1
|
Akizawa H, Lopes EM, Fissore RA. Zn 2+ is essential for Ca 2+ oscillations in mouse eggs. eLife 2023; 12:RP88082. [PMID: 38099643 PMCID: PMC10723796 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in the intracellular concentration of free calcium (Ca2+) underpin egg activation and initiation of development in animals and plants. In mammals, the Ca2+ release is periodical, known as Ca2+ oscillations, and mediated by the type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R1). Another divalent cation, zinc (Zn2+), increases exponentially during oocyte maturation and is vital for meiotic transitions, arrests, and polyspermy prevention. It is unknown if these pivotal cations interplay during fertilization. Here, using mouse eggs, we showed that basal concentrations of labile Zn2+ are indispensable for sperm-initiated Ca2+ oscillations because Zn2+-deficient conditions induced by cell-permeable chelators abrogated Ca2+ responses evoked by fertilization and other physiological and pharmacological agonists. We also found that chemically or genetically generated eggs with lower levels of labile Zn2+ displayed reduced IP3R1 sensitivity and diminished ER Ca2+ leak despite the stable content of the stores and IP3R1 mass. Resupplying Zn2+ restarted Ca2+ oscillations, but excessive Zn2+ prevented and terminated them, hindering IP3R1 responsiveness. The findings suggest that a window of Zn2+ concentrations is required for Ca2+ responses and IP3R1 function in eggs, ensuring optimal response to fertilization and egg activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Akizawa
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstUnited States
| | - Emily M Lopes
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstUnited States
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of MassachusettsAmherstUnited States
| | - Rafael A Fissore
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstUnited States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Akizawa H, Lopes E, Fissore RA. Zn 2+ is Essential for Ca 2+ Oscillations in Mouse Eggs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.13.536745. [PMID: 37131581 PMCID: PMC10153198 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.13.536745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the intracellular concentration of free calcium (Ca2+) underpin egg activation and initiation of development in animals and plants. In mammals, the Ca2+ release is periodical, known as Ca2+ oscillations, and mediated by the type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R1). Another divalent cation, zinc (Zn2+), increases exponentially during oocyte maturation and is vital for meiotic transitions, arrests, and polyspermy prevention. It is unknown if these pivotal cations interplay during fertilization. Here, using mouse eggs, we showed that basal concentrations of labile Zn2+ are indispensable for sperm-initiated Ca2+ oscillations because Zn2+-deficient conditions induced by cell-permeable chelators abrogated Ca2+ responses evoked by fertilization and other physiological and pharmacological agonists. We also found that chemically- or genetically generated eggs with lower levels of labile Zn2+ displayed reduced IP3R1 sensitivity and diminished ER Ca2+ leak despite the stable content of the stores and IP3R1 mass. Resupplying Zn2+ restarted Ca2+ oscillations, but excessive Zn2+ prevented and terminated them, hindering IP3R1 responsiveness. The findings suggest that a window of Zn2+ concentrations is required for Ca2+ responses and IP3R1 function in eggs, ensuring optimal response to fertilization and egg activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Akizawa
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 661 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, United States
| | - Emily Lopes
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 661 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, United States
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, United States
| | - Rafael A. Fissore
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 661 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang F, Fan LH, Li A, Dong F, Hou Y, Schatten H, Sun QY, Ou XH. Effects of various calcium transporters on mitochondrial Ca 2+ changes and oocyte maturation. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6548-6558. [PMID: 33704771 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ participates in many important cellular processes, but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood, especially during oocyte maturation. First, we confirmed that calcium in the culture medium was essential for oocyte maturation. Next, various inhibitors of Ca2+ channels were applied to investigate their roles in mitochondrial Ca2+ changes and oocyte maturation. Our results showed that Trmp7, Orai, T-type Ca2+ channels and Na+ /Ca2+ exchanger complex (NCLX) were important for oocyte maturation. Trmp7 inhibition delayed germinal vesicle breakdown. Orai and NCLX inhibition significantly weakened the distribution of mitochondrial Ca2+ around the nucleus compared to the Ctrl group. Interestingly, even T-type Ca2+ channels-specific inhibitor Mibefradil blocked germinal vesicle breakdown; mitochondrial Ca2+ surrounding the nucleus still was maintained at a high level without spindle formation. Two calcium transporter inhibitors, Thapsigargin and Ruthenium Red, which have been confirmed to inhibit oocyte activation, did not significantly affect oocyte maturation. Increasing the knowledge of calcium transport may provide a basis to build on for improving oocyte in vitro maturation in human assisted reproduction clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Hua Fan
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Heide Schatten
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Ou
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lodde V, Morandini P, Costa A, Murgia I, Ezquer I. cROStalk for Life: Uncovering ROS Signaling in Plants and Animal Systems, from Gametogenesis to Early Embryonic Development. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:525. [PMID: 33916807 PMCID: PMC8067062 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review explores the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/Ca2+ in communication within reproductive structures in plants and animals. Many concepts have been described during the last years regarding how biosynthesis, generation products, antioxidant systems, and signal transduction involve ROS signaling, as well as its possible link with developmental processes and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this review, we first addressed classic key concepts in ROS and Ca2+ signaling in plants, both at the subcellular, cellular, and organ level. In the plant science field, during the last decades, new techniques have facilitated the in vivo monitoring of ROS signaling cascades. We will describe these powerful techniques in plants and compare them to those existing in animals. Development of new analytical techniques will facilitate the understanding of ROS signaling and their signal transduction pathways in plants and mammals. Many among those signaling pathways already have been studied in animals; therefore, a specific effort should be made to integrate this knowledge into plant biology. We here discuss examples of how changes in the ROS and Ca2+ signaling pathways can affect differentiation processes in plants, focusing specifically on reproductive processes where the ROS and Ca2+ signaling pathways influence the gametophyte functioning, sexual reproduction, and embryo formation in plants and animals. The study field regarding the role of ROS and Ca2+ in signal transduction is evolving continuously, which is why we reviewed the recent literature and propose here the potential targets affecting ROS in reproductive processes. We discuss the opportunities to integrate comparative developmental studies and experimental approaches into studies on the role of ROS/ Ca2+ in both plant and animal developmental biology studies, to further elucidate these crucial signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Lodde
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety (VESPA), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Piero Morandini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (I.M.)
