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Arshi A, Mahmoudi E, Raeisi F, Dehghan Tezerjani M, Bahramian E, Ahmed Y, Peng C. Exploring potential roles of long non-coding RNAs in cancer immunotherapy: a comprehensive review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1446937. [PMID: 39257589 PMCID: PMC11384988 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1446937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment has long been fraught with challenges, including drug resistance, metastasis, and recurrence, making it one of the most difficult diseases to treat effectively. Traditional therapeutic approaches often fall short due to their inability to target cancer stem cells and the complex genetic and epigenetic landscape of tumors. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized the field, offering new hope and viable alternatives to conventional treatments. A particularly promising area of research focuses on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and their role in cancer resistance and the modulation of signaling pathways. To address these challenges, we performed a comprehensive review of recent studies on lncRNAs and their impact on cancer immunotherapy. Our review highlights the crucial roles that lncRNAs play in affecting both innate and adaptive immunity, thereby influencing the outcomes of cancer treatments. Key observations from our review indicate that lncRNAs can modify the tumor immune microenvironment, enhance immune cell infiltration, and regulate cytokine production, all of which contribute to tumor growth and resistance to therapies. These insights suggest that lncRNAs could serve as potential targets for precision medicine, opening up new avenues for developing more effective cancer immunotherapies. By compiling recent research on lncRNAs across various cancers, this review aims to shed light on their mechanisms within the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Arshi
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Esmaeil Mahmoudi
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Dehghan Tezerjani
- Department of bioinformatics, School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Bahramian
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Yeasin Ahmed
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Chun Peng
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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2
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Liu W, Kuang T, Liu L, Deng W. The role of innate immune cells in the colorectal cancer tumor microenvironment and advances in anti-tumor therapy research. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1407449. [PMID: 39100676 PMCID: PMC11294098 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1407449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells in the colorectal cancer microenvironment mainly include macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, dendritic cells and bone marrow-derived suppressor cells. They play a pivotal role in tumor initiation and progression through the secretion of diverse cytokines, chemokines, and other factors that govern these processes. Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract, and understanding the role of innate immune cells in the microenvironment of CRC may help to improve therapeutic approaches to CRC and increase the good prognosis. In this review, we comprehensively explore the pivotal role of innate immune cells in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), alongside an extensive evaluation of the current landscape of innate immune cell-based immunotherapies, thereby offering valuable insights for future research strategies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wenhong Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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3
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Luo H, Jing H, Chen W. An extensive overview of the role of lncRNAs generated from immune cells in the etiology of cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112063. [PMID: 38677091 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the control of critical tumor-suppressor and oncogenic pathways in cancer. These types of non-coding RNAs could affect both immune and cancer cells. The thorough analysis of lncRNAs derived from immune cells and the incorporation of new findings significantly advance our understanding of the complex role of lncRNAs in the context of cancer. This work highlights the promise of lncRNAs for translational therapeutic approaches while also establishing a solid foundation for comprehending the complex link between lncRNAs and cancer through a coherent narrative. The main findings of this article are that types of lncRNAs derived from immune cells, such as MM2P and MALAT1, can affect the behaviors of cancer cells, like invasion, angiogenesis, and proliferation. As research in this area grows, the therapeutic potential of targeting these lncRNAs offers promising opportunities for expanding our understanding of cancer biology and developing cutting-edge, precision-based therapies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luo
- Department of Oncology, Yancheng Branch of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Hailiang Jing
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Yancheng Branch of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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4
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Zhang XF, Zhang XL, Wang YJ, Fang Y, Li ML, Liu XY, Luo HY, Tian Y. The regulatory network of the chemokine CCL5 in colorectal cancer. Ann Med 2023; 55:2205168. [PMID: 37141250 PMCID: PMC10161960 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2205168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokine CCL5 plays a potential role in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Previous studies have shown that CCL5 directly acts on tumor cells to change tumor metastatic rates. In addition, CCL5 recruits immune cells and immunosuppressive cells into the tumor microenvironment (TME) and reshapes the TME to adapt to tumor growth or increase antitumor immune efficacy, depending on the type of secretory cells releasing CCL5, the cellular function of CCL5 recruitment, and the underlying mechanisms. However, at present, research on the role played by CCL5 in the occurrence and development of CRC is still limited, and whether CCL5 promotes the occurrence and development of CRC and its role remain controversial. This paper discusses the cells recruited by CCL5 in patients with CRC and the specific mechanism of this recruitment, as well as recent clinical studies of CCL5 in patients with CRC.Key MessagesCCL5 plays dual roles in colorectal cancer progression.CCL5 remodels the tumor microenvironment to adapt to colorectal cancer tumor growth by recruiting immunosuppressive cells or by direct action.CCL5 inhibits colorectal cancer tumor growth by recruiting immune cells or by direct action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Feng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ya-Jing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Organ Transplant Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Meng-Li Li
- Honghui Hospital affiliated to Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xing-Yu Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hua-You Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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5
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Zhan DT, Xian HC. Exploring the regulatory role of lncRNA in cancer immunity. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1191913. [PMID: 37637063 PMCID: PMC10448763 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1191913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalanced immune homeostasis in cancer microenvironment is a hallmark of cancer. Increasing evidence demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulatory molecules in directly blocking the cancer immunity cycle, apart from activating negative regulatory pathways for restraining tumor immunity. lncRNAs reshape the tumor microenvironment via the recruitment and activation of innate and adaptive lymphoid cells. In this review, we summarized the versatile mechanisms of lncRNAs implicated in cancer immunity cycle, including the inhibition of antitumor T cell activation, blockade of effector T cell recruitment, disruption of T cell homing, recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, and inducing an imbalance between antitumor effector cells (cytotoxic T lymphocytes, M1 macrophages, and T helper type 1 cells) versus immunosuppressive cells (M2 macrophages, T helper type 2 cells, myeloid derived suppressor cells, and regulatory T cells) that infiltrate in the tumor. As such, we would highlight the potential of lncRNAs as novel targets for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-ting Zhan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hong-chun Xian
- Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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6
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Luaibi AR, Al-Saffar M, Jalil AT, Rasol MA, Fedorovich EV, Saleh MM, Ahmed OS. Long non-coding RNAs: The modulators of innate and adaptive immune cells. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154295. [PMID: 36608622 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Before very sensitive current genomics platforms were discovered, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as controllers of gene expression, were thought to be accumulated genetic garbage. The past few years have seen a lot of interest in a large classification of non-coding transcripts with an indeterminate length of more than 200 nucleotides [1]. lncRNAs' association with immunity and disease progression has been revealed by a growing body of experimental research. Only a limited subset of lncRNAs, however, has solid proof of their role. It is also clear that various immune cells express lncRNAs differently. In this review, we concentrated on the role of lncRNA expression in the regulation of immune cell function and response to pathological conditions in macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, neutrophils, Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), T cells, and B cells. The innate and adaptive immune response systems may be significantly regulated by lncRNAs, according to emerging research. To discover possible therapeutic targets for the therapy of different diseases, it may be helpful to have a better realization of the molecular mechanisms beyond the role of lncRNAs in the immune response. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate lncRNA expression and comprehend its significance for the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel Riyadh Luaibi
- Utbah bin Ghazwan High School for Girls, Al_Karkh first Directorate of Education, Ministry of Education, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Montaha Al-Saffar
- Community Health Department, Institute of Medical Technology /Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq.
| | - Mustafa Asaad Rasol
- College of Dentistry, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Eremin Vladimir Fedorovich
- Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Transfusiology and Medical, Biotechnologies, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Marwan Mahmood Saleh
- Department of Biophysics, College of Applied Sciences, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
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7
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Li HX, Wang SQ, Lian ZX, Deng SL, Yu K. Relationship between Tumor Infiltrating Immune Cells and Tumor Metastasis and Its Prognostic Value in Cancer. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010064. [PMID: 36611857 PMCID: PMC9818185 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is an important reason for the difficulty of tumor treatment. Besides the tumor cells themselves, the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the process of tumor metastasis. Tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) are one of the main components of TME and plays an important role in every link of tumor metastasis. This article mainly reviews the role of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in epithelial mesenchymal transformation, extracellular matrix remodeling, tumor angiogenesis and formation of pre-metastatic niche. The value of TIICs in the prognosis of cervical cancer, lung cancer and breast cancer was also discussed. We believe that accurate prognosis of cancer treatment outcomes is conducive to further improving treatment regimens, determining personalized treatment strategies, and ultimately achieving successful cancer treatment. This paper elucidates the relationship between tumor and TIICs in order to explore the function of immune cells in different diseases and provide new ideas for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Xiang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shu-Qi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zheng-Xing Lian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shou-Long Deng
- National Health Commission (NHC) of China Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Correspondence: (S.-L.D.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (S.-L.D.); (K.Y.)
