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Luo J, Mo F, Zhang Z, Hong W, Lan T, Cheng Y, Fang C, Bi Z, Qin F, Yang J, Zhang Z, Li X, Que H, Wang J, Chen S, Wu Y, Yang L, Li J, Wang W, Chen C, Wei X. Engineered mitochondria exert potent antitumor immunity as a cancer vaccine platform. Cell Mol Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41423-024-01203-4. [PMID: 39164536 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The preferable antigen delivery profile accompanied by sufficient adjuvants favors vaccine efficiency. Mitochondria, which feature prokaryotic characteristics and contain various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), are easily taken up by phagocytes and simultaneously activate innate immunity. In the current study, we established a mitochondria engineering platform for generating antigen-enriched mitochondria as cancer vaccine. Ovalbumin (OVA) and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2) were used as model antigens to synthesize fusion proteins with mitochondria-localized signal peptides. The lentiviral infection system was then employed to produce mitochondrial vaccines containing either OVA or TRP2. Engineered OVA- and TRP2-containing mitochondria (OVA-MITO and TRP2-MITO) were extracted and evaluated as potential cancer vaccines. Impressively, the engineered mitochondria vaccine demonstrated efficient antitumor effects when used as both prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines in murine tumor models. Mechanistically, OVA-MITO and TRP2-MITO potently recruited and activated dendritic cells (DCs) and induced a tumor-specific cell-mediated immunity. Moreover, DC activation by mitochondria vaccine critically involves TLR2 pathway and its lipid agonist, namely, cardiolipin derived from the mitochondrial membrane. The results demonstrated that engineered mitochondria are natively well-orchestrated carriers full of immune stimulants for antigen delivery, which could preferably target local dendritic cells and exert strong adaptive cellular immunity. This proof-of-concept study established a universal platform for vaccine construction with engineered mitochondria bearing alterable antigens for cancers as well as other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Luo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Mo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiqi Hong
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianxia Lan
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunju Fang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenfei Bi
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Furong Qin
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingyun Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ziqi Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue Li
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haiying Que
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiming Wu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiong Li
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Luo J, He MW, Luo T, Lv GQ. Identification of multiple risk factors for colorectal cancer relapse after laparoscopic radical resection. World J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 15:2211-2221. [PMID: 37969700 PMCID: PMC10642461 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i10.2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common life-threatening disease that often requires surgical intervention, such as laparoscopic radical resection. However, despite successful surgeries, some patients experience disease relapse. Identifying the risk factors for CRC relapse can help guide clinical interventions and improve patient outcomes. AIM To determine the risk factors that may lead to CRC relapse after laparoscopic radical resection. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis using the baseline data of 140 patients with CRC admitted to our hospital between January 2018 and January 2020. All included participants were followed up until death or for 3 years. The baseline data and laboratory indicators were compared between the patients who experienced relapse and those who did not experienced relapse. RESULTS Among the 140 patients with CRC, 30 experienced relapse within 3 years after laparoscopic radical resection and 110 did not experience relapse. The relapse group had a higher frequency of rectal tumors with low differentiation and lymphatic vessel invasion than that of the non-relapse group. The expression of serum markers and the prognostic nutritional index were lower, whereas the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, expression of cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and Chitinase-3-like protein 1 were significantly higher in the relapse group than those in the non-relapse group. The groups did not differ significantly based on other parameters. Logistic regression analysis revealed that all the above significantly altered factors were independent risk factors for CRC relapse. CONCLUSION We identified multiple risk factors for CRC relapse following surgery, which can be considered for the clinical monitoring of patients to reduce disease recurrence and improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Mei-Wen He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Operating Room, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guo-Qing Lv
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
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Gao L, Hong Z, Lei G, Guo AL, Wang FS, Jiao YM, Fu J. Decreased granzyme-B expression in CD11c +CD8 + T cells associated with disease progression in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1107483. [PMID: 36798119 PMCID: PMC9927008 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction CD11c+CD8+ T cells are an unconventional CD8+ T cell subset that exerts antiviral activity in infectious diseases. However, its characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been elucidated. Methods Twenty-six patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC and 25 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. The frequency and phenotype of CD11c+CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood and tumors in situ were detected by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Results Both the HCC group and HC group had similar frequency and phenotype characteristics of CD11c+CD8+ T cells in the periphery. CD11c+CD8+ T cells were mainly