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Han X, Ning Y, Dou X, Wang Y, Shan Q, Shi K, Wang Z, Ding C, Hao M, Wang K, Peng M, Kuang H, Yang Q, Sang X, Cao G. Cornus officinalis with high pressure wine steaming enhanced anti-hepatic fibrosis: Possible through SIRT3-AMPK axis. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100927. [PMID: 38646453 PMCID: PMC11024659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cornus officinalis, a medicinal and edible plant known for its liver-nourishing properties, has shown promise in inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), crucial indicators of hepatic fibrosis, especially when processed by high pressure wine steaming (HPWS). Herein, this study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of cornus officinalis, both in its raw and HPWS forms, on inflammation and apoptosis in liver fibrosis and their underlying mechanisms. In vivo liver fibrosis models were established by subcutaneous injection of CCl4, while in vitro HSCs were exposed to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). These findings demonstrated that cornus officinalis with HPWS conspicuously ameliorated histopathological injury, reduced the release of proinflammatory factors, and decreased collagen deposition in CCl4-induced rats compared to its raw form. Utilizing ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) combined with network analysis, we identified that the pharmacological effects of the changed components of cornus officinalis before and after HPWS, primarily centered on the adenosine phosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Of note, cornus officinalis activated AMPK and Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), promoting the apoptosis of activated HSCs through the caspase cascade by regulating caspase3, caspase6 and caspase9. siRNA experiments showed that cornus officinalis could regulate AMPK activity and its mediated-apoptosis through SIRT3. In conclusion, cornus officinalis exhibited the ability to reduce inflammation and apoptosis, with the SIRT3-AMPK signaling pathway identified as a potential mechanism underlying the synergistic effect of cornus officinalis with HPWS on anti-liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qiyuan Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kao Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haodan Kuang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Ning Y, Dou X, Wang Z, Shi K, Wang Z, Ding C, Sang X, Zhong X, Shao M, Han X, Cao G. SIRT3: A potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108639. [PMID: 38561088 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase located in the mitochondria, which mainly regulates the acetylation of mitochondrial proteins. In addition, SIRT3 is involved in critical biological processes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and apoptosis, all of which are closely related to the progression of liver disease. Liver fibrosis characterized by the deposition of extracellular matrix is a result of long termed or repeated liver damage, frequently accompanied by damaged hepatocytes, the recruitment of inflammatory cells, and the activation of hepatic stellate cells. Based on the functions and pharmacology of SIRT3, we will review its roles in liver fibrosis from three aspects: First, the main functions and pharmacological effects of SIRT3 were investigated based on its structure. Second, the roles of SIRT3 in major cells in the liver were summarized to reveal its mechanism in developing liver fibrosis. Last, drugs that regulate SIRT3 to prevent and treat liver fibrosis were discussed. In conclusion, exploring the pharmacological effects of SIRT3, especially in the liver, may be a potential strategy for treating liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ning
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Dou
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kao Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiyu Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Cao G, Hu S, Ning Y, Dou X, Ding C, Wang L, Wang Z, Sang X, Yang Q, Shi J, Hao M, Han X. Traditional Chinese medicine in osteoporosis: from pathogenesis to potential activity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1370900. [PMID: 38628648 PMCID: PMC11019011 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1370900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis characterized by decreased bone density and mass, is a systemic bone disease with the destruction of microstructure and increase in fragility. Osteoporosis is attributed to multiple causes, including aging, inflammation, diabetes mellitus, and other factors induced by the adverse effects of medications. Without treatment, osteoporosis will further progress and bring great trouble to human life. Due to the various causes, the treatment of osteoporosis is mainly aimed at improving bone metabolism, inhibiting bone resorption, and promoting bone formation. Although the currently approved drugs can reduce the risk of fragility fractures in individuals, a single drug has limitations in terms of safety and effectiveness. By contrast, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), a characteristic discipline in China, including syndrome differentiation, Chinese medicine prescription, and active ingredients, shows unique advantages in the treatment of osteoporosis and has received attention all over the world. Therefore, this review summarized the pathogenic factors, pathogenesis, therapy limitations, and advantages of TCM, aiming at providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cao
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - ShaoQi Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Ning
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Dou
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangnan Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Peng M, Dong H, Shao M, Zhang X, Sun J, Ding C, Han X, Yang Q, Sang X, Cao G. Self-heating mitochondrion-induced free radical blast for immunogenic cell death stimulation and HCC immunotherapy. J Control Release 2024; 366:694-711. [PMID: 38228273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an immunosuppressive tumor associated with high mortality. Photothermal and photodynamic therapies have been applied to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in HCC, successfully eliciting immune responses but facing limitations in penetration depth in clinical trials. Here, intrinsic mitochondrial hyperthermia was used to trigger thermosensitive drug release. The mitochondria were further self-heated through 2,4-dinitrophenol uncoupling, dramatically promoting free radical initiation and inducing tumor ICD. The synthesized mitochondrial-targeting TPP-HA-TDV nanoparticles specifically generated free radicals in the mitochondria without external stimulation, and obviously enhanced the release of ICD markers, subsequently evoking immune responses. The results showed that mitochondrial hyperthermia could be an endogenous target for thermosensitive drug release. Furthermore, self-heating mitochondria-induced free radical blast could be an efficient therapeutic for deep-seated tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongyan Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Meiyu Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiamei Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Chuan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 310053 Hangzhou, PR China.