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8
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Liu X, Li Y, Jiang X, Deng Y, Ma C, Yu Q, Gao D. Long non-coding RNA: Multiple effects on the differentiation, maturity and cell function of dendritic cells. Clin Immunol 2022; 245:109167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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A Novel Prognostic Chemokine-Related lncRNAs Signature Associated with Immune Landscape in Colon Adenocarcinoma. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:2823042. [PMID: 36393968 PMCID: PMC9649319 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2823042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines have been reported to be involved in tumorigenesis and progression and can also modulate the tumor microenvironment. However, it is still unclear whether chemokine-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can affect the prognosis of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). We summarized chemokine-related genes and downloaded RNA-seq and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A total of 52 prognostic chemokine-related lncRNAs were screened by univariate Cox regression analysis; patients were grouped according to cluster analysis results. Lasso regression analysis was applied to determine chemokine-related lncRNAs to construct a risk model for further research. This study first investigated the differences between the prognosis and immune status of two chemokine-related lncRNAs clusters by consensus clustering. Then, using various algorithms, we obtained ten chemokine-related lncRNAs to construct a new prognostic chemokine-related lncRNAs risk model. The risk model's predictive efficiency, validity, and accuracy were further validated and determined in the test and training cohorts. Furthermore, this risk model played a vital role in predicting immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint gene expression, tumor mutational burden (TMB), immunotherapy score, and drug sensitivity in COAD patients. These findings elucidated the critical role of novel prognostic chemokine-related lncRNAs in prognosis, immune landscape, and drug therapy, thereby providing valuable insights for prognosis assessment and personalized treatment strategies for COAD patients.
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10
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Jia SN, Han YB, Yang R, Yang ZC. Chemokines in colon cancer progression. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:400-407. [PMID: 35183412 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer is a major human cancer accounting for about a tenth of all cancer cases thus making it among the top three cancers in terms of incidence as well as mortality. Metastasis to distant organs, particularly to liver, is the primary reason for associated mortality. Chemokines, the chemo-attractants for various immune cells, have increasingly been reported to be involved in cancer initiation and progression, including in colon cancer. Here we discuss the available knowledge on the role of several chemokines, such as, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL8 in colon cancer progression. CCL20 is one chemokine with emerging evidence for its role in influencing colon cancer tumor microenvironment through the documents effects on fibroblasts, macrophages and immune cells. We focus on CCL20 and its receptor CCR6 as promising factors that affect multiple levels of colon cancer progression. They interact with several cytokines and TLR receptors leading to increased aggressiveness, as supported by multitude of evidence from in vitro, in vivo studies as well as human patient samples. CCL20-CCR6 bring about their biological effects through regulation of several signaling pathways, including, ERK and NF-κB pathways, in addition to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Signaling involving CCL20-CCR6 has profound effect on colon cancer hepatic metastasis. Combined with elevated CCL20 levels in colon tumors and metastatic patients, the above information points to a need for further evaluation of chemokines as diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Nan Jia
- Department of HepatoPancreatoBiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Ying-Bo Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Ze-Cheng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, China.
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11
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Interplays between non-coding RNAs and chemokines in digestive system cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113237. [PMID: 35716438 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Within tumors, chemokines and their cognate receptors are expressed by infiltrated leukocytes, cancerous cells, and related cells of stroma, like tumor-associated fibroblasts and tumor-associated macrophages. In malignancies, the altered expression of chemokines/chemokine receptors governs leukocyte infiltration and activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) contribute to multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes. Some miRNAs can exert anti-tumorigenic activity in digestive system malignancies by repressing the expression of tumor-promoting chemokines/chemokine receptors or by upregulating tumor-suppressing chemokines/chemokine receptors. However, many miRNAs exert pro-tumorigenic activity by suppressing the expression of chemokines/chemokine receptors or by upregulating tumor-promoting chemokines/chemokine receptors. LncRNA and circRNAs also exert pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects by targeting downstream miRNAs influencing the expression of tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressor chemokines/chemokine receptors. On the other side, some chemokines influence the expression of ncRNAs affecting tumor formation. The current review explains the communications between ncRNAs and chemokines/chemokine receptors in certain digestive system malignancies, such as gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers and hepatocellular carcinoma to gain better insights into their basic crosstalk as well as possible therapeutic modalities.
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12
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MALAT1-related signaling pathways in colorectal cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:126. [PMID: 35305641 PMCID: PMC8933897 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02540-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal and prevalent solid malignancies worldwide. There is a great need of accelerating the development and diagnosis of CRC. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) as transcribed RNA molecules play an important role in every level of gene expression. Metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript‐1 (MALAT1) is a highly conserved nucleus-restricted lncRNA that regulates genes at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. High expression of MALAT1 is closely related to numerous human cancers. It is generally believed that MALAT1 expression is associated with CRC cell proliferation, tumorigenicity, and metastasis. MALAT1 by targeting multiple signaling pathways and microRNAs (miRNAs) plays a pivotal role in CRC pathogenesis. Therefore, MALAT1 can be a potent gene for cancer prediction and diagnosis. In this review, we will demonstrate signaling pathways associated with MALAT1 in CRC.
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Arora S, Khan S, Zaki A, Tabassum G, Mohsin M, Bhutto HN, Ahmad T, Fatma T, Syed MA. Integration of chemokine signaling with non-coding RNAs in tumor microenvironment and heterogeneity in different cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:720-736. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Wang X, Wang X, Xu M, Sheng W. Emerging Roles of Long Noncoding RNAs in Immuno-Oncology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722904. [PMID: 34900986 PMCID: PMC8655840 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), defined as ncRNAs no longer than 200 nucleotides, play an important role in cancer development. Accumulating research on lncRNAs offers a compelling new aspect of genome modulation, in which they are involved in chromatin remodeling, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, and cross-talk with other nucleic acids. Increasing evidence suggests that lncRNAs reshape the tumor microenvironment (TME), which accounts for tumor development and progression. At the same time, the insightful findings on lncRNAs in immune recognition and evasion in tumor-infiltrating immune cells raise concerns with regard to immuno-oncology. In this review, we describe the essential characteristics of lncRNAs, elucidate functions of immune components engaged in tumor surveillance, and present some instructive examples in this new area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Midie Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqi Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Tumour microenvironment: a non-negligible driver for epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. Expert Rev Mol Med 2021; 23:e16. [PMID: 34758892 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2021.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains the leading cause of death worldwide, and metastasis is still the major cause of treatment failure for cancer patients. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to play a critical role in the metastasis cascade of epithelium-derived carcinoma. Tumour microenvironment (TME) refers to the local tissue environment in which tumour cells produce and live, including not only tumour cells themselves, but also fibroblasts, immune and inflammatory cells, glial cells and other cells around them, as well as intercellular stroma, micro vessels and infiltrated biomolecules from the nearby areas, which has been proved to widely participate in the occurrence and progress of cancer. Emerging and accumulating studies indicate that, on one hand, mesenchymal cells in TME can establish 'crosstalk' with tumour cells to regulate their EMT programme; on the other, EMT-tumour cells can create a favourable environment for their own growth via educating stromal cells. Recently, our group has conducted a series of studies on the interaction between tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in TME, confirming that the interaction between TAMs and CRC cells mediated by cytokines or exosomes can jointly promote the metastasis of CRC by regulating the EMT process of tumour cells and the M2-type polarisation process of TAMs. Herein, we present an overview to describe the current knowledge about EMT in cancer, summarise the important role of TME in EMT, and provide an update on the mechanisms of TME-induced EMT in CRC, aiming to provide new ideas for understanding and resisting tumour metastasis.
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16
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The effect of COVID-19 derived cytokine storm on cancer cells progression: double-edged sword. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:605-615. [PMID: 34657251 PMCID: PMC8520341 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06800-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV2) was first detected in Wuhan, China in December, 2019. The emerging virus causes a respiratory illness, that can trigger a cytokine storm in the body. METHOD Cytokine storm in patient's body is associated with severe forms of disease. It is one of the main complications of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), in which immune cells play a major role. Studies have shown immune cells in the tumor environment can be effective to induce resistance to chemotherapy in cancer patients. RESULT Therefore, considering the role of immune cells to induce cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients, and their role to cause resistance to chemotherapy, they are effective on disease progression and creation of severe form of disease. CONCLUSION By examining the signaling pathways and inducing resistance to chemotherapy in tumor cells and the cells affect them, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of severe forms of the disease in cancer patients with COVID-19; it is applicable using target therapy and other subsequent treatment strategies.