| | - Irene Murgia
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (I.M.)
| | - Ignacio Ezquer
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.C.); (I.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Eum JH, Park M, Yoon JA, Yoon SY. Voltage Dependent N Type Calcium Channel in Mouse Egg Fertilization. Dev Reprod 2021; 24:297-306. [PMID: 33537516 PMCID: PMC7837419 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2020.24.4.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive changes in the intracellular calcium concentration
([Ca2+]i) triggers egg activation, including cortical
granule exocytosis, resumption of second meiosis, block to polyspermy, and
initiating embryonic development. [Ca2+]i oscillations that
continue for several hours, are required for the early events of egg activation
and possibly connected to further development to the blastocyst stage. The
sources of Ca2+ ion elevation during [Ca2+]i
oscillations are Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum
through inositol 1,4,5 tri-phosphate receptor and Ca2+ ion
influx through Ca2+ channel on the plasma membrane.
Ca2+ channels have been characterized into
voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs), ligand-gated
Ca2+ channel, and leak-channel. VDCCs expressed on muscle
cell or neuron is specified into L, T, N, P, Q, and R type VDCs by their
activation threshold or their sensitivity to peptide toxins isolated from cone
snails and spiders. The present study was aimed to investigate the localization
pattern of N and P/Q type voltage-dependent calcium channels in mouse eggs and
the role in fertilization. [Ca2+]i oscillation was observed in
a Ca2+ contained medium with sperm factor or adenophostin A
injection but disappeared in Ca2+ free medium.
Ca2+ influx was decreased by Lat A. N-VDCC specific
inhibitor, ω-Conotoxin CVIIA induced abnormal [Ca2+]i
oscillation profiles in SrCl2 treatment. N or P/Q type VDC were
distributed on the plasma membrane in cortical cluster form, not in the
cytoplasm. Ca2+ influx is essential for
[Ca2+]i oscillation during mammalian fertilization. This
Ca2+ influx might be controlled through the N or P/Q type
VDCCs. Abnormal VDCCs expression of eggs could be tested in fertilization
failure or low fertilization eggs in subfertility women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Eum
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul 06125, Korea
| | - Miseon Park
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul 06125, Korea
| | - Jung Ah Yoon
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul 06125, Korea
| | - Sook Young Yoon
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul 06125, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang L, Wang Z, Lu T, Meng L, Luo Y, Fu X, Hou Y. Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Overload Leads to Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Delayed Meiotic Resumption in Mouse Oocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:580876. [PMID: 33384990 PMCID: PMC7770107 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.580876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Overweight or obese women seeking pregnancy is becoming increasingly common. Human maternal obesity gives rise to detrimental effects during reproduction. Emerging evidence has shown that these abnormities are likely attributed to oocyte quality. Oxidative stress induces poor oocyte conditions, but whether mitochondrial calcium homeostasis plays a key role in oocyte status remains unresolved. Here, we established a mitochondrial Ca2+ overload model in mouse oocytes. Knockdown gatekeepers of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporters Micu1 and Micu2 as well as the mitochondrial sodium calcium exchanger NCLX in oocytes both increased oocytes mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration. The overload of mitochondria Ca2+ in oocytes impaired mitochondrial function, leaded to oxidative stress, and changed protein kinase A (PKA) signaling associated gene expression as well as delayed meiotic resumption. Using this model, we aimed to determine the mechanism of delayed meiosis caused by mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, and whether oocyte-specific inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ influx could improve the reproductive abnormalities seen within obesity. Germinal vesicle breakdown stage (GVBD) and extrusion of first polar body (PB1) are two indicators of meiosis maturation. As expected, the percentage of oocytes that successfully progress to the germinal vesicle breakdown stage and extrude the first polar body during in vitro culture was increased significantly, and the expression of PKA signaling genes and mitochondrial function recovered after appropriate mitochondrial Ca2+ regulation. Additionally, some indicators of mitochondrial performance-such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential-recovered to normal. These results suggest that the regulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake in mouse oocytes has a significant role during oocyte maturation as well as PKA signaling and that proper mitochondrial Ca2+ reductions in obese oocytes can recover mitochondrial performance and improve obesity-associated oocyte quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zichuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tengfei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangwei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunpeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Czajkowska K, Walewska A, Ishikawa T, Szczepańska K, Ajduk A. Age-related alterations in fertilization-induced Ca2+ oscillations depend on the genetic background of mouse oocytes†. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:986-999. [PMID: 32761132 PMCID: PMC7609943 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal aging affects various aspects of oocytes' physiology, including the functionality of their nuclear apparatus and mitochondria. In the present paper, we wished to investigate whether advanced reproductive age impacts oocytes' ability to generate proper Ca2+ oscillations in response to monospermic fertilization. We examined three different mouse strains/crosses: inbred C57BL/6Tar, outbred Tar:SWISS, and hybrid F1 (C57BL/6Tar × CBA/Tar). The females were either 2-4 months old (young) or 13-16 months old (aged). We observed that the Ca2+ oscillatory pattern is altered in a strain-dependent manner and changes were more profound in aged C57BL/6Tar and F1 than in aged Tar:SWISS oocytes. We also showed that maternal aging differently affects the size of Ca2+ store and expression of Itpr1, Atp2a2, Erp44, and Pdia3 genes involved in Ca2+ homeostasis in oocytes of C57BL/6Tar, Tar:SWISS, and F1 genetic background, which may explain partially the differences in the extent of age-dependent changes in the Ca2+ oscillations in those oocytes. Maternal aging did not have any visible impact on the distribution of the ER cisterns in oocytes of all three genetic types. Finally, we showed that maternal aging alters the timing of the first embryonic interphase onset and that this timing correlates in C57BL/6Tar and Tar:SWISS oocytes with the frequency of fertilization-induced Ca2+ oscillations. Our results indicate that extreme caution is required when conclusions about oocyte/embryo physiological response to aging are made and complement an increasing amount of evidence that mammalian (including human) susceptibility to aging differs greatly depending on the genetic background of the individual.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Czajkowska
