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Chen X, Zhang R, Zhang Q, Xu Z, Xu F, Li D, Li Y. Magnetically Controlled 3D Cartilage Regeneration. Cartilage 2024; 15:293-302. [PMID: 37401776 DOI: 10.1177/19476035231183254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The cartilage regeneration field has not yet overcome the issue of effective "shaping": growing regenerated cartilage in the desired shape, and maintaining that shape, is problematic. This study reports on a new method of cartilage regeneration in which the cartilage is shaped in three dimensions. Since cartilage is composed only of cartilage cells and an abundant extracellular matrix with no blood circulation, once it is damaged, the lack of nutrient supply means that it is difficult to repair. Scaffold-free cell sheet technology plays an important role in cartilage regeneration, avoiding inflammation and immune response caused by scaffold materials. However, cartilage regenerated from the cell sheet needs to be sculpted and shaped before it can be used for cartilage defect transplantation. DESIGN In this study, we used a new ultra-strong magnetic-responsive Fe3O4 nanoparticle (MNP) to shape the cartilage in vitro. Super-magnetic Fe3O4 microspheres are manufactured by co-assembling negatively charged Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and positively charged Fe3+ under solvothermal conditions. RESULTS The Fe3O4 MNPs are swallowed by chondrocytes, and the MNP-labeled chondrocytes are acted upon by the magnetic field. The predetermined magnetic force makes the tissues coalesce to form a multilayer cell sheet with a predetermined shape. The shaped cartilage tissue is regenerated in the transplanted body, and the nano magnetic control particles do not affect cell viability. The nanoparticles in this study improve the efficiency of cell interaction through super-magnetic modification, and to a certain extent change the way the cells absorb magnetic iron nanoparticles. This phenomenon allows a more orderly and compact alignment of the cartilage cell extracellular matrix, promotes ECM precipitation and cartilage tissue maturation, and improves the efficiency of cartilage regeneration. CONCLUSION The magnetic bionic structure, which contains specific magnetic particle-labeled cells, is deposited layer by layer to generate a three-dimensional structure with repair function, and further induce the production of cartilage. This study describes a new method for the regeneration of tissue engineered cartilage which has broad application prospects in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruhong Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhicheng Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Datao Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyuan Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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Han JF, Feng L, Jiang WD, Wu P, Liu Y, Tang L, Li SW, Zhong CB, Zhou XQ. Exploring the dietary strategies of phenylalanine: Improving muscle nutraceutical quality as well as muscle glycogen and protein deposition in adult grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella). Food Chem X 2024; 22:101421. [PMID: 38756468 PMCID: PMC11096706 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Muscle is the main edible part of bony fish. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of phenylalanine (Phe) on muscle quality, amino acid composition, fatty acid composition, glucose metabolism, and protein deposition in adult grass carp. The diets at 2.30, 4.63, 7.51, 10.97, 13.53, and 17.07 g/kg Phe levels were fed for 9 weeks. The results manifested that Phe (10.97-13.53 g/kg) increased the pH of the fillets and decreased muscle cooking loss and lactic acid content; Phe (7.51-17.07 g/kg) improved the composition of the fillets in terms of flavor (free) amino acids, bound amino acids (especially EAA), and fatty acids (especially EPA and DHA); Phe (7.51-13.53 g/kg) increased muscle glycogen content (possibly related to the AMPK signaling pathway) and muscle protein deposition (possibly related to IGF-1/4EBP1/TOR and AKT/FOXOs signaling pathways). In conclusion, a diet with appropriate Phe levels could improve fillet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Feng Han
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Shu-Wei Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng-Bo Zhong
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 611130, China
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3
