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Lin Z, Li G, Jiang K, Li Z, Liu T. Cancer therapy resistance mediated by cancer-associated fibroblast-derived extracellular vesicles: biological mechanisms to clinical significance and implications. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:191. [PMID: 39244548 PMCID: PMC11380334 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02106-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a diverse stromal cell population within the tumour microenvironment, where they play fundamental roles in cancer progression and patient prognosis. Multiple lines of evidence have identified that CAFs are critically involved in shaping the structure and function of the tumour microenvironment with numerous functions in regulating tumour behaviours, such as metastasis, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CAFs can interact extensively with cancer cells by producing extracellular vesicles (EVs), multiple secreted factors, and metabolites. Notably, CAF-derived EVs have been identified as critical mediators of cancer therapy resistance, and constitute novel therapy targets and biomarkers in cancer management. This review aimed to summarize the biological roles and detailed molecular mechanisms of CAF-derived EVs in mediating cancer resistance to chemotherapy, targeted therapy agents, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. We also discussed the therapeutic potential of CAF-derived EVs as novel targets and clinical biomarkers in cancer clinical management, thereby providing a novel therapeutic strategy for enhancing cancer therapy efficacy and improving patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410011, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410011, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410011, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410011, China.
| | - Tang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410011, China.
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2
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Li Y, Wang Z, Gao P, Cao D, Dong R, Zhu M, Fei Y, Zuo X, Cai J. CircRHBDD1 promotes immune escape via IGF2BP2/PD-L1 signaling and acts as a nanotherapeutic target in gastric cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:704. [PMID: 39080693 PMCID: PMC11289934 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05498-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC). However, it remains unclear whether dysregulated circRNA affects immune escape and the efficacy of immunotherapy in GC. Our aim is to investigate the molecular mechanism of circRNA affecting GC immunotherapy and identify effective molecular therapeutic targets. METHODS The differential expression profile of circRNAs was established through circRNA sequencing, comparing three paired GC tissues with their adjacent non-cancerous gastric tissues. The expression level of circRHBDD1 in GC tissues was then assessed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The biological characteristics of circRHBDD1 were verified through a series of experiments, including agarose gel electrophoresis assays, RNase R treatment, and actinomycin D experiments. The prognostic value of circRHBDD1 in GC was evaluated by conducting both univariate and multivariate survival analyses. Furthermore, loss- and gain-of-function approaches were utilized to investigate the impact of circRHBDD1 on GC immune escape. RNA-sequencing, immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry, and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (meRIP) analysis were performed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS We discovered that circRHBDD1 exhibited remarkably high expression levels in GC tissues and cell lines. Notably, the high expression of circRHBDD1 was significantly correlated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival among GC patients. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that circRHBDD1 upregulated the expression of PD-L1 and impeded the infiltration of CD8+ T cells. Further, we found that circRHBDD1 binds to IGF2BP2, disrupting the interaction between E3 ligase TRIM25 and IGF2BP2, and ultimately inhibiting IGF2BP2 ubiquitination and degradation. Intriguingly, IGF2BP2 enhances PD-L1 mRNA stability through m6A modification. Additionally, we developed Poly (lactide-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based nanoparticles loaded with circRHBDD1 siRNA. In vivo experiments validated that the combination of PLGA-PEG(si-circRHBDD1) and anti-PD-1 offers a safe and efficacious nano-drug regimen for cancer immunotherapy. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that circRHBDD1 promoted GC immune escape by upregulating the expression of PD-L1 and reprogramming T cell-mediated immune response. Inhibition of circRHBDD1 expression could potentially enhance the response of GC patients to immunotherapy, thus improving treatment outcomes. Additionally, the development of a nanodrug delivery system provides a feasible approach for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Zhixiong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Danping Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Runyu Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Menglin Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Yao Fei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
| | - Xueliang Zuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China.
| | - Juan Cai
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Non-coding RNA Basic and Clinical Transformation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China.
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China.