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Potential Roles of Exosomal lncRNAs in the Intestinal Mucosal Immune Barrier. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:7183136. [PMID: 34485536 PMCID: PMC8413039 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7183136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucosal immune barrier protects the host from the invasion of foreign pathogenic microorganisms. Immune cells and cytokines in the intestinal mucosa maintain local and systemic homeostasis by participating in natural and adaptive immunity. Deficiency of the intestinal mucosal immune barrier is associated with a variety of intestinal illnesses. Exosomes are phospholipid bilayer nanovesicles that allow cell-cell communication by secreting physiologically active substances including proteins, lipids, transcription factors, mRNAs, micro-RNAs (miRNAs), and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Exosomal lncRNAs are involved in immune cell differentiation and the modulation of the immune response. This review briefly introduces the potential role of exosomal lncRNAs in the intestinal mucosal immune barrier and discusses their relevance to intestinal illnesses.
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Yan LR, Ding HX, Shen SX, Lu XD, Yuan Y, Xu Q. Pepsinogen C expression-related lncRNA/circRNA/mRNA profile and its co-mediated ceRNA network in gastric cancer. Funct Integr Genomics 2021; 21:605-618. [PMID: 34463892 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-021-00803-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The expression of pepsinogen C (PGC) is considered an ideal negative biomarker of gastric cancer, but its pathological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to analyze competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks related to PGC expression at a post-transcriptional level and build an experimental basis for studying the role of PGC in the progression of gastric cancer. RNA sequencing technology was used to detect the differential expression (DE) profiles of PGC-related long non-coding (lnc)RNAs, circular (circ)RNAs, and mRNAs. Ggcorrplot R package and online database were used to construct DElncRNAs/DEcircRNAs co-mediated PGC expression-related ceRNA networks. In vivo and in vitro validations were performed using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). RNA sequencing found 637 DEmRNAs, 698 DElncRNAs, and 38 DEcircRNAs. The PPI network of PGC expression-related mRNAs consisted of 503 nodes and 1179 edges. CFH, PPARG, and MUC6 directly interacted with PGC. Enrichment analysis suggested that DEmRNAs were mainly enriched in cancer-related pathways. Eleven DElncRNAs, 13 circRNAs, and 35 miRNA-mRNA pairs were used to construct ceRNA networks co-mediated by DElncRNAs and DEcircRNAs that were PGC expression-related. The network directly related to PGC was as follows: SNHG16/hsa_circ_0008197-hsa-mir-98-5p/hsa-let-7f-5p/hsa-let-7c-5p-PGC. qRT-PCR validation results showed that PGC, PPARG, SNHG16, and hsa_circ_0008197 were differentially expressed in gastric cancer cells and tissues: PGC positively correlated with PPARG (r = 0.276, P = 0.009), SNHG16 (r = 0.35, P = 0.002), and hsa_circ_0008197 (r = 0.346, P = 0.005). PGC-related DElncRNAs and DEcircRNAs co-mediated complicated ceRNA networks to regulate PGC expression, thus affecting the occurrence and development of gastric cancer at a post-transcriptional level. Of these, the network directly associated with PGC expression was a SNHG16/hsa_circ_0008197-mir-98-5p/hsa-let-7f-5p/hsa-let-7c-5p - PGC axis. This study may form a foundation for the subsequent exploration of the possible regulatory mechanisms of PGC in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Rong Yan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 110001, Shenyang, China
| | - Han-Xi Ding
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 110001, Shenyang, China
| | - Shi-Xuan Shen
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 110001, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Lu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 110001, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 110001, Shenyang, China.
| | - Qian Xu
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Education Department, 110001, Shenyang, China.
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Pi YN, Qi WC, Xia BR, Lou G, Jin WL. Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Biological Properties and Therapeutic Potential. Front Immunol 2021; 12:697083. [PMID: 34295338 PMCID: PMC8290853 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.697083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy (CIT) is considered a revolutionary advance in the fight against cancer. The complexity of the immune microenvironment determines the success or failure of CIT. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is an extremely versatile molecule that can interact with RNA, DNA, or proteins to promote or inhibit the expression of protein-coding genes. LncRNAs are expressed in many different types of immune cells and regulate both innate and adaptive immunity. Recent studies have shown that the discovery of lncRNAs provides a novel perspective for studying the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Tumor cells and the associated microenvironment can change to escape recognition and elimination by the immune system. LncRNA induces the formation of an immunosuppressive microenvironment through related pathways, thereby controlling the escape of tumors from immune surveillance and promoting the development of metastasis and drug resistance. Using lncRNA as a therapeutic target provides a strategy for studying and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Pi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wen-Cai Qi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Bai-Rong Xia
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Institute of Cancer Neuroscience, Medical Frontier Innovation Research Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Uthman YA, Ibrahim KG, Abubakar B, Bello MB, Malami I, Imam MU, Qusty N, Cruz-Martins N, Batiha GES, Abubakar MB. MALAT1: A Promising Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 190:114657. [PMID: 34144008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis research has emerged in recent years as one of the most important topics of debate in the discovery and development of novel anticancer therapies. Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer worldwide, has a high mortality rate due to recurrence and distant metastasis to the liver. Several non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been linked to metastatic CRC (mCRC), including the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Metastasis-Associated Lung-Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1). MALAT1 is an RNA that has been linked to tumor cell proliferation, progression, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell migration and invasion, metastasis, and survival in mammalian species. Previously, there was no convincing evidence linking MALAT1 to mCRC. Studies have shown that MALAT1 functions as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) with microRNAs (miRNAs) and interacts directly with oncogenes and proteins. This RNA also activates several signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and EMT. Meanwhile, standard chemotherapy and immunotherapy are the current treatment options for mCRC patients. However, evidence-based studies have recently demonstrated that inhibiting the MALAT1 RNA transcript can be considered as a treatment option for mCRC, highlighting the need to investigate its roles as a therapeutic target in mCRC. Thus, in this review, we looked at studies that linked MALAT1 to multiple signaling pathways implicated in mCRC, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaaqub Abiodun Uthman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria; Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria; Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Bilyaminu Abubakar
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Bashir Bello
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Malami
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Mustapha Umar Imam
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Naeem Qusty
- Medical Laboratories Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Portugal.
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Murtala Bello Abubakar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria; Centre for Advanced Medical Research and Training, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria.
