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Chiariello A, Rossetti L, Valente S, Pasquinelli G, Sollazzo M, Iommarini L, Porcelli AM, Tognocchi M, Conte G, Santoro A, Kwiatkowska KM, Garagnani P, Salvioli S, Conte M. Downregulation of PLIN2 in human dermal fibroblasts impairs mitochondrial function in an age-dependent fashion and induces cell senescence via GDF15. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14111. [PMID: 38650174 PMCID: PMC11113257 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) is a lipid droplet (LD)-coating protein playing important roles in lipid homeostasis and suppression of lipotoxicity in different tissues and cell types. Recently, a role for PLIN2 in supporting mitochondrial function has emerged. PLIN2 dysregulation is involved in many metabolic disorders and age-related diseases. However, the exact consequences of PLIN2 dysregulation are not yet completely understood. In this study, we knocked down (KD) PLIN2 in primary human dermal fibroblasts (hDFs) from young (mean age 29 years) and old (mean age 71 years) healthy donors. We have found that PLIN2 KD caused a decline of mitochondrial function only in hDFs from young donors, while mitochondria of hDFs from old donors (that are already partially impaired) did not significantly worsen upon PLIN2 KD. This mitochondrial impairment is associated with the increased expression of the stress-related mitokine growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and the induction of cell senescence. Interestingly, the simultaneous KD of PLIN2 and GDF15 abrogated the induction of cell senescence, suggesting that the increase in GDF15 is the mediator of this phenomenon. Moreover, GDF15 KD caused a profound alteration of gene expression, as observed by RNA-Seq analysis. After a more stringent analysis, this alteration remained statistically significant only in hDFs from young subjects, further supporting the idea that cells from old and young donors react differently when undergoing manipulation of either PLIN2 or GDF15 genes, with the latter being likely a downstream mediator of the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Chiariello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Luca Rossetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
- Interdepartmental Centre “Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)”University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Sabrina Valente
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Gianandrea Pasquinelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Manuela Sollazzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Luisa Iommarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Anna Maria Porcelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Monica Tognocchi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Giuseppe Conte
- Department of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Aurelia Santoro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | | | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Maria Conte
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
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Liu C, Wong PY, Chung YL, Chow SKH, Cheung WH, Law SW, Chan JCN, Wong RMY. Deciphering the "obesity paradox" in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis of sarcopenic obesity. Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13534. [PMID: 36443946 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aging and obesity are two global concerns in public health. Sarcopenic obesity (SO), defined as the combination of age-related sarcopenia and obesity, has become a pressing issue. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarize the current clinical evidence relevant to SO. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched, and 106 clinical studies with 167,151 elderlies were included. The estimated prevalence of SO was 9% in both men and women. Obesity was associated with 34% reduced risk of sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR] 0.66, 95% CI 0.48-0.91; p < 0.001). The pooled hazard ratio (HR) of all-cause mortality was 1.51 (95% CI 1.14-2.02; p < 0.001) for people with SO compared with healthy individuals. SO was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and related mortality, metabolic disorders, cognitive impairment, arthritis, functional limitation, and lung diseases (all ORs > 1.0, p < 0.05). The attenuated risk of sarcopenia in elderlies with obesity ("obesity paradox") was dependent on higher muscle mass and strength. Apart from unifying the diagnosis of SO, more research is needed to subphenotype people with obesity and sarcopenia for individualized treatment. Meanwhile, the maintenance of proper body composition of muscle and fat may delay or attenuate the adverse outcomes of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoran Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pui Yan Wong
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yik Lok Chung
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Hoi Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sheung Wai Law
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Juliana Chung Ngor Chan
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ronald Man Yeung Wong
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Complementary combination of biomarkers for diagnosis of sarcopenia in C57BL/6J mice. Life Sci 2022; 312:121213. [PMID: 36423671 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this study is to provide a reliable strategy for the diagnosis of sarcopenia based on a complementary combination of biomarkers from various approaches. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 30 C57BL/6J mice were used for the experiment, in which 15 young mice (YM) at 24 weeks old and 15 aged mice (AM) at 88 weeks old. Extracted features-based digital biomarkers from the electromyography activity of tibialis anterior muscles were evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Extracted tissular proteins and circulating hormones based chemical biomarkers were investigated by using immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. KEY FINDINGS In terms of digital biomarkers, the feature-based classification of mice groups showed good performance (Feature A: AUC = 0.986, accuracy = 0.928) and (Feature B: AUC = 0.999, accuracy = 0.990). On the other hand, muscle-specific protein levels based chemical biomarkers (e.g. MuRF1, FoxO1, and perilipin2) were observed significantly increase with age. Pro-inflammatory cytokines based biomarkers extracted from muscle tissue and circulating plasma (e.g. TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8) were significantly higher in case of AM group compared to YM group. Circulating hormone-based chemical biomarkers (e.g. cortisol/DHEA ratio and cathepsin D) presented a significant increase in concentrations with age. Circulating neurotransmitter based biomarkers (e.g. acetylcholine, serotonin, and histamine) also increased significantly in concentrations from YM to AM. SIGNIFICANCE A complementary combination of digital and chemical biomarkers covers multiple domains of sarcopenia to provide an effective strategy for the early diagnosis of sarcopenia.