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Chen L, Yin G, Wang Z, Liu Z, Sui C, Chen K, Song T, Xu W, Qi L, Li X. A predictive radiotranscriptomics model based on DCE-MRI for tumor immune landscape and immunotherapy in cholangiocarcinoma. Biosci Trends 2024; 18:263-276. [PMID: 38853000 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2024.01121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the predictive role of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) derived radiomic model in tumor immune profiling and immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma. To perform radiomic analysis, immune related subgroup clustering was first performed by single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Second, a total of 806 radiomic features for each phase of DCE-MRI were extracted by utilizing the Python package Pyradiomics. Then, a predictive radiomic signature model was constructed after a three-step features reduction and selection, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to evaluate the performance of this model. In the end, an independent testing cohort involving cholangiocarcinoma patients with anti-PD-1 Sintilimab treatment after surgery was used to verify the potential application of the established radiomic model in immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma. Two distinct immune related subgroups were classified using ssGSEA based on transcriptome sequencing. For radiomic analysis, a total of 10 predictive radiomic features were finally identified to establish a radiomic signature model for immune landscape classification. Regarding to the predictive performance, the mean AUC of ROC curves was 0.80 in the training/validation cohort. For the independent testing cohort, the individual predictive probability by radiomic model and the corresponding immune score derived from ssGSEA was significantly correlated. In conclusion, radiomic signature model based on DCE-MRI was capable of predicting the immune landscape of chalangiocarcinoma. Consequently, a potentially clinical application of this developed radiomic model to guide immunotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer, Liver Cancer Research Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Guotao Yin
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyang Wang
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Zifan Liu
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunxiao Sui
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianqiang Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer, Liver Cancer Research Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Wengui Xu
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Lisha Qi
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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Cazzaniga M, Cardinali M, Di Pierro F, Zonzini GB, Palazzi CM, Gregoretti A, Zerbinati N, Guasti L, Matera MR, Cavecchia I, Bertuccioli A. The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, Particularly Butyrate, in Oncological Immunotherapy with Checkpoint Inhibitors: The Effectiveness of Complementary Treatment with Clostridium butyricum 588. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1235. [PMID: 38930617 PMCID: PMC11206605 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of immune checkpoints (CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1) and their impact on the prognosis of oncological diseases have paved the way for the development of revolutionary oncological treatments. These treatments do not combat tumors with drugs "against" cancer cells but rather support and enhance the ability of the immune system to respond directly to tumor growth by attacking the cancer cells with lymphocytes. It has now been widely demonstrated that the presence of an adequate immune response, essentially represented by the number of TILs (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes) present in the tumor mass decisively influences the response to treatments and the prognosis of the disease. Therefore, immunotherapy is based on and cannot be carried out without the ability to increase the presence of lymphocytic cells at the tumor site, thereby limiting and nullifying certain tumor evasion mechanisms, particularly those expressed by the activity (under positive physiological conditions) of checkpoints that restrain the response against transformed cells. Immunotherapy has been in the experimental phase for decades, and its excellent results have made it a cornerstone of treatments for many oncological pathologies, especially when combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Despite these successes, a significant number of patients (approximately 50%) do not respond to treatment or develop resistance early on. The microbiota, its composition, and our ability to modulate it can have a positive impact on oncological treatments, reducing side effects and increasing sensitivity and effectiveness. Numerous studies published in high-ranking journals confirm that a certain microbial balance, particularly the presence of bacteria capable of producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially butyrate, is essential not only for reducing the side effects of chemoradiotherapy treatments but also for a better response to immune treatments and, therefore, a better prognosis. This opens up the possibility that favorable modulation of the microbiota could become an essential complementary treatment to standard oncological therapies. This brief review aims to highlight the key aspects of using precision probiotics, such as Clostridium butyricum, that produce butyrate to improve the response to immune checkpoint treatments and, thus, the prognosis of oncological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Cazzaniga
- Scientific & Research Department, Velleja Research, 20125 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.)
