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Marinelli Busilacchi E, Morsia E, Poloni A. Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue. Cells 2024; 13:724. [PMID: 38727260 PMCID: PMC11083575 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) acts as a dynamic organ within the bone cavity, responsible for hematopoiesis, skeletal remodeling, and immune system control. Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) was long simply considered a filler of space, but now it is known that it instead constitutes an essential element of the BM microenvironment that participates in homeostasis, influences bone health and bone remodeling, alters hematopoietic stem cell functions, contributes to the commitment of mesenchymal stem cells, provides effects to immune homeostasis and defense against infections, and participates in energy metabolism and inflammation. BMAT has emerged as a significant contributor to the development and progression of various diseases, shedding light on its complex relationship with health. Notably, BMAT has been implicated in metabolic disorders, hematological malignancies, and skeletal conditions. BMAT has been shown to support the proliferation of tumor cells in acute myeloid leukemia and niche adipocytes have been found to protect cancer cells against chemotherapy, contributing to treatment resistance. Moreover, BMAT's impact on bone density and remodeling can lead to conditions like osteoporosis, where high levels of BMAT are inversely correlated with bone mineral density, increasing the risk of fractures. BMAT has also been associated with diabetes, obesity, and anorexia nervosa, with varying effects on individuals depending on their weight and health status. Understanding the interaction between adipocytes and different diseases may lead to new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Marinelli Busilacchi
- Hematology Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (E.M.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Erika Morsia
- Hematology Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (E.M.B.); (E.M.)
- Hematology, AOU delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Poloni
- Hematology Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (E.M.B.); (E.M.)
- Hematology, AOU delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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2
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Chu T, Yang MS. A Review of Structural Features, Biological Functions and Biotransformation Studies in Adipose Tissues and an Assessment of Progress and Implications. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:12-20. [PMID: 36043732 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220827145241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Roles for adipose tissues in energy metabolism, health maintenance and disease onset have been established. Evidence indicates that white, brown and beige fats are quite different in terms of their cellular origin and biological characteristics. These differences are significant in targeting adipocytes to study the pathogenesis and prevention strategies of related diseases. The biotransformations of white, brown and beige fat cells constitute an intriguing topic worthy of further study, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the biotransformations of white, brown and beige fat cells remain to be elucidated. Hence, we herein collected evidence from studies on adipose tissue or adipocytes, and we extracted the structural features, biologic functions, and biotransformations of adipose tissue/adipocytes. The present review aimed to summarize the latest research progress and propose novel research directions with respect to adipose tissue and adipocytes. We posit that this work will provide new insights and opportunities in the effective treatment strategies for obesity, diabetes and other lipid-related diseases. It will also contribute to our knowledge of the basic biologic underpinnings of adipocyte biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chu
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao Sheng Yang
- Laboratory of Disorders Genes and Department of Pharmacology, Jishou University School of Pharmacy, Jishou 416000, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
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3
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Kim J, Park KY, Choi S, Ko UH, Lim DS, Suh JM, Shin JH. Ceiling culture chip reveals dynamic lipid droplet transport during adipocyte dedifferentiation via actin remodeling. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:3920-3932. [PMID: 36097851 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00428c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Adipocyte dedifferentiation has recently gained attention as a process underpinning adipocyte plasticity; however, a lack of suitable experimental platforms has hampered studies into the underlying mechanisms. Here, we developed a microscope-mountable ceiling culture chip that provides a stable yet tunable culture environment for long-term live-imaging of dedifferentiating adipocytes. A detailed spatiotemporal analysis of mature adipocyte dedifferentiation utilizing the culture platform and Cre-recombinase tracers revealed the involvement of dynamic actin remodeling for lipid droplet (LD) secretion during adipocyte dedifferentiation. Additionally, Hippo, Hedgehog, and PPARγ signaling pathways were identified as potent regulators of adipocyte dedifferentiation. Contrary to the belief that adult adipocytes are relatively static, we show that adipocytes are very dynamic, relying on actin-driven mechanical forces to execute LD extrusion and intercellular LD transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungwoo Choi
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ung Hyun Ko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae-Sik Lim
- National Creative Research Center for Cell Plasticity, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Myoung Suh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineering, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jennifer H Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Chu T, Yang M. Cellular transformation may be a most promising approach for the treatment of diseases: A hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2022.110917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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5
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Phenotypical Conversions of Dermal Adipocytes as Pathophysiological Steps in Inflammatory Cutaneous Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073828. [PMID: 35409189 PMCID: PMC8998946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes from the superficial layer of subcutaneous adipose tissue undergo cyclic de- and re-differentiation, which can significantly influence the development of skin inflammation under different cutaneous conditions. This inflammation can be connected with local loading of the reticular dermis with lipids released due to de-differentiation of adipocytes during the catagen phase of the hair follicle cycle. Alternatively, the inflammation parallels a widespread release of cathelicidin, which typically takes place in the anagen phase (especially in the presence of pathogens). Additionally, trans-differentiation of dermal adipocytes into myofibroblasts, which can occur under some pathological conditions, can be responsible for the development of collateral scarring in acne. Here, we provide an overview of such cellular conversions in the skin and discuss their possible involvement in the pathophysiology of inflammatory skin conditions, such as acne and psoriasis.