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Qiang L, Li X, Li Q, Bo H, Liu Y, Lv M, Chen X, Ju H, Sang X, Li Z, Jin S. ABHD2 deficiency aggravates ovalbumin-induced airway remodeling through the PI3K/Akt pathway in an animal model of chronic asthma. Pol J Vet Sci 2023; 26:635-646. [PMID: 38088307 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.148283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a major pathological characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to investigate the effect of Abhd2 deficiency on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway remodeling and inflammation in vivo. Abhd2-deficient mice were used to establish an OVA-induced asthma model. Lung tissues were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, quantitative reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blotting were used to determine the role of Abhd2 in the regulation of OVA-induced airway remodeling and inflammation. Our findings revealed that the RNA expression of inflammatory factors, including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-13, was significantly increased in OVA-induced Abhd2 Gt/Gt asthmatic mice. The expression of IFN-γ was decreased significantly in OVA-induced Abhd2 Gt/Gt asthmatic mice. The protein expression of airway remodeling factors, including α-SMA, type I collagen, and Ki67, was also increased in OVA-induced Abhd2 Gt/Gt asthmatic mice compared to that in OVA-induced wild-type (WT) mice. Additionally, Abhd2 deficiency promoted the expression of p-Akt in tissues of the asthma model. These results suggest that Abhd2 deficiency exacerbates airway remodeling and inflammation through the PI3K/Akt pathway in chronic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Qiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37# Yiyuan Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37# Yiyuan Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Q Li
- Department of pulmonary diseases, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 33# Xidazhi Street, Harbin 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - H Bo
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37# Yiyuan Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37# Yiyuan Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - M Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37# Yiyuan Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37# Yiyuan Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - H Ju
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37# Yiyuan Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - X Sang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37# Yiyuan Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Z Li
- University of Tokyo, 3-8-1# Bunkyo ku, Tokyo 1130033, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37# Yiyuan Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
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Hao M, Han X, Yao Z, Zhang H, Zhao M, Peng M, Wang K, Shan Q, Sang X, Wu X, Wang L, Lv Q, Yang Q, Bao Y, Kuang H, Zhang H, Cao G. The pathogenesis of organ fibrosis: Focus on necroptosis. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:2862-2879. [PMID: 36111431 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common process of tissue repair response to multiple injuries in all chronic progressive diseases, which features with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. Fibrosis can occur in all organs and tends to be nonreversible with the progress of the disease. Different cells types in different organs are involved in the occurrence and development of fibrosis, that is, hepatic stellate cells, pancreatic stellate cells, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Various types of programmed cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis and necroptosis, are closely related to organ fibrosis. Among these programmed cell death types, necroptosis, an emerging regulated cell death type, is regarded as a huge potential target to ameliorate organ fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the role of necroptosis signalling in organ fibrosis and collate the small molecule compounds targeting necroptosis. In addition, we discuss the potential challenges, opportunities and open questions in using necroptosis signalling as a potential target for antifibrotic therapies. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Translational Advances in Fibrosis as a Therapeutic Target. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v180.22/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhouhui Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Zhang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiyuan Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yini Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haodan Kuang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Ding C, Wang Z, Dou X, Yang Q, Ning Y, Kao S, Sang X, Hao M, Wang K, Peng M, Zhang S, Han X, Cao G. Farnesoid X receptor: From Structure to Function and Its Pharmacology in Liver Fibrosis. Aging Dis 2023:AD.2023.0830. [PMID: 37815898 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, plays a crucial role in regulating bile acid metabolism within the enterohepatic circulation. Beyond its involvement in metabolic disorders and immune imbalances affecting various tissues, FXR is implicated in microbiota modulation, gut- to-brain communication, and liver disease. The liver, as a pivotal metabolic and detoxification organ, is susceptible to damage from factors such as alcohol, viruses, drugs, and high-fat diets. Chronic or recurrent liver injury can culminate in liver fibrosis, which, if left untreated, may progress to cirrhosis and even liver cancer, posing significant health risks. However, therapeutic options for liver fibrosis remain limited in terms of FDA- approved drugs. Recent insights into the structure of FXR, coupled with animal and clinical investigations, have shed light on its potential pharmacological role in hepatic fibrosis. Progress has been achieved in both fundamental research and clinical applications. This review critically examines recent advancements in FXR research, highlighting challenges and potential mechanisms underlying its role in liver fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jinhua, China
| | - Zeping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Dou
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Ning
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shi Kao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuosheng Zhang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jinhua, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jinhua, China
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Su YR, Gu SM, Liu YR, Cheng YQ, Wan Q, Sang X, Chen MH, Liu WQ, Shi Q, Liu C, Liu Y, Li CY, Wang ZC, Wang XR. Partial cellular reprogramming stably restores the stemness of senescent epidermal stem cells. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:5397-5409. [PMID: 37401274 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202306_32774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adult stem cell senescence and exhaustion are important drivers of organismal age. Restored stem cell self-renewal has revealed novel therapeutic targets for decreasing the incidence of age-associated diseases (AADs) and prolonging the human health span. Transient ectopic expression of the reprogramming factors Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc (collectively known as OSKM) in somatic cells can induce partial cellular reprogramming and effectively ameliorate their age-associated hallmarks. However, how this form of rejuvenation is applied to senescent stem cells remains unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Integrin-α6highCD71high epidermal stem cells (ESCs) with low self-renewal ability were sorted by flow cytometry and then treated by the interrupted reprogramming induced by transient expression of OSKM. The ability of secondary clones' generation and self-proliferation in vitro, as well as stem cell marker p63, were detected to determine their self-renewal ability. Besides, gene and protein of epidermal cell markers were detected to determine whether their cell identities were retained. Finally, DNA methylation age (eAge) and DNA dehydroxymethylase/methyltransferase were analyzed to explore the alternation of their global DNA methylation pattern during this rejuvenation. RESULTS The partial reprogramming restored the youthful self-renewal and proliferation in senescent ESCs, including larger secondary clone generation, higher expression of stem cell marker p63 and proliferation marker Ki67, and faster proliferation speed, in each case without abolishing epithelial cellular identity. Moreover, the rejuvenation of adult stem cells could be maintained for 2 weeks after reprogramming factor withdrawal, which was more stable than that of differentiated somatic cells. Additionally, we found that partial reprogramming counteracted the acceleration of eAge in senescent epidermal stem cells and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) may play a crucial role in this process. CONCLUSIONS Partial reprogramming has high therapeutic potential for reversing adult stem cell age, providing an advanced way to treat AADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-R Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China.