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Walewska
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Takao Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Ajduk
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stein P, Savy V, Williams AM, Williams CJ. Modulators of calcium signalling at fertilization. Open Biol 2020; 10:200118. [PMID: 32673518 PMCID: PMC7574550 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signals initiate egg activation across the animal kingdom and in at least some plants. These signals are crucial for the success of development and, in the case of mammals, health of the offspring. The mechanisms associated with fertilization that trigger these signals and the molecules that regulate their characteristic patterns vary widely. With few exceptions, a major contributor to fertilization-induced elevation in cytoplasmic Ca2+ is release from endoplasmic reticulum stores through the IP3 receptor. In some cases, Ca2+ influx from the extracellular space and/or release from alternative intracellular stores contribute to the rise in cytoplasmic Ca2+. Following the Ca2+ rise, the reuptake of Ca2+ into intracellular stores or efflux of Ca2+ out of the egg drive the return of cytoplasmic Ca2+ back to baseline levels. The molecular mediators of these Ca2+ fluxes in different organisms include Ca2+ release channels, uptake channels, exchangers and pumps. The functions of these mediators are regulated by their particular activating mechanisms but also by alterations in their expression and spatial organization. We discuss here the molecular basis for modulation of Ca2+ signalling at fertilization, highlighting differences across several animal phyla, and we mention key areas where questions remain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Stein
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Virginia Savy
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Audrey M. Williams
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Carmen J. Williams
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wakai T, Mehregan A, Fissore RA. Ca 2+ Signaling and Homeostasis in Mammalian Oocytes and Eggs. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a035162. [PMID: 31427376 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the intracellular concentration of calcium ([Ca2+]i) represent a vital signaling mechanism enabling communication between and among cells as well as with the environment. Cells have developed a sophisticated set of molecules, "the Ca2+ toolkit," to adapt [Ca2+]i changes to specific cellular functions. Mammalian oocytes and eggs, the subject of this review, are not an exception, and in fact the initiation of embryo devolvement in all species is entirely dependent on distinct [Ca2+]i responses. Here, we review the components of the Ca2+ toolkit present in mammalian oocytes and eggs, the regulatory mechanisms that allow these cells to accumulate Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum, release it, and maintain basal and stable cytoplasmic concentrations. We also discuss electrophysiological and genetic studies that have uncovered Ca2+ influx channels in oocytes and eggs, and we analyze evidence supporting the role of a sperm-specific phospholipase C isoform as the trigger of Ca2+ oscillations during mammalian fertilization including its implication in fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Wakai
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Aujan Mehregan
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Rafael A Fissore
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yoon SY. Role of Type 1 Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate Receptors in Mammalian Oocytes. Dev Reprod 2019; 23:1-9. [PMID: 31049467 PMCID: PMC6487317 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2019.23.1.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ability of oocytes to undergo normal fertilization and embryo development is
acquired during oocyte maturation which is transition from the germinal vesicle
stage (GV), germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) to metaphase of meiosis II (MII).
Part of this process includes redistribution of inositol 1,4, 5-triphosphate
receptor (IP3R), a predominant Ca2+ channel on the endoplasmic
reticulum membrane. Type 1 IP3R (IP3R1) is expressed in mouse oocytes
dominantly. At GV stage, IP3R1 are arranged as a network throughout the
cytoplasm with minute accumulation around the nucleus. At MII stage, IP3R1
diffuses to the entire cytoplasm in a more reticular manner, and obvious
clusters of IP3R1 are observed at the cortex of the egg. This structural
reorganization provides acquisition of [Ca2+]i oscillatory
activity during fertilization. In this review, general properties of IP3R1 in
somatic cells and mammalian oocyte are introduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sook Young Yoon
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University, Seoul 06125, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fluks M, Szczepanska K, Ishikawa T, Ajduk A. Transcriptional status of mouse oocytes corresponds with their ability to generate Ca2+ release. Reproduction 2019; 157:465-474. [PMID: 30817322 DOI: 10.1530/rep-18-0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In fully grown ovarian follicles both transcriptionally active (NSN) and inactive (SN) oocytes are present. NSN oocytes have been shown to display lower developmental potential. It is possible that oocytes that have not completed transcription before meiosis resumption accumulate less RNA and proteins required for their further development, including those responsible for regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis. Oscillations of the cytoplasmic concentration of free Ca2+ ions ([Ca2+]i) are triggered in oocytes by a fertilizing spermatozoon and are crucial for inducing and regulating further embryonic development. We showed that NSN-derived oocytes express less inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1 (IP3R1), store less Ca2+ ions and generate weaker spontaneous [Ca2+]i oscillations during maturation than SN oocytes. Consequently, NSN oocytes display aberrant [Ca2+]i oscillations at fertilization. We speculate that this defective regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis might be one of the factors responsible for the lower developmental potential of NSN oocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Fluks
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Takao Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Ajduk