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Li G, Wang H. Novel Applications of Concentrated Growth Factors in Facial Rejuvenation and Plastic Surgery. Facial Plast Surg 2024; 40:112-119. [PMID: 36423628 DOI: 10.1055/a-1987-3459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Concentrated growth factor (CGF), which is a third-generation platelet concentrate product, exhibits good potential for repair and regeneration of soft and hard tissues, and has gradually attracted attention in the field of cosmetic plastic surgery. The purpose of this review is to summarize the application and research of CGF in the field of facial rejuvenation and plastic surgery. A comprehensive review of the literature about the applications of CGF in facial rejuvenation and plastic surgery was conducted in PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, and Web of Science. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 22 articles were included in this review. In recent years, CGF has been applied in many aspects in the field of facial rejuvenation and plastic surgery, including skin photoaging, repairment of soft-tissue defects, rhinoplasty, hair loss, autologous fat transplantation, and scars. In addition, no significant adverse reactions have been reported so far. CGF is rich in high-concentration growth factors, which has great potential and application prospects in facial rejuvenation and plastic surgery. However, the applications of CGF still have some problems, such as the mechanism, time of decomposition, and long-term efficacy and safety, which are needed to be resolved in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University West China Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University West China Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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4
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Giannotti L, Di Chiara Stanca B, Spedicato F, Nitti P, Damiano F, Demitri C, Calabriso N, Carluccio MA, Palermo A, Siculella L, Stanca E. Progress in Regenerative Medicine: Exploring Autologous Platelet Concentrates and Their Clinical Applications. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1669. [PMID: 37761809 PMCID: PMC10530962 DOI: 10.3390/genes14091669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of regenerative medicine is to achieve tissue regeneration. In the past, commonly used techniques included autologous or allogeneic transplantation and stem cell therapy, which have limitations, such as a lack of donor sites in the case of autologous transplantation and the invasiveness of stem cell harvesting. In recent years, research has, therefore, focused on new and less invasive strategies to achieve tissue regeneration. A step forward in this direction has been made with the development of autologous platelet concentrates (APCs), which are derived from the patient's own blood. They can be classified into three generations: platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and concentrated growth factors (CGFs). These APCs have different structural characteristics, depending on the distinctive preparation method, and contain platelets, leukocytes, and multiple growth factors, including those most involved in regenerative processes. The purpose of this review is to clarify the most used techniques in the field of regenerative medicine in recent years, comparing the different types of APCs and analyzing the preparation protocols, the composition of the growth factors, the level of characterization achieved, and their clinical applications to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Giannotti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (L.G.); (B.D.C.S.); (F.S.); (F.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Benedetta Di Chiara Stanca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (L.G.); (B.D.C.S.); (F.S.); (F.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Francesco Spedicato
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (L.G.); (B.D.C.S.); (F.S.); (F.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Paola Nitti
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (P.N.); (C.D.)
| | - Fabrizio Damiano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (L.G.); (B.D.C.S.); (F.S.); (F.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Christian Demitri
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (P.N.); (C.D.)
| | - Nadia Calabriso
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), 73100 Lecce, Italy; (N.C.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Maria Annunziata Carluccio
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), 73100 Lecce, Italy; (N.C.); (M.A.C.)
| | - Andrea Palermo
- Implant Dentistry College of Medicine and Dentistry, Birmingham B4 6BN, UK;
| | - Luisa Siculella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (L.G.); (B.D.C.S.); (F.S.); (F.D.); (E.S.)
| | - Eleonora Stanca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (L.G.); (B.D.C.S.); (F.S.); (F.D.); (E.S.)