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21
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Zhou LY, Lin SN, Rieder F, Chen MH, Zhang SH, Mao R. Noncoding RNAs as Promising Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Intestinal Fibrosis of Crohn's Disease: The Path From Bench to Bedside. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:971-982. [PMID: 33324986 PMCID: PMC8344842 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a major pathway to organ injury and failure, accounting for more than one-third of deaths worldwide. Intestinal fibrosis causes irreversible and serious clinical complications, such as strictures and obstruction, secondary to a complex pathogenesis. Under the stimulation of profibrotic soluble factors, excessive activation of mesenchymal cells causes extracellular matrix deposition via canonical transforming growth factor-β/Smads signaling or other pathways (eg, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition) in intestinal fibrogenesis. In recent studies, the importance of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) stands out in fibrotic diseases in that ncRNAs exhibit a remarkable variety of biological functions in modulating the aforementioned fibrogenic responses. In this review, we summarize the role of ncRNAs, including the emerging long ncRNAs and circular RNAs, in intestinal fibrogenesis. Notably, the translational potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the management of intestinal fibrosis is discussed based on clinical trials from fibrotic diseases in other organs. The main points of this review include the following: • Characteristics of ncRNAs and mechanisms of intestinal fibrogenesis • Wide participation of ncRNAs (especially the emerging long ncRNAs and circular RNAs) in intestinal fibrosis, including transforming growth factor-β signaling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition/endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and extracellular matrix remodeling • Translational potential of ncRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal fibrosis based on clinical trials from fibrotic diseases in other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Nan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Min-Hu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Hong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ren Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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22
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Natua S, Dhamdhere SG, Mutnuru SA, Shukla S. Interplay within tumor microenvironment orchestrates neoplastic RNA metabolism and transcriptome diversity. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 13:e1676. [PMID: 34109748 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous population of cancer cells within a tumor mass interacts intricately with the multifaceted aspects of the surrounding microenvironment. The reciprocal crosstalk between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME) shapes the cancer pathophysiome in a way that renders it uniquely suited for immune tolerance, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This dynamic interaction involves a dramatic reconstruction of the transcriptomic landscape of tumors by altering the synthesis, modifications, stability, and processing of gene readouts. In this review, we categorically evaluate the influence of TME components, encompassing a myriad of resident and infiltrating cells, signaling molecules, extracellular vesicles, extracellular matrix, and blood vessels, in orchestrating the cancer-specific metabolism and diversity of both mRNA and noncoding RNA, including micro RNA, long noncoding RNA, circular RNA among others. We also highlight the transcriptomic adaptations in response to the physicochemical idiosyncrasies of TME, which include tumor hypoxia, extracellular acidosis, and osmotic stress. Finally, we provide a nuanced analysis of existing and prospective therapeutics targeting TME to ameliorate cancer-associated RNA metabolism, consequently thwarting the cancer progression. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Natua
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Shruti Ganesh Dhamdhere
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Srinivas Abhishek Mutnuru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
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23
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Zhang G, Zhang C, Sun J, Xiong Y, Wang L, Chen D. Phytochemical Regulation of RNA in Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colon Cancer: Inspirations from Cell and Animal Studies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 376:464-472. [PMID: 33397676 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest an important role for RNA, especially noncoding RNA, in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. Drug development based on regulating RNA rather than protein is a promising new area. Phytochemicals are naturally occurring plant-derived compounds with chemical diversity, biologic activity, easy availability, and low toxicity. Many phytochemicals have been shown to exert protective effects on IBD and colon cancer through modulation of RNAs. The aim of this study was to summarize the advancements of phytochemicals in regulating RNA for the treatment of IBD and colon cancer. This review involves many phytochemicals, including polyphenols, flavones, and alkaloids, which can influence various types of RNAs, including microRNA, long noncoding RNA, as well as messenger RNA, by influencing a variety of upstream molecules or regulating epigenetic processes. The limitation for many current studies is that the specific mechanisms of phytochemicals regulating RNA have not been fully uncovered. Accompanied by more identified functions of RNAs, especially noncoding RNA functions, the screening of RNA-regulating phytochemicals has presented challenges as well as opportunities for the prevention and treatment of IBD and colon cancer. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Noncoding RNAs, which constitute the majority of the human transcriptional genome, play a key role in the disease state and are considered as important therapeutic targets in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colon cancer. Recent studies have shown that phytochemicals regulate the expression of many noncoding RNAs involved in IBD and colon cancer. Therefore, identifying the specific molecular mechanism of phytochemicals regulating noncoding RNA in disease models may result in novel and effective therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Zhang
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
| | - Chi Zhang
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
| | - Jia'ao Sun
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
| | - Yongjian Xiong
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
| | - Liang Wang
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
| | - Dapeng Chen
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China (G.Z., C.Z., J.S., L.W., D.C.) and Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (Y.X.)
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Long noncoding RNA: a dazzling dancer in tumor immune microenvironment. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:231. [PMID: 33148302 PMCID: PMC7641842 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01727-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of endogenous, non-protein coding RNAs that are highly linked to various cellular functions and pathological process. Emerging evidence indicates that lncRNAs participate in crosstalk between tumor and stroma, and reprogramming of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). TIME possesses distinct populations of myeloid cells and lymphocytes to influence the immune escape of cancer, the response to immunotherapy, and the survival of patients. However, hitherto, a comprehensive review aiming at relationship between lncRNAs and TIME is missing. In this review, we focus on the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs within the TIME. Furthermore, we discussed the potential immunotherapeutic strategies based on lncRNAs and their limitations.
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Fu S, Wang Y, Li H, Chen L, Liu Q. Regulatory Networks of LncRNA MALAT-1 in Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10181-10198. [PMID: 33116873 PMCID: PMC7575067 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s276022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding (lnc)RNAs are a group of RNAs with a length greater than 200 nt that do not encode a protein but play an essential role in regulating the expression of target genes in normal biological contexts as well as pathologic processes including tumorigenesis. The lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript (MALAT)-1 has been widely studied in cancer. In this review, we describe the known functions of MALAT-1; its mechanisms of action; and associated signaling pathways and their clinical significance in different cancers. In most malignancies, including lung, colorectal, thyroid, and other cancers, MALAT-1 functions as an oncogene and is upregulated in tumors and tumor cell lines. MALAT-1 has a distinct mechanism of action in each cancer type and is thus at the center of large gene regulatory networks. Dysregulation of MALAT-1 affects cellular processes such as alternative splicing, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, apoptosis, and autophagy, which ultimately results in the abnormal cell proliferation, invasion, and migration that characterize cancers. In other malignancies, such as glioma and endometrial carcinoma, MALAT-1 functions as a tumor suppressor and thus forms additional regulatory networks. The current evidence indicates that MALAT-1 and its associated signaling pathways can serve as diagnostic or prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target in the treatment of many cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijian Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yuebei People's Hospital of Shaoguan, The Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan 512025, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanzhong Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, People's Republic of China
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26
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Korbecki J, Olbromski M, Dzięgiel P. CCL18 in the Progression of Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217955. [PMID: 33114763 PMCID: PMC7663205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A neoplastic tumor consists of cancer cells that interact with each other and non-cancerous cells that support the development of the cancer. One such cell are tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). These cells secrete many chemokines into the tumor microenvironment, including especially a large amount of CCL18. This chemokine is a marker of the M2 macrophage subset; this is the reason why an increase in the production of CCL18 is associated with the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment and an important element of cancer immune evasion. Consequently, elevated levels of CCL18 in the serum and the tumor are connected with a worse prognosis for the patient. This paper shows the importance of CCL18 in neoplastic processes. It includes a description of the signal transduction from PITPNM3 in CCL18-dependent migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) cancer cells. The importance of CCL18 in angiogenesis has also been described. The paper also describes the effect of CCL18 on the recruitment to the cancer niche and the functioning of cells such as TAMs, regulatory T cells (Treg), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs). The last part of the paper describes the possibility of using CCL18 as a therapeutic target during anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korbecki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 6a St, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (M.O.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-717-841-354
| | - Mateusz Olbromski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 6a St, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (M.O.); (P.D.)
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 6a St, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (M.O.); (P.D.)