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Shao M, Wang Y, Dong H, Wang L, Zhang X, Han X, Sang X, Bao Y, Peng M, Cao G. From liver fibrosis to hepatocarcinogenesis: Role of excessive liver H2O2 and targeting nanotherapeutics. Bioact Mater 2023; 23:187-205. [PMID: 36406254 PMCID: PMC9663332 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been worldwide threats nowadays. Liver fibrosis is reversible in early stages but will develop precancerosis of HCC in cirrhotic stage. In pathological liver, excessive H2O2 is generated and accumulated, which impacts the functionality of hepatocytes, Kupffer cells (KCs) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), leading to genesis of fibrosis and HCC. H2O2 accumulation is associated with overproduction of superoxide anion (O2•−) and abolished antioxidant enzyme systems. Plenty of therapeutics focused on H2O2 have shown satisfactory effects against liver fibrosis or HCC in different ways. This review summarized the reasons of liver H2O2 accumulation, and the role of H2O2 in genesis of liver fibrosis and HCC. Additionally, nanotherapeutics targeting H2O2 were summarized for further consideration of antifibrotic or antitumor therapy. Liver fibrosis and HCC are closely related because ROS induced liver damage and inflammation, especially over-cumulated H2O2. Excess H2O2 diffusion in pathological liver was due to increased metabolic rate and diminished cellular antioxidant systems. Freely diffused H2O2 damaged liver-specific cells, thereby leading to fibrogenesis and hepatocarcinogenesis. Nanotherapeutics targeting H2O2 are summarized for treatment of liver fibrosis and HCC, and also challenges are proposed.
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Hao M, Yao Z, Zhao M, Chen Z, Wang P, Sang X, Yang Q, Wang K, Han X, Cao G. Active ingredients screening and pharmacological mechanism research of curcumae rhizoma-sparganii rhizoma herb pair ameliorates liver fibrosis based on network pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 305:116111. [PMID: 36592822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Curcumae Rhizoma-Sparganii Rhizoma (CR-SR) is a classic herbal pair to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis in ancient China. However, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. AIM OF STUDY To screen out the anti-liver fibrosis active ingredients in CR-SR. Moreover, preliminary exploration the molecular mechanism of CR-SR to ameliorates liver fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this research, plant taxonomy has been confirmed in the "The Plant List" database (www.theplantlist.org). The chemical components of CR-SR were analysed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS). "Component-Target-Pathway-Disease" network of CR-SR components were built by network pharmacology. Then, the interaction between primary components and predicted protein targets based on network pharmacology were validated by molecular docking. The pharmacological actions of CR-SR were verified by blood biochemical indexes, histopathologic examination of CCL4 induced rats' model. The core protein targets were verified by Western blot. The effects of screened active components by molecular autodocking were verified by HSC-T6 cell experiment. RESULTS The result shows that 57 chemical constituents in CR-SR herbal pair were identified by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS, in which, 27 compounds were closely connected with liver fibrosis related protein targets. 55 protein targets screened out by "component-target-pathway-disease network" maybe the underlying targets for CR-SR to cure liver fibrosis. Moreover, the 55 protein targets are mainly related to RNA transcription, apoptosis, and signal transduction. The molecular autodocking predicted that ten components can bond well with PTGS2 and RELA protein targets. The blood biochemical indexes, histopathologic examination of CCL4 induced rats experiment showed that CR-SR has well intervention effect of liver fibrosis. The Western blot analysis indicated that CR-SR could significantly inhibit RELA, PTGS2, IL-6, SRC, and AKT1 protein expression to exert the anti-fibrosis effect. The HSC-T6 cell experiment indicated that both formononetin (FNT) and curdione could significantly inhibit the activation of HSC and reduce the expression of PTGS2, and p-AKT1 which was accordance with the molecular autodocking results. CONCLUSION This study proved the molecular mechanism of CR-SR multi-component and multi-target anti-liver fibrosis effect through mass spectrometry, network pharmacology, and western blotting technology. The research provides a theoretical evidence for the development and utilization of CR-SR herbal pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Zhouhui Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Mengting Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Ziyan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Pingping Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311402, China.
