific scientific discipline of a multidisciplinary nature, integrating principles from biomedical engineering as well as from food manufacturing, design and development, i.e., food engineering. An important requirement is also the need to use as little as possible of animal-derived components in the whole CM bioprocess. In this review, we aim to present the current knowledge on different bioengineering aspects, pertinent to different current scientific disciplines but all relevant for CM engineering, relevant for muscle TE, including different cell sources, bioreactor types, media requirements, bioprocess monitoring and kinetics and their modifications for use in CA, all in view of their potential for efficient CM bioprocess scale-up. We believe such a review will offer a good overview of different bioengineering strategies for CM production and will be useful to a range of interested stakeholders, from students just entering the CA field to experienced researchers looking for the latest innovations in the field.
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Pattappa G, Reischl F, Jahns J, Schewior R, Lang S, Zellner J, Johnstone B, Docheva D, Angele P. Fibronectin Adherent Cell Populations Derived From Avascular and Vascular Regions of the Meniscus Have Enhanced Clonogenicity and Differentiation Potential Under Physioxia. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:789621. [PMID: 35155405 PMCID: PMC8831898 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.789621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The meniscus is composed of an avascular inner region and vascular outer region. The vascular region has been shown to contain a progenitor population with multilineage differentiation capacity. Strategies facilitating the isolation and propagation of these progenitors can be used to develop cell-based meniscal therapies. Differential adhesion to fibronectin has been used to isolate progenitor populations from cartilage, while low oxygen or physioxia (2% oxygen) enhances the meniscal phenotype. This study aimed to isolate progenitor populations from the avascular and vascular meniscus using differential fibronectin adherence and examine their clonogenicity and differentiation potential under hyperoxia (20% oxygen) and physioxia (2% oxygen). Human vascular and avascular meniscus cells were seeded onto fibronectin-coated dishes for a short period and monitored for colony formation under either hyperoxia or physioxia. Non-fibronectin adherent meniscus cells were also expanded under both oxygen tension. Individual fibronectin adherent colonies were isolated and further expanded, until approximately ten population doublings (passage 3), whereby they underwent chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. Physioxia enhances clonogenicity of vascular and avascular meniscus cells on plastic or fibronectin-coated plates. Combined differential fibronectin adhesion and physioxia isolated a progenitor population from both meniscus regions with trilineage differentiation potential compared to equivalent hyperoxia progenitors. Physioxia isolated progenitors had a significantly enhanced meniscus matrix content without the presence of collagen X. These results demonstrate that combined physioxia and fibronectin adherence can isolate and propagate a meniscus progenitor population that can potentially be used to treat meniscal tears or defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish Pattappa
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Girish Pattappa,
| | - Franziska Reischl
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Judith Jahns
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ruth Schewior
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Siegmund Lang
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Zellner
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
- Sporthopaedicum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Brian Johnstone
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Denitsa Docheva
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration, Orthopaedic Hospital König-Ludwig-Haus, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Angele
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
- Sporthopaedicum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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26
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Guo F, Zhang S. Hypoxia inducible factor and diffuse white matter injury in the premature brain: perspectives from genetic studies in mice. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:105-107. [PMID: 34100442 PMCID: PMC8451551 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.314301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fuzheng Guo
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, the University of California, Davis; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, the University of California, Davis; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospitals for Children, Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
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27
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Ryan AR, Cleaver O. Plumbing our organs: Lessons from vascular development to instruct lab generated tissues. Curr Top Dev Biol 2022; 148:165-194. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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28
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Hypoxia-Induced miR-210 Overexpression Promotes the Differentiation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Hepatocyte-Like Cells on Random Nanofiber Poly-L-Lactic Acid/Poly ( ε-Caprolactone) Scaffolds. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4229721. [PMID: 34858546 PMCID: PMC8630456 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4229721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An alternative treatment to liver transplantation includes the use of differentiated stem cells. Hypoxia has been shown to endow human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) with enhanced hepatic differentiation. We have investigated a new strategy for hepatocyte differentiation from hiPSCs using a three-step differentiation protocol with lentiviral overexpression of hypoxia-microRNA-210 of cells grown on a hybrid scaffold. We analyzed the transduction of the miR-210 lentiviral and definitive endoderm and pluripotency gene markers, including SRY-box 17 (SOX17), forkhead box A2 (FOXA2), and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4) by Real-Time PCR and fluorescent microscope. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examined the 3D cell morphological changes. Immunocytochemistry staining was used together with assays for aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and urea secretion to analyze hepatocyte biomarkers and functional markers consisting of α-fetoprotein (AFP), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake, fat accumulation, and glycogen. The flow cytometry analyzed the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Compared to cells transfected with the blank lentiviral vectors as a control, overexpressing miR-210 was at higher levels in hiPSCs. The expression of endodermal genes and glycogen synthesis significantly increased in the differentiated lentiviral miR-210 cells without any differences regarding lipid storage level. Additionally, cells containing miR-210 showed a greater expression of ALB, LDL, AST, ALT, urea, and insignificant lower AFP and ROS levels after 18 days. However, SEM showed no significant differences between cells under the differentiation process and controls. In conclusion, the differentiation of hiPSCs to hepatocyte-like cells under hypoxia miR-210 may be a suitable method for cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