composed of effector T cells, most of which were CD45RA+CCR7-. Compared with CD11c-CD8+ T cells, CD11c+CD8+ T cells had a higher proportion of CD38 and HLA-DR double positive, and expressed high levels of granzyme-B (GB) and degranulation marker CD107a, and produced high levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). However, the ability of degranulation and TNF-α production of CD11c+CD8+ T cells in patients with HCC were significantly lower than that in healthy controls. The GB expression level of peripheral CD11c+CD8+ T cells in patients with advanced stage of HCC was significantly lower than that in patients with early stage of HCC, and the GB expression level of liver-infiltrating CD11c+CD8+ T cells in tumor tissues was lower than that in non-tumor tissues. More importantly, the GB expression level of peripheral CD11c+CD8+ T cells was negatively correlated with tumor volume. Conclusions These findings indicate that CD11c+CD8+ T cells may have potential anti-tumor activity and that GB+CD11c+CD8+ T cells are associated with disease progression in patients with HBV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gao
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China,Department of Infectious Disease and Hepatology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhixian Hong
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanglin Lei
- Senior Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - An-Liang Guo
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Mei Jiao
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Junliang Fu, ; Yan-Mei Jiao,
| | - Junliang Fu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Junliang Fu, ; Yan-Mei Jiao,
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Positron emission tomography molecular imaging to monitor anti-tumor systemic response for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:1671-1688. [PMID: 36622406 PMCID: PMC10119238 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-06084-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) achieve a milestone in cancer treatment. Despite the great success of ICI, ICI therapy still faces a big challenge due to heterogeneity of tumor, and therapeutic response is complicated by possible immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Therefore, it is critical to assess the systemic immune response elicited by ICI therapy to guide subsequent treatment regimens. Positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging is an optimal approach in cancer diagnosis, treatment effect evaluation, follow-up, and prognosis prediction. PET imaging can monitor metabolic changes of immunocytes and specifically identify immuno-biomarkers to reflect systemic immune responses. Here, we briefly review the application of PET molecular imaging to date of systemic immune responses following ICI therapy and the associated rationale.
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Ni L, Li P, Li M, Huang S, Dang N. SERPINB8 and furin regulate ITGAX expression and affect the proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:24-29. [PMID: 36134483 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In the past 10 years, the systemic treatment of advanced melanoma has undergone tremendous changes through the development of targeted therapy. However, there is still a long way to go. This study aims to characterize the function and interaction of ITGAX, SERPINB8 and furin in BRAF V600E mutant melanoma. Differentially expressed genes related to BRAF V600E mutation and BRAFi treatment were obtained by analysing GSE141484 and GSE22838. two kinds of BRAFi (Vemurafenib, 10 μM; Dabrafenib, 1 μM) were used to treat A375 and 1205Lu cells, respectively. The expression of ITGAX, SERPINB8 and Furin in A375 and 1205Lu cells was down-regulated by specific siRNAs, and cell proliferation, clone formation and invasion were detected by CCK-8, colony formation and transwell assays. The physical binding of furin and SERPINB8 was detected by immunoprecipitation. BRAFi treatment down-regulated the ITGAX and SERPINB8 expression and did not change furin expression. Knockdown of ITGAX and SERPINB8 both inhibited the proliferation and invasion of A375 and 1205Lu cells. Knocking down SERPINB8 down-regulated the expression of ITGAX. Furin knockdown and inhibitors all up-regulated the protein level of ITGAX. SERPINB8 can physically bind to furin. In summary, SERPINB8 and furin regulate the expression of ITGAX in melanoma cells, and ITGAX significantly promotes the proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ni
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Pin Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingming Li
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shuhong Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ningning Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:168. [PMID: 36411471 PMCID: PMC9677917 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a rare childhood neurological disease characterized by progressive unilateral loss of function, hemispheric atrophy and drug-resistant epilepsy. Affected brain tissue shows signs of infiltrating cytotoxic T-cells, microglial activation, and neuronal death, implicating an inflammatory disease process. Recent studies have identified molecular correlates of inflammation in RE, but cell-type-specific mechanisms remain unclear. We used single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) to assess gene expression across multiple cell types in brain tissue resected from two children with RE. We found transcriptionally distinct microglial populations enriched in RE compared to two age-matched individuals with unaffected brain tissue and two individuals with Type I focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Specifically, microglia in RE tissues demonstrated increased expression of genes associated with cytokine signaling, interferon-mediated pathways, and T-cell activation. We extended these findings using spatial proteomic analysis of tissue from four surgical resections to examine expression profiles of microglia within their pathological context. Microglia that were spatially aggregated into nodules had increased expression of dynamic immune regulatory markers (PD-L1, CD14, CD11c), T-cell activation markers (CD40, CD80) and were physically located near distinct CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte populations. These findings help elucidate the complex immune microenvironment of RE.