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Ignacego Jana Paderewskiego 35 Av., 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
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27
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Avisar A, Cohen M, Brenner B, Bronshtein T, Machluf M, Bar-Sela G, Aharon A. Extracellular Vesicles Reflect the Efficacy of Wheatgrass Juice Supplement in Colon Cancer Patients During Adjuvant Chemotherapy. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1659. [PMID: 32984039 PMCID: PMC7479215 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer (CC) is the third most common type of cancer, accounting for 10% of all cancer cases. Adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended in stages II–III CC. Wheatgrass juice (WGJ) from wheat seeds has high nutritional values, may induce synergistic benefits to chemotherapy and may attenuate chemotherapy-related side effects. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are subcellular membrane blebs. EVs include exosomes (generated in the endosome, in size <150 nm) and microvesicles (shed from the plasma cell membrane) provide information on their parental cells and play a role in intercellular communication. We aimed to elucidate the effects of chemotherapy administration with supportive treatment of WGJ on CC patients’ EVs characteristics. Methods EVs were isolated from the blood samples of 15 healthy controls (HCs) and 50 CC patients post-surgery, treated by chemotherapy, with or without additional daily WGJ. Blood samples were taken before, during, and at the end of chemotherapy. EVs were characterized by size, concentration, membrane antigens and cytokine content using nanoparticle-tracking analysis, western blot, flow cytometry, and protein array methods. Results EVs were found to be similar by size and concentration with reduced levels of exosome markers (CD81) on samples at the end of combined treatment (chemotherapy and WGJ). Higher levels of endothelial EVs, which may indicate impairment of the vascular endothelial cells during treatment, were found in CC patients treated by chemotherapy only compared to those with chemotherapy and daily WGJ. Also, EVs thrombogenicity was lower in patients added WGJ compared to patients who had only chemotherapy (levels of tissue factor p = 0.029 and endothelial protein C receptor p = 0.005). Following treatments, levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR-1) and the majority of growth-factors/pro-inflammatory cytokines were higher in EVs of patients treated by chemotherapy only than in EVs obtained from patients with the combined treatment. Conclusion Daily consumption of WGJ during chemotherapy may reduce vascular damage and chemotherapy-related thrombogenicity, growth factors and cytokines, as reflected by the characteristics of patient’s EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adva Avisar
- The Graduate Studies Authority, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Miri Cohen
- School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Benjamin Brenner
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tomer Bronshtein
- The Lab for Cancer Drug Delivery & Cell Based Technologies, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Marcelle Machluf
- The Lab for Cancer Drug Delivery & Cell Based Technologies, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gil Bar-Sela
- Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Cancer Center, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Anat Aharon
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.,Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Hematology Research Laboratory, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Chen L, Hu L, Zhu X, Wang Y, Li Q, Ma J, Li H. MALAT1 overexpression attenuates AS by inhibiting ox-LDL-stimulated dendritic cell maturation via miR-155-5p/NFIA axis. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2472-2485. [PMID: 32840181 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1807094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
MALAT1 is associated with dendritic cells (DCs) maturation in Atherosclerosis (AS). This article aims to demystify the role of MALAT1 in AS. We separated immature DCs (iDCs) from healthy volunteers or ApoE-/- mice. And iDCs were treated with oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to induce DCs maturation. We found that ox-LDL promoted the levels of DCs maturation markers including CD83, CD86, IL-12 and IL-6. MALAT1 and NFIA were down-regulated, whereas miR-155-5p was up-regulated in the ox-LDL-treated iDCs. Furthermore, DCs maturation was notably suppressed by MALAT1 overexpression, NFIA overexpression or miR-155-5p knockdown. Moreover, MALAT1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA to repress miR-155-5p, which controlled its down-stream target, NFIA. In addition, MALAT1 overexpression inhibited ox-LDL-stimulated DCs maturation by regulating miR-155-5p/NFIA axis. In AS mice, MALAT1 overexpression attenuated ox-LDL-stimulated DCs maturation and reduced atherosclerotic plaque area. In summary, our study demonstrates that MALAT1 overexpression attenuates AS by inhibiting ox-LDL-stimulated DCs maturation via miR-155-5p/NFIA axis. Thus, MALAT1/miR-155-5p/NFIA axis can potentially be used in the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei Anhui, 230001, P.R.China
| | - Liqun Hu
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei Anhui, 230001, P.R.China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei Anhui, 230001, P.R.China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei Anhui, 230001, P.R.China
| | - Qing Li
- The Central Laboratory of Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei Anhui, 230001, P.R.China
| | - Jian Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai, China
| | - Hongqi Li
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China; Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University , Hefei Anhui, 230001, P.R.China
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Niu M, Yi M, Dong B, Luo S, Wu K. Upregulation of STAT1-CCL5 axis is a biomarker of colon cancer and promotes the proliferation of colon cancer cells. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:951. [PMID: 32953751 PMCID: PMC7475405 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and women globally. Investigating genetic ground differences between normal and CRC tissues would be significant for identifying some key oncogenic pathways and developing anti-cancer agents. Methods Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) method was used to screen out core pathways related to the clinical traits of CRC patients. Then, multiple databases were utilized to further verify the hub genes obtained from data mining. Finally, to explore the role of hub genes in CRC, cell counting and EdU assays were performed. Results The results of the WGCNA analysis showed that a module (turquoise module) was highly related with CRC differentiation grade (R =0.53, P<0.0001). Enrichment analysis indicated that genes of the turquoise module were remarkably enriched in multiple inflammatory processes and pathways. Among all hub genes of the turquoise module, the mRNA levels of STAT1 and CCL5 were significantly higher in CRC than in normal colon tissues. STAT1 expression was highly positively correlated with the level of CCL5. The results of the cell counting, EdU, CCK-8, and CFSE staining assays showed that interfering with STAT1 and CCL5 could inhibit the proliferation of CRC cells. Conclusions Our study indicated that the STAT1-CCL5 axis is an important modulator in the development of CRC through promoting cell proliferation. Moreover, the levels of STAT1 and CCL5 might be valuable biomarkers for CRC screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Dong
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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30
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Arun G, Aggarwal D, Spector DL. MALAT1 Long Non-Coding RNA: Functional Implications. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:E22. [PMID: 32503170 PMCID: PMC7344863 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian genome is pervasively transcribed and the functional significance of many long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcripts are gradually being elucidated. Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) is one of the most well-studied lncRNAs. MALAT1 is a highly conserved nuclear retained lncRNA that is abundantly expressed in cells and tissues and has been shown to play a role in regulating genes at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in a context-dependent manner. However, Malat1 has been shown to be dispensable for normal development and viability in mice. Interestingly, accumulating evidence suggests that MALAT1 plays an important role in numerous diseases including cancer. Here, we discuss the current state-of-knowledge in regard to MALAT1 with respect to its function, role in diseases, and the potential therapeutic opportunities for targeting MALAT1 using antisense oligonucleotides and small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Arun
- Envisagenics, 101 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013, USA;
| | - Disha Aggarwal
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794, USA;
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, NY 11724, USA
| | - David L. Spector
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794, USA;
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, NY 11724, USA
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Zheng X, Ren J, Peng B, Ye J, Wu X, Zhao W, Li Y, Chen R, Gong X, Bai C, Wang Y, Zhao H, Zhang Y. MALAT1 overexpression promotes the growth of colon cancer by repressing β-catenin degradation. Cell Signal 2020; 73:109676. [PMID: 32485228 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common types of cancer and more than 80% of colon cancer cases are associated with Wnt-β-catenin signaling activation. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a multi-functional long non-coding RNA that is overexpressed in many types of cancers, including colon cancer. In this study, MALAT1 and β-catenin were found to be overexpressed in tumor samples from 62 patients with colon cancer. A positive correlation was identified between MALAT1 levels and β-catenin protein levels in tumors. MALAT1 was found to upregulate β-catenin protein levels in HCT116 and LOVO cells without changing the mRNA expression levels. β-catenin degradation was confirmed to be upregulated in MALAT1-knockdown cells and inhibited in cells overexpressing MALAT1 overexpressing. MALAT1 was then identified as a negative regulator of GSK-3β; it did so via promotion of H3K27 trimethylation of the promoter region. In conclusion, MALAT1 is an oncogene in colon cancer, which inhibits β-catenin degradation by upregulating H3K27 trimethylation and repressing GSK-3β expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Jianhua Ren
- Department of EEG and Neuromyoelectric diagnosis, Chengde Central Hospital, Chengde, Hebei 067000, China
| | - Bingjun Peng
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Junling Ye
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Xinchun Wu
- The Fourth department in Qianxi County people's Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 064308, China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Ruihui Chen
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Xue Gong
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Chengmei Bai
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Yating Wang
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China
| | - Haiyun Zhao
- Menyuan Hui Autonomous County traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810300, China
| | - Yiqing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810001, China.
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Identification of potential key mRNAs and LncRNAs for psoriasis by bioinformatic analysis using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Mol Genet Genomics 2020; 295:741-749. [PMID: 32125527 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-020-01654-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common chronic autoimmune inflammatory skin disease that involves genetic and environmental factors. To date, psoriasis is still incurable. Thus, detection of its underlying molecular mechanisms is urgent. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed on the basis of the RNA-Seq data of psoriatic and normal (NN) skin tissues to detect the key mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) implicated in psoriasis and to identify psoriasis-related gene modules. Subsequently, 23 independent modules were obtained, and the pink module that contained differentially expressed 212 mRNAs and 100 LncRNAs was the most remarkable. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between psoriasis and healthy control in other RNA-Seq and microarray datasets were integrated to identify convinced psoriasis-associated genes. A total of 312 genes in the pink module and 613 DEGs were scanned. Eleven overlapped key mRNAs were identified, including two known genes (e.g., KRT15 and CCL27) and nine novel ones (e.g., ARSF, CLDN1, DACH1, LONRF1, PAMR1, RORC, SLC26A2, STS, UNC93A). A total of 11 key mRNAs were selected to construct a co-expression network to investigate potential candidate LncRNAs. Seventy-six pairs of LncRNA-mRNA co-expression relationships were found. To validate the findings, CCL27 and LncRNA-AL162231.4 expressions were detected in psoriatic and NN skin tissues. Result of RT-qPCR showed that CCL27 and LncRNA-AL162231.4 decreased in psoriatic lesions with statistical significance (P ≤ 0.05). Our study provides a new direction for elucidating the pathogenesis of psoriasis, but further experiments are still required.