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5
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Liu Y, Duan M, Zhang D, Xie J. The role of mechano growth factor in chondrocytes and cartilage defects: a concise review. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023. [PMID: 37171185 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechano growth factor (MGF), an isoform of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), is recognized as a typical mechanically sensitive growth factor and has been shown to play an indispensable role in the skeletal system. In the joint cavity, MGF is highly expressed in chondrocytes, especially in the damaged cartilage tissue caused by trauma or degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). Cartilage is an extremely important component of joints because it functions as a shock absorber and load distributer at the weight-bearing interfaces in the joint cavity, but it can hardly be repaired once injured due to its lack of blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves. MGF has been proven to play an important role in chondrocyte cell behaviors, including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammatory reactions and apoptosis, in and around the injury site. Moreover, under the normalized mechanical microenvironment in the joint cavity, MGF can sense and respond to mechanical stimuli, regulate chondrocyte activity, and maintain the homeostasis of cartilage tissue. Recent reports continue to explain its effects on various cell types and sport-related tissues, but its role in cartilage development, homeostasis and disease occurrence is still controversial, and its internal biological mechanism is still elusive. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries in the role of MGF in chondrocytes and cartilage defects, including tissue repair at the macroscopic level and chondrocyte activities at the microcosmic level, and discuss the current state of research and potential gaps in knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengmeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
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6
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Bmp5 Mutation Alters mRNA Expression During External Ear Development. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:790-796. [PMID: 36166492 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand changes in gene regulation and mRNA expression in external ear development, we used a bone morphogenetic protein 5 (BMP5) short-ear mouse model. External ear tissues at E15.5 and E17.5 were collected, and mRNA expression profiles were analyzed. Upregulated and downregulated mRNA expression was identified using find_circ and CIRI2 software. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed using the differentially expressed mRNAs. Alterations in related signal pathways were identified from the upregulated and downregulated mRNA transcripts. The results showed a correlation between the mRNA expression during external ear development in BMP5 short-ear mice, including key regulatory mRNA changes after point mutations of the Bmp5 gene. This study provides evidence for the mechanism underlying mRNA regulation during external ear development. Changes in mRNA expression profiles also provide clues for future studies regarding the regulatory mechanisms underlying external ear development.
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7
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Chwastek J, Kędziora M, Borczyk M, Korostyński M, Starowicz K. Inflammation-Driven Secretion Potential Is Upregulated in Osteoarthritic Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911817. [PMID: 36233118 PMCID: PMC9570304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint pathologies and a major cause of disability among the population of developed countries. It manifests as a gradual degeneration of the cartilage and subchondral part of the bone, leading to joint damage. Recent studies indicate that not only the cells that make up the articular cartilage but also the synoviocytes, which build the membrane surrounding the joint, contribute to the development of OA. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the response to inflammatory factors of osteoarthritic synoviocytes and to identify proteins secreted by them that may influence the progression of OA. This study demonstrated that fibroblast-like synoviocytes of OA patients (FLS-OA) respond more strongly to pro-inflammatory stimulation than cells obtained from control patients (FLS). These changes were observed at the transcriptome level and subsequently confirmed by protein analysis. FLS-OA stimulated by pro-inflammatory factors [such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) were shown to secrete significantly more chemokines (CXCL6, CXCL10, and CXCL16) and growth factors [angiopoietin-like protein 1 (ANGPTL1), fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5), and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2)] than control cells. Moreover, the translation of proteolytic enzymes [matrix metalloprotease 3 (MMP3), cathepsin K (CTSK), and cathepsin S (CTSS)] by FLS-OA is increased under inflammatory conditions. Our data indicate that the FLS of OA patients are functionally altered, resulting in an enhanced response to the presence of pro-inflammatory factors in the environment, manifested by the increased production of the previously mentioned proteins, which may promote further disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Chwastek
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Kędziora
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Borczyk
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Korostyński
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Starowicz
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence:
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8
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Xie M, Zhang Y, Xiong Z, Hines S, Shangjiang Y, Clark KL, Tan S, Alexander PG, Lin H. Generation of hyaline-like cartilage tissue from human mesenchymal stromal cells within the self-generated extracellular matrix. Acta Biomater 2022; 149:150-166. [PMID: 35779770 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chondrocytic hypertrophy, a phenotype not observed in healthy hyaline cartilage, is often concomitant with the chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). This undesired feature represents one of the major obstacles in applying hMSCs for hyaline cartilage repair. Previously, we developed a method to induce hMSC chondrogenesis within self-generated extracellular matrix (mECM), which formed a cartilage tissue with a lower hypertrophy level than conventional hMSC pellets. In this study, we aimed to test the utility of hypoxia and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) on further reducing hypertrophy. MSC-mECM constructs were first subjected to chondrogenic culture in normoxic or hypoxic (5%) conditions. The results indicated that hMSC-derived cartilage formed in hypoxic culture displayed a significantly reduced hypertrophy level than normoxic culture. However, hMSC chondrogenesis was also suppressed under hypoxic culture, partially due to the reduced activity of