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wakai T, Fissore RA. Constitutive IP 3R1-mediated Ca 2+ release reduces Ca 2+ store content and stimulates mitochondrial metabolism in mouse GV oocytes. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.225441. [PMID: 30659110 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.225441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, fertilization initiates Ca2+ oscillations in metaphase II oocytes, which are required for the activation of embryo development. Germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes also display Ca2+ oscillations, although these unfold spontaneously in the absence of any known agonist(s) and their function remains unclear. We found that the main intracellular store of Ca2+ in GV oocytes, the endoplasmic reticulum ([Ca2+]ER), constitutively 'leaks' Ca2+ through the type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor. The [Ca2+]ER leak ceases around the resumption of meiosis, the GV breakdown (GVBD) stage, which coincides with the first noticeable accumulation of Ca2+ in the stores. It also concurs with downregulation of the Ca2+ influx and termination of the oscillations, which seemed underpinned by the inactivation of the putative plasma membrane Ca2+ channels. Lastly, we demonstrate that mitochondria take up Ca2+ during the Ca2+ oscillations, mounting their own oscillations that stimulate the mitochondrial redox state and increase the ATP levels of GV oocytes. These distinct features of Ca2+ homeostasis in GV oocytes are likely to underpin the acquisition of both maturation and developmental competence, as well as fulfill stage-specific cellular functions during oocyte maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Wakai
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 661 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Rafael A Fissore
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 661 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Maturation and fertilization of echinoderm eggs: Role of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 506:361-371. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
14
|
Carvacho I, Piesche M, Maier TJ, Machaca K. Ion Channel Function During Oocyte Maturation and Fertilization. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:63. [PMID: 29998105 PMCID: PMC6028574 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The proper maturation of both male and female gametes is essential for supporting fertilization and the early embryonic divisions. In the ovary, immature fully-grown oocytes that are arrested in prophase I of meiosis I are not able to support fertilization. Acquiring fertilization competence requires resumption of meiosis which encompasses the remodeling of multiple signaling pathways and the reorganization of cellular organelles. Collectively, this differentiation endows the egg with the ability to activate at fertilization and to promote the egg-to-embryo transition. Oocyte maturation is associated with changes in the electrical properties of the plasma membrane and alterations in the function and distribution of ion channels. Therefore, variations on the pattern of expression, distribution, and function of ion channels and transporters during oocyte maturation are fundamental to reproductive success. Ion channels and transporters are important in regulating membrane potential, but also in the case of calcium (Ca2+), they play a critical role in modulating intracellular signaling pathways. In the context of fertilization, Ca2+ has been shown to be the universal activator of development at fertilization, playing a central role in early events associated with egg activation and the egg-to-embryo transition. These early events include the block of polyspermy, the completion of meiosis and the transition to the embryonic mitotic divisions. In this review, we discuss the role of ion channels during oocyte maturation, fertilization and early embryonic development. We will describe how ion channel studies in Xenopus oocytes, an extensively studied model of oocyte maturation, translate into a greater understanding of the role of ion channels in mammalian oocyte physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Carvacho
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Matthias Piesche
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Thorsten J. Maier
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Goethe-University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Khaled Machaca
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell-Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Universality and Diversity of a Fast, Electrical Block to Polyspermy During Fertilization in Animals. DIVERSITY AND COMMONALITY IN ANIMALS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-56609-0_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
16
|
Ferrer-Buitrago M, Bonte D, De Sutter P, Leybaert L, Heindryckx B. Single Ca 2+ transients vs oscillatory Ca 2+ signaling for assisted oocyte activation: limitations and benefits. Reproduction 2017; 155:R105-R119. [PMID: 29122969 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Oocyte activation is a calcium (Ca2+)-dependent process that has been investigated in depth, in particular, regarding its impact on assisted reproduction technology (ART). Following a standard model of signal transduction, Ca2+ drives the meiotic progression upon fertilization in all species studied to date. However, Ca2+ changes during oocyte activation are species specific, and they can be classified in two modalities based on the pattern defined by the Ca2+ signature: a single Ca2+ transient (e.g. amphibians) or repetitive Ca2+ transients called Ca2+ oscillations (e.g. mammals). Interestingly, assisted oocyte activation (AOA) methods have highlighted the ability of mammalian oocytes to respond to single Ca2+ transients with normal embryonic development. In this regard, there is evidence supporting that cellular events during the process of oocyte activation are initiated by different number of Ca2+ oscillations. Moreover, it was proposed that oocyte activation and subsequent embryonic development are dependent on the total summation of the Ca2+ peaks, rather than to a specific frequency pattern of Ca2+ oscillations. The present review aims to demonstrate the complexity of mammalian oocyte activation by describing the series of Ca2+-linked physiological events involved in mediating the egg-to-embryo transition. Furthermore, mechanisms of AOA and the limitations and benefits associated with the application of different activation agents are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minerva Ferrer-Buitrago
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem Cell Team (G-FaST)Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Davina Bonte
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem Cell Team (G-FaST)Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Petra De Sutter
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem Cell Team (G-FaST)Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Leybaert
- Physiology GroupDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Björn Heindryckx