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Marco Cardinali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infermi Hospital, AUSL Romagna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61122 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Francesco Di Pierro
- Scientific & Research Department, Velleja Research, 20125 Milan, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.)
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.); (A.B.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insurbia, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Giordano Bruno Zonzini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61122 Urbino, Italy;
| | - Chiara Maria Palazzi
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Aurora Gregoretti
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Nicola Zerbinati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insurbia, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Luigina Guasti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insurbia, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Matera
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Ilaria Cavecchia
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexander Bertuccioli
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.); (A.B.)
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61122 Urbino, Italy;
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5
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Ma Y, Wang T, Zhang X, Wang P, Long F. The role of circular RNAs in regulating resistance to cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms and implications. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:312. [PMID: 38697964 PMCID: PMC11066075 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has rapidly transformed cancer treatment, yet resistance remains a significant hurdle, limiting its efficacy in many patients. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of non-coding RNAs, have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression and cellular processes. Increasing evidence indicates their involvement in modulating resistance to cancer immunotherapy. Notably, certain circRNAs function as miRNA sponges or interact with proteins, influencing the expression of immune-related genes, including crucial immune checkpoint molecules. This, in turn, shapes the tumor microenvironment and significantly impacts the response to immunotherapy. In this comprehensive review, we explore the evolving role of circRNAs in orchestrating resistance to cancer immunotherapy, with a specific focus on their mechanisms in influencing immune checkpoint gene expression. Additionally, we underscore the potential of circRNAs as promising therapeutic targets to augment the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. Understanding the role of circRNAs in cancer immunotherapy resistance could contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pinghan Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610032, China
| | - Fangyi Long
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610032, China.
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Sun C, Zhan J, Li Y, Zhou C, Huang S, Zhu X, Huang K. Non-apoptotic regulated cell death mediates reprogramming of the tumour immune microenvironment by macrophages. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18348. [PMID: 38652105 PMCID: PMC11037416 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) plays an indispensable role in tumour progression, and tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immune cells in TIME. Non-apoptotic regulated cell death (RCD) can avoid the influence of tumour apoptosis resistance on anti-tumour immune response. Specifically, autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis mediate the crosstalk between TAMs and tumour cells in TIME, thus reprogram TIME and affect the progress of tumour. In addition, although some achievements have been made in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), there is still defect that ICIs are only effective for some people because non-apoptotic RCD can bypass the apoptosis resistance of tumour. As a result, ICIs combined with targeting non-apoptotic RCD may be a promising solution. In this paper, the basic molecular mechanism of non-apoptotic RCD, the way in which non-apoptotic RCD mediates crosstalk between TAMs and tumour cells to reprogram TIME, and the latest research progress in targeting non-apoptotic RCD and ICIs are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengpeng Sun
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiP. R. China
- HuanKui Academy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiChina
| | - Jianhao Zhan
- HuanKui Academy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiChina
| | - Yao Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiChina
| | - Chulin Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiChina
| | - Shuo Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiChina
| | - Xingen Zhu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiP. R. China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiP. R. China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Tumors and Cerebrovascular DiseasesNanchangChina
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Neurological MedicineNanchangJiangxiP. R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiP. R. China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiP. R. China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Neurological Tumors and Cerebrovascular DiseasesNanchangChina
- JXHC Key Laboratory of Neurological MedicineNanchangJiangxiP. R. China
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Mahmoudian F, Ahmari A, Shabani S, Sadeghi B, Fahimirad S, Fattahi F. Aptamers as an approach to targeted cancer therapy. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:108. [PMID: 38493153 PMCID: PMC10943855 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Conventional cancer treatments can cause serious side effects because they are not specific to cancer cells and can damage healthy cells. Aptamers often are single-stranded oligonucleotides arranged in a unique architecture, allowing them to bind specifically to target sites. This feature makes them an ideal choice for targeted therapeutics. They are typically produced through the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) and undergo extensive pharmacological revision to modify their affinity, specificity, and therapeutic half-life. Aptamers can act as drugs themselves, directly inhibiting tumor cells. Alternatively, they can be used in targeted drug delivery systems to transport drugs directly to tumor cells, minimizing toxicity to healthy cells. In this review, we will discuss the latest and most advanced approaches to using aptamers for cancer treatment, particularly targeted therapy overcoming resistance to conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mahmoudian