the IGF1 pathway. IGF1 was then supplemented in the chondrogenic medium, which promoted remarkable hMSC chondrogenesis under hypoxic culture. Interestingly, the IGF1-enhanced hMSC chondrogenesis, under hypoxic culture, was not at the expense of promoting significantly increased hypertrophy. Lastly, the cartilage tissues created by hMSCs with different conditions were implanted into osteochondral defect in rats. The results indicated that the tissue formed under hypoxic condition and induced with IGF1-supplemented chondrogenic medium displayed the best reparative results with minimal hypertrophy level. Our results demonstrate a new method to generate hyaline cartilage-like tissue from hMSCs without using exogenous scaffolds, which further pave the road for the clinical application of hMSC-based cartilage tissue engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, hyaline cartilage-like tissues were generated from human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs), which displayed robust capacity in repairing the osteochondral defect in rats. In particular, the extracellular matrix created by hMSCs was used, so no exogenous scaffold was needed. Through a series of optimization, we defined that hypoxic culture and supplementation of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in chondrogenic medium resulted in robust cartilage formation with minimal hypertrophy. We also demonstrated that hypoxic culture suppressed chondrogenesis and hypertrophy through modulating the Wnt/β-catenin and IGF1 pathways, respectively. Our results demonstrate a new method to generate hyaline cartilage-like tissue from hMSCs without using exogenous scaffolds, which will further pave the road for the clinical application of hMSCs-based cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 217, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yiqian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 217, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zixuan Xiong
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Sophie Hines
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 217, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA
| | - Yingzi Shangjiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 217, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA
| | - Karen L Clark
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 217, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA
| | - Susheng Tan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, and Petersen Institute of NanoScience and Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Peter G Alexander
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 217, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Hang Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 217, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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9
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Chen X, Xu Y, Li C, Lu X, Fu Y, Huang Q, Ma D, Ma J, Zhang T. Key Genes Identified in Nonsyndromic Microtia by the Analysis of Transcriptomics and Proteomics. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:16917-16927. [PMID: 35647449 PMCID: PMC9134388 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As one of the common birth defects worldwide, nonsyndromic microtia is a complex disease that results from interactions between environmental and genetic factors. However, the underlying causes of nonsyndromic microtia are currently not well understood. The present study determined transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of auricular cartilage tissues in 10 patients with third-degree nonsyndromic microtia and five control subjects by RNA microarray and tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics technology. Relative mRNA and protein abundances were compared and evaluated for their function and putative involvement in nonsyndromic microtia. A total of 3971 differentially expressed genes and 256 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that some of these genes and proteins showed potential associations with nonsyndromic microtia. Thirteen proteins with the same trend at the mRNA level obtained by the integrated analysis were validated by parallel reaction monitoring analysis. Several key genes, namely, LAMB2, COMP, APOA2, APOC2, APOC3, and A2M, were found to be dysregulated, which could contribute to nonsyndromic microtia. The present study is the first report on the transcriptomic and proteomic integrated analysis of nonsyndromic microtia using the same auricular cartilage sample. Additional studies are required to clarify the roles of potential key genes in nonsyndromic microtia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- ENT
institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yuexin Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education,
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic
Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chenlong Li
- Department
of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xinyu Lu
- ENT
institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yaoyao Fu
- Department
of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qingqing Huang
- Department
of Bioinformatics, Medical Laboratory of
Nantong Zhongke, Nantong, Jiangsu 226133, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Key
Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education,
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic
Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing Ma
- ENT
institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Department
of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- ENT
institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200031, China
- Department
of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- NHC
Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan
University, Shanghai 200031, China
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10
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Chen J, Huang T, Liu R, Wang C, Jiang H, Sun H. Congenital microtia patients: the genetically engineered exosomes released from porous gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel for downstream small RNA profiling, functional modulation of microtia chondrocytes and tissue-engineered ear cartilage regeneration. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:164. [PMID: 35346221 PMCID: PMC8962601 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01352-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exosomes were previously shown to be effective in articular cartilage repairing. However, whether MSCs exosomes promote mature cartilage formation of microtia chondrocytes and the underlying mechanism of action remains unknown. Additionally, some hurdles, such as the low yield and unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of natural exosomes have emerged when considering the translation of exosomes-therapeutics to clinical practices or industrial production. Herein, we investigated the roles of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) exosomes in modulating microtia chondrocytes and the underlying mechanism of action. Special attention was also paid to the mass production and functional modification of ADSCs exosomes.