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29
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Afshari R, Akhavan O, Hamblin MR, Varma RS. Review of Oxygenation with Nanobubbles: Possible Treatment for Hypoxic COVID-19 Patients. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2021; 4:11386-11412. [PMID: 37556289 PMCID: PMC8565459 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.1c01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, which has spread around the world, caused the death of many affected patients, partly because of the lack of oxygen arising from impaired respiration or blood circulation. Thus, maintaining an appropriate level of oxygen in the patients' blood by devising alternatives to ventilator systems is a top priority goal for clinicians. The present review highlights the ever-increasing application of nanobubbles (NBs), miniature gaseous vesicles, for the oxygenation of hypoxic patients. Oxygen-containing NBs can exert a range of beneficial physiologic and pharmacologic effects that include tissue oxygenation, as well as tissue repair mechanisms, antiinflammatory properties, and antibacterial activity. In this review, we provide a comprehensive survey of the application of oxygen-containing NBs, with a primary focus on the development of intravenous platforms. The multimodal functions of oxygen-carrying NBs, including antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, drug carrying, and the promotion of wound healing are discussed, including the benefits and challenges of using NBs as a treatment for patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, particularly due to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronak Afshari
- Department of Physics, Sharif University
of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran 14588-89694,
Iran
| | - Omid Akhavan
- Department of Physics, Sharif University
of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-9161, Tehran 14588-89694,
Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science,
University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South
Africa
| | - Rajender S. Varma
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials,
Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky
University, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc 78371, Czech
Republic
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30
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Kotova AV, Lobov AA, Dombrovskaya JA, Sannikova VY, Ryumina NA, Klausen P, Shavarda AL, Malashicheva AB, Enukashvily NI. Comparative Analysis of Dental Pulp and Periodontal Stem Cells: Differences in Morphology, Functionality, Osteogenic Differentiation and Proteome. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1606. [PMID: 34829835 PMCID: PMC8616025 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental stem cells are heterogeneous in their properties. Despite their common origin from neural crest stem cells, they have different functional capacities and biological functions due to niche influence. In this study, we assessed the differences between dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC) in their pluripotency and neuroepithelial markers transcription, morphological and functional features, osteoblast/odontoblast differentiation and proteomic profile during osteogenic differentiation. The data were collected in paired observations: two cell cultures, DPSC and PDLSC, were obtained from each donor. Both populations had the mesenchymal stem cells surface marker set exposed on their membranes but differed in Nestin (a marker of neuroectodermal origin) expression, morphology, and proliferation rate. OCT4 mRNA was revealed in DPSC and PDLSC, while OCT4 protein was present in the nuclei of DPSC only. However, transcription of OCT4 mRNA was 1000-10,000-fold lower in dental stem cells than in blastocysts. DPSC proliferated at a slower rate and have a shape closer to polygonal but they responded better to osteogenic stimuli as compared to PDLSC. RUNX2 mRNA was detected by qPCR in both types of dental stem cells but RUNX2 protein was detected by LC-MS/MS shotgun proteomics only in PDLSC suggesting the posttranscriptional regulation. DSPP and DMP1, marker genes of odontoblastic type of osteogenic differentiation, were transcribed in DPSC but not in PDLSC samples. Our results prove that DPSC and PDLSC are different in their biology and therapeutic potential: DPSC are a good candidate for osteogenic or odontogenic bone-replacement cell-seeded medicines, while fast proliferating PDLSC are a prospective candidate for other cell products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia V. Kotova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.K.); (A.A.L.); (V.Y.S.); (P.K.); (A.B.M.)
- Cell Technologies Laboratory, General Dentistry Department, North-Western State Medical University, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Arseniy A. Lobov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.K.); (A.A.L.); (V.Y.S.); (P.K.); (A.B.M.)
| | - Julia A. Dombrovskaya
- Cell Technologies Laboratory, General Dentistry Department, North-Western State Medical University, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Valentina Y. Sannikova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.K.); (A.A.L.); (V.Y.S.); (P.K.); (A.B.M.)
| | | | - Polina Klausen
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.K.); (A.A.L.); (V.Y.S.); (P.K.); (A.B.M.)
| | - Alexey L. Shavarda
- Research Resource Center Molecular and Cell Technologies, Saint-Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Anna B. Malashicheva
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.K.); (A.A.L.); (V.Y.S.); (P.K.); (A.B.M.)
| | - Natella I. Enukashvily
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (A.V.K.); (A.A.L.); (V.Y.S.); (P.K.); (A.B.M.)
- Cell Technologies Laboratory, General Dentistry Department, North-Western State Medical University, 191015 St. Petersburg, Russia;
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The Effect of Oxygen and Micronutrient Composition of Cell Growth Media on Cancer Cell Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Networks. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081177. [PMID: 34439843 PMCID: PMC8391631 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell culture is routinely performed under superphysiologic O2 levels and in media such as Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) with nutrient composition dissimilar to mammalian extracellular fluid. Recently developed cell culture media (e.g., Plasmax, Human Plasma-Like Medium (HPLM)), which are modeled on the metabolite composition of human blood plasma, have been shown to shift key cellular activities in several cancer cell lines. Similar effects have been reported with respect to O2 levels in cell culture. Given these observations, we investigated how media composition and O2 levels affect cellular energy metabolism and mitochondria network structure in MCF7, SaOS2, LNCaP, and Huh7 cells. Cells were cultured in physiologic (5%) or standard (18%) O2 levels, and in physiologic (Plasmax) or standard cell culture media (DMEM). We show that both O2 levels and media composition significantly affect mitochondrial abundance and network structure, concomitantly with changes in cellular bioenergetics. Extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), a proxy for glycolytic activity, was generally higher in cells cultured in DMEM while oxygen consumption rates (OCR) were lower. This effect of media on energy metabolism is an important consideration for the study of cancer drugs that target aspects of energy metabolism, including lactate dehydrogenase activity.