- Ghent-Fertility and Stem Cell Team (G-FaST)Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tiwari M, Prasad S, Shrivastav TG, Chaube SK. Calcium Signaling During Meiotic Cell Cycle Regulation and Apoptosis in Mammalian Oocytes. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:976-981. [PMID: 27791263 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca++ ) is one of the major signal molecules that regulate various aspects of cell functions including cell cycle progression, arrest, and apoptosis in wide variety of cells. This review summarizes current knowledge on the differential roles of Ca++ in meiotic cell cycle resumption, arrest, and apoptosis in mammalian oocytes. Release of Ca++ from internal stores and/or Ca++ influx from extracellular medium causes moderate increase of intracellular Ca++ ([Ca++ ]i) level and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Increase of Ca++ as well as ROS levels under physiological range trigger maturation promoting factor (MPF) destabilization, thereby meiotic resumption from diplotene as well as metaphase-II (M-II) arrest in oocytes. A sustained increase of [Ca++ ]i level beyond physiological range induces generation of ROS sufficient enough to cause oxidative stress (OS) in aging oocytes. The increased [Ca++ ]i triggers Fas ligand-mediated oocyte apoptosis. Further, OS triggers mitochondria-mediated oocyte apoptosis in several mammalian species. Thus, Ca++ exerts differential roles on oocyte physiology depending upon its intracellular concentration. A moderate increase of [Ca++ ]i as well as ROS mediate spontaneous resumption of meiosis from diplotene as well as M-II arrest, while their high levels cause meiotic cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by operating both mitochondria- as well as Fas ligand-mediated apoptotic pathways. Indeed, Ca++ regulates cellular physiology by modulating meiotic cell cycle and apoptosis in mammalian oocytes. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 976-981, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Tiwari
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpa Prasad
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tulsidas G Shrivastav
- Department of Reproductive Biomedicine, National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, Munirka, New Delhi, India
| | - Shail K Chaube
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee HC, Yoon SY, Lykke-Hartmann K, Fissore RA, Carvacho I. TRPV3 channels mediate Ca2+ influx induced by 2-APB in mouse eggs. Cell Calcium 2016; 59:21-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
19
|
Zhang N, Yoon SY, Parys JB, Fissore RA. Effect of M-phase kinase phosphorylations on type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-mediated Ca2+ responses in mouse eggs. Cell Calcium 2015; 58:476-88. [PMID: 26259730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R1) mediates increases in the intracellular concentration of Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]i) during fertilization in mammalian eggs. The activity of IP3R1 is enhanced during oocyte maturation, and phosphorylations by M-phase kinases are thought to positively regulate the activity of IP3R1. Accordingly, we and others have found that IP3R1 is phosphorylated at S(421), T(799) (by Cdk1) and at S(436) (by ERK). Nevertheless, the effects of these phosphorylations on the function of the receptor and their impact on [Ca(2+)]i oscillations in eggs have not been clearly examined. To address this, we expressed in mouse oocytes an IP3R1 variant with the three indicated phosphorylation sites replaced by acidic residues, IIIE-IP3R1, such that it would act like a constitutively phosphorylated IP3R1, and examined [Ca(2+)]i parameters in response to stimuli. We found that overexpression of wild type (wt-IP3R1) or IIIE-IP3R1 in oocytes containing endogenous receptors caused dominant negative-like effects on Ca(2+) release and oscillations. Therefore, we first selectively removed the endogenous IP3R1, and subsequently expressed the exogenous receptors. We found that in response to injection of PLCζ cRNA, eggs without endogenous IP3R1 failed to mount persistent Ca(2+) oscillations, although expression of wt-IP3R1 restored their [Ca(2+)]i oscillatory activity. We also observed that the Ca(2+) oscillatory ability and the sensitivity to IP3 in eggs expressing IIIE-IP3R1 were greater than in those expressing wt-IP3R1. Lastly, we found that exogenous IP3R1s are resistant to downregulation and support longer oscillations and of higher amplitude. Altogether, our results show that phosphorylations by Cdk1 and MAPK enhance the activity of IP3R1, which is consistent with its maximal activity observed at the time of fertilization and the role of Ca(2+) release in egg activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sook Young Yoon
- Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seoul 135-081, Republic of Korea
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-I box 802, Herestraat 49, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rafael A Fissore
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Coticchio G, Dal Canto M, Mignini Renzini M, Guglielmo MC, Brambillasca F, Turchi D, Novara PV, Fadini R. Oocyte maturation: gamete-somatic cells interactions, meiotic resumption, cytoskeletal dynamics and cytoplasmic reorganization. Hum Reprod Update 2015; 21:427-54. [PMID: 25744083 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmv011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a growth phase occurring during most of folliculogenesis, the oocyte produces and accumulates molecules and organelles that are fundamental for the development of the preimplantation embryo. At ovulation, growth is followed by a phase of maturation that, although confined within a short temporal window, encompasses modifications of the oocyte chromosome complement and rearrangements of cytoplasmic components that are crucial for the achievement of developmental competence. Cumulus cells (CCs) are central to the process of maturation, providing the oocyte with metabolic support and regulatory cues. METHODS PubMed was used to search the MEDLINE database for peer-reviewed original articles and reviews concerning oocyte maturation in mammals. Searches were performed adopting 'oocyte' and 'maturation' as main terms, in association with other keywords expressing concepts relevant to the subject. The most relevant publications, i.e. those concerning major phenomena occurring during oocyte maturation in established experimental models and the human species, were assessed and discussed critically to offer a comprehensive description of the process of oocyte maturation. RESULTS By applying the above described search criteria, 6165 publications were identified, of which 543 were review articles. The number of publications increased steadily from 1974 (n = 7) to 2013 (n = 293). In 2014, from January to the time of submission of this manuscript, 140 original manuscripts and reviews were published. The studies selected for this review extend previous knowledge and shed new and astounding knowledge on oocyte maturation. It has long been known that resumption of meiosis and progression to the metaphase II stage is intrinsic to oocyte maturation, but novel findings have revealed that specific chromatin configurations are indicative of a propensity of the oocyte to resume the meiotic process and acquire developmental competence. Recently, genetic integrity has also been characterized as a factor with important implications for oocyte maturation and quality. Changes occurring in the cytoplasmic compartment are equally fundamental. Microtubules, actin filaments and chromatin not only interact to finalize chromosome segregation, but also crucially co-operate to establish cell asymmetry. This allows polar