Results
We firstly used porous gelatin methacryloyl (Porous Gelma) hydrogel with pores size of 100 to 200 μm for 3D culture of passage 2, 4 and 6 ADSCs (P2, P4 and P6 ADSCs, respectively), and obtained their corresponding exosomes (Exo 2, Exo 4 and Exo 6, respectively). In vitro results showed Exo 2 outperformed both Exo 4 and Exo 6 in enhancing cell proliferation and attenuating apoptosis. However, both Exo 4 and Exo 6 promoted chondrogenesis more than Exo 2 did. Small RNA sequencing results indicated Exo 4 was similar to Exo 6 in small RNA profiles and consistently upregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Notably, we found hsa-miR-23a-3p was highly expressed in Exo 4 and Exo 6 compared to Exo 2, and they modulated microtia chondrocytes by transferring hsa-miR-23a-3p to suppress PTEN expression, and consequently to activate PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Then, we designed genetically engineered exosomes by directly transfecting agomir-23a-3p into parent P4 ADSCs and isolated hsa-miR-23a-3p-rich exosomes for optimizing favorable effects on cell viability and new cartilage formation. Subsequently, we applied the engineered exosomes to in vitro and in vivo tissue-engineered cartilage culture and consistently found that the engineered exosomes could enhance cell proliferation, attenuate apoptosis and promote cartilage regeneration.
Conclusions
Taken together, the porous Gelma hydrogel could be applied to exosomes mass production, and functional modification could be achieved by selecting P4 ADSCs as parent cells and genetically modifying ADSCs. Our engineered exosomes are a promising candidate for tissue-engineered ear cartilage regeneration.
Graphical Abstract
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Sears CM, Azad AD, Amarikwa L, Pham BH, Men CJ, Kaplan DN, Liu J, Hoffman AR, Swanson A, Alyono J, Lee JY, Dosiou C, Kossler AL. Hearing Dysfunction After Treatment With Teprotumumab for Thyroid Eye Disease. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 240:1-13. [PMID: 35227694 PMCID: PMC9308628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize the frequency, severity, and resolution of hearing dysfunction in patients treated with teprotumumab for thyroid eye disease (TED). DESIGN Prospective observational case series. METHODS Ophthalmic examination and adverse event assessment, including otologic symptoms, were performed at baseline, after infusions 2, 4, and 8, and at 6-month follow-up in consecutive patients who received at least 4 teprotumumab infusions. Laboratory test results were collected at baseline and during treatment. Audiometry, patulous eustachian tube (PET) testing, and otolaryngology evaluation were obtained for patients with new or worsening otologic symptoms, with a subset obtaining baseline and posttreatment testing. RESULTS Twenty-seven patients were analyzed (24 females, 3 males, average 56.3 years old). Twenty-two patients (81.5%) developed new subjective otologic symptoms, after a mean of 3.8 infusions (SD 1.8). At 39.2-week average follow-up after the last infusion, most patients with tinnitus (100%), ear plugging/fullness (90.9%), and autophony (83.3%) experienced symptom resolution, whereas only 45.5% (5 of 11) of patients with subjective hearing loss/decreased word comprehension experienced resolution. Six patients underwent baseline and posttreatment audiometry, 5 of whom developed teprotumumab-related sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and 1 patient also developed PET. Three of the 5 patients with teprotumumab-related SNHL had persistent subjective hearing loss at last follow-up. A prior history of hearing loss was discovered as a risk factor for teprotumumab-related SNHL (P = .008). CONCLUSIONS Hearing loss is a concerning adverse event of teprotumumab, and its mechanism and reversibility should be further studied. Until risk factors for hearing loss are better understood, we recommend baseline audiometry with PET testing and repeat testing if new otologic symptoms develop. Screening, monitoring, and prevention guidelines are needed.