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32
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Wong KU, Zhang A, Akhavan B, Bilek MM, Yeo GC. Biomimetic Culture Strategies for the Clinical Expansion of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021. [PMID: 33599471 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) typically require significant ex vivo expansion to achieve the high cell numbers required for research and clinical applications. However, conventional MSC culture on planar (2D) plastic surfaces has been shown to induce MSC senescence and decrease cell functionality over long-term proliferation, and usually, it has a high labor requirement, a high usage of reagents, and therefore, a high cost. In this Review, we describe current MSC-based therapeutic strategies and outline the important factors that need to be considered when developing next-generation cell expansion platforms. To retain the functional value of expanded MSCs, ex vivo culture systems should ideally recapitulate the components of the native stem cell microenvironment, which include soluble cues, resident cells, and the extracellular matrix substrate. We review the interplay between these stem cell niche components and their biological roles in governing MSC phenotype and functionality. We discuss current biomimetic strategies of incorporating biochemical and biophysical cues in MSC culture platforms to grow clinically relevant cell numbers while preserving cell potency and stemness. This Review summarizes the current state of MSC expansion technologies and the challenges that still need to be overcome for MSC clinical applications to be feasible and sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Un Wong
- Charles Perkins Center, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Anyu Zhang
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Behnam Akhavan
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Marcela M Bilek
- Charles Perkins Center, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Giselle C Yeo
- Charles Perkins Center, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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33
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Abstract
Oxygen concentration varies tremendously within the body and has proven to be a critical variable in cell differentiation, proliferation, and drug metabolism among many other physiological processes. Currently, researchers study the gas's role in biology using low-throughput gas control incubators or hypoxia chambers in which all cells in a vessel are exposed to a single oxygen concentration. Here, we introduce a device that can simultaneously deliver 12 unique oxygen concentrations to cells in a 96-well plate and seamlessly integrate into biomedical research workflows. The device inserts into 96-well plates and delivers gas to the headspace, thus avoiding undesirable contact with media. This simple approach isolates each well using gas-tight pressure-resistant gaskets effectively creating 96 "mini-incubators". Each of the 12 columns of the plate is supplied by a distinct oxygen concentration from a gas-mixing gradient generator supplied by two feed gases. The wells within each column are then supplied by an equal flow-splitting distribution network. Using equal feed flow rates, concentrations ranging from 0.6 to 20.5% were generated within a single plate. A549 lung carcinoma cells were then used to show that O2 levels below 9% caused a stepwise increase in cell death for cells treated with the hypoxia-activated anticancer drug tirapirizamine (TPZ). Additionally, the 96-well plate was further leveraged to simultaneously test multiple TPZ concentrations over an oxygen gradient and generate a three-dimensional (3D) dose-response landscape. The results presented here show how microfluidic technologies can be integrated into, rather than replace, ubiquitous biomedical labware allowing for increased throughput oxygen studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Szmelter
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 851 South Morgan Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Jason Jacob
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 851 South Morgan Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - David T Eddington
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 851 South Morgan Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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α-Tocopherol Acetate Attenuates Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption and Maintains Primitive Cells within Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Population. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1390-1405. [PMID: 33511517 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10111-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We present here the data showing, in standard cultures exposed to atmospheric O2 concentration, that alpha-tocopherol acetate (α-TOA) has a positive impact on primitive cells inside mesenchymal stromal cell (MstroC) population, by maintaining their proliferative capacity. α-TOA decreases the O2 consumption rate of MStroC probably by impacting respiratory chain complex II activity. This action, however, is not associated with a compensatory increase in glycolysis activity, in spite of the fact that the degradation of HIF-1α was decreased in presence of α-TOA. This is in line with a moderate enhancement of mtROS upon α-TOA treatment. However, the absence of glycolysis stimulation implies the inactivity of HIF-1α which might - if it were active - be related to the maintenance of stemness. It should be stressed that α-TOA might act directly on the gene expression as well as the mtROS themselves, which remains to be elucidated. Alpha-tocopherol acetate (α-TOA), a synthetic vitamin E ester, attenuates electron flow through electron transport chain (ETC) which is probably associated with a moderate increase in mtROS in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. α-TOA action results in enhancement of the proliferative capacity and maintenance of the differentiation potential of the mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells.