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Ayatollah-Khansari Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Azin Ahmari
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Ayatollah-Khansari Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Shiva Shabani
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Ayatollah-Khansari Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Bahman Sadeghi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Ayatollah-Khansari Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Shohreh Fahimirad
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Fahimeh Fattahi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Ayatollah-Khansari Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Huang C, Shao N, Huang Y, Chen J, Wang D, Hu G, Zhang H, Luo L, Xiao Z. Overcoming challenges in the delivery of STING agonists for cancer immunotherapy: A comprehensive review of strategies and future perspectives. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100839. [PMID: 38024837 PMCID: PMC10630661 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) agonists have emerged as promising agents in the field of cancer immunotherapy, owing to their excellent capacity to activate the innate immune response and combat tumor-induced immunosuppression. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the strategies employed to develop effective formulations for STING agonists, with particular emphasis on versatile nano-delivery systems. The recent advancements in delivery systems based on lipids, natural/synthetic polymers, and proteins for STING agonists are summarized. The preparation methodologies of nanoprecipitation, self-assembly, and hydrogel, along with their advantages and disadvantages, are also discussed. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities in developing next-generation STING agonist delivery systems are elaborated. This review aims to serve as a reference for researchers in designing novel and effective STING agonist delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiqing Huang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Ni Shao
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yanyu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Jifeng Chen
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Duo Wang
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Genwen Hu
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Dongguan, 523560, China
| | - Liangping Luo
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- The Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging for Clinical Translation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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9
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Zemanek T, Nova Z, Nicodemou A. Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Adoptive Cell Therapy: State of the Art in Colorectal, Breast and Lung Cancer. Physiol Res 2023; 72:S209-S224. [PMID: 37888965 PMCID: PMC10669950 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is dramatically expanding. These cells have proven prognostic and therapeutic value for many cancer outcomes and potential to treat also disseminated breast, colorectal, or lung cancer. However, the therapeutical outcome of TILs is negatively affected by tumor mutational burden and neoantigens. On the other hand, it can be improved in combination with checkpoint blockade therapy. This knowledge and rapid detection techniques alongside gene editing allow us to classify and modify T cells in many ways. Hence, to tailor them precisely to the patient´s needs as to program T cell receptors to recognize specific tumor-associated neoantigens and to insert them into lymphocytes or to select tumor neoantigen-specific T cells, for the development of vaccines that recognize tumor-specific antigens in tumors or metastases. Further studies and clinical trials in the field are needed for an even better-detailed understanding of TILs interactions and aiming in the fight against multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zemanek
- Lambda Life, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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10
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Tian Y, Zhou J, Chai X, Ping Z, Zhao Y, Xu X, Luo C, Sheng J. TCF12 Activates TGFB2 Expression to Promote the Malignant Progression of Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4505. [PMID: 37760480 PMCID: PMC10527220 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common malignant tumors, melanoma is a serious threat to human health. More than half of melanoma patients have a BRAF mutation, and 90% of them have a BRAF(V600E) mutation. There is a targeted therapy for patients using a BRAF(V600E) inhibitor. However, no response to treatment is generally inevitable due to the heterogeneity of melanoma. Coupled with its high metastatic character, melanoma ultimately leads to poor overall survival. This study aimed to explore the possible mechanisms of melanoma metastasis and identify a more effective method for the treatment of melanoma. In this paper, we report that TCF12 expression is higher in melanoma, especially in metastatic tumors, through analyzing data from TCGA. Then, cell proliferation, colony formation, and transwell assays show that the upregulated expression of TCF12 can promote proliferation and metastasis of melanoma cells in vitro. The same result is confirmed in the subcutaneous tumor formation assay. Moreover, TGFB2 is identified as a direct downstream target of TCF12 by RNA-seq, qPCR, immunoblotting, ChIP, and a dual luciferase reporting assay. Interestingly, depletion of TCF12 can sensitize melanoma to BRAF inhibition both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our results demonstrate that TCF12 promotes melanoma progression and can be a potential tumor therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Tian
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Xinxin Chai
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Zejun Ping
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yurong Zhao
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Chi Luo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinghao Sheng
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; (Y.T.); (X.C.); (Z.P.); (Y.Z.); (X.X.)