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Chen X, Zhang R, Li D, Zhang Q, Xu Z, Xu F, Li Y, Li T. Ear reconstruction research using animal models: The effect of fat grafting on costal cartilage stents. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 153:111016. [PMID: 34974275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2021.111016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT For congenital microtia patients with a depressed mastoid area, it is unclear whether autologous fat grafting to fill the depressed area of the cheek will affect the survival of the subsequent grafted costal cartilage stent. An animal model was used for in vivo research to provide guidance for clinical applications. METHODS Autologous costal cartilage was implanted in nude mice. Fat samples were collected at different time points and histological examination performed to analyze the activity of chondrocytes and the deposition of the chondrocyte matrix. RESULTS This nude mouse fat transplantation model study showed that there were statistical differences in chondrocyte viability between the fat filling group and the control group, but there was no statistical difference in the effect on collagen content. CONCLUSION Transplanting fat reduces the viability of chondrocytes, but has little effect on collagen matrix deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ruhong Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Datao Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhicheng Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yiyuan Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Tianya Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Congenital microtia is a severe physiological defect and is among the most common craniofacial defects. It is characterized by severe auricle dysplasia, external auditory canal atresia or stenosis, and middle ear malformation, though inner ear development is mostly normal with some hearing occurring through bone conduction. Auricular reconstruction is the only treatment for congenital microtia. In this study, the authors integrated messenger ribonucleic acid and mass spectrometry data of cartilage obtained from the affected and unaffected sides of 16 unilateral microtia patients who had undergone ear reconstruction surgery. The authors next performed functional analyses to investigate differences in the proteome of the affected and unaffected ears to elicit molecular pathways involved in microtia pathogenesis. The authors collected 16 pairs samples. Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses identified 47 genes that were differentially expressed in affected and unaffected cartilage. Integrated pathway analysis implicated the involvement of genes related to cell adhesion, extracellular matrix organization, and cell migration in disease progression. Through the integration of gene and protein expression data in human primary chondrocytes, the authors identified molecular markers of microtia progression that were replicated across independent datasets and that have translational potential.
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Lin Y, Hu Z. Bioinformatics analysis of candidate genes involved in ethanol-induced microtia pathogenesis based on a human genome database: GeneCards. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 142:110595. [PMID: 33418206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ethanol used by women during pregnancy increases the risk for microtia in the foetus. Traditionally, laboratory experiments and Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) have been used to explore microtia pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to screen and verify hub genes involved in ethanol-induced microtia and to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS Overlapping genes related to ethanol and microtia were acquired from the GeneCards database and filtered by confidence score. These genes were further analysed via bioinformatics. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis results were visualized with the clusterProfiler R package. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed based on data from the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database. RESULTS Overall, 41 genes related to both ethanol and microtia were identified. The genes most relevant to ethanol-induced microtia pathogenesis included FGFR-2, FGFR-3, FGF-8, TP53, IGF1, SHH, CTNNB1, and PAX6, among others. Most genes were strongly enriched for tissue and organ development in GO analysis. Additionally, many genes were enriched in the Ras, FoxO, MAPK, and PI3K-Akt signalling pathways in KEGG analysis. CONCLUSIONS Bioinformatics analysis was conducted on genes currently known to be related to ethanol-induced microtia pathogenesis. We propose that mechanisms involving FGF-family genes, TP53, IGF1 and SHH contribute significantly to ethanol-induced microtia and the accompanying malformation of other structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Lin
- Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China.