body extrusion to be accomplished with minimal loss of cytoplasm. The cytoskeleton also orchestrates the rearrangement of organelles in preparation for fertilization. For example, during maturation the distribution of the endoplasmic reticulum undergoes major modifications guided by microtubules and microfilaments to make the oocyte more competent in the generation of intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations that are pivotal for triggering egg activation. Cumulus cells are inherent to the process of oocyte maturation, emitting regulatory signals via direct cell-to-cell contacts and paracrine factors. In addition to nurturing the oocyte with key metabolites, CCs regulate meiotic resumption and modulate the function of the oocyte cytoskeleton. CONCLUSIONS Although the importance of oocyte maturation for the achievement of female meiosis has long been recognized, until recently much less was known of the significance of this process in relation to other fundamental developmental events. Studies on chromatin dynamics and integrity have extended our understanding of female meiosis. Concomitantly, cytoskeletal and organelle changes and the ancillary role of CCs have been better appreciated. This is expected to inspire novel concepts and advances in assisted reproduction technologies, such as the development of novel in vitro maturation systems and the identification of biomarkers of oocyte quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Coticchio
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Via Zucchi 24, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Mariabeatrice Dal Canto
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Via Zucchi 24, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Mario Mignini Renzini
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Via Zucchi 24, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Guglielmo
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Via Zucchi 24, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Fausta Brambillasca
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Via Zucchi 24, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Diana Turchi
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Via Zucchi 24, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Vittoria Novara
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Via Zucchi 24, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Rubens Fadini
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Centre, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Via Zucchi 24, 20900 Monza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Stricker SA. Calcium signaling and endoplasmic reticulum dynamics during fertilization in marine protostome worms belonging to the phylum Nemertea. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 450:1182-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.03.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
22
|
Lee HC, Arny M, Grow D, Dumesic D, Fissore RA, Jellerette-Nolan T. Protein phospholipase C Zeta1 expression in patients with failed ICSI but with normal sperm parameters. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:749-56. [PMID: 24756570 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to determine if expression of the testis-specific phospholipase C Zeta1 (PLCZ1) correlated with low success or fertilization failure after ICSI in patients with normal parameters after standard semen analysis (SA). METHODS Couples <43 years with one or two failed or low fertilization ICSI cycles. Standard Semen Analysis (SA) was performed to determine sperm parameters in male partners, whereas females were evaluated for antral follicle counts (AFC), day 3 FSH levels and peak Estradiol (E2) levels. The presence of PLCZ1 in sperm was ascertained using Western blotting and Immunofluorescence (IF) analysis. The ability of sperm to initiate changes in the intracellular concentrations of free calcium ([Ca(2+)]i), which is characteristic of mammalian sperm, was performed after injection of human sperm into mouse eggs loaded with the Ca(2+) sensitive dye fura-2 AM. RESULTS Male partners of couples with failed or low success ICSI fertilization but with normal SA parameters showed low expression levels of PLCZ1 as determined by western blotting and reduced fluorescent signal during IF studies. In addition, fewer of these males' sperm showed PLCZ1 expression and were able to initiate robust [Ca(2+)]i oscillations upon injection into eggs. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that in patients with normal SA parameters but with repeated low fertilization or outright failed fertilization results after ICSI, abnormal PLCZ1 function should be considered as the underlying mechanism responsible for the failure of fertilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Chang Lee
- Graduate Program in Animal Biotechnology and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Behaviour of cytoplasmic organelles and cytoskeleton during oocyte maturation. Reprod Biomed Online 2013; 28:284-99. [PMID: 24444815 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2013.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Assisted reproduction technology (ART) has become an attractive option for infertility treatment and holds tremendous promise. However, at present, there is still room for improvement in its success rates. Oocyte maturation is a process by which the oocyte becomes competent for fertilization and subsequent embryo development. To better understand the mechanism underlying oocyte maturation and for the future improvement of assisted reproduction technology, this review focuses on the complex processes of cytoplasmic organelles and the dynamic alterations of the cytoskeleton that occur during oocyte maturation. Ovarian stimulation and in-vitro maturation are the major techniques used in assisted reproduction technology and their influence on the organelles of oocytes is also discussed. Since the first birth by assisted reproduction treatment was achieved in 1978, numerous techniques involved in assisted reproduction have been developed and have become attractive options for infertility treatment. However, the unsatisfactory success rate remains as a main challenge. Oocyte maturation is a process by which the oocyte becomes competent for fertilization and subsequent embryo development. Oocyte maturation includes both nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation. Nuclear maturation primarily involves chromosomal segregation, which has been well studied, whereas cytoplasmic maturation involves a series of complicated processes, and there are still many parts of this process that remain controversial. Ovarian stimulation and in-vitro maturation (IVM) are the major techniques of assisted reproduction. The effect of ovarian stimulation or IVM on the behaviour of cell organelles of the oocyte has been postulated as the reason for the reduced developmental potential of in-vitro-produced embryos. To further understanding of the mechanism of oocyte maturation and future improvement of assisted reproduction treatment, the complex events of cytoplasmic organelles and the cytoskeleton that occur during oocyte maturation and the influence of ovarian stimulation and IVM on these organelles are described in this review.