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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11
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Garg AD. The dynamic interface of genetics and immunity: toward future horizons in health & disease. Genes Immun 2023; 24:155-158. [PMID: 37464025 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-023-00213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Stress & Immunity (CSI) Lab, Department for Cellular & Molecular Medicine (CMM), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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12
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Hines JB, Kacew AJ, Sweis RF. The Development of STING Agonists and Emerging Results as a Cancer Immunotherapy. Curr Oncol Rep 2023; 25:189-199. [PMID: 36705879 PMCID: PMC10994474 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-023-01361-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW New therapies are needed to potentiate the effects of current immunotherapies and overcome resistance. The stimulator of interferon genes genes (STING) pathway is an innate immune activating cascade that may enhance current cancer immunotherapies. RECENT FINDINGS Preclinical data has shown that the addition of a STING agonist enhances the effect of current treatments such as immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies and radiation therapy. Early phase trials have demonstrated modest efficacy of STING agonists and revealed new mechanistic and technical challenges. STING agonists are a new class of agents that activate the immune response to improve tumor control. A wide range of preclinical experiments, translational data, and ongoing clinical trials support the therapeutic use of STING agonists in patients. Trials to determine optimal drug combinations and novel delivery mechanisms are continuing in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobi B Hines
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA
| | - Alec J Kacew
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Randy F Sweis
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA.
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13
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A systematic review and meta-analysis of immune checkpoint therapy in relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma; a friend or foe? Transl Oncol 2023; 30:101636. [PMID: 36773442 PMCID: PMC9941575 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, a revolution has occurred in oncology with the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Following tremendous successes in solid tumors, interest has risen to explore these inhibitors in hematologic malignancies; while Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) has shown overwhelming achievements, available data on different types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) vary considerably. To the best of our knowledge, no meta-analysis has assessed the efficacy and safety of ICI therapy in relapsed or refractory NHL patients. Meta-analysis of the included studies (n = 29) indicated PD-1 may probably be the more attractive ICI target rather than PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in NHL patients. Also, there is a plausible correlation between NHL subtypes and response to ICI therapy. While MF, ENKTL, RT, and PMBCL showed promising responses to ICI monotherapy, neither FL nor DLBCL had satisfactory responses; further necessitating novel strategies such as the application of ICIs in combination with other treatment strategies. Notably, among different combinations, BTK inhibitors showed an obvious improvement as compared to ICI monotherapy in both FL and DLBCL, however, the best results were obtained when ICI was combined with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies. Finally, while most NHL patients who received ICI treatment have experienced mild AEs, larger trials with long-term follow-up are required to confirm the safety, as well as the efficacy, of ICI therapy in NHL patients.
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14
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Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms: A Boon for Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010169. [PMID: 36672677 PMCID: PMC9855697 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is rapidly emerging as a promising approach against cancer. In the last decade, various immunological mechanisms have been targeted to induce an increase in the immune response against cancer cells. However, despite promising results, many patients show partial response, resistance, or serious toxicities. A promising way to overcome this is the use of immunotherapeutic approaches, in combination with other potential therapeutic approaches. Aberrant epigenetic modifications play an important role in carcinogenesis and its progression, as well as in the functioning of immune cells. Thus, therapeutic approaches targeting aberrant epigenetic mechanisms and the immune response might provide an effective antitumor effect. Further, the recent development of potent epigenetic drugs and immunomodulators gives hope to this combinatorial approach. In this review, we summarize the synergy mechanism between epigenetic therapies and immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer, and discuss recent advancements in the translation of this approach.