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Luo Y, Yang J, Yu J, Liu X, Yu C, Hu J, Shi H, Ma X. Long Non-coding RNAs: Emerging Roles in the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol 2020; 10:48. [PMID: 32083005 PMCID: PMC7005925 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor immunosuppression may assist the immune escape of cancer cells, which promotes tumor metastasis and resistance to chemo-radiotherapy. The therapeutic strategies against tumor immunosuppression mainly focus on blocking immune checkpoint receptors, enhancing T-cell recognition and neutralizing inhibitory molecules. Although immunotherapies based on these strategies have improved the clinical outcomes, immunological nonresponse and resistance are two barriers to tumor eradication. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify new biomarkers for patient selection and therapeutic targets for the development of combination regimen with immunotherapy. Recent studies have reported that non-protein-coding modulators exhibit important functions in post-transcriptional gene regulation, which subsequently modulates multiple pathophysiological processes, including neoplastic transformation. Differentiated from microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported to be involved in various processes of the immune response in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to promote tumor immunosuppression. Currently, studies on tumor immunity regulated by lncRNAs are mainly confined to certain types of cancer cells or stromal cells. Additionally, the majority of studies are focused on the events involved in T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Although the reported studies have indicated the significance of lncRNAs in immunotherapy, the lack of comprehensive studies prevents us from exploring useful lncRNAs. In the current review, we have summarized the roles of lncRNAs in tumor immune response, and highlighted major lncRNAs as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for clinical application of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Luo
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiqiao Yang
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Chune Yu
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianping Hu
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hubing Shi
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Chen M, Chen H, Zhong Q, Liang L, Li B. lncRNA TCL6 correlates with immune cell infiltration and indicates worse survival in breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2020; 27:573-585. [PMID: 31960363 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01048-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 6 (TCL6) has been reported as a potential tumor suppressor. However, its expression and function in breast cancer remain unknown. This study was performed to investigate the expression of lncRNA TCL6 in breast cancer and its clinical significance. METHODS The survival and clinical molecular roles of TCL6 in breast cancer were analyzed. The underlying mechanism modulated by TCL6 and its correlation with immune-infiltrating cells were investigated. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were further used to confirm the prognostic role of TCL6. RESULTS TCL6 low expression was not correlated with age, clinical stage, T stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, human epidermal growth factor 2 status, but was associated with estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (PR) status and was an independent factor for worse survival (HR 1.876, P = 0.016). Specifically, low TCL6 expression correlated with worse prognosis in PR-negative patients. TCL6 could predict worse survival in luminal B breast cancer based on intrinsic subtypes. Immune-related pathways such as Janus kinase-signal transducer of activators of transcription were regulated by TCL6. Further finding revealed that TCL6 correlated with immune infiltrating cells such as B cells (r = 0.25, P < 0.001), CD8+ T cells (r = 0.23, P < 0.001), CD4+ T cells (r = 0.25, P < 0.001), neutrophils (r = 0.21, P < 0.001), and dendritic cells (r = 0.27, P < 0.001). TCL6 was also positively correlated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes infiltration and PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, and CTLA-4 immune checkpoint molecules (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that lncRNA TCL6 correlates with immune infiltration and may act as a useful prognostic molecular marker in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou College, No. 999 Donghai Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhaoyun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou College, No. 999 Donghai Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meifang Chen
- Taizhou Hospital, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanjun Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou College, No. 999 Donghai Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianyi Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou College, No. 999 Donghai Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingzhi Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou College, No. 999 Donghai Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Taizhou University, No. 381 Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China.
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Hong CH, Lin SH, Lee CH. CCL21 Induces mTOR-dependent MALAT1 Expression, Leading to Cell Migration in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma. In Vivo 2019; 33:793-800. [PMID: 31028199 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycosis fungoides (MF) is indolent, but may disseminate to leukemia. We reported that C-C motif chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21) is associated with MF invasion and progression. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), a long noncoding RNA, is associated with several cancer types, however, how it interacts with CCL21 to regulate MF progression, remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of long noncoding RNAs MALAT1, antisense noncoding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL), Hox antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), highly up-regulated in liver cancer RNA (HULC), and leukemia-associated non-coding insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor activator RNA 1 (LUNAR1) in tissues from MF was studied using polymerase chain reaction and RNA interference in MF cell line MyLa were used to address this question. RESULTS Expression of MALAT1 was selectively increased in MF tissues. C-C Chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7) expression was found to be increased in MyLa cells. CCL21 was found not only to mediate migration, but also to enhance MALAT1 and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation in MyLa cells. Knockdown of MALAT1 abrogated CCL21-mediated migration, but not mTOR activation. In contrast, mTOR inhibition reduced CCL21-mediated migration and MALAT1 expression. CONCLUSION CCL21 induced mTOR activation in MyLa cells, followed by expression of MALAT1, causing cell migration. MALAT1 and mTOR are potential therapeutic targets for MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hui Hong
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Dermatology, National Yang-Ming University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shang-Hung Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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LncRNAs with miRNAs in regulation of gastric, liver, and colorectal cancers: updates in recent years. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:4649-4677. [PMID: 31062053 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a kind of RNAi molecule composed of hundreds to thousands of nucleotides. There are several major types of functional lncRNAs which participate in some important cellular pathways. LncRNA-RNA interaction controls mRNA translation and degradation or serves as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge for silencing. LncRNA-protein interaction regulates protein activity in transcriptional activation and silencing. LncRNA guide, decoy, and scaffold regulate transcription regulators of enhancer or repressor region of the coding genes for alteration of expression. LncRNA plays a role in cellular responses including the following activities: regulation of chromatin structural modification and gene expression for epigenetic and cell function control, promotion of hematopoiesis and maturation of immunity, cell programming in stem cell and somatic cell development, modulation of pathogen infection, switching glycolysis and lipid metabolism, and initiation of autoimmune diseases. LncRNA, together with miRNA, are considered the critical elements in cancer development. It has been demonstrated that tumorigenesis could be driven by homeostatic imbalance of lncRNA/miRNA/cancer regulatory factors resulting in biochemical and physiological alterations inside the cells. Cancer-driven lncRNAs with other cellular RNAs, epigenetic modulators, or protein effectors may change gene expression level and affect the viability, immortality, and motility of the cells that facilitate cancer cell cycle rearrangement, angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. Molecular medicine will be the future trend for development. LncRNA/miRNA could be one of the potential candidates in this category. Continuous studies in lncRNA functional discrepancy between cancer cells and normal cells and regional and rational genetic differences of lncRNA profiles are critical for clinical research which is beneficial for clinical practice.
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Tang X, Qiao X, Chen C, Liu Y, Zhu J, Liu J. Regulation Mechanism of Long Noncoding RNAs in Colon Cancer Development and Progression. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:319-325. [PMID: 30900417 PMCID: PMC6433576 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.4.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and its high rates of relapse and metastasis are associated with a poor prognosis. Despite extensive research, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of CRC remain unclear. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a major type of noncoding RNAs that have received increasing attention in the past few years, and studies have shown that they play a role in many biological processes in CRC. Here, we summarize recent studies on lncRNAs associated with CRC and the signaling pathways and mechanisms underlying this association. We show that dysregulated lncRNAs may be new prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for clinical application. This review contributes not only to our understanding of CRC, but also suggests novel signaling pathways associated with lncRNAs that can be targeted to block or eradicate CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaofang Qiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanda Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaming Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Interaction between Tumor-Associated Dendritic Cells and Colon Cancer Cells Contributes to Tumor Progression via CXCL1. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082427. [PMID: 30115896 PMCID: PMC6121631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk of a tumor with its microenvironment is a critical factor contributing to cancer development. This study investigates the soluble factors released by tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs) responsible for increasing cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, cell mobility, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Dendritic cells (DCs) of colon cancer patients were collected for phenotype and CXCL1 expression by flow cytometry and Luminex assays. The transcriptome of CXCL1-treated cancer cells was established by next generation sequencing. Inflammatory chemokine CXCL1, present in large amounts in DCs isolated from colon cancer patients, and SW620-conditioned TADCs, enhance CSC characteristics in cancer, supported by enhanced anchorage-independent growth, CD133 expression and aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. Additionally, CXCL1 increases the metastatic ability of a cancer by enhancing cell migration, matrix metalloproteinase-7 expression and EMT. The enhanced CXCL1 expression in DCs is also noted in mice transplanted with colon cancer cells. Transcriptome analysis of CXCL1-treated SW620 cells indicates that CXCL1 increases potential oncogene expression in colon cancer, including PTHLH, TYRP1, FOXO1, TCF4 and ZNF880. Concurrently, CXCL1 displays a specific microRNA (miR) upregulated by the prototypical colon cancer onco-miR miR-105. Analysis of publicly available data reveals CXCL1-driven oncogenes and miR-105 have a negative prognostic impact on the outcome of colon cancer. This study indicates a new mechanism by which the colon cancer milieu exploits DC plasticity to support cancer progression.