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6
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Abstract
Adipose tissue depots in distinct anatomical locations mediate key aspects of metabolism, including energy storage, nutrient release, and thermogenesis. Although adipocytes make up more than 90% of adipose tissue volume, they represent less than 50% of its cellular content. Here, I review recent advances in genetic lineage tracing and transcriptomics that reveal the identities of the heterogeneous cell populations constituting mouse and human adipose tissues. In addition to mature adipocytes and their progenitors, these include endothelial and various immune cell types that together orchestrate adipose tissue development and functions. One salient finding is the identification of progenitor subtypes that can modulate adipogenic capacity through paracrine mechanisms. Another is the description of fate trajectories of monocyte/macrophages, which can respond maladaptively to nutritional and thermogenic stimuli, leading to metabolic disease. These studies have generated an extraordinary source of publicly available data that can be leveraged to explore commonalities and differences among experimental models, providing new insights into adipose tissues and their role in metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Corvera
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA;
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7
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Nie F, Bi H, Zhang C, Ding P. Differentiation potential and mRNA profiles of human dedifferentiated adipose cells and adipose‑derived stem cells from young donors. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:47. [PMID: 33200799 PMCID: PMC7705993 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dedifferentiated adipose cells (DAs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are two of the primary types of stem cells derived from adipose tissue, which have been reported to possess similar characteristics, but also exhibit unique phenotypic and functional advantages. However, several reports have described inconsistent results regarding their differences in multilineage differentiation function. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies assessing their myogenic ability, or the differences in the transcriptome between the two cell types derived from lipoaspirates via tumescent liposuction from the same donors. The aim of the present study was to compare the properties and expression profiles of these cell types. Subcutaneous adipose tissue of three female patients (aged 23–30 years) with a physiological BMI (19.1–23.9 kg/m2) were obtained during tumescent liposuction of the abdomen or the thigh. The stromal vascular fraction and mature adipocytes were obtained via collagenase digestion, and ADSCs and DAs were cultured successively. To determine the differences between DAs and ADSCs after 6–7 passages, cell proliferation assays, phenotypic assessment, differentiation assays and high-throughput RNA sequencing (seq) were used. Similar cell morphologies, proliferation dynamics, surface markers and transcriptome expression profiles were observed between the DAs and ADSCs. Whilst there were notable individual differences in the osteogenic, lipogenic, chondrogenic and myogenic abilities of the DAs and ADSCs, it was difficult to determine their differentiation potential based only on the cell source. Interestingly, the myogenic ability was relatively stronger in cells with relatively weaker lipogenic ability. Only 186 differentially expressed genes between the two groups were identified using RNAseq. Several of these genes were involved in biological functions such as transcription regulation, protein translation regulation, cytokine interactions and energy metabolism regulation. The results of the present study suggested a similar functional potential of DAs and ADSCs from young donors undergoing tumescent liposuction operation in regeneration areas and the balance of the differentiative ability of the same cell populations. These data may provide a foundation for further clinical administration of stem cells derived from adipose tissues in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfei Nie
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Hongsen Bi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Pengbing Ding
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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8
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Hongfang G, Khan R, Raza SHA, Nurgulsim K, Suhail SM, Rahman A, Ahmed I, Ijaz A, Ahmad I, Linsen Z. Transcriptional regulation of adipogenic marker genes for the improvement of intramuscular fat in Qinchuan beef cattle. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 33:776-795. [PMID: 33151113 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1837847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The intramuscular fat content plays a crucial role in meat quality traits. Increasing the degree of adipogenesis in beef cattle leads to an increase in the content of intramuscular fat. Adipogenesis a complex biochemical process which is under firm genetic control. Over the last three decades, the Qinchuan beef cattle have been extensively studied for the improvement of meat production and quality traits. In this study, we reviewed the literature regarding adipogenesis and intramuscular fat deposition. Then, we summarized the research conducted on the transcriptional regulation of key adipogenic marker genes, and also reviewed the roles of adipogenic marker genes in adipogenesis of Qinchuan beef cattle. This review will elaborate our understanding regarding transcriptional regulation which is a vital physiological process regulated by a cascade of transcription factors (TFs), key target marker genes, and regulatory proteins. This synergistic action of TFs and target genes ensures the accurate and diverse transmission of the genetic information for the accomplishment of central physiological processes. This information will provide an insight into the transcriptional regulation of the adipogenic marker genes and its role in bovine adipogenesis for the breed improvement programs especially for the trait of intramuscular fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Hongfang
- Medical College of Xuchang University, Xuchang City, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Rajwali Khan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China.,Department of Livestock Management, Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Kaster Nurgulsim
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Syed Muhammad Suhail
- Department of Livestock Management, Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rahman
- Department of Livestock Management, Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmed
- Department of Livestock Management, Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Asim Ijaz
- Department of Livestock Management, Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Department of Livestock Management, Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zan Linsen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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9
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Overexpression of PLIN1 Promotes Lipid Metabolism in Bovine Adipocytes. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10111944. [PMID: 33105676 PMCID: PMC7690407 DOI: 10.3390/ani10111944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Perilipin 1 (PLIN1) is a protein encoded by the PLIN1 gene in eukaryotes. PLIN1 is a member of the PAT protein family, a family of proteins related to lipid droplet (LD) surface proteins. PLIN1 phosphorylation plays a vital role during fat metabolism of adipose tissue lipolysis and fat storage in adipocytes. However, to further explore the regulation of the PLIN1 gene on the proliferation, differentiation and lipid metabolism of bovine adipocytes. In this study, the mRNA expression of PLIN1, at day six, was the highest during bovine adipocyte differentiation. Moreover, PLIN1 can promote the proliferation and differentiation of preadipocytes in cattle. On the sixth day, after transfection with, and overexpression of, the PLIN1 gene in bovine preadipocytes via adenovirus, cell samples were collected, and transcriptome sequencing was performed. A total of 1923 differentially expressed genes were detected. Through GO and KEGG pathway analysis, the differentially expressed genes were established to be mainly enriched in the AMPK, Wnt, and PPAR signaling pathways related to fat proliferation and differentiation. In conclusion, at the transcriptional level, PLIN1 plays an important role in regulating fat proliferation and metabolism. Additionally, the sequencing results screened new differentially expressed genes related to fat metabolism, providing theoretical support for molecular breeding of Qinchuan beef cattle.
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10
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Tenti S, Correale P, Cheleschi S, Fioravanti A, Pirtoli L. Aromatase Inhibitors-Induced Musculoskeletal Disorders: Current Knowledge on Clinical and Molecular Aspects. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165625. [PMID: 32781535 PMCID: PMC7460580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have radically changed the prognosis of hormone receptor positive breast cancer (BC) in post-menopausal women, and are a mainstay of the adjuvant therapy for BC after surgery in place of, or following, Tamoxifen. However, AIs aren't side effect-free; frequent adverse events involve the musculoskeletal system, in the form of bone loss, AI-associated arthralgia (AIA) syndrome and autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In this narrative review, we reported the main clinical features of these three detrimental conditions, their influence on therapy adherence, the possible underlying molecular mechanisms and the available pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. The best-known form is the AIs-induced osteoporosis, whose molecular pathway and therapeutic possibilities were extensively investigated in the last decade. AIA syndrome is a high prevalent joint pain disorder which often determines a premature discontinuation of the therapy. Several points still need to be clarified, as a universally accepted diagnostic definition, the pathogenetic mechanisms and satisfactory management strategies. The association of AIs therapy with autoimmune diseases is of the utmost interest. The related literature has been recently expanded, but many issues remain to be explored, the first being the molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tenti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.T.); (A.F.)