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Ma J, Han M, Yang D, Zheng T, Hu R, Wang B, Ye Y, Liu J, Huang G. Vps33B in Dendritic Cells Regulates House Dust Mite-Induced Allergic Lung Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:2649-2659. [PMID: 34732466 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most specialized APCs that play a critical role in driving Th2 differentiation, but the mechanism is not fully understood. Here we show that vacuolar protein sorting 33B (Vps33B) plays an important role in this process. Mice with Vps33b-specific deletion in DCs, but not in macrophages or T cells, were more susceptible to Th2-mediated allergic lung inflammation than wild-type mice. Deletion of Vps33B in DCs led to enhanced CD4+ T cell proliferation and Th2 differentiation. Moreover, Vps33B specifically restrained reactive oxygen species production in conventional DC1s to inhibit Th2 responses in vitro, whereas Vps33B in monocyte-derived DCs and conventional DC2s was dispensable for Th2 development in asthma pathogenesis. Taken together, our results identify Vps33B as an important molecule that mediates the cross-talk between DCs and CD4+ T cells to further regulate allergic asthma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaomiao Han
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China; and
| | - Ran Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China; and
| | - Youqiong Ye
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junling Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gonghua Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China; and
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Guo AL, Zhao JF, Gao L, Huang HH, Zhang JY, Zhang C, Song JW, Xu RN, Fan X, Shi M, Jiao YM, Wang FS. HIV-1-Specific CD11c + CD8 + T Cells Display Low PD-1 Expression and Strong Anti-HIV-1 Activity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:757457. [PMID: 34721433 PMCID: PMC8554207 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.757457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exhaustion of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cells prevents optimal control of HIV-1 infection. Identifying unconventional CD8+ T cell subsets to effectively control HIV-1 replication is vital. In this study, the role of CD11c+ CD8+ T cells during HIV-1 infection was evaluated. The frequencies of CD11c+ CD8+ T cells significantly increased and were negatively correlated with viral load in HIV-1-infected treatment-naïve patients. HIV-1-specific cells were enriched more in CD11c+ CD8+ T cells than in CD11c- CD8+ T cells, which could be induced by HIV-1-derived overlapping peptides, marking an HIV-1-specific CD8+ T cell population. This subset expressed higher levels of activating markers (CD38 and HLA-DR), cytotoxic markers (granzyme B, perforin, and CD107a), and cytokines (IL-2 and TNF-α), with lower levels of PD-1 compared to the CD11c- CD8+ T cell subset. In vitro analysis verified that CD11c+ CD8+ T cells displayed a stronger HIV-1-specific killing capacity than the CD11c- counterparts. These findings indicate that CD11c+ CD8+ T cells have potent immunotherapeutic efficacy in controlling HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Liang Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Fang Zhao
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China.,Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Huang Huang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Zhang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Wen Song
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Nan Xu
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Mei Jiao
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Senior Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
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Srinivasan S, Elizabeth Babensee J. Dendritic cells support a proliferative antigen-specific T-cell response in the presence of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid). J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:2269-2279. [PMID: 33960123 PMCID: PMC11246169 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials are known to modulate immune cell functions, which subsequently determine the host inflammatory and immune responses. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) or PLGA, a biodegradable and biocompatible biomaterial, induces a pro-inflammatory, mature phenotype in antigen presentation cells, namely dendritic cells (DCs) in vitro. In vivo, PLGA can boost the humoral immune response to a co-delivered model antigen, a phenomenon known as the PLGA-adjuvant effect. This study elucidates the link between PLGA's effect on the DC phenotype in vitro and its adjuvant effect in vivo using the CD11c-DTR mouse model. These mice undergo conditional ablation of DCs upon treatment with diphtheria toxin. To measure immune activation, the mice were first given ovalbumin (OVA)-reactive T cells from OT-II/OT-I mice. Later, the same mice received subcutaneous OVA-loaded PLGA scaffold implants. In response to the scaffold implants, OVA-reactive OT-II CD4+ T cells showed decreased proliferation in the absence of CD11c+ DCs, indicating an attenuation of the PLGA-adjuvant effect. Furthermore, PLGA may also influence the antigen cross-presentation function of DCs, as evident with the lowered OVA-reactive OT-I CD8+ T-cell response. Understanding the immunomodulatory ability of biomaterials in the context of DCs will aid in designing improved DC-based immunotherapies against infectious diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Srinivasan
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Julia Elizabeth Babensee
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Tang D, Huang W, Yang Z, Wu X, Sang X, Wang K, Cao G. Identification and validation of 12 immune-related genes as a prognostic signature for colon adenocarcinoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22852. [PMID: 34396630 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract that threatens human health seriously. Thus, it is urgent to explore biomarkers that can be used to evaluate a patient's survival prognosis overall as a supplementary treatment. RNA-seq expression profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, and Lasso and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used for developing the prognostic model. Finally, a nomogram comprising the prognostic model was established to evaluate survival overall. A risk model comprised of a total of 12 immune-related gene pairs was constructed. Further analysis revealed the model's independent prognostic ability in relation to other clinical characteristics. This model's nomogram could help clinicians choose personalized treatment for COAD patients. This model has significant potential to complement COAD's clinical identifying characteristics, and also provide new insights into the identification of