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Zhang W, Wang J, Chai R, Zhong G, Zhang C, Cao W, Yan L, Zhang X, Xu Z. Hypoxia-regulated lncRNA CRPAT4 promotes cell migration via regulating AVL9 in clear cell renal cell carcinomas. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4537-4545. [PMID: 30122945 PMCID: PMC6082348 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s169155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are proven to be key regulators in cancer biology. Our screening effort for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) prognosis-associated lncRNAs identified a novel lncRNA, ccRCC prognosis-associated transcript 4 (CRPAT4), as one of the top candidates that was previously uncharacterized. The aim of this study was to verify the clinical significance of CRPAT4 in ccRCC patients and to explore its biological role as well as the underlying mechanisms, in ccRCC cell lines. Materials and methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to demonstrate that CRPAT4 was differentially expressed between ccRCC and the normal controls and that high CRPAT4 expression significantly associated with advanced Fuhrman nuclear grades. Results Kaplan–Meier survival analysis with The Cancer Genome Atlas KIRC RNA sequencing data indicated that high CRPAT4 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival and progression-free survival. Functional studies indicated that CRPAT4 was an HIF-1α regulated gene, and CRPAT4 knockdown significantly inhibited cell migration and proliferation in the absence of HIF-1α. In addition, a mechanistic study revealed that CRPAT4 could regulate the expression of the migration-associated protein AVL9. Conclusion Collectively, our study first identified CRPAT4 as a hypoxia-regulated lncRNA, acting as an oncogene in ccRCC progression via regulating AVL9 protein, thus expanding our knowledge on the hypoxia pathway in ccRCC biology from a noncoding perspective. Moreover, CRPAT4 has the potential to be a prognostic marker in ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jue Wang
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Chai
- Department of First Operating Room, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxin Zhong
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wenjia Cao
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhonghua Xu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China,
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Wu C, Zhu X, Tao K, Liu W, Ruan T, Wan W, Zhang C, Zhang W. MALAT1 promotes the colorectal cancer malignancy by increasing DCP1A expression and miR203 downregulation. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:1421-1431. [PMID: 29964337 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA MALAT1 has been proved to promote the cell proliferation, drug resistance, invasion, and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) in vitro and in vivo by regulating the expression of various oncogenes and their protein products. Our previous work discovered that the expression of the mRNA-decapping enzymes 1a (DCP1A) is upregulated in CRCs. However, the relationships between MALAT1 and DCP1A in the development of CRC and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which MALAT1 and DCP1A may be linked to contribute to the malignancies of CRCs. We found that DCP1A is a direct target molecule of MALAT1. Moreover, by screening the downstream genes of MALAT1, we noticed that microRNA 203(miR203), an oncogene suppressor in numerous cancers, is inversely correlated to both MALAT1 and DCP1A expressions. Following MALAT1 knockdown, we observed overexpression of miR203 accompanied with DCP1A downregulation to a level that reversed the promoted cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro and in vivo, which could be restored by miR203 knockdown or DCP1A overexpression. These results proposed a new molecular mechanism of MALAT-miR203-DCP1A axis which is involved with the development and contributes to the malignancy of colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqing Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tuo Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenze Wan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weikang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Chen W, Zhao W, Chen S, Zhang L, Guo Z, Wang L, Wang J, Wan Z, Hong Y, Yu L. Expression and correlation of MALAT1 and SOX9 in non-small cell lung cancer. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2018; 12:2284-2291. [PMID: 29896925 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. MALAT1 and SOX9 have important roles in tumour formation and development in several types of cancers. However, little is known about the function and co-relationship of these 2 factors in NSCLC in vivo. OBJECTIVES To explore the role of MALAT1 and SOX9 expression relationship, their clinical pathological characteristics and OS on NSCLC patients. METHODS Paired of primary lung cancer tissues and the matched tumour adjacent tissues were collected in 121 NSCLC patients. MALAT1 and SOX9 mRNA expression was measured by SYBR green q RT-PCR assay. SOX-9 protein expression was measured by streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) staining method. RESULTS MALAT1and SOX9 expression was higher in NSCLC tissues than the adjacent tissues, and they have positive correlation. Moreover, SOX9 protein expression was higher in NSCLC tissues, especially in MALAT1 mRNA higher expressed NSCLC tissues. MALAT1 and SOX9 mRNA expression were associated with age (x2 =11.474, P = .009), tumour size (x2 =26.839, P = .000), TNM stage (x2 =8.010, P = .046) and LEL. (x2 =53.908, P = .000). NSCLC patients with higher MALAT1 and SOX9 mRNA expression had poorer OS rates. CONCLUSIONS MALAT1 and SOX9 could be used as prognostic co-biomarker in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongying Guo
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jipeng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongren Wan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongqing Hong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Guan F, Tabrizian T, Novaj A, Nakanishi M, Rosenberg DW, Huffman DM. Dietary Walnuts Protect Against Obesity-Driven Intestinal Stem Cell Decline and Tumorigenesis. Front Nutr 2018; 5:37. [PMID: 29904634 PMCID: PMC5990619 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity can negatively impact intestinal homeostasis, and increase colon cancer risk and related mortality. Thus, given the alarmingly high rates of obesity in the US and globally, it is critical to identify practical strategies that can break the obesity-cancer link. Walnuts have been increasingly recognized to mitigate cancer risk, and contain many bioactive constituents with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that could potentially counteract pathways thought to be initiators of obesity-related cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if walnuts could preserve intestinal homeostasis, and attenuate tumorigenesis and growth in the context of obesity and a high calorie diet. To this end, we studied effects of walnuts on these parameters under different dietary conditions in wildtype mice, two independent Apc models (Apc1638N/+ and ApcΔ14), and in MC38 colon cancer cells in vivo, respectively. Walnuts did not alter the metabolic phenotype or intestinal morphology in normal mice fed either a low-fat diet (LFD), LFD with 6% walnuts (LFD+W), high-fat diet (HFD), or HFD with 7.6% walnuts (HFD+W). However, walnuts did lead to a significant reduction in circulating CCL5 and preserved intestinal stem cell (ISC) function under HFD-fed conditions. Furthermore, walnuts reduced tumor multiplicity in Apc1638N/+ male HFD+W animals, as compared to HFD controls (3.7 ± 0.5 vs. 2.5 ± 0.3; P = 0.015), tended to reduce the number of adenocarcinomas (0.67 ± 0.16 vs. 0.29 ± 0.12; P = 0.07), and preferentially limited tumor growth in ApcΔ14 male mice (P = 0.019) fed a high-calorie western-style diet. In summary, these data demonstrate that walnuts confer significant protection against intestinal tumorigenesis and growth and preserve ISC function in the context of a high-calorie diet and obesity. Thus, these data add to the accumulating evidence connecting walnuts as a potentially effective dietary strategy to break the obesity-colon cancer link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxia Guan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tahmineh Tabrizian
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Ardijana Novaj
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Masako Nakanishi
- School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Daniel W Rosenberg
- School of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Derek M Huffman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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Amodio N, Raimondi L, Juli G, Stamato MA, Caracciolo D, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. MALAT1: a druggable long non-coding RNA for targeted anti-cancer approaches. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:63. [PMID: 29739426 PMCID: PMC5941496 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0606-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The deeper understanding of non-coding RNAs has recently changed the dogma of molecular biology assuming protein-coding genes as unique functional biological effectors, while non-coding genes as junk material of doubtful significance. In the last decade, an exciting boom of experimental research has brought to light the pivotal biological functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), representing more than the half of the whole non-coding transcriptome, along with their dysregulation in many diseases, including cancer.In this review, we summarize the emerging insights on lncRNA expression and functional role in cancer, focusing on the evolutionary conserved and abundantly expressed metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) that currently represents the best characterized lncRNA. Altogether, literature data indicate aberrant expression and dysregulated activity of MALAT1 in human malignancies and envision MALAT1 targeting as a novel treatment strategy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Lavinia Raimondi
- IRCSS Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giada Juli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Angelica Stamato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Caracciolo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Zhao M, Wang S, Li Q, Ji Q, Guo P, Liu X. MALAT1: A long non-coding RNA highly associated with human cancers. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:19-26. [PMID: 29928382 PMCID: PMC6006327 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), a well-known lncRNA associated with numerous diseases, particularly cancer, has received increased attention. The expression of MALAT1 was determined to be upregulated in numerous types of tumors and MALAT1 exhibited effects on tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. The abnormal expression of MALAT1 was identified in almost in every organ of the digestive system. MALAT1 performed an important role in the pathological alterations of organs that are associated with sex hormones and several reproductive system cancers. MALAT1 participates in molecular pathways. In the clinical application of MALAT1, MALAT1 was considered as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prediction of cancers, and may also serve as therapeutic target for treatment of specific tumors. This review summarizes the abnormal expression of MALAT1 in cancer, its significant effect on the primary features of cancer, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of MALAT1 in various cancers. According to studies on MALAT1, we introduce the upstream and downstream substances associated with the function of MALAT1. These reviewed studies promote the clinical application of MALAT1 in the aspect of diagnosis and treatment of different cancers, and may help point out new study directions for MALAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Zhengzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zhengzhou 450007, P.R. China