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Khoury S, Haj Khalil T, Palzur E, Srouji S. A Multichamber Gas System to Examine the Effect of Multiple Oxygen Conditions on Cell Culture. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:24-34. [PMID: 33353455 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The classic bone tissue engineering model for bone regeneration combines three elements: scaffolds, biomaterials, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Incorporation of MSCs and growth factors into a scaffold implanted into the area of bone injury is a proven strategy to achieve successful bone regeneration as demonstrated in the literature. However, a major limitation of using bone grafts or scaffolds is oxygen (O2) deprivation in the inner sections of the construct, due to lack of adequate vascularization. To address this limitation, we proposed two treatment strategies for MSC-seeded constructs or adipose tissue scaffolds before implantation: (1) O2 enrichment and (2) acclimation to hypoxia. Based on previous studies, the significance of the different O2 concentrations on MSC biological characteristics remains controversial. Therefore, the optimal O2 condition for engineered bone tissues should be determined. Thus, we designed an innovative multichamber gas system aimed to simultaneously assess the effects of different O2 levels on cell culture. This system was assembled using three isolated chambers integrated into a single incubator. To explore the efficacy of our method, we investigated the effect of hyperoxia, normoxia, and hypoxia, (50-60%, 21%, and 5-7.5% O2, respectively) on the biological characteristics of human adipose-derived MSCs: immunophenotyping, adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic, and angiogenic differentiation. Our findings demonstrated that hypoxic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) conditions exhibited significantly lower levels of CD34 (p = 0.014), with significantly higher osteogenic and angiogenic differentiation capacities (p = 0.023 and p = 0.0042, respectively) than normoxia. Conversely, hyperoxia-cultured ASCs demonstrated significantly higher levels of CD73 and CD90 expression than both normoxic ASCs (p = 0.006 and p = 0.025, respectively) and hypoxic ASCs (p = 0.003 and p = 0.003, respectively). In addition, hyperoxic ASCs showed significantly reduced proliferation capacity by day 11 (p = 0.032) and significantly enhanced migration rates after 48 h (p = 0.044). The newly developed controllable multichamber gas system was cost-effective and easy to use. Different assays can be performed concurrently while preserving all other conditions identical, and the use of other ranges of O2 concentrations is feasible and also necessary to determine the ideal O2 concentration. Furthermore, the multichamber gas system has the potential for wide application, including other cell cultures, grafts, or scaffolds for in vitro and in vivo experimentation. This study was approved by the Galilee Medical Center Helsinki Committee (No. 0009-19-NHR). Impact statement The introduced multichamber gas system provides a custom-made setup for simultaneous control of three oxygen (O2) levels in a single incubator. The use of our innovative multichamber gas system is essential to determine the ideal O2 levels for engineered tissues by examining multiple O2 concentrations on cells in vitro. The determined ideal O2 concentration will then be used through this system to investigate the engrafted cell survival ex vivo, to ensure successful integration of the engineered tissues and tissue regeneration in vivo. Use of this method may promote a therapeutic tool for a major limitation in tissue engineering due to the problematic O2 insufficiency in tissue scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Khoury
- The Institute for Medical Research, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Tharwat Haj Khalil
- The Institute for Medical Research, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Eilam Palzur
- The Institute for Medical Research, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Samer Srouji
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.,Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine Institute, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
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36
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HIFα Regulates Developmental Myelination Independent of Autocrine Wnt Signaling. J Neurosci 2020; 41:251-268. [PMID: 33208471 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0731-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The developing CNS is exposed to physiological hypoxia, under which hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIFα) is stabilized and plays a crucial role in regulating neural development. The cellular and molecular mechanisms of HIFα in developmental myelination remain incompletely understood. A previous concept proposes that HIFα regulates CNS developmental myelination by activating the autocrine Wnt/β-catenin signaling in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). Here, by analyzing a battery of genetic mice of both sexes, we presented in vivo evidence supporting an alternative understanding of oligodendroglial HIFα-regulated developmental myelination. At the cellular level, we found that HIFα was required for developmental myelination by transiently controlling upstream OPC differentiation but not downstream oligodendrocyte maturation and that HIFα dysregulation in OPCs but not oligodendrocytes disturbed normal developmental myelination. We demonstrated that HIFα played a minor, if any, role in regulating canonical Wnt signaling in the oligodendroglial lineage or in the CNS. At the molecular level, blocking autocrine Wnt signaling did not affect HIFα-regulated OPC differentiation and myelination. We further identified HIFα-Sox9 regulatory axis as an underlying molecular mechanism in HIFα-regulated OPC differentiation. Our findings support a concept shift in our mechanistic understanding of HIFα-regulated CNS myelination from the previous Wnt-dependent view to a Wnt-independent one and unveil a previously unappreciated HIFα-Sox9 pathway in regulating OPC differentiation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Promoting disturbed developmental myelination is a promising option in treating diffuse white matter injury, previously called periventricular leukomalacia, a major form of brain injury affecting premature infants. In the developing CNS, hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIFα) is a key regulator that adapts neural cells to physiological and pathologic hypoxic cues. The role and mechanism of HIFα in oligodendroglial myelination, which is severely disturbed in preterm infants affected with diffuse white matter injury, is incompletely understood. Our findings presented here represent a concept shift in our mechanistic understanding of HIFα-regulated developmental myelination and suggest the potential of intervening with an oligodendroglial HIFα-mediated signaling pathway to mitigate disturbed myelination in premature white matter injury.