colon cancer patients with a high risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Huang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Jin P, Li J, Meng Y, Wu L, Bai M, Yu J, Meng X. PET/CT metabolic patterns in systemic immune activation: A new perspective on the assessment of immunotherapy response and efficacy. Cancer Lett 2021; 520:91-99. [PMID: 34237407 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in immunotherapy, extensive challenges remain in its clinical application. Positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is widely used in the diagnosis and follow-up of malignant tumors and in the prediction of treatment outcomes. Successful cancer immunotherapy requires systemic immune activation. In addition to local immune responses, a systemic antitumor response involving primary and secondary lymphoid organs is required for tumor eradication. Immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) are considered to be a manifestation of excessive immune activation. PET/CT can monitor the metabolic changes in peripheral lymphoid organs and related organs. Thus, it can identify patients with effective immune activation and predict the efficacy and outcomes of immunotherapy. This review aimed to investigate the theoretical basis and feasibility of applying PET/CT for monitoring the immune activation status of peripheral lymphoid organs after immunotherapy and predict its effectiveness. Towards this goal, we reviewed the cellular components and structural composition of peripheral lymphoid organs, as well as their functions in the systemic immune response. We analyzed the theoretical basis and feasibility of applying PET/CT to monitor the immune activation status of peripheral lymphoid organs after immunotherapy to predict the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yingtao Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Leilei Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Menglin Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Xue Meng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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12
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Harden JT, Wang X, Toh J, Sang AX, Brown RA, Esquivel CO, Martinez OM, Krams SM. High-resolution phenotyping of early acute rejection reveals a conserved alloimmune signature. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108806. [PMID: 33657374 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alloimmune responses in acute rejection are complex, involving multiple interacting cell types and pathways. Deep profiling of these cell types has been limited by technology that lacks the capacity to resolve this high dimensionality. Single-cell mass cytometry is used to characterize the alloimmune response in early acute rejection, measuring 37 parameters simultaneously, across multiple time points in two models: a murine cardiac and vascularized composite allotransplant (VCA). Semi-supervised hierarchical clustering is used to group related cell types defined by combinatorial expression of surface and intracellular proteins, along with markers of effector function and activation. This expression profile is mapped to visualize changes in antigen composition across cell types, revealing phenotypic signatures in alloimmune T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and myeloid subsets that are conserved and that firmly distinguish rejecting from non-rejecting grafts. These data provide a comprehensive, high-dimensional profile of cellular rejection after allograft transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James T Harden
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jiaying Toh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Adam X Sang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ryanne A Brown
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carlos O Esquivel
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Olivia M Martinez
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sheri M Krams
- Department of Surgery, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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13
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Zhou SN, Pan WT, Pan MX, Luo QY, Zhang L, Lin JZ, Zhao YJ, Yan XL, Yuan LP, Zhang YX, Yang DJ, Qiu MZ. Comparison of Immune Microenvironment Between Colon and Liver Metastatic Tissue in Colon Cancer Patients with Liver Metastasis. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:474-482. [PMID: 32193860 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver metastasis is an indicator of unfavorable responses to immunotherapy in colorectal cancer patients. However, the difference of immune microenvironment between primary tumors and liver metastases has not been well understood. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-four colon cancer with liver metastasis patients who received resection of both primary and metastasis lesions have been analyzed. The immune score is based on the density of infiltrating immune cells (CD3+ cell, CD8+ cell, CD11b+ cell, CD11c+ cell, and CD33+ cell) in the center and margin of the tumor. The expression of immune markers between the primary tumor and hepatic metastases was analyzed using Wilcoxon's signed rank test. RESULTS All the five markers had higher expression in tumor margins than center tumor in both primary tumor and hepatic metastases lesions. The expression of CD11c and CD11b had no difference between metastatic lesions and primary tumor. In tumor margins, except CD11b, all the other 4 markers expressed significantly higher in hepatic metastases than in primary tumor. Intra-tumor, CD3 had higher expression in primary tumor than in hepatic metastases, while CD33 had higher expression in hepatic metastases than in primary tumor. CD8+ CD3+ cells of the total CD8+ cell population in primary tumor was significantly higher than in hepatic metastases (36.42% vs. 24.88%, p = 0.0069). CONCLUSIONS The immune microenvironment between primary tumor and hepatic metastasis is different. More immunosuppressing cells in liver may partially explain why immunotherapy in colon cancer is less effective with liver metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Na Zhou
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wen-Tao Pan
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Meng-Xian Pan
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Qiu-Yun Luo
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jun-Zhong Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiang-Lei Yan
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lu-Ping Yuan
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yu-Xin Zhang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Da-Jun Yang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Miao-Zhen Qiu
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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