| | - Pierpaolo Correale
- Medical Oncology Unit, Grand Metropolitan Hospital “Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli”, 89121 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
| | - Sara Cheleschi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.T.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0577-233471
| | - Antonella Fioravanti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 1, 53100 Siena, Italy; (S.T.); (A.F.)
| | - Luigi Pirtoli
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine-Center for Biotechnology, Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
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11
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Raza SHA, Shijun L, Khan R, Schreurs NM, Manzari Z, Abd El-Aziz AH, Ullah I, Kaster N, Shah MA, Zan L. Polymorphism of the PLIN1 gene and its association with body measures and ultrasound carcass traits in Qinchuan beef cattle. Genome 2020; 63:483-492. [PMID: 32615043 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2019-0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The PLIN1 gene produces a phosphorylated protein wrapped in lipid droplets in adipocytes. This phosphorylation assists the mobilization of fat into adipose tissue. The purpose of the experiment was to study the polymorphism of the PLIN1 gene and its relationship with the body and carcass characteristics of Qinchuan cattle to find molecular genetic markers that can be used for breeding. The expression level of the PLIN1 gene was determined in various tissues by qRT-PCR. The results showed that the highest level of PLN1 expression was found in subcutaneous fat, followed by the heart and longissimus muscle, and the lowest level was found in the kidney. Five SNP loci of the PLIN1 gene were identified in 510 Qinchuan cattle, including g.3580T>C (SNP1), g.3898G>A (SNP2), g.8333G>A (SNP3), g.10517T>C (SNP4), and g.10538G>T (SNP5). The results show that SNP1, SNP2, SNP3, and SNP4 were moderately polymorphic (0.25 < PIC < 0.5), while SNP5 was minimally polymorphic (PIC < 0.25). SNP2, SNP3, and SNP5 were within Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05), but SNP1 and SNP4 were not (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the five SNPs of the PLIN1 gene were correlated with back-fat depth, intramuscular fat, and chest depth of Qinchuan cattle. The double haplotype H2H4 in Qinchuan beef was associated with body and carcass traits. We conclude that variants mapped within PLIN1 can be used in marker-assisted selection for carcass quality and body traits in breed improvement programs for Qinchuan cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Li Shijun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Rajwali Khan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Nicola M Schreurs
- Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Zeinab Manzari
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ayman Hassan Abd El-Aziz
- Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Biological Science, Karakoram International University, Ghizer Campus, Gilgit, Baltistan 15200, Pakistan
| | - Nurgulsim Kaster
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Mujahid Ali Shah
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China.,National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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12
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Function and characterization of the promoter region of perilipin 1 (PLIN1): Roles of E2F1, PLAG1, C/EBPβ, and SMAD3 in bovine adipocytes. Genomics 2020; 112:2400-2409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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13
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Rogal J, Binder C, Kromidas E, Roosz J, Probst C, Schneider S, Schenke-Layland K, Loskill P. WAT-on-a-chip integrating human mature white adipocytes for mechanistic research and pharmaceutical applications. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6666. [PMID: 32313039 PMCID: PMC7170869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63710-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its numerous adverse health consequences have taken on global, pandemic proportions. White adipose tissue (WAT) - a key contributor in many metabolic diseases - contributes about one fourth of a healthy human's body mass. Despite its significance, many WAT-related pathophysiogical mechanisms in humans are still not understood, largely due to the reliance on non-human animal models. In recent years, Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) platforms have developed into promising alternatives for animal models; these systems integrate engineered human tissues into physiological microenvironment supplied by a vasculature-like microfluidic perfusion. Here, we report the development of a novel OoC that integrates functional mature human white adipocytes. The WAT-on-a-chip is a multilayer device that features tissue chambers tailored specifically for the maintenance of 3D tissues based on human primary adipocytes, with supporting nourishment provided through perfused media channels. The platform's capability to maintain long-term viability and functionality of white adipocytes was confirmed by real-time monitoring of fatty acid uptake, by quantification of metabolite release into the effluent media as well as by an intact responsiveness to a therapeutic compound. The novel system provides a promising tool for wide-ranging applications in mechanistic research of WAT-related biology, in studying of pathophysiological mechanisms in obesity and diabetes, and in R&D of pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Rogal
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University, Calwerstrasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Carina Binder
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Elena Kromidas