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Katare PB, Dalmao-Fernandez A, Mengeste AM, Hamarsland H, Ellefsen S, Bakke HG, Kase ET, Thoresen GH, Rustan AC. Energy metabolism in skeletal muscle cells from donors with different body mass index. Front Physiol 2022; 13:982842. [DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.982842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and physical inactivity have a profound impact on skeletal muscle metabolism. In the present work, we have investigated differences in protein expression and energy metabolism in primary human skeletal muscle cells established from lean donors (BMI<25 kg/m2) and individuals with obesity (BMI>30 kg/m2). Furthermore, we have studied the effect of fatty acid pretreatment on energy metabolism in myotubes from these donor groups. Alterations in protein expression were investigated using proteomic analysis, and energy metabolism was studied using radiolabeled substrates. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that glycolytic, apoptotic, and hypoxia pathways were upregulated, whereas the pentose phosphate pathway was downregulated in myotubes from donors with obesity compared to myotubes from lean donors. Moreover, fatty acid, glucose, and amino acid uptake were increased in myotubes from individuals with obesity. However, fatty acid oxidation was reduced, glucose oxidation was increased in myotubes from subjects with obesity compared to cells from lean. Pretreatment of myotubes with palmitic acid (PA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) for 24 h increased glucose oxidation and oleic acid uptake. EPA pretreatment increased the glucose and fatty acid uptake and reduced leucine fractional oxidation in myotubes from donors with obesity. In conclusion, these results suggest that myotubes from individuals with obesity showed increased fatty acid, glucose, and amino acid uptake compared to cells from lean donors. Furthermore, myotubes from individuals with obesity had reduced fatty acid oxidative capacity, increased glucose oxidation, and a higher glycolytic reserve capacity compared to cells from lean donors. Fatty acid pretreatment enhances glucose metabolism, and EPA reduces oleic acid and leucine fractional oxidation in myotubes from donor with obesity, suggesting increased metabolic flexibility after EPA treatment.
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The mechanism of Megalobrama amblycephala muscle injury repair based on RNA-seq. Gene X 2022; 827:146455. [PMID: 35395368 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myogenesis and injury-induced muscle regeneration contribute to muscle formation. Skeletal muscle stem cells, termed satellite cells (SCs), proliferate to repair injured muscle. To identify the molecular mechanism of regeneration after muscle injury as well as the genes related to muscle development in fish, in this study, the immunohistochemistry and the high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis were performed after Megalobrama amblycephala muscle was injured by needle stab. The results showed that paired box7-positive (Pax7+) SCs increased, and peaked at 96 to 144 h-post injury (hpi). The 6729 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 2125 up-regulated and 4604 down-regulated genes were found. GO terms significantly enriched by DEGs contained intercellular connections, signaling transduction and enzyme activity. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that most of the pathways were related to immunity, metabolism and cells related molecules, including actin skeleton regulation, Epstein Barr virus infection and plaque adhesion. The WGCNA results revealed that actin cytoskeleton and lipid metabolism related genes probably played crucial roles during repair after muscle injury. Collectively, all these results will provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying muscle injury repair of fish.