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Lech W, Sarnowska A, Kuczynska Z, Dabrowski F, Figiel-Dabrowska A, Domanska-Janik K, Buzanska L, Zychowicz M. Biomimetic microenvironmental preconditioning enhance neuroprotective properties of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from Wharton's Jelly (WJ-MSCs). Sci Rep 2020; 10:16946. [PMID: 33037314 PMCID: PMC7547118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuning stem cells microenvironment in vitro may influence their regenerative properties. In this study Wharton's Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) were encapsulated in 3D hydrogels derived from human fibrin (FB) or platelet lysate (PL) and the oxygen level was adjusted to physiological normoxia (5% O2). The influence of the type of the scaffold and physiological normoxia conditions was tested on the WJ-MSCs' survivability, proliferation, migratory potential, the level of expression of selected trophic factors, cytokines, and neural markers. Encapsulated WJ-MSCs revealed high survivability, stable proliferation rate, and ability to migrate out of the hydrogel and the up-regulated expression of all tested factors, as well as the increased expression of neural differentiation markers. Physiological normoxia stimulated proliferation of encapsulated WJ-MSCs and significantly enhanced their neuronal, but not glial, differentiation. Ex vivo studies with indirect co-culture of organotypic hippocampal slices and cell-hydrogel bio-constructs revealed strong neuroprotective effect of WJ-MSCs against neuronal death in the CA1 region of the rat hippocampus. This effect was potentiated further by FB scaffolds under 5% O2 conditions. Our results indicating significant effect of oxygen and 3D cytoarchitecture suggest the urgent need for further optimization of the microenvironmental conditions to improve therapeutical competence of the WJ-MSCs population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Lech
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.,Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Kuczynska
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Filip Dabrowski
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Starynkiewicza Square 1/3, 02-015, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Figiel-Dabrowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Domanska-Janik
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leonora Buzanska
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Zychowicz
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
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38
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Eyre JJ, Williams RL, Levis HJ. A human retinal microvascular endothelial-pericyte co-culture model to study diabetic retinopathy in vitro. Exp Eye Res 2020; 201:108293. [PMID: 33039459 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This human primary co-culture model using human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hREC) and human retinal pericyte cells (hRP) aims to improve current understanding of the cellular changes occurring in the retinal microvasculature during diabetic retinopathy (DR). Currently, patients often present in clinic with late-stage DR, only when vision becomes impaired. Therefore, new strategies for earlier detection in clinic, combined with novel pharmaceutical and cellular interventions are essential in order to slow or halt the progression of DR from background to sight-threatening stage. This co-culture model can be used as a simple, replicable in vitro tool to discover and assess novel drug therapies and improve fundamental understanding of alterations to cell behaviour in the human retinal microvasculature during DR. hRP and hREC were cultured for up to 21 days in normoxic (20%) or hypoxic (2%) oxygen levels and physiological (5.5 mM) or very high (33 mM) glucose, to maintain a healthy, or induce a diabetic-like phenotype in vitro. Mono- or co-cultured hREC and hRP were seeded 1:1 in healthy (20% oxygen and 5.5 mM glucose) or diabetic-like (2% oxygen and 33 mM glucose) conditions, on either side of untreated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) transwell inserts, and cultured for 21 days. Mono- and co-cultures were analysed for changes in metabolic activity, angiogenic response and junctional protein expression, using immunofluorescence antibody labelling, flow cytometry and multiplex ELISA technology. hRP and hREC were successfully co-cultured, and the glucose and oxygen concentrations selected for the in vitro healthy and diabetic-like conditions were sufficient for cell viability and EC monolayer integrity, with evidence of an angiogenic response in diabetic-like conditions within the 21 day timeframe. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) secretion were all increased, whilst hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF), tissue inhibitor for metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion were all reduced in the in vitro diabetic-like conditions. The secretion profile of co-cultures was different to mono-cultures, highlighting the importance of using co-culture models to collect data more reflective of the close relationship between hRP-hREC in vivo. Previous groups have developed useful co-culture models utilising non-human, immortalised or large vessel-sourced cells to explore changes to the vasculature during hypoxia and/or high glucose insult. In this study the use of human primary, retina-specific microvascular cells, mono- and co-cultured, collected over a longer culture period, has enabled detection of changes that may have been missed in previous models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J Eyre
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course & Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Rachel L Williams
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course & Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Hannah J Levis
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course & Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
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39
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Citeroni MR, Ciardulli MC, Russo V, Della Porta G, Mauro A, El Khatib M, Di Mattia M, Galesso D, Barbera C, Forsyth NR, Maffulli N, Barboni B. In Vitro Innovation of Tendon Tissue Engineering Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6726. [PMID: 32937830 PMCID: PMC7555358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy is the term used to refer to tendon disorders. Spontaneous adult tendon healing results in scar tissue formation and fibrosis with suboptimal biomechanical properties, often resulting in poor and painful mobility. The biomechanical properties of the tissue are negatively affected. Adult tendons have a limited natural healing capacity, and often respond poorly to current treatments that frequently are focused on exercise, drug delivery, and surgical procedures. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify key molecular and cellular processes involved in the progression of tendinopathies to develop effective therapeutic strategies and drive the tissue toward regeneration. To treat tendon diseases and support tendon regeneration, cell-based therapy as well as tissue engineering approaches are considered options, though none can yet be considered conclusive in their reproduction of a safe and successful long-term solution for full microarchitecture and biomechanical tissue recovery. In vitro differentiation techniques are not yet fully validated. This review aims to compare different available tendon in vitro differentiation strategies to clarify the state of art regarding the differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Citeroni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy; (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.); (N.M.)
| | - Valentina Russo
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy; (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.); (N.M.)
- Interdepartment Centre BIONAM, Università di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo I, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Mohammad El Khatib
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Miriam Di Mattia
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Devis Galesso
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme (PD), Italy; (D.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Carlo Barbera
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme (PD), Italy; (D.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Nicholas R. Forsyth
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent ST4 7QB, UK;
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy; (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.); (N.M.)