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University, Calwerstrasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Roosz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christopher Probst
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stefan Schneider
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University, Calwerstrasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Markwiesenstr. 55, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 675 Charles E. Young Drive South, MRL 3645, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peter Loskill
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
- Department of Women's Health, Research Institute for Women's Health, Eberhard Karls University, Calwerstrasse 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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14
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Yu Z, Liu S, Cui J, Song Y, Wang T, Song B, Peng P, Ma X. Early histological and ultrastructural changes in expanded murine scalp. Ultrastruct Pathol 2020; 44:141-152. [PMID: 31989853 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2020.1720876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital; Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shiqiang Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital; Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiangbo Cui
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital; Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yajuan Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital; Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital; Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Baoqiang Song
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital; Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Pai Peng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital; Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xianjie Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xijing Hospital; Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
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15
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Côté JA, Ostinelli G, Gauthier MF, Lacasse A, Tchernof A. Focus on dedifferentiated adipocytes: characteristics, mechanisms, and possible applications. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 378:385-398. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Corrales P, Vivas Y, Izquierdo‐Lahuerta A, Horrillo D, Seoane‐Collazo P, Velasco I, Torres L, Lopez Y, Martínez C, López M, Ros M, Obregon MJ, Medina‐Gomez G. Long-term caloric restriction ameliorates deleterious effects of aging on white and brown adipose tissue plasticity. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12948. [PMID: 30920127 PMCID: PMC6516146 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related increased adiposity is an important contributory factor in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and is associated with metabolic defects. Caloric restriction (CR) is known to induce weight loss and to decrease adiposity while preventing metabolic risk factors. Here, we show that moderate 20% CR delays early deleterious effects of aging on white and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT, respectively) function and improves peripheral IR. To elucidate the role of CR in delaying early signs of aging, young (3 months), middle-aged (12 months), and old (20 months) mice fed al libitum and middle-aged and old mice subjected to early-onset CR were used. We show that impaired plasticity of subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) contributes to IR, which is already evident in middle-aged mice. Moreover, alteration of thyroid axis status with age is an important factor contributing to BAT dysfunction in middle-aged animals. Both defects in WAT and BAT/beige cells are ameliorated by CR. Accordingly, CR attenuated the age-related decline in scWAT function and decreased the extent of fibro-inflammation. Furthermore, CR promoted scWAT browning. In brief, our study identifies the contribution of scWAT impairment to age-associated metabolic dysfunction and identifies browning in response to food restriction, as a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent the adverse metabolic effects in middle-aged animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Corrales
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Alcorcon‐Madrid Spain
| | - Yurena Vivas
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Alcorcon‐Madrid Spain
| | - Adriana Izquierdo‐Lahuerta
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Alcorcon‐Madrid Spain
| | - Daniel Horrillo
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Alcorcon‐Madrid Spain
| | - Patricia Seoane‐Collazo
- NeurObesity Group, Department of Physiology CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela‐Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Santiago de Compostela Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn) Madrid Spain
| | - Ismael Velasco
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Alcorcon‐Madrid Spain
| | - Lucia Torres
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Alcorcon‐Madrid Spain
| | - Yamila Lopez
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Alcorcon‐Madrid Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Alcorcon‐Madrid Spain
| | - Miguel López
- NeurObesity Group, Department of Physiology CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela‐Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Manuel Ros
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Alcorcon‐Madrid Spain
- MEMORISM Research Unit Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (CSIC), University Rey Juan Carlos Madrid Spain
| | - Maria Jesus Obregon
- MEMORISM Research Unit Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (CSIC), University Rey Juan Carlos Madrid Spain
- Endocrine and Nervous System Pathophysiology Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIB), Centro Mixto CSIC‐UAM (Consejo Superior Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autonoma de Madrid) Madrid Spain