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Wang T. Searching for the link between inflammaging and sarcopenia. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 77:101611. [PMID: 35307560 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China.
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Wang Q, Liu Y, Xu Y, Jin Y, Wu J, Ren Z. Comparative transcriptome and Lipidome analyses suggest a lipid droplet-specific response to heat exposure of brown adipose tissue in normal and obese mice. Life Sci 2022; 299:120540. [PMID: 35398332 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In mammals, heat stress (HS) from high-temperature environments has multiple adverse effects on the well-being of the organism. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a thermogenesis tissue that protects against obesity, and as an endocrine organ that regulates the systemic metabolism, but it is unclear how heat stress affects BAT in normal and obese subjects. Understanding the transcriptomic profiles and lipidomics of BAT upon heat exposure provides insights into the adaptive changes associated with this process. MATERIALS AND METHODS We constructed heat treatment (40 °C, 4 h) models for normal and obese mice, observed the effect of heat treatment on interscapular BAT (iBAT) and performed an assay for iBAT with RNA-seq and lipidomics to compare transcriptional programs and lipid dynamics. KEY FINDINGS In normal mice, heat treatment caused an iBAT damage by decreasing the expression of genes involved in thermogenesis, adipogenesis and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, HS disturbed the acyl-chain composition of triacylglycerols (TAGs) and glycerophospholipids (PEs, PCs and CLs), accelerated the production of cholesterol esters, and caused the formation of giant lipid droplets rich in cholesterol esters in iBAT. Unexpectedly, in obese mice, heat treatment had a smaller effect on iBAT by improving the composition of the saturated glycerolipids, PEs and PCs and increasing the proportion of oxidized lipid in lipid droplets. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings proved lipid droplets participated in the regulation of lipid components of iBAT in normal and obese mice after heat treatment, which provided a new view for the understanding of the adaptation of iBAT to high-temperature environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Jian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zhuqing Ren
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Province, PR China.
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8
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Supplementation of Enriched Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and CLA Cheese on High Fat Diet: Effects on Lipid Metabolism and Fat Profile. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030398. [PMID: 35159548 PMCID: PMC8834222 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a positive relationship between dietary fat intake and the onset of several metabolic diseases. This association is particularly evident in a diet rich in saturated fatty acids, typical of animal foods, such as dairy products. However, these foods are the main source of fatty acids with a proven nutraceutical effect, such as the ω-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid (ALA) and the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), which have demonstrated important roles in the prevention of various diseases. In the present study, the effect of a supplementation with cheese enriched with ω-3 fatty acids and CLA on the metabolism and lipid profiles of C57bl/6 mice was evaluated. In particular, the analyses were conducted on different tissues, such as liver, muscle, adipose tissue and brain, known for their susceptibility to the effects of dietary fats. Supplementing cheese enriched in CLA and ω-3 fats reduced the level of saturated fat and increased the content of CLA and ALA in all tissues considered, except for the brain. Furthermore, the consumption of this cheese resulted in a tissue-specific response in the expression levels of genes involved in lipid and mitochondrial metabolism. As regards genes involved in the inflammatory response, the consumption of enriched cheese resulted in a reduction in the expression of inflammatory genes in all tissues analyzed. Considering the effects that chronic inflammation associated with a high-calorie and high-fat diet (meta-inflammation) or aging (inflammaging) has on the onset of chronic degenerative diseases, these data could be of great interest as they indicate the feasibility of modulating inflammation (thus avoiding/delaying these pathologies) with a nutritional and non-pharmacological intervention.