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
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40
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Shin DY, Huang X, Gil CH, Aljoufi A, Ropa J, Broxmeyer HE. Physioxia enhances T-cell development ex vivo from human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Stem Cells 2020; 38:1454-1466. [PMID: 32761664 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Understanding physiologic T-cell development from hematopoietic stem (HSCs) and progenitor cells (HPCs) is essential for development of improved hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and emerging T-cell therapies. Factors in the thymic niche, including Notch 1 receptor ligand, guide HSCs and HPCs through T-cell development in vitro. We report that physiologically relevant oxygen concentration (5% O2 , physioxia), an important environmental thymic factor, promotes differentiation of cord blood CD34+ cells into progenitor T (proT) cells in serum-free and feeder-free culture system. This effect is enhanced by a potent reducing and antioxidant agent, ascorbic acid. Human CD34+ cell-derived proT cells in suspension cultures maturate into CD3+ T cells in an artificial thymic organoid (ATO) culture system more efficiently when maintained under physioxia, compared to ambient air. Low oxygen tension acts as a positive regulator of HSC commitment and HPC differentiation toward proT cells in the feeder-free culture system and for further maturation into T cells in the ATO. Culturing HSCs/HPCs in physioxia is an enhanced method of effective progenitor T and mature T-cell production ex vivo and may be of future use for HCT and T-cell immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yeop Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Xinxin Huang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Hyun Gil
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Arafat Aljoufi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - James Ropa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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41
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Schmitz C, Pepelanova I, Seliktar D, Potekhina E, Belousov VV, Scheper T, Lavrentieva A. Live reporting for hypoxia: Hypoxia sensor-modified mesenchymal stem cells as in vitro reporters. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:3265-3276. [PMID: 32667700 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Natural oxygen gradients occur in tissues of biological organisms and also in the context of three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cultivation. Oxygen diffusion limitation and metabolic oxygen consumption by embedded cells produce areas of hypoxia in the tissue/matrix. However, reliable systems to detect oxygen gradients and cellular response to hypoxia in 3D cell culture systems are still missing. In this study, we developed a system for visualization of oxygen gradients in 3D using human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) modified to stably express a fluorescent genetically engineered hypoxia sensor HRE-dUnaG. Modified cells retained their stem cell characteristics in terms of proliferation and differentiation capacity. The hypoxia-reporter cells were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry under variable oxygen levels (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% O2 ). We demonstrated that reporter hAD-MSCs output is sensitive to different oxygen levels and displays fast decay kinetics after reoxygenation. Additionally, the reporter cells were encapsulated in bulk hydrogels with a variable cell number, to investigate the sensor response in model 3D cell culture applications. The use of hypoxia-reporting cells based on MSCs represents a valuable tool for approaching the genuine in vivo cellular microenvironment and will allow a better understanding of the regenerative potential of AD-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Schmitz
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Iliyana Pepelanova
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dror Seliktar
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Thomas Scheper
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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42
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Zhuang X, Pedroza-Pacheco I, Nawroth I, Kliszczak AE, Magri A, Paes W, Rubio CO, Yang H, Ashcroft M, Mole D, Balfe P, Borrow P, McKeating JA. Hypoxic microenvironment shapes HIV-1 replication and latency. Commun Biol 2020; 3:376. [PMID: 32665623 PMCID: PMC7360605 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-1103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral replication is defined by the cellular microenvironment and one key factor is local oxygen tension, where hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) regulate the cellular response to oxygen. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected cells within secondary lymphoid tissues exist in a low-oxygen or hypoxic environment in vivo. However, the majority of studies on HIV replication and latency are performed under laboratory conditions where HIFs are inactive. We show a role for HIF-2α in restricting HIV transcription via direct binding to the viral promoter. Hypoxia reduced tumor necrosis factor or histone deacetylase inhibitor, Romidepsin, mediated reactivation of HIV and inhibiting HIF signaling-pathways reversed this phenotype. Our data support a model where the low-oxygen environment of the lymph node may suppress HIV replication and promote latency. We identify a mechanism that may contribute to the limited efficacy of latency reversing agents in reactivating HIV and suggest new strategies to control latent HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhuang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | | | - Isabel Nawroth
- Institute of Immunity and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Anna E Kliszczak
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Andrea Magri
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Wayne Paes
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | | | - Hongbing Yang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Margaret Ashcroft
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - David Mole
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Peter Balfe
- Institute of Immunity and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Persephone Borrow
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Jane A McKeating
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
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43
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Peniche Silva CJ, Liebsch G, Meier RJ, Gutbrod MS, Balmayor ER, van Griensven M. A New Non-invasive Technique for Measuring 3D-Oxygen Gradients in Wells During Mammalian Cell Culture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:595. [PMID: 32626696 PMCID: PMC7313265 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen tension plays an important role in overall cell function and fate, regulating gene expression, and cell differentiation. Although there is extensive literature available that supports the previous statement, little information is to be found about accurate O2 measurements during culture. In fact, O2 concentration at the cell layer during culture is commonly assumed to be equal to that of the incubator atmosphere. This assumption does not consider oxygen diffusion properties, cell type, cell density, media composition, time in culture nor height of the cell culture medium column. In this study, we developed a non-invasive, optical sensor foil-based technique suitable for measuring the 3D oxygen gradient that is formed during cell culture as a result of normal cell respiration. For this propose, we created a 3D printed ramp to which surface an oxygen optode sensor foil was attached. The ramps were positioned inside the culture wells of 24 well plate prior cell seeding. This set up in conjunction with the VisiSens TD camera system allows to investigate the oxygen gradient formation during culture. Cultivation was performed with three different initial cell densities of the cell line A549 that were seeded on the plate containing the ramps with the oxygen sensors. The O2 gradient obtained after 96 h of culture showed significantly lower O2 concentrations closer to the bottom of the well in high cell density cultures compared to that of lower cell density cultures. Furthermore, it was very interesting to observe that even with low cell density culture, oxygen concentration near the cell layer was lower than that of the incubator atmosphere. The obtained oxygen gradient after 96 h was used to calculate the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of the A549 cells, and the obtained value of ~100 fmol/h/cell matches the OCR value already reported in the literature for this cell line. Moreover, we found our set up to be unique in its ability to measure oxygen gradient formation in several wells of a cell culture plate simultaneously and in a non-invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J. Peniche Silva