| | - Gema Medina‐Gomez
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Alcorcon‐Madrid Spain
- MEMORISM Research Unit Institute of Biomedical Research "Alberto Sols" (CSIC), University Rey Juan Carlos Madrid Spain
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17
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Côté JA, Gauthier MF, Ostinelli G, Brochu D, Bellmann K, Marette A, Julien F, Lebel S, Tchernof A. Characterization and visualization of the liposecretion process taking place during ceiling culture of human mature adipocytes. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10270-10280. [PMID: 30561036 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate and further characterize the process of mature adipocyte dedifferentiation. Our hypothesis was that dedifferentiation does not involve mitosis but rather a phenomenon of liposecretion. METHODS Mature adipocytes were isolated by collagenase digestion of human adipose tissue samples. Ceiling cultures were established using our six-well plate model. Cells were treated with cytosine β-d-arabinofuranoside (AraC) or vincristine (VCR), two agents blocking cell division, and were compared with vehicle. Liposecretion events were visualized by time-lapse microscopy, with and without AraC in adipocytes transducted with a baculovirus. Microscopic analyses were performed after labeling phosphorylated histone 3 and cyclin B1 in ceiling cultures. RESULTS Treatment with AraC almost entirely prevented the formation of fibroblasts up to 12 days of ceiling culture. Similar results were obtained with VCR. The antimitotic effectiveness of the treatment was confirmed in fibroblast cultures from the adipose tissue stromal-vascular fraction by proliferation assays and colony-forming unit experiments. Using time-lapse microscopy, we visualized liposecretion events in which a large lipid droplet was rapidly secreted from isolated mature adipocytes. The same phenomenon was observed with AraC. This was observed in conjunction with histone 3 phosphorylation and cyclin B1 segregation to the nucleus. CONCLUSION Our results support the notion that dedifferentiation involves rapid secretion of the lipid droplet by the adipocytes with concomitant generation of fibroblast-like cells that subsequently proliferate to generate the dedifferentiated adipocyte population during ceiling culture. The presence of mitotic markers suggests that this process involves cell cycle progression, although cell division does not occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Anne Côté
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Frédérique Gauthier
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Giada Ostinelli
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Dannick Brochu
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Kerstin Bellmann
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - François Julien
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Stéfane Lebel
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - André Tchernof
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,École de Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Cinti
- Professor of Human Anatomy, Director, Center of Obesity, University of Ancona (Politecnica delle Marche), Ancona, Italy
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19
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Soler-Vázquez MC, Mera P, Zagmutt S, Serra D, Herrero L. New approaches targeting brown adipose tissue transplantation as a therapy in obesity. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 155:346-355. [PMID: 30030977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is raising high expectations as a potential target in the fight against metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. BAT utilizes fuels such as fatty acids to maintain body temperature by uncoupling mitochondrial electron transport to produce heat instead of ATP. This process is called thermogenesis. BAT was considered to be exclusive to rodents and human neonates. However, in the last decade several studies have demonstrated that BAT is not only present but also active in adult humans and that its activity is reduced in several pathological conditions, such as aging, obesity, and diabetes. Thus, tremendous efforts are being made by the scientific community to enhance either BAT mass or activity. Several activators of thermogenesis have been described, such as natriuretic peptides, bone morphogenic proteins, or fibroblast growth factor 21. Furthermore, recent studies have tested a therapeutic approach to directly increase BAT mass by the implantation of either adipocytes or fat tissue. This approach might have an important future in regenerative medicine and in the fight against metabolic disorders. Here, we review the emerging field of BAT transplantation including the various sources of mesenchymal stem cell isolation in rodents and humans and the described metabolic outcomes of adipocyte cell transplantation and BAT transplantation in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carmen Soler-Vázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Mera
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastián Zagmutt
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolors Serra