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15
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Hu T, Gong H, Xu J, Huang Y, Wu F, He Z. Nanomedicines for Overcoming Cancer Drug Resistance. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081606. [PMID: 36015232 PMCID: PMC9412887 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically, cancer drug resistance to chemotherapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy remains the main impediment towards curative cancer therapy, which leads directly to treatment failure along with extended hospital stays, increased medical costs and high mortality. Therefore, increasing attention has been paid to nanotechnology-based delivery systems for overcoming drug resistance in cancer. In this respect, novel tumor-targeting nanomedicines offer fairly effective therapeutic strategies for surmounting the various limitations of chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, enabling more precise cancer treatment, more convenient monitoring of treatment agents, as well as surmounting cancer drug resistance, including multidrug resistance (MDR). Nanotechnology-based delivery systems, including liposomes, polymer micelles, nanoparticles (NPs), and DNA nanostructures, enable a large number of properly designed therapeutic nanomedicines. In this paper, we review the different mechanisms of cancer drug resistance to chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, and discuss the latest developments in nanomedicines for overcoming cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.H.); (J.X.); (Y.H.)
| | - Hanlin Gong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Jiayue Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.H.); (J.X.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yuan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.H.); (J.X.); (Y.H.)
| | - Fengbo Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.H.); (J.X.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (F.W.); or (Z.H.); Tel.: +86-28-85422965 (Z.H.); Fax: +86-28-85422664 (Z.H.)
| | - Zhiyao He
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (T.H.); (J.X.); (Y.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (F.W.); or (Z.H.); Tel.: +86-28-85422965 (Z.H.); Fax: +86-28-85422664 (Z.H.)
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16
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Cui Q, Wang C, Zeng L, Zhou QX, Fan YF. Editorial: Novel Small-Molecule Agents in Overcoming Multidrug Resistance in Cancers. Front Chem 2022; 10:921985. [PMID: 35601552 PMCID: PMC9114663 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.921985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Cui
- Department of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Qingbin Cui,
| | - Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Leli Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian-Xiong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Fang Fan
- Department of First Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Le TMD, Yoon AR, Thambi T, Yun CO. Polymeric Systems for Cancer Immunotherapy: A Review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826876. [PMID: 35273607 PMCID: PMC8902250 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy holds enormous promise to create a new outlook of cancer therapy by eliminating tumors via activation of the immune system. In immunotherapy, polymeric systems play a significant role in improving antitumor efficacy and safety profile. Polymeric systems possess many favorable properties, including magnificent biocompatibility and biodegradability, structural and component diversity, easy and controllable fabrication, and high loading capacity for immune-related substances. These properties allow polymeric systems to perform multiple functions in immunotherapy, such as immune stimulants, modifying and activating T cells, delivery system for immune cargos, or as an artificial antigen-presenting cell. Among diverse immunotherapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell, and oncolytic virus recently have been dramatically investigated for their remarkable success in clinical trials. In this report, we review the monotherapy status of immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell, and oncolytic virus, and their current combination strategies with diverse polymeric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Minh Duy Le
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanayang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A-Rum Yoon
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanayang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanayang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (HY-IBB), Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Thavasyappan Thambi
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanayang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanayang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanayang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (HY-IBB), Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,GeneMedicine CO., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
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18