- cBITE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth R. Balmayor
- IBE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Martijn van Griensven
- cBITE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Vlaski-Lafarge M, Labat V, Brandy A, Refeyton A, Duchez P, Rodriguez L, Gibson N, Brunet de la Grange P, Ivanovic Z. Normal Hematopoetic Stem and Progenitor Cells Can Exhibit Metabolic Flexibility Similar to Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:713. [PMID: 32528878 PMCID: PMC7247845 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that cancer stem cells (CSCs) with the largest proliferative capacity survive the anoxic and/or ischemic conditions present inside tumorous tissue. In this study we test whether normal stem cells can survive under the same conditions due to cancer cell-like metabolic adaptations. We cultivated a CD34+ population with a majority of hematopoietic progenitors, and a CD34+CD38lowCD133+CD90+CD45RA− population, highly enriched in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), under anoxic, anoxic/aglycemic (“ischemia-like”), or physiological conditions (3% O2). Results showed, despite a reduction in total cell fold expansion proportionate to the decrease in O2 concentration; CD34+ cells, aldehyde dehydrogenase-expressing primitive cells, and committed progenitors expanded, even in anoxia. Interestingly, under ischemia-like conditions, stem and CD34+ cell populations are maintained at day-0 level. Cell-cycle analysis further revealed an accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase in anoxia or anoxia/aglycemia, with a fraction of cells (~40%) actively cycling (SG2M phases). Also stem cell analysis showed that in these conditions a long-term Scid Repopulating activity was equal to that found with 3% O2. In addition stem cells with the highest proliferative capacity were maintained in anoxia/aglycemia and in anoxia. The estimated ATP profile, active mitochondrial content, and succinate accumulation are indicative of anaerobic mitochondrial respiration in both HSCs and CD34+ progenitors under ischemia-like conditions. We demonstrate here that primitive hematopoietic cells show similar metabolic flexibility to CSCs, allowing them to survive a lack of O2 and O2/glucose. Our study reveals that this feature is not the consequence of malignant transformation, but an attribute of stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Vlaski-Lafarge
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Veronique Labat
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandra Brandy
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alice Refeyton
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pascale Duchez
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laura Rodriguez
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nyere Gibson
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Brunet de la Grange
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Zoran Ivanovic
- R&D Department, Etablissement Français du Sang Nouvelle Aquitaine, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm/U1035, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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45
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Hammarlund EU. Harnessing hypoxia as an evolutionary driver of complex multicellularity. Interface Focus 2020; 10:20190101. [PMID: 32642048 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2019.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal tissue requires low-oxygen conditions for its maintenance. The need for low-oxygen conditions contrasts with the idea of an evolutionary leap in animal diversity as a result of expanding oxic conditions. To accommodate tissue renewal at oxic conditions, however, vertebrate animals and vascular plants demonstrate abilities to access hypoxia. Here, I argue that multicellular organisms sustain oxic conditions first after internalizing hypoxic conditions. The 'harnessing' of hypoxia has allowed multicellular evolution to leave niches that were stable in terms of oxygen concentrations for those where oxygen fluctuates. Since oxygen fluctuates in most settings on Earth's surface, the ancestral niche would have been a deep marine setting. The hypothesis that 'large life' depends on harnessing hypoxia is illustrated in the context of conditions that promote the immature cell phenotype (stemness) in animal physiology and tumour biology and offers one explanation for the general rarity of diverse multicellularity over most of Earth's history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma U Hammarlund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Scheelevägen 2, Medicon Village Building 404, 223 81 Lund, Sweden.,Department of Geology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 12, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
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46
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Calpe B, Kovacs WJ. High-throughput screening in multicellular spheroids for target discovery in the tumor microenvironment. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 15:955-967. [PMID: 32364413 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1756769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Solid tumors are highly influenced by a complex tumor microenvironment (TME) that cannot be modeled with conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture. In addition, monolayer culture conditions tend to induce undesirable molecular and phenotypic cellular changes. The discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo is an important factor accounting for the high failure rate in drug development. Three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS) more closely resemble the in vivo situation in avascularized tumors. AREAS COVERED This review describes the use of MTS for anti-cancer drug discovery, with an emphasis on high-throughput screening (HTS) compatible assays. In particular, we focus on how these assays can be used for target discovery in the context of the TME. EXPERT OPINION Arrayed MTS in microtiter plates are HTS compatible but remain more expensive and time consuming than their 2D culture counterpart. It is therefore imperative to use assays with multiplexed readouts, in order to maximize the information that can be gained with the screen. In this context, high-content screening allowing to uncover microenvironmental dependencies is the true added value of MTS-based screening compared to 2D culture-based screening. Hit translation in animal models will, however, be key to allow a broader use of MTS-based screening in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaise Calpe
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Biology, Debiopharm , Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Werner J Kovacs
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich , Zurich, Switzerland
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47