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Maurizi G, Babini L, Della Guardia L. Potential role of microRNAs in the regulation of adipocytes liposecretion and adipose tissue physiology. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9077-9086. [PMID: 29932216 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a dynamic endocrine organ playing a pivotal role in metabolism modulation. Adipocytes differentiation requires a highly orchestrated series of changes of gene expression in precursor cells. At the same time, white mature adipocytes are plastic cells able to reversibly transdifferentiate toward fibroblast-like cells via the liposecretion process, returning back to a non-committed status of the cells. In particular, adipose tissue microenvironment along with external signaling molecules such as adipokines, cytokines and growth factors can regulate adipocytes physiology through complex molecular networks. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a type of non-coding RNA, acting as fine regulators of biological processes and their expression is sensible to the environment and cellular status changes. MiRNAs are thought to play a pivotal role in regulating the physiology of adipose tissue as well as in the development of obesity and associated metabolic disturbances, although the underlying mechanisms have not been identified so far. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms orchestrating adipose tissue biology is required to better characterize obesity and its associated diseases. In this respect, the review aims to analyze the microRNAs potentially involved in adipogenesis highlighting their role in the process of liposecretion, adipocyte proliferation, and adipokines secretion. The role of microRNAs in the development of obesity and obesity-associated disorders is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Babini
- Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lucio Della Guardia
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Medicina Sperimentale e Forense, Unità di Scienza dell'Alimentazione, Università degli studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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21
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Nicu C, Pople J, Bonsell L, Bhogal R, Ansell DM, Paus R. A guide to studying human dermal adipocytes in situ. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:589-602. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Nicu
- Centre for Dermatology Research; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | | | - Laura Bonsell
- Centre for Dermatology Research; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | | | - David M. Ansell
- Centre for Dermatology Research; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
| | - Ralf Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research; The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Manchester UK
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery; Miller School of Medicine; University of Miami; Miami FL USA
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22
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Maurizi G, Petäistö T, Maurizi A, Della Guardia L. Key-genes regulating the liposecretion process of mature adipocytes. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:3784-3793. [PMID: 28926092 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
White mature adipocytes (MAs) are plastic cells able to reversibly transdifferentiate toward fibroblast-like cells maintaining stem cell gene signatures. The main morphologic aspect of this transdifferentiation process, called liposecretion, is the secretion of large lipid droplets and the development of organelles necessary for exocrine secretion. There is a considerable interest in the adipocyte plastic properties involving liposecretion process, but the molecular details are incompletely explored. This review analyzes the gene expression of MAs isolated from human subcutaneous fat tissue with respect to bone marrow (BM)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) focusing on gene regulatory pathways involved into cellular morphology changes, cellular proliferation and transports of molecules through the membrane, suggesting potential ways to guide liposecretion. In particular, Wnt, MAPK/ERK, and AKT pathways were accurately described, studying up- and down-stream molecules involved. Moreover, adipogenic extra- and intra-cellular interactions were analyzed studying the role of CDH2, CDH11, ITGA5, E-Syt1, PAI-1, IGF1, and INHBB genes. Additionally, PLIN1 and PLIN2 could be key-genes of liposecretion process regulating molecules transport through the membrane. All together data demonstrated that liposecretion is regulated through a complex molecular networks that are able to respond to microenvironment signals, cytokines, and growth factors. Autocrine as well as external signaling molecules might activate liposecretion affecting adipocytes physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiina Petäistö
- Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Angela Maurizi
- Chirurgia Generale, ASUR Regione Marche, Ospedale "Carlo Urbani", Jesi, Italy
| | - Lucio Della Guardia
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Medicina Sperimentale e Forense, Unità di Scienza dell'Alimentazione, Università degli stui di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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23
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Mattiucci D, Maurizi G, Izzi V, Cenci L, Ciarlantini M, Mancini S, Mensà E, Pascarella R, Vivarelli M, Olivieri A, Leoni P, Poloni A. Bone marrow adipocytes support hematopoietic stem cell survival. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1500-1511. [PMID: 28574591 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In bone marrow (BM), hematopoietic elements are mingled with adipocytes (BM-A), which are the most abundant stromal component in the niche. BM-A progressively increase with aging, eventually occupying up to 50% of BM cavities. In this work, the role played by BM-A was explored by studying primary human BM-A isolated from hip surgery patients at the molecular level, through microarray analysis, and at the functional level, by assessing their relationship with primary human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) by the long-term culture initiating cell (LTC-IC) assay. Findings demonstrated that BM-A are capable of supporting HSC survival in the LTC-IC assay, since after 5 weeks of co-culture, HSC were still able to proliferate and differentiate. Furthermore, critical molecules such as C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12), interleukin (IL)-8, colony-stimulating factor 3 (CSF3), and leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), were expressed at similar levels in BM-A and in primary human BM mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSC), whereas IL-3 was higher in BM-A. Interestingly, BM-A displayed a different gene expression profile compared with subcutaneous adipose tissue adipocytes (AT-A) collected from abdominal surgery patients, especially in terms of regulation of lipid metabolism, stemness genes, and white-to-brown differentiation pathways. Accordingly, analysis of the gene pathways involved in hematopoiesis regulation showed that BM-A are more closely related to BM-MSC than to AT-A. The present data suggest that BM-A play a supporting role in the hematopoietic niche and directly sustain HSC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Mattiucci