| | - Zhensheng Hu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Li D, Ma X, Zhao T. Mechanism of TGF-β3 promoting chondrogenesis in human fat stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:725-731. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Insulin-like growth factor 1: role in the auditory system and therapeutic potential in otology. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 28:286-290. [DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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A Comprehensive Review of Concentrated Growth Factors and Their Novel Applications in Facial Reconstructive and Regenerative Medicine. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2020; 44:1047-1057. [PMID: 31970453 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-020-01620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concentrated growth factors (CGFs) are the latest generation of platelet concentrates. The objective of developing CGF is to increase therapeutic efficacy. However, few studies have supported the superiority of CGF in composition and efficacy. The reconstruction and regeneration process is complicated and long term, whereas bioactivity of CGF is not durable. The purpose of this review is threefold. The first is to recommend more comparative studies between CGF and other platelet concentrates. The second is to constitute a continuous drug delivery system by combining CGF with other biomaterials. Finally, the novel use of CGF in facial regenerative and reconstructive medicine will be highlighted. METHODS A comprehensive review of literature regarding the use of CGF in facial regenerative and reconstructive medicine was performed. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 135 articles were included. RESULTS The use of CGF involving facial rejuvenation, cartilage grafting, facial bone defects, facial peripheral nerve injury and wounding is reviewed. The reconstructive and regenerative principles lie in firm fibrin scaffolds and continuous in situ delivery of multiple growth factors. CONCLUSIONS CGF represents an advance in personalized medicine concept. However, the current scientific evidences about the use of CGF are limited. More basic and clinical studies should be conducted to understand the characteristics and clinical application of CGF. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
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Eliaz I, Raz A. Pleiotropic Effects of Modified Citrus Pectin. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112619. [PMID: 31683865 PMCID: PMC6893732 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Modified citrus pectin (MCP) has a low-molecular-weight degree of esterification to allow absorption from the small intestinal epithelium into the circulation. MCP produces pleiotropic effects, including but not limited to its antagonism of galectin-3, which have shown benefit in preclinical and clinical models. Regarding cancer, MCP modulates several rate-limiting steps of the metastatic cascade. MCP can also affect cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy. Regarding fibrotic diseases, MCP modulates many of the steps involved in the pathogenesis of aortic stenosis. MCP also reduces fibrosis to the kidney, liver, and adipose tissue. Other benefits of MCP include detoxification and improved immune function. This review summarizes the pleiotropic effects of MCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Eliaz
- Amitabha Medical Clinic and Healing Center, 398 Tesconi Ct, Santa Rosa, CA 95401, USA.
| | - Avraham Raz
- Departments of Oncology and Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R St, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Chen X, Zhang R. Microtia epigenetics: An overview of review and new viewpoint. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17468. [PMID: 31593107 PMCID: PMC6799854 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microtia is a congenital malformation of the external and middle ear caused by the abnormal development of the first and second zygomatic arch and the first sulcus. There is currently no consensus concerning the pathogenesis and etiology of microtia; genetic and environmental factors may play a role. Gene-based studies have focused on finding the genes that cause microtia and on gene function defects. However, no clear pathogenic genes have so far been identified. Microtia is multifactorial; gene function defects cannot completely explain its pathogenesis. In recent years, the epigenetic aspects of microtia have begun to receive attention. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the existing data suggests that certain key genes and pathways may be the underlying cause of congenital microtia. However, further exploration is needed.
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Chen X, Zhang R, Zhang Q, Xu Z, Xu F, Li D, Li Y. Chondrocyte sheet in vivo cartilage regeneration technique using miR-193b-3p to target MMP16. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7070-7082. [PMID: 31492826 PMCID: PMC6756905 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Stable cartilage regeneration has always been a challenge in both tissue engineering research and clinical practice. This study explored the feasibility of using a chondrocyte sheet technique stimulated by microRNAs to regenerate cartilage. We tested the involvement of hsa-miR-193b-3p in the microtia patient remnant auricular chondrocyte extracellular matrix (ECM). We observed in vitro chondrocyte proliferation, ECM synthesis, as well as the increase in the expression of type II collagen (COL2A1) and decrease in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 16 (MMP16) of the chondrocyte sheets. COL2A1 deposition and MMP16 degradation of regenerative cartilage tissue were examined in vivo. A dual-luciferase reporter showed that the MMP16 gene was the direct target of miR-193b-3p. These results suggested that miR-193b-3p promotes chondrocyte sheet ECM synthesis by inhibiting MMP16. Since the evidence suggests that MMP16 is a critical regulator of chondrocyte ECM, this finding points the way towards a method that both strengthens the ECM and inhibits MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ruhong Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhicheng Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Datao Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yiyuan Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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