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11
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Jiang S, Yang F, Zhang L, Sang X, Lu X, Zheng Y, Xu Y. A prognostic nomogram based on log odds of positive lymph nodes to predict the overall survival in biliary neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) patients after surgery. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:2341-2351. [PMID: 35908009 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01874-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of biliary neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) patients is affected by the status of metastatic lymph nodes. The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic value of the log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS) and develop a novel nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) in biliary NENs patients. METHODS A total of 125 patients with histologically confirmed biliary NENs were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database and further divided into training and validation cohorts. The discrimination and calibration of the nomogram were evaluated using the concordance index (C-index), the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (time-dependent AUC), and calibration plots. The net benefits and clinical utility of the nomogram were quantified and compared with those of the SEER staging system using decision curve analysis (DCA), net reclassification index (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). The risk stratifications of the nomogram and the SEER staging system were compared. RESULTS LODDS showed the highest accuracy in predicting OS for biliary NENs. The C-index (0.789 for the training cohort and 0.890 for the validation cohort) and the time-dependent AUC (> 0.7) indicated the satisfactory discriminative ability of the nomogram. The calibration plots showed a high degree of consistency. The DCA, NRI, and IDI indicated that the nomogram performed significantly better than the SEER staging system. CONCLUSION A novel LODDS-incorporated nomogram was developed and validated to assist clinicians in evaluating the prognosis of biliary NENs patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jiang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - F Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - X Sang
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - X Lu
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zheng
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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12
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Wang K, Xu X, Shan Q, Ding R, Lyu Q, Huang L, Chen X, Han X, Yang Q, Sang X, Peng M, Hao M, Cao G. Integrated gut microbiota and serum metabolomics reveal the protective effect of oleanolic acid on liver and kidney-injured rats induced by Euphorbia pekinensis. Phytother Res 2022. [PMID: 36426741 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Euphorbia pekinensis (EP) is a commonly used Chinese medicine treating edema with potential hepatorenal toxicity. However, its toxic mechanism and prevention are remained to be explored. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a triterpene acid with potential hepatorenal protective activities. We investigated the protective effect and potential mechanism of OA on EP-induced hepatorenal toxicity. In this study, rats were given total diterpenes from EP (TDEP, 16 mg/kg) combined with OA (10, 20, 40 mg/kg) by gavage for 4 weeks. The results showed that TDEP administration could lead to a 3-4-fold increasement in hepatorenal biochemical parameters with histopathological injuries, while OA treatment could ameliorate them in a dose-dependent manner. At microbial and metabolic levels, intestinal flora and host metabolism were perturbed after TDEP administration. The disturbance of bile acid metabolism was the most significant metabolic pathway, with secondary bile acids increasing while conjugated bile acids decreased. OA treatment can improve the disorder of intestinal flora and metabolic bile acid spectrum. Further correlation analysis screened out that Escherichia-Shigella, Phascolarctobacterium, Acetatifactor, and Akkermansia were closely related to the bile acid metabolic disorder. In conclusion, oleanolic acid could prevent hepatorenal toxicity induced by EP by regulating bile acids metabolic disorder via intestinal flora improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiyuan Shan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Lyu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lichuang Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyun Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Shan Q, Tian G, Han X, Hui H, Yamamoto M, Hao M, Wang J, Wang K, Sang X, Qin L, Chen G, Cao G. Toxicity of Tetradium ruticarpum: Subacute Toxicity Assessment and Metabolomic Identification of Relevant Biomarkers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:803855. [PMID: 35295336 PMCID: PMC8918793 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.803855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetradium ruticarpum (TR) is widely used in Asia to treat gastrointestinal disorders and pain. Stir-frying with licorice aqueous extract is a traditional processing procedure of TR formed in a long-term practice and performed before clinical application, and believed to reduce TR’s toxicity. However, its toxicity and possible toxicity attenuation approach are yet to be well investigated. Subacute toxicity and metabolomics studies were conducted to help understand the toxicity of TR. The subacute toxicity assessment indicated that 3 fold of the recommended therapeutic dose of TR did not show obvious subacute toxicity in rats. Although an extremely high dose (i.e., 60 fold of the recommended dose) may cause toxicity in rats, it reversed to normal after 2 weeks of recovery. Hepatocellular injury was the major toxic phenotype of TR-induced liver damage, indicating as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and liver index increasing, with histopathologic findings as local hepatocyte necrosis, focal inflammatory cell infiltration, slightly bile duct hyperplasia, and partial hepatocyte vacuolation. Moreover, we evaluated the impact of processing in toxicity. TR processed with licorice could effectively reduce drug-induced toxicity, which is a valuable step in TR pretreatment before clinical application. Metabolomics profiling revealed that primary bile acid biosynthesis, steroid biosynthesis, and arachidonic acid metabolism were mainly involved in profiling the toxicity metabolic regulatory network. The processing procedure could back-regulate these three pathways, and may be in an Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) dependent manner to alleviate the metabolic perturbations induced by TR. 7α-hydroxycholesterol, calcitriol, and taurocholic acid were screened and validated as the toxicity biomarkers of TR for potential clinical translation. Overall, the extensive subacute toxicity evaluation and metabolomic analysis would not only expand knowledge of the toxicity mechanisms of TR, but also provide scientific insight of traditional processing theory, and support clinical rational use of TR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Shan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Gang Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Hui
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mai Yamamoto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Min Hao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingwei Wang
- The Public Platform of Medical Research Center, Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luping Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Luping Qin, ; Guanqun Chen, ; Gang Cao,