| | - Songpo Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Qing Ji
- Department of Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Piaoting Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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Liao D, Lv G, Wang T, Min J, Wang Y, Liu S. Prognostic value of long non-coding RNA BLACAT1 in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:47. [PMID: 29599647 PMCID: PMC5870533 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0544-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to have potential diagnostic and prognostic values for numerous cancers. However, the plasma expression of lncRNA BLACAT1 and its clinical value in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remain unknown. Methods The expression profile of BLACAT1 in 87 PTC patients (case group) and 36 patients with nodular goiter (control group) were investigated by qRT-PCR. The Kaplan–Meier method was used for RFS curves, and the univariate survival differences were analyzed by the log-rank test. Results BLACAT1 expression was downregulated in the plasma of case group compared with control group (P = 0.003). We also found that low plasma BLACAT1 expression was correlated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that BLACAT1 was an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis and gender (P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve for BLACAT1 was 0.825 in LNM prediction (P < 0.001). Conclusion The present study demonstrated that BLACAT1 could act as a possible suppressor gene in PTC and may serve as a potential biomarker for prognosis prediction of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denghui Liao
- 1Department of Endocrinology and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400043 China
| | - Gang Lv
- 1Department of Endocrinology and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400043 China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400021 China
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Breast and Thyroid, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400021 China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400021 China
| | - Shengchun Liu
- 1Department of Endocrinology and Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400043 China
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Abstract
Majority of the human genome is transcribed into RNAs with absent or limited protein-coding potential. microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two major families of the non-protein-coding transcripts. miRNAs and lncRNAs can regulate fundamental cellular processes via diverse mechanisms. The expression and function of miRNAs and lncRNAs are tightly regulated in development and physiological homeostasis. Dysregulation of miRNAs and lncRNAs is critical to pathogenesis of human disease. Moreover, recent evidence indicates a cross talk between miRNAs and lncRNAs. Herein we review recent advances in the biology of miRNAs and lncRNAs with respect to the above aspects. We focus on their roles in cancer, respiratory disease, and neurodegenerative disease. The complexity, flexibility, and versatility of the structures and functions of miRNAs and lncRNAs demand integration of experimental and bioinformatics tools to acquire sufficient knowledge for applications of these noncoding RNAs in clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xue
- Xuzhou College of Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Zhuo
- Kadlec Regional Medical Center, 888 Swift Boulevard, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Bin Shan
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University Spokane, 1495, Spokane, WA, 99210-1495, USA.
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Wang W, Zhu Y, Li S, Chen X, Jiang G, Shen Z, Qiao Y, Wang L, Zheng P, Zhang Y. Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 promotes malignant development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting β-catenin via Ezh2. Oncotarget 2018; 7:25668-82. [PMID: 27015363 PMCID: PMC5041935 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidences have shown that lncRNAs involve in the initiation and progression of various cancers including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aberrant expression of lncRNA MALAT1 was investigated in 106 paired ESCC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues by qRT-PCR. Down-regulated MALAT1 and Ezh2 over-expression plasmid were constructed respectively to analyze the expression of β-catenin, Lin28 and Ezh2 genes. We found that the MALAT1 expression level was higher in human ESCC tissues (P=0.0011), which was closely correlated with WHO grade (P=0.0395, P=0.0331), lymph node metastasis (P=0.0213) and prognosis (P=0.0294). Silencing of MALAT1 expression inhibited cell proliferation, migration and tumor sphere formation, while increasing cell apoptosis of esophageal cancer in vitro. Down-regulation of MALAT1 decreased the expression of β-catenin, Lin28 and Ezh2 genes, while over-expressed Ezh2 combined with MALAT1 down-regulation completely reversed the si-MALAT1-mediated repression of β-catenin and Lin28 in esophageal cancer cells. Animal experiments showed that knockdown of MALAT1 decreased tumor formation and improved survival. MALAT1 promotes the initiation and progression of ESCC, suggesting that inhibition of MALAT1 might be a potential target for treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.,The Third People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Yunan Zhu
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Sanni Li
- The Third People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
| | - Xinfeng Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.,Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Guozhong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Zhibo Shen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.,Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yamin Qiao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.,Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Pengyuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 470000, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.,Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.,Engineering Key Laboratory for Cell Therapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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Nishizawa Y, Konno M, Asai A, Koseki J, Kawamoto K, Miyoshi N, Takahashi H, Nishida N, Haraguchi N, Sakai D, Kudo T, Hata T, Matsuda C, Mizushima T, Satoh T, Doki Y, Mori M, Ishii H. Hypoxia stimulates the cytoplasmic localization of oncogenic long noncoding RNA LINC00152 in colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:453-460. [PMID: 29345294 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a pivotal role in almost all physiological cellular processes, including every stage of cancer development. Given that hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment is involved in the malignant behavior of tumors, such as invasion and metastasis, we investigated the cytoplasmic and nuclear localization of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer cells. A cell culture under hypoxic conditions revealed several lncRNAs, such as LINC00152, whose levels were increased in the cytoplasm of colorectal cancer cells. A database study indicated that LINC00152 shares microRNA-binding sites, such as miR-138 and miR-193, with the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1), thus suggesting that LINC00152 could possibly function as a competing endogenous RNA that can augment Hif1 translation in the cytoplasm of hypoxic colorectal cancer cells. Moreover, the data presented in the studies of surgically resected samples showed that patients with colorectal cancer exhibiting high LINC00152 expression were associated with a worsened survival rate; this supports the suggested oncogenic function of LINC00152 in the cytoplasm under hypoxic conditions. The present study demonstrated that lncRNA networks could provide diagnostic tools and novel therapeutic targets against colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Nishizawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Konno
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayumu Asai
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jun Koseki
- Department of Disease Data Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koichi Kawamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norikatsu Miyoshi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naohiro Nishida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naotsugu Haraguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakai
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kudo
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taishi Hata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chu Matsuda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Mizushima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Taroh Satoh
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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49
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Luo J, Qu J, Wu DK, Lu ZL, Sun YS, Qu Q. Long non-coding RNAs: a rising biotarget in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:22187-22202. [PMID: 28108736 PMCID: PMC5400657 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common gastrointestinal cancer, with a high incidence and high mortality. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the development, invasion and metastasis, early diagnosis, prognosis, the chemoresistance and radioresistance of CRC through interference with mRNA activity, directly combining with proteins to regulate their activity or alter their localization, influencing downstream gene expression by inhibiting RNA polymerase and regulating gene expression as competing endogenous RNAs. Recent progress in next generation sequencing and transcriptome analysis has revealed that tissue and cancer-type specific lncRNAs could be useful prognostic markers. Here, the CRC-associated lncRNAs from recent studies until October 2016 are reviewed and multiple studies that have confirmed CRC-associated lncRNAs are summarized. This review may be helpful in understanding the overall relationships between the lncRNAs involved in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jian Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Kai Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Li Lu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Sheng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
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50
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Cao MX, Jiang YP, Tang YL, Liang XH. The crosstalk between lncRNA and microRNA in cancer metastasis: orchestrating the epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity. Oncotarget 2017; 8:12472-12483. [PMID: 27992370 PMCID: PMC5355358 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been demonstrated to closely associate with gene regulation and encompass the well-known microRNAs (miRNAs), as well as the most recently acknowledged long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Current evidence indicates that lncRNAs can interact with miRNAs and these interactions play crucial roles in cancer metastasis, through regulating critical events especially the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This review summarizes the types of lncRNA-miRNA crosstalk identified to-date and discusses their influence on the epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and clinical metastatic implication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ping Jiang
- Department of Implant, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao,Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology (Sichuan University), Chengdu Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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