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Serum Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) Predicts Multiple Organ Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091210. [PMID: 34572396 PMCID: PMC8468514 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) is a lipid droplet protein with various metabolic functions. However, studies investigating PLIN2 in the context of inflammation, especially in systemic and acute inflammation, are lacking. Hence, we assessed the relevance of serum PLIN2 in critically ill patients. We measured serum PLIN2 serum in 259 critically ill patients (166 with sepsis) upon admission to a medical intensive care unit (ICU) compared to 12 healthy controls. A subset of 36 patients underwent computed tomography to quantify body composition. Compared to controls, serum PLIN2 concentrations were elevated in critically ill patients at ICU admission. Interestingly, PLIN2 independently indicated multiple organ dysfunction (MOD), defined as a SOFA score > 9 points, at ICU admission, and was also able to independently predict MOD after 48 h. Moreover, serum PLIN2 levels were associated with severe respiratory failure potentially reflecting a moribund state. However, PLIN2 was neither a predictor of ICU mortality nor did it reflect metabolic dysregulation. Conclusively, the first study assessing serum PLIN2 in critical illness proved that it may assist in risk stratification because it is capable of independently indicating MOD at admission and predicting MOD 48 h after PLIN2 measurement. Further evaluation regarding the underlying mechanisms is warranted.
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Conte M, Medici V, Malagoli D, Chiariello A, Cirrincione A, Davin A, Chikhladze M, Vasuri F, Legname G, Ferrer I, Vanni S, Marcon G, Poloni TE, Guaita A, Franceschi C, Salvioli S. Expression pattern of perilipins in human brain during aging and in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2021; 48:e12756. [PMID: 34312912 PMCID: PMC9291275 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Perilipins are conserved proteins that decorate intracellular lipid droplets and are essential for lipid metabolism. To date, there is limited knowledge on their expression in human brain or their involvement in brain aging and neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to characterise the expression levels of perilipins (Plin1-Plin5) in different cerebral areas from subjects of different age, with or without signs of neurodegeneration. METHODS We performed real-time RT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy analyses in autoptic brain samples of frontal and temporal cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus from subjects ranging from 33 to 104 years of age, with or without histological signs of neurodegeneration. To test the possible relationship between Plins and inflammation, correlation analysis with IL-6 expression was also performed. RESULTS Plin2, Plin3 and Plin5, but not Plin1 and Plin4, are expressed in the considered brain areas with different intensities. Plin2 appears to be expressed more in grey matter, particularly in neurons in all the areas analysed, whereas Plin3 and Plin5 appear to be expressed more in white matter. Plin3 seems to be expressed more in astrocytes. Only Plin2 expression is higher in old subjects and patients with early tauopathy or Alzheimer's disease and is associated with IL-6 expression. CONCLUSIONS Perilipins are expressed in human brain but only Plin2 appears to be modulated with age and neurodegeneration and linked to an inflammatory state. We propose that the accumulation of lipid droplets decorated with Plin2 occurs during brain aging and that this accumulation may be an early marker and initial step of inflammation and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Conte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Centre "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Medici
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Malagoli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio Chiariello
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alice Cirrincione
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Davin
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Maia Chikhladze
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Vasuri
- Pathology Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Bologna Authority Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Legname
- Laboratory of Prion Biology, Department of Neuroscience, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, Department of Pathologic Anatomy, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Ministry of Health, L'Hospilatet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Vanni
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo Per Lo Studio Dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marcon
- DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Tino Emanuele Poloni
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Guaita
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology, Golgi-Cenci Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and Mechanics, Lobachevsky University, Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Centre "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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11
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Watt KI, Henstridge DC, Ziemann M, Sim CB, Montgomery MK, Samocha-Bonet D, Parker BL, Dodd GT, Bond ST, Salmi TM, Lee RS, Thomson RE, Hagg A, Davey JR, Qian H, Koopman R, El-Osta A, Greenfield JR, Watt MJ, Febbraio MA, Drew BG, Cox AG, Porrello ER, Harvey KF, Gregorevic P. Yap regulates skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and adiposity in metabolic disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2887. [PMID: 34001905 PMCID: PMC8129430 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor underlying the development of metabolic disease and a growing public health concern globally. Strategies to promote skeletal muscle metabolism can be effective to limit the progression of metabolic disease. Here, we demonstrate that the levels of the Hippo pathway transcriptional co-activator YAP are decreased in muscle biopsies from obese, insulin-resistant humans and mice. Targeted disruption of Yap in adult skeletal muscle resulted in incomplete oxidation of fatty acids and lipotoxicity. Integrated 'omics analysis from isolated adult muscle nuclei revealed that Yap regulates a transcriptional profile associated with metabolic substrate utilisation. In line with these findings, increasing Yap abundance in the striated muscle of obese (db/db) mice enhanced energy expenditure and attenuated adiposity. Our results demonstrate a vital role for Yap as a mediator of skeletal muscle metabolism. Strategies to enhance Yap activity in skeletal muscle warrant consideration as part of comprehensive approaches to treat metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K I Watt
- Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Dept of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Dept of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - D C Henstridge
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas, Australia
| | - M Ziemann
- Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - C B Sim
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M K Montgomery
- Dept of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - D Samocha-Bonet
- Division of Healthy Aging, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - B L Parker
- Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Dept of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - G T Dodd
- Dept of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - S T Bond
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - T M Salmi
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Dept of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - R S Lee
- Metabolic Disease and Obesity Phenotyping Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - R E Thomson
- Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A Hagg
- Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - J R Davey
- Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - H Qian
- Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - R Koopman
- Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A El-Osta
- Dept of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Dept of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J R Greenfield
- Division of Healthy Aging, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Dept of Diabetes and Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - M J Watt
- Dept of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M A Febbraio
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - B G Drew
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A G Cox
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Dept of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - E R Porrello
- Dept of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - K F Harvey
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Dept of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Dept of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, and Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - P Gregorevic
- Centre for Muscle Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Dept of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Dept of Neurology, The University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
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12
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Conte M, Santoro A, Collura S, Martucci M, Battista G, Bazzocchi A, Morsiani C, Sevini F, Capri M, Monti D, Franceschi C, Salvioli S. Circulating perilipin 2 levels are associated with fat mass, inflammatory and metabolic markers and are higher in women than men. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:7931-7942. [PMID: 33735111 PMCID: PMC8034884 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) is a protein involved in lipid storage and metabolism in non-adipose tissues. Detectable levels of circulating PLIN2 (cPLIN2) have been reported to be associated with some types of cancer, but no systematic analysis of age-related modifications in cPLIN2 levels has ever been performed. We measured serum cPLIN2 in a group of old people including centenarians in comparison with young subjects and tested possible correlations with parameters of body composition, fat and glucose metabolism, and inflammation. We found that: i. levels of cPLIN2 do not change with age, but women have higher levels of cPLIN2 with respect to men; ii. cPLIN2 levels strongly correlate to BMI, as well as fat and lean mass; iii. cPLIN2 levels strongly correlate with the proinflammatory adipokine leptin. Due to the adipogenic activity of leptin, it is hypothesized that cPLIN2 is affected and possibly regulated by this pleiotropic adipokine. Moreover, these results suggest that cPLIN2 (possibly together with leptin) could be assumed as a proxy for body adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Conte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurelia Santoro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Salvatore Collura
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Morena Martucci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battista
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Bazzocchi
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Morsiani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Sevini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Monti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Laboratory of Systems Medicine of Healthy Aging and Department of Applied Mathematics, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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13
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Sartori R, Romanello V, Sandri M. Mechanisms of muscle atrophy and hypertrophy: implications in health and disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:330. [PMID: 33436614 PMCID: PMC7803748 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20123-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the protein reservoir of our body and an important regulator of glucose and lipid homeostasis. Consequently, the growth or the loss of muscle mass can influence general metabolism, locomotion, eating and respiration. Therefore, it is not surprising that excessive muscle loss is a bad prognostic index of a variety of diseases ranging from cancer, organ failure, infections and unhealthy ageing. Muscle function is influenced by different quality systems that regulate the function of contractile proteins and organelles. These systems are controlled by transcriptional dependent programs that adapt muscle cells to environmental and nutritional clues. Mechanical, oxidative, nutritional and energy stresses, as well as growth factors or cytokines modulate signaling pathways that, ultimately, converge on protein and organelle turnover. Novel insights that control and orchestrate such complex network are continuously emerging and will be summarized in this review. Understanding the mechanisms that control muscle mass will provide therapeutic targets for the treatment of muscle loss in inherited and non-hereditary diseases and for the improvement of the quality of life during ageing. Loss of muscle mass is associated with ageing and with a number of diseases such as cancer. Here, the authors review the signaling pathways that modulate protein synthesis and degradation and gain or loss of muscle mass, and discuss therapeutic implications and future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Sartori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/b, 35121, Padova, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy
| | - Vanina Romanello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/b, 35121, Padova, Italy. .,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy.