| | - Guanqun Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Luping Qin, ; Guanqun Chen, ; Gang Cao,
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Luping Qin, ; Guanqun Chen, ; Gang Cao,
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14
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Han X, Hu S, Yang Q, Sang X, Tang D, Cao G. Paeoniflorin ameliorates airway inflammation and immune response in ovalbumin induced asthmatic mice: From oxidative stress to autophagy. Phytomedicine 2022; 96:153835. [PMID: 34799185 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma characterized by airway remodeling is a multiple pulmonary disease, which is associated with various physiological processes including inflammation reaction, immune response, oxidative stress and autophagy. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate whether these processes are modulated by the total glucosides of Paeonia lactiflora Pall (TGP), and its active compound paeoniflorin (PF) with anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory effects could alleviate ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mouse asthma. METHODS In vivo, models of mouse asthma were established by intraperitoneally with a mixture of OVA and aluminum hydroxide, plus a single nasal injected with OVA to female C57BL/6 mice. The results were observed with PET imaging, TEM, RT-PCR, western blotting. In vitro, CD4+ T cells were isolated and detected with flow cytometry. RESULTS TGP, either in its crude or processed form, and PF effectively ameliorated lung injury in mice induced by OVA, regulated immune/inflammatory response by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby decreasing Th2 cell proportion, inhibited oxidative stress by recovering mitochondrial membrane potential and regulating metabolic activity in dose-dependent manner. Moreover, PF could inhibit autophagy by regulating mitochondrial function. In addition, the therapeutic effects of TGP and PF on pulmonary injury in asthmatic mice were not affected by processing. CONCLUSION PF may be a valuable agent in ameliorating inflammation and immune response in asthmatic mice, and the possible mechanism involved in this response rang may from oxidative stress to autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqi Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongxin Tang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Universit of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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15
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Hao M, Chu Y, Lei J, Yao Z, Wang P, Chen Z, Wang K, Sang X, Han X, Wang L, Cao G. Pharmacological Mechanisms and Clinical Applications of Curcumin: Update. Aging Dis 2022; 14:716-749. [PMID: 37191432 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a well-known hydrophobic polyphenol extracted from the rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), has attracted great interest in the last ten years due to its multiple pharmacological activities. A growing body of evidence has manifested that curcumin has extensive pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxygenation, lipid regulation, antiviral, and anticancer with hypotoxicity and minor adverse reactions. However, the disadvantages of low bioavailability, short half-life in plasma, low drug concentration in blood, and poor oral absorption severely limited the clinical application of curcumin. Pharmaceutical researchers have carried out plenty of dosage form transformations to improve the druggability of curcumin and have achieved remarkable results. Therefore, the objective of this review summarizes the pharmacological research progress, problems in clinical application and the improvement methods of curcumin's druggability. By reviewing the latest research progress of curcumin, we believe that curcumin has a broad clinical application prospect for its wide range of pharmacological activities with few side effects. The deficiencies of lower bioavailability of curcumin could be improved by dosage form transformation. However, curcumin in the clinical application still requires further study regarding the underlying mechanism and clinical trial verification.
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16
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Lai J, Huang L, Bao Y, Wang L, Lyu Q, Kuang H, Wang K, Sang X, Yang Q, Shan Q, Cao G. A deep clustering-based mass spectral data visualization strategy for anti-renal fibrotic lead compound identification from natural products. Analyst 2022; 147:4739-4751. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01185a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a deep clustering-based MS data visualization strategy (MCnebula), integrated with the influential open-source automatic MS annotation platform SIRIUS and in vivo and in vitro methods, to screen and validate potential lead compounds from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Lichuang Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yini Bao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Qiang Lyu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Haodan Kuang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Kuilong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Qiyuan Shan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Gang Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
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17
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Wang K, Xu X, Maimaiti A, Hao M, Sang X, Shan Q, Wu X, Cao G. Gut microbiota disorder caused by diterpenoids extracted from Euphorbia pekinensis aggravates intestinal mucosal damage. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00765. [PMID: 34523246 PMCID: PMC8440943 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota disorder will lead to intestinal damage. This study evaluated the influence of total diterpenoids extracted from Euphorbia pekinensis (TDEP) on gut microbiota and intestinal mucosal barrier after long‐term administration, and the correlations between gut microbiota and intestinal mucosal barrier were analysed by Spearman correlation analysis. Mice were randomly divided to control group, TDEP groups (4, 8, 16 mg/kg), TDEP (16 mg/kg) + antibiotic group. Two weeks after intragastric administration, inflammatory factors (TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐1β) and LPS in serum, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces were tested by Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. The expression of tight junction (TJ) protein in colon was measured by western blotting. Furthermore, the effects of TDEP on gut microbiota community in mice have been investigated by 16SrDNA high‐throughput sequencing. The results showed TDEP significantly increased the levels of inflammatory factors in dose‐dependent manners, and decreased the expression of TJ protein and SCFAs, and the composition of gut microbiota of mice in TDEP group was significantly different from that of control group. When antibiotics were added, the diversity of gut microbiota was significantly reduced, and the colon injury was more serious. Finally, through correlation analysis, we have found nine key bacteria (Barnesiella, Muribaculaceae_unclassified, Alloprevotella, Candidatus_Arthromitus, Enterorhabdus, Alistipes, Bilophila, Mucispirillum, Ruminiclostridium) that may be related to colon injury caused by TDEP. Taken together, the disturbance of gut microbiota caused by TDEP may aggravate the colon injury, and its possible mechanism may be related to the decrease of SCFAs in feces, disrupted the expression of TJ protein in colon and increasing the contents of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aikebaier Maimaiti