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Maurizi
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Valerio Izzi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Cell-Matrix Research and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lorenzo Cenci
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Ciarlantini
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Mancini
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mensà
- Cardiology Unit, Italian National Research Center on Aging (INRCA-IRCCS), Experimental Models in Clinical Pathology, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Marco Vivarelli
- Hepatobiliary and Abdominal Transplantation Surgery, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Attilio Olivieri
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Pietro Leoni
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Poloni
- Dipartimento Scienze Cliniche e Molecolari, Clinica di Ematologia, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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24
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Giordano A, Perugini J, Kristensen DM, Sartini L, Frontini A, Kajimura S, Kristiansen K, Cinti S. Mammary alveolar epithelial cells convert to brown adipocytes in post-lactating mice. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2923-2928. [PMID: 28191637 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During pregnancy and lactation, subcutaneous white adipocytes in the mouse mammary gland transdifferentiate reversibly to milk-secreting epithelial cells. In this study, we demonstrate by transmission electron microscopy that in the post-lactating mammary gland interscapular multilocular adipocytes found close to the mammary alveoli contain milk protein granules. Use of the Cre-loxP recombination system allowed showing that the involuting mammary gland of whey acidic protein-Cre/R26R mice, whose secretory alveolar cells express the lacZ gene during pregnancy, contains some X-Gal-stained and uncoupling protein 1-positive interscapular multilocular adipocytes. These data suggest that during mammary gland involution some milk-secreting epithelial cells in the anterior subcutaneous depot may transdifferentiate to brown adipocytes, highlighting a hitherto unappreciated feature of mouse adipose organ plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Giordano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Ancona (Università Politecnica delle Marche), Ancona, Italy
| | - Jessica Perugini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Ancona (Università Politecnica delle Marche), Ancona, Italy
| | - David M Kristensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Loris Sartini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Ancona (Università Politecnica delle Marche), Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Frontini
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Shingo Kajimura
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of Metagenomics, BGI-Shenzen, Shenzen, China
| | - Saverio Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Ancona (Università Politecnica delle Marche), Ancona, Italy.,Center of Obesity, University of Ancona (Università Politecnica delle Marche)-United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy
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25
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Temporal Changes in Gene Expression Profile during Mature Adipocyte Dedifferentiation. Int J Genomics 2017; 2017:5149362. [PMID: 28409151 PMCID: PMC5376413 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5149362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. To characterize changes in gene expression profile during human mature adipocyte dedifferentiation in ceiling culture. Methods. Subcutaneous (SC) and omental (OM) adipose tissue samples were obtained from 4 participants paired for age and BMI. Isolated adipocytes were dedifferentiated in ceiling culture. Gene expression analysis at days 0, 4, 7, and 12 of the cultures was performed using Affymetrix Human Gene 2.0 STvi arrays. Hierarchical clustering according to similarity of expression changes was used to identify overrepresented functions. Results. Four clusters gathered genes with similar expression between day 4 to day 7 but decreasing expression from day 7 to day 12. Most of these genes coded for proteins involved in adipocyte functions (LIPE, PLIN1, DGAT2, PNPLA2, ADIPOQ, CEBPA, LPL, FABP4, SCD, INSR, and LEP). Expression of several genes coding for proteins implicated in cellular proliferation and growth or cell cycle increased significantly from day 7 to day 12 (WNT5A, KITLG, and FGF5). Genes coding for extracellular matrix proteins were differentially expressed between days 0, 4, 7, and 12 (COL1A1, COL1A2, and COL6A3, MMP1, and TGFB1). Conclusion. Dedifferentiation is associated with downregulation of transcripts encoding proteins involved in mature adipocyte functions and upregulation of genes involved in matrix remodeling, cellular development, and cell cycle.
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