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Granhøj JS, Witness Præst Jensen A, Presti M, Met Ö, Svane IM, Donia M. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes for adoptive cell therapy: recent advances, challenges, and future directions. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2022; 22:627-641. [PMID: 35414331 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2022.2064711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is a highly personalized type of cancer immunotherapy. TIL-based ACT exploits naturally occurring TILs, derived from the patients' tumor. This treatment has shown consistent clinical responses in melanoma, and recent results point toward a potential use in multiple cancer diagnoses. However, several limitations have restricted the clinical development and adaptation of TIL-based ACT. AREAS COVERED In this review, we present the principles of TIL-based ACT and discuss the most significant limitations for therapeutic efficacy and its widespread application. The topics of therapeutic resistance (both innate and acquired), treatment-related toxicity, and the novel research topic of metabolic barriers in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are covered. EXPERT OPINION There are many ongoing areas of research focusing on improving clinical efficacy and optimizing TIL-based ACT. Many strategies have shown great potential, particularly strategies advancing TIL efficacy (such as increasing and harnessing ex vivo the sub-population of tumor-reactive TILs) and manufacturing processes. Novel approaches can help overcome current limitations and potentially result in TIL-based ACT entering the mainstream of cancer therapy across tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Stoltenborg Granhøj
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Agnete Witness Præst Jensen
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mario Presti
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Özcan Met
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marco Donia
- National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
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19
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Gubser C, Chiu C, Lewin SR, Rasmussen TA. Immune checkpoint blockade in HIV. EBioMedicine 2022; 76:103840. [PMID: 35123267 PMCID: PMC8882999 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically improved life expectancy for people with HIV (PWH) and helps to restore immune function but is not curative and must be taken lifelong. Achieving long term control of HIV in the absence of ART will likely require potent T cell function, but chronic HIV infection is associated with immune exhaustion that persists even on ART. This is driven by elevated expression of immune checkpoints that provide negative signalling to T cells. In individuals with cancer, immune checkpoint blockade augments tumour-directed T-cell responses resulting in significant clinical cures. There is therefore high interest if ICB can contribute to HIV cure or remission by reversing HIV-latency and/or drive recovery of HIV-specific T-cells. We here review recent evidence on the role of immune checkpoints in persistent HIV infection and discuss the potential for employing immune checkpoint blockade as a therapeutic approach to target HIV persistence on ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Gubser
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Chris Chiu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Sharon R Lewin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Thomas A Rasmussen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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20
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Zhang Y, He R, Lei X, Mao L, Jiang P, Ni C, Yin Z, Zhong X, Chen C, Zheng Q, Li D. A Novel Pyroptosis-Related Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Indicating Immune Microenvironment Features in Osteosarcoma. Front Genet 2021; 12:780780. [PMID: 34899864 PMCID: PMC8662937 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.780780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor with a propensity for drug resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. A growing number of studies have elucidated the dual role of pyroptosis in the development of cancer, which is a gasdermin-regulated novel inflammatory programmed cell death. However, the interaction between pyroptosis and the overall survival (OS) of osteosarcoma patients is poorly understood. This study aimed to construct a prognostic model based on pyroptosis-related genes to provide new insights into the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. We identified 46 differentially expressed pyroptosis-associated genes between osteosarcoma tissues and normal control tissues. A total of six risk genes affecting the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients were screened to form a pyroptosis-related signature by univariate and LASSO regression analysis and verified using GSE21257 as a validation cohort. Combined with other clinical characteristics, including age, gender, and metastatic status, we found that the pyroptosis-related signature score, which we named “PRS-score,” was an independent prognostic factor for patients with osteosarcoma and that a low PRS-score indicated better OS and a lower risk of metastasis. The result of ssGSEA and ESTIMATE algorithms showed that a lower PRS-score indicated higher immune scores, higher levels of tumor infiltration by immune cells, more active immune function, and lower tumor purity. In summary, we developed and validated a pyroptosis-related signature for predicting the prognosis of osteosarcoma, which may contribute to early diagnosis and immunotherapy of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Rong He
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xuan Lei
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lianghao Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Pan Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Guizhou Orthopedics Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Chenlie Ni
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhengyu Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xinyu Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiping Zheng
- Department of Hematological Laboratory Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang, Guiyang, China.,Shenzhen Academy of Peptide Targeting Technology at Pingshan, and Shenzhen Tyercan Bio-Pharm Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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