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiyuan Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Ge G, Xie B, Chen Z, Zhang W, Jiang H, Yu X, Sang X, Wang H. The role of genetic factors and peripheral immune cells in SAPHO syndrome. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:e50-e52. [PMID: 34418176 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Ge
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - B Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Institute for Dermatoses Prevention and Cure, Deqing county, Huzhou City, China
| | - Z Chen
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - W Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - H Jiang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - X Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Institute for Dermatoses Prevention and Cure, Deqing county, Huzhou City, China
| | - X Sang
- Zhejiang Provincial Institute for Dermatoses Prevention and Cure, Deqing county, Huzhou City, China
| | - H Wang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
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Tang D, Huang W, Yang Z, Wu X, Sang X, Wang K, Cao G. Identification and validation of 12 immune-related genes as a prognostic signature for colon adenocarcinoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22852. [PMID: 34396630 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract that threatens human health seriously. Thus, it is urgent to explore biomarkers that can be used to evaluate a patient's survival prognosis overall as a supplementary treatment. RNA-seq expression profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, and Lasso and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used for developing the prognostic model. Finally, a nomogram comprising the prognostic model was established to evaluate survival overall. A risk model comprised of a total of 12 immune-related gene pairs was constructed. Further analysis revealed the model's independent prognostic ability in relation to other clinical characteristics. This model's nomogram could help clinicians choose personalized treatment for COAD patients. This model has significant potential to complement COAD's clinical identifying characteristics, and also provide new insights into the identification of colon cancer patients with a high risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Huang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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20
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Tang D, Huang W, Yang Z, Wu X, Sang X, Wang K, Cao G, Hao M. Two immune-enhanced molecular subtypes differ in inflammation, immune checkpoints, mutations, and prognostic outcome in stage I-II colonic carcinoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22703. [PMID: 33410236 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the immune function of the tumor microenvironment and its clinical correlation with colonic carcinoma. Immune genes were downloaded from the The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Five subtypes are obtained by cluster screening based on immune gene expression data. The C3 and C4 subtypes show stronger immune activity. In addition, the C4 subtype has the largest number of gene mutations and the worst prognosis. Most of the immune signatures are upregulated in the C4 subtype, while most of the immune infiltration-related cells are upregulated in the C3 and C4 subtypes. The different immune microenvironments between these subtypes may provide new ideas for immunotherapy strategies in colon carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Tang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Huang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Wang K, Huang W, Sang X, Wu X, Shan Q, Tang D, Xu X, Cao G. Atractylenolide I inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation by affecting metabolism and stemness via AKT/mTOR signaling. Phytomedicine 2020; 68:153191. [PMID: 32135457 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atractylenolide I (ATL-1) is a natural herbal compound used in traditional Chinese medicine that has exhibited anti-cancer properties. The anti-tumorigenic activity of ATL-1 against colorectal cancer (CRC) and the underlying signaling pathways involved in its mechanisms are examined here. HYPOTHESIS ATL-1 exerts therapeutic effect against CRC by disrupting glucose metabolism and cancer stem cell maintenance via AKT/mTOR pathway regulation. STUDY DESIGN In vitro studies were performed in COLO205 and HCT116 CRC cell lines and in vivo studies were conducted in a mouse xenograft model of CRC tumor. METHODS CRC cells were treated with ATL-1 at various concentrations, with or without inhibitors of AKT or mTOR. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, stemness maintenance, glucose metabolism, and AKT/mTOR signaling were evaluated. CRC tumor-xenografted mice were treated with an AKT inhibitor and/or ATL-1, and glucose metabolism and stemness maintenance were examined in tumor tissues. RESULTS ATL-1 significantly inhibited the invasion of CRC cells by inducing their apoptosis, possibly via the excessive production of reactive oxygen species. Glucose metabolism (Warburg effect) was also altered and stem-like traits were suppressed by ATL-1. In addition, ATL-1 effectively acted as an inhibitor or AKT/mTOR by downregulating the phosphorylation of proteins related to the AKT/mTOR pathway. In vivo studies showed that tumor weight and volume were reduced by ATL-1 and that aerobic glycolysis, stemness maintenance, and AKT/mTOR activation were impaired by ATL-1 in colorectal tumors. CONCLUSIONS ATL-1 acts as an effective agent to suppress colorectal tumor progression, mainly by inhibiting CRC cell proliferation through altering apoptosis, glucose metabolism, and stem-like behavior. These processes were mediated by the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. ATL-1 may be a potential agent to be used in molecular-targeted strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Wei Huang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Qiyuan Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Dongxin Tang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofen Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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Lin J, Yang X, Zhao S, Long J, Pan J, Hu K, Zhao L, Huo L, Sang X, Wang K, Zhao H. Lenvatinib plus PD-1 blockade in advanced bile tract carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz253.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Lin J, Yang X, Mao J, Yang X, Wang D, Zhang L, Bai Y, Bian J, Long J, Xie F, Huang H, Sang X, Zhao H. Apatinib as non-first-line treatment in patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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24