Collapse
|
24
|
Wakai T, Zhang N, Vangheluwe P, Fissore RA. Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) oscillations in mammalian eggs. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:5714-24. [PMID: 24101727 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.136549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in the intracellular concentration of free calcium ([Ca(2+)]i) regulate diverse cellular processes including fertilization. In mammalian eggs, the [Ca(2+)]i changes induced by the sperm unfold in a pattern of periodical rises, also known as [Ca(2+)]i oscillations. The source of Ca(2+) during oscillations is the endoplasmic reticulum ([Ca(2+)]ER), but it is presently unknown how [Ca(2+)]ER is regulated. Here, we show using mouse eggs that [Ca(2+)]i oscillations induced by a variety of agonists, including PLCζ, SrCl2 and thimerosal, provoke simultaneous but opposite changes in [Ca(2+)]ER and cause differential effects on the refilling and overall load of [Ca(2+)]ER. We also found that Ca(2+) influx is required to refill [Ca(2+)]ER, because the loss of [Ca(2+)]ER was accelerated in medium devoid of Ca(2+). Pharmacological inactivation of the function of the mitochondria and of the Ca(2+)-ATPase pumps PMCA and SERCA altered the pattern of oscillations and abruptly reduced [Ca(2+)]ER, especially after inactivation of mitochondria and SERCA functions. We also examined the expression of SERCA2b protein and found that it was expressed throughout oocyte maturation and attained a conspicuous cortical cluster organization in mature eggs. We show that its overexpression reduces the duration of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-induced [Ca(2+)]i rises, promotes initiation of oscillations and enhances refilling of [Ca(2+)]ER. Collectively, our results provide novel insights on the regulation of [Ca(2+)]ER oscillations, which underlie the unique Ca(2+)-signalling system that activates the developmental program in mammalian eggs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Wakai
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 661 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kashir J, Deguchi R, Jones C, Coward K, Stricker SA. Comparative biology of sperm factors and fertilization-induced calcium signals across the animal kingdom. Mol Reprod Dev 2013; 80:787-815. [PMID: 23900730 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fertilization causes mature oocytes or eggs to increase their concentrations of intracellular calcium ions (Ca²⁺) in all animals that have been examined, and such Ca²⁺ elevations, in turn, provide key activating signals that are required for non-parthenogenetic development. Several lines of evidence indicate that the Ca²⁺ transients produced during fertilization in mammals and other taxa are triggered by soluble factors that sperm deliver into oocytes after gamete fusion. Thus, for a broad-based analysis of Ca²⁺ dynamics during fertilization in animals, this article begins by summarizing data on soluble sperm factors in non-mammalian species, and subsequently reviews various topics related to a sperm-specific phospholipase C, called PLCζ, which is believed to be the predominant activator of mammalian oocytes. After characterizing initiation processes that involve sperm factors or alternative triggering mechanisms, the spatiotemporal patterns of Ca²⁺ signals in fertilized oocytes or eggs are compared in a taxon-by-taxon manner, and broadly classified as either a single major transient or a series of repetitive oscillations. Both solitary and oscillatory types of fertilization-induced Ca²⁺ signals are typically propagated as global waves that depend on Ca²⁺ release from the endoplasmic reticulum in response to increased concentrations of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP₃). Thus, for taxa where relevant data are available, upstream pathways that elevate intraoocytic IP3 levels during fertilization are described, while other less-common modes of producing Ca²⁺ transients are also examined. In addition, the importance of fertilization-induced Ca²⁺ signals for activating development is underscored by noting some major downstream effects of these signals in various animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Kashir
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Level 3, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hirose M, Kamoshita M, Fujiwara K, Kato T, Nakamura A, Wojcikiewicz RJH, Parys JB, Ito J, Kashiwazaki N. Vitrification procedure decreases inositol 1,4,5-trisphophate receptor expression, resulting in low fertility of pig oocytes. Anim Sci J 2013; 84:693-701. [PMID: 23607492 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although cryopreservation of mammalian oocytes is an important technology, it is well known that unfertilized oocytes, especially in pigs, are highly sensitive to low temperature and that cryopreserved oocytes show low fertility and developmental ability. The aim of the present study was to clarify why porcine in vitro matured (IVM) oocytes at the metaphase II (MII) stage showed low fertility and developmental ability after vitrification. In vitro matured cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were vitrified with Cryotop and then evaluated for fertility through in vitro fertilization (IVF). Although sperm-penetrated oocytes were observed to some extent (30-40%), the rate of pronuclear formation was low (9%) and none of them progressed to the two-cell stage. The results suggest that activation ability of cryopreserved oocytes was decreased by vitrification. We examined the localization and expression level of the type 1 inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor (IP3 R1), the channel responsible for Ca(2+) release during IVF in porcine oocytes. Localization of IP3 R1 close to the plasma membrane and total expression level of IP3 R1 protein were both decreased by vitrification. In conclusion, our present study indicates that vitrified-warmed porcine COCs showed a high survival rate but low fertility after IVF. This low fertility seems to be due to the decrease in IP3 R1 by the vitrification procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Hirose
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jiao GZ, Cao XY, Cui W, Lian HY, Miao YL, Wu XF, Han D, Tan JH. Developmental potential of prepubertal mouse oocytes is compromised due mainly to their impaired synthesis of glutathione. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58018. [PMID: 23469259 PMCID: PMC3585726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although oocytes from prepubertal animals are found less competent than oocytes from adults, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Using the mouse oocyte model, this paper has tested the hypothesis that the developmental potential of prepubertal oocytes is compromised due mainly to their impaired potential for glutathione synthesis. Oocytes from prepubertal and adult mice, primed with or without eCG, were matured in vitro and assessed for glutathione synthesis potential, oxidative stress, Ca2+ reserves, fertilization and in vitro development potential. In unprimed mice, abilities for glutathione synthesis, activation, male pronuclear formation, blastocyst formation, cortical granule migration and polyspermic block were all compromised significantly in prepubertal compared to adult oocytes. Cysteamine and cystine supplementation to maturation medium significantly promoted oocyte glutathione synthesis and blastocyst development but difference due to maternal age remained. Whereas reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels increased, Ca2+ storage decreased significantly in prepubertal oocytes. Levels of both catalytic and modifier subunits of the γ-glutamylcysteine ligase were significantly lower in prepubertal than in adult oocytes. Maternal eCG priming improved all the parameters and eliminated the age difference. Together, the results have confirmed our hypothesis by showing that prepubertal oocytes have a decreased ability to synthesize glutathione leading to an impaired potential to reduce ROS and to form male pronuclei and blastocysts. The resulting oxidative stress decreases the intracellular Ca2+ store resulting in impaired activation at fertilization, and damages the microfilament network, which affects cortical granule redistribution leading to polyspermy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Zhong Jiao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yan Cao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Cui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua-Yu Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Long Miao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Fen Wu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Han
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-He Tan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an City, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lee B, Palermo G, Machaca K. Downregulation of store-operated Ca2+ entry during mammalian meiosis is required for the egg-to-embryo transition. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:1672-81. [PMID: 23424198 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.121335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A specialized Ca(2+) transient at fertilization represents the universal driver for the egg-to-embryo transition. Ca(2+) signaling remodels during oocyte maturation to endow the egg with the capacity to produce the specialized Ca(2+) transient at fertilization, which takes the form of a single (e.g. Xenopus) or multiple (e.g. mouse) Ca(2+) spikes depending on the species. Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) is the predominant Ca(2+) influx pathway in vertebrate oocytes, and in Xenopus SOCE completely inactivates during meiosis. Here, we show that SOCE is downregulated during mouse meiosis, but remains active in mature metaphase II eggs. SOCE inhibition is due to a decreased ability of the Ca(2+) sensor STIM1 to translocate to the cortical endoplasmic reticulum domain and due to internalization of Orai1. Reversing SOCE downregulation by overexpression of STIM1 and Orai1 prolongs the Ca(2+) oscillations at egg activation and disrupts the egg-to-embryo transition. Thus, SOCE downregulation during mammalian oocyte maturation is a crucial determinant of the fertilization-specific Ca(2+) transient, egg activation and early embryonic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bora Lee
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fonovich T, Magnarelli G. Phosphoinositide and phospholipid phosphorylation and hydrolysis pathways<br/>—Organophosphate and organochlorine pesticides effects<br>. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/abc.2013.33a004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
30
|
Ca(2+) homeostasis and regulation of ER Ca(2+) in mammalian oocytes/eggs. Cell Calcium 2012; 53:63-7. [PMID: 23260016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2012.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The activation of the developmental program in mammalian eggs relies on the initiation at the time of fertilization of repeated rises in the intracellular concentration of free calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)), also known as [Ca(2+)](i) oscillations. The ability to mount the full complement of oscillations is only achieved at the end of oocyte maturation, at the metaphase stage of meiosis II (MII). Over the last decades research has focused on addressing the mechanisms by which the sperm initiates the oscillations and identification of the channels that mediate intracellular Ca(2+) release. This review will describe the up-to-date knowledge of other aspects of Ca(2+) homeostasis in mouse oocytes, such as the mechanisms that transport Ca(2+) out of the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the Ca(2+) store of the oocyte/egg, into other organelles and also those that extrude Ca(2+). Evidence pointing to channels in the plasma membrane that mediate Ca(2+) entry from the extracellular milieu, which is required for the persistence of the oscillations, is also discussed, along with the modifications that these mechanisms undergo during maturation. Lastly, we highlight areas where additional research is needed to obtain a better understating of the molecules and mechanisms that regulate Ca(2+) homeostasis in this unique Ca(2+) signaling system.
Collapse
|
31
|
Miao YL, Williams CJ. Calcium signaling in mammalian egg activation and embryo development: the influence of subcellular localization. Mol Reprod Dev 2012; 79:742-56. [PMID: 22888043 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca(2+) ) signals drive the fundamental events surrounding fertilization and the activation of development in all species examined to date. Initial studies of Ca(2+) signaling at fertilization in marine animals were tightly linked to new discoveries of bioluminescent proteins and their use as fluorescent Ca(2+) sensors. Since that time, there has been rapid progress in our understanding of the key functions for Ca(2+) in many cell types and of the impact of cellular localization on Ca(2+) signaling pathways. In this review, which focuses on mammalian egg activation, we consider how Ca(2+) is regulated and stored at different stages of oocyte development and examine the functions of molecules that serve as both regulators of Ca(2+) release and effectors of Ca(2+) signals. We then summarize studies exploring how Ca(2+) directs downstream effectors mediating both egg activation and later signaling events required for successful preimplantation embryo development. Throughout this review, we focus attention on how localization of Ca(2+) signals influences downstream signaling events, and attempt to highlight gaps in our knowledge that are ripe for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Liang Miao
- Reproductive Medicine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
Silvestre F, Boni R, Fissore RA, Tosti E. Ca2+ signaling during maturation of cumulus-oocyte complex in mammals. Mol Reprod Dev 2011; 78:744-56. [PMID: 21656870 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.21332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Under the influence of gonadotropins or growth factors, a close cooperation develops between cumulus cells and the oocyte that is implicated in transmitting signals involved in maintaining or releasing the meiotic arrest in the oocyte. While cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate (cAMP) is a key molecule in maintaining the meiotic arrest, calcium (Ca(2+)) may play a role in controlling either spontaneous or gonadotropin-induced oocyte maturation, possibly by modulating intracytoplasmic cAMP concentrations via Ca(2+)-sensitive adenylate cyclases. This review focuses on the mechanisms related to the origin of the Ca(2+) wave that travels from the cumulus cells to the oocyte, and discusses the source of variations affecting the dynamics of this wave.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Silvestre
- Animal Physiology and Evolution Laboratory, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|