| | - Marco Sandri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/b, 35121, Padova, Italy. .,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy. .,Myology Center, University of Padova, via Ugo Bassi 58/b, 35121, Padova, Italy. .,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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14
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Wang S, Raza SHA, Mei C, Zhu K, Garcia M, Schreurs NM, Liang C, Yang X, Zan L. Transcriptome profiling reveals differential expression of genes potentially involved in muscle and adipose tissue development of cattle. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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15
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Cisterna B, Sobolev AP, Costanzo M, Malatesta M, Zancanaro C. Combined Microscopic and Metabolomic Approach to Characterize the Skeletal Muscle Fiber of the Ts65Dn Mouse, A Model of Down Syndrome. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2020; 26:1014-1023. [PMID: 32867866 DOI: 10.1017/s143192762002437x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetically based disease caused by triplication of chromosome 21. DS is characterized by severe muscle weakness associated with motor deficits; however, understanding the DS-associated skeletal muscle condition is limited. In this study, we used a combined methodological approach involving light and electron microscopy, as well as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy metabolomics, to investigate morphology and composition of the quadriceps muscles in the Ts65Dn mouse, a model of DS, to identify structural and/or functional trisomy-associated alterations. Morphometric analysis demonstrated a larger size of myofibers in trisomic versus euploid mice; however, myofibrils were thinner and contained higher amounts of mitochondria and lipid droplets. In trisomic mice, magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed a tendency to an overall increase in muscle metabolites involved in protein synthesis. These data strongly suggest that in DS, a sarcoplasmic hypertrophy associated with myofibril loss characterizes quadriceps myofibers. In addition, large-sized mitochondria suggestive of impaired fission/fusion events, as well as metabolites modifications suggestive of decreased mitochondrial function, were found in the trisomic muscle. Albeit preliminary, the results provided by this novel approach consistently indicate structural and compositional alterations of the DS skeletal muscle, which are typical of early aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Cisterna
- Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, VeronaI-37134, Italy
| | - Anatoly P Sobolev
- Magnetic Resonance Laboratory "Annalaura Segre", Institute for Biological Systems, National Research Council, via Salaria km 29.300, Monterotondo, RomeI-00015, Italy
| | - Manuela Costanzo
- Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, VeronaI-37134, Italy
| | - Manuela Malatesta
- Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, VeronaI-37134, Italy
| | - Carlo Zancanaro
- Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, VeronaI-37134, Italy
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16
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Vainshtein A, Sandri M. Signaling Pathways That Control Muscle Mass. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134759. [PMID: 32635462 PMCID: PMC7369702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of skeletal muscle mass under a wide range of acute and chronic maladies is associated with poor prognosis, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality. Decades of research indicate the importance of skeletal muscle for whole body metabolism, glucose homeostasis, as well as overall health and wellbeing. This tissue’s remarkable ability to rapidly and effectively adapt to changing environmental cues is a double-edged sword. Physiological adaptations that are beneficial throughout life become maladaptive during atrophic conditions. The atrophic program can be activated by mechanical, oxidative, and energetic distress, and is influenced by the availability of nutrients, growth factors, and cytokines. Largely governed by a transcription-dependent mechanism, this program impinges on multiple protein networks including various organelles as well as biosynthetic and quality control systems. Although modulating muscle function to prevent and treat disease is an enticing concept that has intrigued research teams for decades, a lack of thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that control muscle mass, in addition to poor transferability of findings from rodents to humans, has obstructed efforts to develop effective treatments. Here, we review the progress made in unraveling the molecular mechanisms responsible for the regulation of muscle mass, as this continues to be an intensive area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Sandri
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Orus 2, 35129 Padua, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padua, via G. Colombo 3, 35100 Padua, Italy
- Myology Center, University of Padua, via G. Colombo 3, 35100 Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Correspondence:
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17
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Dai ZW, Cai KD, Xu LC, Wang LL. Perilipin2 inhibits diabetic nephropathy-induced podocyte apoptosis by activating the PPARγ signaling pathway. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 53:101584. [PMID: 32387304 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Podocyte apoptosis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of perilipin2 on high glucose (HG)-induced podocyte apoptosis and associated mechanisms. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in BTBR ob/ob mice vs. nondiabetic mice kidneys were obtained from GSE106841 dataset and picked out using the 'limma' package. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and was visualized by Cytoscape. Perilipin2 was a hub gene using the cytoHubba plug-in from Cytoscape. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the 126 overlapping DEGs were mainly enriched in 'oxidation reduction' [biological process, (BP)], metal ion binding' [molecular function, (MF)] and 'extracellular region' [cellular component, (CC)]. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that perilipin2 was mainly involved in 'PPAR signaling pathway'. DN inhibited perilipin2 expression and PPARγ expression, as by both in vitro and in vivo studies. In vitro experiments demonstrated that perilipin2 inhibition could not only reduced PPARγ expression in podocytes, it could also promote the apoptosis, and inhibit the viability in HG treated podocytes using western blot, CCK8 and flow cytometry assays. Perilipin2 overexpression reversed the effects of HG on inhibiting podocalyxin, nephrin, precursor (pro)-caspase-3/-9 and PPARγ protein expression and increasing cleaved caspase-3/-9 protein expression. Furthermore, the functions of perilipin2 overexpression reversing HG-induced podocyte apoptosis were inhibited by PPARγ inhibitor. In conclusion, the functions of DN-induced podocyte apoptosis were inhibited by activation of the PPARγ signaling pathway caused by perilipin2 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Dai
- Department of Nephrology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China.
| | - Ke-Dan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
| | - Ling-Cang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
| | - Lai-Liang Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China; Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315010, China
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18
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Conte M, Armani A, Conte G, Serra A, Franceschi C, Mele M, Sandri M, Salvioli S. Muscle-specific Perilipin2 down-regulation affects lipid metabolism and induces myofiber hypertrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:95-110. [PMID: 30288961 PMCID: PMC6438344 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perilipin2 (Plin2) belongs to a family of five highly conserved proteins, known for their role in lipid storage. Recent data indicate that Plin2 has an important function in cell metabolism and is involved in several human pathologies, including liver steatosis and Type II diabetes. An association between Plin2 and lower muscle mass and strength has been found in elderly and inactive people, but its function in skeletal muscle is still unclear. Here, we addressed the role of Plin2 in adult muscle by gain and loss of function experiments. METHODS By mean of in vivo Plin2 down-regulation (shPlin2) and overexpression (overPlin2) in murine tibialis anterior muscle, we analysed the effects of Plin2 genetic manipulations on myofiber size and lipid composition. An analysis of skeletal muscle lipid composition was also performed in vastus lateralis samples from young and old patients undergoing hip surgery. RESULTS We found that Plin2 down-regulation was sufficient to induce a 30% increase of myofiber cross-sectional area, independently of mTOR pathway. Alterations of lipid content and modulation of genes involved in lipid synthesis occurred in hypertrophic muscles. In particular, we showed a decrease of triglycerides, ceramides, and phosphatidylcoline:phosphatidylethanolamine ratio, a condition known to impact negatively on muscle function. Plin2 overexpression did not change fibre size; however, lipid composition was strongly affected in a way that is similar to that observed in human samples from old patients. CONCLUSIONS Altogether these data indicate that Plin2 is a critical mediator for the control of muscle mass, likely, but maybe not exclusively, through its critical role in the regulation of intracellular lipid content and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Conte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Armani
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Conte
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Serra
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Research Center of Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Marcello Mele
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Research Center of Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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