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Tang D, Yang Z, Long F, Luo L, Yang B, Zhu R, Sang X, Cao G, Wang K. Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 mediates stem cell-like properties in human colorectal cancer cells by regulating miR-20b-5p/Oct4 axis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:20816-20828. [PMID: 31012108 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are crucial components of the tumor microenvironment that take part in tumor initiation, progression, recurrence, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. This study explores the mechanisms through which CSCs maintain their stemness, especially in tumors of colorectal cancer (CRC), which thus far remain uncertain. Our findings indicated that the expression of miR-20b-5p is negatively correlated with that of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript-1 (MALAT1, r = -0.928, p = 0.023) and Oct4 (r = -0.894, p = 0.041) in CRC cells. We hypothesized that there may be some targeted regulatory relationships among MALAT1, miR-20b-5p, and Oct4. We proceeded to show that both si-MALAT1 and miR-20b-5p-mimic attenuated microsphere formation and self-renewal capacity, decreased the proportion of CSCs, and downregulated the expression of proteins associated with tumor cell stemness maintenance (Oct4, Nanog, sex-determining region Y-box 2, and Notch1) and cellular metabolism (glucose transporter 1, lactate dehydrogenase B, hexokinase 2, and pyruvate kinase isozyme M2) in HCT-116 cells in vitro. In addition, a xenograft model based on Balb/c mice demonstrated that the administration of either si-MALAT1 or miR-20b-5p-mimic suppressed the tumorigenicity of HCT-116 cells in vivo. The underlying mechanisms may involve the targeting of the tumor cell stemness maintenance-related factor Oct4 by miR-20b-5p. For the first time, we present the possible underlying effects of MALAT1 in influencing the stem cell-like properties of CRC cells. We propose that microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs have vital functions in mediating tumor stemness, which remain to be fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Tang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Fengxi Long
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Li Luo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Bing Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Ruyi Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kuilong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Li Q, Shan Q, Sang X, Zhu R, Chen X, Cao G. Total Glycosides of Peony Protects Against Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Regulating IL-23/IL-17 Axis and Th17/Treg Balance. Am J Chin Med 2019; 47:177-201. [PMID: 30612460 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of autoimmune diseases, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, characterized by nonspecific inflammation in the gut. Total glycoside of peony (TGP) has been widely used for treatment of autoimmune diseases because of its pharmacological effects. However, it is lack of depth in whether TGP regulate T helper 17 cell (Th17) / T regulatory cell (Treg) immune balance or interleukin 23 (IL-23) / IL-17 axis to achieve the goal of treating IBD. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of TGP on experimental colitis mice and the related mechanisms. In the present study, we demonstrated that administration of TGP effectively attenuates colonic inflammation of TNBS-induced colitis mice, mainly reflected in significantly improved clinical parameters, reduced inflammatory response and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, even stronger systemic immune ability and effective improvement of Th17/Treg immune disorders. In addition, there was a stronger immunosuppressive ability in a positive cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4[Formula: see text]) T-lymphocytes from the TGP treated mouse colon, characterized by the inhibition of high levels of inflammatory factors and increased regulatory T cells. Importantly, high-dose TGP has similar therapeutic effects as salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP) on IBD treatment. The potential mechanisms might be, at least in part, related to the adjustment of imbalance of Th17/Treg cells and the inhibition of IL-23/IL17 inflammatory signal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Li
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, P. R. China
| | - Qiyuan Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ruyi Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaocheng Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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Tang D, Yang Z, Long F, Luo L, Yang B, Zhu R, Sang X, Cao G. Inhibition of MALAT1 reduces tumor growth and metastasis and promotes drug sensitivity in colorectal cancer. Cell Signal 2019; 57:21-28. [PMID: 30716387 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Human metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a long non-coding RNA known to be highly expressed in several tumors. In colorectal cancer (CRC), MALAT1 promotes cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to investigate the effect of MALAT1 on the proliferation, migration, and drug sensitivity of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo and the mechanisms involved therein. We observed increased expression of MALAT1 in six CRC cell lines compared to that in normal cells, suggesting its involvement in CRC progression. Downregulation of MALAT1 inhibited cell migration and induced apoptosis in vitro and inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in nude mice. Furthermore, MALAT1 silencing downregulated the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and multi-drug resistance proteins including MDR1 and MRP1, resulting in decreased resistance of cancer cells to 5-FU. In addition, the metastasis and invasion of HCT-116 and HCT-116/5-FU cells were regulated via targeting miR-20b-5p. Based on these observations, we infer that inhibition of MALAT1 suppressed CRC progression and metastasis and improved the sensitivity of cancer cells to 5-FU. The present study proposes a new direction to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the invasion and metastasis of CRC, whereby the interaction between MALAT1 and miR-20b-5p could be a novel therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Tang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Zhu Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Fengxi Long
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Li Luo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Bing Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Guiyang, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Ruyi Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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27
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Du D, Liu M, Xing Y, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Lu X, Zhang Q, Ling Y, Sang X, Li Y, Zhang C, He G. Semi-dominant mutation in the cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase gene, ALS1, conducts constitutive defence response in rice. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2019; 21:25-34. [PMID: 30101415 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a sophisticated two-branch defence system to prevent the growth and spread of pathogen infection. The novel Cys-rich repeat (CRR) containing receptor-like kinases, known as CRKs, were reported to mediate defence resistance in plants. For rice, there are only two reports of CRKs. A semi-dominant lesion mimic mutant als1 (apoptosis leaf and sheath 1) in rice was identified to demonstrate spontaneous lesions on the leaf blade and sheath. A map-based cloning strategy was used for fine mapping and cloning of ALS1, which was confirmed to be a typical CRK in rice. Functional studies of ALS1 were conducted, including phylogenetic analysis, expression analysis, subcellular location and blast resistance identification. Most pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and other defence-related genes were activated and up-regulated to a high degree. ALS1 was expressed mainly in the leaf blade and sheath, in which further study revealed that ALS1 was present in the vascular bundles. ALS1 was located in the cell membrane of rice protoplasts, and its mutation did not change its subcellular location. Jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) accumulation were observed in als1, and enhanced blast resistance was also observed. The mutation of ALS1 caused a constitutively activated defence response in als1. The results of our study imply that ALS1 participates in a defence response resembling the common SA-, JA- and NH1-mediated defence responses in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Du