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Zhang S, Kim B, Zhu X, Gui X, Wang Y, Lan Z, Prabhu P, Fond K, Wang A, Guo F. Glial type specific regulation of CNS angiogenesis by HIFα-activated different signaling pathways. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2027. [PMID: 32332719 PMCID: PMC7181614 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15656-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which oligodendroglia modulate CNS angiogenesis remain elusive. Previous in vitro data suggest that oligodendroglia regulate CNS endothelial cell proliferation and blood vessel formation through hypoxia inducible factor alpha (HIFα)-activated Wnt (but not VEGF) signaling. Using in vivo genetic models, we show that HIFα in oligodendroglia is necessary and sufficient for angiogenesis independent of CNS regions. At the molecular level, HIFα stabilization in oligodendroglia does not perturb Wnt signaling but rather activates VEGF. At the functional level, genetically blocking oligodendroglia-derived VEGF but not Wnt significantly decreases oligodendroglial HIFα-regulated CNS angiogenesis. Blocking astroglia-derived Wnt signaling reduces astroglial HIFα-regulated CNS angiogenesis. Together, our in vivo data demonstrate that oligodendroglial HIFα regulates CNS angiogenesis through Wnt-independent and VEGF-dependent signaling. These findings suggest an alternative mechanistic understanding of CNS angiogenesis by postnatal glial cells and unveil a glial cell type-dependent HIFα-Wnt axis in regulating CNS vessel formation. In the central nervous system, the maturation of glial cells is temporally and functionally coupled with that of the vascular network during postnatal development. Here the authors show that oligodendroglial HIFα regulates CNS angiogenesis through Wnt-independent and VEGF-dependent signaling, while astroglial HIFα participates through Wnt-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children/UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Bokyung Kim
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children/UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Zhu
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children/UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuehong Gui
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children/UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children/UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Zhaohui Lan
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children/UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Preeti Prabhu
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children/UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Kenneth Fond
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children/UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Aijun Wang
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children/UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Fuzheng Guo
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children/UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA. .,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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48
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Sylakowski K, Bradshaw A, Wells A. Mesenchymal Stem Cell/Multipotent Stromal Cell Augmentation of Wound Healing: Lessons from the Physiology of Matrix and Hypoxia Support. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1370-1381. [PMID: 32294456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous wounds requiring tissue replacement are often challenging to treat and result in substantial economic burden. Many of the challenges inherent to therapy-mediated healing are due to comorbidities of disease and aging that render many wounds as chronic or nonhealing. Repeated failure to resolve chronic wounds compromises the reserve or functioning of localized reparative cells. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells/multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) has been proposed to augment the reparative capacity of resident cells within the wound bed to overcome stalled wound healing. However, MSCs face a variety of challenges within the wound micro-environment that curtail their survival after transplantation. MSCs are naturally pro-angiogenic and proreparative, and thus numerous techniques have been attempted to improve their survival and efficacy after transplantation, many with little impact. These setbacks have prompted researchers to re-examine the normal wound bed physiology, resulting in new approaches to MSC transplantation using extracellular matrix proteins and hypoxia preconditioning. These studies have also led to new insights on associated intracellular mechanisms, particularly autophagy, which play key roles in further regulating MSC survival and paracrine signaling. This review provides a brief overview of cutaneous wound healing with discussion on how extracellular matrix proteins and hypoxia can be utilized to improve MSC retention and therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Sylakowski
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; R&D Service, VA Pittsburgh Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew Bradshaw
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; R&D Service, VA Pittsburgh Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alan Wells
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; R&D Service, VA Pittsburgh Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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Adolfsson E, Helenius G, Friberg Ö, Samano N, Frøbert O, Johansson K. Bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells from donors with coronary artery disease; growth, yield, gene expression and the effect of oxygen concentration. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2020; 80:318-326. [PMID: 32189529 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2020.1741023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cardiovascular cell therapy are procured from different sources including bone marrow and adipose tissue. Differently located MSCs differ in growth potential, differentiation ability and gene expression when cultured in vitro, and studies show different healing abilities for different MSC subgroups. In this study, bone marrow derived MSCs (BMSCs) and adipose tissue derived MSCs (ADSCs) from six human donors with coronary artery disease were compared for growth potential and expression of target genes (Angpt1, LIF, HGF, TGF-β1 and VEGF-A) in response to exposure to 1% and 5% O2, for up to 48 h. We found greater growth of ADSCs compared to BMSCs. ADSCs expressed higher levels of Angpt1, LIF and TGF-β1 and equal levels of VEGF-A and HGF as BMSCs. In BMSCs, exposure to low oxygen resulted in upregulation of TGF-β1, whereas other target genes were unaffected. Upregulation was only present at 1% O2. In ADSCs, LIF was upregulated in both oxygen concentrations, whereas Angpt1 was upregulated only at 1% O2. Different response to reduced oxygen culture conditions is of relevance when expanding cells in vitro prior to administration. These findings indicate ADSCs as better suited for cardiovascular cell therapy compared to BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Adolfsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Gisela Helenius
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Örjan Friberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ninos Samano
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ole Frøbert
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Karin Johansson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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50
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Three-dimensional culture models mimic colon cancer heterogeneity induced by different microenvironments. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3156. [PMID: 32081957 PMCID: PMC7035265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer demonstrates intra-tumour heterogeneity formed by a hierarchical structure comprised of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their differentiated progenies. The mechanism by which CSCs are maintained and differentiated needs to be further elucidated, and there is evidence that the tumour microenvironment governs cancer stemness. Using PLR123, a colon cancer cell line with CSC properties, we determined the culture conditions necessary to establish a pair of three-dimensional (3D) culture models grown in Matrigel, designated stemCO and diffCO. The conditions were determined by comparing the phenotypes in the models with PLR123 mouse xenografts colonising lung and liver. StemCO resembled LGR5-positive undifferentiated tumours in the lung, and diffCO had lumen structures composed of polarised cells that were similar to the ductal structures found in differentiated tumours in the liver. In a case using the models for biomedical research, treatment with JAG-1 peptide or a γ-secretase inhibitor modified the Notch signaling and induced changes indicating that the signal participates in lumen formation in the models. Our results demonstrate that culture conditions affect the stemness of 3D culture models generated from CSCs and show that comparing models with different phenotypes is useful for studying how the tumour environment regulates cancer.
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