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - M Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Y Xing
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - X Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - M Zhu
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - X Lu
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Y Ling
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - X Sang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Y Li
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - C Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - G He
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Christenson M, Stemmley S, Jung S, Mettler J, Sang X, Martin D, Kalathiparambil K, Ruzic DN. Determining the ion temperature and energy distribution in a lithium-plasma interaction test stand with a retarding field energy analyzer. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:083501. [PMID: 28863682 DOI: 10.1063/1.4995601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The ThermoElectric-driven Liquid-metal plasma-facing Structures (TELS) experiment at the University of Illinois is a gas-puff driven, theta-pinch plasma source that is used as a test stand for off-normal plasma events incident on materials in the edge and divertor regions of a tokamak. The ion temperatures and resulting energy distributions are crucial for understanding how well a TELS pulse can simulate an extreme event in a larger, magnetic confinement device. A retarding field energy analyzer (RFEA) has been constructed for use with such a transient plasma due to its inexpensive and robust nature. The innovation surrounding the use of a control analyzer in conjunction with an actively sampling analyzer is presented and the conditions of RFEA operation are discussed, with results presented demonstrating successful performance under extreme conditions. Such extreme conditions are defined by heat fluxes on the order of 0.8 GW m-2 and on time scales of nearly 200 μs. Measurements from the RFEA indicate two primary features for a typical TELS discharge, following closely with the pre-ionizing coaxial gun discharge characteristics. For the case using the pre-ionization pulse (PiP) and the theta pinch, the measured ion signal showed an ion temperature of 23.3 ± 6.6 eV for the first peak and 17.6 ± 1.9 eV for the second peak. For the case using only the PiP, the measured signal showed an ion temperature of 7.9 ± 1.1 eV for the first peak and 6.6 ± 0.8 eV for the second peak. These differences illustrate the effectiveness of the theta pinch for imparting energy on the ions. This information also highlights the importance of TELS as being one of the few linear pulsed plasma sources whereby moderately energetic ions will strike targets without the need for sample biasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Christenson
- Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - S Stemmley
- Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - S Jung
- Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Mettler
- Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - X Sang
- Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D Martin
- Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - K Kalathiparambil
- Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D N Ruzic
- Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Wang Z, Chen S, Sang X, Pan H, Li Z, Hua H, Han A, Bai J. Lecanicillolide, an α-pyrone substituted spiciferone from the fungus Lecanicillium sp. PR-M-3. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zhao D, Feng B, Chen S, Chen G, Li Z, Lu X, Sang X, An X, Wang H, Pei Y. C 21 steroidal glycosides from the roots of Cynanchum paniculatum. Fitoterapia 2016; 113:51-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen Z, Weyland M, Sang X, Xu W, Dycus J, LeBeau J, D'Alfonso A, Allen L, Findlay S. Quantitative atomic resolution elemental mapping via absolute-scale energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Ultramicroscopy 2016; 168:7-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Xu W, Dycus J, Sang X, LeBeau J. A numerical model for multiple detector energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in the transmission electron microscope. Ultramicroscopy 2016; 164:51-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
The numerical simulation model of blood flow in bend is studied in this paper. The curvature modification is conducted for the blood flow model in bend to obtain the modified blood flow model in bend. The modified model is verified by U tube. By comparing the simulation results with the experimental results obtained by measuring the flow data in U tube, it was found that the modified blood flow model in bend can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of blood flow data affected by the curvature effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China. E-mail:
| | - X Zhou
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - X Hao
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - X Sang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
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Wang X, Liu Y, Li Z, Chu H, Sang X, Fan Q, Wang H. [Carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis for hemophilia A]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2001; 22:117-20. [PMID: 11877059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a simple, rapid carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis system for hemophilia A. METHODS Intron 22 inversion in FVIII gene was directly examined by long distance polymerase chain reaction. Polymorphism of factor VIII intragenic RFLP of Bcl I, STR within intron 13 and 22, and extragenic DXS 52 (St 14) VNTR loci by hereditary linkage analysis were assayed. RESULTS The diagnostic rates of these loci were 47.6% (intron 22 inversion), 27.8% (Bcl I), 28.6% and 29.4% (STR within intron 13 and 22), and 81.3% (DXS52), respectively. The overall diagnostic rate in 21 families was 94.7%. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis in hemophilia A patients or carriers can be made if intron 22 inversion is present. The intragenic and extragenic loci hereditary linkage analysis could be used to establish the diagnosis in intron 22 inversion negative patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200025, China
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Sang X, Gao W, Tang W. [Diagnosis and treatment of gastric carcinoid tumors]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1999; 37:151-3. [PMID: 11829806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the method for surgical diagnosis and treatment of gastric carcinoid tumors. METHODS Clinicopathologic features of 9 patients with gastric carcinoid tumors were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were confirmed by biopsy at endoscopy or surgery. RESULTS Eight of the 9 patients underwent elective operation, 6 showed gastric carcinoid tumors before operation found by biopsy at endoscopy. Five tumors were malignant and 4 benign. Two patients showed malignant carcinoid syndrome, but 5-HT and 5-HIAA were normal. CONCLUSIONS Benign or malignant gastric carcinoid tumor depends upon tumor size, local lymph node invasion and distant metastases. The prognostic factor is based on benign or malignant tumors. Operation may be the first choice for such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Sang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730
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Andersson K, Sang X, Ahlman B, Hammargvis F, Wernerman J. P.16 Determination of proteasome activity in human muscle and liver tissue. Clin Nutr 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(96)80143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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